Fair values of assets and liabilities [Text Block] | Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date; that is, an exit price. The exit price assumes the asset or liability is not exchanged subject to a forced liquidation or distressed sale. Valuation Hierarchy The Company categorizes its fair value measurements according to a three-level hierarchy. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used by the Company’s valuation techniques. A level is assigned to each fair value measurement based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are defined as follows: Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date. Level 2 Prices or valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 3 Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities of Ameriprise Financial measured at fair value on a recurring basis: September 30, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Assets Cash equivalents $ 136 $ 1,882 $ — $ 2,018 Available-for-Sale securities: Corporate debt securities — 14,383 1,267 15,650 Residential mortgage backed securities — 6,625 165 6,790 Commercial mortgage backed securities — 3,887 65 3,952 Asset backed securities — 1,611 35 1,646 State and municipal obligations — 2,455 — 2,455 U.S. government and agencies obligations 6 — — 6 Foreign government bonds and obligations — 308 — 308 Common stocks 4 8 1 13 Common stocks measured at net asset value (“NAV”) 6 (1) Total Available-for-Sale securities 10 29,277 1,533 30,826 Trading securities 131 32 — 163 Separate account assets measured at NAV 85,287 (1) Investments segregated for regulatory purposes 424 — — 424 Other assets: Interest rate derivative contracts 1 1,200 — 1,201 Equity derivative contracts 51 1,891 — 1,942 Credit derivative contracts — 4 — 4 Foreign exchange derivative contracts 1 42 — 43 Total other assets 53 3,137 — 3,190 Total assets at fair value $ 754 $ 34,328 $ 1,533 $ 121,908 Liabilities Policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims: EIA embedded derivatives $ — $ 4 $ — $ 4 IUL embedded derivatives — — 577 577 GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives — — 45 45 (2) Total policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims — 4 622 626 (3) Customer deposits — 9 — 9 Other liabilities: Interest rate derivative contracts — 416 — 416 Equity derivative contracts 5 2,664 — 2,669 Foreign exchange derivative contracts 4 27 — 31 Other 6 6 27 39 Total other liabilities 15 3,113 27 3,155 Total liabilities at fair value $ 15 $ 3,126 $ 649 $ 3,790 December 31, 2016 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Assets Cash equivalents $ 30 $ 1,796 $ — $ 1,826 Available-for-Sale securities: Corporate debt securities — 14,925 1,311 16,236 Residential mortgage backed securities — 6,650 268 6,918 Commercial mortgage backed securities — 3,367 — 3,367 Asset backed securities — 1,481 68 1,549 State and municipal obligations — 2,358 — 2,358 U.S. government and agencies obligations 8 — — 8 Foreign government bonds and obligations — 261 — 261 Common stocks 8 8 1 17 Common stocks at NAV 5 (1) Total Available-for-Sale securities 16 29,050 1,648 30,719 Trading securities 9 16 — 25 Separate account assets at NAV 80,210 (1) Investments segregated for regulatory purposes 425 — — 425 Other assets: Interest rate derivative contracts — 1,778 — 1,778 Equity derivative contracts 43 1,531 — 1,574 Credit derivative contracts — 1 — 1 Foreign exchange derivative contracts 13 80 — 93 Total other assets 56 3,390 — 3,446 Total assets at fair value $ 536 $ 34,252 $ 1,648 $ 116,651 Liabilities Policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims: EIA embedded derivatives $ — $ 5 $ — $ 5 IUL embedded derivatives — — 464 464 GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives — — 614 614 (4) Total policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims — 5 1,078 1,083 (5) Customer deposits — 8 — 8 Other liabilities: Interest rate derivative contracts 2 987 — 989 Equity derivative contracts 3 2,132 — 2,135 Foreign exchange derivative contracts 2 45 — 47 Other 3 8 13 24 Total other liabilities 10 3,172 13 3,195 Total liabilities at fair value $ 10 $ 3,185 $ 1,091 $ 4,286 (1) Amounts are comprised of certain investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (2) The fair value of the GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives included $494 million of individual contracts in a liability position and $449 million of individual contracts in an asset position as of September 30, 2017 . (3) The Company’s adjustment for nonperformance risk resulted in a $(376) million cumulative increase (decrease) to the embedded derivatives as of September 30, 2017 . (4) The fair value of the GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives included $880 million of individual contracts in a liability position and $266 million of individual contracts in an asset position as of December 31, 2016 . (5) The Company’s adjustment for nonperformance risk resulted in a $(498) million cumulative increase (decrease) to the embedded derivatives as of December 31, 2016 . The following tables provide a summary of changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities of Ameriprise Financial measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Available-for-Sale Securities Corporate Debt Securities Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities Asset Backed Securities Common Stocks Total (in millions) Balance, July 1, 2017 $ 1,333 $ 172 $ — $ 33 $ — $ 1,538 Total gains (losses) included in: Other comprehensive income (1 ) 1 — (2 ) 1 (1 ) Purchases 39 — 65 10 — 114 Settlements (104 ) (9 ) — — — (113 ) Transfers into Level 3 — 20 — 13 — 33 Transfers out of Level 3 — (19 ) — (19 ) — (38 ) Balance, September 30, 2017 $ 1,267 $ 165 $ 65 $ 35 $ 1 $ 1,533 Changes in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets held at September 30, 2017 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Policyholder Account Balances, Future Policy Benefits and Claims Other Liabilities IUL Embedded Derivatives GMWB and GMAB Embedded Derivatives Total (in millions) Balance, July 1, 2017 $ 527 $ 272 $ 799 $ 14 Total (gains) losses included in: Net income 35 (1) (309 ) (2) (274 ) — Issues 26 84 110 13 Settlements (11 ) (2 ) (13 ) — Balance, September 30, 2017 $ 577 $ 45 $ 622 $ 27 Changes in unrealized (gains) losses relating to liabilities held at September 30, 2017 $ 35 (1) $ (307 ) (2) $ (272 ) $ — Available-for-Sale Securities Other Derivative Contracts Corporate Debt Securities Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities Asset Backed Securities Total (in millions) Balance, July 1, 2016 $ 1,350 $ 153 $ — $ 178 $ 1,681 $ 2 Total gains (losses) included in: Net income — — — 1 1 (3) (2 ) (2) Other comprehensive income (2 ) 1 — 1 — — Purchases 20 144 33 12 209 — Settlements (26 ) (14 ) — — (40 ) — Transfers out of Level 3 — 1 — (27 ) (26 ) — Balance, September 30, 2016 $ 1,342 $ 285 $ 33 $ 165 $ 1,825 $ — Changes in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets held at September 30, 2016 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ (2 ) (2) Policyholder Account Balances, Future Policy Benefits and Claims IUL Embedded Derivatives GMWB and GMAB Embedded Derivatives Total Other Liabilities (in millions) Balance, July 1, 2016 $ 408 $ 1,965 $ 2,373 $ — Total (gains) losses included in: Net income 12 (1) (280 ) (2) (268 ) — Issues 25 77 102 13 Settlements (7 ) (6 ) (13 ) — Balance, September 30, 2016 $ 438 $ 1,756 $ 2,194 $ 13 Changes in unrealized (gains) losses relating to liabilities held at September 30, 2016 $ 12 (1) $ (267 ) (2) $ (255 ) $ — Available-for-Sale Securities Corporate Debt Securities Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities Asset Backed Securities Common Stocks Total (in millions) Balance, January 1, 2017 $ 1,311 $ 268 $ — $ 68 $ 1 $ 1,648 Total gains (losses) included in: Other comprehensive income 1 2 — — 1 4 Purchases 109 132 65 64 — 370 Settlements (154 ) (34 ) — (15 ) — (203 ) Transfers into Level 3 — 20 — 27 8 55 Transfers out of Level 3 — (223 ) — (109 ) (9 ) (341 ) Balance, September 30, 2017 $ 1,267 $ 165 $ 65 $ 35 $ 1 $ 1,533 Changes in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets held at September 30, 2017 $ — $ — $ — $ (1 ) $ — $ (1 ) (3) Policyholder Account Balances, Future Policy Benefits and Claims Other Liabilities IUL Embedded Derivatives GMWB and GMAB Embedded Derivatives Total (in millions) Balance, January 1, 2017 $ 464 $ 614 $ 1,078 $ 13 Total (gains) losses included in: Net income 75 (1) (798 ) (2) (723 ) 1 (4) Issues 70 238 308 13 Settlements (32 ) (9 ) (41 ) — Balance, September 30, 2017 $ 577 $ 45 $ 622 $ 27 Changes in unrealized (gains) losses relating to liabilities held at September 30, 2017 $ 75 (1) $ (771 ) (2) $ (696 ) $ — Available-for-Sale Securities Other Derivative Contracts Corporate Debt Securities Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities Asset Backed Securities Total (in millions) Balance, January 1, 2016 $ 1,425 $ 218 $ 3 $ 162 $ 1,808 $ — Cumulative effect of change in accounting policies — — — 21 21 — Total gains (losses) included in: Net income (2 ) — — — (2 ) (3) (2 ) (2) Other comprehensive income 29 — — (5 ) 24 — Purchases 34 144 42 28 248 2 Settlements (144 ) (53 ) (3 ) (1 ) (201 ) — Transfers into Level 3 — — — 12 12 — Transfers out of Level 3 — (24 ) (9 ) (52 ) (85 ) — Balance, September 30, 2016 $ 1,342 $ 285 $ 33 $ 165 $ 1,825 $ — Changes in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets held at September 30, 2016 $ (1 ) $ — $ — $ — $ (1 ) (3) $ (2 ) (2) Policyholder Account Balances, Future Policy Benefits and Claims Other Liabilities IUL Embedded Derivatives GMWB and GMAB Embedded Derivatives Total (in millions) Balance, January 1, 2016 $ 364 $ 851 $ 1,215 $ — Total (gains) losses included in: Net income 8 (1) 708 (2) 716 — Issues 86 215 301 13 Settlements (20 ) (18 ) (38 ) — Balance, September 30, 2016 $ 438 $ 1,756 $ 2,194 $ 13 Changes in unrealized (gains) losses relating to liabilities held at September 30, 2016 $ 8 (1) $ 830 (2) $ 838 $ — (1) Included in interest credited to fixed accounts in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. (2) Included in benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. (3) Included in net investment income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. (4) Included in general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The increase (decrease) to pretax income of the Company’s adjustment for nonperformance risk on the fair value of its embedded derivatives was $(37) million and $8 million , net of DAC, DSIC, unearned revenue amortization and the reinsurance accrual, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. The increase (decrease) to pretax income of the Company’s adjustment for nonperformance risk on the fair value of its embedded derivatives was $(91) million and $295 million , net of DAC, DSIC, unearned revenue amortization and the reinsurance accrual, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Securities transferred from Level 3 primarily represent securities with fair values that are now obtained from a third-party pricing service with observable inputs. Securities transferred to Level 3 represent securities with fair values that are now based on a single non-binding broker quote. The Company recognizes transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the beginning of the quarter in which each transfer occurred. For assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting periods that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. The following tables provide a summary of the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements developed by the Company or reasonably available to the Company of Level 3 assets and liabilities: September 30, 2017 Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Range Weighted Average (in millions) Corporate debt securities (private placements) $ 1,266 Discounted cash flow Yield/spread to U.S. Treasuries 0.8 % – 2.3% 1.1 % Asset backed securities $ 11 Discounted cash flow Annual short-term default rate 3.8% Annual long-term default rate 2.5% – 3.0% 2.6 % Discount rate 11.0% Constant prepayment rate 5.0 % – 10.0% 9.9 % Loss recovery 36.4 % – 63.6% 63.1 % IUL embedded derivatives $ 577 Discounted cash flow Nonperformance risk (1) 67 bps GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives $ 45 Discounted cash flow Utilization of guaranteed withdrawals (2) 0.0 % – 42.0% Surrender rate 0.1 % – 74.7% Market volatility (3) 4.3 % – 15.9% Nonperformance risk (1) 67 bps Contingent consideration liabilities $ 27 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 9.0% December 31, 2016 Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Input Range Weighted Average (in millions) Corporate debt securities (private placements) $ 1,308 Discounted cash flow Yield/spread to U.S. Treasuries 0.9 % – 2.5% 1.3 % Asset backed securities $ 14 Discounted cash flow Annual short-term default rate 4.8% Annual long-term default rate 2.5% Discount rate 13.5% Constant prepayment rate 5.0 % – 10.0% 9.9 % Loss recovery 36.4 % – 63.6% 62.8 % IUL embedded derivatives $ 464 Discounted cash flow Nonperformance risk (1) 82 bps GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives $ 614 Discounted cash flow Utilization of guaranteed withdrawals (2) 0.0 % – 75.6% Surrender rate 0.1 % – 66.4% Market volatility (3) 5.3 % – 21.2% Nonperformance risk (1) 82 bps Contingent consideration liabilities $ 13 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 9.0% (1) The nonperformance risk is the spread added to the observable interest rates used in the valuation of the embedded derivatives. (2) The utilization of guaranteed withdrawals represents the percentage of contractholders that will begin withdrawing in any given year. (3) Market volatility is implied volatility of fund of funds and managed volatility funds. Level 3 measurements not included in the table above are obtained from non-binding broker quotes where unobservable inputs utilized in the fair value calculation are not reasonably available to the Company. Sensitivity of Fair Value Measurements to Changes in Unobservable Inputs Significant increases (decreases) in the yield/spread to U.S. Treasuries used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 corporate debt securities in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in the annual default rate and discount rate used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 asset backed securities in isolation, generally, would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement and a significant increase (decrease) in loss recovery in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. A significant increase (decrease) in the constant prepayment rate in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in nonperformance risk used in the fair value measurement of the IUL embedded derivatives in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in utilization and volatility used in the fair value measurement of the GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) liability value. Significant increases (decreases) in nonperformance risk and surrender rate used in the fair value measurement of the GMWB and GMAB embedded derivatives in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) liability value. Utilization of guaranteed withdrawals and surrender rates vary with the type of rider, the duration of the policy, the age of the contractholder, the distribution channel and whether the value of the guaranteed benefit exceeds the contract accumulation value. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount rate used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration liability in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. Determination of Fair Value The Company uses valuation techniques consistent with the market and income approaches to measure the fair value of its assets and liabilities. The Company’s market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The Company’s income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future projected cash flows to a single discounted present value amount. When applying either approach, the Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. The following is a description of the valuation techniques used to measure fair value and the general classification of these instruments pursuant to the fair value hierarchy. Assets Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents include highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less. Actively traded money market funds are measured at their NAV and classified as Level 1. The Company’s remaining cash equivalents are classified as Level 2 and measured at amortized cost, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short time between the purchase of the instrument and its expected realization. Investments (Available-for-Sale Securities and Trading Securities) When available, the fair value of securities is based on quoted prices in active markets. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are obtained from third party pricing services, non-binding broker quotes, or other model-based valuation techniques. Level 1 securities primarily include U.S. Treasuries. Level 2 securities primarily include corporate bonds, residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities, asset backed securities, state and municipal obligations and U.S. agency and foreign government securities. The fair value of these Level 2 securities is based on a market approach with prices obtained from third party pricing services. Observable inputs used to value these securities can include, but are not limited to, reported trades, benchmark yields, issuer spreads and non-binding broker quotes. Level 3 securities primarily include certain corporate bonds, non-agency residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities and asset backed securities. The fair value of corporate bonds, non-agency residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities and certain asset backed securities classified as Level 3 is typically based on a single non-binding broker quote. The underlying inputs used for some of the non-binding broker quotes are not readily available to the Company. The Company’s privately placed corporate bonds are typically based on a single non-binding broker quote. The fair value of certain asset backed securities is determined using a discounted cash flow model. Inputs used to determine the expected cash flows include assumptions about discount rates and default, prepayment and recovery rates of the underlying assets. Given the significance of the unobservable inputs to this fair value measurement, the fair value of the investment in certain asset backed securities is classified as Level 3. In addition to the general pricing controls, the Company reviews the broker prices to ensure that the broker quotes are reasonable and, when available, compares prices of privately issued securities to public issues from the same issuer to ensure that the implicit illiquidity premium applied to the privately placed investment is reasonable considering investment characteristics, maturity, and average life of the investment. In consideration of the above, management is responsible for the fair values recorded on the financial statements. Prices received from third party pricing services are subjected to exception reporting that identifies investments with significant daily price movements as well as no movements. The Company reviews the exception reporting and resolves the exceptions through reaffirmation of the price or recording an appropriate fair value estimate. The Company also performs subsequent transaction testing. The Company performs annual due diligence of third party pricing services. The Company’s due diligence procedures include assessing the vendor’s valuation qualifications, control environment, analysis of asset-class specific valuation methodologies, and understanding of sources of market observable assumptions and unobservable assumptions, if any, employed in the valuation methodology. The Company also considers the results of its exception reporting controls and any resulting price challenges that arise. Separate Account Assets The fair value of assets held by separate accounts is determined by the NAV of the funds in which those separate accounts are invested. The NAV is used as a practical expedient for fair value and represents the exit price for the separate account. Separate account assets are excluded from classification in the fair value hierarchy. Investments Segregated for Regulatory Purposes Investments segregated for regulatory purposes includes U.S. Treasuries that are classified as Level 1. Other Assets Derivatives that are measured using quoted prices in active markets, such as foreign currency forwards, or derivatives that are exchange-traded are classified as Level 1 measurements. The variation margin on futures contracts is also classified as Level 1. The fair value of derivatives that are traded in less active over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets is generally measured using pricing models with market observable inputs such as interest rates and equity index levels. These measurements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy and include swaps and the majority of options. The counterparties’ nonperformance risk associated with uncollateralized derivative assets was immaterial as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . See Note 11 and Note 12 for further information on the credit risk of derivative instruments and related collateral. Liabilities Policyholder Account Balances, Future Policy Benefits and Claims The Company values the embedded derivatives attributable to the provisions of certain variable annuity riders using internal valuation models. These models calculate fair value by discounting expected cash flows from benefits plus margins for profit, risk and expenses less embedded derivative fees. The projected cash flows used by these models include observable capital market assumptions and incorporate significant unobservable inputs related to contractholder behavior assumptions, implied volatility, and margins for risk, profit and expenses that the Company believes an exit market participant would expect. The fair value also reflects a current estimate of the Company’s nonperformance risk specific to these embedded derivatives. Given the significant unobservable inputs to this valuation, these measurements are classified as Level 3. The embedded derivatives attributable to these provisions are recorded in policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims. The Company uses various Black-Scholes calculations to determine the fair value of the embedded derivatives associated with the provisions of its EIA and IUL products. Significant inputs to the EIA calculation include observable interest rates, volatilities and equity index levels and, therefore, are classified as Level 2. The fair value of the IUL embedded derivatives includes significant observable interest rates, volatilities and equity index levels and the significant unobservable estimate of the Company’s nonperformance risk. Given the significance of the nonperformance risk assumption to the fair value, the IUL embedded derivatives are classified as Level 3. The embedded derivatives attributable to these provisions are recorded in policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims. The Company’s Corporate Actuarial Department calculates the fair value of the embedded derivatives on a monthly basis. During this process, control checks are performed to validate the completeness of the data. Actuarial management approves various components of the valuation along with the final results. The change in the fair value of the embedded derivatives is reviewed monthly with senior management. The Level 3 inputs into the valuation are consistent with the pricing assumptions and updated as experience develops. Significant unobservable inputs that reflect policyholder behavior are reviewed quarterly along with other valuation assumptions. Customer Deposits The Company uses various Black-Scholes calculations to determine the fair value of the embedded derivative liability associated with the provisions of its stock market certificates. The inputs to these calculations are primarily market observable and include interest rates, volatilities and equity index levels. As a result, these measurements are classified as Level 2. Other Liabilities Derivatives that are measured using quoted prices in active markets, such as foreign currency forwards, or derivatives that are exchange-traded, are classified as Level 1 measurements. The variation margin on futures contracts is also classified as Level 1. The fair value of derivatives that are traded in less active OTC markets is generally measured using pricing models with market observable inputs such as interest rates and equity index levels. These measurements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy and include swaps and the majority of options. The Company’s nonperformance risk associated with uncollateralized derivative liabilities was immaterial as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 . See Note 11 and Note 12 for further information on the credit risk of derivative instruments and related collateral. Securities sold but not yet purchased include highly liquid investments which are short-term in nature. Securities sold but not yet purchased are measured using amortized cost, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short time between the purchase of the instrument and its expected realization and are classified as Level 2. Contingent consideration liabilities consist of earn-outs and/or deferred payments related to the Company’s acquisitions . C ontingent consideration liabilities are recorded at fair value using a discounted cash flow model under multiple scenarios and an unobservable input (discount rate). Given the use of a significant unobservable input, the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities is classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Loans held for sale are required to be recorded at the lower of cost or fair value. During the third quarter of 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with an unaffiliated third party to sell $258 million of consumer loans at a $7 million loss. The loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The fair value of the loans, which reflects the selling price negotiated with the third party, was $251 million as of September 30, 2017, and is classified as Level 3 as the valuation includes unobservable inputs. During the reporting periods, there were no other material assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The following tables provide the carrying value and the estimated fair value of financial instruments that are not reported at fair value: September 30, 2017 Carrying Value Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial Assets Mortgage loans, net $ 2,749 $ — $ — $ 2,768 $ 2,768 Policy and certificate loans 841 — 1 797 798 Receivables 1,595 196 942 457 1,595 Restricted and segregated cash 2,707 2,707 — — 2,707 Other investments and assets 511 — 439 71 510 Financial Liabilities Policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims $ 10,415 $ — $ — $ 11,052 $ 11,052 Investment certificate reserves 6,364 — — 6,351 6,351 Brokerage customer deposits 4,065 4,065 — — 4,065 Separate account liabilities measured at NAV 4,989 4,989 (1) Debt and other liabilities 3,395 202 3,197 140 3,539 December 31, 2016 Carrying Value Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total (in millions) Financial Assets Mortgage loans, net $ 2,986 $ — $ — $ 2,972 $ 2,972 Policy and certificate loans 831 — 1 807 808 Receivables (2) 1,396 127 870 403 1,400 Restricted and segregated cash 2,905 2,905 — — 2,905 Other investments and assets 508 — 449 61 510 Financial Liabilities Policyholder account balances, future policy benefits and claims $ 10,906 $ — $ — $ 11,417 $ 11,417 Investment certificate reserves 5,927 — — 5,914 5,914 Brokerage customer deposits 4,112 4,112 — — 4,112 Separate account liabilities measured at NAV 4,253 4,253 (1) Debt and other liabilities 3,371 146 3,176 169 3,491 (1) Amounts are comprised of certain investments that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (2) In the third quarter of 2017, the Company corrected the classification of the fair value of advisor loans, net from Level 2 to Level 3 as the valuation includes a significant unobservable input. The fair value levels at December 31, 2016 have been revised to reflect this change. The fair value of advisor loans, net was $400 million at December 31, 2016. Mortgage Loans, Net The fair value of commercial mortgage loans, except those with significant credit deterioration, is determined by discounting contractual cash flows using discount rates that reflect current pricing for loans with similar remaining maturities, liquidity and characteristics including LTV ratio, occupancy rate, refinance risk, debt service coverage, location, and property condition. For commercial mortgage loans with significant credit deterioration, fair value is determined using the same adjustments as above with an additional adjustment for the Company’s estimate of the amount recoverable on the loan. Given the significant unobservable inputs to the valuation of commercial mortgage loans, these measurements are classified as Level 3. The fair value of consumer loans is determined by discounting estimated cash flows and incorporating adjustments for prepayment, administration expenses, loss severity, liquidity and credit loss estimates, with discount rates based on the Company’s estimate of current market conditions. The fair value of consumer loans is classified as Level 3 as the valuation includes significant unobservable inputs. Policy and Certificate Loans Policy loans represent loans made against the cash surrender value of the underlying life insurance or annuity product. These loans and the related interest are usually realized at death of the policyholder or contractholder or at surrender of the contract and are not transferable without the underlying insurance or annuity contract. The fair value of policy loans is determined by estimating expected cash flows discounted at rates based on the U.S. Treasury curve. Policy loans are classified as Level 3 as the discount rate used may be adjusted for the underlying performance of individual policies. Certificate loans represent loans made against and collateralized by the underlying certificate balance. These loans do not transfer to third parties separate from the underlying certificate. The outstanding balance of these loans is considered a reasonable estimate of fair value and is classified as Level 2. Receivables Brokerage margin loans are measured at outstanding balances, which are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the sufficiency of the collateral and short term nature of these loans. Margin loans that are sufficiently collateralized are classified as Level 2. Margin loans that are not sufficiently collateralized are classified as Level 3. Securities borrowed require the Company to deposit cash or collateral with the lender. As the market value of the securities borrowed is monitored daily, the carrying value is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of securities borrowed is classified as Level 1 as the value of the underlying securities is base |