Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Credit Quality Information | Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and Credit Quality Information The rollforwards of the allowance for loan and lease losses were as follows: (In thousands) Consumer Commercial Leasing and Inventory Auto Other Total At or For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2017: Balance, beginning of period $ 52,408 $ 34,669 $ 21,922 $ 12,129 $ 43,893 $ 599 $ 165,620 Charge-offs (2,940 ) — (1,404 ) (750 ) (11,028 ) (1,877 ) (17,999 ) Recoveries 6,392 196 358 281 1,780 840 9,847 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 3,452 196 (1,046 ) (469 ) (9,248 ) (1,037 ) (8,152 ) Provision for credit losses (5,669 ) 1,479 1,967 240 15,437 1,091 14,545 Other (2,353 ) — (72 ) 78 (1,422 ) — (3,769 ) Balance, end of period $ 47,838 $ 36,344 $ 22,771 $ 11,978 $ 48,660 $ 653 $ 168,244 At or For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2016: Balance, beginning of period $ 64,765 $ 31,161 $ 20,124 $ 12,084 $ 29,772 $ 666 $ 158,572 Charge-offs (4,058 ) (4 ) (2,513 ) (697 ) (6,756 ) (2,216 ) (16,244 ) Recoveries 1,838 80 671 129 999 1,062 4,779 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (2,220 ) 76 (1,842 ) (568 ) (5,757 ) (1,154 ) (11,465 ) Provision for credit losses 1,402 411 2,367 335 8,361 1,018 13,894 Other (1,855 ) — — (44 ) (3,261 ) — (5,160 ) Balance, end of period $ 62,092 $ 31,648 $ 20,649 $ 11,807 $ 29,115 $ 530 $ 155,841 (In thousands) Consumer Commercial Leasing and Inventory Auto Other Total At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017: Balance, beginning of period $ 59,448 $ 32,695 $ 21,350 $ 13,932 $ 32,310 $ 534 $ 160,269 Charge-offs (9,205 ) (5,431 ) (5,694 ) (1,856 ) (28,045 ) (4,996 ) (55,227 ) Recoveries 18,783 455 1,718 675 4,680 2,761 29,072 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 9,578 (4,976 ) (3,976 ) (1,181 ) (23,365 ) (2,235 ) (26,155 ) Provision for credit losses (13,553 ) 8,625 5,520 (903 ) 44,141 2,354 46,184 Other (7,635 ) — (123 ) 130 (4,426 ) — (12,054 ) Balance, end of period $ 47,838 $ 36,344 $ 22,771 $ 11,978 $ 48,660 $ 653 $ 168,244 At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016: Balance, beginning of period $ 67,992 $ 30,185 $ 19,018 $ 11,128 $ 26,486 $ 1,245 $ 156,054 Charge-offs (14,550 ) (668 ) (6,125 ) (2,084 ) (18,683 ) (5,524 ) (47,634 ) Recoveries 5,094 330 1,834 696 2,743 3,435 14,132 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (9,456 ) (338 ) (4,291 ) (1,388 ) (15,940 ) (2,089 ) (33,502 ) Provision for credit losses 8,963 1,801 5,922 1,925 26,001 1,374 45,986 Other (5,407 ) — — 142 (7,432 ) — (12,697 ) Balance, end of period $ 62,092 $ 31,648 $ 20,649 $ 11,807 $ 29,115 $ 530 $ 155,841 The allowance for loan and lease losses and loans and leases outstanding by type of allowance methodology were as follows: At September 30, 2017 (In thousands) Consumer Commercial Leasing and Inventory Auto Other Total Allowance for loan and lease losses: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 29,042 $ 35,342 $ 19,049 $ 11,462 $ 48,234 $ 652 $ 143,781 Individually evaluated for impairment 18,796 1,002 3,722 516 426 1 24,463 Total $ 47,838 $ 36,344 $ 22,771 $ 11,978 $ 48,660 $ 653 $ 168,244 Loans and leases outstanding: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 4,784,528 $ 3,457,229 $ 4,692,676 $ 2,572,899 $ 3,230,469 $ 20,436 $ 18,758,237 Individually evaluated for impairment 146,284 32,451 24,295 3,178 9,944 3 216,155 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — 13,960 — — — 13,960 Total $ 4,930,812 $ 3,489,680 $ 4,730,931 $ 2,576,077 $ 3,240,413 $ 20,439 $ 18,988,352 At December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Consumer Real Estate Commercial Leasing and Equipment Finance Inventory Finance Auto Finance Other Total Allowance for loan and lease losses: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 36,103 $ 31,430 $ 19,093 $ 13,304 $ 31,106 $ 533 $ 131,569 Individually evaluated for impairment 23,345 1,265 2,257 628 1,204 1 28,700 Total $ 59,448 $ 32,695 $ 21,350 $ 13,932 $ 32,310 $ 534 $ 160,269 Loans and leases outstanding: Collectively evaluated for impairment $ 4,884,653 $ 3,242,389 $ 4,320,129 $ 2,465,041 $ 2,638,380 $ 18,765 $ 17,569,357 Individually evaluated for impairment 199,699 44,089 16,165 5,134 9,360 6 274,453 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — 16 — 1 — 17 Total $ 5,084,352 $ 3,286,478 $ 4,336,310 $ 2,470,175 $ 2,647,741 $ 18,771 $ 17,843,827 Accruing and Non-accrual Loans and Leases TCF's key credit quality indicator is the receivable's payment performance status, defined as accruing or non-accruing. Non-accrual loans and leases are those which management believes have a higher risk of loss. Delinquent balances are determined based on the contractual terms of the loan or lease. TCF's accruing and non-accrual loans and leases were as follows: At September 30, 2017 (In thousands) Current-59 Days Delinquent and Accruing 60-89 Days Delinquent and Accruing 90 Days or More Delinquent and Accruing Total Accruing Non-accrual Total Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien $ 1,884,543 $ 4,607 $ 1,387 $ 1,890,537 $ 62,662 $ 1,953,199 Junior lien 2,958,098 1,446 — 2,959,544 18,069 2,977,613 Total consumer real estate 4,842,641 6,053 1,387 4,850,081 80,731 4,930,812 Commercial: Commercial real estate 2,701,331 — — 2,701,331 10,337 2,711,668 Commercial business 778,010 2 — 778,012 — 778,012 Total commercial 3,479,341 2 — 3,479,343 10,337 3,489,680 Leasing and equipment finance 4,691,029 4,783 2,439 4,698,251 18,720 4,716,971 Inventory finance 2,572,764 58 77 2,572,899 3,178 2,576,077 Auto finance 3,225,757 4,840 3,163 3,233,760 6,653 3,240,413 Other 20,425 10 4 20,439 — 20,439 Subtotal 18,831,957 15,746 7,070 18,854,773 119,619 18,974,392 Portfolios acquired with deteriorated credit quality 12,644 — 1,316 13,960 — 13,960 Total $ 18,844,601 $ 15,746 $ 8,386 $ 18,868,733 $ 119,619 $ 18,988,352 At December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Current-59 Days Delinquent and Accruing 60-89 Days Delinquent and Accruing 90 Days or More Delinquent and Accruing Total Accruing Non-accrual Total Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien $ 2,177,746 $ 6,581 $ 2,144 $ 2,186,471 $ 106,125 $ 2,292,596 Junior lien 2,744,006 1,404 — 2,745,410 46,346 2,791,756 Total consumer real estate 4,921,752 7,985 2,144 4,931,881 152,471 5,084,352 Commercial: Commercial real estate 2,628,627 — — 2,628,627 5,564 2,634,191 Commercial business 651,932 — — 651,932 355 652,287 Total commercial 3,280,559 — — 3,280,559 5,919 3,286,478 Leasing and equipment finance 4,320,795 3,478 1,045 4,325,318 10,880 4,336,198 Inventory finance 2,464,986 16 39 2,465,041 5,134 2,470,175 Auto finance 2,634,600 3,785 2,317 2,640,702 7,038 2,647,740 Other 18,748 14 6 18,768 3 18,771 Subtotal 17,641,440 15,278 5,551 17,662,269 181,445 17,843,714 Portfolios acquired with deteriorated credit quality 113 — — 113 — 113 Total $ 17,641,553 $ 15,278 $ 5,551 $ 17,662,382 $ 181,445 $ 17,843,827 Interest income recognized on loans and leases in non-accrual status and contractual interest that would have been recorded had the loans and leases performed in accordance with their original contractual terms were as follows: Quarter Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2017 2016 2017 2016 Contractual interest due on non-accrual loans and leases $ 3,529 $ 5,127 $ 11,606 $ 15,604 Interest income recognized on non-accrual loans and leases 581 1,048 2,274 3,097 Unrecognized interest income $ 2,948 $ 4,079 $ 9,332 $ 12,507 Consumer real estate loans to customers currently involved in ongoing Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy proceedings which have not yet been discharged, dismissed or completed were as follows: (In thousands) At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 Consumer real estate loans to customers in bankruptcy: 0-59 days delinquent and accruing $ 9,164 $ 13,675 Non-accrual 11,017 21,372 Total consumer real estate loans to customers in bankruptcy $ 20,181 $ 35,047 Loan Modifications for Borrowers with Financial Difficulties Included within loans and leases in the previous accruing and non-accrual loans and leases table are certain loans that have been modified in order to maximize collection of loan balances. If, for economic or legal reasons related to the customer's financial difficulties, TCF grants a concession, the modified loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") loan. All loans classified as TDR loans are considered to be impaired. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans have been excluded. TDR loans were as follows: At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Accruing TDR Loans Non-accrual TDR Loans Total TDR Loans Accruing TDR Loans Non-accrual TDR Loans Total TDR Loans Consumer real estate $ 90,753 $ 33,854 $ 124,607 $ 98,606 $ 71,961 $ 170,567 Commercial 4,677 3,491 8,168 20,304 2,170 22,474 Leasing and equipment finance 5,215 2,591 7,806 4,802 1,350 6,152 Inventory finance — 911 911 — 357 357 Auto finance 3,290 4,741 8,031 2,323 5,504 7,827 Other 5 — 5 6 — 6 Total $ 103,940 $ 45,588 $ 149,528 $ 126,041 $ 81,342 $ 207,383 Unfunded commitments to consumer real estate and commercial loans classified as TDRs were $0.4 million at both September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , no additional funds were committed to leasing and equipment finance, inventory finance or auto finance loans classified as TDRs. Unrecognized interest represents the difference between interest income recognized on accruing TDR loans and the contractual interest that would have been recorded under the original contractual terms. For the third quarter of 2017 , unrecognized interest income for consumer real estate first mortgage lien accruing TDR loans and consumer real estate junior lien accruing TDR loans was $0.4 million and $0.1 million , respectively. The average yield for the same period on consumer real estate accruing TDR loans was 4.3% , which compares to the original contractual average rate of 6.8% . For the third quarter of 2016 , unrecognized interest income for the consumer real estate first mortgage lien accruing TDR loans and consumer real estate junior lien accruing TDR loans was $0.5 million and $0.2 million , respectively. The average yield for the same period on consumer real estate accruing TDR loans was 4.3% , which compares to the original contractual average rate of 6.7% . The unrecognized interest income for the remaining classes of finance receivables was not material for the third quarter s of 2017 and 2016 . For the first nine months of 2017 , unrecognized interest income for consumer real estate first mortgage lien accruing TDR loans and consumer real estate junior lien accruing TDR loans was $1.4 million and $0.5 million , respectively. For the first nine months of 2016 , unrecognized interest income for consumer real estate first mortgage lien accruing TDR loans and consumer real estate junior lien accruing TDR loans was $1.5 million and $0.5 million , respectively. The average yield for both the first nine months of 2017 and 2016 on consumer real estate accruing TDR loans was 4.2% , which compares to the original contractual average rate of 6.7% . The unrecognized interest income for the remaining classes of finance receivables was not material for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016 . TCF considers a loan to have defaulted when under the modified terms it becomes 90 or more days delinquent, has been transferred to non-accrual status, has been charged down or has been transferred to other real estate owned or repossessed and returned assets. The following table summarizes the TDR loans that defaulted during the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 and 2016 , which were modified during the respective reporting period or within one year of the beginning of the respective reporting period. Included in commercial loans that defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was one commercial loan that was transferred to non-accrual status during the first quarter of 2017. Quarter Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2017 2016 2017 2016 Defaulted TDR loan balances modified during the applicable period: (1) Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien $ 856 $ 2,150 $ 2,328 $ 6,635 Junior lien 317 179 518 676 Total consumer real estate 1,173 2,329 2,846 7,311 Commercial real estate — — 6,681 — Leasing and equipment finance 451 — 635 — Auto finance 260 334 867 1,233 Defaulted TDR loan balances modified during the applicable period $ 1,884 $ 2,663 $ 11,029 $ 8,544 (1) The loan balances presented are not materially different than the pre-modification loan balances as TCF's loan modifications generally do not forgive principal amounts. Consumer real estate TDR loans are evaluated separately in TCF's allowance methodology. Impairment is generally based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate, unless the loans are collateral dependent, in which case loan impairment is based upon the fair value of the collateral less selling expenses. The allowance on accruing consumer real estate TDR loans was $17.6 million , or 19.4% of the outstanding balance, at September 30, 2017 , and $19.3 million , or 19.6% of the outstanding balance, at December 31, 2016 . In determining impairment for consumer real estate accruing TDR loans, TCF utilized remaining re-default rates ranging from 9% to 33% at September 30, 2017 and 10% to 33% at December 31, 2016 , depending on lien position and actual experience. At September 30, 2017 , 1.3% of accruing consumer real estate TDR loans were more than 60 days delinquent, compared with 1.5% at December 31, 2016 . Consumer real estate TDR loans generally remain on accruing status following modification if they are less than 90 days past due and payment in full under the modified terms of the loan is expected based on a current credit evaluation and historical payment performance. Of the non-accrual TDR balance at September 30, 2017 , $22.0 million , or 65.1% , were loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy that were not reaffirmed by the borrower, of which 70.4% were current. Of the non-accrual TDR balance at December 31, 2016 , $47.4 million , or 65.9% , were loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy that were not reaffirmed, of which 82.2% were current. All eligible loans are re-aged to current delinquency status upon modification. Commercial TDR loans are individually evaluated for impairment based upon the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's initial effective interest rate, unless the loans are collateral dependent, in which case impairment is based upon the fair value of collateral less estimated selling costs; however if payment or satisfaction of the loan is dependent on the operation, rather than the sale of the collateral, the impairment does not include selling costs. The allowance on accruing commercial TDR loans was less than $0.1 million , or less than 0.1% of the outstanding balance, at September 30, 2017 , and $1.1 million , or 5.6% of the outstanding balance, at December 31, 2016 . No accruing commercial TDR loans were 60 days or more delinquent at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . Impaired Loans TCF considers impaired loans to include non-accrual commercial loans, non-accrual equipment finance loans and non-accrual inventory finance loans, as well as all TDR loans. For purposes of this disclosure, PCI loans have been excluded. Non-accrual impaired loans, including non-accrual TDR loans, are included in non-accrual loans and leases within the previous tables. Accruing TDR loans have been disclosed by delinquency status within the previous tables of accruing and non-accrual loans and leases. In the following table, the loan balance of impaired loans represents the amount recorded within loans and leases on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, whereas the unpaid contractual balance represents the balances legally owed by the borrowers. Information on impaired loans was as follows: At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Unpaid Loan Related Unpaid Loan Related Impaired loans with an allowance recorded: Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien $ 90,190 $ 80,379 $ 14,272 $ 122,704 $ 104,601 $ 16,835 Junior lien 33,607 30,757 4,239 62,481 51,410 5,829 Total consumer real estate 123,797 111,136 18,511 185,185 156,011 22,664 Commercial: Commercial real estate 6,853 6,846 1,000 10,083 10,075 1,262 Commercial business 13 13 2 14 14 3 Total commercial 6,866 6,859 1,002 10,097 10,089 1,265 Leasing and equipment finance 13,376 13,376 1,928 9,900 9,900 1,044 Inventory finance 1,871 1,874 516 4,357 4,365 628 Auto finance 1,572 1,255 364 5,801 5,419 1,126 Other 4 5 1 6 6 1 Total impaired loans with an allowance recorded 147,486 134,505 22,322 215,346 185,790 26,728 Impaired loans without an allowance recorded: Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien 17,150 11,855 — 18,539 12,674 — Junior lien 16,358 1,616 — 26,915 1,882 — Total consumer real estate 33,508 13,471 — 45,454 14,556 — Commercial: Commercial real estate 11,755 7,940 — 21,601 15,780 — Commercial business 215 215 — 354 354 — Total commercial 11,970 8,155 — 21,955 16,134 — Inventory finance 1,299 1,304 — 767 769 — Auto finance 8,993 6,776 — 3,919 2,408 — Other 87 — — 85 — — Total impaired loans without an allowance recorded 55,857 29,706 — 72,180 33,867 — Total impaired loans $ 203,343 $ 164,211 $ 22,322 $ 287,526 $ 219,657 $ 26,728 The average loan balance of impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans were as follows: Quarter Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 (In thousands) Average Loan Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Loan Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Loan Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Loan Balance Interest Income Recognized Impaired loans with an allowance recorded: Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien $ 84,126 $ 679 $ 114,966 $ 944 $ 92,490 $ 2,097 $ 116,315 $ 2,762 Junior lien 33,438 382 54,651 675 41,083 1,209 55,824 1,993 Total consumer real estate 117,564 1,061 169,617 1,619 133,573 3,306 172,139 4,755 Commercial: Commercial real estate 5,119 — 12,926 100 8,461 16 6,530 230 Commercial business 13 — 15 — 13 48 15 — Total commercial 5,132 — 12,941 100 8,474 64 6,545 230 Leasing and equipment finance 11,837 10 10,844 3 11,638 28 8,963 21 Inventory finance 2,078 18 777 10 3,120 176 1,030 41 Auto finance 2,792 55 5,871 33 3,337 146 6,883 72 Other 4 — 8 — 6 — 10 — Total impaired loans with an allowance recorded 139,407 1,144 200,058 1,765 160,148 3,720 195,570 5,119 Impaired loans without an allowance recorded: Consumer real estate: First mortgage lien 11,871 212 8,023 120 12,264 736 8,280 228 Junior lien 1,669 71 1,348 170 1,749 392 1,368 485 Total consumer real estate 13,540 283 9,371 290 14,013 1,128 9,648 713 Commercial: Commercial real estate 12,090 95 15,101 170 11,860 438 22,729 606 Commercial business 334 2 3,869 — 284 3 3,587 — Total commercial 12,424 97 18,970 170 12,144 441 26,316 606 Inventory finance 1,255 62 333 35 1,037 136 332 69 Auto finance 4,878 — 2,241 — 4,592 — 1,757 — Total impaired loans without an allowance recorded 32,097 442 30,915 495 31,786 1,705 38,053 1,388 Total impaired loans $ 171,504 $ 1,586 $ 230,973 $ 2,260 $ 191,934 $ 5,425 $ 233,623 $ 6,507 |