Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements ASC 820 established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy categorizes the inputs into three levels with the highest priority given to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority given to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives and listed equities. Equity securities that are also classified as cash equivalents are considered Level 1 if there are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. Instruments in this category include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as over-the-counter forwards and options. Level 3 - Pricing inputs include significant inputs that have little or no observability as of the reporting date. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management's best estimate of fair value. Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety in the appropriate fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company primarily determines fair value measurements classified as Level 2 or Level 3 using a combination of the income and market valuation approaches. The process of determining the fair values is the responsibility of the derivative accounting department, which reports to the Controller and Principal Accounting Officer. Inputs used to estimate the fair value of forwards, swaps and options include market-price curves, contract terms and prices, credit-risk adjustments, and discount factors. Additionally, for options, the Black-Scholes option valuation model and implied market volatility curves are used. Inputs used to estimate fair value in industry-standard models are categorized as Level 2 inputs as substantially all assumptions and inputs are observable in active markets throughout the full term of the instruments. On a daily basis, the Company obtains quoted forward prices for the electric and natural gas markets from an independent external pricing service. The Company considers its electric and natural gas contracts as Level 2 derivative instruments as such contracts are commonly traded as over-the-counter forwards with indirectly observable price quotes. However, certain energy derivative instruments with maturity dates falling outside the range of observable price quotes or that are transacted at illiquid delivery locations are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Management's assessment is based on the trading activity in real-time and forward electric and natural gas markets. Each quarter, the Company confirms the validity of pricing-service quoted prices used to value Level 2 commodity contracts with the actual prices of commodity contracts entered into during the most recent quarter. The Company’s environmental compliance obligation is categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and is measured at fair value using a market approach based on quoted prices from an independent pricing service. Assets and Liabilities with Estimated Fair Value The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and short-term debt as reported on the balance sheet are reasonable estimates of their fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments and are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value of other investments of $45.5 million and $44.6 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 respectively, are included in "Other property and investments" on the balance sheet. These values are also reasonable estimates of their fair value and classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as they are valued based on market rates for similar transactions. The fair value of the long-term notes was estimated using the discounted cash flow method with the U.S. Treasury yields and the Company's credit spreads as inputs, interpolating to the maturity date of each issue. The carrying values and estimated fair values were as follows: Puget Energy June 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 (Dollars in Thousands) Level Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Liabilities: Long-term debt (fixed-rate), net of discount 1 2 $ 7,435,430 $ 6,972,051 $ 7,036,642 $ 6,855,503 Total liabilities $ 7,435,430 $ 6,972,051 $ 7,036,642 $ 6,855,503 Puget Sound Energy June 30, 2024 December 31, 2023 (Dollars in Thousands) Level Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Liabilities: Long-term debt (fixed-rate), net of discount 2 2 $ 5,977,685 $ 5,520,235 $ 5,184,047 $ 5,007,483 Total liabilities $ 5,977,685 $ 5,520,235 $ 5,184,047 $ 5,007,483 _______________ 1 The carrying value includes debt issuances costs of $21.3 million and $21.0 million for June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are not included in fair value. 2 The carrying value includes debt issuances costs of $21.9 million and $21.2 million for June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which are not included in fair value. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following table presents the Company's financial assets and liabilities by level, within the fair value hierarchy, that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis: Puget Energy and Fair Value Fair Value (Dollars in Thousands) Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Electric derivative instruments $ 42,719 $ 29,879 $ 72,598 $ 42,254 $ 50,774 $ 93,028 Natural gas derivative instruments 13,277 2,753 16,030 11,647 4,874 16,521 Total assets $ 55,996 $ 32,632 $ 88,628 $ 53,901 $ 55,648 $ 109,549 Liabilities: Electric derivative instruments $ 102,403 $ 26,838 $ 129,241 $ 103,427 $ 23,512 $ 126,939 Natural gas derivative instruments 51,640 731 52,371 95,875 1,023 96,898 Compliance obligations 121,091 — 121,091 168,879 — 168,879 Total liabilities $ 275,134 $ 27,569 $ 302,703 $ 368,181 $ 24,535 $ 392,716 The following table presents the Company's reconciliation of the changes in the fair value of Level 3 derivatives in the fair value hierarchy: Puget Energy and Three Months Ended June 30, (Dollars in Thousands) 2024 2023 Level 3 Roll-Forward Net Asset/(Liability) Electric Natural Gas Total Electric Natural Gas Total Balance at beginning of period $ 3,565 $ 3,397 $ 6,962 $ 69,734 $ 215 $ 69,949 Changes during period: Realized and unrealized energy derivatives: Included in earnings 1 (6,881) — (6,881) (16,296) — (16,296) Included in regulatory assets / liabilities — 65 65 — 135 135 Settlements 6,357 (1,440) 4,917 4,469 (246) 4,223 Transferred into Level 3 — — — — — — Transferred out of Level 3 — — — — — — Balance at end of period $ 3,041 $ 2,022 $ 5,063 $ 57,907 $ 104 $ 58,011 Puget Energy and Six Months Ended June 30, (Dollars in Thousands) 2024 2023 Level 3 Roll-Forward Net Asset/(Liability) Electric Natural Gas Total Electric Natural Gas Total Balance at beginning of period $ 27,262 $ 3,851 $ 31,113 $ 116,078 $ (127) $ 115,951 Changes during period: Realized and unrealized energy derivatives: Included in earnings 2 (50,898) — (50,898) (35,063) — (35,063) Included in regulatory assets / liabilities — 524 524 — 44 44 Settlements 26,677 (2,353) 24,324 (23,325) 17 (23,308) Transferred into Level 3 — — — — — — Transferred out of Level 3 — — — 217 170 387 Balance at end of period $ 3,041 $ 2,022 $ 5,063 $ 57,907 $ 104 $ 58,011 _______________ 1 Income Statement locations: Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net. Amounts include unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives still held in position as of the reporting date for electric derivatives of $(6.6) million and $(16.1) million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 2 Income Statement locations: Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net. Amounts include unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives still held in position as of the reporting date for electric derivatives of $(41.0) million and $(25.9) million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Realized gains and losses on energy derivatives for Level 3 recurring items are included in energy costs in the Company's consolidated statements of income under purchased electricity, electric generation fuel or purchased natural gas when settled. Unrealized gains and losses on energy derivatives for Level 3 recurring items are included in net unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments in the Company's consolidated statements of income. The Company does not use internally developed models to make adjustments to significant unobservable pricing inputs. The only significant unobservable input into the fair value measurement of the Company's Level 3 assets and liabilities is the forward price for electric and natural gas contracts. The weighted average price is calculated as the total market value divided by the total volume of the Company's Level 3 electric and natural gas commodity contracts, respectively, as of the reporting date. The following table presents the forward price ranges for the Company's Level 3 commodity contracts as of June 30, 2024: Puget Energy and Fair Value Range (Dollars in Thousands) Assets 1 Liabilities 1 Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Low High Weighted Average Electric $ 29,879 $ 26,838 Discounted cash flow Power prices (per MWh) $ 27.62 $ 141.83 $ 92.23 Natural gas $ 2,753 $ 731 Discounted cash flow Natural gas prices (per MMBtu) $ 2.14 $ 6.94 $ 4.50 _______________ 1 The valuation techniques, unobservable inputs and ranges are the same for asset and liability positions. The following table presents the forward price ranges for the Company's Level 3 commodity contracts as of December 31, 2023: Puget Energy and Fair Value Range (Dollars in Thousands) Assets 1 Liabilities 1 Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Low High Weighted Average Electric $ 50,774 $ 23,512 Discounted cash flow Power prices (per MWh) $ 69.51 $ 188.63 $ 99.55 Natural gas $ 4,874 $ 1,023 Discounted cash flow Natural gas prices (per MMBtu) $ 2.20 $ 6.28 $ 3.55 _______________ 1 The valuation techniques, unobservable inputs and ranges are the same for asset and liability positions. The significant unobservable inputs listed above would have a direct impact on the fair values of the above instruments if they were adjusted. Consequently, significant increases or decreases in the forward prices of electricity or natural gas in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value for Level 3 assets and liabilities. Generally, interrelationships exist between market prices of natural gas and power. As such, an increase in natural gas pricing would potentially have a similar impact on forward power markets. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, a hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in market prices of natural gas and electricity would change the fair value of the Company's derivative portfolio, classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy, by $29.2 million and $16.9 million, respectively. Long-Lived Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis Puget Energy records the fair value of its intangible assets in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” (ASC 360). The fair value assigned to the power contracts was determined using an income approach comparing the contract rate to the market rate for power over the remaining period of the contracts incorporating non-performance risk. Management also incorporated certain assumptions related to quantities and market presentation that it believes market participants would make in the valuation. The fair value of the power contracts is amortized as the contracts settle. ASC 360 requires long-lived assets to be tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. One such triggering event is a significant decrease in the forward market prices of power. As of June 30, 2024, Puget Energy completed valuation and impairment testing of its power purchase contracts classified as intangible assets and determined that no impairment was needed. These intangible assets exist as a result of the merger in 2009, at which time the consolidated assets and liabilities were revalued in accordance with ASC 805, "Business Combinations." |