EXHIBIT 3(c)
VIACOM INC.
AMENDED AND RESTATED
BY-LAWS
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. The registered offices shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware.
Section 2. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the state of Delaware as the board of directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Meetings of stockholders may be held at such time and place, within and without the State of Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a valid waiver of notice thereof. The annual meeting of stockholders may be held at such place, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated by the board of directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2. The annual meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such date and hour as shall be determined by the board of directors or, in the absence of such determination, on the third Thursday of the ninth month after the month end most nearly coinciding with the close of the fiscal year of the Corporation.
Section 3. Notice of the annual meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given by any lawful means to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting.
Section 4. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. The list shall also be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.
Section 5. Special meeting of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may be called by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President and Chief Operating Office or Secretary at the request in writing of the holders of record of at least 50.1%
of the aggregate voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors, acting together as a single class. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.
Section 6. Notice of a special meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting and the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given, in writing or by electronic transmission, not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting.
Section 7. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
Section 8. The holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares of the capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
Section 9. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the aggregate voting power of the shares of the capital stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by provision of applicable law or of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is required in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.
Section 10. At every meeting of the stockholders, each stockholder shall be entitled to vote, in person or by a valid proxy given by the stockholder or his duly authorized attorney-in-fact, each share of the capital stock having voting power held by such stockholder in accordance with the provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and, if applicable, the certificate of designations relating thereto, but no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.
Section 11. Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing (or deemed to be in writing under applicable law), setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by stockholders (or deemed to be signed by stockholders under applicable law) representing not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such actions at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote theron were present and voted and shall be delivered and dated as required by law. Prompt notice of the taking of such action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing. The Secretary shall file such consents with the minutes of the meetings of the stockholders.
Section 12. At all meetings of stockholders, the chairman of the meeting shall have absolute authority over matters of procedure, and there shall be no appeal from the ruling of the chairman.
2
Section 13. Attendance of a stockholder, in person or by proxy, at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where the stockholder, in person or by proxy, attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. The number of directors which shall constitute the entire Board of Directors shall be fixed as set forth in Article V of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Directors shall have such qualifications as may be prescribed by these by-laws.
Section 2. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of capital stock of the Corporation then outstanding (other than Common Stock), vacancies in the board of directors for any reason, including by reason of an increase in the authorized number of directors, shall, if occurring prior to the expiration of the term of office in which the vacancy occurs, be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation or until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced. If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute.
Section 3. The property and business of the Corporation shall be controlled and managed in accordance with the terms of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation by its board of directors which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 4. The board of directors of the Corporation, or any committees thereof, may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware.
Section 5. A regular annual meeting of the board of directors, including newly elected directors, shall be held immediately after each annual meeting of stockholders at the place of such stockholders' meeting, and no notice of such meeting to the directors shall be necessary in order legally to constitute the meeting, provided a quorum shall be present. If such meeting is held at any other time or place, notice thereof must be given or waived as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the board of directors.
Section 6. Additional regular meetings of the board of directors shall be held on such dates and at such times and at such places as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors.
Section 7. The Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation and the Secretary may call a special meeting of the board of directors at any time by giving notice as provided in these by-laws, specifying the business to be transacted at and the purpose or purposes of the meeting, to each member of the board at least twenty-four (24) hours before the time appointed.
Section 8. At all meetings of the board a majority of the full board of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at
3
which there is a quorum shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the board of directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.
Section 9. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, setting forth the action so taken, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee.
Section 10. Unless otherwise restricted by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, members of the board of directors, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment whereby all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
Section 11. Designation of Committees. The board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The board of directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.
Section 12. Vacancies. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.
Section 13. Powers. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors to the extent provided by Section 141(c) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as it exists now or may hereafter be amended.
Section 14. Minutes. Each committee of the board of directors shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 15. Unless otherwise restricted by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors. All directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of directors, and directors who are not full-time employees of the Corporation may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors, and/or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation and expenses for attending committee meetings.
4
REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
Section 16. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock or any other class of capital stock of the Corporation (other than the Common Stock) then outstanding, (a) any director, or the entire board of directors, may be removed from office at any time prior to the expiration of his term of office, with or without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of record of outstanding shares representing at least a majority of all the aggregate voting power of outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation then entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class at a special meeting of stockholders called expressly for that purpose; provided that, any director may be removed from office by the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire board of directors, at any time prior to the expiration of his term of office, as provided by law, in the event a director fails to meet the qualifications stated in these by-laws for election as a director or in the event such director is in breach of any agreement between such director and the Corporation relating to such director's service as a director or employee of the Corporation.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 17. The Corporation shall have the right to indemnify directors, officers and agents of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware and by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as both may be amended from time to time.
ARTICLE IV
NOTICES
Section 1. Whenever, under the provisions of applicable law or of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these by-laws, notice is required to be given to any director or stockholder, it shall be construed to mean written or printed notice given either personally or by mail or wire addressed to such director or stockholder, at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage or other charges thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail or at the appropriate office for transmission by wire. Notice to stockholders may also be given by electronic transmission in the manner and to the extent provided by Section 232 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Notice to directors may also be given by telephone or by electronic transmission.
Section 2. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of applicable law or of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or of these by-laws, a waiver thereof in writing or by electronic transmission, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.
Section 3. Attendance at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice except where a director or stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
Section 4. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular meeting of the board of directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.
5
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the board of directors at its first meeting after each annual meeting of the stockholders and shall be a President and Chief Operating Officer, a Treasurer and a Secretary. The board of directors may also elect a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice Chairmen of the Board and Vice Presidents and one or more Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, except that the offices of President and Chief Operating Officer and Secretary shall not be held by the same person. Vice Presidents may be given distinctive designations such as Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President.
Section 2. The board of directors may elect such other officers and agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the board of directors.
Section 3. The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until their successors are elected or appointed and qualify or until their earlier resignation or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the board of directors may be removed at any time with or without cause by the affirmative vote of majority of the whole board of directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the board of directors.
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD
Section 4. The Chairman of the Board, if any shall be elected, shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors and the stockholders and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors.
VICE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD
Section 5. The Vice Chairman of the Board, if any shall be elected, or if there be more than one, the Vice Chairmen of the Board in order of their election, shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, or in case the Chairman of the Board shall resign, retire, become deceased or otherwise cease or be unable to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board. In addition, the Vice Chairman of the Board shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors.
THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
Section 6. The Chief Executive Officer, in consultation with the President and Chief Operating Officer, shall be generally responsible for overseeing the affairs of the Corporation and will have full and final decision making authority over corporate policy and strategy. The President and Chief Operating Officer shall consult on all matters within his authority with, and shall report directly and solely to, the Chief Executive Officer.
6
THE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER
Section 7. The President and Chief Operating Officer shall have full authority over the operations of the Corporation. The President and Chief Operating Officer shall consult with the Chief Executive Officer on all matters within his authority. The authority of the President and Chief Operating Officer shall include, without limitation:
- (i)
- supervising, coordinating and managing the Corporation's business, operations, activities, operating expenses and capital allocation;
- (ii)
- matters relating to officers (other than the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President and Chief Operating Officer) and employees, including, without limitation, hiring, terminating, changing positions and allocating responsibilities of such officers and employees (except as otherwise agreed by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the President and Chief Operating Officer); and
- (iii)
- substantially all of the powers, rights, functions and responsibilities typically exercised by a chief operating officer.
All officers (other than the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President and Chief Operating Officer) will report, directly or indirectly, to the President and Chief Operating Officer.
THE VICE-PRESIDENTS
Section 8. The Vice-Presidents shall have such powers and perform such duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer.
THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY
Section 9. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Corporation and of the board of directors in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees of the board of directors when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and the special meetings of the board of directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation and he, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by his signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The board of directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature.
Section 10. The Assistant Secretary, if any shall be elected, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors or the President and Chief Operating Officer.
7
THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS
Section 11. The Treasurer, under the supervision of the President and Chief Operating Officer, shall have charge of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep or cause to be kept full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositaries as may be designated by or at the direction of the board of directors.
Section 12. The Treasurer shall disburse or cause to be disbursed the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by or at the direction of the President and Chief Operating Officer or the board of directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and subject to the supervision of the President and Chief Operating Officer, shall render to the board of directors, when they or either of them so require, an account of his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
Section 13. If required by the board of directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board of directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.
Section 14. The Assistant Treasurer, if any shall be elected, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to them by the board of directors.
Section 15. In addition to the corporate officers elected by the board of directors pursuant to this Article V, the President and Chief Operating Officer may, from time to time, appoint one or more other persons as appointed officers who shall not be deemed to be corporate officers, but may, respectively, be designated with such titles as the President and Chief Operating Officer may deem appropriate. The President and Chief Operating Officer may prescribe the powers to be exercised and the duties to be performed by each such appointed officer, may designate the term for which each such appointment is made, and may, from time to time, terminate any or all of such appointments. Such appointments and termination of appointments shall be reported to the board of directors.
ARTICLE VI
CERTIFICATES OF STOCK
Section 1. Every holder of shares of capital stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate sealed with the seal of the Corporation and signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, Vice Chairman of the Board or the President and Chief Operating Officer and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation. If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise provided in section 202 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of
8
stock, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
Section 2. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
LOST CERTIFICATES
Section 3. The board of directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of capital stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the board of directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
TRANSFERS OF STOCK
Section 4. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
FIXING RECORD DATE
Section 5. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution, or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meetings, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
9
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
Section 6. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
DIVIDENDS
Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of any statute, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and these by-laws.
Section 2. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purposes as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
ANNUAL STATEMENT
Section 3. The board of directors shall present at each annual meeting, and at any special meeting of the stockholders when called for by vote of the stockholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the Corporation.
CHECKS
Section 4. All checks or demands for money of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the board of directors may from time to time designate.
FISCAL YEAR
Section 5. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as specified by the board of directors.
SEAL
Section 6. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.
10
CONTRACTS
Section 7. An officer of the Corporation may sign any note, bond, or mortgage of the Corporation in furtherance of the Corporation's ordinary business and in order to implement any action authorized by these by-laws.
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
In furtherance of and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the board of directors of the Corporation from time to time may make, amend, alter, change or repeal the by-laws of the Corporation; provided, that any by-laws made, amended, altered, changed or repealed by the board of directors or the stockholders of the Corporation may be amended, altered, changed or repealed, and that any by-laws may be made, by the stockholders of the Corporation. Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation or these by-laws (and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws), the affirmative vote of not less than a majority of the aggregate voting power of all outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation then entitled to vote generally in this election of Directors, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders of the Corporation to amend, alter, change, repeal or adopt any by-laws of the Corporation.
11
