Gross Margin
2020 first-quarter gross margin reported under GAAP was 51.8 percent versus 47.9 percent for the first quarter of 2019. On anon-GAAP basis, excluding stock-based compensation expense and other special items, 2020 first-quarter gross margin was 54.1 percent, versus 51.5 percent in the prior-year period(2). Gross margin was higher year-over-year due primarily to continued mix shift, away from perpetual hardware and consulting to higher margin recurring revenue.
Operating Loss / Income
2020 first-quarter operating loss reported under GAAP was $(6) million which compares to $(5) million in the first quarter of 2019. On anon-GAAP basis, excluding stock-based compensation expense and other special items, 2020 first-quarter operating income was $32 million versus $41 million in the first quarter of 2019(2). The decrease innon-GAAP operating income was primarily driven by revenue-related headwinds due to the impact ofCOVID-19, as well as ongoing investments related to ourgo-to-market and Cloud initiatives.
Income Taxes
Teradata’s 2020 first-quarter tax rate under GAAP was 1,300.0 percent compared to 0.0 percent in the first quarter of 2019, primarily driven by the recognition of a $157 million tax benefit related to the IP restructuring previously disclosed. Excluding special items, Teradata’snon-GAAP 2020 first-quarter tax rate was negative 25.0 percent versus 27.8 percent in the first quarter of 2019(2).
Cash Flow
During the first quarter of 2020, Teradata generated $10 million of cash from operating activities compared to $49 million in the same period of 2019. During the quarter, Teradata used $12 million for capital expenditures and additions to capitalized software development costs, versus using $16 million in the first quarter of 2019. Teradata’s 2020 first-quarter free cash flow was $(2) million, compared to $33 million in the first quarter of 2019(3). The decline in free cash flow year-over-year was primarily driven by over $30 million of delayed cash collections related toCOVID-19, the majority of which were collected in April.
Balance Sheet
Teradata ended the first quarter 2020 with $394 million in cash. During the first quarter of 2020, Teradata repurchased 3.7 million shares of the Company’s common stock for approximately $75 million. At the end of the first quarter, Teradata had approximately $432 million of board authorization remaining for share repurchases and 108.3 million shares outstanding. However, as a precautionary measure, the Company has suspended its share buyback program due to the ongoingCOVID-19 pandemic to help ensure it has appropriate cash levels to support its customers and employees.
As of March 31, 2020, the Company had total debt of $610 million, including $135 million of outstanding finance lease obligations. There were no funds drawn on the company’s $400 million revolving credit facility as of March 31, 2020.
2