Investments | 5. Investments The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in debt and equity securities by category is as follows (in thousands): Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair As of March 31, 2016 Cost Gains Losses Value U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 74,338 $ 231 $ - $ 74,569 Corporate bonds 161,211 956 (1,472) 160,695 Collateralized corporate bank loans 81,062 116 (787) 80,391 Municipal bonds 196,870 2,194 (6,384) 192,680 Mortgage-backed 56,599 387 (563) 56,423 Total debt securities 570,080 3,884 (9,206) 564,758 Total equity securities 27,460 22,998 (1,130) 49,328 Total debt and equity securities $ 597,540 $ 26,882 $ (10,336) $ 614,086 As of December 31, 2015 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 76,323 $ 7 $ (61) $ 76,269 Corporate bonds 122,894 637 (1,822) 121,709 Collateralized corporate bank loans 83,434 44 (1,882) 81,596 Municipal bonds 196,446 1,888 (5,966) 192,368 Mortgage-backed 59,532 155 (304) 59,383 Total debt securities 538,629 2,731 (10,035) 531,325 Total equity securities 24,951 23,391 (838) 47,504 Total debt and equity securities $ 563,580 $ 26,122 $ (10,873) $ 578,829 Major categories of net realized gains (losses) on investments are summarized as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 2015 U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ - $ - Corporate bonds 80 - Collateralized corporate bank loans 18 18 Municipal bonds (24) (26) Mortgage-backed - 187 Equity securities - 682 Gain on investments 74 861 Other-than-temporary impairments (301) (277) Net realized (losses) gains $ (227) $ 584 We realized gross gains on investments of $0.1 million and $0.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We realized gross losses on investments of $23 thousand and $28 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively . We recorded proceeds from the sale of investment securities of $4.8 million and $1.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Realized investment gains and losses are recognized in operations on the specific identification method. The following schedules summarize the gross unrealized losses showing the length of time that investments have been continuously in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands): As of March 31, 2016 12 months or less Longer than 12 months Total Unrealized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Corporate bonds 72,123 (1,472) - - 72,123 (1,472) Collateralized corporate bank loans 45,414 (691) 5,314 (96) 50,728 (787) Municipal bonds 16,565 (279) 20,798 (6,105) 37,363 (6,384) Mortgage-backed 29,780 (561) 44 (2) 29,824 (563) Total debt securities 163,882 (3,003) 26,156 (6,203) 190,038 (9,206) Total equity securities 2,796 (474) 1,689 (656) 4,485 (1,130) Total debt and equity securities $ 166,678 $ (3,477) $ 27,845 $ (6,859) $ 194,523 $ (10,336) As of December 31, 2015 12 months or less Longer than 12 months Total Unrealized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses Fair Value Losses U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government $ 41,428 $ (61) $ - $ - $ 41,428 $ (61) Corporate bonds 96,475 (1,822) - - 96,475 (1,822) Collateralized corporate bank loans 65,868 (1,758) 3,532 (124) 69,400 (1,882) Municipal bonds 44,525 (488) 25,310 (5,478) 69,835 (5,966) Mortgage-backed 36,251 (302) 48 (2) 36,299 (304) Total debt securities 284,547 (4,431) 28,890 (5,604) 313,437 (10,035) Total equity securities 6,584 (838) - - 6,584 (838) Total debt and equity securities $ 291,131 $ (5,269) $ 28,890 $ (5,604) $ 320,021 $ (10,873) At March 31, 2016, the gross unrealized losses more than twelve months old were attributable to 33 debt security positions. At December 31, 2015, the gross unrealized losses more than twelve months old were attributable to 39 debt security positions. We consider these losses as a temporary decline in value as they are predominately on bonds that we do not intend to sell and do not believe we will be required to sell prior to recovery of our amortized cost basis. We see no other indications that the decline in values of these securities is other-than-temporary. We complete a detailed analysis each quarter to assess whether any decline in the fair value of any investment below cost is deemed other-than-temporary. All securities with an unrealized loss are reviewed. We recognize an impairment loss when an investment's value declines below cost, adjusted for accretion, amortization and previous other-than-temporary impairments, and it is determined that the decline is other-than-temporary. Debt Investments : We assess whether we intend to sell, or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell, a fixed maturity investment before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current period credit losses. For fixed maturity investments that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that we do not intend to sell and will not be required to sell, we separate the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between the investment’s fair value and the present value of future expected cash flows is recognized in other comprehensive income. Equity Investments : Some of the factors considered in evaluating whether a decline in fair value for an equity investment is other-than-temporary include: (1) our ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; (2) the recoverability of cost; (3) the length of time and extent to which the fair value has been less than cost; and (4) the financial condition and near-term and long-term prospects for the issuer, including the relevant industry conditions and trends, and implications of rating agency actions and offering prices. When it is determined that an equity investment is other-than-temporarily impaired, the security is written down to fair value, and the amount of the impairment is included in earnings as a realized investment loss. The fair value then becomes the new cost basis of the investment, and any subsequent recoveries in fair value are recognized at disposition. We recognize a realized loss when impairment is deemed to be other-than-temporary even if a decision to sell an equity investment has not been made. When we decide to sell a temporarily impaired available-for-sale equity investment and we do not expect the fair value of the equity investment to fully recover prior to the expected time of sale, the investment is deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired in the period in which the decision to sell is made. The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at March 31, 2016 by contractual maturity are as follows. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Amortized Fair Cost Value (in thousands) Due in one year or less $ 76,399 $ 76,378 Due after one year through five years 275,361 274,245 Due after five years through ten years 100,146 96,120 Due after ten years 61,575 61,592 Mortgage-backed 56,599 56,423 $ 570,080 $ 564,758 |