LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES | NOTE 3 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Activity in the allowance for loan losses and balances in the loan portfolio were as follows: Commercial (Dollars in thousands) and Commercial Construction Residential Agricultural Industrial Consumer Real Estate Real Estate Real Estate Unallocated Total Allowance for Loan Losses Beginning balance $ 362 $ 818 $ 335 $ 2,398 $ 43 $ 522 $ 323 $ 4,801 Charge-offs — (81 ) (71 ) (589 ) — (11 ) — (752 ) Recoveries — 1 25 16 — 5 — 47 Provision 111 (87 ) (27 ) (182 ) 5 (80 ) 260 — Ending balance $ 473 $ 651 $ 262 $ 1,643 $ 48 $ 436 $ 583 $ 4,096 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Beginning balance $ 481 $ 892 $ 254 $ 1,926 $ 38 $ 537 $ 545 $ 4,673 Charge-offs — (83 ) (222 ) (589 ) — (25 ) — (919 ) Recoveries 65 21 113 22 — 121 — 342 Provision (73 ) (179 ) 117 284 10 (197 ) 38 — Ending balance $ 473 $ 651 $ 262 $ 1,643 $ 48 $ 436 $ 583 $ 4,096 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 85 $ 2 $ 4 $ 14 $ — $ 186 $ — $ 291 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 388 $ 649 $ 258 $ 1,629 $ 48 $ 250 $ 583 $ 3,805 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Beginning balance $ 359 $ 970 $ 205 $ 1,911 $ 16 $ 620 $ 578 $ 4,659 Charge-offs — — (62 ) — — (13 ) — (75 ) Recoveries — 4 22 2 — 10 — 38 Provision 5 (25 ) 59 37 15 — (91 ) — Ending balance $ 364 $ 949 $ 224 $ 1,950 $ 31 $ 617 $ 487 $ 4,622 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Beginning balance $ 506 $ 1,001 $ 262 $ 1,761 $ 35 $ 726 $ 286 $ 4,577 Charge-offs — (58 ) (180 ) — — (25 ) — (263 ) Recoveries — 57 73 61 — 82 — 273 Provision (142 ) (51 ) 69 128 (4 ) (166 ) 201 35 Ending balance $ 364 $ 949 $ 224 $ 1,950 $ 31 $ 617 $ 487 $ 4,622 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 13 $ 18 $ 19 $ 27 $ — $ 180 $ — $ 257 Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 351 $ 931 $ 205 $ 1,923 $ 31 $ 437 $ 487 $ 4,365 Loans Individually evaluated for impairment $ 389 $ 279 $ 20 $ 2,331 $ — $ 2,646 $ 5,665 Collectively evaluated for impairment 49,668 81,252 24,388 141,975 11,188 92,670 401,141 Ending balance $ 50,057 $ 81,531 $ 24,408 $ 144,306 $ 11,188 $ 95,316 $ 406,806 December 31, 2018 Individually evaluated for impairment $ 578 $ 21 $ 90 $ 623 $ — $ 2,712 $ 4,024 Collectively evaluated for impairment 48,531 91,385 24,292 138,830 8,843 93,168 405,049 Ending balance $ 49,109 $ 91,406 $ 24,382 $ 139,453 $ 8,843 $ 95,880 $ 409,073 The process to monitor the credit quality of ChoiceOne’s loan portfolio includes tracking (1) the risk ratings of business loans, (2) the level of classified business loans, and (3) delinquent and nonperforming consumer loans. Business loans are risk rated on a scale of 1 to 8. A description of the characteristics of the ratings follows: Risk ratings 1 and 2: These loans are considered pass credits. They exhibit good to exceptional credit risk and demonstrate the ability to repay the loan from normal business operations. Risk rating 3: These loans are considered pass credits. They exhibit acceptable credit risk and demonstrate the ability to repay the loan from normal business operations. Risk rating 4: These loans are considered pass credits. However, they have potential developing weaknesses that, if not corrected, may cause deterioration in the ability of the borrower to repay the loan. While a loss is possible for a loan with this rating, it is not anticipated. Risk rating 5: These loans are considered special mention credits. Loans in this risk rating are considered to be inadequately protected by the net worth and debt service coverage of the borrower or of any pledged collateral. These loans have well defined weaknesses that may jeopardize the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. If the weaknesses are not corrected, loss of principal and interest could be probable. Risk rating 6: These loans are considered substandard credits. These loans have well defined weaknesses, the severity of which makes collection of principal and interest in full questionable. Loans in this category may be placed on nonaccrual status. Risk rating 7: These loans are considered doubtful credits. Some loss of principal and interest has been determined to be probable. The estimate of the amount of loss could be affected by factors such as the borrower’s ability to provide additional capital or collateral. Loans in this category are on nonaccrual status. Risk rating 8: These loans are considered loss credits. They are considered uncollectible and will be charged off against the allowance for loan losses. Information regarding the Bank’s credit exposure is as follows: Corporate Credit Exposure - Credit Risk Profile By Creditworthiness Category Agricultural Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 Risk ratings 1 and 2 $ 14,214 $ 15,300 $ 7,138 $ 11,972 $ 9,137 $ 7,962 Risk rating 3 16,376 23,938 39,317 50,266 89,117 89,173 Risk rating 4 18,074 9,082 32,002 23,961 40,952 36,193 Risk rating 5 1,004 211 2,795 5,204 2,156 4,850 Risk rating 6 389 578 279 3 2,944 1,275 $ 50,057 $ 49,109 $ 81,531 $ 91,406 $ 144,306 $ 139,453 Corporate Credit Exposure - Credit Risk Profile Based On Payment Activity Consumer Construction Real Estate Residential Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 Performing $ 24,400 $ 24,320 $ 11,188 $ 8,843 $ 94,343 $ 94,925 Nonperforming — — — — — — Nonaccrual 8 62 — — 973 955 $ 24,408 $ 24,382 $ 11,188 $ 8,843 $ 95,316 $ 95,880 The following schedule provides information on loans that were considered TDRs that were modified during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018: Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Pre- Post- Pre- Post- Modification Modification Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding (Dollars in thousands) Number of Recorded Recorded Number of Recorded Recorded Loans Investment Investment Loans Investment Investment Commercial real estate — $ — $ — 2 $ 1,882 $ 1,882 Residential real estate — — — 1 17 17 — $ — $ — 3 $ 1,899 $ 1,899 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Pre- Post- Pre- Post- Modification Modification Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding (Dollars in thousands) Number of Recorded Recorded Number of Recorded Recorded Loans Investment Investment Loans Investment Investment Commercial and industrial — $ — $ — — $ — $ — The pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investments represent amounts as of the date of loan modification. If a difference exists between the pre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investment, it represents impairment recognized through the provision for loan losses computed based on a loan’s post-modification present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. If no difference exists, a loss is not expected to be incurred based on an assessment of the borrower’s expected cash flows. The following schedule provides information on TDRs as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 where the borrower was past due with respect to principal and/or interest for 30 days or more during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 that had been modified during the year prior to the default: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 September 30, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Number Recorded of Loans Investment of Loans Investment Commercial real estate 2 $ 1,882 2 $ 1,882 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 September 30, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Number Recorded Number Recorded of Loans Investment of Loans Investment Commercial and industrial — $ — — $ — Impaired loans by loan category follow: Unpaid (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Principal Related Investment Balance Allowance September 30, 2019 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 259 259 — Consumer — — — Commercial real estate 1,882 1,882 — Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 103 103 — Total 2,244 2,244 — With an allowance recorded Agricultural 389 474 85 Commercial and industrial 20 22 2 Consumer 20 24 4 Commercial real estate 449 462 14 Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 2,543 2,729 186 Total 3,421 3,711 291 Total Agricultural 389 474 85 Commercial and industrial 279 281 2 Consumer 20 24 4 Commercial real estate 2,331 2,344 14 Construction real estate — — — Residential real estate 2,646 2,832 186 Total $ 5,665 $ 5,955 $ 291 December 31, 2018 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 185 $ 185 $ — Commercial and industrial — — — Consumer 1 1 — Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 73 109 — Residential real estate 250 261 — Total 509 556 — With an allowance recorded Agricultural 393 440 94 Commercial and industrial 21 21 3 Consumer 89 89 13 Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 550 609 20 Residential real estate 2,462 2,494 167 Total 3,515 3,653 297 Total Agricultural 578 625 94 Commercial and industrial 21 21 3 Consumer 90 90 13 Construction real estate — — — Commercial real estate 623 718 20 Residential real estate 2,712 2,755 167 Total $ 4,024 $ 4,209 $ 297 The following schedule provides information regarding average balances of impaired loans and interest recognized on impaired loans for three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2019 and 2018: Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized Three months ended September 30, 2019 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 129 — Consumer — — Commercial real estate 941 — Residential real estate 109 1 Total 1,179 1 With an allowance recorded Agricultural 389 — Commercial and industrial 191 — Consumer 37 1 Commercial real estate 1,693 13 Residential real estate 2,521 48 Total 4,831 62 Total Agricultural 389 — Commercial and industrial 320 — Consumer 37 1 Commercial real estate 2,634 13 Residential real estate 2,630 49 Total $ 6,010 $ 63 Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized Three months ended September 30, 2018 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 211 $ — Commercial and industrial 73 3 Consumer — — Commercial real estate 134 — Construction real estate 65 — Residential real estate 168 — Total 651 3 With an allowance recorded Agricultural 206 — Commercial and industrial 521 8 Consumer 68 3 Commercial real estate 739 20 Construction real estate — — Residential real estate 2,418 52 Total 3,952 83 Total Agricultural 417 — Commercial and industrial 594 11 Consumer 68 3 Commercial real estate 873 20 Construction real estate 65 — Residential real estate 2,586 52 Total $ 4,603 $ 86 Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized Nine months ended September 30, 2019 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 46 $ — Commercial and industrial 65 9 Consumer — — Commercial real estate 507 61 Residential real estate 156 4 Total 774 74 With an allowance recorded Agricultural 390 — Commercial and industrial 107 2 Consumer 56 1 Commercial real estate 1,117 27 Residential real estate 2,510 112 Total 4,180 142 Total Agricultural 436 — Commercial and industrial 172 11 Consumer 56 1 Commercial real estate 1,624 88 Residential real estate 2,666 116 Total $ 4,954 $ 216 Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Recorded Income Investment Recognized Nine months ended September 30, 2018 With no related allowance recorded Agricultural $ 317 $ — Commercial and industrial 37 6 Consumer 2 — Commercial real estate 67 — Construction real estate 79 — Residential real estate 159 2 Total 661 8 With an allowance recorded Agricultural 103 — Commercial and industrial 364 23 Consumer 52 2 Commercial real estate 728 42 Construction real estate — — Residential real estate 2,539 112 Total 3,786 179 Total Agricultural 420 — Commercial and industrial 401 29 Consumer 54 2 Commercial real estate 795 42 Construction real estate 79 — Residential real estate 2,698 114 Total $ 4,447 $ 187 An aging analysis of loans by loan category follows: Greater 90 Days Past (Dollars in thousands) 30 to 59 60 to 89 Than 90 Loans Not Due and Days Days Days (1) Total Past Due Total Loans Accruing September 30, 2019 Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 50,057 $ 50,057 $ — Commercial and industrial 284 — 259 543 80,988 81,531 — Consumer 43 3 2 48 24,360 24,408 — Commercial real estate — — 1,882 1,882 142,424 144,306 — Construction real estate — — — — 11,188 11,188 — Residential real estate 102 644 201 947 94,369 95,316 — $ 429 $ 647 $ 2,344 $ 3,420 $ 403,386 $ 406,806 $ — December 31, 2018 Agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 49,109 $ 49,109 $ — Commercial and industrial 5 — — 5 91,401 91,406 — Consumer 149 40 11 200 24,182 24,382 — Commercial real estate — — 73 73 139,380 139,453 — Construction real estate — — — — 8,843 8,843 — Residential real estate 1,493 486 648 2,627 93,253 95,880 — $ 1,647 $ 526 $ 732 $ 2,905 $ 406,168 $ 409,073 $ — (1) Includes nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual loans by loan category follow: (Dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, 2019 2018 Agricultural $ 389 $ 393 Commercial and industrial 279 — Consumer 7 62 Commercial real estate 1,925 123 Construction real estate — — Residential real estate 973 954 $ 3,573 $ 1,532 |