(d) If, after the receipt by Employee of an amount advanced by the Company pursuant to Article 6, Employee becomes entitled to receive any refund with respect to such claim, Employee shall (subject to the Company’s complying with the requirements of Article 6(c)) immediately thereafter pay to the Company the amount of such refund (together with any interest paid or credited thereon after taxes applicable thereto). If, after the receipt by Employee of an amount advanced by the Company pursuant to Section 6(c), a determination is made that Employee shall not be entitled to any refund with respect to such claim and the Company does not notify Employee in writing of its intent to contest such denial of refund prior to the expiration of thirty (30) days after such determination, then such advance shall be forgiven and shall not be required to be repaid and the amount of such advance shall offset, to the extent thereof, the amount of Gross-Up Payment required to be paid.
(e) In the event that any state or municipality or subdivision thereof shall subject any Payment to any special tax which shall be in addition to the generally applicable income tax imposed by such state, municipality, or subdivision with respect to receipt of such Payment, the foregoing provisions of this Article 6 shall apply, mutatis mutandis, with respect to such special tax.
7. Confidential Information, etc.
(a) Employee recognizes and acknowledges that: (i) in the course of Employee’s employment by the Company it will be necessary for Employee to acquire information which could include, in whole or in part, information concerning the Company’s sales, sales volume, sales methods, sales proposals, customers and prospective customers, identity of customers and prospective customers, identity of key purchasing personnel in the employ of customers and prospective customers, amount or kind of customers’ purchases from the Company, the Company’s sources of supply, computer programs, system documentation, special hardware, product hardware, related software development, manuals, formulae, processes, methods, machines, compositions, ideas, improvements, inventions or other confidential or proprietary information belonging to the Company or relating to the Company’s affairs (collectively referred to herein as the “Confidential Information”); (ii) the Confidential Information is the property of the Company; (iii) the use, misappropriation or disclosure of the Confidential Information would constitute a breach of trust and could cause irreparable injury to the Company; and (iv) it is essential to the protection of the Company’s good will and to the maintenance of the Company’s competitive position that the Confidential Information be kept secret and that Employee not disclose the Confidential Information to others or use the Confidential Information to Employee’s own advantage or the advantage of others.
(b) Employee further recognizes and acknowledges that it is essential for the proper protection of the business of the Company that Employee be restrained (i) from soliciting or inducing any Employee of the Company or of any subsidiary of the Company (as used in Articles 7, 8 and 9, collectively, the “Company”) to leave the employ of the Company, (ii) from hiring or attempting to hire any Employee of the Company, (iii) from soliciting the trade of or trading with the customers and suppliers of the Company for any business purpose, and (iv) from competing against the Company for a reasonable period.
8. Confidentiality, Non-compete and Related Covenants.
(a) Employee agrees to hold and safeguard the Confidential Information in trust for the Company, its successors and assigns and agrees that he or she shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company, disclose or make available to anyone for use outside the Company at any time, either during his or her employment by the Company or subsequent to the termination of his employment by the Company for any reason, including without limitation termination by the Company in a Termination for Cause or otherwise, any of the Confidential Information, whether or not developed by Employee, except as required in the performance of Employee’s duties to the Company.
(b) Upon the termination of Employee’s employment by the Company or by Employee for any reason, including without limitation termination by the Company in a termination for Cause or otherwise, Employee shall promptly deliver to the Company all originals and copies of correspondence, drawings, blueprints, financial and business records, marketing and publicity materials, manuals, letters, notes, notebooks, reports, flow-charts, programs, proposals and any documents concerning the Company’s customers or concerning products or processes used by the Company and, without limiting the foregoing, shall promptly deliver to the Company any and all other documents or materials containing or constituting Confidential Information.
(c) Employee agrees that during his employment by the Company he shall not, directly or indirectly, solicit the trade of, or trade with, any customer, prospective customer or supplier of the Company for any business purpose other than for the benefit of the Company. Upon termination of Employee’s employment by the Company or by Employee for any reason, including without limitation termination by the Company in a termination for Cause or otherwise, Employee further agrees that during the Severance Period or for a period of two years after such termination of employment hereunder, whichever is longer, Employee shall not, directly or indirectly, solicit the trade of, or trade with, any customers or suppliers, or prospective customers or suppliers, of the Company, or solicit or induce, or attempt to solicit or induce, any employee of the Company to leave the Company for any reason whatsoever or hire any employee of the Company.
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(d) During the period of Employee’s employment hereunder and upon termination of Employee’s employment by the Company or by Employee for any reason, including without limitation termination by the Company in a termination for Cause or otherwise, Employee agrees that during the Severance Period or for a period of two years after such termination of employment hereunder, whichever is longer, Employee shall not, in any Competitive Territory, engage, directly or indirectly, whether as principal or as agent, officer, director, employee, consultant, shareholder or otherwise, alone or in association with any other person, corporation or other entity, in any Competing Business. For purposes of this Agreement, (i) the term “Competing Business” shall mean any person, corporation or other entity which sells or attempts to sell any products or services which are the same as or similar to the products and services sold by the Company at any time and from time to time during the last two years prior to the termination of Employee’s employment hereunder, and (ii) the term “Competitive Territory” shall mean the United States of America, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Japan and any other nation in which, to the knowledge of Employee, the Company has made or considered making such sales, either itself or through a subsidiary, affiliate or joint venture partner, during the last two years prior to the termination of Employee’s employment hereunder.
(e) Prior to accepting employment during the non-compete period referred to herein, Employee shall notify the Company in order to determine if the position Employee is seeking violates this Agreement.
9. Injunctive and other relief.
(a) Employee represents that his or her experience and capabilities are such that the Articles 7 and 8 will not prevent him or her from earning his livelihood, and acknowledges that it would cause the Company serious and irreparable injury and cost if Employee were to use his or her ability and knowledge in competition with the Company or to otherwise breach the obligations contained in said paragraphs.
(b) In the event of a breach by Employee of the terms of this Agreement, the Company shall be entitled, if it shall so elect, to institute legal proceedings to obtain damages for any such breach, or to enforce the specific performance of this Agreement by Employee and to enjoin Employee from any further violation of this Agreement and to exercise such remedies cumulatively or in conjunction with all other rights and remedies provided by law. Employee acknowledges, however, that the remedies at law for any breach by him or her of the provisions of this Agreement may be inadequate and that the Company shall be entitled to injunctive relief against him or her in the event of any breach whether or not the Company may also be entitled to recover damages hereunder.
(c) It is the intention of the parties that the provisions of paragraphs 7 and 8 hereof shall be enforceable to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, but that the unenforceability (or modification to conform to such law) of any provision or provisions hereof shall not render unenforceable, or impair, the remainder thereof. If any provision or provisions hereof shall be deemed invalid or unenforceable, either in whole or in part, this Agreement shall be deemed amended to delete or modify, as necessary, the offending provision or provisions and to alter the bounds thereof in order to render it valid and enforceable.
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10. Arbitration.
Any dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the breach, termination or validate hereof, other than actions for specific performance or an injunction under Article 9, shall be finally settled by arbitration conducted expeditiously in accordance with the Center for Public Resources Rules for Non-Administered Arbitration of Business Disputes by three independent and impartial arbitrators. Each party shall appoint one of such arbitrators, and the two arbitrators so appointed shall appoint the third arbitrator. The arbitration shall be governed by the United States Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. §§ 1-16, and judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrators may be entered by any court having jurisdiction thereof The place of arbitration shall be Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The arbitrators are not empowered to award damages in excess of compensatory damages and each party hereby irrevocably waives any damages in excess of compensatory damages.
11. Governing Law.
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
12. Amendments, waivers, etc.
No amendment of any provision of this Agreement, and no postponement or waiver of any such provision or of any default, misrepresentation, or breach of warranty or covenant hereunder, whether intentional or not, shall be valid unless such amendment, postponement or waiver is in writing and signed by or on behalf of the Company and Employee. No such amendment, postponement or waiver shall be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent matter, whether or not similar to the subject matter of such amendment, postponement or waiver. No failure or delay on the part of the Company or Employee in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege.
13. Assignment.
The rights and duties of the Company under this Agreement may be transferred to, and shall be binding upon, any person or company which acquires or is a successor to the Company, its business or a significant portion of the assets of the Company by merger, purchase or otherwise, and the Company shall require any such acquirer or successor by agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Employee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company, as the case may be, would be required to perform if no such acquisition or succession had taken place. Regardless of whether such agreement is executed, this Agreement shall be binding upon any acquirer or successor in accordance with the operation of law and such acquirer or successor shall be deemed the “Company”, as the case may be, for purposes of this Agreement. Except as otherwise provided in this Article 13, neither the Company nor Employee may transfer any of their respective rights and duties hereunder except with the written consent of the other party hereto.
14. Interpretation, etc.
The Company and Employee have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. If an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the Company and Employee and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring the Company or Employee because of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement. The word “including” shall mean including without limitation. The rights and remedies expressly specified in this Agreement are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies which either party would otherwise have. The Article headings hereof are for convenience only and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “termination” when used in the context of a condition to, or timing of, payment hereunder shall be interpreted to mean a “separation from service” as that term is used in Section 409A of the Code.
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15. Integration; counterparts.
This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties and supersedes any prior understandings, agreements or representations by or among the parties, written or oral, to the extent they relate to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. It shall not be necessary in making proof of this Agreement to produce or account for more than one such counterpart.
16. Litigation Costs.
In the event that it shall be necessary or desirable for Employee to retain legal counsel in connection with any litigation related to this Agreement, and provided that (x) there is no determination by a court of competent jurisdiction or arbitrators that Employee’s positions in such litigation were taken in bad faith or (y) the employment of Employee was not terminated for Cause under subsections (i), (ii), (iii) or (vi) of Section 3(c), the Company shall pay (or Employee shall be entitled to recover from the Company, as the case may be) Employee’s reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with such litigation. Such legal fees shall be reimbursed or paid on a monthly basis, payable on the first of each month, for such legal fees and expenses billed to the Employee for services actually rendered in the prior month and submitted for reimbursement by the end of such month; provided, however, that in any event such reimbursements shall be made within 2 1/2 months following the end of the year in which the expenses were incurred. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such payments may be made to the Employee until the first day following the six (6) month anniversary of the Employee’s termination.
17. Indemnification and Insurance.
The Company shall defend and hold Employee harmless to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in connection with any claim, action, suit, investigation or proceeding arising out of or relating to performance by Employee of services for, or action of Employee as a director, officer or employee of the Company, or of any other person or enterprise at the request of the Company. Expenses incurred by Employee in defending a claim, action, suit or investigation or criminal proceeding shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition thereof upon the receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Executive to repay said amount unless it shall ultimately be determined that Employee is entitled to be indemnified hereunder. The foregoing shall be in addition to any indemnification rights Employee may have by law, contract, charter, by-law or otherwise. Employee shall be covered under any director and officer liability insurance purchased or maintained by the Company on a basis no less favorable than the Company makes available to peer executives. After the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Company shall maintain in effect and shall provide to Employee director and officer liability insurance coverage that is no less favorable to Employee than that coverage in effect immediately prior to such Change of Control.
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WITNESS the due execution hereof as of the date first above written.
Attest: | | CALGON CARBON CORPORATION |
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Witness: | | | |
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Employee | | Salary | | Date Signed | |
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Leroy M. Ball | | $ | 225,750 | | | February 21, 2007 | |
Gail G. Gerono | | $ | 142,000 | | | February 2, 2007 | |
Robert P. O’Brien | | $ | 219,100 | | | February 21, 2007 | |
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