LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Overall The Company's loans are reported at their outstanding principal balances net of any unearned income, cumulative charge-offs, unamortized deferred fees and costs and unamortized premiums or discounts. The Company maintains an ACL to provide for losses inherent in its portfolios. Certain loans are pledged as collateral for borrowings, securitizations, or special purpose entities ("SPEs"). These loans totaled $54.3 billion at June 30, 2016 and $59.3 billion at December 31, 2015 . Loans that the Company intends to sell are classified as loans held-for-sale ("LHFS"). The LHFS portfolio balance at June 30, 2016 was $3.3 billion , compared to $3.2 billion at December 31, 2015 . LHFS in the residential mortgage portfolio are reported at fair value. All other LHFS are accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. For a discussion on the valuation of LHFS at fair value, see Note 16 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements . During the third quarter of 2015, the Company determined that it no longer intended to hold certain personal lending assets at SC for investment. The Company adjusted the ACL associated with SC's personal loan portfolio to value the portfolio at the lower of cost or market. Upon transfer of the loans to Held for Sale, the release of the ACL was reflected as a charge off. Future loan originations and purchases under SC’s personal lending platform will also be classified as held for sale. As of June 30, 2016 , the carrying value of the personal unsecured held-for-sale portfolio was $970.7 million . On February 1, 2016 , SC completed the sale of assets from the personal unsecured held-for-sale portfolio to a third party for an immaterial gain to the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”). The balance of the loans associated with this sale was $869.3 million . Interest income on loans is accrued based on the contractual interest rate and the principal amount outstanding, except for those loans classified as non-accrual. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , accrued interest receivable on the Company's loans was $511.8 million and $521.1 million , respectively. Interest is accrued when earned in accordance with the terms of the retail installment contract. The accrual of interest is discontinued and reversed once a retail installment contract becomes 60 days past due, and is resumed and reinstated if a delinquent account subsequently becomes 60 days or less past due. A Chrysler Capital retail installment contract is considered current if the borrower has made all prior payments in full and at least 90% of the payment currently due, and a non-Chrysler Capital retail installment contract is considered current if the borrower has made all prior payments in full and at least 50% of the payment currently due. Payments generally are applied to fees first, then interest, then principal, regardless of a contract's accrual status. Retail installment contracts acquired individually are charged off against the allowance in the month in which the account becomes 120 days contractually delinquent if the Company has not repossessed the related vehicle. The Company charges off accounts in repossession when the automobile is repossessed and legally available for disposition. A net charge off represents the difference between the estimated net sales proceeds and the Company's recorded investment in the related contract. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Loan and Lease Portfolio Composition The following table presents the composition of the gross loans and leases held-for-investment by type of loan and by fixed and variable rates at the dates indicated: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Amount Percent Amount Percent (dollars in thousands) Commercial loans held-for-investment: Commercial real estate loans $ 9,252,743 11.5 % $ 8,722,917 11.0 % Commercial and industrial loans 19,615,226 24.3 % 19,787,834 24.9 % Multifamily loans 9,225,985 11.5 % 9,438,463 11.9 % Other commercial (2) 3,006,362 3.7 % 2,676,506 3.4 % Total commercial loans held-for-investment 41,100,316 51.0 % 40,625,720 51.2 % Consumer loans secured by real estate: Residential mortgages 6,227,307 7.7 % 6,230,995 7.8 % Home equity loans and lines of credit 6,078,463 7.6 % 6,151,232 7.7 % Total consumer loans secured by real estate 12,305,770 15.3 % 12,382,227 15.5 % Consumer loans not secured by real estate: Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 20,903,940 25.9 % 18,539,588 23.4 % Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 4,629,815 5.8 % 6,108,210 7.7 % Personal unsecured loans 722,215 0.9 % 685,467 0.9 % Other consumer (3) 908,720 1.1 % 1,032,580 1.3 % Total consumer loans 39,470,460 49.0 % 38,748,072 48.8 % Total loans held-for-investment (1) $ 80,570,776 100.0 % $ 79,373,792 100.0 % Total loans held-for-investment: Fixed rate $ 47,126,419 58.5 % $ 46,721,562 58.9 % Variable rate 33,444,357 41.5 % 32,652,230 41.1 % Total loans held-for-investment (1) $ 80,570,776 100.0 % $ 79,373,792 100.0 % (1) Total loans held-for-investment includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts as well as purchase accounting adjustments. These items resulted in a net increase in the loan balances of $467.3 million and $26.3 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. (2) Other commercial primarily includes commercial equipment vehicle financing ("CEVF") leveraged leases and loans. (3) Other consumer primarily includes recreational vehicles ("RV") and marine loans. Portfolio segments and classes GAAP requires that entities disclose information about the credit quality of their financing receivables at disaggregated levels, specifically defined as “portfolio segments” and “classes,” based on management’s systematic methodology for determining the ACL. The Company utilizes an alternate categorization, compared to the financial statement categorization of loans, to model and calculate the ACL and track the credit quality, delinquency and impairment status of the underlying loan populations. In disaggregating its financing receivables portfolio, the Company’s methodology begins with the commercial and consumer segments. The commercial segmentation reflects line of business distinctions. The three commercial real estate lines of business distinctions include “Corporate banking,” which includes commercial and industrial owner-occupied real estate, “Middle market real estate,” which represents the portfolio of specialized lending for investment real estate, including financing for continuing care retirement communities and “Santander real estate capital”, which is the commercial real estate portfolio of the specialized lending group. "Commercial and industrial" includes non-real estate-related commercial and industrial loans. "Multifamily" represents loans for multifamily residential housing units. “Other commercial” primarily represents the commercial equipment vehicle financing ("CEVF") business. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The following table reconciles the Company's recorded investment classified by its major portfolio classifications to its commercial loan classifications utilized in its determination of the ALLL and other credit quality disclosures at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively: Commercial Portfolio Segment (2) Major Loan Classifications (1) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Commercial loans held for investment: Commercial real estate: Corporate Banking $ 2,885,532 $ 2,949,089 Middle Market Real Estate 4,872,407 4,223,359 Santander Real Estate Capital 1,494,804 1,550,469 Total commercial real estate 9,252,743 8,722,917 Commercial and industrial (3) 19,615,226 19,787,834 Multifamily 9,225,985 9,438,463 Other commercial 3,006,362 2,676,506 Total commercial LHFI $ 41,100,316 $ 40,625,720 (1) These represent the Company's loan categories based on the SEC Regulation S-X, Article 9. (2) These represent the Company's loan classes used to determine its ALLL. (3) Commercial and industrial loans excluded $464.3 million of LHFS at June 30, 2016 and excluded $86.4 million of LHFS at December 31, 2015 . The Company's portfolio segments are substantially the same as its financial statement categorization of loans for the consumer loan populations. “Residential mortgages” includes mortgages on residential property including single family and 1-4 family units. "Home equity loans and lines of credit” include all organic home equity contracts and purchased home equity portfolios. "RIC and auto loans" includes the Company's direct automobile loan portfolios, but excludes recreational vehicle ("RV") and marine retail installment contracts ("RICs"). "Personal unsecured loans" includes personal revolving loans and credit cards. “Other consumer” includes an acquired portfolio of marine RICs and RV contracts as well as indirect auto loans. In accordance with the Company's accounting policy when establishing the collective ACL for originated loans, the Company's estimate of losses on recorded investment includes the estimate of the related net discount balance that is expected at the time of charge-off, while it considers the entire discount for loan portfolios purchased at a discount as available to absorb the credit losses when determining the ACL specific to these portfolios. For these loans, the Company records provisions for credit losses when incurred losses exceed the unaccreted purchase discount. This accounting policy is not applicable for the purchased loan portfolios acquired with evidence of credit deterioration, on which we elected to apply the FVO. Consumer Portfolio Segment (2) Major Loan Classifications (1) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Consumer loans secured by real estate: Residential mortgages (3) $ 6,227,307 $ 6,230,995 Home equity loans and lines of credit 6,078,463 6,151,232 Total consumer loans secured by real estate 12,305,770 12,382,227 Consumer loans not secured by real estate: Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated (4) 20,903,940 18,539,588 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased (4) 4,629,815 6,108,210 Personal unsecured loans (5) 722,215 685,467 Other consumer 908,720 1,032,580 Total consumer loans held-for-investment $ 39,470,460 $ 38,748,072 (1) These represent the Company's loan categories based on the SEC's Regulation S-X, Article 9. (2) These represent the Company's loan classes used to determine its ALLL. (3) Residential mortgages exclude $345.2 million and $236.8 million of LHFS at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. (4) RIC and auto loans exclude $1.5 billion and $905.7 million of LHFS at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. (5) Personal unsecured loans exclude $970.7 million and $2.0 billion of LHFS at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The RICs and auto loan portfolio is comprised of: (1) RICs originated by SC prior to the first quarter 2014 change in control and consolidation of SC (the “Change in Control"), (2) RICs originated by SC after the Change in Control, and (3) auto loans originated by SBNA. The composition of the portfolio segment is as follows: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) RICs - Purchased: UPB (1) $ 5,063,379 $ 6,709,748 UPB - FVO (2) 72,082 140,995 Total UPB 5,135,461 6,850,743 Purchase Marks (3) (505,646 ) (742,533 ) Total RICs - Purchased 4,629,815 6,108,210 RICs - Originated: UPB (1) 21,439,684 19,069,801 Net discount (552,994 ) (548,057 ) Total RICs - Originated 20,886,690 18,521,744 SBNA auto loans 17,250 17,844 Total RICs originated post-change in control 20,903,940 18,539,588 Total RICs and auto loans $ 25,533,755 $ 24,647,798 (1) UPB does not include amounts related to the loan receivables - unsecured and loan receivables from dealers due to the short-term and revolving nature of these receivables. (2) The Company elected to account for these loans, which were acquired with evidence of credit deterioration, under the FVO. (3) Includes purchase marks of $16.5 million and $33.1 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, related to purchased loan portfolios on which we elected to apply the FVO. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) ACL Rollforward by Portfolio Segment The activity in the ACL by portfolio segment for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was as follows: Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2016 Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 531,850 $ 2,903,425 $ 45,328 $ 3,480,603 (Recovery of)/Provision for loan losses (20,841 ) 634,784 — 613,943 Charge-offs (32,533 ) (1,019,659 ) — (1,052,192 ) Recoveries 21,223 611,691 — 632,914 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (11,310 ) (407,968 ) — (419,278 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 499,699 $ 3,130,241 $ 45,328 $ 3,675,268 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 172,008 $ — $ — $ 172,008 Provision for unfunded lending commitments (16,634 ) — — (16,634 ) Loss on unfunded lending commitments (166 ) — — (166 ) Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 155,208 — — 155,208 Total allowance for credit losses, end of period $ 654,907 $ 3,130,241 $ 45,328 $ 3,830,476 Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2016 Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 435,717 $ 2,679,666 $ 45,328 $ 3,160,711 Provision for loan and lease losses 90,193 1,381,418 — 1,471,611 Charge-offs (72,849 ) (2,149,073 ) — (2,221,922 ) Recoveries 46,638 1,218,230 — 1,264,868 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (26,211 ) (930,843 ) — (957,054 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 499,699 $ 3,130,241 $ 45,328 $ 3,675,268 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 147,396 $ — $ — $ 147,396 Provision for unfunded lending commitments 7,977 — — 7,977 Loss on unfunded lending commitments (165 ) — — (165 ) Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 155,208 — — 155,208 Total allowance for credit losses, end of period $ 654,907 $ 3,130,241 $ 45,328 $ 3,830,476 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ 129,084 $ 1,226,748 $ — $ 1,355,832 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 370,615 1,903,493 45,328 2,319,436 Financing receivables: Ending balance $ 41,564,581 $ 42,263,353 $ — $ 83,827,934 Ending balance, evaluated under the fair value option or lower of cost or fair value (2) 464,265 3,043,596 — 3,507,861 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (1) 628,642 4,814,931 — 5,443,573 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 40,471,674 34,404,826 — 74,876,500 (1) Consists primarily of loans in TDR status (2) Represents LHFS and those loans for which the Company has elected the FVO. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2015 Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 413,014 $ 1,796,974 $ 71,299 $ 2,281,287 Provision for / (Recovery of) loan losses 13,353 941,605 293 955,251 Charge-offs (31,846 ) (879,302 ) — (911,148 ) Recoveries 8,174 501,089 — 509,263 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (23,672 ) (378,213 ) — (401,885 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 402,695 $ 2,360,366 $ 71,592 $ 2,834,653 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 127,641 $ — $ — $ 127,641 Provision for unfunded lending commitments 10,000 — — 10,000 Loss on unfunded lending commitments — — — — Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 137,641 — — 137,641 Total allowance for credit losses, end of period $ 540,336 $ 2,360,366 $ 71,592 $ 2,972,294 Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2015 Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 401,553 $ 1,267,025 $ 33,024 $ 1,701,602 Provision for loan and lease losses 38,153 1,937,169 38,568 2,013,890 Other (1) — (27,117 ) — (27,117 ) Charge-offs (51,184 ) (1,822,278 ) — (1,873,462 ) Recoveries 14,173 1,005,567 — 1,019,740 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (37,011 ) (816,711 ) — (853,722 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 402,695 $ 2,360,366 $ 71,592 $ 2,834,653 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 132,641 $ — $ — $ 132,641 Provision for unfunded lending commitments 5,000 — — 5,000 Loss on unfunded lending commitments — — — — Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 137,641 — — 137,641 Total allowance for credit losses, end of period $ 540,336 $ 2,360,366 $ 71,592 $ 2,972,294 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) $ 60,139 $ 594,600 $ — $ 654,739 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 342,556 1,765,766 71,592 2,179,914 Financing receivables: Ending balance $ 39,001,911 $ 42,273,367 $ — $ 81,275,278 Ending balance, evaluated under the fair value option or lower of cost or fair value (3) 1,012 2,379,729 — 2,380,741 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) 407,208 3,780,458 — 4,187,666 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 38,593,691 36,113,180 — 74,706,871 (1) The "Other" amount represents the impact on the ALLL in connection with SC classifying approximately $1.0 billion of RICs as held-for-sale during the first quarter of 2015. (2) Consists primarily of loans in TDR status. (3) Represents LHFS and those loans for which the Company has elected the FVO. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The following table presents the activity in the Allowance for loan losses for the Retail Installment Contracts acquired ("Purchased") in the Change in Control and those originated by SC subsequent to the Change in Control. Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2016 Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2016 Purchased Originated Total Purchased Originated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 589,107 $ 2,137,270 $ 2,726,377 $ 590,807 $ 1,891,989 $ 2,482,796 Provision for / (Release of) loan and lease losses 47,617 572,145 619,762 121,252 1,246,565 1,367,817 Other — — — — — — Charge-offs (194,169 ) (789,788 ) (983,957 ) (458,961 ) (1,614,868 ) (2,073,829 ) Recoveries 173,068 422,813 595,881 362,525 818,754 1,181,279 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (21,101 ) (366,975 ) (388,076 ) (96,436 ) (796,114 ) (892,550 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 615,623 $ 2,342,440 $ 2,958,063 $ 615,623 $ 2,342,440 $ 2,958,063 Three Month Period Ended June 30, 2015 Six Month Period Ended June 30, 2015 Purchased Originated Total Purchased Originated Total (in thousands) Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period $ 319,231 $ 920,153 $ 1,239,384 $ 963 $ 709,024 $ 709,987 Provision for / (Release of) loan and lease losses 330,724 454,219 784,943 829,629 834,357 1,663,986 Other — — — (27,117 ) — (27,117 ) Charge-offs (399,788 ) (337,204 ) (736,992 ) (887,412 ) (656,206 ) (1,543,618 ) Recoveries 292,542 181,966 474,508 626,646 331,959 958,605 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (107,246 ) (155,238 ) (262,484 ) (260,766 ) (324,247 ) (585,013 ) Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period $ 542,709 $ 1,219,134 $ 1,761,843 $ 542,709 $ 1,219,134 $ 1,761,843 NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Non-accrual loans by Class of Financing Receivable The recorded investment in non-accrual loans disaggregated by class of financing receivables and other non-performing assets is summarized as follows: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 (in thousands) Non-accrual loans: Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking $ 68,537 $ 71,979 Middle market commercial real estate 74,799 37,745 Santander real estate capital 3,210 3,454 Commercial and industrial 248,688 85,745 Multifamily 6,845 9,162 Other commercial 10,234 2,982 Total commercial loans 412,313 211,067 Consumer: Residential mortgages 155,738 173,780 Home equity loans and lines of credit 119,135 127,171 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 766,982 701,785 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 315,414 417,276 Personal unsecured loans 207 895 Other consumer 14,041 23,125 Total consumer loans 1,371,517 1,444,032 Total non-accrual loans 1,783,830 1,655,099 Other real estate owned ("OREO") 37,432 38,959 Repossessed vehicles 183,713 172,375 Foreclosed and other repossessed assets 2,489 374 Total OREO and other repossessed assets 223,634 211,708 Total non-performing assets $ 2,007,464 $ 1,866,807 NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Age Analysis of Past Due Loans For reporting of past due loans, a payment of 90% or more of the amount due will be considered to meet the contractual requirements. For the majority of RICs, the Company considers 50% of a single payment due sufficient to qualify as a payment for past due classification purposes. The Company aggregates partial payments in determination of whether a full payment has been missed in computing past due status. The age of recorded investments in past due loans and accruing loans greater than 90 days past due disaggregated by class of financing receivables is summarized as follows: As of June 30, 2016 30-89 Greater Total Current Total (1) Recorded Investment (in thousands) Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking $ 10,463 $ 30,716 $ 41,179 $ 2,844,353 $ 2,885,532 $ — Middle market commercial real estate — 44,126 44,126 4,828,281 4,872,407 — Santander real estate capital 233 — 233 1,494,571 1,494,804 — Commercial and industrial 35,017 36,554 71,571 20,007,920 20,079,491 — Multifamily 5,335 2,245 7,580 9,218,405 9,225,985 — Other commercial 5,562 1,743 7,305 2,999,057 3,006,362 — Consumer: Residential mortgages 129,065 127,707 256,772 6,315,726 6,572,498 — Home equity loans and lines of credit 32,307 73,410 105,717 5,972,746 6,078,463 — Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 2,424,416 209,833 2,634,249 19,746,681 22,380,930 — Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 969,026 74,638 1,043,664 3,586,151 4,629,815 — Personal unsecured loans 81,586 89,642 171,228 1,521,699 1,692,927 85,765 Other consumer 27,701 22,922 50,623 858,097 908,720 — Total $ 3,720,711 $ 713,536 $ 4,434,247 $ 79,393,687 $ 83,827,934 $ 85,765 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) As of December 31, 2015 30-89 Greater Total Current Total (1) Recorded (in thousands) Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking $ 18,085 $ 30,000 $ 48,085 $ 2,901,004 $ 2,949,089 $ — Middle market commercial real estate 575 21,063 21,638 4,201,721 4,223,359 — Santander real estate capital — 654 654 1,549,815 1,550,469 — Commercial and industrial 31,067 44,032 75,099 19,799,134 19,874,233 — Multifamily 2,951 4,537 7,488 9,430,975 9,438,463 — Other commercial 3,968 2,079 6,047 2,670,459 2,676,506 — Consumer: Residential mortgages 140,323 142,510 282,833 6,184,922 6,467,755 — Home equity loans and lines of credit 28,166 79,715 107,881 6,043,351 6,151,232 — Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 2,149,480 212,569 2,362,049 17,083,248 19,445,297 — Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 1,242,545 109,258 1,351,803 4,756,407 6,108,210 — Personal unsecured loans 78,741 83,686 162,427 2,477,454 2,639,881 79,729 Other consumer 41,667 32,573 74,240 958,340 1,032,580 — Total $ 3,737,568 $ 762,676 $ 4,500,244 $ 78,056,830 $ 82,557,074 $ 79,729 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Impaired Loans by Class of Financing Receivable Impaired loans are generally defined as all TDRs plus commercial non-accrual loans in excess of $1.0 million . Impaired loans disaggregated by class of financing receivables are summarized as follows: June 30, 2016 Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Related Average (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking $ 36,629 $ 36,860 $ — $ 38,736 Middle market commercial real estate 61,467 106,415 — 69,896 Santander real estate capital 2,709 2,709 — 2,762 Commercial and industrial 40,442 41,755 — 22,039 Multifamily 12,698 13,474 — 11,083 Other commercial 908 908 — 574 Consumer: Residential mortgages 66,915 66,915 — 46,862 Home equity loans and lines of credit 52,357 52,357 — 41,719 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 9 9 — 12 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 49,886 65,993 — 62,792 Personal unsecured loans (2) 21,742 21,742 — 17,304 Other consumer 19,850 24,213 — 16,173 With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking 34,575 36,327 9,103 32,976 Middle market commercial real estate 73,941 84,730 12,954 55,994 Santander real estate capital 8,711 8,711 950 4,683 Commercial and industrial 278,813 285,073 104,864 196,086 Multifamily 966 971 653 3,310 Other commercial 7,555 7,598 560 5,386 Consumer: Residential mortgages 131,971 157,281 27,185 152,118 Home equity loans and lines of credit 51,110 65,749 4,797 61,479 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 2,218,319 2,269,720 690,186 1,772,147 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 2,185,838 2,470,349 501,109 2,319,973 Personal unsecured loans 1,585 1,897 385 1,712 Other consumer 13,935 18,926 3,086 16,299 Total: Commercial $ 559,414 $ 625,531 $ 129,084 $ 443,525 Consumer 4,813,517 5,215,151 1,226,748 4,508,590 Total $ 5,372,931 $ 5,840,682 $ 1,355,832 $ 4,952,115 (1) Recorded investment includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts as well as purchase accounting adjustments. (2) Includes LHFS. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The Company recognized interest income, not including the impact of purchase accounting adjustments, of $338.8 million for the six-month period ended June 30, 2016 on approximately $4.4 billion of TDRs that were returned to performing status as of June 30, 2016 . December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Related Average (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial real estate: Corporate banking $ 40,843 $ 43,582 $ — $ 39,289 Middle market commercial real estate 78,325 123,495 — 103,059 Santander real estate capital 2,815 2,815 — 2,899 Commercial and industrial 3,635 5,046 — 5,780 Multifamily 9,467 10,488 — 15,980 Other commercial 239 239 — 164 Consumer: Residential mortgages 26,808 26,808 — 25,108 Home equity loans and lines of credit 31,080 31,080 — 29,155 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 15 15 — 8 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 75,698 96,768 — 931,411 Personal unsecured loans 12,865 12,865 — 6,729 Other consumer 12,495 16,002 — 9,048 With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Corporate banking 31,376 32,650 6,413 45,663 Middle market commercial real estate 38,046 43,745 5,624 49,072 Santander real estate capital 654 782 98 2,266 Commercial and industrial 113,358 142,308 35,184 88,771 Multifamily 5,653 5,658 443 5,816 Other commercial 3,216 4,465 749 2,574 Consumer: Residential mortgages 172,265 200,176 25,034 151,539 Home equity loans and lines of credit 71,847 86,355 3,757 65,990 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - originated 1,325,975 1,359,585 408,208 691,244 Retail installment contracts and auto loans - purchased 2,454,108 2,773,536 454,926 1,227,054 Personal unsecured loans 1,839 2,226 430 9,158 Other consumer 18,663 23,790 3,225 17,479 Total: Commercial $ 327,627 $ 415,273 $ 48,511 $ 361,333 Consumer 4,203,658 4,629,206 895,580 3,163,923 Total $ 4,531,285 $ 5,044,479 $ 944,091 $ 3,525,256 (1) Recorded investment includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts as well as purchase accounting adjustments. The Company recognized interest income of $439.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 on approximately $3.8 billion of TDRs that were returned to performing status as of December 31, 2015 . NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Commercial Lending Asset Quality Indicators Commercial credit quality disaggregated by class of financing receivables is summarized according to standard regulatory classifications as follows: PASS. Asset is well-protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or guarantors, if any, or by the fair value less costs to acquire and sell any underlying collateral in a timely manner. SPECIAL MENTION. Asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention, which, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for an asset at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified. SUBSTANDARD. Asset is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. A well-defined weakness or weaknesses exist that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. The loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. DOUBTFUL. Exhibits the inherent weaknesses of a substandard credit. Additional characteristics exist that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and values. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the credit, an estimated loss cannot yet be determined. LOSS. Credit is considered uncollectible and of such little value that it does not warrant consideration as an active asset. There may be some recovery or salvage value, but there is doubt as to whether, how much or when the recovery would occur. Commercial loan credit quality indicators by class of financing receivables are summarized as follows: Commercial Real Estate June 30, 2016 Corporate Middle Santander Commercial and industrial Multifamily Remaining Total (1) (in thousands) Regulatory Rating: Pass $ 2,638,995 $ 4,610,178 $ 1,392,017 $ 18,780,657 $ 9,066,369 $ 2,974,771 $ 39,462,987 Special Mention 76,248 102,358 75,165 581,885 102,972 11,904 950,532 Substandard 160,420 110,631 27,622 684,355 56,244 19,460 1,058,732 Doubtful 9,869 49,240 — 32,594 400 227 92,330 Total commercial loans $ 2,885,532 $ 4,872,407 $ 1,494,804 $ 20,079,491 $ 9,225,985 $ 3,006,362 $ 41,564,581 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. Commercial Real Estate December 31, 2015 Corporate Middle Santander Commercial and industrial Multifamily Remaining Total (1) (in thousands) Regulatory Rating: Pass $ 2,627,159 $ 4,055,623 $ 1,363,031 $ 18,881,150 $ 9,114,466 $ 2,631,935 $ 38,673,364 Special Mention 99,090 29,620 144,597 492,128 249,165 28,686 1,043,286 Substandard 208,785 117,571 42,187 467,983 74,410 15,601 926,537 Doubtful 14,055 20,545 654 32,972 422 284 68,932 Total commercial loans $ 2,949,089 $ 4,223,359 $ 1,550,469 $ 19,874,233 $ 9,438,463 $ 2,676,506 $ 40,712,119 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Consumer Lending Asset Quality Indicators-Credit Score In early 2015 , the Company increased its origination volume of RICs to borrowers with limited credit bureau attributes, such as less than 36 months of history or less than four trade lines. For these borrowers, many of whom do not have a FICO ® score, other factors, such as the LexisNexis risk view score, LTV ratio, and payment-to-income ratio, are utilized to assign an internal credit score. Origination volume of these RICs was $562.0 million for the three-month period ended June 30, 2016 . The Company's credit loss allowance forecasting models are not calibrated for this higher concentration of RICs with limited bureau attributes and, accordingly, as of June 30, 2016 , the Company recorded a qualitative adjustment of $125.0 million , increasing the allowance ratio on individually acquired RICs by 0.5% of unpaid principal balance. This adjustment was necessary to increase the ACL for additional charge-offs expected on this portfolio, based on loss performance information available to date, which evidences higher losses in the first months after origination in comparison to RICs with standard credit bureau attributes. Consumer financing receivables for which either an internal or external credit score is a core component of the allowance model are summarized |