Stockholders' Equity | Note 6. Stockholders' Equity Dividends On January 19, 2021 , our board of directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.28 per share of common stock to be paid in cash on March 3, 2021 to shareholders of record at the close of business on February 3, 2021 . We paid aggregate annual cash dividends per share of $1.40 , $0.87, and $0.77 in 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Stock Options E ffective January 4, 2021, t he compensation committee of our board of directors granted to our employees options to purchase a total of 714,867 shares of our common stock at an exercise strike price of $48.00 per share. The closing stock price on the effective date of the grant was $47.65 per share. On the same date, certain of our non-employee directors elected to forgo all or a portion of the 2021 annual cash retainer in exchange for options to acquire a total of 26,643 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $48.00 per share. The following tables summarize the details of options granted under our stock option plans that were still outstanding as of December 31, 2020, and the assumptions used to value those grants. All such grants were effective at the close of business on the date of grant. Options Option Exercise Closing Stock December 31, 2020 Date of Grant Options Options January 2, 2020 902,263 $38.00 $37.230 874,112 24,964 January 2, 2019 1,316,924 $26.00 $25.705 1,221,248 25,010 January 2, 2018 1,087,936 $27.50 $27.270 886,679 270,457 January 3, 2017 1,529,578 $23.50 $23.475 988,415 378,747 April 19, 2016 1,690,880 $23.00 $22.870 930,043 589,137 April 21, 2015 1,786,440 $21.00 $20.630 596,622 350,526 April 22, 2014 1,910,000 $28.00 $25.265 337,550 185,050 April 16, 2013 410,000 $27.00 $24.625 32,340 13,602 April 17, 2012 2,470,000 $27.00 $24.505 47,748 47,748 Total 13,104,021 5,914,757 1,885,241 Date of Grant Risk-free Expected Life Expected Expected Estimated Fair January 2, 2020 1.7% 5.00 2.4% 25.70 % $6.81 January 2, 2019 2.5% 5.00 2.9% 23.96 % $4.40 January 2, 2018 2.2% 5.00 2.3% 23.45 % $5.02 January 3, 2017 1.9% 5.00 2.6% 24.49 % $4.20 April 19, 2016 1.3% 5.00 2.6% 26.34 % $4.09 April 21, 2015 1.3% 5.00 2.7% 26.84 % $3.68 April 22, 2014 1.8% 5.00 2.0% 28.55 % $4.79 April 16, 2013 0.7% 5.00 1.6% 37.42 % $6.33 April 17, 2012 0.9% 5.00 1.4% 39.25 % $6.85 All of the options in the tables above vest and become exercisable over a period of up to eight years. Generally, each option will terminate approximat ely ten years after the grant date. The fair value of each share-based option is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes valuation method that uses the assumptions listed above. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rate over the expected life of the option at the time of grant. The expected life is the average length of time over which we expect the employee groups will exercise their options, which is based on historical experience with similar grants. The dividend yield is estimated over the expected life of the option based on our current dividend payout, historical dividends paid, and expected future cash dividends. Expected stock volatilities are based on the movement of our stock price over the most recent historical period equivalent to the expected life of the option. A summary of activities under our stock option plans consisted of the following: Options Exercise Price (1) Remaining Life (2) Outstanding as of January 1, 2020 6,807,217 $ 24.890 6.09 Granted 902,263 $ 38.000 9.00 Exercised (1,630,664) $ 25.180 Cancelled/forfeited (164,059) $ 27.640 Outstanding as of December 31, 2020 5,914,757 $ 26.730 6.22 Exercisable as of December 31, 2020 1,885,241 $ 24.230 4.71 Options Exercise (1) Remaining Life (2) Outstanding as of January 1, 2019 7,999,264 $ 24.765 5.61 Granted 1,316,924 $ 26.000 9.00 Exercised (2,325,073) $ 25.150 Cancelled/forfeited (183,898) $ 24.630 Outstanding as of December 31, 2019 6,807,217 $ 24.890 6.09 Exercisable as of December 31, 2019 2,164,067 $ 24.510 4.30 (1) Weighted average exercise price. (2) Weighted average remaining contractual life in years. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $26.7, $20.2, and $4.2, respectively. The intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price and fair value of the underlying shares at the date of exercise. At December 31, 2020, there was $12.6 of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding unvested stock options granted under the employee stock option plan. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.87 years. Any future change in estimated forfeitures will impact this amount. The total grant date fair value of stock options vested under our employee stock option plan during 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $6.1, $5.9, and $5.3, respectively. Total stock-based compensation expense related to our employee stock option plan was $5.7, $5.7, and $5.1 for 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Shares Outstanding Shares of common stock outstanding were as follows: 2020 2019 2018 Balance at beginning of year 574,128,911 571,803,838 575,183,072 Stock options exercised 1,630,664 2,325,073 620,766 Purchases of common stock (1,600,000) — (4,000,000) Balance at end of year 574,159,575 574,128,911 571,803,838 Earnings Per Share The following tables present a reconciliation of the denominators used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share and a summary of the options to purchase shares of common stock which were excluded from the diluted earnings calculation because they were anti-dilutive: Reconciliation 2020 2019 2018 Basic weighted average shares outstanding 573,778,761 573,202,152 573,933,834 Weighted shares assumed upon exercise of stock options 1,893,193 1,239,476 391,694 Diluted weighted average shares outstanding 575,671,954 574,441,628 574,325,528 Summary of Anti-dilutive Options Excluded 2020 2019 2018 Options to purchase shares of common stock 846,041 — 3,159,514 Weighted average exercise prices of options $ 38.00 — 27.51 Any dilutive impact summarized above related to periods when the average market price of our stock exceeded the exercise price of the potentially dilutive stock options then outstanding. |