Financial Highlights
| | At or For the Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Operating Results: | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | $ | 481,222 | | $ | 438,536 | | 9.7 | % |
Fees and other revenues(1) | | 367,307 | | 323,463 | | 13.6 | |
Top-line revenue | | 848,529 | | 761,999 | | 11.4 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 41.3 | |
Non-interest expense | | 501,996 | | 457,202 | | 9.8 | |
Operating income (pre-tax) | | 325,655 | | 290,025 | | 12.3 | |
Non-operating income | | 4,179 | | 12,813 | | (67.4 | ) |
Income tax expense | | 122,512 | | 116,593 | | 5.1 | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | 11.3 | |
| | | | | | | |
Per Common Share Information: | | | | | | | |
Diluted earnings | | $ | 2.70 | | $ | 2.35 | | 14.9 | |
Basic earnings | | 2.73 | | 2.37 | | 15.2 | |
Diluted cash earnings(2) | | 2.80 | | 2.44 | | 14.8 | |
Dividends declared | | 1.00 | | .825 | | 21.2 | |
Stock price: | | | | | | | |
High | | 51.12 | | 45.56 | | | |
Low | | 32.81 | | 18.00 | | | |
Close | | 47.98 | | 44.56 | | 7.7 | |
Book value | | 11.92 | | 11.34 | | 5.1 | |
Tangible book value | | 9.91 | | 9.29 | | 6.7 | |
Price to book value | | 403 | % | 393 | % | 2.5 | |
Price to tangible book value | | 484 | | 480 | | 0.8 | |
| | | | | | | |
Financial Ratios: | | | | | | | |
Return on average assets | | 1.79 | % | 1.72 | % | 4.1 | |
Return on average realized common equity | | 23.18 | | 21.53 | | 7.7 | |
Cash return on average assets(2) | | 1.86 | | 1.79 | | 3.9 | |
Cash return on average realized common equity(2) | | 24.03 | | 22.40 | | 7.3 | |
Net interest margin | | 4.51 | | 4.35 | | 3.7 | |
Total equity to total assets at year end | | 8.07 | | 8.13 | | (0.7 | ) |
Tangible equity to total assets at year end | | 6.71 | | 6.66 | | 0.8 | |
(1) Excludes gains on sales of branches and securities.
(2) Excludes amortization of goodwill, net of income tax benefit.
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Selected Balance Sheet Data: | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 11,358,715 | | $ | 11,197,462 | | 1.4 | % |
Securities available for sale | | 1,584,661 | | 1,403,888 | | 12.9 | |
Residential real estate loans | | 2,733,290 | | 3,673,831 | | (25.6 | ) |
Other loans and leases | | 5,510,912 | | 4,872,868 | | 13.1 | |
Goodwill | | 145,462 | | 153,239 | | (5.1 | ) |
Deposit base intangibles | | 9,244 | | 11,183 | | (17.3 | ) |
Deposits | | 7,098,958 | | 6,891,824 | | 3.0 | |
Short-term borrowings | | 719,859 | | 898,695 | | (19.9 | ) |
Long-term borrowings | | 2,303,166 | | 2,285,550 | | 0.8 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 917,033 | | 910,220 | | 0.7 | |
Tangible equity | | $ | 762,327 | | $ | 745,798 | | 2.2 | |
Common shares outstanding | | 76,931,828 | | 80,289,033 | | (4.2 | ) |
1
Financial Review
This financial review presents management’s discussion and analysis of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of TCF Financial Corporation (“TCF” or the “Company”) and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and other financial data beginning on page 44.
TCF is the national financial holding company of two federally chartered banks, TCF National Bank headquartered in Minnesota and TCF National Bank Colorado. The Company has 375 banking offices in Minnesota, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Colorado and Indiana. Other affiliates provide leasing and equipment finance, mortgage banking, discount brokerage and investment and insurance sales.
TCF provides convenient financial services through multiple channels to customers located primarily in the Midwest. TCF has developed products and services designed to meet the needs of all consumers with a primary focus on middle- and lower-income individuals. The Company focuses on attracting and retaining customers through service and convenience, including branches that are open seven days a week and on most holidays, extensive full-service supermarket branch and automated teller machine (“ATM”) networks, and telephone and Internet banking. TCF’s philosophy is to generate top-line revenue growth (net interest income and fees and other revenues) through business lines that emphasize higher yielding assets and lower interest-cost deposits. The Company’s growth strategies include de novo branch expansion and the development of new products and services designed to build on its core businesses and expand into complementary products and services through emerging businesses and strategic initiatives.
TCF’s core businesses are comprised of mature traditional bank branches, EXPRESS TELLER ATMs, and commercial, consumer and mortgage lending. TCF emphasizes the “Totally Free” checking account as its anchor account, which provides opportunities to cross sell other convenience products and services and generate additional fee income. TCF’s strategy is to originate high credit quality, primarily secured loans and earn profits through lower interest-cost deposits. Commercial loans are generally made on local properties or to local customers, and are virtually all secured. TCF’s largest core lending business is its consumer home equity loan portfolio, comprised of fixed- and variable-rate closed-end loans and lines of credit.
TCF’s emerging businesses and products are comprised of supermarket bank branches, including supermarket consumer lending, leasing and equipment finance, debit cards, and Internet and college campus banking. TCF’s most significant de novo strategy has been its supermarket branch expansion. The Company opened its first supermarket branch in 1988, and now has 234 supermarket branches, with more than $1.2 billion in deposits. TCF has the nation’s fourth largest supermarket branch network. See “Financial Condition—Deposits.” TCF entered the leasing business through its 1997 acquisition of Winthrop Resources Corporation (“Winthrop”), a leasing company that leases computers and other business-essential equipment to companies nationwide. The Company expanded its leasing operations in September 1999 through TCF Leasing, Inc. (“TCF Leasing”), a de novo general equipment leasing business to serve the transportation, general middle-market equipment, lease discounting, and syndication sectors. See “Financial Condition—Loans and Leases.” The Company’s VISA® debit card program has also grown significantly since its inception in 1996. According to a September 30, 2001 statistical report issued by VISA, TCF is the 13th largest VISA debit card issuer in the United States, with 1.2 million cards outstanding and the 12th largest based on sales volume.
TCF’s strategic initiatives are businesses that complement the Company’s core and emerging businesses. TCF’s new products have been significant contributors to the growth in fees and other revenues generated by checking accounts and loan products. Currently, TCF’s strategic initiatives include continued investment in de novo branch expansion, new loan and deposit products, including card products, designed to provide additional convenience to deposit and loan customers and to further leverage its EXPRESS TELLER ATM network. In June 2001, the Company launched its discount brokerage, TCF Express Trade, Inc. The Company is also planning to launch additional insurance and investment products in 2002.
PERFORMANCE SUMMARY—TCF reported diluted earnings per common share of $2.70 for 2001, compared with $2.35 for 2000 and $2.00 for 1999. Net income was $207.3 million for 2001, up from $186.2 million for 2000 and $166 million for 1999. Return on average assets was 1.79% in 2001, compared with 1.72% in 2000 and 1.61% in 1999. Return on average realized common equity was 23.18% in 2001, compared with 21.53% in 2000 and 19.83% in 1999. Diluted cash earnings per common share, which excludes amortization of goodwill net of income tax benefits, was $2.80 for 2001, compared with $2.44 for 2000 and $2.09 for 1999. On the same basis, cash return on average assets was 1.86% for 2001, compared with 1.79% for 2000 and 1.69% for 1999, and cash return on average realized common equity was 24.03% for 2001, compared with 22.40% for 2000 and 20.74% for 1999.
22
FIVE YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY
Consolidated Income:
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Percentage Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Top-line revenue(1) | | $ | 848,529 | | $ | 761,999 | | $ | 698,533 | | $ | 661,429 | | $ | 577,363 | | 11.4 | % | 9.1 | % |
Net interest income | | $ | 481,222 | | $ | 438,536 | | $ | 424,213 | | $ | 425,734 | | $ | 393,596 | | 9.7 | | 3.4 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 16,923 | | 23,280 | | 17,995 | | 41.3 | | (12.7 | ) |
Non-interest income | | 371,486 | | 336,276 | | 313,693 | | 284,681 | | 221,815 | | 10.5 | | 7.2 | |
Non-interest expense | | 501,996 | | 457,202 | | 447,892 | | 421,886 | | 356,509 | | 9.8 | | 2.1 | |
Income before income tax expense | | 329,834 | | 302,838 | | 273,091 | | 265,249 | | 240,907 | | 8.9 | | 10.9 | |
Income tax expense | | 122,512 | | 116,593 | | 107,052 | | 109,070 | | 95,846 | | 5.1 | | 8.9 | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | | $ | 156,179 | | $ | 145,061 | | 11.3 | | 12.2 | |
Per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic earnings | | $ | 2.73 | | $ | 2.37 | | $ | 2.01 | | $ | 1.77 | | $ | 1.72 | | 15.2 | | 17.9 | |
Diluted earnings | | $ | 2.70 | | $ | 2.35 | | $ | 2.00 | | $ | 1.76 | | $ | 1.69 | | 14.9 | | 17.5 | |
Diluted cash earnings(2) | | $ | 2.80 | | $ | 2.44 | | $ | 2.09 | | $ | 1.84 | | $ | 1.73 | | 14.8 | | 16.2 | |
Dividends declared | | $ | 1.00 | | $ | .825 | | $ | .725 | | $ | .6125 | | $ | .46875 | | 21.2 | | 13.8 | |
Consolidated Financial Condition:
| | At December 31, | | Percentage Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Total assets | | $ | 11,358,715 | | $ | 11,197,462 | | $ | 10,661,716 | | $ | 10,164,594 | | $ | 9,744,660 | | 1.4 | % | 5.0 | % |
Securities available for sale | | 1,584,661 | | 1,403,888 | | 1,521,661 | | 1,677,919 | | 1,426,131 | | 12.9 | | (7.7 | ) |
Residential real estate loans | | 2,733,290 | | 3,673,831 | | 3,919,678 | | 3,765,280 | | 3,623,845 | | (25.6 | ) | (6.3 | ) |
Other loans and leases | | 5,510,912 | | 4,872,868 | | 3,976,065 | | 3,375,898 | | 3,445,343 | | 13.1 | | 22.6 | |
Checking, savings and money market deposits | | 4,778,714 | | 4,086,219 | | 3,712,988 | | 3,756,558 | | 3,301,647 | | 16.9 | | 10.1 | |
Certificates | | 2,320,244 | | 2,805,605 | | 2,871,847 | | 2,958,588 | | 3,605,663 | | (17.3 | ) | (2.3 | ) |
Borrowings | | 3,023,025 | | 3,184,245 | | 3,083,888 | | 2,461,046 | | 1,727,152 | | (5.1 | ) | 3.3 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 917,033 | | 910,220 | | 808,982 | | 845,502 | | 953,680 | | 0.7 | | 12.5 | |
Tangible equity | | 762,327 | | 745,798 | | 637,252 | | 662,619 | | 756,159 | | 2.2 | | 17.0 | |
Per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Book value | | 11.92 | | 11.34 | | 9.87 | | 9.88 | | 10.27 | | 5.1 | | 14.9 | |
Tangible equity | | 9.91 | | 9.29 | | 7.78 | | 7.74 | | 8.15 | | 6.7 | | 19.4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Key Ratios and Other Data:
| | At or For the Year Ended December 31, | | Percentage Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
Return on average assets | | 1.79 | % | 1.72 | % | 1.61 | % | 1.62 | % | 1.77 | % | 4.1 | % | 6.8 | % |
Cash return on average assets(2) | | 1.86 | | 1.79 | | 1.69 | | 1.70 | | 1.82 | | 3.9 | | 5.9 | |
Return on average realized common equity | | 23.18 | | 21.53 | | 19.83 | | 17.51 | | 19.57 | | 7.7 | | 8.6 | |
Return on average common equity | | 23.06 | | 22.64 | | 20.34 | | 17.34 | | 19.45 | | 1.9 | | 11.3 | |
Cash return on average realized common equity(2) | | 24.03 | | 22.40 | | 20.74 | | 18.37 | | 20.10 | | 7.3 | | 8.0 | |
Average total equity to average assets | | 7.78 | | 7.58 | | 7.93 | | 9.35 | | 9.12 | | 2.6 | | (4.4 | ) |
Average tangible equity to average assets | | 6.40 | | 6.04 | | 6.21 | | 7.38 | | 7.97 | | 6.0 | | (2.7 | ) |
Average realized tangible equity to average assets | | 6.36 | | 6.43 | | 6.41 | | 7.29 | | 7.92 | | (1.1 | ) | 0.3 | |
Net interest margin(3) | | 4.51 | | 4.35 | | 4.47 | | 4.84 | | 5.20 | | 3.7 | | (2.7 | ) |
Common dividend payout ratio | | 37.04 | % | 35.11 | % | 36.25 | % | 34.80 | % | 27.74 | % | 5.5 | | (3.1 | ) |
Number of banking locations | | 375 | | 352 | | 338 | | 311 | | 221 | | 6.5 | | 4.1 | |
Number of checking accounts (in thousands) | | 1,249 | | 1,131 | | 1,032 | | 913 | | 772 | | 10.4 | | 9.6 | |
(1) | | Top-line revenue consists of net interest income plus fees and other revenues excluding gains on sales of branches, securities available for sale, loan servicing and subsidiaries and title insurance revenues. |
| | |
(2) | | Excludes amortization of goodwill, net of income tax benefit. |
| | |
(3) | | Net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets. |
23
OPERATING SEGMENT RESULTS
Banking, comprised of deposits and investment products, commercial lending, consumer lending, residential lending and treasury services, reported net income of $180.5 million for 2001, up 9.9% from $164.3 million in 2000. Net interest income for 2001 was $423 million, compared with $397.9 million for 2000. The provision for credit losses totaled $7.4 million in 2001, down from $9.6 million in 2000. Non-interest income (excluding gains on sales of branches and securities available for sale) totaled $309.3 million, up 12.7% from $274.4 million in 2000. This improvement was primarily due to increased fees and service charges and electronic funds transfer revenues, reflecting TCF’s expanded retail banking operations and customer base. Non-interest expense (excluding the amortization of goodwill) totaled $432.3 million, up 7.7% from $401.2 million in 2000. The increase was primarily due to the costs associated with TCF’s continued retail banking expansion, including de novo supermarket branches, offset by cost savings from sales of underperforming branches.
TCF has significantly expanded its banking franchise in recent periods and had 375 banking branches at December 31, 2001. Since January 1, 1998, TCF has opened 193 new branches, of which 176 were supermarket branches. TCF continued to expand its retail banking franchise by opening 27 new branches during 2001. TCF anticipates opening between 25 and 30 new branches during 2002 (including approximately 15 more supermarket branches) and plans to continue expanding in future years.
Leasing and Equipment Finance, an operating segment comprised of TCF’s wholly owned subsidiaries Winthrop and TCF Leasing, provides a broad range of comprehensive lease and equipment finance products. This operating segment reported net income of $20.4 million for 2001, down 11.3% from $23 million in 2000. Results for 2001 reflect changes in methodologies of certain allocations from prior years. Leasing and equipment finance results include an increase of $1.5 million, after tax, in intercompany expense as a result of the change in methodologies. Net interest income for 2001 was $39.4 million, up 29.7% from $30.4 million in 2000. Leasing and equipment finance’s provision for credit losses totaled $13.5 million in 2001, up from $5.2 million in 2000, primarily as a result of increased delinquencies and net charge-offs coupled with growth in the portfolio. Non-interest income totaled $45.7 million in 2001, up 18.9% from $38.5 million in 2000 due to higher levels of sales type lease revenues during 2001. Non-interest expense (excluding the amortization of goodwill) totaled $38.4 million in 2001, up 48.6% from $25.8 million in 2000 primarily as a result of the growth experienced in TCF Leasing.
Mortgage Banking activities include the origination and purchase of residential mortgage loans, generally for sale to third parties with servicing retained. This operating segment reported net income of $5.9 million for 2001, compared with $1.2 million for 2000. As a result of changes in methodologies of certain allocations in 2001, the 2001 results for the mortgage banking operating segment include a reduction in intercompany expense of $1.2 million, after tax, compared with 2000. Non-interest income totaled $15.4 million, down 1.7% from $15.7 million in 2000. This decrease in non-interest income from 2000 is primarily due to a $13.1 million decrease in net servicing income, partially offset by increases of $10.4 million in gains on sales of loans held for sale and $2.4 million in other income on higher volume of loan originations. The decline in net servicing income from 2000 is attributable to a $16 million increase in amortization and impairment of mortgage servicing rights, due to accelerating actual and assumed prepayments and increased volumes. As a result of declines in interest rates during 2001, the mortgage banking segment has experienced an increase in refinance activity. During 2001, this operating segment generated $3.7 billion in new loan applications and $2.6 billion in closed loans, up from $1.3 billion and $876.9 million, respectively for the same 2000 period. Refinances were 59% of originations for 2001, compared with 19% for 2000. TCF’s mortgage pipeline (applications in process, but not yet closed) was $606.7 million at December 31, 2001, compared with $221.4 million at December 31, 2000. The third party servicing portfolio was $4.7 billion at December 31, 2001, with a weighted average coupon of 7.13%, compared with $4 billion at December 31, 2000, with a weighted average coupon of 7.42%. Capitalized mortgage servicing rights totaled $58.3 million, or 1.25% of the servicing portfolio, at December 31, 2001, compared with $40.1 million, or 1.01%, at December 31, 2000. Non-interest expense totaled $20.9 million for 2001, up 7.5% from $19.4 million for 2000. Contributing to the increase in non-interest expense during 2001 were increased expenses resulting from the high level of loan originations during the year.
Consolidated Income Statement Analysis
NET INTEREST INCOME—Net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on loans and leases, securities available for sale, investments and other interest-earning assets (interest income), and interest paid on deposits and borrowings (interest expense), represented 56.4% of TCF’s revenue in 2001. Net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets is referred to as the net interest margin, expressed as a percentage. Net interest income and net interest margin are affected by changes in interest rates, loan pricing strategies and competitive conditions, the volume and the mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the level of non-performing assets.
Net interest income was $481.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, compared with $438.5 million in 2000 and $424.2 million in 1999. This represents an increase of 9.7% in 2001, compared with an increase of 3.4% in 2000 and a decrease of .4% in 1999. Total average interest-earning assets increased 5.9% in 2001, following increases of 6.1% in 2000 and 7.9% in 1999. The net interest margin for 2001 was 4.51%, compared with 4.35% in 2000 and 4.47% in 1999.
24
The following table presents TCF’s average balance sheets, interest and dividends earned or paid, and the related yields and rates on major categories of TCF’s interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities:
| | Year Ended December 31, 2001 | | Year Ended December 31, 2000 | | Year Ended December 31, 1999 | |
| | Average Balance | | Interest(1) | | Yields and Rates | | Average Balance | | Interest(1) | | Yields and Rates | | Average Balance | | Interest(1) | | Yields and Rates | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments | | $ | 164,362 | | $ | 8,966 | | 5.46 | % | $ | 139,840 | | $ | 10,041 | | 7.18 | % | $ | 142,494 | | $ | 9,411 | | 6.60 | % |
Securities available for sale(2) | | 1,706,093 | | 112,267 | | 6.58 | | 1,500,225 | | 99,185 | | 6.61 | | 1,689,257 | | 111,032 | | 6.57 | |
Loans held for sale | | 379,045 | | 24,266 | | 6.40 | | 220,560 | | 17,130 | | 7.77 | | 199,073 | | 13,367 | | 6.71 | |
Loans and leases: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | 2,346,349 | | 215,438 | | 9.18 | | 2,139,135 | | 218,577 | | 10.22 | | 1,971,069 | | 199,103 | | 10.10 | |
Commercial real estate | | 1,490,616 | | 116,128 | | 7.79 | | 1,195,985 | | 103,181 | | 8.63 | | 933,227 | | 78,033 | | 8.36 | |
Commercial business | | 409,685 | | 29,893 | | 7.30 | | 367,072 | | 33,483 | | 9.12 | | 341,378 | | 27,425 | | 8.03 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 918,915 | | 89,131 | | 9.70 | | 650,616 | | 69,960 | | 10.75 | | 410,245 | | 47,077 | | 11.48 | |
Subtotal | | 5,165,565 | | 450,590 | | 8.72 | | 4,352,808 | | 425,201 | | 9.77 | | 3,655,919 | | 351,638 | | 9.62 | |
Residential real estate | | 3,251,328 | | 230,520 | | 7.09 | | 3,860,025 | | 275,124 | | 7.13 | | 3,808,062 | | 266,653 | | 7.00 | |
Total loans and leases(3) | | 8,416,893 | | 681,110 | | 8.09 | | 8,212,833 | | 700,325 | | 8.53 | | 7,463,981 | | 618,291 | | 8.28 | |
Total interest-earning assets | | 10,666,393 | | 826,609 | | 7.75 | | 10,073,458 | | 826,681 | | 8.21 | | 9,494,805 | | 752,101 | | 7.92 | |
Other assets(4) | | 886,713 | | | | | | 773,799 | | | | | | 798,494 | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 11,553,106 | | | | | | $ | 10,847,257 | | | | | | $ | 10,293,299 | | | | | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing deposits | | $ | 1,580,907 | | | | | | $ | 1,328,932 | | | | | | $ | 1,177,723 | | | | | |
Interest-bearing deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Checking | | 790,023 | | 3,549 | | .45 | | 739,429 | | 4,391 | | .59 | | 711,440 | | 4,043 | | .57 | |
Savings | | 1,018,730 | | 7,472 | | .73 | | 1,036,861 | | 11,571 | | 1.12 | | 1,111,104 | | 12,435 | | 1.12 | |
Money market | | 902,091 | | 21,144 | | 2.34 | | 758,240 | | 25,139 | | 3.32 | | 728,522 | | 19,074 | | 2.62 | |
Subtotal | | 2,710,844 | | 32,165 | | 1.19 | | 2,534,530 | | 41,101 | | 1.62 | | 2,551,066 | | 35,552 | | 1.39 | |
Certificates | | 2,607,009 | | 130,562 | | 5.01 | | 2,824,456 | | 155,993 | | 5.52 | | 2,888,968 | | 139,943 | | 4.84 | |
Total interest-bearing deposits | | 5,317,853 | | 162,727 | | 3.06 | | 5,358,986 | | 197,094 | | 3.68 | | 5,440,034 | | 175,495 | | 3.23 | |
Total deposits | | 6,898,760 | | 162,727 | | 2.36 | | 6,687,918 | | 197,094 | | 2.95 | | 6,617,757 | | 175,495 | | 2.65 | |
Borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Short-term borrowings | | 1,097,688 | | 44,800 | | 4.08 | | 767,302 | | 49,218 | | 6.41 | | 601,224 | | 32,333 | | 5.38 | |
Long-term borrowings | | 2,345,742 | | 137,860 | | 5.88 | | 2,331,400 | | 141,833 | | 6.08 | | 2,072,734 | | 120,060 | | 5.79 | |
Total borrowings | | 3,443,430 | | 182,660 | | 5.30 | | 3,098,702 | | 191,051 | | 6.17 | | 2,673,958 | | 152,393 | | 5.70 | |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | | 8,761,283 | | 345,387 | | 3.94 | | 8,457,688 | | 388,145 | | 4.59 | | 8,113,992 | | 327,888 | | 4.04 | |
Total deposits and borrowings | | 10,342,190 | | 345,387 | | 3.34 | | 9,786,620 | | 388,145 | | 3.97 | | 9,291,715 | | 327,888 | | 3.53 | |
Other liabilities(4) | | 311,871 | | | | | | 238,047 | | | | | | 185,393 | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | 10,654,061 | | | | | | 10,024,667 | | | | | | 9,477,108 | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity(4) | | 899,045 | | | | | | 822,590 | | | | | | 816,191 | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 11,553,106 | | | | | | $ | 10,847,257 | | | | | | $ | 10,293,299 | | | | | |
Net interest income and margin | | | | $ | 481,222 | | 4.51 | % | | | $ | 438,536 | | 4.35 | % | | | $ | 424,213 | | 4.47 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Tax-exempt income was not significant and thus has not been presented on a tax equivalent basis. Tax-exempt income of $156,000, $181,000 and $189,000 was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
(2) Average balance and yield of securities available for sale are based upon the historical amortized cost.
(3) Average balance of loans and leases includes non-accrual loans and leases, and is presented net of unearned income.
(4) Average balance is based upon month-end balances.
25
The following table presents the components of the changes in net interest income by volume and rate:
| | Year Ended December 31, 2001 Versus Same Period in 2000 | | Year Ended December 31, 2000 Versus Same Period in 1999 | |
| | Increase (Decrease) Due to | | Increase (Decrease) Due to | |
| | Volume(1) | | Rate(1) | | Total | | Volume(1) | | Rate(1) | | Total | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Investments | | $ | 1,579 | | $ | (2,654 | ) | $ | (1,075 | ) | $ | (179 | ) | $ | 809 | | $ | 630 | |
Securities available for sale | | 13,534 | | (452 | ) | 13,082 | | (12,518 | ) | 671 | | (11,847 | ) |
Loans held for sale | | 10,583 | | (3,447 | ) | 7,136 | | 1,528 | | 2,235 | | 3,763 | |
Loans and leases: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | 20,168 | | (23,307 | ) | (3,139 | ) | 12,012 | | 7,462 | | 19,474 | |
Commercial real estate | | 23,682 | | (10,735 | ) | 12,947 | | 22,560 | | 2,588 | | 25,148 | |
Commercial business | | 3,594 | | (7,184 | ) | (3,590 | ) | 2,161 | | 3,897 | | 6,058 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 26,546 | | (7,375 | ) | 19,171 | | 26,046 | | (3,163 | ) | 22,883 | |
Subtotal | | 73,990 | | (48,601 | ) | 25,389 | | 62,779 | | 10,784 | | 73,563 | |
Residential real estate | | (43,072 | ) | (1,532 | ) | (44,604 | ) | 3,588 | | 4,883 | | 8,471 | |
Total loans and leases | | 30,918 | | (50,133 | ) | (19,215 | ) | 66,367 | | 15,667 | | 82,034 | |
Total interest income | | 56,614 | | (56,686 | ) | (72 | ) | 55,198 | | 19,382 | | 74,580 | |
Deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Checking | | 275 | | (1,117 | ) | (842 | ) | 184 | | 164 | | 348 | |
Savings | | (196 | ) | (3,903 | ) | (4,099 | ) | (864 | ) | — | | (864 | ) |
Money market | | 4,252 | | (8,247 | ) | (3,995 | ) | 804 | | 5,261 | | 6,065 | |
Subtotal | | 4,331 | | (13,267 | ) | (8,936 | ) | 124 | | 5,425 | | 5,549 | |
Certificates | | (11,559 | ) | (13,872 | ) | (25,431 | ) | (3,187 | ) | 19,237 | | 16,050 | |
Total deposits | | (7,228 | ) | (27,139 | ) | (34,367 | ) | (3,063 | ) | 24,662 | | 21,599 | |
Borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Short-term borrowings | | 16,993 | | (21,411 | ) | (4,418 | ) | 9,973 | | 6,912 | | 16,885 | |
Long-term borrowings | | 843 | | (4,816 | ) | (3,973 | ) | 15,537 | | 6,236 | | 21,773 | |
Total borrowings | | 17,836 | | (26,227 | ) | (8,391 | ) | 25,510 | | 13,148 | | 38,658 | |
Total interest expense | | 10,608 | | (53,366 | ) | (42,758 | ) | 22,447 | | 37,810 | | 60,257 | |
Net interest income | | $ | 46,006 | | $ | (3,320 | ) | $ | 42,686 | | $ | 32,751 | | $ | (18,428 | ) | $ | 14,323 | |
(1) Changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.
Changes in net interest income are dependent upon the volume and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the movement of interest rates and the level of non-performing assets. Achieving net interest margin growth is dependent on TCF’s ability to generate higher-yielding assets and lower cost retail deposits. If variable index rates (e.g., prime) were to decline, TCF may experience compression of its net interest margin depending on the timing and amount of any reductions, as it is possible that interest rates paid on retail deposits will not decline as quickly, or to the same extent, as the decline in the yield on interest-rate-sensitive assets such as home equity loans. Competition for checking, savings and money market deposits, important sources of lower cost funds for TCF, is intense. TCF may also experience compression in its net interest margin if the rates paid on deposits increase, or as a result of new pricing strategies and lower rates offered on loan products in order to respond to competitive conditions or if the rates paid for short-term and long-term borrowings increase faster, or to a greater extent, than the increase in the yield or interest-rate-sensitive assets. See “Financial Condition—Market Risk—Interest-Rate Risk” and “Financial Condition—Deposits.”
In 2001, TCF’s net interest income increased $42.7 million, or 9.7%, and total average interest-earning assets increased by $592.9 million, or 5.9%, compared with 2000 levels. TCF’s net interest income improved by $46 million due to volume changes and decreased $3.3 million due to rate changes. The increases in net interest income and net interest margin are primarily due to the growth in higher yielding commercial and consumer loans and leasing and equipment finance along with the strong growth in low-cost checking, savings and money market deposits, as well as the decrease in interest rates and interest paid on certificates and borrowings. These favorable trends were partially offset by the anticipated reduction in residential real estate loans. Interest income decreased by $72,000 in 2001 reflecting a decrease of $56.7 million due to rate, substantially offset by an increase of $56.6 million
26
due to volume changes. Interest expense decreased $42.8 million in 2001, reflecting a decrease of $53.4 million due to lower cost of funds, partially offset by a $10.6 million increase due to volume changes. The increase in net interest income due to volume changes reflects the increase in total average interest-earning assets and an increase in the balance of non-interest bearing deposits. The decrease in net interest income due to rate changes reflects the impact of declining rates on interest earning assets greater than the impact of declining rates on interest bearing liabilities.
In 2000, TCF’s net interest income increased $14.3 million, or 3.4%, and total average interest-earning assets increased by $578.7 million, or 6.1%, compared with 1999 levels. TCF’s net interest income improved by $32.8 million due to volume changes and decreased $18.4 million due to rate changes. The favorable impact of the growth in consumer lending volumes and rates, leasing and equipment finance volumes, and commercial real estate volumes and rates was partially offset by decreased consumer finance automobile and securities available for sale volumes and increased borrowings volumes. Interest income increased $74.6 million in 2000, reflecting increases of $55.2 million due to volume and $19.4 million due to rate changes. Interest expense increased $60.3 million in 2000, reflecting increases of $37.8 million due to a higher cost of funds and $22.4 million due to volume. The increase in net interest income due to volume changes reflects the increase in total average interest-earning assets and an increase in the balance of non-interest bearing deposits. The decrease in net interest income due to rate changes reflects a higher cost of funds.
In 1999, TCF’s net interest income decreased $1.5 million, or .4%, and total average interest-earning assets increased by $692 million, or 7.9%, compared with 1998 levels. TCF’s net interest income improved by $15.5 million due to volume changes. The increase in net interest income due to volume reflects the increase in total average interest-earning assets. Net interest income decreased $17 million due to rate changes in 1999, reflecting loan prepayments and the discontinuation of TCF’s higher-yielding consumer finance business. TCF’s 1999 net interest income and net interest margin were negatively impacted, as compared with 1998, by $17.4 million or 11 basis points due to the discontinuation and sale of TCF’s higher-yielding consumer finance automobile business. The unfavorable impact of the discontinuation of TCF’s consumer finance automobile business, decreased yields on loans and leases resulting, in part, from the implementation of new tiered pricing for home equity loans in early 1999, and increased borrowing volumes was partially offset by increased securities available for sale and loan and lease volumes, decreased rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities and decreased certificate of deposit volumes. Interest income increased $3.2 million in 1999, reflecting an increase of $45.9 million due to volume, partially offset by a decrease of $42.7 million due to rate changes. Interest expense increased $4.7 million in 1999, reflecting an increase of $30.4 million due to volume, partially offset by a decrease of $25.7 million due to a lower cost of funds.
PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES—TCF provided $20.9 million for credit losses in 2001, compared with $14.8 million in 2000 and $16.9 million in 1999. Net loan and lease charge-offs were $12.5 million, or .15% of average loans and leases, in 2001, compared with $3.9 million, or .05%, in 2000 and $26.4 million, or .35% of average loans and leases in 1999. The increase in provisions and net loan and lease charge-offs from 2000 reflects the impact of the growth in commercial loan and leasing and equipment finance portfolios coupled with increased charge-offs in the leasing and equipment finance portfolio. Leasing and equipment finance net charge-offs were $9.1 million, or 1% of related average loans and leases during 2001, compared with $2.2 million, or .33% in 2000 and $1.6 million, or .39% of related average loans and leases in 1999. The provision for credit losses is calculated as part of the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses. The determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the related provision for credit losses is a critical accounting policy which involves a number of factors such as net charge-offs, delinquencies in the loan and lease portfolio, general economic conditions and management’s assessment of credit risk in the current loan and lease portfolio. The allowance for loan and lease losses totaled $75 million at December 31, 2001, compared with $66.7 million at December 31, 2000, and was 144% of non-accrual loans and leases. See “Financial Condition—Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses.”
NON-INTEREST INCOME—Non-interest income is a significant source of revenues for TCF, representing 43.6% of total revenues in 2001, and is an important factor in TCF’s results of operations. Providing a wide range of retail banking services is an integral component of TCF’s business philosophy and a major strategy for generating additional non-interest income. Excluding gains on sales of securities available for sale, loan servicing, branches, subsidiaries and title insurance revenues, non-interest income increased $43.8 million, or 13.6%, during 2001 to $367.3 million. The increase was primarily due to increased fees and service charges and electronic funds transfer and leasing revenues, reflecting TCF’s expanded retail banking and leasing operations and customer base. The increases in fees and service charges and electronic funds transfer revenues primarily reflect the increase in the number of retail checking accounts, which totaled 1,249,000 accounts at December 31, 2001, up from 1,131,000 at December 31, 2000. The average annual fee revenue per retail checking account was $209 for 2001, compared with $190 for 2000.
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The following table presents the components of non-interest income:
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Percentage Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Fees and service charges | | $ | 194,321 | | $ | 166,240 | | $ | 138,198 | | $ | 109,934 | | $ | 83,993 | | 16.9 | % | 20.3 | % |
Electronic funds transfer revenues | | 87,134 | | 78,101 | | 67,144 | | 50,556 | | 30,808 | | 11.6 | | 16.3 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 45,730 | | 38,442 | | 28,505 | | 31,344 | | 32,025 | | 19.0 | | 34.9 | |
Mortgage banking | | 12,042 | | 10,519 | | 12,770 | | 16,877 | | 13,768 | | 14.5 | | (17.6 | ) |
Investments and insurance | | 11,535 | | 12,266 | | 14,849 | | 13,926 | | 11,892 | | (6.0 | ) | (17.4 | ) |
Other | | 16,545 | | 17,895 | | 12,854 | | 13,058 | | 11,281 | | (7.5 | ) | 39.2 | |
Fees and other revenues | | 367,307 | | 323,463 | | 274,320 | | 235,695 | | 183,767 | | 13.6 | | 17.9 | |
Gains on sales of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Branches | | 3,316 | | 12,813 | | 12,160 | | 18,585 | | 14,187 | | (74.1 | ) | 5.4 | |
Securities available for sale | | 863 | | — | | 3,194 | | 2,246 | | 8,509 | | N.M. | | (100.0 | ) |
Loan servicing | | — | | — | | 3,076 | | 2,414 | | 1,622 | | — | | (100.0 | ) |
Subsidiaries and joint venture interest | | — | | — | | 5,522 | | 5,580 | | — | | — | | (100.0 | ) |
Title insurance revenues(1) | | — | | — | | 15,421 | | 20,161 | | 13,730 | | — | | (100.0 | ) |
Other non-interest income | | 4,179 | | 12,813 | | 39,373 | | 48,986 | | 38,048 | | (67.4 | ) | (67.5 | ) |
Total non-interest income | | $ | 371,486 | | $ | 336,276 | | $ | 313,693 | | $ | 284,681 | | $ | 221,815 | | 10.5 | | 7.2 | |
Fees and other revenues as a percentage of top-line revenues | | 43.29 | % | 42.45 | % | 39.27 | % | 35.63 | % | 31.83 | % | | | | |
Fees and other revenues as a percentage of average assets | | 3.18 | | 2.98 | | 2.67 | | 2.45 | | 2.25 | | | | | |
(1) Title insurance business was sold in 1999.
N.M. Not meaningful.
Fees and service charges increased $28.1 million, or 16.9%, in 2001 and $28 million, or 20.3%, in 2000, primarily as a result of expanded retail banking activities. These increases reflect the impact of the investment in de novo branch expansion and the increase in the number of retail checking accounts and per account revenues noted above.
Electronic funds transfer revenues increased $9 million, or 11.6%, in 2001 and $11 million, or 16.3%, in 2000. These increases reflect TCF’s efforts to provide banking services through its EXPRESS TELLER ATM network and TCF Express Cards. Included in electronic funds transfer revenues are Express Card interchange fees of $37.4 million, $28.7 million and $19.5 million for 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The significant increase in these fees reflects an increase in the distribution of Express Cards, and an increase in utilization resulting from TCF’s phone card promotion which rewards customers with long distance minutes based on usage, a promotion begun in February 2000. TCF had 1.4 million EXPRESS TELLER ATM cards outstanding at December 31, 2001, of which 1.2 million were Express Cards. At December 31, 2000, TCF had 1.2 million EXPRESS TELLER ATM cards outstanding, of which 1.1 million were Express Cards. The percentage of TCF’s checking account base with Express Cards increased to 78.3% during 2001, from 74.8% during 2000. The percentage of these customers who were active Express Card users increased to 51.3% during 2001, from 49.3% during 2000. The average number of transactions per month on active Express Cards increased to 10.92 during 2001, from 9.99 during 2000. Also included in electronic funds transfer revenues are ATM revenues of $45.8 million, $47.3 million and $46.4 million for 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The decline in ATM revenues in 2001 was attributable to fewer ATM machines coupled with a decline in utilization of machines by non-customers as the number of alternative ATM machines has increased and as check card usage has reduced the need for cash by customers. Additionally, as contracts are renewed and entered into, merchants have generally required larger percentages of the fee charged to non-customers. At December 31, 2001, TCF had 1,341 EXPRESS TELLER ATM’s in its network compared with 1,384 EXPRESS TELLER ATM’s at December 31, 2000. In 2002, the contracts covering 256 EXPRESS TELLER ATM’s will expire and not be renewed. The expiration of the contracts on these machines is not expected to have a material impact on future ATM revenues.
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Leasing and equipment finance revenues increased $7.3 million, or 19%, in 2001 to $45.7 million, following an increase of $9.9 million or 34.9%, in 2000 to $38.4 million. The volume and type of new lease transactions and the resulting revenues may fluctuate from period to period based upon factors not within the control of TCF, such as economic conditions. The increase in total leasing and equipment finance revenues for 2001 is primarily due to increases of $3.6 million from sales-type lease transactions, $3.1 million from operating lease transactions and $644,000 in other revenues. The increase in total leasing revenues for 2000 was primarily due to increased revenue of $6.8 million from sales-type lease transactions and an increase of $1.7 million in operating lease transactions. TCF’s ability to grow its lease portfolio is dependent upon its ability to place new equipment in service. In an adverse economic environment, there may be a decline in the demand for some types of equipment which TCF leases, resulting in a decline in the amount of new equipment being placed into service.
The following table sets forth information about mortgage banking revenues:
| | | | Percentage | |
Year Ended December 31, | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Servicing income | | $ | 16,932 | | $ | 12,642 | | $ | 12,981 | | $ | 17,146 | | $ | 17,093 | | 33.9 | % | (2.6 | )% |
Less: Mortgage servicing amortization and impairment | | 20,964 | | 5,326 | | 4,906 | | 6,814 | | 4,853 | | N.M. | | 8.6 | |
Net servicing income (loss) | | (4,032 | ) | 7,316 | | 8,075 | | 10,332 | | 12,240 | | N.M. | | (9.4 | ) |
Gains on sales of loans | | 11,795 | | 1,347 | | 3,194 | | 4,536 | | 1,229 | | N.M. | | (57.8 | ) |
Other income | | 4,279 | | 1,856 | | 1,501 | | 2,009 | | 299 | | 130.5 | | 23.7 | |
Total mortgage banking | | $ | 12,042 | | $ | 10,519 | | $ | 12,770 | | $ | 16,877 | | $ | 13,768 | | 14.5 | | (17.6 | ) |
N.M. Not meaningful.
Mortgage banking revenues increased $1.5 million or 14.5% in 2001, following a decrease of $2.3 million or 17.6% in 2000. The increase in revenues during 2001 is attributable to increased loan origination and sale activity, partially offset by increased amortization and impairment of mortgage service rights due to high levels of actual and assumed prepayments and increased volumes. The decrease in total mortgage banking revenues for 2000 was primarily due to a decline in gains on sales of loans and net servicing income due to lower levels of originations of mortgages and the related servicing rights. At December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, TCF was servicing mortgage loans for others with aggregate unpaid principal balances of $4.7 billion, $4 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively.
As noted above, mortgage banking revenues are impacted by the amount of amortization and impairment of mortgage servicing rights. The capitalization, amortization and impairment of mortgage servicing rights are critical accounting policies to TCF and are subject to significant estimates. These estimates are based upon loan types, note rates and prepayment assumptions for the overall portfolio. Changes in the mix of loans, interest rates, defaults or prepayment speeds may have a material effect on the amortization amount and possible impairment in valuation. In a declining interest rate environment, prepayments will increase and result in an acceleration in the amortization of the mortgage servicing rights as the underlying portfolio declines and also may result in impairment valuation charges as the value of the mortgage servicing rights decline. TCF periodically evaluates its capitalized mortgage servicing rights for impairment. Any impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance. See Notes 1 and 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning TCF’s mortgage servicing rights.
The following table summarizes the prepayment speed assumptions used in the determination of the valuation and amortization of mortgage servicing rights as of December 31, 2001:
| | | | Prepayment Speed | | Weighted Average | |
Interest Rate Tranche | | Unpaid Balance | | Assumption | | Life (in Years) | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
0 to 7.00% | | $ | 2,386,402 | | 12.4 | % | 7.4 | |
7.01 to 8.00% | | 1,993,510 | | 17.9 | | 5.1 | |
8.01 to 9.00% | | 275,001 | | 27.8 | | 3.1 | |
9.01% and higher | | 24,442 | | 29.4 | | 2.6 | |
| | $ | 4,679,355 | | 14.9 | | 6.2 | |
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Investments and insurance income, consisting principally of commissions on sales of annuities and mutual funds, decreased $731,000 to $11.5 million in 2001, following a decrease of $2.6 million to $12.3 million in 2000. Annuity and mutual fund sales volumes totaled $165 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, compared with $170.2 million during 2000. The decreased sales volumes during 2001 reflect the impact of lower yields offered by insurance companies on annuity products, and the volatility of the stock market affecting sales of mutual funds. Sales of insurance and investments may fluctuate from period to period, and future sales levels will depend upon general economic conditions and investor preferences. Sales of annuities will also depend upon continued favorable tax treatment and may be negatively impacted by the level of interest rates.
During 2001, TCF recognized a gain of $3.3 million on the sale of a branch with $30 million in deposits, compared with gains of $12.8 million on the sales of six branches with $95.7 million in deposits during 2000. TCF recognized gains of $12.2 million on the sales of eight branches with $116.7 million in deposits in 1999. TCF periodically sells branches that it considers to be underperforming, or have limited growth potential, and may continue to do so in the future, including one planned branch sale during the first quarter of 2002.
Gains on sales of securities available for sale totaled $863,000 in 2001. There were no sales of securities available for sale during 2000. Sales of securities available for sale produced gains of $3.2 million in 1999. In 1999, TCF recognized $3.1 million in gains on sales of $344.6 million of third-party loan servicing rights. No sales of third-party loan servicing rights occurred during 2000 and 2001. TCF may, from time to time, sell securities available for sale and loan servicing rights depending on market conditions.
During the 1999 fourth quarter, TCF sold its title insurance and appraisal operations and recognized a gain of $5.5 million, and will recognize a deferred gain of up to $15 million over the ensuing five years based upon TCF’s use of services. TCF earned and recognized in other non-interest income $5.2 million and $4.5 million during 2001 and 2000, respectively. Title insurance revenues are no longer recognized by TCF as a result of its sale of these operations. Title insurance revenues totaled $15.4 million in 1999.
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE—Non-interest expense increased $44.8 million, or 9.8%, in 2001, and $9.3 million, or 2.1%, in 2000, compared with the respective prior years. The following table presents the components of non-interest expense:
| | | | | | | | | | | | Percentage | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Compensation and employee benefits | | $ | 267,716 | | $ | 239,544 | | $ | 239,053 | | $ | 217,401 | | $ | 180,482 | | 11.8 | % | .2 | % |
Occupancy and equipment | | 78,774 | | 74,938 | | 73,613 | | 71,323 | | 58,352 | | 5.1 | | 1.8 | |
Advertising and promotions | | 20,909 | | 19,181 | | 16,981 | | 19,544 | | 19,157 | | 9.0 | | 13.0 | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 7,777 | | 7,706 | | 7,713 | | 7,816 | | 4,069 | | .9 | | (.1 | ) |
Other | | 126,820 | | 115,833 | | 110,532 | | 105,802 | | 94,449 | | 9.5 | | 4.8 | |
Total non-interest expense | | $ | 501,996 | | $ | 457,202 | | $ | 447,892 | | $ | 421,886 | | $ | 356,509 | | 9.8 | | 2.1 | |
Compensation and employee benefits, representing 53.3% and 52.4% of total non-interest expense in 2001 and 2000, respectively, increased $28.2 million, or 11.8%, in 2001, and $491,000, or .2%, in 2000. The 2001 increase of 11.8% was primarily due to costs associated with expanded retail banking and leasing activities. Also contributing to the increase during 2001 is the increase in compensation and benefits resulting from the significant increase in mortgage banking activities. The slight increase in 2000 is the result of increases in expanded retail and leasing activities offset by the cost savings from the sale of TCF’s title insurance and appraisal operations during the fourth quarter of 1999.
Occupancy and equipment expenses increased $3.8 million in 2001 and $1.3 million in 2000. The increases were primarily due to TCF’s expanded retail banking and leasing activities, partially offset by branch sales.
Advertising and promotion expenses increased $1.7 million in 2001 following an increase of $2.2 million in 2000. These increases are primarily due to retail banking activities and promotional expenses associated with the TCF Express Phone Card, where customers earn free long distance phone minutes for use of their Express Cards. TCF awarded over 67 million and 38 million phone minutes during 2001 and 2000, respectively, under this promotion.
Other non-interest expense increased $11 million, or 9.5%, in 2001, primarily the result of increased expenses associated with higher levels of activity in mortgage banking and expanded retail banking and leasing operations. In 2000, other non-interest expense
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increased $5.3 million, or 4.8%, reflecting costs associated with expanded retail banking and leasing activities, including increases in deposit account losses. A summary of other expense is presented in Note 24 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
INCOME TAXES—TCF recorded income tax expense of $122.5 million in 2001, compared with $116.6 million in 2000 and $107.1 million in 1999. Income tax expense represented 37.14% of income before income tax expense during 2001, compared with 38.5% and 39.2% in 2000 and 1999, respectively. The lower tax rates in 2001 and 2000 primarily reflect the impact of favorable conclusion of prior years taxes, lower state income taxes and the reduced effect of non-deductible expenses as a percent of pre-tax net income.
The determination of current and deferred income taxes is a critical accounting policy which is based on complex analyses of many factors including interpretation of Federal and state income tax laws, the differences between tax and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities (temporary differences), estimates of amounts due or owed such as the timing of reversal of temporary differences and current financial accounting standards. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates and interpretations used in determining the current and deferred income tax liabilities. Further detail on income taxes is provided in Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Consolidated Financial Condition Analysis
INVESTMENTS—Total investments, which include interest-bearing deposits with banks, federal funds sold, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock, Federal Reserve Bank stock and other investments, increased $21.9 million in 2001 to $155.9 million at December 31, 2001. The increase primarily reflects an increase of $20.7 million in FHLB stock. TCF had no non-investment grade debt securities (junk bonds) and there were no open trading account or investment option positions as of December 31, 2001 or 2000. TCF is required to invest in FHLB stock in proportion to its level of borrowings from the FHLB.
SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE—Securities available for sale increased $180.8 million during 2001 to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2001. This increase reflects purchases of $567.3 million of mortgage-backed securities in March 2001 in response to expected declines in the residential real estate loan portfolio, partially offset by sales of $33.6 million in mortgage-backed securities and normal payment and prepayment activity. At December 31, 2001, TCF’s securities available-for-sale portfolio included $1.5 billion and $47.2 million of fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage-backed securities, respectively. Net unrealized pre-tax gains on securities available for sale totaled $9.8 million at December 31, 2001, compared with net unrealized pre-tax losses of $15.6 million at December 31, 2000.
LOANS HELD FOR SALE—Loans held for sale included residential mortgage and education loans. Education loans held for sale were $165.1 million and $153.2 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Residential mortgage loans held for sale were $286.6 million and $74.5 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The increase in residential mortgage loans held for sale reflects the increase in refinance activity experienced in the mortgage banking segment as a result of the decline in interest rates.
LOANS AND LEASES—The following table sets forth information about loans and leases held in TCF’s portfolio, excluding loans held for sale:
| | | | | | | | | | | | Percentage | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Consumer | | $ | 2,509,333 | | $ | 2,234,134 | | $ | 2,058,584 | | $ | 1,876,554 | | $ | 1,976,699 | | 12.3 | % | 8.5 | % |
Commercial real estate | | 1,622,461 | | 1,371,841 | | 1,073,472 | | 811,428 | | 859,916 | | 18.3 | | 27.8 | |
Commercial business | | 422,381 | | 410,422 | | 351,353 | | 289,104 | | 240,207 | | 2.9 | | 16.8 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 956,737 | | 856,471 | | 492,656 | | 398,812 | | 368,521 | | 11.7 | | 73.8 | |
Subtotal | | 5,510,912 | | 4,872,868 | | 3,976,065 | | 3,375,898 | | 3,445,343 | | 13.1 | | 22.6 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,733,290 | | 3,673,831 | | 3,919,678 | | 3,765,280 | | 3,623,845 | | (25.6 | ) | (6.3 | ) |
Total loans and leases | | $ | 8,244,202 | | $ | 8,546,699 | | $ | 7,895,743 | | $ | 7,141,178 | | $ | 7,069,188 | | (3.5 | ) | 8.2 | |
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Loans and leases decreased $302.5 million from year-end 2000 to $8.2 billion at December 31, 2001, reflecting increases of $275.2 million in consumer loans, $250.6 million in commercial real estate loans and $100.3 million in leasing and equipment finance, respectively, offset by an anticipated decrease of $940.5 million in residential real estate loans. At December 31, 2001, TCF’s residential real estate loan portfolio was comprised of $1.5 billion of fixed-rate loans and $1.2 billion of adjustable-rate loans. The decline in the residential portfolio during 2001 was due to accelerating prepayments brought on by the declining interest rate environment. Management expects that the balance in the residential loan portfolio will continue to decline, which will provide funding for anticipated growth in other loan categories.
Consumer loans increased $275.2 million from year-end 2000 to $2.5 billion at December 31, 2001, reflecting an increase of $291.6 million in home equity loans. Approximately 70% of the home equity loan portfolio at December 31, 2001 consists of closed-end loans, compared with 68% at December 31, 2000. In addition, 51% of this portfolio carries a variable interest rate, compared with 47% at December 31, 2000. As a result of falling interest rates during 2001, $946 million of the variable rate consumer loans were at their interest rate floors as of December 31, 2001. These loans will remain at their interest rate floor until interest rates rise above the floor rate. An increase in the TCF base interest rate of 100 basis points would result in the repricing of $366.9 million of variable rate consumer loans currently at their floor. A 200 basis point increase in the TCF base interest rate would result in a total of $654.5 million of these loans repricing at interest rates above their current floor.
As a result of the tiered pricing structure introduced in early 1999 for its home equity loans, TCF experienced an increase in the loan-to-value ratios on new home equity loans. Many of these loans are secured by a first lien on the home and include an advance to pay off an existing first lien mortgage loan. These loans may carry a higher level of credit risk than loans with a lower loan-to-value ratio. Higher loan-to-value ratio loans are made to more creditworthy customers based on credit scoring models. Notwithstanding the above mentioned increase, the weighted average loan-to-value ratio for the home equity loan portfolio at December 31, 2001 was 72%, compared with 77% at December 31, 2000.
The following table sets forth additional information about the loan-to-value ratios for TCF’s home equity loan portfolio:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
Loan-to-Value Ratios(1) | | Balance | | Percent of Total | | Over 30-Day Delinquency as a Percentage of Portfolio | | Balance | | Percent of Total | | Over 30-Day Delinquency as a Percentage of Portfolio | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Over 105%(2) | | $ | 10,203 | | .4 | % | 2.69 | % | $ | 5,766 | | .3 | % | — | % |
Over 100% to 105%(2) | | 56,375 | | 2.3 | | 1.43 | | 39,867 | | 1.8 | | 2.10 | |
Over 90% to 100% | | 396,333 | | 16.2 | | .69 | | 486,536 | | 22.6 | | .97 | |
Over 80% to 90% | | 802,094 | | 32.8 | | .64 | | 648,218 | | 30.1 | | .93 | |
80% or less | | 1,178,783 | | 48.3 | | .69 | | 971,760 | | 45.2 | | .77 | |
Total | | $ | 2,443,788 | | 100.0 | % | .70 | | $ | 2,152,147 | | 100.0 | % | .89 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Loan-to-value is based on the loan amount (current outstanding balance on closed-end loans and the total commitment on lines of credit) plus deferred loan origination costs net of fees and refundable insurance premiums, if any, plus the original amount of senior liens, if any. Property values represent the most recent appraised value or property tax assessment value known to TCF.
(2) Amount reflects the total outstanding loan balance. The portion of the loan balance in excess of 100% of the property value is substantially less.
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The following table summarizes TCF’s commercial real estate loan portfolio by property type:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | | | Over 30-Day | | | | | | Over 30-Day | |
| | | | | | Delinquency as | | | | | | Delinquency as | |
| | | | Number | | a Percentage | | | | Number | | a Percentage | |
| | Balance | | of Loans | | of Portfolio | | Balance | | of Loans | | of Portfolio | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Apartments | | $ | 431,679 | | 586 | | .03 | % | $ | 326,594 | | 544 | | .12 | % |
Office buildings | | 364,357 | | 283 | | .08 | | 318,230 | | 279 | | — | |
Retail services | | 217,408 | | 243 | | — | | 171,747 | | 221 | | .05 | |
Hotels and motels | | 144,424 | | 34 | | — | | 159,383 | | 34 | | — | |
Warehouse/industrial buildings | | 159,090 | | 165 | | — | | 120,852 | | 156 | | — | |
Health care facilities | | 24,698 | | 15 | | — | | 28,783 | | 18 | | — | |
Other | | 280,805 | | 448 | | .04 | | 246,252 | | 546 | | .54 | |
| | $ | 1,622,461 | | 1,774 | | .03 | | $ | 1,371,841 | | 1,798 | | .13 | |
Commercial real estate loans increased $250.6 million from year-end 2000 to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2001. Commercial business loans increased $12 million in 2001 to $422.4 million at December 31, 2001. TCF continues to expand its commercial business and commercial real estate lending activity to borrowers located in its primary midwestern markets. With a primary focus on secured lending, at December 31, 2001, approximately 98% of TCF’s commercial real estate and commercial business loans are secured either by properties or underlying business assets. At December 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, the construction and development portfolio included $31.5 million and $28 million, respectively, of hotel and motel loans and $2.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of apartment loans. At December 31, 2001, approximately 86% of TCF’s commercial real estate loans outstanding were secured by properties located in its primary markets.
The following table summarizes TCF’s leasing and equipment finance portfolio:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | | | Over 30-Day | | | | | | Over 30-Day | |
| | | | | | Delinquency as | | | | | | Delinquency as | |
| | | | Percent | | a Percentage | | | | Percent | | a Percentage | |
| | Balance | | of Total | | of Portfolio | | Balance | | of Total | | of Portfolio | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Winthrop(1) | | $ | 307,335 | | 32.1 | % | .24 | % | $ | 357,113 | | 41.7 | % | .73 | % |
Wholesale(2) | | 204,792 | | 21.4 | | .28 | | 160,050 | | 18.7 | | .35 | |
Middle market | | 181,826 | | 19.0 | | 2.14 | | 86,532 | | 10.1 | | 1.66 | |
Truck and trailer | | 144,485 | | 15.1 | | 7.59 | | 152,740 | | 17.8 | | 6.84 | |
Small ticket(3) | | 100,691 | | 10.5 | | 1.17 | | 82,867 | | 9.7 | | .80 | |
Leveraged lease | | 17,608 | | 1.9 | | — | | 17,169 | | 2.0 | | — | |
Total | | $ | 956,737 | | 100.0 | % | 1.84 | | $ | 856,471 | | 100.0 | % | 1.83 | |
(1) Winthrop consists primarily of high-tech equipment, computers, telecommunications and point of sale equipment.
(2) Wholesale includes the discounting and purchase or origination of lease receivables sourced by third party lessors.
(3) Small ticket includes lease financings to small- and mid-size companies through programs with vendors, manufacturers, distributors and franchise organizations. Individual contracts generally range from $25,000 to $250,000.
Leasing and equipment finance increased $100.3 million from year-end 2000 to $956.7 million at December 31, 2001. At December 31, 2001, $143.7 million or 20.6% of TCF’s lease portfolio was funded on a non-recourse basis with other banks and consequently TCF retains no credit risk on such amounts. This compares with non-recourse fundings of $165.8 million or 25.4% at December 31, 2000. Total loan and lease originations for TCF’s leasing businesses were $492.3 million during 2001, compared with $648.1 million in 2000 and $327.3 million in 1999. The leasing and equipment finance businesses have experienced a slowdown in originations due
33
to the current economy. At December 31, 2001, the backlog of approved transactions related to TCF’s leasing businesses totaled $126.1 million, compared with $165.6 million at December 31, 2000. The increase in the leasing and equipment finance portfolio is primarily due to the de novo expansion activity of TCF Leasing, which began in 1999. The investment in a leveraged lease represents a 100% equity interest in a Boeing 767 aircraft on lease to Delta Airlines in the United States. The aircraft is in service, the lessee is current on the lease payments and the lease expires in 2010. This lease represents TCF’s only material direct exposure to the commercial airline industry. TCF’s expanded leasing activity is subject to risk of cyclical downturns and other adverse economic developments affecting these industries and markets. TCF’s ability to grow its lease portfolio is dependent upon its ability to place new equipment in service. In an adverse economic environment, there is a lower demand for some types of equipment which TCF leases, resulting in a decline in the amount of new equipment being placed into service. TCF Leasing has originated most of its portfolio during recent periods, and consequently the performance of this portfolio may not be reflective of future results and credit quality.
Loans and leases outstanding at December 31, 2001 are shown in the following table by maturity:
| | At December 31, 2001(1) | |
| | | | | | | | Leasing and | | | | | |
| | | | Commercial | | Commercial | | Equipment | | Residential | | Total Loans | |
| | Consumer | | Real Estate | | Business | | Finance | | Real Estate | | and Leases | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Amounts due: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Within 1 year | | $ | 105,145 | | $ | 226,205 | | $ | 223,956 | | $ | 353,403 | | $ | 96,619 | | $ | 1,005,328 | |
After 1 year: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
1 to 2 years | | 98,836 | | 144,017 | | 86,765 | | 274,793 | | 97,549 | | 701,960 | |
2 to 3 years | | 110,143 | | 120,444 | | 59,135 | | 184,754 | | 99,774 | | 574,250 | |
3 to 5 years | | 180,394 | | 264,999 | | 40,975 | | 235,278 | | 205,893 | | 927,539 | |
5 to 10 years | | 607,274 | | 673,189 | | 7,007 | | — | | 495,478 | | 1,782,948 | |
10 to 15 years | | 1,077,266 | | 144,375 | | 87 | | — | | 432,558 | | 1,654,286 | |
Over 15 years | | 341,158 | | 53,212 | | 3,874 | | — | | 1,299,601 | | 1,697,845 | |
Total after 1 year | | 2,415,071 | | 1,400,236 | | 197,843 | | 694,825 | | 2,630,853 | | 7,338,828 | |
Total | | $ | 2,520,216 | | $ | 1,626,441 | | $ | 421,799 | | $ | 1,048,228 | | $ | 2,727,472 | | $ | 8,344,156 | |
Amounts due after 1 year on: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed-rate loans and leases | | $ | 1,195,400 | | $ | 279,948 | | $ | 65,426 | | $ | 694,825 | | $ | 1,447,277 | | $ | 3,682,876 | |
Adjustable-rate loans | | 1,219,671 | | 1,120,288 | | 132,417 | | — | | 1,183,576 | | 3,655,952 | |
Total after 1 year | | $ | 2,415,071 | | $ | 1,400,236 | | $ | 197,843 | | $ | 694,825 | | $ | 2,630,853 | | $ | 7,338,828 | |
(1) Gross of unearned discounts and deferred fees. This table does not include the effect of prepayments, which is an important consideration in management’s interest rate risk analysis. Company experience indicates that the loans remain outstanding for significantly shorter periods than their contractual terms.
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES—Credit risk is the risk of loss from a customer default. TCF has in place a process to identify and manage its credit risk. The process includes initial credit review and approval, periodic monitoring to measure compliance with credit agreements and internal credit policies, monitoring changes in the risk ratings of loans and leases, identification of problem loans and leases and special procedures for collection of problem loans and leases. The risk of loss is difficult to quantify and is subject to fluctuations in values and general economic conditions and other factors. As discussed previously, the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses is a critical accounting policy which involves estimates and management’s judgment on a number of factors such as net charge-offs, delinquencies in the loan and lease portfolio and general and economic conditions. The Company considers the allowance for loan and lease losses of $75 million adequate to cover losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio as of December 31, 2001. However, no assurance can be given that TCF will not, in any particular period, sustain loan and lease losses that are sizable in relation to the amount reserved, or that subsequent evaluations of the loan and lease portfolio, in light of factors then prevailing, including economic conditions and the on-going credit review process by TCF, will not require significant increases in the allowance for loan and lease losses. A protracted economic slowdown and/or a decline in real estate may have an adverse impact on the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses by increasing credit risk and the risk of potential loss. See Notes 1 and 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning TCF’s allowance for loan and lease losses.
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The following table sets forth information detailing the allowance for loan and lease losses and selected statistics:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 55,755 | | $ | 80,013 | | $ | 82,583 | | $ | 71,865 | |
Acquired balance | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 10,592 | |
Transfers to loans held for sale | | — | | — | | (14,793 | ) | — | | — | |
Charge-offs: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | (6,605 | ) | (7,041 | ) | (31,509 | ) | (30,108 | ) | (21,660 | ) |
Commercial real estate | | (122 | ) | (76 | ) | (674 | ) | (1,294 | ) | (927 | ) |
Commercial business | | (429 | ) | (143 | ) | (52 | ) | (42 | ) | (1,485 | ) |
Leasing and equipment finance | | (9,794 | ) | (2,426 | ) | (2,008 | ) | (979 | ) | (2,297 | ) |
Residential real estate | | (1 | ) | (15 | ) | (155 | ) | (291 | ) | (444 | ) |
| | (16,951 | ) | (9,701 | ) | (34,398 | ) | (32,714 | ) | (26,813 | ) |
Recoveries: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | 3,487 | | 4,576 | | 5,831 | | 5,222 | | 3,141 | |
Commercial real estate | | 103 | | 295 | | 1,381 | | 559 | | 2,530 | |
Commercial business | | 193 | | 690 | | 329 | | 635 | | 2,488 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 649 | | 254 | | 398 | | 345 | | 618 | |
Residential real estate | | — | | 28 | | 71 | | 103 | | 167 | |
| | 4,432 | | 5,843 | | 8,010 | | 6,864 | | 8,944 | |
Net charge-offs | | (12,519 | ) | (3,858 | ) | (26,388 | ) | (25,850 | ) | (17,869 | ) |
Provision charged to operations | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 16,923 | | 23,280 | | 17,995 | |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 75,028 | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 55,755 | | $ | 80,013 | | $ | 82,583 | |
Ratio of net loan and lease charge-offs to average loans and leases outstanding | | .15 | % | .05 | % | .35 | % | .36 | % | .30 | % |
Year-end allowance as a percentage of year-end total loan and lease balances | | .91 | | .78 | | .71 | | 1.12 | | 1.17 | |
Year-end allowance as a percentage of year-end loans and leases excluding residential real estate loans | | 1.32 | | 1.31 | | 1.33 | | 2.27 | | 2.30 | |
The allocation of TCF’s allowance for loan and lease losses, including general and specific loss allocations, is as follows:
| | At December 31, | | Allocations as a Percentage of Total Loans and Leases Outstanding by Type At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Consumer | | $ | 8,355 | | $ | 9,764 | | $ | 10,701 | | $ | 32,011 | | $ | 28,129 | | .33 | % | .44 | % | .52 | % | 1.71 | % | 1.42 | % |
Commercial real estate | | 24,459 | | 20,753 | | 12,708 | | 12,525 | | 15,065 | | 1.51 | | 1.51 | | 1.18 | | 1.54 | | 1.75 | |
Commercial business | | 12,117 | | 9,668 | | 8,256 | | 5,756 | | 4,520 | | 2.87 | | 2.36 | | 2.35 | | 1.99 | | 1.88 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 11,774 | | 7,583 | | 4,237 | | 2,955 | | 2,004 | | 1.23 | | .89 | | .86 | | .74 | | .54 | |
Unallocated | | 16,139 | | 16,139 | | 16,839 | | 23,295 | | 29,364 | | N.A. | | N.A. | | N.A. | | N.A. | | N.A. | |
Subtotal | | 72,844 | | 63,907 | | 52,741 | | 76,542 | | 79,082 | | 1.32 | | 1.31 | | 1.33 | | 2.27 | | 2.30 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,184 | | 2,762 | | 3,014 | | 3,471 | | 3,501 | | .08 | | .08 | | .08 | | .09 | | .10 | |
Total allowance balance | | $ | 75,028 | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 55,755 | | $ | 80,013 | | $ | 82,583 | | .91 | | .78 | | .71 | | 1.12 | | 1.17 | |
N.A. Not applicable.
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Additional information on the allowance for loan and lease losses follows:
| | At December 31, 2001 | | At December 31, 2000 | |
| | Allowance for | | | | Allowance | | Net | | Allowance for | | | | Allowance | | Net | |
| | Loan and | | Total Loans | | as a% of | | Charge | | Loan and | | Total Loans | | as a% of | | Charge | |
| | Lease Losses | | and Leases | | Portfolio | | Offs(1) | | Lease Losses | | and Leases | | Portfolio | | Offs(1) | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Consumer | | $ | 8,355 | | $ | 2,509,333 | | .33 | % | .13 | % | $ | 9,764 | | $ | 2,234,134 | | .44 | % | .12 | % |
Commercial real estate | | 24,459 | | 1,622,461 | | 1.51 | | — | | 20,753 | | 1,371,841 | | 1.51 | | (.02 | ) |
Commercial business | | 12,117 | | 422,381 | | 2.87 | | .06 | | 9,668 | | 410,422 | | 2.36 | | (.15 | ) |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 11,774 | | 956,737 | | 1.23 | | 1.00 | | 7,583 | | 856,471 | | .89 | | .33 | |
Unallocated | | 16,139 | | — | | N.A. | | N.A. | | 16,139 | | — | | N.A. | | N.A. | |
Subtotal | | 72,844 | | 5,510,912 | | 1.32 | | .24 | | 63,907 | | 4,872,868 | | 1.31 | | .09 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,184 | | 2,733,290 | | .08 | | — | | 2,762 | | 3,673,831 | | .08 | | — | |
Total | | $ | 75,028 | | $ | 8,244,202 | | .91 | | .15 | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 8,546,699 | | .78 | | .05 | |
(1) Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the year as a percentage of related average loans and leases.
N.A. Not applicable.
The allocated allowance balances for TCF’s residential, consumer and commercial real estate loan portfolios at December 31, 2001 reflect the Company’s continued strengthening of its credit quality and related low level of net loan charge-offs for these portfolios. The increase in the allocated allowance for leasing and equipment finance losses reflects the previously mentioned increase in the percentage of leases that are internally funded and the increase in charge-offs in the leasing and equipment finance portfolio. The allocated allowances for these portfolios do not reflect any significant changes in estimation methods or assumptions.
The increase in TCF’s allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases at December 31, 2001 reflects the impact of the significant growth in the commercial loan and leasing and equipment finance portfolios coupled with increased charge-offs in the leasing business. The allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of net loan and lease charge-offs during the year was 599% at December 31, 2001, compared with 1,728% at December 31, 2000 and 211% at December 31, 1999. Net loan and lease charge-offs were $12.5 million, or .15% of average loans and leases outstanding in 2001, compared with $3.9 million, or .05% of average loans and leases in 2000 and $26.4 million, or .35% of average loans and leases in 1999. The ratio of net loan charge-offs to average loans outstanding for TCF’s consumer portfolio was .13% for the year ended December 31, 2001, compared with .12% for the year ended December 31, 2000. Included in total net loan and lease charge-offs were $9.1 million and $2.2 million of leasing and equipment finance net charge-offs during 2001 and 2000, respectively.
The following table sets forth additional information regarding TCF’s leasing and equipment finance net charge-offs:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | % of Average | | | | % of Average | |
| | Net | | Loans and | | Net | | Loans and | |
| | Charge-offs | | Leases | | Charge-offs | | Leases | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Winthrop | | $ | 2,182 | | .64 | % | $ | 1,325 | | .38 | % |
Wholesale | | 1,621 | | .85 | | — | | — | |
Middle market | | 513 | | .39 | | 12 | | .03 | |
Truck and trailer | | 3,587 | | 2.31 | | 299 | | .32 | |
Small ticket | | 1,242 | | 1.37 | | 536 | | .81 | |
Leveraged lease | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Total | | $ | 9,145 | | 1.00 | | $ | 2,172 | | .33 | |
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NON-PERFORMING ASSETS—Non-performing assets consisting of non-accrual loans and leases and other real estate owned totaled $66.6 million at December 31, 2001, or .82% of net loans and leases, up $20.6 million from $46.1 million, or .54% at December 31, 2000. The increase in total non-performing assets reflects increases of $6.7 million, $3.3 million and $2.4 million in non-performing commercial real estate, commercial business and residential real estate assets, respectively. Also contributing to the increase in non-performing assets are increases of $3.4 million in non-accrual consumer loans and $2.6 million in non-accrual leasing and equipment finance. Approximately 57% of non-performing assets consist of, or are secured by, residential real estate. The accrual of interest income is generally discontinued when loans and leases become 90 days or more past due with respect to either principal or interest (150 days for loans secured by residential real estate) unless such loans and leases are adequately secured and in the process of collection.
Non-performing assets are summarized in the following table:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 1997 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Non-accrual loans and leases: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | $ | 16,473 | | $ | 13,027 | | $ | 12,178 | | $ | 17,745 | | $ | 21,037 | |
Commercial real estate | | 11,135 | | 5,820 | | 1,576 | | 4,352 | | 3,818 | |
Commercial business | | 3,550 | | 236 | | 2,960 | | 2,797 | | 3,370 | |
Leasing and equipment finance, net | | 11,723 | | 7,376 | | 1,310 | | 290 | | 117 | |
Residential real estate | | 6,959 | | 4,829 | | 5,431 | | 8,078 | | 8,451 | |
Total non-accrual loans and leases, net | | 49,840 | | 31,288 | | 23,455 | | 33,262 | | 36,793 | |
Non-recourse discounted lease rentals | | 2,134 | | 3,910 | | 619 | | 435 | | — | |
Total non-accrual loans and leases, gross | | 51,974 | | 35,198 | | 24,074 | | 33,697 | | 36,793 | |
Other real estate owned | | 14,655 | | 10,869 | | 10,912 | | 13,602 | | 18,353 | |
Total non-performing assets, gross | | $ | 66,629 | | $ | 46,067 | | $ | 34,986 | | $ | 47,299 | | $ | 55,146 | |
Total non-performing assets, net | | $ | 64,495 | | $ | 42,157 | | $ | 34,367 | | $ | 46,864 | | $ | 55,146 | |
Accruing loans and leases 90 days or more past due | | $ | 5,129 | | $ | 5,020 | | $ | 5,789 | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
Gross non-performing assets as a percentage of net loans and leases | | .82 | % | .54 | % | .45 | % | .67 | % | .79 | % |
Gross non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets | | .59 | | .41 | | .33 | | .47 | | .57 | |
The following table sets forth information regarding TCF’s delinquent loan and lease portfolio, excluding loans held for sale and non-accrual loans and leases:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | Percentage | | | | Percentage | |
| | Principal | | of Loans | | Principal | | of Loans | |
| | Balances | | and Leases | | Balances | | and Leases | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Loans and leases delinquent for: | | | | | | | | | |
30-59 days | | $ | 25,998 | | .32 | % | $ | 40,083 | | .47 | % |
60-89 days | | 15,646 | | .19 | | 13,755 | | .16 | |
90 days or more | | 5,129 | | .06 | | 5,020 | | .06 | |
Total | | $ | 46,773 | | .57 | % | $ | 58,858 | | .69 | % |
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The over 30-day delinquency rate on TCF’s loans and leases (excluding loans held for sale and non-accrual loans and leases) was .57% of loans and leases outstanding at December 31, 2001, compared with .69% at year-end 2000. TCF’s delinquency rates are determined using the contractual method. The following table sets forth information regarding TCF’s over 30-day delinquent loan and lease portfolio, excluding loans held for sale and non-accrual loans and leases:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | Principal | | Percentage | | Principal | | Percentage | |
| | Balances | | of Portfolio | | Balances | | of Portfolio | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Consumer | | $ | 17,939 | | .72 | % | $ | 20,628 | | .93 | % |
Commercial real estate | | 538 | | .03 | | 1,793 | | .13 | |
Commercial business | | 526 | | .13 | | 3,958 | | .96 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 17,393 | | 1.84 | | 15,508 | | 1.83 | |
Residential real estate | | 10,377 | | .38 | | 16,971 | | .46 | |
Total | | $ | 46,773 | | .57 | | $ | 58,858 | | .69 | |
TCF’s over 30-day delinquency on total leasing and equipment finance increased to 1.84% at December 31, 2001 from 1.83% at December 31, 2000. Included in delinquent leasing and equipment finance at December 31, 2001 are $754,000 of leases that have been funded on a non-recourse basis by third-party financial institutions, compared with $2.4 million at December 31, 2000. Delinquencies in the truck and trailer segment of the leasing and equipment finance portfolio were $11 million, or 7.6% at December 31, 2001, compared with $10.4 million, or 6.8%, at December 31, 2000. Also, non-accrual loans and leases in the truck and trailer segment of the leasing and equipment finance portfolio were $6.9 million at December 31, 2001, compared with $4.7 million at December 31, 2000. The increase in delinquencies and non-accrual loans and leases in the truck and trailer segment reflects the impact of higher fuel and insurance costs, driver shortages and the slowdown in freight activity caused by the slowing economy. Management continues to closely monitor the truck and trailer portfolio given the current economic environment. See “Loans and Leases.”
In addition to the non-accrual loans and leases, there were $79.9 million of loans and leases at December 31, 2001 for which management has concerns regarding the ability of the borrowers to meet existing repayment terms. This amount consists of loans and leases that were classified for regulatory purposes as substandard or doubtful, or were to customers that currently are experiencing financial difficulties or that management believes may experience financial difficulties in the future. This compares with $19.8 million of loans and leases at December 31, 2000. The increase in these classified assets is generally due to the slowing economy and results from the periodic review process and risk rating performed by TCF. Although these loans and leases are generally secured by commercial real estate or other corporate assets, they may be subject to future modifications of their terms or may become non-performing.
The recorded investment in loans that are considered to be impaired was $18.8 million and $6.8 million at December 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, respectively. The related allowance for credit losses was $5 million at December 31, 2001, compared with $1.3 million at December 31, 2000. All of the impaired loans were on non-accrual status. Management monitors the performance and classification of such loans and leases and the financial condition of these borrowers.
LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT—TCF manages its liquidity position to ensure that the funding needs of depositors and borrowers are met promptly and in a cost-effective manner. Asset liquidity arises from the ability to convert assets to cash as well as from the maturity of assets. Liability liquidity results from the ability of TCF to attract a diversity of funding sources to meet funding requirements promptly.
Deposits are the primary source of TCF’s funds for use in lending and for other general business purposes. In addition to deposits, TCF derives funds primarily from loan and lease repayments, proceeds from the discounting of leases and borrowings. Deposit inflows and outflows are significantly influenced by general interest rates, money market conditions, competition for funds and other factors. TCF’s deposit inflows and outflows have been and will continue to be affected by these factors. See “FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION.” Borrowings may be used to compensate for reductions in normal sources of funds, such as deposit inflows at less than projected levels, net deposit outflows or to support expanded activities. Historically, TCF has borrowed primarily from the FHLB, from institutional sources under reverse repurchase agreements and, to a lesser extent, from other sources. At December 31, 2001, TCF had over $2.3 billion in unused capacity under these funding sources, which could be used to meet future liquidity needs. See “Borrowings.”
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Potential sources of liquidity for TCF Financial Corporation (parent company only) include cash dividends from TCF’s wholly-owned bank subsidiaries, issuance of equity securities, borrowings under the Company’s $105 million bank line of credit and commercial paper program, and interest income. TCF’s subsidiary banks’ ability to pay dividends or make other capital distributions to TCF is restricted by regulation and may require regulatory approval. Undistributed earnings and profits at December 31, 2001 includes approximately $134.4 million for which no provision for federal income tax has been made. This amount represents earnings appropriated to bad debt reserves and deducted for federal income tax purposes, and is generally not available for payment of cash dividends or other distributions to shareholders without incurring an income tax liability based on the amount of earnings removed and current tax rates.
DEPOSITS—Checking, savings and money market deposits are an important source of lower cost funds and fee income for TCF. Deposits totaled $7.1 billion at December 31, 2001, up $207.1 million from December 31, 2000. As previously noted, TCF sold one branch with $30 million of deposits during 2001. Lower interest-cost checking, savings and money market deposits totaled $4.8 billion, up $692.5 million from December 31, 2000, and comprised 67.3% of total deposits at December 31, 2001, compared with 59.3% of total deposits at December 31, 2000. The average balance of these deposits for 2001 was $4.3 billion, an increase of $428.3 million over the $3.9 billion average balance for 2000. Higher interest-cost certificates of deposit decreased $485.4 million from December 31, 2000 as a result of TCF’s disciplined pricing and availability of other lower-cost funding sources. The Company’s weighted-average rate for deposits, including non-interest bearing deposits, decreased to 1.49% at December 31, 2001, from 3.12% at December 31, 2000, due to the change in mix of deposits and the declines in overall interest rates during 2001.
As previously noted, TCF continued to expand its supermarket banking franchise during 2001, opening 21 new branches during the year. TCF now has 234 supermarket branches. During the past year, the number of deposit accounts in TCF’s supermarket branches increased 14.6% to over 740,000 accounts and the balances increased 13% to $1.2 billion. The average rate on these deposits decreased from 2.73% at December 31, 2000 to 1.23% at December 31, 2001, due to general decreases in interest rates.
Additional information regarding TCF’s supermarket branches follows:
| | | | | | | | | | Percentage | |
| | At December 31, | | Increase (Decrease) | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 1998 | | 2001/2000 | | 2000/1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Number of branches | | 234 | | 213 | | 195 | | 160 | | 9.9 | % | 9.2 | % |
Number of deposit accounts | | 740,457 | | 646,084 | | 551,536 | | 406,146 | | 14.6 | | 17.1 | |
Deposits: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Checking | | $ | 591,000 | | $ | 475,162 | | $ | 354,074 | | $ | 272,194 | | 24.4 | | 34.2 | |
Savings | | 211,190 | | 135,000 | | 120,876 | | 96,496 | | 56.4 | | 11.7 | |
Money market | | 130,758 | | 108,557 | | 60,169 | | 55,070 | | 20.5 | | 80.4 | |
Subtotal | | 932,948 | | 718,719 | | 535,119 | | 423,760 | | 29.8 | | 34.3 | |
Certificates | | 279,777 | | 354,891 | | 290,579 | | 194,456 | | (21.2 | ) | 22.1 | |
Total deposits | | $ | 1,212,725 | | $ | 1,073,610 | | $ | 825,698 | | $ | 618,216 | | 13.0 | | 30.0 | |
Average rate on deposits | | 1.23 | % | 2.73 | % | 2.24 | % | 2.16 | % | (54.9 | ) | 21.9 | |
Total fees and other revenues for the year | | $ | 136,709 | | $ | 112,043 | | $ | 86,665 | | $ | 53,482 | | 22.0 | | 29.3 | |
Consumer loans outstanding | | $ | 305,081 | | $ | 233,393 | | $ | 192,931 | | $ | 108,213 | | 30.7 | | 21.0 | |
BORROWINGS—Borrowings totaled $3 billion at December 31, 2001, down $161.2 million from year-end 2000. The decrease was primarily due to high prepayments on the residential and securities available for sale portfolios and increased deposit funding which reduces reliance on borrowings. See Note 11 and 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for detailed information on TCF’s borrowings. Included in long-term borrowings at December 31, 2001, are $1.3 billion of fixed-rate FHLB advances which are callable at par on certain anniversary dates and quarterly thereafter until maturity. If called, the FHLB will provide replacement funding at the then prevailing market rate of interest for the remaining term-to-maturity of the advances, subject to standard terms and conditions. The weighted-average rate on borrowings decreased to 4.85% at December 31, 2001, from 6.23% at December 31, 2000, due to general decreases in interest rates. At December 31, 2001, borrowings with a maturity of one year or less totaled $795.5 million.
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TCF does not have any unconsolidated subsidiaries, partnerships, special purpose entities or other forms of off-balance-sheet borrowings. See Note 19 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information relating to off-balance-sheet instruments.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS—As disclosed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, TCF has certain obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts. At December 31, 2001, the aggregate contractual obligations (excluding bank deposits) and commercial commitments are as follows:
| | Payments Due by Period | |
| | | | Less than | | 1-3 | | 4-5 | | After 5 | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | 1 year | | Years | | Years | | Years | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Total borrowings | | $ | 3,023,025 | | $ | 719,859 | | $ | 1,577,204 | | $ | 303,462 | | $ | 422,500 | |
Annual rental commitments under non-cancellable operating leases | | 118,048 | | 16,649 | | 29,067 | | 23,898 | | 48,434 | |
| | $ | 3,141,073 | | $ | 736,508 | | $ | 1,606,271 | | $ | 327,360 | | $ | 470,934 | |
| | Amount of Commitment—Expiration by Period | |
| | | | Less than | | 1-3 | | 4-5 | | After 5 | |
Other Commercial Commitments | | Total | | 1 year | | Years | | Years | | Years | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Commitments to lend | | $ | 1,550,207 | | $ | 1,409,771 | | $ | 125,237 | | $ | 10,483 | | $ | 4,716 | |
Standby letters of credit | | 12,748 | | 11,070 | | 1,260 | | 418 | | — | |
| | $ | 1,562,955 | | $ | 1,420,841 | | $ | 126,497 | | $ | 10,901 | | $ | 4,716 | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY—Stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2001 was $917 million, or 8.1% of total assets, up from $910.2 million, or 8.1% of total assets, at December 31, 2000. The increase in stockholders’ equity is primarily due to net income of $207.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, partially offset by the repurchase of 3.7 million shares of TCF’s common stock at a cost of $148 million and the payment of $77.5 million in dividends on common stock. Since January 1, 1998, the Company has repurchased 18.6 million shares of TCF’s common stock at an average cost of $29.04 per share. At December 31, 2001, average total equity to average assets was 7.78% compared to 7.58% at December 31, 2000. Dividends paid to common shareholders on a per share basis totaled $1.00 in 2001, an increase of 21.2% from $.825 in 2000. TCF’s dividend payout ratio was 37.04% in 2001 and 35.11% in 2000. The Company’s primary funding sources for common dividends are dividends received from its subsidiary banks. At December 31, 2001, TCF and its bank subsidiaries exceeded their regulatory capital requirements and are considered “well-capitalized” under guidelines established by the Federal Reserve Board and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991. See Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. TCF does not have any trust preferred securities or other quasi-equity instruments.
TCF has used stock options as a form of employee compensation only to a limited extent. At December 31, 2001, the amount of incentive stock options outstanding was .48% of total shares outstanding.
MARKET RISK—INTEREST-RATE RISK—TCF’s results of operations are dependent to a large degree on its net interest income and the Company’s ability to manage its interest-rate risk. Although TCF manages other risks, such as credit and liquidity risk, in the normal course of its business, the Company considers interest-rate risk to be its most significant market risk. TCF, like most financial institutions, has a material interest-rate risk exposure to changes in both short-term and long-term interest rates as well as variable index interest rates (e.g., prime). Since TCF does not hold a trading portfolio, the Company is not exposed to market risk from trading activities.
Like most financial institutions, TCF’s interest income and cost of funds are significantly affected by general economic conditions and by policies of regulatory authorities. The mismatch between maturities and interest-rate sensitivities of assets and liabilities results in interest-rate risk. TCF’s Asset/Liability Management Committee manages TCF’s interest-rate risk based on interest rate expectations and other factors. The principal objective of TCF’s asset/liability management activities is to provide maximum levels of net interest income while maintaining acceptable levels of interest-rate risk and liquidity risk and facilitating the funding needs of the Company.
Although the measure is subject to a number of assumptions and is only one of a number of measurements, management believes the interest-rate gap (difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities repricing within a given period) is an important indication of TCF’s exposure to interest-rate risk and the related volatility of net interest income in a changing interest rate
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environment. In addition to the interest-rate gap analysis, management also utilizes a simulation model to measure and manage TCF’s interest-rate risk, relative to a base case scenario.
The amounts in the maturity/rate sensitivity table below represent management’s estimates and assumptions. The amounts could be significantly affected by external factors such as prepayment rates other than those assumed, early withdrawals of deposits, changes in the correlation of various interest-bearing instruments, competition, a general rise or decline in interest rates, and the possibility that the FHLB will exercise its option to call certain of TCF’s longer-term FHLB advances. Decisions by management to purchase or sell assets, or retire debt could change the maturity/repricing and spread relationships. In addition, TCF’s interest-rate risk will increase during periods of rising interest rates due to slower prepayments on loans and mortgage-backed securities. TCF’s one-year adjusted interest-rate gap was a positive $241.8 million, or 2% of total assets, at December 31, 2001, compared with a negative $215.1 million, or (2)% of total assets, at December 31, 2000. A positive interest-rate gap position exists when the amount of interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within a particular time period exceeds the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing. The change in the one-year gap was primarily due to an increase in projected prepayment speeds on residential loans and mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by the impact of interest-rate floors on consumer loans.
The following table summarizes TCF’s interest-rate gap position at December 31, 2001:
| | Maturity/Rate Sensitivity | |
| | Within 30 Days | | 30 Days to 6 Months | | 6 Months to 1 Year | | 1 to 3 Years | | 3+ Years | | Total | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Interest-earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans held for sale | | $ | 244,993 | | $ | 178,839 | | $ | 10,909 | | $ | 8,353 | | $ | 8,515 | | $ | 451,609 | |
Securities available for sale(1) | | 41,841 | | 185,030 | | 192,732 | | 376,931 | | 788,127 | | 1,584,661 | |
Real estate loans(1) | | 544,123 | | 542,199 | | 565,312 | | 1,223,660 | | 1,480,457 | | 4,355,751 | |
Leasing and equipment finance(1) | | 40,136 | | 164,452 | | 169,821 | | 416,254 | | 166,074 | | 956,737 | |
Other loans(1) | | 751,775 | | 232,600 | | 157,628 | | 1,334,890 | | 454,821 | | 2,931,714 | |
Investments | | 915 | | 131,181 | | — | | — | | 23,846 | | 155,942 | |
| | 1,623,783 | | 1,434,301 | | 1,096,402 | | 3,360,088 | | 2,921,840 | | 10,436,414 | |
Interest-bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Checking deposits(2) | | 209,041 | | — | | — | | — | | 2,327,824 | | 2,536,865 | |
Savings deposits(2) | | 185,820 | | 124,823 | | 131,318 | | 371,374 | | 477,481 | | 1,290,816 | |
Money market deposits(2) | | 560,983 | | — | | — | | — | | 390,051 | | 951,034 | |
Certificate deposits | | 392,137 | | 923,630 | | 578,372 | | 365,007 | | 61,098 | | 2,320,244 | |
Short-term borrowings(3) | | 719,859 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 719,859 | |
Long-term borrowings(3) | | 14,325 | | 37,493 | | 34,897 | | 1,248,020 | | 968,430 | | 2,303,165 | |
| | 2,082,165 | | 1,085,946 | | 744,587 | | 1,984,401 | | 4,224,884 | | 10,121,983 | |
Interest-earning assets over (under) interest-bearing liabilities | | $ | (458,382 | ) | $ | 348,355 | | $ | 351,815 | | $ | 1,375,687 | | $ | (1,303,044 | ) | $ | 314,431 | |
Cumulative gap | | $ | (458,382 | ) | $ | (110,027 | ) | $ | 241,788 | | $ | 1,617,475 | | $ | 314,431 | | $ | 314,431 | |
Cumulative gap as a percentage of total assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2001 | | (4 | )% | (1 | )% | 2 | % | 14 | % | 3 | % | 3 | % |
At December 31, 2000 | | 6 | % | (2 | )% | (2 | )% | 9 | % | 2 | % | 2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Based upon contractual maturity, repricing date, if applicable, scheduled repayments of principal and projected prepayments of principal based upon experience.
(2) Includes non-interest bearing deposits. 8% of checking deposits, 34% of savings deposits, and 59% of money market deposits are included in amounts repricing within one year. 29% of savings deposits are included in the “1 to 3 Years” category. All remaining checking, savings and money market deposits are assumed to mature in the “3+ Years” category. While management believes that these assumptions are well based, no assurance can be given that amounts on deposit in checking, savings, and money market accounts will not significantly change or be repriced in the event of a general change in interest rates. At December 31, 2000, 8% of checking deposits, 34% of savings deposits, and 53% of money market deposits were included in amounts repricing within one year. 29% of savings deposits were included in the “1 to 3 Years” category.
(3) Includes $1.5 billion of callable long-term borrowings. Based upon market interest rates at December 31, 2001, $5.5 million and $200 million of these callable long-term borrowings are forecasted to be called prior to maturity and are included in amounts repricing within one year and “1 to 3 Years”, respectively, which corresponds to their next call date, instead of in the “3+ Years” category, which corresponds to their maturity date.
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As previously noted, TCF also utilizes simulation models to estimate the near-term effects (next twelve months) of changing interest rates on its net interest income. Net interest income simulation involves forecasting net interest income under a variety of scenarios, including the level of interest rates, the shape of the yield curve, and spreads between market interest rates. At December 31, 2001, net interest income is estimated to increase by 3.1%, compared with the base case scenario, over the next twelve months if interest rates were to sustain an immediate increase of 200 basis points. At December 31, 2000, net interest income was estimated to increase by .4%, compared with the base case scenario, assuming a similar change in interest rates. If interest rates were to decline by 200 basis points, net interest income is estimated to decrease by 6.2%, compared with the base case scenario, over the next twelve months. Simulations at December 31, 2000 projected a decrease in net interest income of 3.9%, compared with the base case scenario, assuming a similar change in interest rates.
Management exercises its best judgment in making assumptions regarding loan prepayments, early deposit withdrawals, and other non-controllable events in estimating TCF’s exposure to changes in interest rates. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the simulation models cannot precisely estimate net interest income or precisely predict the impact of a change in interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes and changes in market conditions and management strategies, among other factors.
RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS—Effective July 1, 2001, TCF adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” which requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. SFAS No. 141 also specifies criteria intangible assets acquired in a purchase method business combination must meet to be recognized and reported apart from goodwill. Effective January 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which requires that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives no longer be amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142.
Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142, TCF is required to evaluate its existing intangible assets and goodwill that were acquired in prior purchase business combinations, and make any necessary reclassifications of intangible assets in order to conform with the new criteria of SFAS No. 141 for recognition apart from goodwill. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 142, the Company is required to reassess the useful lives and residual values of all intangible assets acquired in purchase business combinations, and make any necessary amortization period adjustments by the end of the first quarter of 2002. In addition, to the extent an intangible asset is identified as having an indefinite useful life, as in the case of goodwill, the Company will be required to test the intangible asset for impairment in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142 within the first quarter of 2002. Any impairment loss will be measured as of the date of adoption and recognized as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle during the first quarter of 2002.
As of the date of adoption, the Company had unamortized goodwill in the amount of $145.5 million and unamortized identifiable intangible assets (deposit base intangibles) in the amount of $9.2 million, all of which will be subject to the transition provisions of SFAS Nos. 141 and 142. Amortization expense related to goodwill was $7.8 million ($7.6 million after-tax, or 10 cents per common diluted share) and $7.7 million ($7.5 million after-tax, or 9 cents per common diluted share) for the year ended December 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, respectively. Management finalized its study of the effects of SFAS No. 142 and concluded that goodwill is not impaired as of January 1, 2002.
FOURTH QUARTER SUMMARY—In the fourth quarter of 2001, TCF had net income of $54.2 million, up 3.9% from $52.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2000. Diluted earnings per common share was 72 cents for the fourth quarter of 2001, compared to 66 cents for the fourth quarter of 2000. The 2000 fourth quarter results included a $5.5 million after-tax gain on sales of three branches, or 7 cents per diluted common share. TCF opened 8 new branches in the fourth quarter of 2001, of which 3 were supermarket branches.
Net interest income was $125.7 million and $110.8 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The net interest margin was 4.74% and 4.33% for the fourth quarter of 2001 and 2000, respectively. TCF net interest income improved by $10.6 million, or 9.6% over the fourth quarter of 2000 due to volume changes and $4.3 million due to rate changes.
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TCF provided $7 million for credit losses in the fourth quarter of 2001, compared with $4.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2000. Net loan and lease charge-offs were $5.6 million, or .27% of average loans and leases outstanding, compared with $2 million, or .10% of average loans and leases outstanding during the same 2000 period. The increase in the provision and net loan and lease charge-offs from 2000 reflects the impact of the growth in the commercial loan and leasing and equipment finance portfolios coupled with increased charge-offs in the leasing and equipment finance portfolio.
Non-interest income, excluding gains on sales of securities available for sale and branches, increased $9.3 million, or 10.7%, during the fourth quarter of 2001 to $95.6 million. The increase was primarily due to increased fees and service charges and leasing revenues, reflecting TCF’s expanding retail banking and lease operations and customer base.
Non-interest expense increased $14.8 million, or 12.7%, in the fourth quarter of 2001 to $131.4 million. The increases were primarily due to costs associated with expanded retail banking and leasing activities.
In the fourth quarter of 2001, the effective income tax rate was reduced to 35.36% of income before income tax expense for the quarter due to the favorable conclusion of prior year taxes.
Legislative, Legal and Regulatory Developments
Federal and state legislation imposes numerous legal and regulatory requirements on financial institutions. Future legislative or regulatory change, or changes in enforcement practices or court rulings, may have a dramatic and potentially adverse impact on TCF and its bank and other subsidiaries.
Forward-Looking Information
This Annual Report and other reports issued by the Company, including reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, may contain “forward-looking” statements that deal with future results, plans or performance. In addition, TCF’s management may make such statements orally to the media, or to securities analysts, investors or others. Forward-looking statements deal with matters that do not relate strictly to historical facts. TCF’s future results may differ materially from historical performance and forward-looking statements about TCF’s expected financial results or other plans are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. These include but are not limited to possible legislative changes and adverse economic, business and competitive developments such as shrinking interest margins; deposit outflows; reduced demand for financial services and loan and lease products; changes in accounting policies or guidelines, or monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government; changes in credit and other risks posed by TCF’s loan, lease and investment portfolios; technological, computer-related or operational difficulties; adverse changes in securities markets; results of litigation or other significant uncertainties. The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 have had an adverse impact on the United States’ economy and could have a continuing adverse impact on the economy and the Company’s business, most likely by reducing capital and consumer spending. Such developments could result in decreased demand for TCF’s products and services and increased credit losses.
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Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Assets | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | | $ | 386,700 | | $ | 392,007 | |
Investments | | 155,942 | | 134,059 | |
Securities available for sale | | 1,584,661 | | 1,403,888 | |
Loans held for sale | | 451,609 | | 227,779 | |
Loans and leases: | | | | | |
Consumer | | 2,509,333 | | 2,234,134 | |
Commercial real estate | | 1,622,461 | | 1,371,841 | |
Commercial business | | 422,381 | | 410,422 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 956,737 | | 856,471 | |
Subtotal | | 5,510,912 | | 4,872,868 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,733,290 | | 3,673,831 | |
Total loans and leases | | 8,244,202 | | 8,546,699 | |
Allowance for loan and lease losses | | (75,028 | ) | (66,669 | ) |
Net loans and leases | | 8,169,174 | | 8,480,030 | |
Premises and equipment, net | | 215,237 | | 197,525 | |
Goodwill | | 145,462 | | 153,239 | |
Deposit base intangibles | | 9,244 | | 11,183 | |
Other assets | | 240,686 | | 197,752 | |
| | $ | 11,358,715 | | $ | 11,197,462 | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | |
Deposits: | | | | | |
Checking | | $ | 2,536,865 | | $ | 2,203,943 | |
Savings | | 1,290,816 | | 1,045,388 | |
Money market | | 951,033 | | 836,888 | |
Subtotal | | 4,778,714 | | 4,086,219 | |
Certificates | | 2,320,244 | | 2,805,605 | |
Total deposits | | 7,098,958 | | 6,891,824 | |
Short-term borrowings | | 719,859 | | 898,695 | |
Long-term borrowings | | 2,303,166 | | 2,285,550 | |
Total borrowings | | 3,023,025 | | 3,184,245 | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | 319,699 | | 211,173 | |
Total liabilities | | 10,441,682 | | 10,287,242 | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | |
Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share, 30,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding | | — | | — | |
Common stock, par value $.01 per share, 280,000,000 shares authorized; 92,719,544 and 92,755,659 shares issued | | 927 | | 928 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 520,940 | | 508,682 | |
Retained earnings, subject to certain restrictions | | 965,454 | | 835,605 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | 6,229 | | (9,868 | ) |
Treasury stock at cost, 15,787,716 and 12,466,626 shares, and other | | (576,517 | ) | (425,127 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | | 917,033 | | 910,220 | |
| | $ | 11,358,715 | | $ | 11,197,462 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Income
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands, except per-share data) | |
Interest income: | | | | | | | |
Loans and leases | | $ | 681,110 | | $ | 700,325 | | $ | 618,291 | |
Securities available for sale | | 112,267 | | 99,185 | | 111,032 | |
Loans held for sale | | 24,266 | | 17,130 | | 13,367 | |
Investments | | 8,966 | | 10,041 | | 9,411 | |
Total interest income | | 826,609 | | 826,681 | | 752,101 | |
Interest expense: | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | 162,727 | | 197,094 | | 175,495 | |
Borrowings | | 182,660 | | 191,051 | | 152,393 | |
Total interest expense | | 345,387 | | 388,145 | | 327,888 | |
Net interest income | | 481,222 | | 438,536 | | 424,213 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 16,923 | |
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | | 460,344 | | 423,764 | | 407,290 | |
Non-interest income: | | | | | | | |
Fees and service charges | | 194,321 | | 166,240 | | 138,198 | |
Electronic funds transfer revenues | | 87,134 | | 78,101 | | 67,144 | |
Leasing and equipment finance | | 45,730 | | 38,442 | | 28,505 | |
Mortgage banking | | 12,042 | | 10,519 | | 12,770 | |
Investments and insurance | | 11,535 | | 12,266 | | 14,849 | |
Other | | 16,545 | | 17,895 | | 12,854 | |
Fees and other revenues | | 367,307 | | 323,463 | | 274,320 | |
Gains on sales of branches | | 3,316 | | 12,813 | | 12,160 | |
Gains on sales of securities available for sale | | 863 | | — | | 3,194 | |
Gains on sales of loan servicing | | — | | — | | 3,076 | |
Gain on sale of subsidiaries | | — | | — | | 5,522 | |
Title insurance revenues | | — | | — | | 15,421 | |
Other non-interest income | | 4,179 | | 12,813 | | 39,373 | |
Total non-interest income | | 371,486 | | 336,276 | | 313,693 | |
Non-interest expense: | | | | | | | |
Compensation and employee benefits | | 267,716 | | 239,544 | | 239,053 | |
Occupancy and equipment | | 78,774 | | 74,938 | | 73,613 | |
Advertising and promotions | | 20,909 | | 19,181 | | 16,981 | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 7,777 | | 7,706 | | 7,713 | |
Other | | 126,820 | | 115,833 | | 110,532 | |
Total non-interest expense | | 501,996 | | 457,202 | | 447,892 | |
Income before income tax expense | | 329,834 | | 302,838 | | 273,091 | |
Income tax expense | | 122,512 | | 116,593 | | 107,052 | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Net income per common share: | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 2.73 | | $ | 2.37 | | $ | 2.01 | |
Diluted | | $ | 2.70 | | $ | 2.35 | | $ | 2.00 | |
Dividends declared per common share | | $ | 1.00 | | $ | .825 | | $ | .725 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
45
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
| Number of Common Shares Issued | | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-in Capital | | Retained Earnings | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | Treasury Stock and Other | | Total | |
| (Dollars in thousands) | |
Balance, December 31, 1998 | 92,912,246 | | $ | 929 | | $ | 507,534 | | $ | 610,177 | | $ | 7,591 | | $ | (280,729 | ) | $ | 845,502 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | — | | — | | — | | 166,039 | | — | | — | | 166,039 | |
Other comprehensive loss | — | | — | | — | | — | | (54,973 | ) | — | | (54,973 | ) |
Comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | 166,039 | | (54,973 | ) | — | | 111,066 | |
Dividends on common stock | — | | — | | — | | (60,755 | ) | — | | — | | (60,755 | ) |
Repurchase of 4,091,611 shares | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (106,106 | ) | (106,106 | ) |
Issuance of 21,050 shares | — | | — | | (30 | ) | — | | — | | (30 | ) | (60 | ) |
Cancellation of shares | (108,041 | ) | (1 | ) | (2,569 | ) | — | | — | | 392 | | (2,178 | ) |
Amortization of deferred compensation | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 9,543 | | 9,543 | |
Exercise of stock options, 550,661 shares | — | | — | | (4,464 | ) | — | | — | | 15,044 | | 10,580 | |
Shares held in trust for deferred compensation plans | — | | — | | 326 | | — | | — | | (326 | ) | — | |
Loan payments by deferred compensation plans | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 1,390 | | 1,390 | |
Balance, December 31, 1999 | 92,804,205 | | 928 | | 500,797 | | 715,461 | | (47,382 | ) | (360,822 | ) | 808,982 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | — | | — | | — | | 186,245 | | — | | — | | 186,245 | |
Other comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | — | | 37,514 | | — | | 37,514 | |
Comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | 186,245 | | 37,514 | | — | | 223,759 | |
Dividends on common stock | — | | — | | — | | (66,101 | ) | — | | — | | (66,101 | ) |
Issuance of 37,259 shares to effect purchase acquisition | — | | — | | 417 | | — | | — | | 963 | | 1,380 | |
Repurchase of 3,243,800 shares | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (73,824 | ) | (73,824 | ) |
Issuance of 1,319,896 shares | — | | — | | (7,716 | ) | — | | — | | 7,716 | | — | |
Cancellation of shares | (48,546 | ) | — | | (1,262 | ) | — | | — | | 386 | | (876 | ) |
Amortization of deferred compensation | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 9,375 | | 9,375 | |
Exercise of stock options, 283,036 shares | — | | — | | (81 | ) | — | | — | | 7,337 | | 7,256 | |
Issuance of stock options | — | | — | | 1 | | — | | — | | — | | 1 | |
Shares held in trust for deferred compensation plans | — | | — | | 15,842 | | — | | — | | (15,842 | ) | — | |
Purchase of TCF stock to fund the Employees Stock Purchase Plan, net | — | | — | | 684 | | — | | — | | — | | 684 | |
Loan to deferred compensation plans, net of payments | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (416 | ) | (416 | ) |
Balance, December 31, 2000 | 92,755,659 | | 928 | | 508,682 | | 835,605 | | (9,868 | ) | (425,127 | ) | 910,220 | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | — | | — | | — | | 207,322 | | — | | — | | 207,322 | |
Other comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | — | | 16,097 | | — | | 16,097 | |
Comprehensive income | — | | — | | — | | 207,322 | | 16,097 | | — | | 223,419 | |
Dividends on common stock | — | | — | | — | | (77,473 | ) | — | | — | | (77,473 | ) |
Repurchase of 3,670,107 shares | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (148,043 | ) | (148,043 | ) |
Issuance of 262,340 shares | — | | — | | 3,057 | | — | | — | | (3,057 | ) | — | |
Cancellation of shares | (36,115 | ) | (1 | ) | (1,484 | ) | — | | — | | 646 | | (839 | ) |
Amortization of deferred compensation | — | | — | | 15 | | — | | — | | 11,049 | | 11,064 | |
Exercise of stock options, 86,677 shares | — | | — | | 885 | | — | | — | | 2,405 | | 3,290 | |
Shares held in trust for deferred compensation plans | — | | — | | 9,744 | | — | | — | | (9,744 | ) | — | |
Purchase of TCF stock to fund the Employees Stock Purchase Plan, net | — | | — | | 41 | | — | | — | | — | | 41 | |
Loan to deferred compensation plans, net of payments | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | (4,646 | ) | (4,646 | ) |
Balance, December 31, 2001 | 92,719,544 | | $ | 927 | | $ | 520,940 | | $ | 965,454 | | $ | 6,229 | | $ | (576,517 | ) | $ | 917,033 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
46-47
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided (used) by operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 42,412 | | 30,369 | | 29,031 | |
Amortization of goodwill and other intangibles | | 9,716 | | 10,001 | | 10,689 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 16,923 | |
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | | 2,135,218 | | 611,123 | | 586,859 | |
Principal collected on loans held for sale | | 12,469 | | 9,885 | | 10,144 | |
Originations and purchases of loans held for sale | | (2,375,396 | ) | (649,750 | ) | (457,515 | ) |
Net (increase) decrease in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities | | 91,612 | | (1,854 | ) | 47,088 | |
Gains on sales of assets | | (4,393 | ) | (12,813 | ) | (23,952 | ) |
Other, net | | 5,550 | | 4,125 | | 14,988 | |
Total adjustments | | (61,934 | ) | 15,858 | | 234,255 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 145,388 | | 202,103 | | 400,294 | |
| | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | |
Principal collected on loans and leases | | 3,352,341 | | 2,162,839 | | 2,315,173 | |
Originations and purchases of loans | | (2,719,682 | ) | (2,320,239 | ) | (3,069,408 | ) |
Purchases of equipment for lease financing | | (449,231 | ) | (579,595 | ) | (289,156 | ) |
Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks | | (559 | ) | 19,987 | | 95,575 | |
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale | | 33,645 | | — | | 288,718 | |
Proceeds from maturities of and principal collected on securities available for sale | | 398,316 | | 176,905 | | 577,844 | |
Purchases of securities available for sale | | (587,324 | ) | (314 | ) | (791,995 | ) |
Net decrease in federal funds sold | | | | — | | 41,000 | |
Net increase in Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | (18,927 | ) | (4,671 | ) | (11,129 | ) |
Sales of deposits, net of cash paid | | (26,958 | ) | (82,097 | ) | (104,404 | ) |
Other, net | | (64,313 | ) | (48,329 | ) | 18,852 | |
Net cash used by investing activities | | (82,692 | ) | (675,514 | ) | (928,930 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in deposits | | 237,180 | | 402,731 | | (13,649 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | | (178,836 | ) | (168,287 | ) | 674,431 | |
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | | 677,334 | | 954,252 | | 1,566,253 | |
Payments on long-term borrowings | | (579,529 | ) | (619,250 | ) | (1,529,301 | ) |
Purchases of common stock | | (148,043 | ) | (73,824 | ) | (106,106 | ) |
Payments of dividends on common stock | | (77,473 | ) | (66,101 | ) | (60,755 | ) |
Other, net | | 1,364 | | 6,635 | | 6,548 | |
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities | | (68,003 | ) | 436,156 | | 537,421 | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and due from banks | | (5,307 | ) | (37,255 | ) | 8,785 | |
Cash and due from banks at beginning of year | | 392,007 | | 429,262 | | 420,477 | |
Cash and due from banks at end of year | | $ | 386,700 | | $ | 392,007 | | $ | 429,262 | |
| | | | | | | |
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for: | | | | | | | |
Interest on deposits and borrowings | | $ | 352,903 | | $ | 377,430 | | $ | 302,268 | |
Income taxes | | $ | 24,128 | | $ | 89,852 | | $ | 78,125 | |
| | | | | | | |
Transfer of loans and leases to other real estate owned and other assets | | $ | 33,447 | | $ | 16,580 | | $ | 32,074 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
48
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
BASIS OF PRESENTATION—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TCF Financial Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries. TCF Financial Corporation (“TCF” or the “Company”) is a national financial holding company engaged primarily in community banking, mortgage banking and leasing and equipment finance through its wholly owned subsidiaries, TCF National Bank and TCF National Bank Colorado (“TCF Colorado”). TCF National Bank and TCF Colorado own leasing and equipment finance, mortgage banking, discount brokerage, investment and insurance sales, and real estate investment trusts, (“REIT”) subsidiaries. These subsidiaries are consolidated with TCF National Bank and TCF Colorado and are therefore included in the consolidated financial statements of TCF Financial Corporation. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years’ financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
For Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows purposes, cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Critical Accounting Policies
Critical accounting policies are dependent on estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change include the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses, mortgage servicing rights and income taxes. The following have been identified as “Critical Accounting Policies.”
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES—The allowance for loan and lease losses is maintained at a level believed to be appropriate by management to provide for probable loan and lease losses inherent in the portfolio as of the balance sheet date, including known or anticipated problem loans and leases, as well as for loans and leases which are not currently known to require specific allowances. Management’s judgment as to the amount of the allowance, including the allocated and unallocated elements, is a result of ongoing review of larger individual loans and leases, the overall risk characteristics of the portfolios, changes in the character or size of the portfolios, the level of impaired loans and non-performing assets, historical net charge-off amounts, geographic location, prevailing economic conditions and other relevant factors. Impaired loans include all non-accrual and restructured commercial real estate and commercial business loans and equipment financings. Consumer and residential real estate loans and lease financings are excluded from the definition of an impaired loan. Loan impairment is measured as the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s initial effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent loans. Residential loans, consumer loans, and smaller-balance commercial loans and lease and equipment financings are segregated by loan type and sub-type, and are evaluated on a group basis. Loans and leases are charged off to the extent they are deemed to be uncollectible. The amount of the allowance for loan and lease losses is highly dependent upon management’s estimates of variables affecting valuation, appraisals of collateral, evaluations of performance and status, and the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans. Such estimates, appraisals, evaluations and cash flows may be subject to frequent adjustments due to changing economic prospects of borrowers, lessees or properties. These estimates are reviewed periodically and adjustments, if necessary, are recorded in the provision for credit losses in the periods in which they become known.
MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS—Mortgage servicing rights are capitalized and amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income. TCF periodically evaluates its capitalized mortgage servicing rights for impairment. Loan type and note rate are the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans used to stratify capitalized mortgage servicing rights for purposes of measuring impairment. Any impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance.
INCOME TAXES—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred
49
tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
The determination of current and deferred income taxes is based on complex analyses of many factors including interpretation of Federal and state income tax laws, the difference between tax and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities (temporary differences), estimates of amounts due or owed such as the timing of reversals of temporary differences and current financial accounting standards. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates and interpretations used in determining the current and deferred income tax liabilities.
Other Significant Accounting Policies
INVESTMENTS—Investments are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums or accretion of discounts using methods which approximate a level yield.
SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE—Securities available for sale are carried at fair value with the unrealized holding gains or losses, net of related deferred income taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Cost of securities sold is determined on a specific identification basis and gains or losses on sales of securities available for sale are recognized at trade dates. Declines in the value of securities available for sale that are considered other than temporary are recorded in noninterest income as a loss on securities available for sale.
LOANS HELD FOR SALE—Loans held for sale include residential mortgage and education loans. Residential mortgage loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market as adjusted for the effects of fair value hedges using quoted market prices. See Note 18 for additional information concerning derivative instruments and hedging activities. Education loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market. Net fees and costs associated with originating and acquiring loans held for sale are deferred and are included in the basis for determining the gain or loss on sales of loans held for sale. Gains on sales are recorded at the settlement date and cost is determined on a specific identification basis.
LOANS AND LEASES—Net fees and costs associated with originating and acquiring loans and leases are deferred and amortized over the lives of the assets. Discounts and premiums on loans purchased, net deferred fees and costs, unearned discounts and finance charges, and unearned lease income are amortized using methods which approximate a level yield over the estimated remaining lives of the loans and leases.
Lease financings include direct financing and sales-type leases as well as a leveraged lease. Leases that transfer substantially all of the benefits and risks of equipment ownership to the lessee are classified as direct financing or sales-type leases and are included in loans and leases. Direct financing and sales-type leases are carried at the combined present value of the future minimum lease payments and the lease residual value. The lease residual value represents the estimated fair value of the leased equipment at the termination of the lease. Lease residual values are reviewed on an ongoing basis and any downward revisions are recorded in the periods in which they become known. Interest income on direct financing and sales-type leases is recognized using methods which approximate a level yield over the term of the leases. Sales-type leases generate dealer profit which is recognized at lease inception by recording lease revenue net of the lease cost. Lease revenue consists of the present value of the future minimum lease payments discounted at the rate implicit in the lease. Lease cost consists of the leased equipment’s book value, less the present value of its residual. The investment in a leveraged lease is the sum of all lease payments (less nonrecourse debt payments) plus estimated residual values, less unearned income. Income from the leveraged lease is recognized using a method which approximates a level yield over the term of the lease based on the unrecovered equity investment.
Loans and leases, including loans that are considered to be impaired, are reviewed regularly by management and are placed on non-accrual status when the collection of interest or principal is 90 days or more past due (150 days or more past due for loans secured by residential real estate), unless the loan or lease is adequately secured and in the process of collection. When a loan or lease is placed on non-accrual status, unless collection of all principal and interest is considered to be assured, uncollected interest accrued in prior years is charged off against the allowance for loan and lease losses. Interest accrued in the current year is reversed. For those non-accrual leases that have been funded on a non-recourse basis by third-party financial institutions, the related debt is also placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans and leases are generally applied to principal unless the remaining principal balance has been determined to be fully collectible.
50
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT—Premises and equipment are carried at cost and are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.
OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED—Other real estate owned is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value minus estimated costs to sell at the date of transfer to other real estate owned. If the fair value of an asset minus the estimated costs to sell should decline to less than the carrying amount of the asset, the deficiency is recognized in the period in which it becomes known and is included in other non-interest expense.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS—Goodwill resulting from acquisitions is amortized over 20 to 25 years on a straight-line basis. Deposit base intangibles are amortized over 10 years on an accelerated basis. The Company reviews the recoverability of the carrying values of these assets whenever an event occurs indicating that they may be impaired. On January 1, 2002, TCF adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which requires that goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives no longer be amortized, but instead tested for impairment annually.
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS—TCF utilizes derivative financial instruments to meet the ongoing credit needs of its customers and in order to manage the market exposure of its residential loans held for sale and its commitments to extend credit for residential loans. Derivative financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and forward mortgage loan sales commitments. TCF does not use interest rate contracts (e.g. swaps, caps, floors) or other derivatives to manage interest rate risk and has none of these instruments outstanding. See Notes 18 and 19 for additional information concerning these derivative financial instruments.
2 Cash and Due from Banks
At December 31, 2001, TCF was required by Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) regulations to maintain reserve balances of $39 million in cash on hand or at various Federal Reserve Banks.
The carrying values of investments, which approximate their fair values, consist of the following:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost | | $ | 131,181 | | $ | 110,441 | |
Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost | | 23,847 | | 23,286 | |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | | 914 | | 332 | |
| | $ | 155,942 | | $ | 134,059 | |
The carrying value, which approximates fair value, and yield of investments at December 31, 2001, by contractual maturity, are shown below:
| | Carrying Value | | Yield | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Due in one year or less | | $ | 914 | | 2.64 | % |
No stated maturity(1) | | 155,028 | | 4.17 | |
| | $ | 155,942 | | 4.16 | |
(1) Balance represents FRB and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) stock, required regulatory investments.
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4 Securities Available for Sale
Securities available for sale consist of the following:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | Gross | | Gross | | | | | | Gross | | Gross | | | |
| | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Fair | | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | Fair | |
| | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Value | | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Value | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Mortgage-backed securities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal agencies | | $ | 1,547,374 | | $ | 11,691 | | $ | (979 | ) | $ | 1,558,086 | | $ | 1,380,196 | | $ | 2,659 | | $ | (17,235 | ) | $ | 1,365,620 | |
Private issuer and collateralized mortgage obligations | | 26,828 | | 90 | | (993 | ) | 25,925 | | 38,765 | | 112 | | (1,159 | ) | 37,718 | |
U.S. Government and other marketable securities | | 650 | | — | | — | | 650 | | 550 | | — | | — | | 550 | |
| | $ | 1,574,852 | | $ | 11,781 | | $ | (1,972 | ) | $ | 1,584,661 | | $ | 1,419,511 | | $ | 2,771 | | $ | (18,394 | ) | $ | 1,403,888 | |
Weighted-average yield | | 6.55 | % | | | | | | | 6.63 | % | | | | | | |
A gross gain of $863,000 was recognized on sales of securities available for sale during 2001. There were no sales of securities available for sale in 2000, while a gross gain of $4.7 million and a gross loss of $1.5 million were recognized on sales of securities available for sale during 1999.
Mortgage-backed securities aggregating $1.1 billion were pledged as collateral to secure certain deposits and borrowings at December 31, 2001. See Notes 11 and 12 for additional information regarding securities pledged as collateral to secure certain borrowings.
Loans held for sale consist of the following:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Residential mortgage loans | | $ | 286,552 | | $ | 74,545 | |
Education loans | | 165,057 | | 153,234 | |
| | $ | 451,609 | | $ | 227,779 | |
52
Loans and leases consist of the following:
| | At December 31, | | Percentage | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Consumer: | | | | | | | |
Home equity | | $ | 2,443,788 | | $ | 2,152,147 | | 13.6 | % |
Other secured | | 43,433 | | 56,812 | | (23.5 | ) |
Unsecured | | 22,112 | | 25,175 | | (12.2 | ) |
| | 2,509,333 | | 2,234,134 | | 12.3 | |
Commercial: | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate: | | | | | | | |
Permanent | | 1,444,484 | | 1,193,469 | | 21.0 | |
Construction and development | | 177,977 | | 178,372 | | (0.2 | ) |
| | 1,622,461 | | 1,371,841 | | 18.3 | |
| | | | | | | |
Commercial business | | 422,381 | | 410,422 | | 2.9 | |
| | 2,044,842 | | 1,782,263 | | 14.7 | |
Leasing and equipment finance: | | | | | | | |
Equipment finance loans | | 271,398 | | 207,059 | | 31.1 | |
Lease financings: | | | | | | | |
Direct financing leases | | 691,899 | | 658,678 | | 5.0 | |
Sales-type leases | | 36,272 | | 37,645 | | (3.6 | ) |
Lease residuals | | 33,860 | | 30,426 | | 11.3 | |
Unearned income and deferred lease costs | | (94,300 | ) | (94,506 | ) | (0.2 | ) |
Investment in leveraged lease | | 17,608 | | 17,169 | | 2.6 | |
| | 685,339 | | 649,412 | | 5.5 | |
| | 956,737 | | 856,471 | | 11.7 | |
Total consumer, commercial and leasing and equipment finance | | 5,510,912 | | 4,872,868 | | 13.1 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,733,290 | | 3,673,831 | | (25.6 | ) |
| | $ | 8,244,202 | | $ | 8,546,699 | | (3.5 | ) |
53
At December 31, 2001 and 2000, the recorded investment in loans that were considered to be impaired was $18.8 million and $6.8 million, respectively. The related allowance for loan losses at those dates was $5 million and $1.3 million, respectively. All of the impaired loans were on non-accrual status. The average recorded investment in impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $9.9 million, $4.5 million and $8.1 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, TCF recognized interest income on impaired loans of $29,000, $40,000 and $519,000 all of which was recognized using the cash basis method of income recognition.
At December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, loans and leases on non-accrual status totaled $52 million, $35.2 million and $24.1 million, respectively. Had the loans and leases performed in accordance with their original terms for 2001, 2000 and 1999, TCF would have recorded gross interest income of $5.4 million, $3.9 million and $3.6 million, respectively, for these loans and leases. Interest income of $1.7 million, $1.6 million and $1.4 million has been recorded on these loans and leases for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
At December 31, 2001 and 2000, TCF had no loans outstanding with terms that had been modified in troubled debt restructurings. There were no material commitments to lend additional funds to customers whose loans or leases were classified as non-accrual at December 31, 2001.
The aggregate amount of loans to outside directors of TCF and their related interests was $31.8 million and $27 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. During 2001, $12 million of new loans were made, repayments totaled $8.8 million and changes in the composition of the outside directors and their related interests increased loans outstanding by $1.6 million. All loans outside directors and their related interests were made in the ordinary course of business on normal credit terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons. The aggregate amount of loans to executive officers of TCF was $9.1 million and $5.2 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Included in these amounts were loans made to the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan trustee on behalf of the executive officers. During 2001, $6.2 million of new loans to the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan were made and repayments totaled $2.3 million. See Note 14 for additional information regarding loans to the deferred compensation plan. In the opinion of management the above mentioned loans to outside directors and their related interests and executive officers do not represent more than a normal credit risk of collection.
During 2000, TCF purchased the equity interest in a leveraged lease transaction for a Boeing 767 aircraft on lease to Delta Airlines in the United States. The investment in a leveraged lease represents net unpaid rentals and estimated unguaranteed residual values of the leased assets, less related unearned income. TCF has no general obligation for principal and interest on notes representing third-party participation related to the leveraged lease; such notes are recorded as an offset against the related rental receivable. As the equity owner in the leveraged lease, TCF is taxed on total lease payments received and is entitled to tax deductions based on the cost of the leased asset and tax deductions for interest paid to third-party participants. The leveraged lease has renewal and purchase options by the lessee at the end of the 9.75 year lease term. The aircraft is in service, the lessee is current on the lease payments and the lease expires in 2010. This lease represents TCF’s only material direct exposure to the commercial airline industry.
TCF’s net investment in a leveraged lease is comprised of the following:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Rental receivable (net of principal and interest on non-recourse debt) | | $ | 10,134 | | $ | 11,066 | |
Estimated residual value of leased assets | | 18,056 | | 18,056 | |
Less: Unearned income | | (10,582 | ) | (11,953 | ) |
Investment in leveraged lease | | 17,608 | | 17,169 | |
Less: Deferred taxes | | (5,568 | ) | (1,929 | ) |
Net investment in leveraged lease | | $ | 12,040 | | $ | 15,240 | |
54
Future minimum lease payments for direct financing and sales-type leases as of December 31, 2001 are as follows:
| | | | Payments to | | | |
| | Payments to | | be Received by | | | |
| | be Received | | Other Financial | | | |
| | by TCF | | Institutions | | Total | |
| | (In thousands) | |
2002 | | $ | 170,703 | | $ | 83,600 | | $ | 254,303 | |
2003 | | 134,019 | | 49,901 | | 183,920 | |
2004 | | 96,398 | | 19,379 | | 115,777 | |
2005 | | 68,976 | | 2,966 | | 71,942 | |
2006 | | 35,062 | | 303 | | 35,365 | |
Thereafter | | 28,921 | | 13 | | 28,934 | |
| | $ | 534,079 | | $ | 156,162 | | $ | 690,241 | |
7 Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
Following is a summary of the allowance for loan and lease losses and selected statistics:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 55,755 | | $ | 80,013 | |
Transfers to loans held for sale | | — | | — | | (14,793 | ) |
Provision for credit losses | | 20,878 | | 14,772 | | 16,923 | |
Charge-offs | | (16,951 | ) | (9,701 | ) | (34,398 | ) |
Recoveries | | 4,432 | | 5,843 | | 8,010 | |
Net charge-offs | | (12,519 | ) | (3,858 | ) | (26,388 | ) |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 75,028 | | $ | 66,669 | | $ | 55,755 | |
Ratio of net loan and lease charge-offs to average loans and leases outstanding | | .15 | % | .05 | % | .35 | % |
Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loan and lease balances at year end | | .91 | | .78 | | .71 | |
Premises and equipment are summarized as follows:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Land | | $ | 48,549 | | $ | 42,088 | |
Office buildings | | 143,681 | | 134,034 | |
Leasehold improvements | | 36,539 | | 33,778 | |
Furniture and equipment | | 196,283 | | 174,232 | |
| | 425,052 | | 384,132 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | 209,815 | | 186,607 | |
| | $ | 215,237 | | $ | 197,525 | |
55
TCF leases certain premises and equipment under operating leases. Net lease expense was $20.7 million, $20.3 million and $19.6 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
At December 31, 2001, the total annual minimum lease commitments for operating leases were as follows:
| | (In thousands) | |
2002 | | $ | 16,649 | |
2003 | | 15,255 | |
2004 | | 13,812 | |
2005 | | 12,410 | |
2006 | | 11,488 | |
Thereafter | | 48,434 | |
| | $ | 118,048 | |
9 Mortgage Servicing Rights
Mortgage servicing rights, net of valuation allowance, are summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Balance at beginning of year, net | | $ | 40,086 | | $ | 22,614 | | $ | 21,566 | |
Purchases and originations | | 39,139 | | 22,798 | | 6,991 | |
Amortization | | (16,564 | ) | (5,326 | ) | (4,737 | ) |
Sales of servicing | | — | | — | | (1,037 | ) |
Valuation adjustments | | (4,400 | ) | — | | (169 | ) |
Balance at end of year, net | | $ | 58,261 | | $ | 40,086 | | $ | 22,614 | |
The valuation allowance for mortgage servicing rights is summarized as follows:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 946 | | $ | 946 | | $ | 2,738 | |
Provisions | | 4,400 | | — | | 169 | |
Charge-offs | | — | | — | | (1,961 | ) |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 5,346 | | $ | 946 | | $ | 946 | |
At December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, TCF was servicing real estate loans for others with aggregate unpaid principal balances of approximately $4.7 billion, $4 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively. During 2000, TCF purchased the bulk servicing rights on $933 million of residential mortgage loans at a cost of $13.8 million. During 1999, TCF sold servicing rights on $344.6 million of loans serviced for others at a net gain of $3.1 million. No servicing rights were sold during 2000 or 2001.
The estimated fair value of mortgage servicing rights included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31, 2001 was approximately $64.7 million. The estimated fair value of capitalized mortgage servicing rights is based on estimated cash flows discounted using rates commensurate with the risks involved. Assumptions regarding prepayments, defaults and interest rates are determined using available market information.
56
Deposits are summarized as follows:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | Weighted- | | | | | | Weighted- | | | | | |
| | Average | | | | % of | | Average | | | | % of | |
| | Rate | | Amount | | Total | | Rate | | Amount | | Total | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Checking: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing | | — | % | $ | 1,664,403 | | 23.4 | % | — | % | $ | 1,430,102 | | 20.8 | % |
Interest bearing | | .20 | | 872,462 | | 12.3 | | .58 | | 773,841 | | 11.2 | |
| | .07 | | 2,536,865 | | 35.7 | | .21 | | 2,203,943 | | 32.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Savings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing | | — | | 169,527 | | 2.4 | | — | | 71,957 | | 1.1 | |
Interest bearing | | .61 | | 1,121,289 | | 15.8 | | 1.13 | | 973,431 | | 14.1 | |
| | .53 | | 1,290,816 | | 18.2 | | 1.05 | | 1,045,388 | | 15.2 | |
Money market | | 1.20 | | 951,033 | | 13.4 | | 3.83 | | 836,888 | | 12.1 | |
Subtotal | | .42 | | 4,778,714 | | 67.3 | | 1.17 | | 4,086,219 | | 59.3 | |
Certificates | | 3.71 | | 2,320,244 | | 32.7 | | 5.96 | | 2,805,605 | | 40.7 | |
| | 1.49 | | $ | 7,098,958 | | 100.0 | % | 3.12 | | $ | 6,891,824 | | 100.0 | % |
Certificates had the following remaining maturities at December 31, 2001:
Maturity | | $100,000 Minimum | | Other | | Total(1) | |
| | (In thousands) | |
0-3 months | | $ | 200,304 | | $ | 598,485 | | $ | 798,789 | |
4-6 months | | 59,323 | | 457,654 | | 516,977 | |
7-12 months | | 69,526 | | 508,846 | | 578,372 | |
13-24 months | | 36,385 | | 291,800 | | 328,185 | |
25-36 months | | 2,678 | | 34,145 | | 36,823 | |
37-48 months | | 3,046 | | 23,210 | | 26,256 | |
49-60 months | | 4,787 | | 27,089 | | 31,876 | |
Over 60 months | | 127 | | 2,839 | | 2,966 | |
| | $ | 376,176 | | $ | 1,944,068 | | $ | 2,320,244 | |
(1) Includes no brokered deposits.
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11 Short-term Borrowings
The following table sets forth selected information for short-term borrowings (borrowings with an original maturity of less than one year) for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2001:
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | Amount | | Rate | | Amount | | Rate | | Amount | | Rate | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
At December 31, | | | |
Federal funds purchased | | $ | 48,000 | | 1.73 | % | $ | 91,000 | | 6.49 | % | $ | — | | — | % |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | | 669,734 | | 1.83 | | 794,320 | | 6.61 | | 960,000 | | 5.75 | |
Treasury, tax and loan note payable | | 125 | | 1.40 | | 13,375 | | 5.73 | | 42,625 | | 4.53 | |
Commercial paper | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 22,357 | | 6.21 | |
Line of credit | | 2,000 | | 2.41 | | — | | — | | 42,000 | | 6.92 | |
Total | | $ | 719,859 | | 1.82 | | $ | 898,695 | | 6.58 | | $ | 1,066,982 | | 5.76 | |
Year ended December 31, | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average daily balance | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds purchased | | $ | 120,812 | | 3.77 | % | $ | 10,989 | | 6.68 | % | $ | 1,977 | | 4.81 | % |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | | 908,016 | | 4.14 | | 664,015 | | 6.41 | | 477,382 | | 5.38 | |
Treasury, tax and loan note payable | | 62,111 | | 3.61 | | 68,631 | | 6.14 | | 53,999 | | 4.72 | |
Commercial paper | | — | | — | | 4,843 | | 6.18 | | 22,621 | | 5.62 | |
Line of credit | | 6,749 | | 5.57 | | 18,824 | | 7.58 | | 45,245 | | 6.03 | |
Total | | $ | 1,097,688 | | 4.08 | | $ | 767,302 | | 6.41 | | $ | 601,224 | | 5.38 | |
Maximum month-end balance | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal funds purchased | | $ | 304,000 | | N.A. | | $ | 91,000 | | N.A. | | $ | 10,000 | | N.A. | |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | | 1,047,301 | | N.A. | | 1,070,790 | | N.A. | | 960,000 | | N.A. | |
Treasury, tax and loan note payable | | 262,680 | | N.A. | | 250,000 | | N.A. | | 258,837 | | N.A. | |
Commercial paper | | — | | N.A. | | 19,039 | | N.A. | | 45,073 | | N.A. | |
Line of credit | | 30,500 | | N.A. | | 79,000 | | N.A. | | 89,000 | | N.A. | |
N.A. Not Applicable
The securities underlying the repurchase agreements are book entry securities. During the borrowing period, book entry securities were delivered by appropriate entry into the counterparties’ accounts through the Federal Reserve System. The dealers may sell, loan or otherwise dispose of such securities to other parties in the normal course of their operations, but have agreed to resell to TCF identical or substantially the same securities upon the maturities of the agreements. At December 31, 2001, all of the securities sold under repurchase agreements provided for the repurchase of identical securities. At December 31, 2001, $669.7 million of securities sold under repurchase agreements with an interest rate of 1.83% maturing in 2002 were collateralized by mortgaged-backed securities having a carrying value of $689.5 million and a market value of $692 million.
TCF Financial Corporation has a $105 million bank line of credit maturing in April 2002 which is unsecured and contains certain covenants common to such agreements with which TCF is in compliance. The interest rate on the line of credit is based on either the prime rate or LIBOR. TCF has the option to select the interest rate index and term for advances on the line of credit. The line of credit may be used for appropriate corporate purposes, including serving as a back-up line of credit to support the redemption of TCF’s commercial paper.
TCF Financial Corporation has a $50 million commercial paper program which is unsecured and contains certain covenants common to such programs with which TCF is in compliance. Any usage under the commercial paper program requires an equal amount of back-up support by the bank line of credit. Commercial paper generally matures within 90 days, although it may have a term of up to 270 days.
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12 Long-term Borrowings
Long-term borrowings consist of the following:
| | | At December 31, | |
| | | | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | | | | | Weighted- | | | | Weighted- | |
| | Year of | | | | Average | | | | Average | |
| | Maturity | | Amount | | Rate | | Amount | | Rate | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | | 2005 | | $ | 200,000 | | 6.27 | % | $ | 200,000 | | 6.27 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | | 2001 | | — | | — | | 481,537 | | 5.89 | |
| | 2003 | | 135,000 | | 5.76 | | 135,000 | | 5.76 | |
| | 2004 | | 853,000 | | 5.72 | | 803,000 | | 5.69 | |
| | 2005 | | 246,000 | | 6.02 | | 246,000 | | 6.02 | |
| | 2006 | | 303,000 | | 5.26 | | 3,000 | | 5.48 | |
| | 2009 | | 122,500 | | 5.25 | | 122,500 | | 5.25 | |
| | 2010 | | 100,000 | | 6.02 | | 100,000 | | 6.02 | |
| | 2011 | | 200,000 | | 4.85 | | — | | — | |
| | | | 1,959,500 | | 5.58 | | 1,891,037 | | 5.78 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Discounted lease rentals | | 2001 | | — | | — | | 84,529 | | 8.81 | |
| | 2002 | | 75,600 | | 8.01 | | 48,369 | | 8.96 | |
| | 2003 | | 46,458 | | 8.00 | | 20,897 | | 9.10 | |
| | 2004 | | 18,462 | | 8.33 | | 10,114 | | 9.22 | |
| | 2005 | | 2,684 | | 8.50 | | 1,355 | | 9.15 | |
| | 2006 | | 450 | | 7.68 | | 390 | | 8.25 | |
| | 2007 | | 12 | | 8.53 | | 109 | | 8.36 | |
| | | | 143,666 | | 8.06 | | 165,763 | | 8.92 | |
Other borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Senior subordinated debentures | | 2003 | | — | | — | | 28,750 | | 9.50 | |
| | | | $ | 2,303,166 | | 5.79 | | $ | 2,285,550 | | 6.10 | |
At December 31, 2001, $200 million of securities sold under repurchase agreements with an interest rate of 6.27% maturing in 2005 were collateralized by mortgage-backed securities having a carrying value of $213.3 million and a market value of $214.7 million. These borrowings are callable quarterly by the counterparty beginning in the third quarter of 2002.
For certain equipment leases, TCF utilizes its lease rentals and underlying equipment as collateral to borrow from other financial institutions at fixed rates on a non-recourse basis. In the event of a default by the customer in non-recourse financings, the other financial institution has a first lien on the underlying leased equipment with no further recourse against TCF.
On July 1, 2001, TCF exercised its right of redemption on the $28.8 million of 9.50% senior subordinated debentures at par plus accrued earnings to the date of redemption in accordance with redemption provisions of the debentures.
59
Included in FHLB advances at December 31, 2001 are $1.3 billion of fixed-rate advances which are callable at par on certain dates. If called, the FHLB will provide replacement funding at the then-prevailing market interest rates. Due to changes in interest rates since the long-term FHLB advances were obtained, the market rate exceeded the contract rates on $5.5 million of long-term advances with call dates within one year. The probability that these advances will be called depends primarily on the level of related interest rates during the call period. The stated maturity dates and the next call dates for the callable FHLB advances outstanding at December 31, 2001 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
| | | | Weighted- | | | | Weighted- | |
Year | | | Stated Maturity | | Average Rate | | Next Call Date | | Average Rate | |
2002 | | $ | — | | — | % | $ | 642,500 | | 5.67 | % |
2003 | | 85,000 | | 5.65 | | 300,000 | | 5.68 | |
2004 | | 303,000 | | 5.49 | | 317,000 | | 4.93 | |
2005 | | 246,000 | | 5.92 | | — | | — | |
2006 | | 203,000 | | 5.55 | | — | | — | |
2009 | | 122,500 | | 5.16 | | — | | — | |
2010 | | 100,000 | | 5.92 | | — | | — | |
2011 | | 200,000 | | 4.78 | | — | | — | |
| | $ | 1,259,500 | | 5.49 | | $ | 1,259,500 | | 5.49 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
FHLB advances are collateralized by residential real estate loans and FHLB stock with an aggregate carrying value of $2.5 billion at December 31, 2001.
Income tax expense consists of:
| | Current | | Deferred | | Total | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Year ended December 31, 2001: | | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 112,288 | | $ | 3,707 | | $ | 115,995 | |
State | | 6,188 | | 329 | | 6,517 | |
| | $ | 118,476 | | $ | 4,036 | | $ | 122,512 | |
Year ended December 31, 2000: | | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 88,746 | | $ | 18,862 | | $ | 107,608 | |
State | | 6,457 | | 2,528 | | 8,985 | |
| | $ | 95,203 | | $ | 21,390 | | $ | 116,593 | |
Year ended December 31, 1999: | | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ | 91,647 | | $ | 2,981 | | $ | 94,628 | |
State | | 11,747 | | 677 | | 12,424 | |
| | $ | 103,394 | | $ | 3,658 | | $ | 107,052 | |
Income tax expense differs from the amounts computed by applying the federal income tax rate of 35% to income before income tax expense as a result of the following:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Computed income tax expense | | $ | 115,442 | | $ | 105,993 | | $ | 95,582 | |
Increase in income tax expense resulting from: | | | | | | | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 2,553 | | 2,544 | | 2,724 | |
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit | | 4,236 | | 5,840 | | 8,076 | |
Other, net | | 281 | | 2,216 | | 670 | |
| | $ | 122,512 | | $ | 116,593 | | $ | 107,052 | |
60
The significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | |
Securities available for sale | | $ | — | | $ | 5,755 | |
Allowance for loan and lease losses | | 21,829 | | 20,471 | |
Pension and other compensation plans | | 17,034 | | 15,710 | |
Total deferred tax assets | | 38,863 | | 41,936 | |
Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | | |
Securities available for sale | | 3,580 | | — | |
Lease financing | | 53,158 | | 50,653 | |
Loan fees and discounts | | 14,596 | | 12,570 | |
Mortgage servicing | | 8,912 | | 2,884 | |
Other, net | | 399 | | 4,240 | |
Total deferred tax liabilities | | 80,645 | | 70,347 | |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | | $ | (41,782 | ) | $ | (28,411 | ) |
RESTRICTED RETAINED EARNINGS—Retained earnings at December 31, 2001 includes approximately $134.4 million for which no provision for federal income tax has been made. This amount represents earnings appropriated to bad debt reserves and deducted for federal income tax purposes and is generally not available for payment of cash dividends or other distributions to shareholders. Payments or distributions of these appropriated earnings could invoke a tax liability for TCF based on the amount of earnings removed and current tax rates.
In general, TCF’s subsidiary banks may not declare or pay a dividend to TCF in excess of 100% of their net profits for that year combined with their retained net profits for the preceding two calendar years without prior approval of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”). Additional limitations on dividends declared or paid on, or repurchases of, TCF’s subsidiary banks’ capital stock are tied to the national banks’ regulatory capital levels.
SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN—TCF’s preferred share purchase rights will become exercisable only if a person or group acquires or announces an offer to acquire 15% or more of TCF’s common stock. When exercisable, each right will entitle the holder to buy one one-hundredth of a share of a new series of junior participating preferred stock at a price of $100. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain events, holders of the rights will be entitled to purchase either TCF’s common stock or shares in an “acquiring entity” at half of the market value. TCF’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) is generally entitled to redeem the rights at one cent per right at any time before they become exercisable. The rights will expire on June 9, 2009, if not previously redeemed or exercised.
TREASURY STOCK AND OTHER—Treasury stock and other consists of the following:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Treasury stock, at cost | | $ | (463,394 | ) | $ | (325,026 | ) |
Shares held in trust for deferred compensation plans, at cost | | (71,652 | ) | (61,908 | ) |
Unamortized deferred compensation | | (31,688 | ) | (33,056 | ) |
Loans to deferred compensation plans | | (9,783 | ) | (5,137 | ) |
| | $ | (576,517 | ) | $ | (425,127 | ) |
61
TCF purchased 3,670,107, 3,243,800 and 4,091,611 shares of its common stock during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. At December 31, 2001, TCF has 6.7 million shares remaining in its stock repurchase programs authorized by the Board of Directors.
On June 22, 2000, the Company entered into an agreement with a third party that provides TCF with an option to purchase up to $50 million of TCF’s common stock under a forward share repurchase contract. The forward transactions can be settled from time to time, at the Company’s election, on a physical, net cash or net share basis. The final maturity date of the agreement is June 24, 2002. At December 31, 2001 and 2000, there were no open forward purchases under this contract.
SHARES HELD IN TRUST FOR DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS—TCF has deferred compensation plans that allow eligible executives, senior officers and certain other employees to defer payment of up to 100% of their base salary and bonus as well as grants of restricted stock. There are no company contributions to these plans, other than payment of administrative expenses. The amounts deferred are invested in TCF stock or other publicly traded stocks and bonds. At December 31, 2001 the assets in the plans totaled $200.4 million and included $193.6 million invested in TCF common stock. The cost of TCF common stock held by TCF’s deferred compensation plans is reported separately in a manner similar to treasury stock (that is, changes in fair value are not recognized) with a corresponding deferred compensation obligation reflected in additional paid-in capital.
LOANS TO DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS—During 1998 and 2000, loans totaling $6.4 million and $2 million, respectively, were made by TCF to the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan trustee on a non-recourse basis to purchase shares of TCF common stock for the accounts of participants. During September 2001, most participant accounts were refinanced and an additional $6.2 million was loaned to the plan to purchase additional shares of TCF stock. The amount of the loan related to an individual participant is limited to what could be serviced (fully amortized over a five-year term) through dividend payments on existing and newly acquired shares of TCF common stock in the participant’s account. The loans are repayable by the participants over five years and bear interest at 6.625% to 8.00% and are secured by a pledge of stock acquired through the loan, future income to the participant’s account and a contingent deferral commitment from each participant. These loans are reflected as a reduction of stockholders’ equity as required by generally accepted accounting principles.
During 2001, loans totaling $755,000 were made by TCF to the Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan trustee on a non-recourse basis to purchase shares of TCF common stock for the accounts of participants. The loans are repayable by the participants over five years and bear interest at 6.625% and are secured by the shares of TCF common stock purchases with the loan proceeds. These loans have a remaining principal balance of $721,000 at December 31, 2001, which is reflected as a reduction of stockholders’ equity as required by generally accepted accounting principles.
15 Regulatory Capital Requirements
TCF is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by the federal banking agencies that could have a direct material effect on TCF’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for “prompt corrective action,” TCF must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, stockholders’ equity, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.
The following table sets forth TCF’s tier 1 leverage, tier 1 risk-based and total risk-based capital levels, and applicable percentages of adjusted assets, together with the excess over the minimum capital requirements:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | Amount | | Percentage | | Amount | | Percentage | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Tier 1 leverage capital | | $ | 758,728 | | 6.62 | % | $ | 758,766 | | 6.90 | % |
Tier 1 leverage capital requirement | | 343,996 | | 3.00 | | 330,110 | | 3.00 | |
Excess | | $ | 414,732 | | 3.62 | % | $ | 428,656 | | 3.90 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | | $ | 758,728 | | 10.24 | % | $ | 758,766 | | 10.66 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital requirement | | 296,260 | | 4.00 | | 284,827 | | 4.00 | |
Excess | | $ | 462,468 | | 6.24 | % | $ | 473,939 | | 6.66 | % |
Total risk-based capital | | $ | 833,821 | | 11.26 | % | $ | 825,527 | | 11.59 | % |
Total risk-based capital requirement | | 592,520 | | 8.00 | | 569,655 | | 8.00 | |
Excess | | $ | 241,301 | | 3.26 | % | $ | 255,872 | | 3.59 | % |
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At December 31, 2001, TCF and its bank subsidiaries exceeded their regulatory capital requirements and are considered “well-capitalized” under guidelines established by the FRB and the OCC pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991.
16 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
The TCF Financial 1995 Incentive Stock Program (the “Program”) was adopted to enable TCF to attract and retain key personnel. Under the Program, no more than 5% of the shares of TCF common stock outstanding on the date of initial shareholder approval may be awarded. At December 31, 2001, there were 2,881,069 shares reserved for issuance under the Program, including 370,125 shares related to outstanding stock options.
Restricted stock granted to certain executive officers in 2000 will vest only if certain earnings per share goals are achieved by 2008. Failure to achieve the goals will result in all or a portion of the shares being forfeited. Other restricted stock grants generally vest over periods from three to eight years.
TCF also has prior programs with options that remain outstanding. Those options are included in the following tables. Options generally become exercisable over a period of one to 10 years from the date of the grant and expire after 10 years. All outstanding options have a fixed exercise price equal to the market price of TCF common stock on the date of grant.
ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION—Effective January 1, 2000, TCF adopted the recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” for stock-based grants beginning in 2000. Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of an option or similar equity instrument on the date of grant is amortized to expense over the vesting period of the grant. The recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 were applied prospectively upon adoption. TCF applied the intrinsic value based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” as amended, for stock-based transactions through December 31, 1999. Accordingly, no compensation expense was recognized prior to 2000 for TCF’s stock option grants.
TCF believes the fair value method of accounting more appropriately reflects the substance of the transaction between an entity that issues stock options, or other stock-based instruments, and its employees; that is, an entity has granted something of value to an employee generally in return for their continued employment and services. The fair value based method is designated as the preferred method of accounting by SFAS No. 123.
Compensation expense for restricted stock under SFAS No. 123 and APB Opinion No. 25 is recorded over the vesting periods, and totaled $11.1 million, $9.4 million and $9.5 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
Had compensation expense for all periods been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates for awards under the Program consistent with the method of SFAS No. 123, TCF’s pro forma net income and diluted earnings per common share would have been $164.6 million and $1.98, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1999.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with the following weighted-average assumptions used for 1999: risk-free interest rates of 5.03%; dividend yield of 2.7%; expected lives of 7 years; and volatility of 27.0%.
The weighted-average grant date fair value of options was $6.59 and $7.02 in 2000 and 1999, respectively. No options were granted in 2001. The weighted-average grant date fair value of restricted stock was $39.53, $24.60 and $25.94 in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
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The following table reflects TCF’s stock option and restricted stock transactions under the Program since December 31, 1998:
| | Stock Options | | Restricted Stock | |
| | | | Exercise Price | | | | | |
| | | | | | Weighted- | | | | | |
| | Shares | | Range | | Average | | Shares | | Price Range | |
Outstanding at December 31, 1998 | | 1,178,657 | | $ | 2.22-33.28 | | $ | 17.67 | | 1,443,734 | | $ | 7.66-34.00 | |
Granted | | 247,550 | | 23.56-29.03 | | 25.25 | | 21,050 | | 22.53-28.59 | |
Exercised | | (551,107 | ) | 2.22-23.69 | | 11.73 | | — | | — | |
Forfeited | | (112,000 | ) | 23.56-33.28 | | 32.36 | | (11,760 | ) | 8.11-34.00 | |
Vested | | — | | — | | — | | (331,889 | ) | 7.66-27.34 | |
Outstanding at December 31, 1999 | | 763,100 | | 2.63-33.28 | | 22.27 | | 1,121,135 | | 8.11-34.00 | |
Granted | | 1,000 | | 21.81 | | 21.81 | | 1,300,080 | | 22.10-43.70 | |
Exercised | | (283,585 | ) | 2.63-28.88 | | 20.25 | | — | | — | |
Forfeited | | (13,000 | ) | 23.56-32.19 | | 28.32 | | (20,940 | ) | 20.88-34.00 | |
Vested | | — | | — | | — | | (125,175 | ) | 8.11-28.59 | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2000 | | 467,515 | | 3.46-33.28 | | 23.32 | | 2,275,100 | | 16.56-43.70 | |
Granted | | — | | — | | — | | 262,340 | | 27.98-48.20 | |
Exercised | | (86,832 | ) | 3.46-32.19 | | 17.47 | | — | | — | |
Forfeited | | (10,558 | ) | 23.56-32.19 | | 24.73 | | (18,850 | ) | 27.98-48.20 | |
Vested | | — | | — | | — | | (59,179 | ) | 16.56-40.75 | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2001 | | 370,125 | | 5.33-33.28 | | 24.65 | | 2,459,411 | (1) | | |
Exercisable at December 31, 2001 | | 204,127 | | 5.33-33.28 | | 22.48 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) 848,899 shares vested on January 2, 2002.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2001:
| | Options Outstanding | | Options Exercisable | |
Exercise Price Range | | Shares | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years | | Shares | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | |
$5.33 to $20.00 | | 43,325 | | $ | 7.83 | | 1.9 | | 43,325 | | $ | 7.83 | |
$20.01 to $25.00 | | 167,250 | | 23.59 | | 7.0 | | 96,902 | | 23.61 | |
$25.01 to $30.00 | | 72,050 | | 28.91 | | 7.5 | | 30,400 | | 28.94 | |
$30.01 to $33.28 | | 87,500 | | 31.50 | | 6.1 | | 33,500 | | 32.26 | |
Total Options | | 370,125 | | 24.65 | | 6.3 | | 204,127 | | 22.48 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
17 Employee Benefit Plans
The TCF Cash Balance Pension Plan (the “Pension Plan”) is a qualified defined benefit plan covering all “regular stated salary” employees and certain part-time employees who are at least 21 years old and have completed a year of eligibility service with TCF. TCF makes a monthly allocation to the participant’s account based on a percentage of the participant’s compensation. The percentage is based on the sum of the participant’s age and years of employment with TCF. Participants are fully vested after five years of qualifying service.
In addition to providing retirement income benefits, TCF provides health care benefits for eligible retired employees, and in some cases life insurance benefits (the “Postretirement Plan”). Substantially all full-time employees may become eligible for health care benefits if they reach retirement age and have completed ten years of service with the Company, with certain exceptions. Effective January 1, 2000, TCF modified the Postretirement Plan by eliminating the Company subsidy for employees not yet eligible for benefits under the Postretirement Plan. The plan provisions for full-time and retired employees then eligible for these benefits were not changed. These and similar benefits for active employees are provided through insurance companies or through self-funded programs. The Postretirement Plan is an unfunded plan.
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The following table sets forth the status of the Pension Plan and the Postretirement Plan at the dates indicated:
| | Pension Plan | | Postretirement Plan | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Change in benefit obligation: | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | $ | 32,544 | | $ | 30,728 | | $ | 7,609 | | $ | 9,721 | |
Service cost-benefits earned during the year | | 2,969 | | 3,248 | | 49 | | 56 | |
Interest cost on benefit obligation | | 2,480 | | 2,431 | | 547 | | 523 | |
Amendments | | — | | — | | — | | (2,481 | ) |
Actuarial (gain) loss | | 323 | | (1,942 | ) | 2,182 | | 179 | |
Benefits paid | | (2,263 | ) | (1,921 | ) | (809 | ) | (389 | ) |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | 36,053 | | 32,544 | | 9,578 | | 7,609 | |
Change in fair value of plan assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | | 87,064 | | 74,867 | | — | | — | |
Actual return on plan assets | | (25,197 | ) | 14,118 | | — | | — | |
Benefits paid | | (2,263 | ) | (1,921 | ) | (809 | ) | (389 | ) |
Employer contributions | | — | | — | | 809 | | 389 | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | | 59,604 | | 87,064 | | — | | — | |
Funded status of plans: | | | | | | | | | |
Funded status at end of year | | 23,551 | | 54,520 | | (9,578 | ) | (7,609 | ) |
Unrecognized transition obligation | | — | | — | | 2,304 | | 2,513 | |
Unrecognized prior service cost | | (1,869 | ) | (2,926 | ) | — | | — | |
Unrecognized net (gain) loss | | 1,678 | | (32,808 | ) | 1,388 | | (797 | ) |
Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost at end of year | | $ | 23,360 | | $ | 18,786 | | $ | (5,886 | ) | $ | (5,893 | ) |
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) included the following components:
| | Pension Plan | | Postretirement Plan | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Service cost | | $ | 2,969 | | $ | 3,248 | | $ | 3,297 | | $ | 49 | | $ | 56 | | $ | 426 | |
Interest cost | | 2,480 | | 2,431 | | 2,059 | | 547 | | 523 | | 630 | |
Expected return on plan assets | | (7,156 | ) | (6,207 | ) | (5,155 | ) | — | | — | | — | |
Amortization of transition obligation | | — | | — | | — | | 209 | | 209 | | 342 | |
Amortization of prior service cost | | (1,057 | ) | (1,057 | ) | (1,057 | ) | — | | — | | 109 | |
Recognized actuarial gain | | (1,810 | ) | (915 | ) | — | | (3 | ) | (22 | ) | (12 | ) |
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) | | $ | (4,574 | ) | $ | (2,500 | ) | $ | (856 | ) | $ | 802 | | $ | 766 | | $ | 1,495 | |
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The discount rate and rate of increase in future compensation used to measure the benefit obligation and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets were as follows:
| | Pension Plan | | Postretirement Plan | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
Discount rate | | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % | 7.50 | % |
Rate of increase in future compensation | | 4.50 | | 5.00 | | 5.00 | | N.A. | | N.A. | | N.A. | |
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets | | 10.00 | | 10.00 | | 10.00 | | N.A. | | N.A. | | N.A. | |
N.A. Not applicable.
The Pension Plan’s assets consist primarily of listed stocks. At December 31, 2001 and 2000, the Pension Plan’s assets included TCF common stock with a market value of $11.8 million and $11.3 million, respectively.
For active participants of the Postretirement Plan, a 6.8% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits was assumed for 2002. This rate is assumed to decrease gradually to 6% for the year 2004 and remain at that level thereafter. For most retired participants, the annual rate of increase is assumed to be 4% for all future years.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amounts reported for the Postretirement Plan. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:
| | 1- Percentage- | | 1- Percentage- | |
| | Point Increase | | Point Decrease | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Effect on total service and interest cost components | | $ | 13 | | $ | (12 | ) |
Effect on postretirement benefits obligations | | 131 | | (117 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
EMPLOYEES STOCK PURCHASE PLAN—The TCF Employees Stock Purchase Plan generally allows participants to make contributions by salary deduction of up to 18% of their salary on a tax-deferred basis (12% prior to November 1, 2001). TCF matches the contributions of all employees at the rate of 50 cents per dollar, with a maximum employer contribution of 3% of the employee’s salary. Employee contributions vest immediately while the Company’s matching contributions are subject to a graduated vesting schedule based on an employee’s years of vesting service. Employee contributions and matching contributions are invested in TCF stock. Employees age 50 and over may invest all or a portion of their account balance in various mutual funds. The Company’s matching contributions are expensed when made. At December 31, 2001, the assets in the plan totaled $200.2 million and included $197.3 million invested in TCF common stock. Additionally, as of December 31, 2001, $76.5 million of plan assets were eligible for diversification under plan provisions. TCF’s contribution to the plan was $3 million, $2.7 million and $2.8 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
18 Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Effective January 1, 2001, TCF adopted SFAS No. 133, as amended, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS No. 133 requires that all derivative instruments as defined, including derivatives embedded in other financial instruments or contracts, be recognized as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial condition at fair value. Changes in the fair value of a derivative are recorded in the results of operations. A derivative may be designated as a hedge of an exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or firm commitment or as a hedge of cash flows of forecasted transactions. The accounting for derivatives that are used as hedges is dependent on the type of hedge and requires that a hedge be highly effective in offsetting changes in the hedged risk.
Under SFAS No. 133, TCF’s pipeline of locked residential mortgage loan commitments are considered derivatives and are recorded at fair value, with the changes in fair value recognized in gains on sales of loans held for sale in the consolidated statements of income. TCF economically hedges its risk of changes in the fair value of locked residential mortgage loan commitments due to changes in interest rates through the use of forward sales contracts. Forward sales contracts require TCF to deliver qualifying residential mortgage loans or pools of loans at a specified future date at a specified price or yield. Such forward sales contracts hedging the pipeline of locked residential mortgage loan commitments are derivatives under SFAS No. 133 and are recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in gains on sales of loans held for sale. TCF also utilizes forward sales contracts to hedge its risk of changes in the fair value of its residential
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loans held for sale. In accordance with fair value hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133, the forward sales contracts hedging the residential loans held for sale are recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in gains on sales of loans held for sale as is the offsetting change in the fair value of the hedged loans.
The impact of adopting SFAS No. 133 on TCF’s financial position was not material. A transition adjustment of $117,000 was recorded in other income in the consolidated statements of income on January 1, 2001. During 2001, the ineffectiveness of the fair value hedges was not material. Forward mortgage loan sales commitments totaled $490.9 million and $121.7 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
19 Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk
TCF is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk, primarily to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments, which are issued or held by TCF for purposes other than trading, involve elements of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
TCF’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the counterparty to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of the commitments. TCF uses the same credit policies in making these commitments as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. TCF evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.
COMMITMENTS TO EXTEND CREDIT—Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition in the contract. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. At December 31, 2001 these commitments totaled $1.6 billion and consisted of consumer commitments of $955.7 million, commercial commitments of $494.5 million, leasing and equipment financing commitments of $71.6 million and other commitments of $32.5 million. At December 31, 2000 these commitments totaled $1.2 billion and consisted of consumer commitments of $706.9 million, commercial commitments of $411.3 million, leasing and equipment finance commitments of $71.6 million and other commitments of $47 million. Since certain of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Collateral predominantly consists of residential and commercial real estate and personal property.
STANDBY LETTERS OF CREDIT—Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by TCF guaranteeing the performance of a customer to a third party. The standby letters of credit expire in various years through the year 2003 and totaled $12.7 million and $28.8 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Collateral held primarily consists of commercial real estate mortgages. Since the conditions under which TCF is required to fund standby letters of credit may not materialize, the cash requirements are expected to be less than the total outstanding commitments.
VA LOANS SERVICED WITH PARTIAL RECOURSE—TCF services VA loans on which it must cover any principal loss in excess of the VA’s guarantee if the VA elects its “no-bid” option upon the foreclosure of a loan. The liability relating to the loans serviced with partial recourse was $100,000 and $100,000 at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively and was recorded in other liabilities. The serviced loans are collateralized by residential real estate and totaled $179.7 million and $182.1 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES—FORWARD SETTLEMENTS—TCF enters into forward settlements of FHLB advances in the course of asset and liability management and to manage interest rate risk. There were no forward settlements of FHLB advances at December 31, 2001. Forward settlements of FHLB advances totaled $300 million at December 31, 2000.
20 Fair Values of Financial Instruments
TCF is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities on and off the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are subjective in nature, involving uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
The carrying amounts of cash and due from banks, investments and accrued interest payable and receivable approximate their fair values due to the short period of time until their expected realization. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, which is based on quoted market prices. Certain financial instruments, including lease financings and discounted lease rentals, and all non-financial instruments are excluded from fair value of financial instrument disclosure requirements.
The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for its remaining financial instruments, all of which are issued or held for purposes other than trading.
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LOANS—The fair value of residential loans is estimated using quoted market prices. For certain variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and that have experienced no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. The fair values of other loans are estimated by discounting contractual cash flows adjusted for prepayment estimates, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers with similar credit risk characteristics.
DEPOSITS—The fair value of checking, savings and money market deposits is deemed equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of certificates is estimated based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates offered by TCF for certificates with similar remaining maturities. The intangible value of long-term relationships with depositors is not taken into account in the fair values disclosed in the table below.
BORROWINGS—The carrying amounts of short-term borrowings approximate their fair values. The fair values of TCF’s long-term borrowings are estimated based on quoted market prices or discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates for borrowings of similar remaining maturities.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK—The fair values of TCF’s commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are estimated using fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements. For fixed-rate loan commitments and standby letters of credit issued in conjunction with fixed-rate loan agreements, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates. The fair value of VA loans serviced with partial recourse approximates the carrying value recorded in other liabilities. The fair values of forward settlements of FHLB advances are based on the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates.
As discussed above, the carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair value. The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s remaining financial instruments are set forth in the following table:
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | Carrying | | Estimated | | Carrying | | Estimated | |
| | Amount | | Fair Value | | Amount | | Fair Value | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Financial instrument assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Loans held for sale | | $ | 451,609 | | $ | 454,536 | | $ | 227,779 | | $ | 231,306 | |
Forward mortgage loan sales commitments | | 7,352 | | 7,352 | | — | | — | |
Loans: | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer | | 2,509,333 | | 2,548,617 | | 2,234,134 | | 2,408,672 | |
Commercial real estate | | 1,622,461 | | 1,644,263 | | 1,371,841 | | 1,381,222 | |
Commercial business | | 422,381 | | 417,896 | | 410,422 | | 410,003 | |
Equipment finance loans | | 271,398 | | 275,148 | | 207,059 | | 210,434 | |
Residential real estate | | 2,733,290 | | 2,795,894 | | 3,673,831 | | 3,712,568 | |
Allowance for loan losses(1) | | (66,876 | ) | — | | (60,816 | ) | — | |
| | $ | 7,950,948 | | $ | 8,143,706 | | $ | 8,064,250 | | $ | 8,354,205 | |
Financial instrument liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
Checking, savings and money market deposits | | $ | 4,778,714 | | $ | 4,778,714 | | $ | 4,086,219 | | $ | 4,086,219 | |
Certificates | | 2,320,244 | | 2,357,872 | | 2,805,605 | | 2,836,340 | |
Short-term borrowings | | 719,859 | | 719,859 | | 898,695 | | 898,695 | |
Long-term borrowings | | 2,303,166 | | 2,410,329 | | 2,285,550 | | 2,309,323 | |
| | $ | 10,121,983 | | $ | 10,266,774 | | $ | 10,076,069 | | $ | 10,130,577 | |
Financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk:(2) | | | | | | | | | |
Commitments to extend credit(3) | | $ | 13,767 | | $ | 13,767 | | $ | 12,045 | | $ | 12,045 | |
Standby letters of credit(4) | | 2,409 | | 2,409 | | (2 | ) | (2 | ) |
Federal Home Loan Bank advance forward settlements | | — | | — | | — | | (6,985 | ) |
| | $ | 16,176 | | $ | 16,176 | | $ | 12,043 | | $ | 5,058 | |
(1) Excludes the allowance for lease losses.
(2) Positive amounts represent assets, negative amounts represent liabilities.
(3) Carrying amounts are included in other assets.
(4) Carrying amounts are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities.
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21 Earnings Per Common Share
The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share is presented in the following table:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Basic Earnings Per Common Share | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | | 75,825,017 | | 78,648,765 | | 82,445,288 | |
Basic earnings per common share | | $ | 2.73 | | $ | 2.37 | | $ | 2.01 | |
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted for effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding used in basic earnings per common share calculation | | 75,825,017 | | 78,648,765 | | 82,445,288 | |
Net dilutive effect of: | | | | | | | |
Stock option plans | | 149,711 | | 113,338 | | 172,486 | |
Restricted stock plans | | 868,209 | | 626,572 | | 452,944 | |
| | 76,842,937 | | 79,388,675 | | 83,070,718 | |
Diluted earnings per common share | | $ | 2.70 | | $ | 2.35 | | $ | 2.00 | |
Comprehensive income is the total of net income and other comprehensive income (loss), which for TCF is comprised entirely of unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale. The following table summarizes the components of comprehensive income:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax: | | | | | | | |
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period on securities available for sale | | 26,295 | | 59,726 | | (84,503 | ) |
Reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income | | (863 | ) | — | | (3,194 | ) |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | 9,335 | | 22,212 | | (32,724 | ) |
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | | 16,097 | | 37,514 | | (54,973 | ) |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 223,419 | | $ | 223,759 | | $ | 111,066 | |
Banking, leasing and equipment finance, and mortgage banking have been identified as reportable operating segments. Banking includes the following operating units that provide financial services to customers: deposits and investment products, commercial lending, consumer lending, residential lending and treasury services. Management of TCF’s banking segment is organized by state. The separate state operations have been aggregated for purposes of segment disclosures. Leasing and equipment finance provides a broad range of comprehensive leasing and equipment finance products addressing the financing needs of diverse companies. Mortgage banking activities include the origination and purchase of residential mortgage loans primarily for sale to third parties, generally with servicing retained. In addition, TCF operates a bank holding company (“parent company”) and has corporate functions that provide data processing, bank operations and other professional services to the operating segments.
TCF evaluates performance and allocates resources based on the segments’ net income. The segments follow generally accepted accounting principles as described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. TCF generally accounts for intersegment sales and transfers at cost. Each segment is managed separately with its own president, who reports to TCF’s chief operating decision maker.
69
The following table sets forth certain information about the reported profit or loss and assets of each of TCF’s reportable segments, including a reconciliation of TCF’s consolidated totals. Results for 2001 reflect changes in methodologies of certain allocations. Leasing and equipment finance results for 2001 include an increase of $1.5 million, after-tax, in intercompany expense. The mortgage banking results for 2001 include a reduction of $1.2 million after-tax, in intercompany expense compared with 2000. The net offsets to these changes in intercompany expenses are included in banking results. The results of TCF’s parent company and corporate functions comprise the “other” category in the table below.
| | | | Leasing and | | | | | | Eliminations | | | |
| | | | Equipment | | Mortgage | | | | and | | | |
| | Banking | | Finance | | Banking | | Other | | Reclassifications | | Consolidated | |
| | (In thousands) | |
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2001: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues from external customers: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 722,722 | | $ | 89,131 | | $ | 14,334 | | $ | 422 | | $ | — | | $ | 826,609 | |
Non-interest income | | 313,501 | | 45,730 | | 12,042 | | 213 | | — | | 371,486 | |
Total | | $ | 1,036,223 | | $ | 134,861 | | $ | 26,376 | | $ | 635 | | $ | — | | $ | 1,198,095 | |
Net interest income | | $ | 423,043 | | $ | 39,429 | | $ | 14,919 | | $ | 433 | | $ | 3,398 | | $ | 481,222 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 7,359 | | 13,519 | | — | | — | | — | | 20,878 | |
Non-interest income | | 313,501 | | 45,730 | | 15,439 | | 96,829 | | (100,013 | ) | 371,486 | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 7,350 | | 427 | | — | | — | | — | | 7,777 | |
Other non-interest expense | | 432,298 | | 38,369 | | 20,893 | | 99,274 | | (96,615 | ) | 494,219 | |
Income tax expense | | 109,063 | | 12,410 | | 3,577 | | (2,538 | ) | — | | 122,512 | |
Net income | | $ | 180,474 | | $ | 20,434 | | $ | 5,888 | | $ | 526 | | $ | — | | $ | 207,322 | |
Total assets | | $ | 10,982,411 | | $ | 988,387 | | $ | 374,263 | | $ | 102,132 | | $ | (1,088,478 | ) | $ | 11,358,715 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2000: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues from external customers: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 751,103 | | $ | 69,960 | | $ | 5,192 | | $ | 426 | | $ | — | | $ | 826,681 | |
Non-interest income | | 287,219 | | 38,451 | | 10,519 | | 87 | | — | | 336,276 | |
Total | | $ | 1,038,322 | | $ | 108,411 | | $ | 15,711 | | $ | 513 | | $ | — | | $ | 1,162,957 | |
Net interest income | | $ | 397,887 | | $ | 30,405 | | $ | 5,609 | | $ | (556 | ) | $ | 5,191 | | $ | 438,536 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 9,594 | | 5,178 | | — | | — | | — | | 14,772 | |
Non-interest income | | 287,219 | | 38,451 | | 15,711 | | 90,640 | | (95,745 | ) | 336,276 | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 7,310 | | 396 | | — | | — | | — | | 7,706 | |
Other non-interest expense | | 401,217 | | 25,813 | | 19,432 | | 93,588 | | (90,554 | ) | 449,496 | |
Income tax expense | | 102,722 | | 14,420 | | 717 | | (1,266 | ) | — | | 116,593 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 164,263 | | $ | 23,049 | | $ | 1,171 | | $ | (2,238 | ) | $ | — | | $ | 186,245 | |
Total assets | | $ | 10,800,942 | | $ | 876,540 | | $ | 130,477 | | $ | 112,309 | | $ | (722,806 | ) | $ | 11,197,462 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 1999: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues from external customers: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 699,451 | | $ | 47,562 | | $ | 4,668 | | $ | 420 | | $ | — | | $ | 752,101 | |
Non-interest income | | 269,240 | | 28,490 | | 15,961 | | 2 | | — | | 313,693 | |
Total | | $ | 968,691 | | $ | 76,052 | | $ | 20,629 | | $ | 422 | | $ | — | | $ | 1,065,794 | |
Net interest income | | $ | 398,264 | | $ | 25,212 | | $ | 6,029 | | $ | (3,487 | ) | $ | (1,805 | ) | $ | 424,213 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 15,065 | | 1,858 | | — | | — | | — | | 16,923 | |
Non-interest income | | 269,240 | | 28,490 | | 20,152 | | 82,564 | | (86,753 | ) | 313,693 | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 7,320 | | 393 | | — | | — | | — | | 7,713 | |
Other non-interest expense | | 397,135 | | 19,062 | | 27,809 | | 84,731 | | (88,558 | ) | 440,179 | |
Income tax expense | | 96,473 | | 13,037 | | (491 | ) | (1,967 | ) | — | | 107,052 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 151,511 | | $ | 19,352 | | $ | (1,137 | ) | $ | (3,687 | ) | $ | — | | $ | 166,039 | |
Total assets | | $ | 10,270,641 | | $ | 524,702 | | $ | 122,685 | | $ | 56,188 | | $ | (312,500 | ) | $ | 10,661,716 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Other expense consists of the following:
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Deposit account losses | | $ | 19,415 | | $ | 19,479 | | $ | 17,172 | |
Postage and courier | | 13,150 | | 11,442 | | 10,876 | |
Telecommunication | | 11,541 | | 13,345 | | 13,386 | |
Office supplies | | 9,881 | | 9,216 | | 8,879 | |
ATM interchange | | 9,723 | | 11,735 | | 11,156 | |
Loan and lease | | 6,787 | | 3,979 | | 5,469 | |
Federal deposit insurance and OCC assessments | | 2,757 | | 2,837 | | 5,307 | |
Deposit base intangible amortization | | 1,939 | | 2,295 | | 2,976 | |
Other | | 51,627 | | 41,505 | | 35,311 | |
| | $ | 126,820 | | $ | 115,833 | | $ | 110,532 | |
25 Parent Company Financial Information
Effective January 1, 2001, certain company-wide functions previously included in the parent company were transferred, with related assets and liabilities, to TCF National Bank. The impact of this transfer is reflected in the following financial statements. TCF Financial Corporation’s (parent company only) condensed statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the condensed statements of income and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 are as follows:
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
| | At December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Assets: | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 37 | | $ | 191 | |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | | 2,657 | | 23,996 | |
Investment in bank subsidiaries | | 880,200 | | 835,933 | |
Premises and equipment | | 388 | | 11,947 | |
Dividends receivable from bank subsidiaries | | 16,100 | | 25,000 | |
Other assets | | 32,221 | | 35,315 | |
| | $ | 931,603 | | $ | 932,382 | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity: | | | | | |
Short-term borrowings | | $ | 2,000 | | $ | — | |
Other liabilities | | 12,570 | | 22,162 | |
Total liabilities | | 14,570 | | 22,162 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 917,033 | | 910,220 | |
| | $ | 931,603 | | $ | 932,382 | |
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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Interest income | | $ | 833 | | $ | 1,192 | | $ | 576 | |
Interest expense | | 376 | | 1,726 | | 4,000 | |
Net interest income (expense) | | 457 | | (534 | ) | (3,424 | ) |
Cash dividends received from consolidated bank subsidiaries | | 206,970 | | 212,327 | | 164,791 | |
Other non-interest income: | | | | | | | |
Affiliate service fees | | 14,292 | | 90,553 | | 82,567 | |
Other | | 95 | | 87 | | (3 | ) |
Total other non-interest income | | 14,387 | | 90,640 | | 82,564 | |
Non-interest expense: | | | | | | | |
Compensation and employee benefits | | 13,785 | | 54,506 | | 49,171 | |
Occupancy and equipment | | 784 | | 16,133 | | 14,982 | |
Other | | 1,690 | | 22,970 | | 20,622 | |
Total non-interest expense | | 16,259 | | 93,609 | | 84,775 | |
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries | | 205,555 | | 208,824 | | 159,156 | |
Income tax benefit | | 496 | | 1,435 | | 1,852 | |
Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries | | 206,051 | | 210,259 | | 161,008 | |
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries | | 1,271 | | (24,014 | ) | 5,031 | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2000 | | 1999 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 207,322 | | $ | 186,245 | | $ | 166,039 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | |
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries | | (1,271 | ) | 24,014 | | (5,031 | ) |
Other, net | | 5,381 | | 13,381 | | 15,554 | |
Total adjustments | | 4,110 | | 37,395 | | 10,523 | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 211,432 | | 223,640 | | 176,562 | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | |
Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks | | 21,339 | | (21,357 | ) | (238 | ) |
Investments in subsidiaries, net | | (6,000 | ) | — | | (1,000 | ) |
Loan to deferred compensation plans, net | | (4,646 | ) | (416 | ) | 1,390 | |
Purchases of premises and equipment, net | | (273 | ) | (4,300 | ) | (6,624 | ) |
Other, net | | — | | 525 | | 579 | |
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities | | 10,420 | | (25,548 | ) | (5,893 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | |
Dividends paid on common stock | | (77,473 | ) | (66,101 | ) | (60,755 | ) |
Purchases of common stock | | (148,043 | ) | (73,824 | ) | (106,106 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | | 2,000 | | (64,357 | ) | (9,643 | ) |
Other, net | | 1,510 | | 5,708 | | 6,330 | |
Net cash used by financing activities | | (222,006 | ) | (198,574 | ) | (170,174 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash | | (154 | ) | (482 | ) | 495 | |
Cash at beginning of year | | 191 | | 673 | | 178 | |
Cash at end of year | | $ | 37 | | $ | 191 | | $ | 673 | |
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26 Litigation and Contingent Liabilities
From time to time, TCF is a party to legal proceedings arising out of its lending, deposit operations or other activities. TCF engages in foreclosure proceedings and other collection actions as part of its loan collection activities. From time to time, borrowers have also brought actions against TCF, in some cases claiming substantial amounts of damages. Some financial services companies have been subjected to significant exposure in connection with litigation, including class action litigation and punitive damage claims. While the Company is not aware of any actions or allegations which should reasonably give rise to any material adverse effect, it is possible that the Company could be subjected to such a claim in an amount which could be material. Based upon a review with its legal counsel, management believes that the ultimate disposition of pending litigation will not have a material effect on TCF’s financial condition.
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Independent Auditors’ Report

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of
TCF Financial Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of TCF Financial Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2001. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of TCF Financial Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2001, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in note 16 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as of January 1, 2000.

Minneapolis, Minnesota
January 16, 2002
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Other Financial Data
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
| | At Dec. 31, | | At Sept. 30, | | At June 30, | | At March 31, | | At Dec. 31, | | At Sept. 30, | | At June 30, | | At March 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2000 | | 2000 | | 2000 | | 2000 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Selected Financial Condition Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 11,358,715 | | $ | 11,723,353 | | $ | 11,628,663 | | $ | 11,845,124 | | $ | 11,197,462 | | $ | 10,980,000 | | $ | 10,905,705 | | $ | 10,761,821 | |
Securities available for sale | | 1,584,661 | | 1,794,136 | | 1,843,871 | | 1,928,338 | | 1,403,888 | | 1,413,218 | | 1,436,836 | | 1,470,532 | |
Residential real estate loans | | 2,733,290 | | 3,122,970 | | 3,251,813 | | 3,450,311 | | 3,673,831 | | 3,797,023 | | 3,866,659 | | 3,932,944 | |
Other loans and leases | | 5,510,912 | | 5,334,359 | | 5,181,260 | | 5,010,256 | | 4,872,868 | | 4,562,644 | | 4,364,491 | | 4,158,849 | |
Deposits | | 7,098,958 | | 7,057,945 | | 6,916,145 | | 7,030,818 | | 6,891,824 | | 6,810,921 | | 6,719,962 | | 6,823,248 | |
Borrowings | | 3,023,025 | | 3,459,286 | | 3,571,501 | | 3,675,428 | | 3,184,245 | | 3,115,066 | | 3,205,732 | | 2,975,080 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 917,033 | | 898,486 | | 890,369 | | 895,066 | | 910,220 | | 859,444 | | 807,382 | | 780,311 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | Dec. 31, | | Sept. 30, | | June 30, | | March 31, | | Dec. 31, | | Sept. 30, | | June 30, | | March 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2001 | | 2000 | | 2000 | | 2000 | | 2000 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands, except per-share data) | |
Selected Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 195,777 | | $ | 205,545 | | $ | 212,726 | | $ | 212,561 | | $ | 214,408 | | $ | 210,709 | | $ | 204,407 | | $ | 197,157 | |
Interest expense | | 70,031 | | 83,138 | | 93,448 | | 98,770 | | 103,584 | | 100,035 | | 94,209 | | 90,317 | |
Net interest income | | 125,746 | | 122,407 | | 119,278 | | 113,791 | | 110,824 | | 110,674 | | 110,198 | | 106,840 | |
Provision for credit losses | | 6,955 | | 6,076 | | 5,422 | | 2,425 | | 4,711 | | 3,688 | | 5,383 | | 990 | |
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | | 118,791 | | 116,331 | | 113,856 | | 111,366 | | 106,113 | | 106,986 | | 104,815 | | 105,850 | |
Non-interest income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fees and other revenues | | 95,621 | | 95,295 | | 95,650 | | 80,741 | | 86,343 | | 84,069 | | 81,308 | | 71,743 | |
Gains on sales of branches | | — | | — | | — | | 3,316 | | 8,947 | | — | | 3,866 | | — | |
Gains on sales of securities available for sale | | 863 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | |
Total | | 96,484 | | 95,295 | | 95,650 | | 84,057 | | 95,290 | | 84,069 | | 85,174 | | 71,743 | |
Non-interest expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization of goodwill | | 1,944 | | 1,944 | | 1,945 | | 1,944 | | 1,940 | | 1,937 | | 1,915 | | 1,914 | |
Other non-interest expense | | 129,484 | | 124,715 | | 124,008 | | 116,012 | | 114,641 | | 113,189 | | 112,200 | | 109,466 | |
Total | | 131,428 | | 126,659 | | 125,953 | | 117,956 | | 116,581 | | 115,126 | | 114,115 | | 111,380 | |
Income before income tax expense | | 83,847 | | 84,967 | | 83,553 | | 77,467 | | 84,822 | | 75,929 | | 75,874 | | 66,213 | |
Income tax expense | | 29,652 | | 32,077 | | 31,539 | | 29,244 | | 32,657 | | 29,232 | | 29,212 | | 25,492 | |
Net income | | $ | 54,195 | | $ | 52,890 | | $ | 52,014 | | $ | 48,223 | | $ | 52,165 | | $ | 46,697 | | $ | 46,662 | | $ | 40,721 | |
Per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic earnings | | $ | .73 | | $ | .70 | | $ | .68 | | $ | .62 | | $ | .67 | | $ | .60 | | $ | .60 | | $ | .51 | |
Diluted earnings | | $ | .72 | | $ | .69 | | $ | .67 | | $ | .62 | | $ | .66 | | $ | .59 | | $ | .59 | | $ | .51 | |
Diluted cash earnings(1) | | $ | .74 | | $ | .72 | | $ | .70 | | $ | .64 | | $ | .68 | | $ | .61 | | $ | .61 | | $ | .53 | |
Dividends declared | | $ | .25 | | $ | .25 | | $ | .25 | | $ | .25 | | $ | .2125 | | $ | .2125 | | $ | .2125 | | $ | .1875 | |
Mortgage Banking Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Servicing income | | $ | 4,676 | | $ | 4,316 | | $ | 4,180 | | $ | 3,760 | | $ | 3,739 | | $ | 3,141 | | $ | 2,860 | | $ | 2,902 | |
Less: Mortgage servicing amortization and impairment | | 9,411 | | 4,973 | | 4,076 | | 2,504 | | 1,779 | | 1,207 | | 1,130 | | 1,210 | |
Net servicing income (loss) | | (4,735 | ) | (657 | ) | 104 | | 1,256 | | 1,960 | | 1,934 | | 1,730 | | 1,692 | |
Gains on sales of loans | | 4,551 | | 3,277 | | 3,373 | | 594 | | 637 | | 215 | | 246 | | 249 | |
Other income | | 1,240 | | 1,012 | | 1,358 | | 669 | | 563 | | 601 | | 475 | | 217 | |
Total mortgage banking | | $ | 1,056 | | $ | 3,632 | | $ | 4,835 | | $ | 2,519 | | $ | 3,160 | | $ | 2,750 | | $ | 2,451 | | $ | 2,158 | |
Financial Ratios:(2) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Return on average assets | | 1.88 | % | 1.81 | % | 1.78 | % | 1.71 | % | 1.89 | % | 1.71 | % | 1.73 | % | 1.53 | % |
Cash return on average assets(1) | | 1.94 | | 1.88 | | 1.84 | | 1.77 | | 1.96 | | 1.78 | | 1.80 | | 1.60 | |
Return on average realized common equity | | 24.44 | | 23.68 | | 23.22 | | 21.47 | | 23.17 | | 21.52 | | 22.19 | | 19.24 | |
Return on average common equity | | 23.92 | | 23.48 | | 23.37 | | 21.54 | | 23.78 | | 22.55 | | 23.72 | | 20.55 | |
Cash return on average realized common equity(1) | | 25.30 | | 24.53 | | 24.07 | | 22.31 | | 24.01 | | 22.39 | | 23.09 | | 20.12 | |
Average total equity to average assets | | 7.85 | | 7.72 | | 7.61 | | 7.93 | | 7.95 | | 7.60 | | 7.28 | | 7.44 | |
Average tangible equity to average assets | | 6.50 | | 6.36 | | 6.23 | | 6.48 | | 6.45 | | 6.06 | | 5.72 | | 5.84 | |
Net interest margin | | 4.74 | | 4.55 | | 4.40 | | 4.35 | | 4.33 | | 4.38 | | 4.38 | | 4.32 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Excludes amortization of goodwill, net of income tax benefit.
(2) Annualized.
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