Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 1 – Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Unaudited Interim Financial Information Infinity Energy Resources, Inc. (collectively, “we,” “ours,” “us,” “Infinity” or the “Company”) has prepared the accompanying condensed financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial reporting. These financial statements are unaudited and, in our opinion, include all adjustments consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals necessary for a fair presentation of our condensed balance sheets, statements of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for 2019 due to various factors. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC. Nature of Operations Since 2009 we had planned to pursue the exploration of potential oil and gas resources in the United States and in the Perlas and Tyra concession blocks offshore Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea (the “Nicaraguan Concessions” or “Concessions”), which contain a total of approximately 1.4 million acres. We sold our wholly-owned subsidiary Infinity Oil and Gas of Texas, Inc. in 2012 and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Infinity Oil and Gas of Wyoming, Inc., was administratively dissolved in 2009. We also began assessing various opportunities and strategic alternatives involving the acquisition, exploration and development of natural gas and oil properties in the United States, including the possibility of acquiring businesses or assets that provide support services for the production of oil and gas in the United States. As a result, on July 31, 2019 we acquired an option (the “Option”) from Core Energy, LLC, a closely held company (“Core”), to purchase the production and mineral rights/leasehold for oil & gas properties, subject to overriding royalties to third parties, in the Central Kansas Uplift geological formation covering over 11,000 contiguous acres (the “Properties”). We paid a nonrefundable deposit of $50,000 to bind the purchase option, which gives us the right to acquire the Properties for $2.5 million prior to December 31, 2019. The purchase will include the existing production equipment, infrastructure and ownership of 11 square miles of existing 3-D seismic data on the acreage. The Properties include a h orizontal producing well, horizontal saltwater injection well, conventional saltwater disposal well and two conventional vertical producing wells, which currently produce from the Reagan Sand zone with an approximate depth of 3,600 feet. We for a period of nine months following the buy-out find a project of like kind and provide us a first right of refusal to acquire such asset. We must obtain new sources of debt and/or equity capital to fund the substantial needs enumerated above, as well as satisfying our existing debt obligations. We are attempting to obtain extensions of the maturity date for our outstanding debt; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so or what the final terms will be if the lenders agree to such extensions. Further, we can provide no assurance that we will be able to obtain sufficient new debt/equity capital to exercise the Option. Nicaragua We began pursuing an oil and gas exploration opportunity offshore Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea in 1999. Since such time, we built relationships with the Instituto Nicaraguense de Energia (“INE”) and undertook the geological and geophysical research that helped us to become one of only six companies qualified to bid on offshore blocks in the first international bidding round held by INE in January 2003. On March 5, 2009, we signed the contracts granting us the Perlas and Tyra concession blocks offshore Nicaragua (the “Nicaraguan Concessions” or “Concessions”). Since our acquisition of the Nicaraguan Concessions, we have conducted an environmental study and developed geological information from the reprocessing and additional evaluation of existing 2-D seismic data acquired over our Perlas and Tyra concession blocks. In April 2013, the Nicaraguan government formally approved our Environmental Impact Assessment, at which time we commenced significant activity under the initial work plan involving the acquisition of new seismic data on the two Nicaraguan Concessions. We undertook seismic shoots during late 2013 that resulted in the acquisition of new 2-D and 3-D seismic data and have reviewed it to select initial drilling sites for exploratory wells. We relied on raising debt and equity capital to fund our ongoing maintenance/expenditure obligations under the Nicaraguan Concession, our day-to-day operations and corporate overhead because we have generated no operating revenues or cash flows in recent years. The $1.0 million December 2013 Note (See Note 3) matured in April 2016 and is currently in default and three other notes payable with principal balances of $148,625 as of September 30, 2019 are now either due on demand or currently in default. We had been seeking resolutions to these defaults, including extensions of the maturity date for these notes payable; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain such extensions or what the final terms will be if the lenders agree to such extensions. The Company is in default of various provisions of the 30-year Concession for both Perlas and Tyra blocks as of September 30, 2019, including (1) the drilling of at least one exploratory well on the Perlas Block; (2) the shooting of additional seismic on the Tyra Block; (3) the provision of the Ministry of Energy with the required letters of credit in the amounts totaling $1,356,227 for the Perlas block and $278,450 for the Tyra block for exploration requirements on the leases; (4) payment of the 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 area fees required for both the Perlas and Tyra, which total approximately $222,269; and (5) payment of the 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 training fees required for both the Perlas and Tyra totaling approximately $400,000. The Company had been seeking a resolution of these defaults including the ability to extend, renew and/or renegotiate the terms of the Nicaraguan Concessions with the Nicaraguan government to cure the defaults; however, the political climate and domestic issues have caused the Company to halt such efforts at this point pending additional information and evaluation of the situation. If the Company decides to continue its efforts regarding the Concessions, there can be no assurance whether it will be able to extend, renew and/or renegotiate the Nicaraguan Concessions and whether any new terms will be favorable to the Company. In the event of such extension, renewal or renegotiation, it would have to raise substantial amounts of debt and equity capital from other sources in order to fund these requirements. These are substantial operational and financial issues that must be successfully addressed or the Company’s ability to satisfy the conditions necessary to maintain and/or renegotiate its Nicaragua Concessions will be in significant doubt. The Company must raise substantial amounts of debt and equity capital from other sources in the immediate future in order to fund the (i) acquisition of the Properties under the Option; (ii) normal day-to-day operations and corporate overhead; and (iii) outstanding debt and other financial obligations as they become due, as described below. These are substantial operational and financial issues that must be successfully addressed during 2019. The Company is seeking new sources of debt and equity capital to fund the needs enumerated above. The Company is attempting to obtain extensions of the maturity dates for its debt or compromises of the debt. In addition, the Company will seek offers from industry operators and other third parties for interests in the Properties in exchange for cash and a carried interest in exploration and development operations or other joint venture arrangement. The Company has restructured certain obligations that were in default during 2019; however, there can be no assurance that it will be able to obtain such funding, extensions or additional restructurings or on what terms. Going Concern Due to the uncertainties related to the foregoing matters, there exists substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financials are issued. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount and classification of liabilities that might result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. Management Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates with regard to the financial statements include the estimated carrying value of unproved properties, the estimated fair value of derivative liabilities, secured convertible note payable, stock-based awards and overriding royalty interests, and the realization of deferred tax assets. Recently issued accounting pronouncements In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which modifies the accounting for share-based payment awards issued to nonemployees to largely align it with the accounting for share-based payment awards issued to employees. ASU 2018-07 is effective for us for annual periods beginning January 1, 2019. The adoption of the standard had no impact on our financial position or results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases” (“ASC 842”). The guidance requires lessees to recognize almost all leases on their balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Lessor accounting is similar to the current model but updated to align with certain changes to the lessee model and the new revenue recognition standard. Existing sale-leaseback guidance, including guidance for real estate, is replaced with a new model applicable to both lessees and lessors. ASC 842 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The adoption of the standard had no impact on our financial position or results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The Company has evaluated all other recent accounting pronouncements and believes that none of them will have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Concentrations The Company’s business plan had consisted of developing the Nicaraguan Concessions in addition to potential domestic oil and gas projects and it may become active in Nicaragua in the future, given sufficient capital and curing the defaults under the Nicaraguan Concessions and its other financial obligations. The political climate in Nicaragua is unstable and is subject to radical change over a short period of time. Unless there is a significant positive change in political and economic stability in Nicaragua and the Company is able to extend, renegotiate or renew the Nicaraguan Concessions, the Company may not pursue development of the Concessions. In the alternative it had acquired the Option to purchase the Properties. Foreign Currency The United States dollar is the functional currency for the Company’s operations. Although the Company’s acquisition and exploration activities have been conducted in Nicaragua, a significant portion of the payments incurred for exploration activities are denominated in United States dollars. The Company expects that a significant portion of its required and discretionary expenditures in the foreseeable future will also be denominated in United States dollars. Any foreign currency gains and losses are included in the results of operations in the period in which they occur. The Company does not have any cash accounts denominated in foreign currencies. Cash and Cash Equivalents For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash consists of cash on hand and demand deposits with financial institutions. Although the Company had minimal cash as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, its policy is that all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased would be cash equivalents and would be included along with cash as cash and equivalents. Oil and Gas Properties The Company will follow the full cost method of accounting for exploration and development activities. Accordingly, all costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration, and development of properties (including costs of surrendered and abandoned leaseholds, delay lease rentals, dry holes and seismic costs) and the fair value of estimated future costs of site restoration, dismantlement, and abandonment activities will be capitalized. Overhead related to development activities will also be capitalized during the acquisition phase. Depletion of proved oil and gas properties will be computed on the units-of-production method, with oil and gas being converted to a common unit of measure based on relative energy content, whereby capitalized costs, as adjusted for estimated future development costs and estimated asset retirement costs, are amortized over the total estimated proved reserve quantities. Investments in unproved properties, including capitalized interest and internal costs, are not depleted pending determination of the existence of proved reserves. Unproved properties are assessed periodically (at least annually) to ascertain whether impairment has occurred. Unproved properties whose costs are individually significant will be assessed individually by considering the primary lease terms of the properties, the holding period of the properties, geographic and geologic data obtained relating to the properties, and estimated discounted future net cash flows from the properties. Estimated discounted future net cash flows are based on discounted future net revenues associated with probable and possible reserves, risk adjusted as appropriate. Where it is not practicable to assess individually the amount of impairment of properties for which costs are not individually significant, such properties are grouped for purposes of assessing impairment. The amount of impairment assessed is deducted from the costs to be amortized and reported as a period expense when the impairment is recognized. All unproved property costs as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 relate to the Nicaraguan Concessions. In assessing the unproved property costs for impairment, the Company takes into consideration various information including: (i) the terms of the Concessions, (ii) the status of the Company’s compliance with the Nicaraguan Concessions’ requirements, (iii) the ongoing evaluation of the seismic data, (iv) the commodity prices for oil and gas products, (v) the overall environment related to oil and gas exploration and development projects for unproven targets in unproven regions of the world, (vi) the availability of financing for financial and strategic partners, and (vii) other factors that would impact the viability of a significant long-term oil and gas exploration and development project. The current environment for oil and gas development projects, especially discoveries in otherwise undeveloped regions of the world, is very challenging given the depressed commodity prices for oil and gas products and the resulting industry-wide reduction in capital expenditure budgets for exploration and development projects. These are substantial impediments for the Company to obtain adequate financing to fund the exploration and development of its Nicaraguan Concessions. The Company has performed its impairment tests as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and has concluded that a full impairment reserve should be provided on the costs capitalized for the Nicaraguan Concessions oil and gas properties. All costs related to the Nicaraguan Concessions from January 1, 2016 through September 30, 2019 have been charged to operating expenses as incurred. Pursuant to full cost accounting rules, the Company must perform a “ceiling test” each quarter. The ceiling test provides that capitalized costs less related accumulated depletion and deferred income taxes for each cost center may not exceed the sum of (1) the present value of future net revenue from estimated production of proved oil and gas reserves using prices based on the arithmetic mean of the previous 12 months’ first-of month prices and current costs, including the effects of derivative instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, but excluding the future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations that have been accrued on the condensed balance sheet, and a discount factor of 10%; plus (2) the cost of properties not being amortized, if any; plus (3) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, if any; less (4) income tax effects related to differences in the book and tax basis of oil and gas properties. If capitalized costs exceed the ceiling, the excess must be charged to expense and may not be reversed in future periods. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any proved oil and gas properties, and all unproved property costs relate to its Nicaraguan Concessions. Proceeds from the sales of oil and gas properties are accounted for as adjustments to capitalized costs with no gain or loss recognized, unless such adjustments would significantly alter the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves of oil and gas, in which case the gain or loss would be recognized in the determination of the Company’s net earnings/loss. Asset Retirement Obligations The Company records estimated future asset retirement obligations pursuant to the provisions of ASC 410. ASC 410 requires entities to record the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred with a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Subsequent to initial measurement, the asset retirement liability is required to be accreted each period. The Company’s asset retirement obligations consist of costs related to the plugging of wells, the removal of facilities and equipment, and site restoration on oil and gas properties. Capitalized costs are depleted as a component of the full cost pool using the units of production method. Although the Company had divested all of its domestic oil properties that contain operating and abandoned wells as of December 31, 2012, the Company may have obligations related to the divestiture of certain abandoned non-producing domestic leasehold properties should the new owner not perform its obligations to reclaim abandoned wells in a timely manner. Management believes the Company has been relieved from asset retirement obligation related to Infinity-Texas because of the sale of its Texas oil and gas properties in 2011 and its sale of 100% of the stock in Infinity-Texas in 2012. The Company has recognized an additional liability of $734,897 related to its former Texas oil and gas producing properties (included in asset retirement obligations) to recognize the potential personal liability of the Company and its officers for the Infinity-Texas oil and gas properties should the new owner not perform its obligations to reclaim abandoned wells in a timely manner. In addition, management believes the Company has been relieved from asset retirement obligations related to Infinity-Wyoming because of the sale of its Wyoming and Colorado oil and gas properties in 2008; however, the Company has recognized since 2012 an additional liability of $981,106 related to its former Wyoming and Colorado oil and gas producing properties (included in asset retirement obligations) to recognize the potential liability of the Company and its officers should the new owner not perform its obligations to reclaim abandoned wells in a timely manner. Derivative Instruments The Company accounts for derivative instruments or hedging activities under the provisions of ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging The purpose of hedging is to provide a measure of stability to the Company’s cash flows in an environment of volatile oil and gas prices and to manage the exposure to commodity price risk. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and during the periods then ended, the Company had no oil and natural gas derivative arrangements outstanding. As a result of certain terms, conditions and features included in certain common stock purchase warrants issued by the Company (Notes 2, 3, 5 and 6), those warrants are required to be accounted for as derivatives at estimated fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in operations. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The carrying values of the Company’s accounts payable, accrued liabilities and short-term notes represent the estimated fair value due to the short-term nature of the accounts. In accordance with ASC Topic 820 — Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ASC 820 utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: ● Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. ● Level 2 — Other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities). ● Level 3 — Significant unobservable inputs (including the Company’s own assumptions in determining the fair value. The estimated fair value of the Company’s Note and various derivative liabilities, which are related to detachable warrants issued in connection with various notes payable, were estimated using a closed-ended option pricing model utilizing assumptions related to the contractual term of the instruments, estimated volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock, interest rates, the probability of both of the downward adjustment of the exercise price and the upward adjustment to the number of warrants as provided by the warrant agreement terms and non-performance risk factors, among other items. The fair values for the warrant derivatives as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were classified under the fair value hierarchy as Level 3. The following table represents the Company’s hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018: September 30, 2019 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Liabilities: Senior convertible note payable $ — $ — $ — $ — Derivative liabilities — — 209,355 209,355 $ — $ — $ 209,355 $ 209,355 December 31, 2018 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Liabilities: Senior convertible note payable $ — $ — $ 2,197,231 $ 2,197,231 Derivative liabilities — — 65,502 65,502 $ — $ — $ 2,262,733 $ 2,262,733 There were no changes in valuation techniques or reclassifications of fair value measurements between Levels 1, 2 or 3 during the periods ended September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Income Taxes The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between financial accounting bases and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The tax benefits of tax loss carryforwards and other deferred taxes are recorded as an asset to the extent that management assesses the utilization of such assets to be more likely than not. Management routinely assesses the realizability of the Company’s deferred income tax assets, and a valuation allowance is recognized if it is determined that deferred income tax assets may not be fully utilized in future periods. Management considers future taxable earnings in making such assessments. Numerous judgments and assumptions are inherent in the determination of future taxable earnings, including such factors as future operating conditions. When the future utilization of some portion of the deferred tax asset is determined not to be more likely than not, a valuation allowance is provided to reduce the recorded deferred tax asset. When the Company can project that a portion of the deferred tax asset can be realized through application of a portion of tax loss carryforward, the Company will record that utilization as a deferred tax benefit and recognize a deferred tax asset in the same amount. There can be no assurance that facts and circumstances will not materially change and require the Company to adjust its deferred income tax asset valuation allowance in a future period. The Company recognized a deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance, of $-0- at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Company is potentially subject to taxation in many jurisdictions, and the calculation of income tax liabilities (if any) involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex income tax laws and regulations in various taxing jurisdictions. It recognizes certain income tax positions that meet a more-likely-than not recognition threshold. If the Company ultimately determines that the payment of these liabilities will be unnecessary, it will reverse the liability and recognize an income tax benefit. No liability for unrecognized tax benefit was recorded as of September 30, 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 the Company determined that the payment of the certain liabilities related to the alternative minimum tax from prior years will be unnecessary, and therefore it reversed the liability and recognized an income tax benefit as described in the following section. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”),which significantly changes U.S. corporate income tax laws by, among other things, reducing the U.S. corporate income tax rate to 21% starting in 2018. Under the Act, corporations are no longer subject to the AMT, effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. However, where a corporation has an AMT Credit from a prior taxable year, the corporation still carries it forward and may use a portion of it as a refundable credit in any taxable year beginning after 2017 but before 2022. Generally, 50% of the corporation’s AMT Credit carried forward to one of these years will be claimable and refundable for that year. In tax years beginning in 2021, however, the entire remaining carryforward generally will be refundable. The Company has generated an AMT credit carryforward during prior years totaling $150,000 which previously was reported as income taxes payable on the Company’s condensed balance sheet and the corresponding deferred tax asset was fully reserved based on all available evidence, the Company considered it more likely than not that all of the AMT tax credit carryforward would not be realized. Based on the provisions of the new Act, the Company now considers it more likely than not that all the AMT tax credit carryforward will be realized. Accordingly, the Company has recognized an income benefit of $150,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 as it reduced the corresponding income taxes payable to zero as of September 30, 2018. The Company will receive no cash from the elimination of this AMT tax credit carryforward because the Company had not previously paid the AMT tax but rather it recorded the income tax liability on the accompanying condensed balance sheet. Net Income (Loss) per Share Pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share, |