For the three months ended June 30, 2006, general and administrative expenses increased $0.5 million, or 2%, when compared to the prior period, with increases experienced in professional fees ($1.8 million), travel and entertainment costs ($1.1 million), facilities-related costs ($0.6 million) and various smaller increases in other general and administrative expenses ($0.2 million). These increases were partially offset by the one-time benefit associated with the recovery of $2.2 million in administrative expenses related to the settlement of the International Antitrust Litigation to be received by the end of 2006 (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”) and a $1 million decrease in client goodwill gestures and authenticity claims.
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, general and administrative expenses increased $5.4 million, or 9%, to $63.2 million. During this period, the favorable impact of foreign currency translations on general and administrative expenses was approximately $1.4 million. Excluding the favorable impact of foreign currency translations, general and administrative expenses increased $6.8 million, or 12%, to $64.6 million, when compared to the same period in the prior year. This increase is largely attributable to the following factors:
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, the overall increase in general and administrative expenses was partially offset by the one-time benefit associated with the recovery of $2.2 million in administrative expenses related to the settlement of the International Antitrust Litigation (see Notes 1 and 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements” for information related to the original income statement classification of such expenses) and a $0.7 million reduction in insurance costs, reflecting management’s cost reduction efforts and lower overall premiums available in the insurance market.
Due to funding requirements for new client loans, as well as decreased cash balances resulting from funding the Transaction described under “Recapitalization” below, the Company had significantly lower average cash balances and short-term investments and a higher level of average outstanding revolving credit facility borrowings during the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. As a result, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, net interest expense increased $0.9 million, or 14%, and $2.4 million, or 18%, respectively, when compared to the same periods in 2005. (See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below and Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”)
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 was approximately 35%, compared to 33% in the comparable periods of the prior year. The change in the effective tax rate was primarily attributable to permanent disallowances of employee compensation and an increased proportion of the Company’s taxable income generated in the United States, which is a higher tax jurisdiction than some of the international countries or territories where the Company earns income.
For information related to Discontinued Operations, see Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”
FINANCIAL CONDITION AS OF JUNE 30, 2006
This discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (see Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”).
For the six months ended June 30, 2006, total cash and cash equivalents related to the Company’s continuing and discontinued operations decreased $32.2 million primarily due to the factors discussed below.
Net cash used by operations was $42.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and is principally due to the following factors:
| • | A $122.4 million net increase in net amounts owed by clients principally due to the timing and settlement of auction sales conducted in the fourth quarter of 2005 and the first half of 2006. |
| • | The funding of $15 million of the fine payable to the DOJ in February 2006 and the redemption of $2.4 million in vendor’s commission discount certificates (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”). |
| • | A $10.9 million net increase in inventory (excluding inventory acquired in conjunction with the acquisition of Noortman Master Paintings, B.V., as discussed in Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”). |
The impact of these net cash outflows from operations was partially offset by net income of $67.5 million during the period.
Net cash used by investing activities was $8.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and was largely due to the funding of $162.1 million in client loans, and, to a lesser extent, an increase of $8.2 million in restricted cash and capital expenditures of $4.5 million. These investing cash outflows are largely offset by the collection of $165.8 million in client loans.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $17.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and is principally due to $353.8 million in proceeds received from credit facility borrowings, $45.7 million in proceeds received from the exercise of stock options and $8.6 million in excess tax benefits resulting from the stock option exercises. These financing inflows are partially offset by repayments of credit facility borrowings of $380 million and, to a much lesser extent, the $9.5 million repayment of acquiree bank debt (see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”).
RECAPITALIZATION
On September 7, 2005, the Company entered into a Transaction Agreement (the “Agreement”) with various affiliates of A. Alfred Taubman and his family (the “Shareholders”). Prior to completion of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement, the Shareholders were the Company’s largest shareholders, holding in the aggregate 14,034,158 shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock (the “Class B Stock”), which represented approximately 62.4% of the aggregate voting power of the Company’s capital stock. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company in effect exchanged all 14,034,158 shares of Class B Stock owned by the Shareholders for $168,409,896 in cash and 7.1 million shares of the Company’s Class A Stock, (such exchange, the “Transaction”).
Because the outstanding shares of Class B Stock constituted less than fifty percent of the aggregate voting power of the Company’s outstanding common stock following completion of the Transaction, pursuant to the Company’s Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (the “Articles”), following completion of the Transaction each remaining outstanding share of Class B Stock held by a shareholder not a party to the Transaction was automatically converted into one share of Class A Stock without any action on the part of the holder thereof.
As a result of the Transaction, the dual class super-voting share structure that had been in place since the Company’s initial public offering in 1988 was eliminated, allowing for a corporate governance structure that is more consistent with the best practices of public companies. Management believes that the simplified share structure has enhanced share liquidity and increased the Company’s strategic and financing flexibility. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)
REINCORPORATION
On June 30, 2006, Sotheby’s Holdings, Inc., a Michigan corporation (“Sotheby’s Michigan”), completed its reincorporation into the State of Delaware (the “Reincorporation”). The Reincorporation and related proposals were approved by the shareholders of Sotheby’s Michigan at the annual meeting of shareholders held on May 8, 2006. The Reincorporation was completed by means of a merger of Sotheby’s Michigan with and into Sotheby’s Delaware, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Sotheby’s Delaware”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sotheby’s Michigan incorporated for the purpose of effecting the Reincorporation, with Sotheby’s Delaware being the surviving corporation. Sotheby’s Delaware was renamed “Sotheby’s” upon completion of the merger.
In the merger, each outstanding share of Sotheby’s Michigan Class A Limited Voting Common Stock (“Sotheby’s Michigan Stock”) was converted into one share of Common Stock of Sotheby’s Delaware (“Sotheby’s Delaware Stock”). As a result, holders of Sotheby’s Michigan Stock are now holders of Sotheby’s Delaware Stock, and their rights as holders thereof are governed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of Sotheby’s Delaware.
The Reincorporation was accounted for as a reverse merger whereby, for accounting purposes, Sotheby’s Michigan is considered the acquiror and the surviving corporation is treated as the successor to the historical operations of Sotheby’s Michigan. Accordingly, the historical financial statements of Sotheby’s Michigan, which Sotheby’s Michigan previously reported to the SEC on Forms 10-K and 10-Q, among other forms, are treated as the financial statements of the surviving corporation.
The Reincorporation did not result in any change in the business or principal facilities of Sotheby’s Michigan. Upon completion of the merger, the address of Sotheby’s principal executive offices is 1334 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021. Sotheby’s Michigan’s management and board of directors continue as the management and board of directors of Sotheby’s Delaware. Sotheby’s Delaware Stock will continue to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “BID.” Shareholders are not required to exchange their existing stock certificates, which now represent an equivalent number of shares of Sotheby’s Delaware Stock.
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ACQUISITION
On June 7, 2006, the Company and Arcimboldo S.A., a private limited liability company incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg, (“Arcimboldo”) entered into a sale and purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Noortman Master Paintings B.V., a company incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“NMP”), one of the world’s leading art dealers. NMP is based in Maastricht, the Netherlands. Robert C. Noortman is the sole shareholder of Arcimboldo and has guaranteed the obligations of Arcimboldo under the Purchase Agreement. The acquisition of NMP offers the Company growth opportunities by adding a pre-eminent art dealer in an important market. NMP’s results are included in the Company’s Consolidated Income Statements beginning on June 1, 2006 and are not material to the periods covered by this report. Consequently, such results are included in All Other for segment reporting purposes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 (see Note 4). Beginning in the third quarter of 2006, NMP’s results will be reported in a new segment, if material.
Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company paid initial consideration (the “Initial Consideration”) in the form of 1,946,849 shares of Sotheby’s Class A Limited Voting Common Stock (“Sotheby’s Shares”), which had a fair value of approximately $41.4 million. The fair value of the Sotheby’s Shares issued as Initial Consideration is based on the actual number of shares issued using the closing price of Sotheby’s Shares on the New York Stock Exchange of $25.30 per share on June 6, 2006 reduced by $7.9 million to reflect the fair value of certain restrictions on the future transfer of the Sotheby’s Shares issued as Initial Consideration, as discussed in more detail below. The fair value of these restrictions was determined by an independent valuation expert. In addition to the Initial Consideration, the Company acquired NMP subject to approximately $25.6 million of indebtedness, consisting of a $16.1 million long-term non-interest bearing note payable to Arcimboldo over a period of three years and $9.5 million of bank debt that was repaid upon the closing of the transaction, as well as the settlement of a $11.7 million payable to Sotheby's (see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”). The present value of the note payable to Arcimboldo is $14.6 million. The $1.5 million discount on the note payable is being amortized to interest expense over the three-year term. The first payment of $2.6 million under the note payable was made on July 26, 2006.
An additional 486,712 Sotheby’s Shares (the “Additional Consideration”) have been released and placed into escrow if NMP achieves certain targeted performance criteria specified in the Purchase Agreement during the five years following the closing of the transaction and if Mr. Noortman continues to be employed by the Company. Based on the closing price of Sotheby’s Shares on the New York Stock Exchange of $27.63 per share on July 31, 2006 the Additional Consideration has a value of approximately $13.4 million, the Additional Consideration is being held in escrow pursuant to an escrow agreement dated June 7, 2006, among the parties to the Purchase Agreement and LaSalle Bank N.A.
If NMP fails to achieve a minimum level of financial performance during the five years following the closing of the transaction, up to 20% of the Initial Consideration will be transferred back to the Company.
The Purchase Agreement also provides for certain restrictions on the transfer of Sotheby’s Shares received by Arcimboldo, as discussed above. Subject to certain limited exclusions, Arcimboldo may not transfer any of the Sotheby’s Shares that it received as Initial Consideration for a period of two years after the closing, and may not transfer 20% of the Sotheby’s Shares that it received as Initial Consideration for a period of five years after the closing.
The Company, Arcimboldo and Mr. Noortman also made customary warranties and covenants in the Purchase Agreement, including certain post-closing business covenants of the Company and certain non-competition and non-solicitation covenants of Arcimboldo and Mr. Noortman for a period of five years following closing. Mr. Noortman also entered into a seven-year employment agreement with NMP.
(See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements,” for information related to this acquisition.)
SHARES OUTSTANDING
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding for the three and six months ended June 30, 2006 decreased by approximately 2.2 million and 3.7 million shares, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. The impact of the Transaction on diluted shares outstanding was partially offset by the impact of employee stock option exercises subsequent to the first quarter of 2005, which has resulted in the issuance of approximately 3.2 million additional shares of the Company’s Common Stock, as well as the issuance of 1.9 million shares in conjunction with the acquisition of NMP. As a result of these events, management expects weighted average diluted shares outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2006 to be in the range of approximately 62 million. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)
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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
The following table summarizes the Company’s material contractual obligations and commitments as of June 30, 2006:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Payments Due by Period | | | |
| | | Total | | Less Than One Year | | 1 to 3 Years | | 3 to 5 Years | | After 5 Years | |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | (Thousands of dollars) | | | |
| Principal payments on borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Credit facility borrowings (1) | | $ | 10,000 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | $ | 10,000 | | $ | — | |
| Long-term debt (2) | | | 100,000 | | | | — | | | | 100,000 | | | — | | | — | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Sub-total | | | 110,000 | | | | — | | | | 100,000 | | | 10,000 | | | — | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest payments on borrowings: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Long-term debt (2) | | | 20,052 | | | | 6,875 | | | | 13,177 | | | — | | | — | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Sub-total | | | 20,052 | | | | 6,875 | | | | 13,177 | | | — | | | — | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Other commitments: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| York Property capital lease | | | 379,314 | | | | 19,287 | | | | 39,224 | | | 41,274 | | | 279,529 | |
| Operating lease obligations | | | 78,553 | | | | 14,775 | | | | 23,812 | | | 11,620 | | | 28,346 | |
| Discount Certificates (3) | | | 48,316 | | | | 48,316 | | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Note payable to Arcimboldo (4) | | | 16,082 | | | | 5,361 | | | | 10,721 | | | — | | | — | |
| Employment arrangements (5) | | | 11,335 | | | | 2,965 | | | | 4,514 | | | 2,620 | | | 1,236 | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Sub-total | | | 533,600 | | | | 90,704 | | | | 78,271 | | | 55,514 | | | 309,111 | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | $ | 663,652 | | | $ | 97,579 | | | $ | 191,448 | | $ | 65,514 | | $ | 309,111 | |
| | |
|
| | |
|
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | |
| (1) | Represents the outstanding principal related to the Company’s credit facility borrowings. (See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below and Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements,” for information related to the Company’s credit arrangements.) |
| | |
| (2) | Represents the aggregate outstanding principal and semi-annual interest payments due on the Company’s long-term debt. (See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below and Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements,” for information related to the Company’s credit arrangements.) |
| | |
| (3) | Represents the face value of the Discount Certificates that were distributed in conjunction with the settlement of certain civil litigation related to the antitrust investigation by the U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”), which are fully redeemable in connection with any auction that is conducted by the Company or Christie’s International, PLC in the U.S. or in the U.K. The Discount Certificates may be used to satisfy consignment charges involving vendor’s commission, risk of loss and/or catalogue illustration. The Discount Certificates will expire on May 14, 2008 and cannot be redeemed subsequent to that date; however, any unused Discount Certificates may be redeemed for cash at their face value at any time between May 15, 2007 and May 14, 2008. (See Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”) |
| | |
| (4) | See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.” |
| | |
| (5) | Represents the remaining commitment for future salaries as of June 30, 2006 related to employment arrangements with a number of key employees, excluding incentive bonuses. (See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”) |
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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
Auction Guarantees
From time to time in the ordinary course of business, the Company will guarantee to consignors a minimum price in connection with the sale of property at auction. The Company must perform under its auction guarantee in the event the property sells for less than the minimum price, in which event the Company must pay the difference between the sale price at auction and the amount of the auction guarantee. If the property does not sell, the amount of the auction guarantee must be paid, but the Company has the right to recover such amount through future sale of the property. Generally, the Company is entitled to a share of the excess proceeds if the property under the auction guarantee sells above a minimum price. In addition, the Company is obligated under the terms of certain guarantees to advance a portion of the guaranteed amount prior to the auction. In certain situations, the Company reduces its financial exposure under auction guarantees through auction commission sharing arrangements with unaffiliated partners. Partners may also assist the Company in valuing and marketing the property to be sold at auction.
As of June 30, 2006, the Company had outstanding auction guarantees totaling $36.9 million, the property relating to which had a mid-estimate sales price (1) of $49.1 million. Substantially all of the property related to such guarantees is being offered at auctions during the second half of 2006. As of June 30, 2006, December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2005, the carrying amount of the liability related to the Company’s auction guarantees was approximately $0.9 million, $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and was reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities.
As of July 28, 2006, the Company had outstanding auction guarantees totaling $41.6 million, the property relating to which had a mid-estimate sales price (1) of $54.2 million. Substantially all of the property related to such auction guarantees is being offered at auctions during the second half of 2006. As of July 28, 2006, $5 million of the guaranteed amount had been advanced by the Company and will be recorded within Notes Receivable and Consignor Advances.
| | |
| (1) | The mid-estimate sales price is calculated as the average of the low and high pre-sale auction estimates for the property under the auction guarantee. Pre-sale estimates are not always accurate predictions of auction sale results. |
Lending Commitments
In certain situations, the Company’s Finance segment enters into legally binding arrangements to lend, primarily on a collateralized basis and subject to certain limitations and conditions, to potential consignors and other individuals who have collections of fine art or other objects. Unfunded commitments to extend additional credit were $25.6 million at June 30, 2006.
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company utilizes forward exchange contracts to manage exposures related to foreign currency risks, which primarily arise from short-term foreign currency denominated intercompany balances and client transactions. Generally, such intercompany balances are centrally managed by the Company’s global treasury function. The Company’s objective for holding derivative instruments is to minimize foreign currency risks using the most effective methods to eliminate or reduce the impacts of these exposures.
The forward exchange contracts entered into by the Company are used as economic cash flow hedges of the Company’s exposure to short-term foreign currency denominated intercompany balances. Such forward exchange contracts are typically short-term with settlement dates no more than one month from their inception. These contracts are not designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended, and are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, which is based on referenced market rates. Changes in the fair value of the Company’s forward exchange contracts are recognized currently in earnings and are generally offset by the revaluation of the underlying intercompany balances in accordance with SFAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency Translation.”
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At June 30, 2006, the Company had $197.8 million of notional value forward exchange contracts outstanding. Notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of the Company, but are used in the calculation of cash settlements under such contracts. The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the two counterparties to its forward exchange contracts, but the Company does not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations given their high credit ratings. As of June 30, 2006, December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2005, the Consolidated Balance Sheets included assets of $1.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively, recorded within Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets reflecting the fair value of the Company’s outstanding forward exchange contracts on those dates.
CONTINGENCIES
For information related to Contingencies, see Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
On September 7, 2005, in connection with the Transaction discussed in Note 17 below, the Company terminated its previous senior secured credit agreement and entered into a new senior secured credit agreement with an international syndicate of lenders arranged by Banc of America Securities LLC (“BofA”) and LaSalle Bank N.A. (the “BofA Credit Agreement”). The BofA Credit Agreement originally provided for borrowings of up to $250 million through a revolving credit facility. On May 18, 2006, the Company amended the credit agreement to provide for $50 million in additional commitments from its existing lenders, thereby increasing the total borrowing capacity to $300 million. The amendment also permits the amount of available borrowings to be increased by an additional $50 million to $350 million on a one-time basis.
The amount of borrowings available at any time under the BofA Credit Agreement is limited to a borrowing base, which is generally equal to 100% of eligible loans made by the Company in the U.S. and the U.K. (i.e., notes receivable and consignor advances) plus 15% of the Company’s net tangible assets (calculated as total assets less current liabilities, goodwill, unamortized debt discount and eligible loans). As of June 30, 2006, the amount of unused borrowing capacity available under the BofA Credit Agreement was $278.5 million, consisting of a borrowing base of $288.5 million less $10 million in borrowings outstanding on that date. Such outstanding borrowings are classified as long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2006. As of July 24, 2006, there were no outstanding borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement and the amount of unused borrowing capacity available and borrowing base under the BofA Credit Agreement was $210 million.
The BofA Credit Agreement is available through September 7, 2010; provided that in the event that any of the $100 million in long-term debt securities (the “Notes”) issued by the Company in February 1999 (as discussed in more detail below) are still outstanding on July 1, 2008, then either: (a) the Company shall deposit cash in an amount equal to the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Notes on such date into an account in the sole control and dominion of BofA for the benefit of the lenders and the holders of the Notes or (b) the Company shall have otherwise demonstrated its ability to redeem and pay in full the Notes; otherwise, the BofA Credit Agreement shall terminate and all amounts outstanding thereunder shall be due and payable in full on July 1, 2008.
Borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement were used to finance in part the Transaction and related expenses and are also available to provide ongoing working capital and for other general corporate purposes of the Company. The Company’s obligations under the BofA Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the non-real estate assets of the Company, as well as the non-real estate assets of its subsidiaries in the U.S. and the U.K.
The BofA Credit Agreement contains financial covenants requiring the Company not to exceed a maximum level of capital expenditures and dividend payments (as discussed in more detail below) and to have a quarterly interest coverage ratio of not less than 2.0 and a quarterly leverage ratio of not more than: (i) 4.0 for quarters ending September 30, 2005 to September 30, 2006, (ii) 3.5 for quarters ending December 31, 2006 to September 30, 2007 and (iii) 3.0 for quarters ending December 31, 2007 and thereafter. The maximum level of annual capital expenditures permitted under the BofA Credit Agreement is $15 million through 2007 and $20 million thereafter with any unused amounts carried forward to the following year. Dividend payments, if any, must be paid solely out of 40% of the Company’s net income arising after June 30, 2005 and computed on a cumulative basis. The BofA Credit Agreement also has certain non-financial covenants and restrictions. The Company is in compliance with its covenants.
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On August 2, 2006, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend on its common stock of $0.10 per share (approximately $6.4 million), payable on September 15, 2006 to shareholders of record on September 1, 2006. It is the intention of the Company to continue to pay quarterly dividends at this rate (an annual rate of $0.40 per share), subject to Board approval depending on economic, financial, market and other conditions at the time. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)
At the option of the Company, any borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement generally bear interest at a rate equal to: (i) LIBOR plus 1.75%, or (ii) 0.5% plus the higher of the Prime Rate or the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5%. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2006, the weighted average interest rate incurred by the Company on outstanding borrowings under the BofA Credit Agreement was approximately 7.6% and 6.9%, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2005, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the previous GE Capital Credit Agreement.
The Company paid underwriting, structuring and amendment fees of $2.8 million related to the BofA Credit Agreement, which are being amortized on a straight-line basis to Interest Expense over the term of the facility.
The Company generally relies on operating cash flows supplemented by borrowings to meet its liquidity requirements. The Company currently believes that operating cash flows, current cash balances and borrowings available under the BofA Credit Agreement will be adequate to meet its presently contemplated or anticipated short-term and long-term commitments, operating needs and capital requirements through September 7, 2010.
The Company’s short-term operating needs and capital requirements include peak seasonal working capital requirements, other short-term commitments to consignors, the funding of the Finance segment’s client loan portfolio, the funding of capital expenditures and the payment of the quarterly dividend discussed above, as well as the short-term commitments to be funded prior to June 30, 2007 included in the table of contractual obligations above.
The Company’s long-term operating needs and capital requirements include peak seasonal working capital requirements, the funding of the Finance segment’s notes receivable and consignor advances and the funding of capital expenditures, as well as the funding of the Company’s presently anticipated long-term contractual obligations and commitments included in the table of contractual obligations above through September 7, 2010.
FUTURE IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (FIN 48), which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for recording in the financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on the derecognition, classification, accounting in interim periods and disclosure requirements for uncertain tax positions. The provisions of FIN 48 are effective for the Company as of January 1, 2007, with the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. Management is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN 48, if any, on the Company's financial statements.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q contains certain forward looking statements; as such term is defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, relating to future events and the financial performance of the Company. Such statements are only predictions and involve risks and uncertainties, resulting in the possibility that the actual events or performance will differ materially from such predictions. Major factors which the Company believes could cause the actual results to differ materially from the predicted results in the forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, the factors listed below under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” which are not ranked in any particular order.
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ITEM 3: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company continually evaluates its market risk associated with its financial instruments and forward exchange contracts during the course of its business. The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, notes receivable, consignor advances, revolving credit facility borrowings, long-term debt, the note payable to Arcimboldo (see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”) and the settlement liability related to the Discount Certificates issued in connection with certain civil antitrust litigation (see Note 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”).
At June 30, 2006, a hypothetical 10% strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to all other currencies would result in a decrease or increase in cash flow of approximately $18.3 million. Excluding the potential impact of this hypothetical strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar, the market risk of the Company’s financial instruments has not changed significantly as of June 30, 2006 from that set forth in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
At June 30, 2006, the Company had $197.8 million of notional value forward exchange contracts outstanding. Notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of the Company, but are used in the calculation of cash settlements under such contracts. The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by the two counterparties to its forward exchange contracts, but the Company does not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their obligations given their high credit ratings.
ITEM 4: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of June 30, 2006, the Company has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) were effective as of June 30, 2006.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As a result of the Company’s acquisition of NMP in June 2006, (see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements”), we incorporated internal controls over financial reporting to include the consolidation of NMP's balance sheet and income statement, as well as acquisition related accounting and disclosures. There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting made during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Canadian Competition Bureau is continuing to conduct an investigation regarding anti-competitive practices relating to commissions charged by the Company and Christie’s for auction services during the period 1993 to 2000. In the first half of 2006, the Company recorded a $0.7 million accrual related to the settlement of this matter.
The Company also becomes involved, from time to time, in various claims and lawsuits incidental to the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of any of the pending claims or proceedings described above will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or liquidity. (See statement on Forward Looking Statements.)
(See Notes 9 and 11 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements.”)
ITEM 1A: RISK FACTORS
Operating results from the Company’s Auction and Finance segments, as well as the Company’s liquidity, are significantly influenced by a number of risk factors, many of which are not within the Company’s control. These factors, which are not ranked in any particular order, include:
The overall strength of the international economy and financial markets
The art market in which the Company operates is influenced over time by the overall strength of the international economy and financial markets, although this correlation may not be immediately evident in the short-term. The Company’s business can be particularly influenced by the economies of the U.S., the U.K., and the major countries or territories of Continental Europe and Asia (principally China and Japan).
Interest rates
Fluctuations in interest rates influence the Company’s cost of funds for borrowings under its credit facility that may be required to finance working capital needs and, in particular, the Finance segment’s client loan portfolio.
Government laws and regulations
Many of the Company’s activities are subject to laws and regulations that can have an adverse impact on the Company’s business. In particular, export and import laws and cultural patrimony laws could affect the availability of certain kinds of property for sale at the Company’s principal auction locations or could increase the cost of moving property to such locations.
Political conditions
Global political conditions may affect the Company’s business through their effect on the economies of various countries, as well as on the decision of buyers and sellers to purchase and sell art in the wake of economic uncertainty. These conditions may also influence the enactment of legislation that could adversely affect the Company’s business.
Foreign currency exchange rate movements
The Company has operations throughout the world, with approximately 58.6% of its revenues from continuing operations coming from outside of the U.S. for the year ended December 31, 2005. Accordingly, fluctuations in exchange rates can have a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations.
Seasonality of the Company’s auction business
The worldwide art auction market has two principal selling seasons, spring and autumn. Accordingly, the Company’s revenues and operating income may be affected as described under “Seasonality” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
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Competition
Competition in the art market is intense, including competition both with other auctioneers and with art dealers.
The amount and quality of property being consigned to art auction houses
The amount and quality of property being consigned to art auction houses are influenced by a number of factors not within the Company’s control. Many major consignments, and specifically single-owner sale consignments, become available as a result of the death or financial or marital difficulties of the owner, all of which are unpredictable. This, plus the ability of the Company to sell such property, can cause auction and related revenues to be highly variable from period to period.
The demand for fine arts, decorative arts, and collectibles
The demand for fine arts, decorative arts, and collectibles is influenced not only by overall economic conditions, but also by changing trends in the art market as to which kinds of property and the works of which artists are most sought after and by the collecting preferences of individual collectors, all of which can be unpredictable.
Qualified personnel
The Company’s business is largely a service business in which the ability of its employees to develop and maintain relationships with potential sellers and buyers of works of art is essential to the Company’s success. Moreover, the Company’s business is both complicated and unique, making it important to retain key specialists and members of management. Accordingly, the Company’s business is highly dependent upon its success in attracting and retaining qualified personnel.
Demand for art-related financing
The Company’s Finance segment is dependent on the demand for art-related financing, which can be significantly influenced by overall economic conditions and by the often unpredictable financial requirements of owners of major art collections.
Value of artworks
The art market is not a highly liquid trading market, as a result of which the valuation of artworks is inherently subjective and the realizable value of artworks often varies over time. Accordingly, the Company is at risk both as to the value of art held as inventory and as to the value of artworks pledged as collateral for Finance segment loans.
U.K. Pension Plan
Future costs related to the Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plan are heavily influenced by changes in interest rates and investment performance in the debt and equity markets, both of which are unpredictable. (See “Salaries and Related Costs—Employee Benefits” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”)
Income taxes
The Company operates in many tax jurisdictions throughout the world. Variations in taxable income in the various jurisdictions in which the Company does business can have a significant impact on its effective tax rate.
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ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
On May 8, 2006, the Company held its annual meeting of shareholders. The matters on which the shareholders voted were:
| | |
| (i) | The election of nine directors by the holders of the Company’s Class A Common Stock; |
| | |
| (ii) | The ratification of the Company’s reincorporation in the state of Delaware; |
| | |
| (iii) | The ratification of the provision in the surviving corporation’s certificate of incorporation regarding who may call special shareholder meetings; |
| | |
| (iv) | The ratification of the Company’s Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Plan; |
| | |
| (v) | The ratification of the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP as the Company’s independent auditors for the year ending December 31, 2006; |
| | |
| (vi) | The ratification of the provision in the surviving corporation’s certificate of incorporation to provide that shareholder actions may only be taken at a duly called meeting of shareholders. |
The results of the voting are shown below:
| |
(i) | ELECTION OF CLASS A COMMON STOCK DIRECTORS |
| | | | | | | | | | |
NOMINEES | | FOR | | AGAINST | | WITHHELD | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Michael Blakenham | | | 47,692,785 | | | 0 | | | 3,681,468 | |
Steven B. Dodge | | | 49,040,701 | | | 0 | | | 2,333,552 | |
Duke of Devonshire | | | 36,890,794 | | | 0 | | | 14,483,459 | |
Allen Questrom | | | 49,079,025 | | | 0 | | | 2,295,228 | |
William F. Ruprecht | | | 46,399,197 | | | 0 | | | 4,975,056 | |
Michael I. Sovern | | | 49,011,113 | | | 0 | | | 2,363,140 | |
Donald M. Stewart | | | 48,888,892 | | | 0 | | | 2,485,361 | |
Robert S. Taubman | | | 48,136,655 | | | 0 | | | 3,237,598 | |
Robin G. Woodhead | | | 47,519,972 | | | 0 | | | 3,854,281 | |
| |
(ii) | RATIFICATION OF REINCORPORATION IN THE STATE OF DELAWARE |
| | | |
| 43,858,964 | | Votes were cast; |
| 39,531,164 | | Votes were cast for the resolution; |
| 4,286,829 | | Votes were cast against the resolution; and |
| 40,971 | | Votes abstained |
| | | |
(iii) | RATIFICATION OF THE PROVISION IN THE SURVIVING CORPORATION’S CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION REGARDING WHO MAY CALL SPECIAL SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS |
| | | |
| 43,858,965 | | Votes were cast; |
| 32,025,117 | | Votes were cast for the resolution; |
| 11,814,571 | | Votes were cast against the resolution; and |
| 19,277 | | Votes abstained |
| | | |
(iv) | RATIFICATION OF THE AMENDED AND RESTATED RESTRICTED STOCK PLAN |
| | | |
| 43,858,965 | | Votes were cast; |
| 34,275,941 | | Votes were cast for the resolution; |
| 9,559,635 | | Votes were cast against the resolution; and |
| 23,389 | | Votes abstained |
| | | |
(v) | RATIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS |
| | | |
| 51,374,251 | | Votes were cast; |
| 49,195,383 | | Votes were cast for the resolution; |
| 2,164,375 | | Votes were cast against the resolution; and |
| 14,493 | | Votes abstained |
| | | |
(vi) | RATIFICATION OF THE PROVISION IN THE SURVIVING CORPORATION’S CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION TO PROVIDE THAT SHAREHOLDER ACTION MAY ONLY BE TAKEN AT DULY CALLED MEETINGS |
| | | |
| 43,858,964 | | Votes were cast; |
| 29,852,421 | | Votes were cast for the resolution; |
| 13,990,790 | | Votes were cast against the resolution; and |
| 15,753 | | Votes abstained |
ITEM 6: EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
| | |
(a) | Exhibits – |
| | |
| 2.1 | Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of All the Issued and Outstanding Shares in Noortman Master Paintings B.V. |
| | |
| 31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
| 31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
| 32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
| 32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
(b) | Reports on Form 8-K |
| | |
| (i) | On April 6, 2006, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 1.01, “Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.” |
| | |
| (ii) | On April 18, 2006, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 2.03, “Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.” |
| | |
| (iii) | On May 12, 2006, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 1.01, “Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement,” Item 2.02, “Results of Operations and Financial Condition,” Item 5.02, “Departure of Directors or Principal Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Principal Officers,” Item 8.01, “Other Events” and Item 9.01, “Financial Statements and Exhibits.” |
| | |
| (iv) | On May 23, 2006, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 1.01, “Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement,” Item 5.02, “Departure of Directors or Principal Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Principal Officers” and Item 9.01, “Financial Statements and Exhibits.” |
| | |
| (v) | On June 8, 2006, the Company filed a current report on Form 8-K under Item 1.01, “Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement,” Item 2.03, “Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant” and Item 3.02, “Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities.” |
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | |
| SOTHEBY’S |
| |
| By: | /s/ Michael L. Gillis | |
| |
| |
| | Michael L. Gillis |
| | Senior Vice President, |
| | Controller and Chief |
| | Accounting Officer |
| | |
| Date:August 3, 2006 |
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Exhibit Index
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| |
|
| | |
2.1 | | Agreement for the Sale and Purchase of All the Issued and Outstanding Shares in Noortman Master Paintings B.V. |
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
49