Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “BPFH”), is a bank holding company (the “Holding Company”) with three reportable segments: Private Banking, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory. |
On May 27, 2011, Boston Private Bank & Trust Company (the “Bank” or “Boston Private Bank”), a trust company chartered by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, merged, as the surviving bank, with Borel Private Bank & Trust Company (“Borel”), First Private Bank & Trust (“FPB”), and Charter Private Bank (“Charter”), all of which were also wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company. In December 2012, the Bank entered into a definitive agreement to sell its three offices in the Pacific Northwest market. The sale was completed in May 2013. |
Boston Private Bank currently operates in three geographic markets: New England, San Francisco Bay, and Southern California. The Bank currently conducts business under the name of Boston Private Bank & Trust Company in all markets. |
The Investment Management segment has two consolidated affiliates, consisting of Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC (“DGHM”) and Anchor Capital Advisors, LLC (“Anchor”) (together, the “Investment Managers”). Effective January 1, 2013, Anchor/Russell Capital Advisors LLC (“Anchor Russell”) merged into Anchor, with Anchor as the surviving entity. Anchor Capital Holdings, LLC, the former holding company of Anchor and Anchor Russell, which was dissolved upon the merger of Anchor and Anchor Russell, has been reinstated but will remain a pass through entity with no operations. It will continue to be disregarded for tax purposes. |
The Wealth Advisory segment has two consolidated affiliates, consisting of KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”) and Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”) (together, the “Wealth Advisors” and, together with the Investment Managers, the “non-banks”). In the second quarter of 2012, the Company sold its affiliate Davidson Trust Company (“DTC”). Accordingly, prior period and current financial information related to DTC is included with discontinued operations. In addition, at December 31, 2010, the Company held an equity interest in Coldstream Holdings, Inc. of approximately 45%, which it sold in January 2011. |
Basis of Presentation |
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation, and the portion of income allocated to owners other than the Company is included in “Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests” in the consolidated statements of operations. Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the consolidated balance sheets reflect the maximum redemption value of agreements with other owners. All accounts related to divested affiliates are included within the results of discontinued operations for all periods presented. |
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S.”) (“GAAP”). Reclassifications of amounts in prior years’ consolidated financial statements are made whenever necessary to conform to the current year’s presentation. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Use of Estimates |
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change, in the near term, relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, evaluation of potential impairment of goodwill and other intangibles, and income tax estimates. |
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk |
Most of the Company’s activities are with clients within the New England, San Francisco Bay, and Southern California regions of the country. The Company does not believe it has any significant concentrations in any one industry, geographic location, or with any one client. Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 4: Investment Securities,” highlights the types of securities in which the Company invests, and Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 5: Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality,” describes the concentration of the Private Banking loan data based on the location of the lender. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Statement of Cash Flows |
For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers cash and due from banks and federal funds sold, all of which have original maturities with 90 days or less, to be cash equivalents. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Cash and Due from Banks |
The Bank is required to maintain average reserve balances in an account with the Federal Reserve based upon a percentage of certain deposits. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the daily amounts required to be held in the aggregate for the Bank were $5.8 million and $36.1 million, respectively. |
Marketable Securities, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Investment Securities |
Investments available for sale are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses credited or charged, net of the estimated tax effect, to accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss). Investments held to maturity are those which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost. |
Premiums and discounts on the investment securities are amortized or accreted into net interest income by the level-yield method. Actual prepayment experience is reviewed periodically and the timing of the accretion and amortization is adjusted accordingly. Gains and losses on the sale of the investments available for sale are recognized at the trade date on a specific identification basis. Dividend and interest income is recognized when earned and is recorded on the accrual basis as adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount. |
The Company conducts a quarterly review and evaluation of its investment securities to determine if the decline in fair value of a security below its amortized cost is deemed to be other-than-temporary. Other-than-temporary impairment losses are recognized on securities when: (i) the holder has an intention to sell the security; (ii) it is more likely than not that the security will be required to be sold prior to recovery; or (iii) the holder does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. Other-than-temporary losses are reflected in earnings as a charge against gain on sale of investments, net, to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses. The amount of the impairment related to other factors is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss). The Company has no intention to sell any securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2013 nor is it more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell such securities prior to the recovery of the unrealized losses. As of December 31, 2013, the Company believes that all impairments of investment securities are temporary in nature. No other-than-temporary impairment losses were recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011. |
Finance, Loan and Lease Receivables, Held-for-sale, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Loans Held for Sale |
Loans originated and held for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. Fair value is based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices. Unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income. Loans transferred to the held for sale category from the loan portfolio are transferred at the lower of cost or fair value, usually as determined at the individual loan level. If fair value is less than cost, then a charge for the difference will be made to the allowance for loan losses. Gains or losses on the sale of loans are recognized at the time of sale on a specific identification basis. Certain large groups of loans sold as a group, such as the Pacific Northwest market loans at December 31, 2012, are transferred at the lower of cost or fair value as determined based on the group of loans transferred. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis when earned. |
Finance, Loans and Leases Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Loans |
Loans are carried at the principal amount outstanding, net of deferred loan origination fees and costs, or for purchased loans, net of premium or discount, charge-offs, and interest payments applied to principal on nonaccrual loans. Loan origination fees, net of related direct incremental loan origination costs and premium or discount on purchased loans, are deferred and recognized into income over the contractual lives of the related loans as an adjustment to the loan yield, using the level-yield method. If a loan is paid off prior to maturity, the unamortized portion of net fees/cost is recognized into interest income. If a loan is sold, the unamortized portion of net fees/cost is recognized at the time of sale as a component of the gain or loss on sale of loans. |
When the Company analyzes its loan portfolio to determine the adequacy of its allowance for loan losses, it categorizes the loans by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable based on the similarities in risk characteristics for the loans. The Company has determined that its portfolio segments and classes of financing receivables are one and the same. The level at which the Company develops and documents its allowance for loan loss methodology is consistent with the grouping of financing receivables based upon initial measurement attributes, risk characteristics, and the Company’s method for monitoring and assessing credit risks. These portfolio segments and classes of financing receivables are: |
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• | Commercial and industrial |
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• | Commercial real estate |
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• | Construction and land |
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• | Residential mortgage |
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• | Home equity |
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• | Consumer and other |
The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All portfolio segments are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. |
The Bank’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectability of principal or interest is in doubt. When management determines that it is probable that the Bank will not collect all principal and interest on a loan in accordance with the original loan terms, the loan is designated as impaired. Impaired loans are usually commercial loans, which include construction and land loans, for which it is probable that the Company will not collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, and all loans restructured in a troubled debt restructuring. Accrual of interest income is discontinued and all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income when a loan is initially classified as nonaccrual. Generally, interest received on nonaccrual loans is applied against principal or, on a limited basis, reported as interest income on a cash basis, when according to management’s judgment, the collectability of principal is reasonably assured. The Bank’s general policy for returning a loan to accrual status requires the loan to be brought current, for the client to show a history of making timely payments (generally six consecutive months), and when the financial position of the borrower and other relevant factors indicate there is no longer doubt as to the collectability of the loan. |
The Bank’s loan commitments are generally short-term in nature with terms that are primarily variable. Given the limited interest rate exposure posed by the commitments, the Bank estimates the fair value of these commitments to be immaterial. |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Valuation, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Credit Quality Indicators |
The Bank uses a risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio. Loan classifications are assessments made by the Bank of the status of the loans based on the facts and circumstances known to the Bank, including management’s judgment, at the time of assessment. Some or all of these classifications may change in the future if there are unexpected changes in the financial condition of the borrower, including but not limited to, changes resulting from continuing deterioration in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Bank operates adversely affecting, among other things, real estate values. Such conditions, as well as other factors which adversely affect borrowers’ ability to service or repay loans, typically result in changes in loan default and charge-off rates, and increased provisions for loan losses, which would adversely affect the Company’s financial performance and financial condition. These circumstances are not entirely foreseeable and, as a result, it may not be possible to accurately reflect them in the Company’s analysis of credit risk. |
A summary of the rating system used by the Bank follows: |
Pass - All loans graded as pass are considered acceptable credit quality by the Bank and are grouped for purposes of calculating the allowance for loan losses. Only commercial loans, including commercial real estate, commercial and industrial loans, and construction and land loans are given a numerical grade. For residential, home equity and consumer loans, the Bank classifies loans as pass unless there is known information such as delinquency or client requests for modifications which, due to financial difficulty, would then generally result in a risk rating such as special mention or more severe depending on the factors. |
Special Mention - Loans rated in this category are defined as having potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit or the Bank’s credit position. These loans are currently protected but have the potential to deteriorate to a substandard rating. For commercial loans, the borrower’s financial performance may be inconsistent or below forecast, creating the possibility of liquidity problems and shrinking debt service coverage. In loans having this rating, the primary source of repayment is still good, but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support. Collectability of the loan is not yet in jeopardy. In particular, loans in this category are considered more variable than other categories, since they will typically migrate through categories more quickly. |
Substandard - Loans rated in this category are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. A substandard credit has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans may be either still accruing or nonaccruing depending upon the severity of the risk and other factors such as the value of the collateral, if any, and past due status. |
Doubtful - Loans rated in this category indicate that collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, is highly questionable and improbable. Loans in this category are usually on nonaccrual and classified as impaired. |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Troubled Debt Restructuring Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Restructured Loans |
When the Bank, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to a troubled borrower that it would not otherwise consider, the loan is classified as a restructured loan pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 470, Debt. The concession either stems from an agreement between the creditor and the Bank or is imposed by law or a court. The concessions may include: |
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• | Deferral of principal and/or interest payments |
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• | Lower interest rate as compared to a new loan with comparable risk and terms |
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• | Extension of the maturity date |
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• | Reduction in the principal balance owed |
All loans whose terms have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring, including commercial, residential, and consumer, are evaluated for impairment under ASC 310, Receivables. |
Generally, a nonaccrual loan that is restructured remains on nonaccrual status for a period of at least six months to demonstrate that the borrower can meet the restructured terms. However, performance prior to the restructuring, or significant events that coincide with the restructuring, are considered when assessing whether the borrower can meet the new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual status at the time of the restructuring or after a shorter performance period. If the borrower’s ability to meet the revised payment schedule is uncertain, the loan remains classified as a nonaccrual loan. |
A loan may be removed from a restructured classification after the next fiscal year end, if the restructured terms include a market interest rate and the borrower has demonstrated performance with the restructured terms. |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Allowance for Loan Losses Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses |
The allowance for loan losses (“allowance”) is an estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the consolidated balance sheet dates. Management estimates the level of the allowance based on all relevant information available. Changes to the required level in the allowance result in either a provision for loan loss expense, if an increase is required, or a credit to the provision, if a decrease is required. Loan losses are charged to the allowance when management believes that the collectability of the loan principal is unlikely. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are credited to the allowance when received in cash. |
The Company’s allowance is accounted for in accordance with guidance issued by various regulatory agencies, including: the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (December 2006); Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 102, Selected Loan Loss Methodology and Documentation Issues; ASC 310; and ASC 450, Contingencies. |
The allowance consists of three primary components: general reserves on pass graded loans, allocated reserves on non-impaired special mention and substandard loans, and the allocated reserves on impaired loans. The calculation of the allowance involves a high degree of management judgment and estimates designed to reflect the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio at the measurement date. |
General reserves are calculated for each loan pool consisting of pass graded loans segregated by portfolio segment, by applying estimated net loss percentages based upon the Bank’s actual historical net charge-offs and, adjusted as appropriate, on a consistent manner based upon consideration of qualitative factors to arrive at a total loss factor for each portfolio segment. The rationale for qualitative adjustments is to more accurately reflect the current inherent risk of loss in the respective portfolio segments than would be determined through the sole consideration of the Bank’s actual historical net charge-off rates. The numerical factors assigned to each qualitative factor are based upon observable data, if applicable, as well as management’s analysis and judgment. The qualitative factors considered by the Company include: |
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• | Volume and severity of past due, nonaccrual, and adversely graded loans, |
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• | Volume and terms of loans, |
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• | Concentrations of credit, |
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• | Management’s experience, as well as loan underwriting and loan review policy and procedures, |
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• | Economic and business conditions impacting the Bank’s loan portfolio, as well as consideration of collateral values, and |
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• | External factors, including consideration of loss factor trends, competition, and legal and regulatory requirements. |
The Bank makes an independent determination of the applicable loss rate for these factors based on relevant local market conditions, credit quality, and portfolio mix. Each quarter, management reviews the loss factors to determine if there have been any changes in its loan portfolio, market conditions, or other risk indicators which would result in a change to the current loss factor. |
Allocated reserves on non-impaired special mention and substandard loans reflect management’s assessment of increased risk of losses associated with these types of adversely graded loans. An allocated reserve is assigned to these pools of loans based upon management’s consideration of the credit attributes of individual loans within each pool of loans, including consideration of loan to value ratios, past due status, strength and willingness of the guarantors, and other relevant attributes, as well as the qualitative factors considered for the general reserve as discussed above. These considerations are determined separately for each type of portfolio segment. The allocated reserves are a multiple of the general reserve for each respective portfolio segments, with a greater multiple for loans with increased risk (i.e., special mention loans versus substandard loans). |
A loan (usually a commercial type loan) is considered impaired in accordance with ASC 310 when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Impairment is measured based on the fair value of the loan, expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or as a practical expedient, impairment may be determined based upon the observable market price of the loan, or the fair value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell, if the loan is “collateral dependent.” For collateral dependent loans, appraisals are generally used to determine the fair value. Generally real estate appraisals are updated every 12 to 18 months or sooner, if deemed necessary during periods of declining value, if a loan continues to be impaired. Appraised values are generally discounted for factors such as the Bank’s intention to liquidate the property quickly in a foreclosure sale or the date when the appraisal was performed if the Bank believes that collateral values have declined since the date the appraisal was done. The Bank may use a broker opinion of value in addition to an appraisal to validate the appraised value. In certain instances, the Bank may consider broker opinions of value as well as other qualitative factors while an appraisal is being prepared. |
If the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent, generally the difference between the book balance (client balance less any prior charge-offs or client interest payments applied to principal) and the fair value of the collateral is taken as a partial charge-off through the allowance for loan losses in the current period. If the loan is not determined to be collateral dependent, then a specific allocation to the general reserve is established for the difference between the book balance of the loan and the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Charge-offs for loans not considered to be collateral dependent are made when it is determined a loss has been incurred. Impaired Loans are removed from the general loan pools. There may be instances where the loan is considered impaired although based on the fair value of underlying collateral or the discounted expected future cash flows there is no impairment to be recognized. In addition, all loans which are classified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) are considered impaired. |
In addition to the three primary components of the allowance for loan losses discussed above (general reserve, allocated reserves on non-impaired special mention and substandard loans, and the allocated reserves on impaired loans), the Bank also maintains an insignificant amount of additional allowance for loan losses (the unallocated allowance for loan losses) which primarily relates to a general imprecision assessment of the potential variability of applicable qualitative factors subject to a higher degree of variability. The respective qualitative factors, as discussed above, are considered for each respective portfolio segment. Only the assessment of the potential variability of applicable qualitative factors is included in the unallocated allowance for loan losses. The unallocated allowance for loan losses is not considered significant by the Company. |
While this evaluation process utilizes historical and other objective information, the classification of loans and the establishment of the allowance for loan losses rely to a great extent on the judgment and experience of management. While management evaluates currently available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review a financial institution’s allowance for loan losses as well as loan grades/classifications. Such agencies may require the financial institution to recognize additions to the allowance for loan losses or increases to adversely graded loans based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. |
Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Reserve for Unfunded Loan Commitments |
The Company maintains a reserve for unfunded loan commitments for such items as unused portion of lines of credit and unadvanced construction loans. The reserve is maintained at a level that reflects the risk in these various commitments. Once a loan commitment is funded, the reserve for unfunded loan commitment is reversed and a corresponding allowance for loan loss reserve is established. This unfunded loan commitment reserve is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Net adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are included in other operating expense in the consolidated statements of operations. |
Loans and Leases Receivable, Real Estate Acquired Through Foreclosure, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) |
OREO is comprised of property acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure in partial or total satisfaction of certain loans. Properties are recorded at the lower of the recorded investment in the loan at the time of acquisition or the fair value, as established by a current appraisal, comparable sales, and other estimates of value obtained principally from independent sources, less estimated costs to sell. Any decline in fair value compared to the carrying value of a property at the time of acquisition is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Any subsequent valuation adjustments to reflect declines in current fair value, as well as gains or losses on disposition are reported in gain/(loss) on OREO, net in the consolidated statements of operations. Expenses incurred for holding or maintaining OREO properties such as real estate taxes, utilities, and insurance are charged as incurred to other operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Rental income earned, although generally minimal, is offset against other operating expenses. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Premises and Equipment |
Premises and equipment consists of leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures, equipment, art, buildings, and land. Equipment consists primarily of computer equipment. Premises and equipment are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed primarily by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or the terms of the leases, if shorter, for leasehold improvements. The estimated useful lives for leasehold improvements and buildings are 5-15 years and 40 years, respectively. The estimated useful life for furniture and fixtures is 2-10 years and is 3-5 years for computer equipment. The costs of improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized, while the cost of repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Neither land nor art are depreciated. |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Valuation of Goodwill/Intangible Assets and Analysis for Impairment |
The Company allocates the cost of an acquired entity to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Other intangible assets identified in acquisitions generally consist of advisory contracts, core deposit intangibles, and non-compete agreements. The value attributed to advisory contracts is based on the time period over which they are expected to generate economic benefits. The advisory contracts are generally amortized over 8-15 years depending on the contract. Core deposit intangibles are valued based on the expected longevity of the core deposit accounts and the expected cost savings associated with the use of the existing core deposit base rather than alternative funding sources. The core deposit intangibles are generally amortized, on an accelerated basis, over a period of 10-12 years. The Company currently has no core deposit intangibles. Non-compete agreements are valued based on the expected receipt of future economic benefits protected by clauses in the non-compete agreements that restrict competitive behavior. Non-compete agreements are amortized over the expected life of the agreement, generally seven years. The Company’s non-compete agreements became fully amortized during 2013. |
Other intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. The Company tests other intangible assets with definite lives for impairment by comparing the carrying amount to the sum of the net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its net undiscounted cash flows, then an impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds its fair value, determined based upon the discounted value of the expected cash flows generated by the asset. The intangible impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level, and each affiliate is considered a reporting unit for goodwill and intangible impairment testing purposes, if applicable. Intangible assets with an indefinite useful economic life are not amortized, but are subject to impairment testing at the reporting unit on an annual basis, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts are impaired. |
The excess of the purchase price for acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, defined as the affiliate level, at least annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred. Goodwill is tested for impairment using a two-step process that begins with an estimation of the fair value of a reporting unit. Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment. This judgment includes developing cash flow projections, selecting appropriate discount rates, identifying relevant market comparables, incorporating general economic and market conditions, and selecting an appropriate control premium. The selection and weighting of the various fair value techniques may result in a higher or lower fair value. Judgment is applied in determining the weightings that are most representative of fair value. |
The first step (“Step 1”) of impairment testing requires a comparison of each reporting unit’s fair value to carrying value to identify potential impairment. The reporting units fall under one of the three segments: Private Banking, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory. |
For the Private Banking segment, the Company utilizes a market approach to determine fair value. For the market approach, earnings and market capitalization multiples of comparable public companies are selected and applied to the Private Banking reporting unit’s applicable metrics. |
For the Investment Management and Wealth Advisory segments, the Company utilizes both the income and market approaches to determine fair value. The income approach is primarily based on discounted cash flows derived from assumptions of income statement activity. For the market approach, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) and revenue multiples of comparable companies are selected and applied to the financial services reporting unit’s applicable metrics. |
The aggregate fair values are compared to market capitalization as an assessment of the appropriateness of the fair value measurements. A control premium analysis is performed to determine whether the implied control premium was within range of overall control premiums observed in the market place. |
The second step (“Step 2”) of impairment testing is necessary only if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Step 2 compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill for the reporting unit. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill that is recognized in a business combination. Significant judgment and estimates are involved in estimating the fair value of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. The excess goodwill is recognized as an impairment loss. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Income Tax Estimates |
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). The deferred tax assets and/or liabilities are determined by multiplying the differences between the financial reporting and tax reporting basis for assets and liabilities by the enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such differences are recovered or settled. The effect on deferred taxes for a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances on deferred tax assets are estimated based on our assessment of the realizability of such amounts. Significant management judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes and, in particular, any valuation allowance recorded against our deferred tax assets. |
In accordance with ASC 740, deferred tax assets are to be reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of the tax benefit depends upon the existence of sufficient taxable income within the carry-back and carry-forward periods. |
Management considered the following items in evaluating the need for a valuation allowance: |
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▪ | Cumulative pre-tax income, as adjusted for permanent book-to-tax differences, during the 2011 through 2013 period. |
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▪ | Deferred tax assets are expected to reverse in periods when there will be taxable income. |
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▪ | The Company projects sufficient future taxable income to be generated by operations during the available carryforward period. |
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▪ | Certain tax planning strategies are available, such as reducing investments in tax-exempt securities. |
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▪ | The Company has not had any operating loss or tax credit carryovers expiring unused in recent years. |
The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax asset, excluding the net deferred tax asset on capital losses, will be realized based upon the ability to generate future taxable income, as well as the availability of current and historical taxable income. The net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2013 and 2012 is net of a valuation allowance for capital losses. Capital losses are deductible to the extent of offsetting capital gains and the Company does not anticipate that it will generate capital gains in future periods. Therefore, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance on capital losses in excess of capital gains as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. |
Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
The Company records derivatives on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation. Derivatives used to hedge exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives used to hedge exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. |
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income/ (loss) (a component of shareholders’ equity), net of tax, and subsequently reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings, and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings. The Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transactions. |
For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings together with the changes in the fair value of the related hedged item. Therefore, the net amount, if any, representing hedge ineffectiveness, is reflected in earnings. |
Management and Investment Advisory Fees, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Investment Management, Wealth Advisory, and Private Banking Wealth Management and Trust Fees |
The Company generates fee income from providing wealth management and trust services to its clients at the Bank and from providing investment management and wealth advisory services through the Investment Managers and the Wealth Advisors. Investment management fees are generally based upon the value of assets under management and are billed monthly, quarterly, or annually. Asset-based advisory fees are recognized as services are rendered and are based upon a percentage of the fair value of client assets managed. Certain wealth advisory fees are not asset-based and are negotiated individually with clients. Any fees collected in advance are deferred and recognized as income over the period earned. Performance-based advisory fees are generally assessed as a percentage of the investment performance realized on a client’s account, generally over an annual period, and are not recognized until any contingencies in the contract that could require the performance fee to be reduced have been eliminated. |
Assets under management and advisory (“AUM”) at the Company’s consolidated affiliates totaled $24.3 billion and $20.4 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. These assets are not included in the consolidated financial statements since they are held in a fiduciary or agency capacity and are not assets of the Company. |
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Stock-Based Incentive Plans |
At December 31, 2013, the Company has four stock-based incentive compensation plans. These plans encourage and enable the officers, employees, and non-employee directors of the Company to acquire an interest in the Company. The Company accounts for share-based awards in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. Costs resulting from the issuance of such share-based payment awards are required to be recognized in the financial statements based on the grant date fair value of the award. Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) |
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income/ (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock (such as stock options, among others) were exercised or converted into additional common shares that would then share in the earnings of the entity. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the year, plus an incremental number of common-equivalent shares computed using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares could consist of: stock options, performance-based restricted stock, time-based restricted stock not participating in common stock dividends, warrants or other dilutive securities, and conversion of the convertible trust preferred securities. Additionally, when dilutive, interest expense (net of tax) related to the convertible trust preferred securities is added back to net income attributable to common shareholders. The calculation of diluted EPS excludes the potential dilution of common shares and the inclusion of any related expenses if the effect is antidilutive. |
Unvested time-based restricted stock issued prior to 2013 and Series B Non-Cumulative Perpetual Contingent Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred”), both of which include the right to receive non-forfeitable dividends, are considered to participate with common stock in undistributed earnings for purposes of computing EPS. Companies, such as BPFH, that have such participating securities are required to calculate basic EPS using the two-class method and diluted EPS using the more dilutive amount resulting from the application of either the two-class method or the if-converted method. Calculations of basic and diluted EPS under the two-class method (i) exclude from the numerator any dividends paid or owed on participating securities and any undistributed earnings considered to be attributable to participating securities, and (ii) exclude from the denominator the dilutive impact of the participating securities. Calculations of EPS under the if-converted method (i) include in the numerator any dividends paid or owed on participating securities, and (ii) include the dilutive impact of the participating securities using the treasury stock method. |
The Company repurchased the Series B Preferred on April 24, 2013. The effects of the Series B Preferred for the year ended December 31, 2013 are on a weighted average basis for purposes of calculating EPS. |
In 2013, the Company adjusted its time-based restricted stock grant agreements so that dividends would be accumulated and paid only upon vesting, only as to the amount of shares that vest. As a result of this adjustment, time-based restricted stock granted in or after 2013 no longer contains a right to receive non-forfeitable dividends, and therefore is not considered a participating security for purposes of the EPS calculation. Time-based restricted stock issued prior to 2013 was not modified and is still considered a participating security until it vests or is forfeited or cancelled. |
For the calculation of the Company’s EPS, see Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 16: Earnings Per Share.” |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | ' |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-04, Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructuring by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40) - Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collaterized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure. The amendments to this update are intended to clarify when a creditor should be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan such that the loan should be derecognized and the real estate recognized. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. |
In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-01, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects. The amendments to this update apply to all reporting entities that invest in qualified affordable housing projects through limited liability entities that are flow-through entities for tax purposes that meet the conditions for and that elect to use the proportional amortization method to account for investments in qualified affordable housing projects. The amendments to this update permit reporting entities to make an accounting policy election to account for their investments in qualified affordable housing projects using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. Under the proportional amortization method, an entity amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance in the consolidated statement of operations as a component of income tax expense (benefit) and should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2014 and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has made an accounting policy election to early adopt this ASU effect January 1, 2014. The effect of this adoption will result in $0.7 million of operating expenses for 2013 being reclassified to income tax expense. |
In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The amendments to this update require entities to present information about reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income in a single note or on the face of the financial statements. The new guidance was effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. The Company did not early adopt. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |
In July 2012, the FASB issued updated guidance, ASU 2012-02, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment. The amendments in this update regarding the impairment testing applicable to indefinite-lived intangible assets, is similar to the impairment guidance issued in ASU 2011-08, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment, applicable to goodwill. Under the updated guidance, an entity may assess qualitative factors (such as changes in management, key personnel, strategy, key technology or customers) that may impact the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and lead to the determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the asset is less than its carrying value. If an entity determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the intangible asset is less than its carrying value, an impairment test must be performed. The impairment test requires an entity to calculate the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. If the carrying value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess. The updated guidance is effective for annual and interim indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012 and early adoption is permitted provided the company has not yet performed its 2012 impairment test or issued its financial statements. The Company did not early adopt. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |
In December 2011, the FASB issued new guidance, ASU 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities and in January 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. ASU 2011-11 requires entities to disclose both gross and net information about both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting arrangement. ASU 2013-01 limits the scope of disclosures to derivatives, repurchase agreements and securities lending arrangements. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after January 1, 2013 and requires a retrospective application for all comparative periods which are presented. The adoption of these ASUs did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. While the Company does not have any outstanding master netting agreements in the current or comparative periods presented, if any are entered into in the future this disclosure will be applied. |