LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | =760 798,258 2.7 % — — % Total $ 29,335,220 100.0 % $ 24,966,121 100.0 % (1) Consists primarily of loans for which credit scores are not considered in the ALLL model. (2) Credit scores updated quarterly. (3) Reflects Chrysler portfolio originated for SBNA beginning in July 2018. Consumer Lending Asset Quality Indicators-FICO and LTV Ratio NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) For both residential and home equity loans, loss severity assumptions are incorporated in the loan and lease loss reserve models to estimate loan balances that will ultimately charge off. These assumptions are based on recent loss experience within various current LTV bands within these portfolios. LTVs are refreshed quarterly by applying Federal Housing Finance Agency Home price index changes at a state-by-state level to the last known appraised value of the property to estimate the current LTV. The Company's ALLL incorporates the refreshed LTV information to update the distribution of defaulted loans by LTV as well as the associated loss given default for each LTV band. Reappraisals on a recurring basis at the individual property level are not considered cost-effective or necessary; however, reappraisals are performed on certain higher risk accounts to support line management activities, default servicing decisions, or when other situations arise for which the Company believes the additional expense is warranted. Residential mortgage and home equity financing receivables by LTV and FICO range are summarized as follows: Residential Mortgages (1)(3) December 31, 2018 N/A (2) LTV<=70% 70.01-80% 80.01-90% 90.01-100% 100.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (2) $ 87,808 $ 4,465 $ — $ — $ 423 $ — $ — $ 92,696 <600 69 225,647 54,101 35,625 26,863 2,450 4,604 349,359 600-639 35 157,281 47,712 34,124 37,901 943 1,544 279,540 640-679 — 308,780 112,811 76,512 101,057 1,934 1,767 602,861 680-719 — 560,920 266,877 148,283 175,889 3,630 3,593 1,159,192 720-759 50 1,061,969 535,840 210,046 218,177 4,263 6,704 2,037,049 >=760 213 3,518,916 1,253,733 354,629 220,695 6,477 9,102 5,363,765 Grand Total $ 88,175 $ 5,837,978 $ 2,271,074 $ 859,219 $ 781,005 $ 19,697 $ 27,314 $ 9,884,462 (1) Excludes LHFS. (2) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (3) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and combined LTV ("CLTV") for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit (2) December 31, 2018 N/A (1) LTV<=70% 70.01-90% 90.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (1) $ 133,436 $ 841 $ 197 $ — $ 5 $ 134,479 <600 1,130 209,536 64,202 14,948 5,988 295,804 600-639 398 166,384 48,543 7,932 2,780 226,037 640-679 919 305,642 112,937 10,311 6,887 436,696 680-719 869 527,374 215,824 17,231 13,482 774,780 720-759 1,139 732,467 292,516 20,812 14,677 1,061,611 >=760 2,280 1,844,830 614,221 46,993 27,939 2,536,263 Grand Total $ 140,171 $ 3,787,074 $ 1,348,440 $ 118,227 $ 71,758 $ 5,465,670 (1) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (2) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. Residential Mortgages (1)(3) December 31, 2017 N/A (2) LTV<=70% 70.01-80% 80.01-90% 90.01-100% 100.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (2) $ 174,426 $ 6,759 $ 1,214 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 182,399 <600 21 220,738 55,108 35,617 23,834 2,505 6,020 343,843 600-639 45 155,920 42,420 35,009 34,331 2,696 6,259 276,680 640-679 37 320,248 94,601 90,582 86,004 3,011 2,641 597,124 680-719 98 554,058 236,408 136,916 145,545 3,955 10,317 1,087,297 720-759 92 952,532 480,900 177,700 179,648 4,760 8,600 1,804,232 >=760 588 3,019,418 1,066,103 262,490 185,579 8,418 12,594 4,555,190 Grand Total $ 175,307 $ 5,229,673 $ 1,976,754 $ 738,314 $ 654,941 $ 25,345 $ 46,431 $ 8,846,765 (1) Excludes LHFS. (2) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (3) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit (2) December 31, 2017 N/A (1) LTV<=70% 70.01-90% 90.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (1) $ 154,690 $ 536 $ 238 $ — $ — $ 155,464 <600 8,064 190,657 64,554 16,634 22,954 302,863 600-639 6,276 158,461 61,250 9,236 9,102 244,325 640-679 6,745 297,003 127,347 19,465 14,058 464,618 680-719 8,875 500,234 258,284 24,675 20,261 812,329 720-759 8,587 724,831 332,508 30,526 19,119 1,115,571 >=760 17,499 1,917,373 768,905 73,573 35,213 2,812,563 Grand Total $ 210,736 $ 3,789,095 $ 1,613,086 $ 174,109 $ 120,707 $ 5,907,733 (1) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (2) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. TDR Loans The following table summarizes the Company’s performing and non-performing TDRs at the dates indicated: (in thousands) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Performing $ 5,014,224 $ 5,860,119 Non-performing 908,128 982,868 Total (1) $ 5,922,352 $ 6,842,987 (1) Excludes LHFS. Commercial Loan TDRs All of the Company’s commercial loan modifications are based on the circumstances of the individual customer, including specific customers' complete relationships with the Company. Loan terms are modified to meet each borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time and may allow for modifications such as term extensions and interest rate reductions. Modifications for commercial loan TDRs generally, although not always, result in bifurcation of the original loan into A and B notes. The A note is restructured to al" id="sjs-B4" xml:space="preserve"> LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Overall The Company's loans are reported at their outstanding principal balances net of any cumulative charge-offs, unamortized deferred fees and costs and unamortized premiums or discounts. The Company maintains an ACL to provide for losses inherent in its portfolios. Certain loans are pledged as collateral for borrowings, securitizations, or SPEs. These loans totaled $49.5 billion at December 31, 2018 and $50.9 billion at December 31, 2017 . Loans that the Company intends to sell are classified as LHFS. The LHFS portfolio balance at December 31, 2018 was $1.3 billion , compared to $2.5 billion at December 31, 2017 . LHFS in the residential mortgage portfolio are reported at either estimated fair value (if the FVO is elected) or the lower of cost or fair value. For a discussion on the valuation of LHFS at fair value, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements . Loans under SC’s personal lending platform have been classified as HFS and adjustments to lower of cost or market are recorded through Miscellaneous income, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations . As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the carrying value of the personal unsecured HFS portfolio was $1.1 billion . Interest on loans is credited to income as it is earned. Loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and recognized as adjustments to interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations over the contractual life of the loan utilizing the interest method. Loan origination costs and fees and premiums and discounts on RICs are deferred and recognized in interest income over their estimated lives using estimated prepayment speeds, which are updated on a monthly basis. At December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , accrued interest receivable on the Company's loans was $524.0 million and $529.9 million , respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2018 , the Company sold substantially all of its mortgage warehouse facilities, which had a book value of $499.2 million for net proceeds of $515.8 million . The $16.7 million gain on sale was recognized within Miscellaneous income, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Loan and Lease Portfolio Composition The following presents the composition of the gross loans and leases HFI by portfolio and by rate type: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Amount Percent Amount Percent Commercial LHFI: Commercial real estate ("CRE") loans $ 8,704,481 10.0 % $ 9,279,225 11.5 % Commercial and industrial ("C&I") loans 15,738,158 18.1 % 14,438,311 17.9 % Multifamily loans 8,309,115 9.5 % 8,274,435 10.1 % Other commercial (2) 7,630,004 8.8 % 7,174,739 8.9 % Total commercial LHFI 40,381,758 46.4 % 39,166,710 48.4 % Consumer loans secured by real estate: Residential mortgages 9,884,462 11.4 % 8,846,765 11.0 % Home equity loans and lines of credit 5,465,670 6.3 % 5,907,733 7.3 % Total consumer loans secured by real estate 15,350,132 17.7 % 14,754,498 18.3 % Consumer loans not secured by real estate: RICs and auto loans - originated (4) 28,532,085 32.8 % 23,131,253 28.6 % RICs and auto loans - purchased 803,135 0.9 % 1,834,868 2.3 % Personal unsecured loans 1,531,708 1.8 % 1,285,677 1.6 % Other consumer (3) 447,050 0.4 % 617,675 0.8 % Total consumer loans 46,664,110 53.6 % 41,623,971 51.6 % Total LHFI (1) $ 87,045,868 100.0 % $ 80,790,681 100.0 % Total LHFI: Fixed rate $ 56,696,491 65.1 % $ 50,703,619 62.8 % Variable rate 30,349,377 34.9 % 30,087,062 37.2 % Total LHFI (1) $ 87,045,868 100.0 % $ 80,790,681 100.0 % (1) Total LHFI includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts as well as purchase accounting adjustments. These items resulted in a net increase in the loan balances of $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. (2) Other commercial includes commercial equipment vehicle financing ("CEVF") leveraged leases and loans. (3) Other consumer primarily includes RV and marine loans. (4) Beginning in 2018, the Bank has an agreement with SC by which SC provides the Bank with origination support services in connection with the processing, underwriting and purchase of RICs, primarily from Chrysler dealers. Portfolio segments and classes GAAP requires that entities disclose information about the credit quality of their financing receivables at disaggregated levels, specifically defined as “portfolio segments” and “classes,” based on management’s systematic methodology for determining the ACL. The Company utilizes similar categorization compared to the financial statement categorization of loans to model and calculate the ACL and track the credit quality, delinquency and impairment status of the underlying loan populations. In disaggregating its financing receivables portfolio, the Company’s methodology begins with the commercial and consumer segments. The commercial segmentation reflects line of business distinctions. The CRE line of business includes commercial and industrial owner-occupied real estate and specialized lending for investment real estate. The Company's allowance methodology further classifies loans in this line of business into construction and non-construction loans; however, the methodology for development and determination of the allowance is generally consistent between the two portfolios. "C&I" includes non-real estate-related C&I loans. "Multifamily" represents loans for multifamily residential housing units. “Other commercial” includes loans to global customer relationships in Latin America which are not defined as commercial or consumer for regulatory purposes. The remainder of the portfolio primarily represents the CEVF business. The Company's portfolio classes are substantially the same as its financial statement categorization of loans for consumer loan populations. “Residential mortgages” includes mortgages on residential property, including single family and 1-4 family units. "Home equity loans and lines of credit" include all organic home equity contracts and purchased home equity portfolios. "RICs and auto loans" includes the Company's direct automobile loan portfolios, but excludes RV and marine RICs. "Personal unsecured loans" includes personal revolving loans and credit cards. “Other consumer” includes an acquired portfolio of marine RICs and RV contracts as well as indirect auto loans. In accordance with the Company's accounting policy when establishing the collective ACL for originated loans, the Company's estimate of losses on recorded investment includes the estimate of the related net unaccreted discount balance that is expected at the time of charge-off, while it considers the entire unaccreted discount for loan portfolios purchased at a discount as available to absorb the credit losses when determining the ACL specific to these portfolios. This accounting policy is not applicable to the purchased loan portfolios acquired with evidence of credit deterioration, on which we elected to apply the FVO. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The RIC and auto loan portfolio is comprised of: (1) RICs originated by SC prior to the first quarter 2014 consolidation and change in control of SC (the “Change in Control"), (2) RICs originated by SC after the Change in Control, and (3) auto loans originated by SBNA. The composition of the portfolio segment is as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 RICs - Purchased HFI: Unpaid principal balance ("UPB") (1) $ 844,582 $ 1,929,548 UPB - FVO (2) 9,678 24,926 Total UPB 854,260 1,954,474 Purchase marks (3) (51,125 ) (119,606 ) Total RICs - Purchased HFI 803,135 1,834,868 RICs - Originated HFI: UPB (1) 27,049,875 23,423,031 Net discount (135,489 ) (309,920 ) Total RICs - Originated 26,914,386 23,113,111 SBNA auto loans 1,617,699 18,142 Total RICs - originated post-Change in Control 28,532,085 23,131,253 Total RICs and auto loans HFI $ 29,335,220 $ 24,966,121 (1) UPB does not include amounts related to the loan receivables - unsecured and loan receivables from dealers due to the short-term and revolving nature of these receivables. (2) The Company elected to account for these loans, which were acquired with evidence of credit deterioration, under the FVO. (3) Includes purchase marks of $2.1 million and $5.5 million related to purchase loan portfolios on which we elected to apply the FVO at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 , SC originated $7.9 billion and $6.7 billion , respectively, in Chrysler Capital loans (which excludes the SBNA originations program), which represented 46% and 47% , respectively, of the Company's total RIC originations (UPB). As of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the Company's carrying value of its auto RIC portfolio consisted of $9.0 billion and $8.2 billion , respectively, of Chrysler Capital loans (excluding the SBNA originations program), which represented 36% and 37% , respectively, of the Company's auto RIC portfolio. ACL Rollforward by Portfolio Segment The activity in the ACL by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 was as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 443,796 $ 3,504,068 $ 47,023 $ 3,994,887 Provision for loan and lease losses 45,897 2,306,896 — 2,352,793 Charge-offs (108,750 ) (4,974,547 ) — (5,083,297 ) Recoveries 60,140 2,572,607 — 2,632,747 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (48,610 ) (2,401,940 ) — (2,450,550 ) ALLL, end of period $ 441,083 $ 3,409,024 $ 47,023 $ 3,897,130 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period (2) $ 103,835 $ 5,276 $ — $ 109,111 (Release of) / Provision for reserve for unfunded lending commitments (13,647 ) 752 — (12,895 ) Loss on unfunded lending commitments (716 ) — — (716 ) Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 89,472 6,028 — 95,500 Total ACL, end of period $ 530,555 $ 3,415,052 $ 47,023 $ 3,992,630 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (1) $ 94,120 $ 1,457,174 $ — $ 1,551,294 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 346,963 1,951,850 47,023 2,345,836 Financing receivables: Ending balance $ 40,381,758 $ 47,947,388 $ — $ 88,329,146 Ending balance, evaluated under the FVO or lower of cost or fair value — 1,393,476 — 1,393,476 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (1) 444,031 5,779,998 — 6,224,029 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 39,937,727 40,773,914 — 80,711,641 (1) Consists of loans in TDR status. (2) Includes an immaterial reallocation between Commercial and Consumer for the period ending December 31, 2018. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Year Ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 449,837 $ 3,317,604 $ 47,023 $ 3,814,464 Provision for loan and lease losses 99,606 2,670,950 — 2,770,556 Other (1) 356 5,283 — 5,639 Charge-offs (144,002 ) (4,891,383 ) — (5,035,385 ) Recoveries 37,999 2,401,614 — 2,439,613 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (106,003 ) (2,489,769 ) — (2,595,772 ) ALLL, end of period $ 443,796 $ 3,504,068 $ 47,023 $ 3,994,887 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 116,866 $ 5,552 $ — $ 122,418 Release of unfunded lending commitments (10,336 ) (276 ) — (10,612 ) Loss on unfunded lending commitments (2,695 ) — — (2,695 ) Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 103,835 5,276 — 109,111 Total ACL, end of period $ 547,631 $ 3,509,344 $ 47,023 $ 4,103,998 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) $ 102,326 $ 1,824,640 $ — $ 1,926,966 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 341,470 1,679,428 47,023 2,067,921 Financing receivables: Ending balance $ 39,315,888 $ 43,997,279 $ — $ 83,313,167 Ending balance, evaluated under the FVO or lower of cost or fair value 149,177 2,420,155 — 2,569,332 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) 593,585 6,652,949 — 7,246,534 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 38,573,126 34,924,175 — 73,497,301 (1) Includes transfers in for the period ending September 30, 2017. (2) Consists of loans in TDR status. Year Ended December 31, 2016 (in thousands) Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 456,812 $ 2,742,088 $ 47,245 $ 3,246,145 Provision for loan losses 152,112 2,852,730 (222 ) 3,004,620 Charge-offs (245,399 ) (4,720,135 ) — (4,965,534 ) Recoveries 86,312 2,442,921 — 2,529,233 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (159,087 ) (2,277,214 ) — (2,436,301 ) ALLL, end of period $ 449,837 $ 3,317,604 $ 47,023 $ 3,814,464 Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period $ 143,461 $ 5,560 $ — $ 149,021 Provision for unfunded lending commitments (24,887 ) (8 ) — (24,895 ) Loss on unfunded lending commitments (1,708 ) — — (1,708 ) Reserve for unfunded lending commitments, end of period 116,866 5,552 — 122,418 Total ACL end of period $ 566,703 $ 3,323,156 $ 47,023 $ 3,936,882 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) $ 98,596 $ 1,520,375 $ — $ 1,618,971 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 351,241 1,797,229 47,023 2,195,493 Financing receivables: Ending balance $ 44,561,193 $ 43,844,900 $ — $ 88,406,093 Ending balance, evaluated under the FVO or lower of cost or fair value (1) 121,065 2,482,595 — 2,603,660 Ending balance, individually evaluated for impairment (2) 666,386 5,795,366 — 6,461,752 Ending balance, collectively evaluated for impairment 43,773,742 35,566,939 — 79,340,681 The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the RICs acquired in the Change in Control and those originated by SC subsequent to the Change in Control. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Year Ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Purchased Originated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 384,167 $ 2,862,355 $ 3,246,522 (Release of) / Provision for loan and lease losses (53,551 ) 2,278,155 2,224,604 Charge-offs (319,069 ) (4,508,583 ) (4,827,652 ) Recoveries 182,195 2,360,649 2,542,844 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (136,874 ) (2,147,934 ) (2,284,808 ) ALLL, end of period $ 193,742 $ 2,992,576 $ 3,186,318 Year Ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Purchased Originated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 559,092 $ 2,538,127 $ 3,097,219 Provision for loan and lease losses 181,698 2,332,160 2,513,858 Charge-offs (606,898 ) (4,128,249 ) (4,735,147 ) Recoveries 250,275 2,120,317 2,370,592 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (356,623 ) (2,007,932 ) (2,364,555 ) ALLL, end of period $ 384,167 $ 2,862,355 $ 3,246,522 Year ended December 31, 2016 (in thousands) Purchased Originated Total ALLL, beginning of period $ 590,807 $ 1,891,989 $ 2,482,796 Provision for loan and lease losses 309,664 2,459,588 2,769,252 Charge-offs (1,024,882 ) (3,539,153 ) (4,564,035 ) Recoveries 683,503 1,725,703 2,409,206 Charge-offs, net of recoveries (341,379 ) (1,813,450 ) (2,154,829 ) ALLL, end of period $ 559,092 $ 2,538,127 $ 3,097,219 Refer to Note 20 for discussion of contingencies and possible losses related to the impact of hurricane activity in regions where the Company has lending activities. Non-accrual loans by Class of Financing Receivable The recorded investment in non-accrual loans disaggregated by class of financing receivables and other non-performing assets is summarized as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Non-accrual loans: Commercial: CRE $ 88,500 $ 139,236 C&I 189,827 230,481 Multifamily 13,530 11,348 Other commercial 72,841 83,468 Total commercial loans 364,698 464,533 Consumer: Residential mortgages 216,815 265,436 Home equity loans and lines of credit 115,813 134,162 RICs and auto loans - originated 1,455,406 1,257,122 RICs - purchased 89,916 256,617 Personal unsecured loans 3,602 2,366 Other consumer 9,187 10,657 Total consumer loans 1,890,739 1,926,360 Total non-accrual loans 2,255,437 2,390,893 OREO 107,868 130,777 Repossessed vehicles 224,046 210,692 Foreclosed and other repossessed assets 1,844 2,190 Total OREO and other repossessed assets 333,758 343,659 Total non-performing assets $ 2,589,195 $ 2,734,552 NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Age Analysis of Past Due Loans The Company generally considers an account delinquent when an obligor fails to pay substantially all (defined as 90% ) of the scheduled payment by the due date. The age of recorded investments in past due loans and accruing loans 90 days or greater past due disaggregated by class of financing receivables is summarized as follows: As of: December 31, 2018 (in thousands) 30-89 90 Total Current Total (1) Recorded Investment Commercial: CRE $ 20,179 $ 49,317 $ 69,496 $ 8,634,985 $ 8,704,481 $ — C&I (1) 61,495 74,210 135,705 15,602,453 15,738,158 — Multifamily 1,078 4,574 5,652 8,303,463 8,309,115 — Other commercial 16,081 5,330 21,411 7,608,593 7,630,004 6 Consumer: Residential mortgages 186,222 171,265 357,487 9,741,496 10,098,983 — Home equity loans and lines of credit 58,507 79,860 138,367 5,327,303 5,465,670 — RICs and auto loans - originated 4,076,015 419,819 4,495,834 24,036,251 28,532,085 — RICs and auto loans - purchased 242,604 21,923 264,527 538,608 803,135 — Personal unsecured loans 93,675 102,463 196,138 2,404,327 2,600,465 98,973 Other consumer 16,261 13,782 30,043 417,007 447,050 — Total $ 4,772,117 $ 942,543 $ 5,714,660 $ 82,614,486 $ 88,329,146 $ 98,979 (1) Residential mortgages includes $214.5 million of LHFS at December 31, 2018 . (2) Personal unsecured loans includes $1.1 billion of LHFS at December 31, 2018 . As of December 31, 2017 (in thousands) 30-89 90 Total Current Total (1) Recorded Commercial: CRE $ 25,174 $ 100,524 $ 125,698 $ 9,153,527 $ 9,279,225 $ — C&I 49,584 75,924 125,508 14,461,981 14,587,489 — Multifamily 3,562 2,990 6,552 8,267,883 8,274,435 — Other commercial 34,021 3,359 37,380 7,137,359 7,174,739 — Consumer: Residential mortgages 217,558 210,777 428,335 8,628,600 9,056,935 — Home equity loans and lines of credit 50,919 91,975 142,894 5,764,839 5,907,733 — RICs and auto loans - originated 3,602,308 357,016 3,959,324 20,272,977 24,232,301 — RICs and auto loans - purchased 452,235 40,516 492,751 1,342,117 1,834,868 — Personal unsecured loans 85,394 105,054 190,448 2,157,319 2,347,767 96,461 Other consumer 24,879 14,220 39,099 578,576 617,675 — Total $ 4,545,634 $ 1,002,355 $ 5,547,989 $ 77,765,178 $ 83,313,167 $ 96,461 (1) C&I loans included $149.2 million of LHFS at December 31, 2017 . (2) Residential mortgages included $210.2 million of LHFS at December 31, 2017 . (3) RICs and auto loans included $1.1 billion of LHFS at December 31, 2017 . (4) Personal unsecured loans included $1.1 billion of LHFS at December 31, 2017 . NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Impaired Loans by Class of Financing Receivable Impaired loans are generally defined as all TDRs plus commercial non-accrual loans in excess of $1.0 million . Impaired loans disaggregated by class of financing receivables are summarized as follows: December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Recorded Investment (1) UPB Related Average With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: CRE $ 79,056 $ 88,960 $ — $ 102,731 C&I 25,859 36,067 — 54,200 Multifamily 18,260 19,175 — 14,074 Other commercial 7,348 7,380 — 4,058 Consumer: Residential mortgages 144,899 201,905 — 126,110 Home equity loans and lines of credit 46,069 48,021 — 49,233 RICs and auto loans - originated 1 1 — 1 RICs and auto loans - purchased 7,061 9,071 — 11,627 Personal unsecured loans 4 4 — 42 Other consumer 3,591 3,591 — 6,574 With an allowance recorded: Commercial: CRE 58,861 66,645 6,449 78,271 C&I 180,178 197,937 66,329 178,474 Multifamily — — — 3,101 Other commercial 59,914 59,914 21,342 68,813 Consumer: Residential mortgages 253,965 289,447 29,156 288,029 Home equity loans and lines of credit 60,540 71,475 4,272 62,684 RICs and auto loans - originated 4,630,614 4,652,013 1,231,164 4,742,820 RICs and auto loans - purchased 614,071 694,000 184,545 890,274 Personal unsecured loans 16,182 16,446 6,875 16,330 Other consumer 10,060 13,275 1,162 10,826 Total: Commercial $ 429,476 $ 476,078 $ 94,120 $ 503,722 Consumer 5,787,057 5,999,249 1,457,174 6,204,550 Total $ 6,216,533 $ 6,475,327 $ 1,551,294 $ 6,708,272 (1) Recorded investment includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts, as well as purchase accounting adjustments. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) The Company recognized interest income, not including the impact of purchase accounting adjustments, of $761.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018 on approximately $5.0 billion of TDRs that were in performing status as of December 31, 2018 . December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Recorded Investment (1) UPB Related Average With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: CRE $ 126,406 $ 174,842 $ — $ 139,063 C&I 82,541 96,324 — 75,338 Multifamily 9,887 10,838 — 10,129 Other commercial 767 911 — 903 Consumer: Residential mortgages 107,320 128,458 — 141,195 Home equity loans and lines of credit 52,397 54,421 — 50,635 RICs and auto loans - purchased 16,192 20,783 — 25,283 Personal unsecured loans 80 80 — 345 Other consumer 9,557 13,055 — 14,446 With an allowance recorded: Commercial: CRE 97,680 117,730 18,523 118,492 C&I 176,769 200,382 59,696 196,674 Multifamily 6,201 6,201 313 4,566 Other commercial 77,712 77,772 23,794 42,465 Consumer: Residential mortgages 322,092 392,833 40,963 303,361 Home equity loans and lines of credit 64,827 77,435 4,770 57,345 RICs and auto loans - originated 4,855,026 4,914,656 1,422,834 4,063,171 RICs and auto loans - purchased 1,166,476 1,318,306 347,663 1,511,212 Personal unsecured loans 16,477 16,661 6,259 16,668 Other consumer 11,592 15,290 2,151 12,343 Total: Commercial $ 577,963 $ 685,000 $ 102,326 $ 587,630 Consumer 6,622,036 6,951,978 1,824,640 6,196,004 Total $ 7,199,999 $ 7,636,978 $ 1,926,966 $ 6,783,634 (1) Recorded investment includes deferred loan fees, net of deferred origination costs and unamortized purchase premiums, net of discounts, as well as purchase accounting adjustments. The Company recognized interest income, not including the impact of purchase accounting adjustments, of $795.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 on approximately $5.9 billion of TDRs that were in performing status as of December 31, 2017 . Commercial Lending Asset Quality Indicators The Company's Risk Department performs a credit analysis and classifies certain loans over an internal threshold based on the commercial lending classifications described below: PASS. Asset is well-protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or guarantors, if any, or by the fair value less costs to acquire and sell any underlying collateral in a timely manner. SPECIAL MENTION. Asset has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention, which, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for an asset at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified. SUBSTANDARD. Asset is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. A well-defined weakness or weaknesses exist that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. The loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) DOUBTFUL. Exhibits the inherent weaknesses of a substandard credit. Additional characteristics exist that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and values. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the credit, an estimated loss cannot yet be determined. LOSS. Credit is considered uncollectible and of such little value that it does not warrant consideration as an active asset. There may be some recovery or salvage value, but there is doubt as to whether, how much or when the recovery would occur. Commercial loan credit quality indicators by class of financing receivables are summarized as follows: December 31, 2018 CRE C&I Multifamily Remaining Total (1) (in thousands) Rating: Pass $ 7,698,373 $ 14,518,566 $ 8,072,407 $ 7,466,419 $ 37,755,765 Special mention 628,097 772,704 204,262 67,313 1,672,376 Substandard 373,356 408,515 32,446 36,255 850,572 Doubtful 4,655 38,373 — 60,017 103,045 Total commercial loans $ 8,704,481 $ 15,738,158 $ 8,309,115 $ 7,630,004 $ 40,381,758 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. December 31, 2017 CRE C&I Multifamily Remaining Total (1) (in thousands) Rating: Pass $ 8,281,626 $ 13,176,248 $ 8,123,727 $ 7,059,627 $ 36,641,228 Special mention 645,835 941,683 105,225 29,657 1,722,400 Substandard 317,510 398,325 45,483 21,747 783,065 Doubtful 34,254 71,233 — 63,708 169,195 Total commercial loans $ 9,279,225 $ 14,587,489 $ 8,274,435 $ 7,174,739 $ 39,315,888 (1) Financing receivables include LHFS. Consumer Lending Asset Quality Indicators-Credit Score Consumer financing receivables for which either an internal or external credit score is a core component of the allowance model are summarized by credit score as follows: Credit Score Range (2) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) RICs and auto loans (3) Percent RICs and auto loans Percent No FICO ®(1) $ 3,136,449 10.7 % $ 3,429,190 13.6 % <600 14,884,385 50.7 % 13,445,032 53.9 % 600-639 5,185,412 17.7 % 4,332,278 17.4 % 640-679 4,758,394 16.2 % 3,759,621 15.1 % 680-719 289,270 1.0 % — — % 720-759 283,052 1.0 % — — % >=760 798,258 2.7 % — — % Total $ 29,335,220 100.0 % $ 24,966,121 100.0 % (1) Consists primarily of loans for which credit scores are not considered in the ALLL model. (2) Credit scores updated quarterly. (3) Reflects Chrysler portfolio originated for SBNA beginning in July 2018. Consumer Lending Asset Quality Indicators-FICO and LTV Ratio NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) For both residential and home equity loans, loss severity assumptions are incorporated in the loan and lease loss reserve models to estimate loan balances that will ultimately charge off. These assumptions are based on recent loss experience within various current LTV bands within these portfolios. LTVs are refreshed quarterly by applying Federal Housing Finance Agency Home price index changes at a state-by-state level to the last known appraised value of the property to estimate the current LTV. The Company's ALLL incorporates the refreshed LTV information to update the distribution of defaulted loans by LTV as well as the associated loss given default for each LTV band. Reappraisals on a recurring basis at the individual property level are not considered cost-effective or necessary; however, reappraisals are performed on certain higher risk accounts to support line management activities, default servicing decisions, or when other situations arise for which the Company believes the additional expense is warranted. Residential mortgage and home equity financing receivables by LTV and FICO range are summarized as follows: Residential Mortgages (1)(3) December 31, 2018 N/A (2) LTV<=70% 70.01-80% 80.01-90% 90.01-100% 100.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (2) $ 87,808 $ 4,465 $ — $ — $ 423 $ — $ — $ 92,696 <600 69 225,647 54,101 35,625 26,863 2,450 4,604 349,359 600-639 35 157,281 47,712 34,124 37,901 943 1,544 279,540 640-679 — 308,780 112,811 76,512 101,057 1,934 1,767 602,861 680-719 — 560,920 266,877 148,283 175,889 3,630 3,593 1,159,192 720-759 50 1,061,969 535,840 210,046 218,177 4,263 6,704 2,037,049 >=760 213 3,518,916 1,253,733 354,629 220,695 6,477 9,102 5,363,765 Grand Total $ 88,175 $ 5,837,978 $ 2,271,074 $ 859,219 $ 781,005 $ 19,697 $ 27,314 $ 9,884,462 (1) Excludes LHFS. (2) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (3) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and combined LTV ("CLTV") for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit (2) December 31, 2018 N/A (1) LTV<=70% 70.01-90% 90.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (1) $ 133,436 $ 841 $ 197 $ — $ 5 $ 134,479 <600 1,130 209,536 64,202 14,948 5,988 295,804 600-639 398 166,384 48,543 7,932 2,780 226,037 640-679 919 305,642 112,937 10,311 6,887 436,696 680-719 869 527,374 215,824 17,231 13,482 774,780 720-759 1,139 732,467 292,516 20,812 14,677 1,061,611 >=760 2,280 1,844,830 614,221 46,993 27,939 2,536,263 Grand Total $ 140,171 $ 3,787,074 $ 1,348,440 $ 118,227 $ 71,758 $ 5,465,670 (1) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (2) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. Residential Mortgages (1)(3) December 31, 2017 N/A (2) LTV<=70% 70.01-80% 80.01-90% 90.01-100% 100.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (2) $ 174,426 $ 6,759 $ 1,214 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 182,399 <600 21 220,738 55,108 35,617 23,834 2,505 6,020 343,843 600-639 45 155,920 42,420 35,009 34,331 2,696 6,259 276,680 640-679 37 320,248 94,601 90,582 86,004 3,011 2,641 597,124 680-719 98 554,058 236,408 136,916 145,545 3,955 10,317 1,087,297 720-759 92 952,532 480,900 177,700 179,648 4,760 8,600 1,804,232 >=760 588 3,019,418 1,066,103 262,490 185,579 8,418 12,594 4,555,190 Grand Total $ 175,307 $ 5,229,673 $ 1,976,754 $ 738,314 $ 654,941 $ 25,345 $ 46,431 $ 8,846,765 (1) Excludes LHFS. (2) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (3) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. NOTE 4. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (continued) Home Equity Loans and Lines of Credit (2) December 31, 2017 N/A (1) LTV<=70% 70.01-90% 90.01-110% LTV>110% Grand Total FICO Score (dollars in thousands) N/A (1) $ 154,690 $ 536 $ 238 $ — $ — $ 155,464 <600 8,064 190,657 64,554 16,634 22,954 302,863 600-639 6,276 158,461 61,250 9,236 9,102 244,325 640-679 6,745 297,003 127,347 19,465 14,058 464,618 680-719 8,875 500,234 258,284 24,675 20,261 812,329 720-759 8,587 724,831 332,508 30,526 19,119 1,115,571 >=760 17,499 1,917,373 768,905 73,573 35,213 2,812,563 Grand Total $ 210,736 $ 3,789,095 $ 1,613,086 $ 174,109 $ 120,707 $ 5,907,733 (1) Residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit in the "N/A" range for LTV or FICO score primarily represent the balance on loans serviced by others, in run-off portfolios or for which a current LTV or FICO score is unavailable. (2) Allowance model considers LTV for financing receivables in first lien position for the Company and CLTV for financing receivables in second lien position for the Company. TDR Loans The following table summarizes the Company’s performing and non-performing TDRs at the dates indicated: (in thousands) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Performing $ 5,014,224 $ 5,860,119 Non-performing 908,128 982,868 Total (1) $ 5,922,352 $ 6,842,987 (1) Excludes LHFS. Commercial Loan TDRs All of the Company’s commercial loan modifications are based on the circumstances of the individual customer, including specific customers' complete relationships with the Company. Loan terms are modified to meet each borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time and may allow for modifications such as term extensions and interest rate reductions. Modifications for commercial loan TDRs generally, although not always, result in bifurcation of the original loan into A and B notes. The A note is restructured to al |