INCOME TAXES | INCOME TAXES Cadence’s income before provision (benefit) for income taxes included income from the United States and from foreign subsidiaries for fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019, was as follows: 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) United States $ 376,037 $ 256,032 $ 139,306 Foreign subsidiaries 392,398 376,716 339,662 Total income before provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 768,435 $ 632,748 $ 478,968 Cadence’s provision (benefit) for income taxes was comprised of the following items for fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019: 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Current: Federal $ 19,957 $ 15,083 $ 15,282 State and local 25,246 6,401 2,716 Foreign 70,455 46,737 48,729 Total current 115,658 68,221 66,727 Deferred: Federal (16,415) (11,155) (9,001) State and local (30,406) (24,186) 6,593 Foreign 3,643 9,224 (574,330) Total deferred (43,178) (26,117) (576,738) Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 72,480 $ 42,104 $ (510,011) During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, Cadence recognized a tax benefit of approximately $10.5 million due to a release of the valuation allowance on our Massachusetts research and development tax credit deferred tax assets. Cadence expects to utilize these tax credits prior to expiration based on strong current earnings and future taxable income projections. During the third quarter of fiscal 2020, Cadence recognized a tax benefit of approximately $22.2 million due to a partial release of the valuation allowance on our California research and development tax credit deferred tax assets as a result of certain tax elections made in Cadence’s 2019 California tax return. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019, Cadence completed intercompany transfers of certain intangible property rights to its Irish subsidiary, which resulted in the establishment of a deferred tax asset and the recognition of an income tax benefit of $575.6 million. Cadence expected to realize the Irish deferred tax asset in future years and did not provide for a valuation allowance. Cadence considered all available positive and negative evidence, including its past operating results, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, and any prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in making this determination. The provision for income taxes differs from the amount estimated by applying the United States statutory federal income tax rates of 21% to income before provision (benefit) for income taxes for fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019 as follows: 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Provision computed at federal statutory income tax rate $ 161,880 $ 132,877 $ 100,583 State and local income tax, net of federal tax effect 24,640 20,936 23,221 Intercompany transfers of intangible property rights — — (575,618) Foreign income tax rate differential (26,887) (32,589) (37,786) Foreign-derived intangible income deduction (22,050) (3,762) (1,201) U.S. tax on foreign entities 51,112 43,615 57,225 Stock-based compensation (55,091) (51,226) (29,785) Change in deferred tax asset valuation allowance (8,262) (9,101) 16,796 Tax credits (90,054) (89,684) (87,793) Non-deductible research and development expense 4,443 5,163 4,363 Withholding taxes 23,495 17,189 15,865 Other 9,254 8,686 4,119 Provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 72,480 $ 42,104 $ (510,011) Effective tax rate 9 % 7 % (106) % The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following as of January 1, 2022 and January 2, 2021: As of January 1, January 2, (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Tax credit carryforwards $ 147,248 $ 197,436 Reserves and accruals 72,287 60,272 Intangible assets 568,199 578,267 Capitalized research and development expense for income tax purposes 34,467 39,427 Operating loss carryforwards 6,630 5,935 Deferred income 42,753 21,170 Capital loss carryforwards 16,957 16,944 Stock-based compensation costs 17,690 14,656 Depreciation and amortization 5,005 4,402 Investments 6,833 2,521 Lease liability 27,362 31,278 Prepaid expenses 53,893 — Total deferred tax assets 999,324 972,308 Valuation allowance (108,158) (116,419) Net deferred tax assets 891,166 855,889 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangible assets (55,178) (44,549) Undistributed foreign earnings (45,460) (41,957) ROU assets (27,362) (31,278) Other (8,528) (10,749) Total deferred tax liabilities (136,528) (128,533) Total net deferred tax assets $ 754,638 $ 727,356 During fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 Cadence maintained valuation allowances of $108.2 million, $116.4 million, and $125.5 million, respectively, on certain federal, state and foreign deferred tax assets because the realization of these deferred tax assets require future income of a specific character or amount that Cadence considered uncertain. The valuation allowance primarily relates to the following: • Tax credits in certain states that are accumulating at a rate greater than Cadence’s capacity to utilize the credits and tax credits in certain states where it is likely the credits will expire unused; • Federal, state and foreign deferred tax assets related to investments and capital losses that can only be utilized against gains that are capital in nature; and • Foreign tax credits that can only be fully utilized if Cadence has sufficient income of a specific character in the future. The valuation allowance decreased by $8.3 million during fiscal 2021, decreased by $9.1 million during fiscal 2020 and increased by $16.8 million during fiscal 2019. The valuation allowance activity was primarily related to state research and development tax credits and certain foreign tax credits. As of January 1, 2022, Cadence’s operating loss carryforwards were as follows: Amount Expiration Periods (In thousands) Federal $ 428 from 2027 through 2033 California 27,044 from 2025 through 2038 Other states (tax effected, net of federal benefit) 1,174 from 2022 through 2037 Foreign (tax effected) 3,478 from 2030 through indefinite As of January 1, 2022, Cadence had tax credit carryforwards of: Amount Expiration Periods (In thousands) Federal* $ 46,743 from 2029 through 2041 California 77,651 indefinite Other states 14,361 from 2025 through indefinite Foreign 27,814 from 2037 through indefinite _____________ *Certain of Cadence’s foreign tax credits have yet to be realized and as a result do not yet have an expiration period. Examinations by Tax Authorities Taxing authorities regularly examine Cadence’s income tax returns. As of January 1, 2022, Cadence’s earliest tax years that remain open to examination and the assessment of additional tax include: Jurisdiction Earliest Tax Year Open to Examination United States – Federal 2017 United States – California 2015 Ireland 2017 Israel 2016 Korea 2016 Unrecognized Tax Benefits The changes in Cadence’s gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits during fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning of the fiscal year $ 113,021 $ 106,041 $ 101,857 Gross amount of the increases (decreases) in unrecognized tax benefits of tax positions taken during a prior year* 15,414 5,037 (3,143) Gross amount of the increases in unrecognized tax benefits as a result of tax positions taken during the current year 5,100 3,344 8,951 Amount of decreases in unrecognized tax benefits relating to settlements with taxing authorities, including the utilization of tax attributes (270) (1,316) (380) Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits resulting from the lapse of the applicable statute of limitations (2,778) (676) (1,692) Effect of foreign currency translation 43 591 448 Unrecognized tax benefits at the end of the fiscal year $ 130,530 $ 113,021 $ 106,041 Total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if upon resolution of the uncertain tax positions would reduce Cadence’s effective tax rate $ 79,654 $ 66,010 $ 61,527 _____________ * Includes unrecognized tax benefits of tax positions recorded in connection with acquisitions Cadence is currently under examination or contesting proposed adjustments by various domestic and international taxing authorities. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax positions could decrease by approximately $20.6 million during the next 12 months. The potential decrease could be primarily driven by settlements with tax authorities. The actual amount could vary significantly depending on the ultimate timing and nature of any settlements. The total amounts of interest, net of tax, and penalties recognized in the consolidated income statements as provision (benefit) for income taxes for fiscal 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Interest $ 1,171 $ 473 $ 490 Penalties (11) (3) 19 The total amounts of gross accrued interest and penalties recognized in the consolidated balance sheets as of January 1, 2022 and January 2, 2021 were as follows: As of January 1, January 2, (In thousands) Interest $ 4,921 $ 3,555 Penalties — 12 |