Investments | Note 8. Investments The following tables set forth the carrying value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and amortized cost of the Company’s investments, aggregated by type and industry, as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Investments were comprised of the following: June 30, 2016 Carrying Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Amortized Cost Fixed maturities: Bonds: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $ 16,040 $ 519 $ 1 $ 15,522 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 18,446 1,182 - 17,264 Corporate securities: Utilities and telecom 20,527 2,184 182 18,525 Financial services 56,392 3,018 950 54,324 Other business – diversified 66,368 2,564 3,016 66,820 Other consumer – diversified 30,613 1,189 606 30,030 Total corporate securities 173,900 8,955 4,754 169,699 Redeemable preferred stocks: Financial services 254 4 - 250 Other consumer – diversified 193 - - 193 Total redeemable preferred stocks 447 4 - 443 Total fixed maturities 208,833 10,660 4,755 202,928 Equity securities: Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks: Utilities and telecom 1,675 711 - 964 Financial services 5,736 908 - 4,828 Other business – diversified 217 170 - 47 Other consumer – diversified 12,800 7,186 - 5,614 Total equity securities 20,428 8,975 - 11,453 Other invested assets 5,777 - - 5,777 Policy loans 2,179 - - 2,179 Real estate 38 - - 38 Investments in unconsolidated trusts 1,238 - - 1,238 Total investments $ 238,493 $ 19,635 $ 4,755 $ 223,613 December 31, 2015 Carrying Value Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Amortized Cost Fixed maturities: Bonds: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $ 22,234 $ 290 $ 175 $ 22,119 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 25,479 621 552 25,410 Corporate securities: Utilities and telecom 17,589 1,357 692 16,924 Financial services 54,035 1,797 1,351 53,589 Other business – diversified 60,960 729 5,898 66,129 Other consumer – diversified 24,581 136 1,391 25,836 Total corporate securities 157,165 4,019 9,332 162,478 Redeemable preferred stocks: Financial services 253 3 - 250 Other consumer – diversified 193 - - 193 Total redeemable preferred stocks 446 3 - 443 Total fixed maturities 205,324 4,933 10,059 210,450 Equity securities: Common and non-redeemable preferred stocks: Utilities and telecom 1,386 422 - 964 Financial services 5,175 847 - 4,328 Other business – diversified 198 151 - 47 Other consumer – diversified 16,372 10,758 - 5,614 Total equity securities 23,131 12,178 - 10,953 Other invested assets 6,454 - - 6,454 Policy loans 2,200 - - 2,200 Real estate 38 - - 38 Investments in unconsolidated trusts 1,238 - - 1,238 Total investments $ 238,385 $ 17,111 $ 10,059 $ 231,333 Bonds having an amortized cost of $11,151 and $11,259 and included in the tables above were on deposit with insurance regulatory authorities at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, in accordance with statutory requirements. The carrying value and amortized cost of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by contractual maturity were as follows. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Carrying Value Amortized Cost Carrying Value Amortized Cost Due in one year or less $ 2,659 $ 2,648 $ 4,143 $ 4,113 Due after one year through five years 21,768 21,407 20,557 20,591 Due after five years through ten years 108,477 105,847 99,614 103,066 Due after ten years 74,755 72,030 79,882 81,684 Varying maturities 1,174 996 1,128 996 Totals $ 208,833 $ 202,928 $ 205,324 $ 210,450 The following table sets forth the carrying value, amortized cost, and net unrealized gains (losses) of the Company’s investments aggregated by industry as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Carrying Value Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains (Losses) Carrying Value Amortized Cost Unrealized Gains (Losses) U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $ 16,040 $ 15,522 $ 518 $ 22,234 $ 22,119 $ 115 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 18,446 17,264 1,182 25,479 25,410 69 Utilities and telecom 22,202 19,489 2,713 18,975 17,888 1,087 Financial services 62,382 59,402 2,980 59,463 58,167 1,296 Other business – diversified 66,585 66,867 (282 ) 61,158 66,176 (5,018 ) Other consumer – diversified 43,606 35,837 7,769 41,146 31,643 9,503 Other investments 9,232 9,232 - 9,930 9,930 - Investments $ 238,493 $ 223,613 $ 14,880 $ 238,385 $ 231,333 $ 7,052 The following tables present the Company’s unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time the security was in a continuous unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. June 30, 2016 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $ 2,020 $ 1 $ - $ - $ 2,020 $ 1 Corporate securities 14,804 287 32,997 4,467 47,801 4,754 Total temporarily impaired securities $ 16,824 $ 288 $ 32,997 $ 4,467 $ 49,821 $ 4,755 December 31, 2015 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities $ 9,209 $ 120 $ 2,243 $ 55 $ 11,452 $ 175 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 16,079 552 - - 16,079 552 Corporate securities 79,482 4,284 16,131 5,048 95,613 9,332 Total temporarily impaired securities $ 104,770 $ 4,956 $ 18,374 $ 5,103 $ 123,144 $ 10,059 The evaluation for an other than temporary impairment is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to risks and uncertainties in the determination of whether declines in the fair value of investments are other than temporary. Potential risks and uncertainties include, among other things, changes in general economic conditions, an issuer’s financial condition or near term recovery prospects and the effects of changes in interest rates. In evaluating a potential impairment, the Company considers, among other factors, management’s intent and ability to hold the securities until price recovery, the nature of the investment and the expectation of prospects for the issuer and its industry, the status of an issuer’s continued satisfaction of its obligations in accordance with their contractual terms, and management’s expectation as to the issuer’s ability and intent to continue to do so, as well as ratings actions that may affect the issuer’s credit status. As of June 30, 2016, there were thirty-six securities in an unrealized loss position which primarily included certain of the Company’s investments in fixed maturities within the other diversified business, other diversified consumer, utilities and telecom and financial services sectors. Securities in an unrealized loss position reported in the other diversified business sector included gross unrealized losses of $2,313 related to investments in fixed maturities of ten different issuers, all related to the oil and gas industry. The oil and gas investee companies represent a diversified group of businesses which include, among others, refiners, pipeline owners and operators, deep water offshore rig owners and operators, all of which we believe are in continuing stages of rationalizing their current investments, future capital expenditures and assessing capital and liquidity requirements. To our knowledge, the companies are continuing to assess and revise short-term, intermediate and long-term business plans in response to the current trends in oil and gas markets. While these companies have generally experienced credit downgrades or may be currently under credit rating review, the Company believes that many of the downgrades are in response to external market forces and not necessarily specific credit events of any obligor which would currently indicate that an other than temporary impairment need be recorded. All of the investees have continued to make regular interest payments on their debt when and as due and the Company continues to perform in-depth analysis of the financial disclosures of each of the investees on a regular basis. The Company does not currently intend to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position. Based upon the Company’s expected continuation of receipt of contractually required principal and interest payments and its intent and ability to retain the securities until price recovery, as well as the Company’s evaluation of other relevant factors, including those described above, the Company has deemed these securities to be temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2016. The following describes the fair value hierarchy and provides information as to the extent to which the Company uses fair value to measure the value of its financial instruments and information about the inputs used to value those financial instruments. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs in the valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. Level 1 Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 1 criteria include cash equivalents and exchange traded common stocks. Level 2 Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, for an asset or liability or prices for similar assets or liabilities. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 2 criteria include significantly all of its fixed maturities, which consist of U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. Government securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions, and certain corporate fixed maturities, as well as its non-redeemable preferred stocks. In determining fair value measurements using Level 2 criteria, the Company utilizes data from outside sources, including nationally recognized pricing services and broker/dealers, in establishing the fair value of its fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks. Prices for the majority of the Company’s Level 2 fixed maturities and non-redeemable preferred stocks were determined using unadjusted prices received from pricing services that utilize a matrix pricing concept, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities based on various relationships to other benchmark quoted prices. Level 3 Valuations that are derived from techniques in which one or more of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions about risk). Fair value is based on criteria that use assumptions or other data that are not readily observable from objective sources. The Company’s financial instruments valued using Level 3 criteria consist of a limited number of fixed maturities. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the value of the Company’s fixed maturities valued using Level 3 criteria was $2,368 and $2,237, respectively. The use of different criteria or assumptions regarding data may have yielded materially different valuations. As of June 30, 2016, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total Assets: Fixed maturities $ - $ 206,465 $ 2,368 (1) $ 208,833 Equity securities 14,938 5,490 (1) - 20,428 Cash equivalents 12,535 - - 12,535 Total $ 27,473 $ 211,955 $ 2,368 $ 241,796 (1) All underlying securities are financial service industry related. As of December 31, 2015, financial instruments carried at fair value were measured on a recurring basis as summarized below: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Total Assets: Fixed maturities $ - $ 203,087 $ 2,237 (1) $ 205,324 Equity securities 18,245 4,886 (1) - 23,131 Cash equivalents 13,772 - - 13,772 Total $ 32,017 $ 207,973 $ 2,237 $ 242,227 (1) All underlying securities are financial service industry related. The following tables provide a roll-forward of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. Fixed Maturities Balance, December 31, 2015 $ 2,237 Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income 63 Balance, March 31, 2016 2,300 Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income 68 Balance, June 30, 2016 $ 2,368 Fixed Maturities Balance, December 31, 2014 $ 2,214 Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income 50 Balance, March 31, 2015 2,264 Total unrealized losses included in other comprehensive loss (57 ) Balance, June 30, 2015 $ 2,207 The Company’s fixed maturities valued using Level 3 inputs consist solely of issuances of pooled debt obligations of multiple, smaller financial services companies. They are not actively traded and valuation techniques used to measure fair value are based on future estimated cash flows (based on current cash flows) discounted at reasonable estimated rates of interest. There are no assumed prepayments and/or default probability assumptions as a majority of these instruments contain certain U.S. government agency strips to support repayment of the principal. Other qualitative and quantitative information received from the original underwriter of the pooled offerings is also considered, as applicable. The following table is a summary of realized investment gains (losses) for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Gross gains $ 132 $ 4,502 $ 954 $ 5,458 Gross losses - (354 ) (70 ) (359 ) Realized investment gains, net $ 132 $ 4,148 $ 884 $ 5,099 |