United States
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, DC 20549
form 10-K
| S | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year endedSeptember 30, 2011
Or
| £ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from ________ to ________ |
Commission File Number 1-9788
LANDAUER, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 06-1218089 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
2 Science Road, Glenwood, Illinois 60425
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (708) 755-7000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Common Stock with Par Value of $.10 | New York Stock Exchange |
| (Title of each class) | (Name of exchange on which registered) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes £ No S
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes £ No S
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes S No £
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes S No£
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | £ | Accelerated filer | S | |||
| Non-accelerated filer (Do not | £ | Smaller reporting company | £ | |||
| check if a smaller reporting company) | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes £ No S
As of March 31, 2011 the aggregate market value, based upon the closing price on the New York Stock Exchange, of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was approximately $571,000,000. The number of shares of common stock ($0.10 par value) outstanding as of November 28, 2011 was 9,435,001.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement in connection with the February 9, 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(Dollars in thousands)
Landauer, Inc. is a Delaware corporation organized on December 22, 1987. As used herein, the “Company” or “Landauer” refers to Landauer, Inc. and its subsidiaries. The Company’s shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol LDR. As of September 30, 2011, there were 9,462,807 shares outstanding.
Landauer is a leading global provider of technical and analytical services to determine occupational and environmental radiation exposure and is the leading domestic provider of outsourced medical physics services. Since November 2009, the Company has operated in two primary business segments, Radiation Monitoring and Medical Physics. Radiation Monitoring has been the core business for over 50 years. The Company has provided complete radiation dosimetry services to hospitals, medical and dental offices, universities, national laboratories, nuclear facilities and other industries in which radiation poses a potential threat to employees. Landauer’s services include the manufacture of various types of radiation detection monitors, the distribution and collection of the monitors to and from customers, and the analysis and reporting of exposure findings. These services are provided to approximately 1.7 million individuals globally. In addition to providing analytical services, the Company may lease or sell dosimetry detectors and reading equipment to large customers that want to manage their own dosimetry programs, or into smaller international markets in which it is not economical to establish a direct service. Medical physics services are provided through the Company’s Global Physics Solutions, Inc. (“GPS”) subsidiary. Through its IZI Medical Products, LLC (“IZI”) subsidiary, which was acquired in November 2011, the Company provides medical consumable accessories used in radiology, radiation therapy, and image guided surgery procedures.
In November 2009, Landauer completed the acquisition of GPS. GPS, with primary offices in Ohio and upstate New York, has operations throughout the United States. The Company completed the acquisition of GPS as a platform to expand into the medical physics services market, serving domestic hospitals, radiation therapy centers and imaging centers. GPS is the leading nationwide service provider of clinical physics support, equipment commissioning and accreditation support and imaging equipment testing. Clinical physics support is provided by medical physicists, who individually focus on either imaging or therapeutic medical physics. Imaging physicists are concerned primarily with the radiation delivered by imaging equipment, image quality and compliance with safe practices in nuclear pharmacies. Therapeutic physicists are concerned with the safe delivery of radiation in cancer treatment. Therapeutic physicists contribute to the development of therapeutic techniques, collaborate with radiation oncologists to design treatment plans, and monitor equipment and procedures to ensure that cancer patients receive the prescribed dose of radiation to the correct location. Both specialties are aligned with critical treatment trends in the continued increased utilization of radiation for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The ability to target treatments and reduce the impact of surgical procedures is often aided by imaging and therapeutic techniques. In June 2010, Landauer, through its GPS subsidiary, completed the acquisition of the assets of Upstate Medical Physics (“UMP”), a provider of imaging physics services in upstate New York. In addition, four smaller regional practices were also acquired in 2010 and 2011 to augment the GPS operations. The Company reports the operating results of GPS in the Medical Physics reporting segment.
Also, in November 2009, Landauer completed the acquisition of Gammadata Mätteknik AB (“GDM”), a Swedish provider of radon measurement services. GDM is based near Stockholm, Sweden and provides measurement services throughout the Scandinavian region and Europe. In October 2009, Landauer acquired a dosimetry service in Sweden, now called Landauer Persondosimetri AB (“PDM”). In December 2010, the Company established an unconsolidated joint venture in Turkey, which provides radiation monitoring services. The acquisitions of GDM and PDM and the formation of the joint venture in Turkey are reported in the Radiation Monitoring reporting segment.
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In November 2011, Landauer completed the acquisition of IZI, which is headquartered in Maryland. The Company completed the acquisition of IZI as a platform to expand into the radiation oncology, radiology, and image guided surgery end markets. IZI is a leading domestic provider of high quality medical consumable accessories used in radiology, radiation therapy, and image guided surgery procedures. IZI’s customer base includes buyers at several stages along the supply chain including distributors, manufacturers of image guided navigation equipment, and product end users such as community hospitals, radiation oncology clinics, mammography clinics, and imaging centers. IZI’s medical accessories range from consumables used with MRI, CT, and mammography technologies to highly engineered passive reflective markers used during image guided surgery procedures. In alignment with treatment trends which increasingly utilize radiation for the diagnosis and treatment of disease, as well as growing demand for minimally invasive procedures, IZI products provide the ability to increase procedural accuracy while decreasing procedural time.
The majority of the Radiation Monitoring revenues are realized from radiation monitoring services and other services incidental to radiation dose measurement. The Company enters into agreements with customers to provide them with radiation monitoring services, generally for a twelve-month period. Such agreements generally have a high renewal rate, resulting in customer relationships that are generally stable and recurring. As part of its services, the Company provides to its customers radiation detection badges, which are produced and owned by the Company. The badges are worn for a period selected by the customers (“wear period”), which is usually one, two, or three months in duration. At the end of the wear period, the badges are returned to the Company for analysis. The Company analyzes the badges that have been worn and provides its customers with a report indicating their radiation exposures. The Company recycles certain badge components for reuse, while also producing replacement badges on a continual basis.
The Company offers its service for measuring the dosages of x-ray, gamma radiation and other penetrating ionizing radiations to which the wearer has been exposed, primarily through badges, which contain optically stimulated luminescent (“OSL”) material, which are worn by customer personnel. This technology is marketed under the trade names Luxel+® and InLight®.
A key component of the Company’s dosimetry system is OSL crystal material. Landauer operates a crystal manufacturing facility in Stillwater, Oklahoma that it acquired in August 1998. The Company’s base OSL material is manufactured utilizing a proprietary process to create aluminum oxide crystals in a unique structure that is able to retain charged electrons following the crystal’s exposure to radiation.
Landauer’s InLight dosimetry system, introduced in 2003, provides in-house and commercial laboratories with the ability to provide in-house radiation monitoring services using OSL technology. InLight services may involve a customer acquiring or leasing dosimetry devices as well as analytical reading equipment from the Company. The system is based on the Company’s proprietary technology and instruments, and dosimetry devices developed by Panasonic Communications Company. The InLight system allows customers the flexibility to tailor their precise dosimetry needs.
Landauer’s operations include services for the measurement and monitoring of radon gas (referred to as “sales of radon kits”), which represent less than 5% of the Company’s total revenues for fiscal 2011. The Company offers a service, targeted to corporate employee relocation programs, which provides radon monitoring and, when necessary, remediation to purchasers of personal residences. Testing requires the customer to deploy a radon detector and return the detector to the Company’s laboratories for dose determination and reporting. The Company assists with remediation services on properties where radon measurements exceed a specified threshold.
Other radiation measurement-related services (“ancillary services”) augment the basic radiation measurement services that the Company offers, providing administrative and informational tools to customers for the management of their radiation safety programs.
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Landauer believes that its business is largely dependent upon the Company’s technical competence, the quality, reliability and price of its services and products, and its prompt and responsive service.
Landauer markets its services domestically and in Canada and by its subsidiaries in other parts of the world. The following table summarizes the Company’s international affiliates and the territories each serves:
| Company | Ownership | Service Territory |
| Consolidated Subsidiaries: | ||
| Gammadata Mätteknik AB | 100% | Asia, Europe, and Middle East |
| Global Physics Solutions, Inc. | 100% | United States |
| IZI Medical Products, LLC | 100% | United States |
| Landauer-Europe, Ltd. | 100% | Europe |
| Landauer Persondosimetri AB | 100% | Sweden |
| SAPRA-Landauer, Ltda. | 75% | South America |
| Beijing-Landauer, Ltd. | 70% | China |
| ALSA Dosimetria, S. de R.L. de C.V. | 56.25% | Central America |
| Landauer Australasia Pty Ltd. | 51% | Australia |
| Equity Method Joint Ventures: | ||
Epsilon Landauer Dozimetri Teknolojileri Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. | 50% | Europe |
| Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. | 50% | Japan and Southeast Asia |
A summary of selected financial data for Landauer for the last five fiscal years is set forth in Item 6 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Financial information about geographic areas and segments is provided in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Landauer’s radiation monitoring products and services are marketed in the United States and Canada primarily by full-time Company personnel located in five sales regions with support from telesales representatives. The Company’s non-domestic radiation monitoring products and services are marketed through its wholly owned subsidiaries operating in the United Kingdom, France and Sweden as well as its ventures in Japan and Turkey and its consolidated subsidiaries in Brazil, Australia, Mexico and China. Other firms and individuals market the Company’s radiation monitoring products and services on a distributorship or commission basis, generally to small customers or in geographic regions in which the Company does not have a direct presence.
Worldwide, the Company’s Radiation Monitoring segment serves approximately 78,000 customers representing approximately 1.7 million individuals annually. The customer base is diverse and fragmented with no single customer representing greater than 2% of revenue. Typically, a customer will contract on a subscription basis for one year of service in advance, representing monthly, bimonthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual badges, readings and reports. Customer relationships in the radiation monitoring market are generally stable and recurring. Details of the Company’s revenue recognition and deferred contract revenue policy are set forth in the “Critical Accounting Policies” section of Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Company’s domestic radiation monitoring services are largely based on the Luxel+ dosimeter system in which all analyses are performed at the Company’s laboratories in Glenwood, Illinois. Luxel+ employs the Company’s proprietary OSL technology. The Company’s InLight dosimetry system enables certain customers to make their own measurements using OSL technology. InLight is marketed to domestic and international radiation measurement laboratories found at nuclear power plants, military installations, the Department of Homeland Security, national research laboratories, and commercial services. Landauer has positioned the InLight system as both a product line and a radiation monitoring service in ways that others can benefit directly from the technical and operational advantage of OSL technology. The resulting business models include:
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| • | The provision of InLight systems to subsidiary and partner laboratories. |
| • | The sale of radiation detection monitors and analytical instruments and the provision of custom analytical software to independent laboratories throughout the world to replace their existing technologies with an OSL-based radiation dosimetry system. |
| • | The lease or rental of InLight systems by in-house laboratories such as nuclear power plants, Department of Energy facilities and others for their temporary or permanent use in radiation safety programs. |
| • | The sale of the MicroStar® system, a miniaturized OSL reader based on InLight technology, to hospitals, laboratories and others that require specialized radiation measurements for a variety of purposes. |
| • | The provision of the “legal dose of record” to Homeland Security and First Responder personnel by combining InLight passive dosimetry technology with the active dosimeters offered by industry leaders. |
| • | The provision of InLight passive dosimetry service to nuclear power plants, Department of Energy facilities and other industrial concerns that prefer to outsource their radiation monitoring needs. |
For most radiation dosimetry laboratories operating around the world, the laboratory must maintain accreditation with a regulatory body to provide the user with a formal record of dose – a process that is expensive and time consuming. By combining the implementation of an InLight system in the laboratory and “dose of record” determination by Landauer or a Company affiliated and accredited facility, the user can provide its workers with the periodic radiation safety management infrastructure without the need to maintain its own accreditation. Additionally, dosimetry management software options provide the ability to measure incremental radiation dose of workers at regular intervals over long periods of time.
For those customers that require the establishment of an on-site laboratory but do not have the need or ability to maintain inventories of ready-to-wear devices for their employees, the InLight system allows those devices to be provided by Landauer at predetermined intervals. This option reduces investment in the upfront dosimetry system and adds the convenience of on-time delivery of devices. InLight also forms the basis for Landauer’s operations in Europe, Asia, and Latin America and other future operations that might occur where local requirements preclude using a U.S. or other foreign-based laboratory.
Radon gas detection kits are marketed directly by the Company primarily to institutional customers and government agencies. The HomeBuyer’s Preferred® Radon Protection Plan service agreement is marketed directly by Landauer to companies and to their corporate relocation service providers for the benefit of purchasers of residences incident to transfers of personnel. Radon measurement services throughout Europe are marketed by the Company’s subsidiary in Sweden.
Medical physics outsourced services are marketed to hospitals and free-standing cancer centers or free-standing imaging centers across the United States. GPS medical physicists partner with other healthcare professionals to deliver services to address evolving technology, safety and regulatory needs, with the objective of improving patient outcomes through safe and effective use of radiation in medicine. The services are marketed to radiation oncology and imaging customers by a team of business development professionals supported by GPS’ senior leadership and physicists.
In November 2011, the Company acquired 100% of IZI. IZI products are marketed to buyers at several stages along the supply chain including distributors, manufacturers of image guided navigation equipment, and product end users such as community hospitals, radiation oncology clinics, mammography clinics, and imaging centers. IZI's products are marketed in the United States and Canada primarily by full-time Company telesales representatives located in IZI’s Maryland facility. Internationally, the Company primarily utilizes the companies that manufacture image-guided navigation equipment to market and distribute the navigation products. IZI uses distributors to sell its radiology and radiation therapy products.
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The services provided by the Company to its radiation monitoring and medical physics customers are on-going and are of a subscription nature. As such, revenues are recognized in the periods in which such services are rendered, irrespective of whether invoiced in advance or in arrears. Given the subscription nature of Landauer’s services, quarterly revenues are fairly consistent. During the second quarter of each fiscal year, the Company provides additional services for reporting annual radiation dose summaries that generate increased revenues. The Company’s InLight product line results in some variability in quarter-to-quarter revenue comparisons given the nature of purchase cycles associated with sales of radiation dose measurement instruments and detectors.
There is no identifiable seasonality to IZI’s business as its products are utilized in radiographic, radiation therapy and surgical procedures that are performed throughout the year. Customers may maintain an inventory of IZI products while others prefer to purchase product from IZI per procedure.
Information regarding the Company’s activities by geographic region is contained under the footnote “Geographic Information” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The Company holds exclusive worldwide licenses to patent rights for certain technologies that measure and image radiation exposure to crystalline materials when stimulated with light. These licenses were acquired by the Company from Battelle Memorial Institute (“Battelle”) and Oklahoma State University (“OSU”) as part of collaborative efforts to develop and commercialize a new generation of radiation dosimetry technology. The underlying patents for these licenses expire in years 2014 through 2023. The Battelle patents address specific OSL materials and basic aspects of use. The OSU patents are specific to the stimulation process, imaging and data interpretation. As of September 30, 2011, the Company is using OSL technology to provide dosimetry services to the majority of its domestic and international customers. Landauer from time to time evaluates the continued need and benefits to licensing certain patent rights and may discontinue such licenses in instances where Landauer does not believe that such licenses remain necessary.
Additionally, the Company holds certain patents, generated from the Company’s research and development activities, that relate to various dosimeter designs, radiation measurement materials and methods, optical data storage techniques using aluminum oxide and marking technologies used in radiology, radiation therapy and image-guided procedures. These patents expire between 2017 and 2031.
Rights to inventions of employees working for Landauer are assigned to the Company.
The Company has multiple sources for most of its raw materials and supplies, and believes that the number of sources and availability of these items are adequate. Landauer internally produces certain of its requirements, such as OSL detector materials and plastic badge holders. All crystal materials used in the Company’s OSL technology are produced at the Company’s crystal manufacturing facility in Stillwater, Oklahoma. The InLight dosimetry system and its components are manufactured by Panasonic Communications Company under an exclusive agreement. IZI, acquired by the Company in November 2011, sources a key component of its medical accessories from a sole supplier. If the Company were to lose availability of its Stillwater facility or materials from Panasonic or IZI’s sole supplier due to a fire, natural disaster or other disruptions, such loss could have a material adverse effect on the Company and its operations.
In the United States, Landauer competes against a number of dosimetry service providers. One of these providers is a division of Mirion Technologies, a significant competitor with substantial resources. Other competitors in the United States that provide dosimetry services tend to be smaller companies, some of which operate on a regional basis. Most government agencies in the United States, such as the Department of Energy and Department of Defense, have their own in-house radiation monitoring services, as do many large private nuclear power plants. Outside of the United States, radiation monitoring activities are conducted by a combination of private entities and government agencies.
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The Company competes on the basis of advanced technologies, competent execution of these technologies, the quality, reliability and price of its services, and its prompt and responsive performance. Landauer’s InLight dosimetry system competes with other dosimetry systems based on the technical advantages of OSL methods combined with an integrated systems approach featuring comprehensive software, automation and value.
Radon gas detection services represent a market where Landauer has many large and small competitors, many of whom use short-term charcoal detectors rather than the Company’s long-term alpha-track detectors. The HomeBuyer’s Preferred Radon Protection Plan represents a product sold exclusively to the corporate relocation market through firms providing relocation services and directly to corporate customers. Outside of the United States, radon gas detection services are provided by private entities.
Medical physics outsourced services represents a large fragmented market where GPS has many small competitors. In addition, many facilities directly employ full-time physicists as an alternative for obtaining services from an outsourced provider. GPS competes with other outsourced medical physicists by having responsive regional practices that are backed by the safety, stability and standards of a global company. GPS offers a complementary alternative for clients who require support for their full-time staff in meeting patient care needs.
IZI competes against a limited number of companies. One of these providers is a division of Roper Industries, Inc., a significant competitor with substantial resources. Other competitors that provide competitive products tend to be smaller companies.
The Company’s technological expertise has been an important factor in its growth. The Company regularly pursues product improvements to maintain its technical position. The development of OSL dosimetry, announced in 1994, was funded by the Company in its collaborative effort with Battelle Memorial Institute and Oklahoma State University. The Company commercialized this technology beginning in 1998 and has converted most of its customers to the technology. Current research efforts seek to expand the use of OSL, particularly as it applies to radiation measurements in therapeutic and imaging radiology and nuclear medicine as well as to environmental radiation dosimetry. In addition, the Company is evaluating new badge and InLight reader configurations that have military application and is designing a badge that will support global standardization.
The Company also participates regularly in several technical professional societies, both domestic and international, that are active in the fields of health physics and radiation detection and monitoring.
In fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company spent $2,361, $2,285 and $1,948, respectively, on research and development activities.
IZI has a robust product development process, which focuses on identifying products that will increase the accuracy of procedures and reduce procedural time. Current research efforts are concentrated to radiology products, which reduce radiation exposure to physicians and patients, as well as products that increase the accuracy of imaging by using reference markers.
Domestic Regulation
With the acquisition of IZI, Landauer now manufactures and markets products that are medical devices subject to regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), as well as other regulatory bodies. FDA regulations govern the following activities that the Company performs and will continue to perform: product design and development; document and purchasing controls; production and process controls; acceptance controls; product testing; product manufacturing; product safety; product labeling; product storage; recordkeeping; complaint handling; pre-market clearance; advertising and promotion; and product sales and distribution.
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FDA pre-market clearance and approval requirements. Unless an exemption applies, each medicaldevice the Company wishes to commercially distribute in the United States will require either prior 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval from the FDA. The FDA classifies medical devices into one of three classes. Devices deemed to pose lower risks are placed in either class I or II, which requires the manufacturer to submit to the FDA a pre-market notification requesting permission to commercially distribute the device. This process is generally known as 510(k) clearance. Some low risk devices are exempted from this requirement. Devices deemed by the FDA to pose the greatest risks, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, or devices deemed not substantially equivalent to a previously cleared 510(k) device, are placed in class III, requiring pre-market approval. All of the Company’s current products are either class I or class II devices.
510(k) clearance pathway. When a 510(k) clearance is required, the Company must submit a pre-marketnotification demonstrating that its proposed device is substantially equivalent to a previously cleared 510(k) device or a device that was in commercial distribution before May 28, 1976 for which the FDA has not yet called for the submission of pre-market approval applications. The FDA is required to respond to a 510(k) pre-market notification within 90 days of submission of the application. As a practical matter, clearance generally takes longer. The FDA may require further information, including clinical data, to make a determination regarding substantial equivalence.
Pre-market approval (PMA) pathway. A PMA must be submitted to the FDA if the device is classified by regulation as class III or cannot be cleared through the 510(k) clearance process. A PMA is usually supported by extensive data, including but not limited to, technical information, results of preclinical testing and clinical trials, manufacturing information, and labeling to demonstrate to the FDA's satisfaction the safety and effectiveness of the device. No device that the Company has developed has required pre-market approval, nor does the Company currently expect that any future device or indication for a currently marketed device will require pre-market approval.
Product modifications. After a device receives 510(k) clearance, any modification that could significantly affect its safety or effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, will require a new clearance or possibly PMA approval. The FDA requires each manufacturer to make this determination initially, but the FDA can review any such decision and can disagree with a manufacturer's determination. If the FDA disagrees with the Company’s determination not to seek a new 510(k) clearance or PMA, the FDA may require the Company to seek 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval. The FDA could also require the Company to cease marketing and distribution and/or recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval is obtained. Also, in these circumstances, the Company may be subject to significant regulatory fines or penalties.
Reform of the 510(k) Clearance Program. The Company anticipates significant changes in the near future that will affect the way the 510(k) clearance program will operate. On August 3, 2010, the FDA released for public comment two internal working group reports with numerous recommendations (1) to improve the 510(k) process and (2) to utilize science in regulatory decision making in ways that encourage innovation yet maintain predictability of the clearance process. In July, 2011, the Institute of Medicine (“IOM”), which was asked by the FDA to evaluate and make recommendations on the 510(k) program, released its report entitled “Medical Devices and the Public's Health, The FDA 510(k) Clearance Process.” The report contained numerous and broad recommendations that, if followed, will have a significant impact on the medical device industry. Also in July, 2011, the FDA issued a draft guidance titled “510(k) Device Modifications: Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device.” Once finalized, the document will supersede an existing 1997 guidance on the same topic. Issuance of the draft guidance fulfills one of the proposals set forth in FDA’s August 2010 report on improving the 510(k) process. As drafted, the guidance potentially could require Landauer to file new 510(k)s and could increase the total number of 510(k)s that the Company would need to file. The Company cannot predict what effect these reforms will have on its ability to obtain 510(k) clearances in a timely manner. The Company also cannot predict the nature of other regulatory reforms and their resulting effects on its business.
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Pervasive and continuing regulation. After a device is placed on the market, numerous regulatory requirements apply. These include, but are not limited to:
| • | Quality System Regulation, or QSR, which require manufacturers, including third-party manufacturers, to follow stringent design, testing, documentation and other quality assurance procedures during product design and throughout the manufacturing process; |
| • | Labeling regulations and FDA prohibitions against the promotion of products for uncleared, unapproved or off-label uses and against making false and misleading claims; and |
| • | Medical device reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to the FDA if their device may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur. |
The FDA has broad post-market and regulatory enforcement powers. The Company is subject to unannounced inspections by the FDA to determine its compliance with the QSR and other regulations. The Company’s subcontractors also may be subject to FDA inspection. In the past, the Company’s facility has been inspected, and observations were noted. During its most recent 2009 inspection, several observations were made and an FDA Form 483 was issued.
Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in enforcement action by the FDA, which may include any of the following sanctions:
| • | Fines, injunctions, consent decrees and civil penalties; |
| • | Recall or seizure of the Company’s products; |
| • | Operating restrictions, partial suspension or total shutdown of production; |
| • | Refusing the Company’s requests for 510(k) clearance or pre-market approval of new products or new intended uses; |
| • | Refusing to provide documents needed to export products; |
| • | Withdrawing 510(k) clearance or pre-market approvals that are already granted; and |
| • | Criminal prosecution. |
The FDA also has the authority to require the Company to repair, replace or refund the cost of any medical device that it has manufactured or distributed.
Environmental Regulations
The Company believes that it complies with federal, state and local provisions that have been enacted or adopted regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise protecting the environment. This compliance has not had, nor is it expected to have, a material effect on the capital expenditures, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, or competitive position of Landauer.
Other Governmental Regulations
Many of the Company’s technology-based services must comply with various national and international standards that are used by regulatory and accreditation bodies for approving such services and products. These accreditation bodies include, for example, the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program in the United States and governmental agencies, generally, in international markets. Changes in these standards and accreditation requirements can result in the Company having to incur costs to adapt its offerings and procedures. Such adaptations may introduce quality assurance issues during transition that need to be addressed to ensure timely and accurate analyses and data reporting. Additionally, changes affecting radiation protection practices, including new understandings of the hazards of radiation exposure and amended regulations, may impact how the Company’s services are used by its customers and may, in some circumstances, cause the Company to alter its products and delivery of its services.
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As of September 30, 2011, the Company employed approximately 560 full-time employees worldwide, of which approximately 110 employees were in the Company’s Medical Physics segment. The Company gained approximately 30 employees as a result of its acquisition of IZI in November 2011. The Company believes that it generally maintains good relations with employees at all locations.
Landauer’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may be accessed free of charge through Landauer’s website as soon as reasonably practicable after Landauer has electronically filed such material with, or furnished it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. The address of Landauer’s website ishttp://www.landauerinc.com. A copy of any of these reports is available free of charge upon the written request of any shareholder. Requests should be submitted to the following address: Landauer, Inc., Attention: Corporate Secretary, 2 Science Road, Glenwood, Illinois 60425.
Pursuant to Section 303A.12(a), Landauer, Inc. has complied with the New York Stock Exchange requirement to provide an annual CEO certification no later than 30 days following the Company’s annual meeting.
Executive Officers of the Company
The executive officers of the Company are as follows:
| Name of Officer | Age | Position |
| William E. Saxelby | 55 | President and Chief Executive Officer |
| Michael T. Leatherman | 58 | Interim Chief Financial Officer |
| R. Craig Yoder | 59 | Senior Vice President–Marketing and Technology |
| Richard E. Bailey | 65 | Senior Vice President–Operations |
Mr. Saxelby joined the Company in September 2005 as President and Chief Executive Officer. Previously, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Medical Research Laboratories, a manufacturer of defibrillators, prior to its sale to Welch Allyn in 2003, and consulted with certain private equity firms between 2003 and 2005. Prior to joining Medical Research Laboratories, he served as a Corporate Vice President of Allegiance Healthcare from 1996 to 1999, and from 1978 to 1996 he held executive positions at Baxter International and its American Hospital Supply subsidiary.
Mr. Leatherman was appointed to his position as the Company’s Interim Chief Financial Officer effective September 2011. He was elected to the Company’s Board of Directors in 2008. During his term as Interim CFO, he continues to serve as a non-independent Director and, therefore, has ceased his service as a member of the Audit Committee and Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Since 2000, he has served as an Independent Consultant primarily to the information technology industry. From 1990 to 2000, he held various senior leadership positions with Wallace Computer Services including Executive Vice President, Chief Information Officer and Chief Financial Officer from 1998 to 2000. From 1984 to 1990, he served as Chief Executive Officer of FSC Paper Corporation, a subsidiary of Smorgon Consolidated Industries. Mr. Leatherman is a Certified Public Accountant.
Dr. Yoder was elected to his position in February 2001, after serving as the Company’s Vice President of Operations since 1994 and Technology Manager since joining the Company in 1983. Prior to joining the Company, he was a member of the senior technical staff at Pennsylvania Power and Light, and at Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory.
Mr. Bailey was elected to his position as Senior Vice President – Operations in May 2006. He served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company’s GPS subsidiary from June 2010 to April 2011. Prior to joining the Company, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of Dean Foods Company and held senior executive positions with Philip Morris Company, Kraft Foods, Inc., and Total Logistic Control.
There are no family relationships between any director or executive officer and any other director or executive officer of the Company.
| 9 |
In addition to factors discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, set forth below are certain risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations or financial condition and cause actual results or events to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company.
Unforeseen problems with the implementation and maintenance of our equipment and information systems could interfere with our operations.
In the normal course of its business, Landauer must record and process significant amounts of data quickly and accurately and relies on various computer and telecommunications equipment and information technology systems. Any failure of such equipment or systems could adversely affect the Company’s operations.
As part of the Company’s initiative to re-engineer business processes and replace components of its information technology systems, the Company is implementing new enterprise resource planning software and other applications to manage certain of its business operations. The Company has and likely will continue to incur substantial costs associated with the implementation and additional costs associated with maintenance of the new systems. As the new applications are implemented and functionality added, unforeseen problems could arise. Such problems could adversely impact the Company’s operations, including the ability to perform the following in a timely manner: customer quotes, customer orders, product shipment, customer services and support, order billing and tracking, contractual obligations fulfillment and other related operations. In addition, the Company has engaged third-party consultants for the development and implementation of the new systems. If the consultants fail to perform on their obligations, development and implementation of the project could be further delayed. If the new systems do not perform as originally planned, the Company’s results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
We rely on a single facility with a centralized information systems infrastructure for the primary manufacturing and processing of our dosimetry products and services, and a single facility for the manufacturing and processing of our medical devices.
Landauer conducts its primary dosimetry manufacturing and laboratory processing operations and performs significant functions for some of its international operations from a single facility in Glenwood, Illinois with a centralized information systems infrastructure. The Company’s IZI subsidiary conducts its medical device manufacturing and operations from a single facility in Baltimore, Maryland. If the Company were to lose availability of either of these primary facilities or computer systems due to fire, natural disaster or other disruptions, the Company’s operations could be significantly impaired. Despite the Company’s disaster recovery preparedness efforts, there can be no assurance that such plan could ensure the Company’s ability to rapidly respond to such disaster. Although the Company maintains business interruption insurance, there can be no assurance that the proceeds of such insurance would be sufficient to offset any loss the Company might incur or that the Company would be able to retain its customer base if operations were so disrupted.
We rely on a single source for the manufacturing of crystal material, a key component in our OSL technology, a single vendor for the manufacturing of InLight products and a single vendor for a key component of our medical devices.
Crystal material is a key component in Landauer’s OSL technology. The Company operates a single crystal manufacturing facility in Stillwater, Oklahoma that currently supplies all OSL crystal radiation measurement material used by the Company. Although multiple sources for raw crystal material exist, there can be no assurance that the Company could secure another source to produce finished crystal materials to Landauer’s specification in the event of a disruption at the Stillwater facility. The InLight dosimetry system and its components are manufactured by Panasonic Communications Company under an exclusive agreement. IZI sources a key component of its medical accessories from a sole supplier. If the Company were to lose availability of its Stillwater facility or materials from Panasonic or IZI’s sole supplier due to a fire, natural disaster or other disruptions, such loss could have a material adverse effect on the Company and its operations.
| 10 |
If we are not successful in the development or introduction of new technologies, our financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Landauer’s radiation monitoring business is a mature business and the number of workers being monitored for radiation exposure has not grown in recent years. Additionally, economic pressures can adversely affect the value of occupational monitoring perceived by customers or increase pricing pressures. The Company believes that the development and introduction of new technologies and products will be essential to help counter these pressures. The Company regularly pursues product improvements to maintain its technical position. The development and introduction of new technologies, the adaptability of OSL to new platforms and new formats, the usefulness of older technologies as well as the introduction of new technologies by the competition present various risks to the Company’s business. The failure or lack of market acceptance of a new technology or the inability to respond to market requirements for new technology could adversely affect the Company’s operations or reputation with customers. The cancellation of technology projects or the cessation of use of an existing technology can result in write-downs and charges to the Company’s earnings.
As a medical device accessory provider, introducing new products is critical to growing the Company’s business. If the Company does not manage its new product development projects on time or experiences unforeseen problems, the launch of those products would be put at risk which could have a negative effect on IZI’s revenue opportunity and the Company’s results of operations. The failure or lack of market acceptance of a new product or the inability to respond to market requirements for new technology could adversely affect the Company’s operations and reputation with customers.
If we are unable to successfully execute business development activities and diversification such as the acquisition and integration of strategic businesses, our on-going business and results of operations may be adversely affected.
A principal growth strategy of Landauer is to explore opportunities to selectively enhance its business through development activities, such as strategic acquisitions, investments and alliances. In furtherance of this objective, in November 2009, Landauer acquired GPS and GDM. In November 2011, Landauer acquired IZI and intends to continue to pursue other acquisition and business development initiatives in the future. The Company may not be able to identify appropriate acquisition candidates or successfully negotiate, finance or integrate acquisitions. Covenants in the Company’s revolving credit facility may also limit the amount and types of indebtedness that it may incur to finance acquisitions. If the Company is unable to make further acquisitions, it may be unable to realize its growth strategy. Additionally, if the Company is unable to successfully manage acquisition risks, future earnings may be adversely affected. Acquisitions and other business development activities involve various significant challenges and risks, including the following:
| • | Difficulty in acquiring desired businesses or assets on economically acceptable terms; |
| • | Difficulty in integrating new employees, business systems and technology; |
| • | Difficulty in consolidating facilities and infrastructure; |
| • | Potential need to operate and manage new lines of business; |
| • | Potential loss of key personnel; |
| • | Diversion of management’s attention from on-going operations; |
| • | Realization of satisfactory returns on investments; and |
| • | Disputes with strategic partners, due to conflicting priorities or conflicts of interest. |
Development activities could result in the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, interest and amortization expenses or periodic impairment charges related to goodwill and other intangible assets as well as significant charges related to integration costs. If the Company is unable to successfully integrate and manage businesses that it acquires within expected terms and in a timely manner, its business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
| 11 |
There can be no assurances that our operations will generate cash flows in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness.
The Company’s ability to make scheduled payments on its existing or future debt obligations and fund operations will depend on its future financial and operating performance. While the Company believes it will continue to have sufficient cash flows to operate its businesses, there can be no assurances that its operations will generate sufficient cash flows to enable it to pay its remaining indebtedness or to fund its other liquidity needs. If the Company cannot make scheduled payments on its debt, the Company will be in default and, as a result, among other things, all outstanding principal and interest under its revolving credit facility will automatically be due and payable which could force the Company to liquidate certain assets or substantially restructure or alter its business operations or debt obligations. Moreover, if the Company is unable to obtain additional capital or if its current sources of financing are reduced or unavailable, the Company may be required to eliminate or reduce the scope of its plans for expansion and growth and this could affect its overall operations.
Restrictions in our revolving credit facility could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The Company has a committed $175 million, secured revolving credit facility with BMO Harris Bank N.A. as administrative agent (“BMO Harris”), the lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association as syndication agent (the “BMO Harris facility”), that expires on November 14, 2016. The BMO Harris facility is secured by a first-priority perfected security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of Landauer and its existing and future material domestic subsidiaries (the “Guarantors”), including a pledge of 100% of the stock of each domestic subsidiary and a pledge of 66% of the stock of each first-tier foreign subsidiary. The BMO Harris facility includes customary covenants for facilities of this type, including limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments and acquisitions, loans and advances, mergers and consolidations, sales of assets, and dividends, stock repurchases and other restricted payments.
The Company’s revolving credit facility with BMO Harris also contains certain financial covenants, including a minimum net worth of the Company and its subsidiaries of $65 million, a maximum leverage ratio ranging between 3.00 to 1.00 and 2.50 to 1.00 as applicable for each fiscal quarter and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio ranging between 1.15 to 1.00 and 1.35 to 1.00, as applicable for each fiscal quarter.
If the Company has significant borrowings under the BMO Harris agreement and it violates a covenant or an event of default occurs and the lenders accelerate the maturity of any outstanding borrowings and terminate their commitment to make future loans, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to comply with its financial or other covenants or that any covenant violations will be waived. In addition, if the Company fails to comply with its financial or other covenants, it may need additional financing in order to service or extinguish its indebtedness. In the future, the Company may not be able to obtain financing or refinancing on terms acceptable to it, if at all.
Certain of our international operations are conducted through joint ventures in which we rely significantly on our joint venture partners.
A substantial portion of the Company’s international operations are conducted through joint ventures with third parties. In Australia, Brazil, China, and Mexico, the Company has a controlling interest in the related joint ventures. The Company has a 50% interest in Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. located in Japan and Epsilon-Landauer located in Turkey. In all of these joint ventures and others, Landauer relies significantly on the services and skills of its joint venture partners to manage and conduct the local operations and ensure compliance with local laws and regulations. If the joint venture partners were unable to perform adequately these functions, Landauer’s operations in such regions could be adversely affected.
| 12 |
As a portion of our business is conducted outside of the United States, adverse international developments could negatively impact our business and results of operations.
Landauer conducts business in numerous international markets such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Japan, Mexico, Sweden, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Foreign operations are subject to a number of special risks, including, among others, currency exchange rate fluctuations; disruption in relations; political and economic unrest; trade barriers; exchange controls; expropriation; and changes in laws and policies, including those governing foreign owned operations.
Our radiation-monitoring and technology-based services business is subject to extensive domestic and foreign government regulations, which could increase our costs, cause us to incur liabilities and adversely affect our results of operations.
Regulation, present and future, is a constant factor affecting the Company’s business. The radiation monitoring industry is subject to federal, state and international governmental regulation. Unknown matters, new laws and regulations, or stricter interpretations of existing laws or regulations may materially affect Landauer’s business or operations in the future and/or could increase the cost of compliance. The equipment commissioning business of GPS, which Landauer acquired in November 2009, and the employment of physicists and other healthcare professionals also are subject to federal, state and international governmental regulation and licensing requirements.
Many of the Company’s technology-based services must comply with various domestic and international standards that are used by regulatory and accreditation bodies for approving such services and products. The failure of the Company to obtain accreditation for its products and services may adversely affect the Company’s business, require the Company to alter its products or procedures or adversely affect the market perception of the effectiveness of its products and services. Changes in these standards and accreditation requirements may also result in the Company having to incur substantial costs to adapt its offerings and procedures to maintain accreditations and approvals. Such adaptations may introduce quality assurance issues during transition that need to be addressed to ensure timely and accurate analyses and data reporting. Additionally, changes affecting radiation protection practices, including new understandings of the hazards of radiation exposure and amended regulations, may impact how the Company’s services are used by its customers and may, in some circumstances, cause the Company to alter its products and delivery of its services.
The Company’s medical device business is subject to many laws and government regulations governing the manufacture and sale of medical devices, including the FDA’s 510(k) clearance process.
IZI’s products are medical devices that are subject to extensive regulation in the United States by the federal government, including by the FDA. The FDA regulates virtually all aspects of a medical device’s design, development, testing, manufacturing, labeling, storage, record keeping, adverse event reporting, sale, promotion, distribution and shipping. The Company must report to the FDA when evidence suggests that one of its devices may have caused or contributed to death or serious injury or has malfunctioned and the device or a similar device would be likely to cause or contribute to death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur. If such adverse event occurred, the Company could incur substantial expense and harm to its reputation and the Company’s business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Before a new medical device can be marketed in the United States, it must first receive either premarket approval or 510(k) clearance from the FDA, unless an exemption exists. The same rule applies when a manufacturer plans to market a medical device for a new use. The process can be costly and time-consuming. The FDA is expected to respond to a section 510(k) notification in 90 days, but often takes much longer. The premarket approval process usually takes six months to three years, but may take longer. The Company cannot assure that any new medical devices or new use for an existing medical device that IZI develops will be cleared or approved in a timely or cost-effective manner, if cleared or approved at all. Even if such devices are cleared or approved, the products may not be cleared or approved for all indications. Because medical devices may only be marketed for cleared or approved indications, this could significantly limit the market for that product and may adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.
| 13 |
Currently, all IZI medical devices have been cleared through the 510(k) clearance process or are exempt from this requirement. Any modification to a 510(k) device that could significantly affect its safety or efficacy, or that would constitute a significant change in its intended use, will require a new clearance process. Any modification to an exempt device could potentially subject the exempt device to the 510(k) clearance requirements. The FDA requires device manufacturers to make their own determination regarding whether a modification requires a new clearance; however, the FDA can review and invalidate a manufacturer’s decision not to file for a new clearance. The Company cannot guarantee that the FDA will agree with its decisions not to seek clearances for particular device modifications or that it will be successful in obtaining 510(k) clearances for modifications. Any such additional clearance processes with the FDA could delay the Company’s ability to market a modified product and may adversely affect the Company’s results of operations.
The FDA may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, or revise existing regulations, in particular relating to the 510(k) clearance process.
The FDA also may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, or revise existing regulations, each of which could prevent or delay premarket approval or 510(k) clearance of a device, or could impact the Company’s ability to market its currently cleared devices. The Company anticipates significant changes in the near future that will affect the way the 510(k) clearance program will operate. On August 3, 2010, the FDA released for public comment two internal working group reports with numerous recommendations to improve the 510(k) process and utilize science in regulatory decision making to encourage innovation yet maintain predictability of the clearance process. In July, 2011, the IOM, which was asked by the FDA to evaluate and make recommendations on the 510(k) program, released its report entitled “Medical Devices and the Public’s Health, The FDA 510(k) Clearance Process.” The report contained numerous and broad recommendations that, if followed, will have a significant impact on the medical device industry. Also in July, 2011, the FDA issued a draft guidance titled “510(k) Device Modifications: Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device.” Once finalized, the document will supersede an existing 1997 guidance on the same topic. Issuance of the draft guidance fulfills one of the proposals set forth in FDA’s August 2010 report on improving the 510(k) process. As drafted, the guidance potentially could require the Company to file new 510(k)s and could increase the total number of 510(k)s to be filed. The Company cannot predict what effect these reforms will have on its ability to obtain 510(k) clearances in a timely manner. The Company also cannot predict the nature of other regulatory reforms and their resulting effects on its business.
The Company’s medical device business is subject to unannounced inspections by FDA to determine our compliance with FDA requirements.
FDA inspections can result in inspectional observations on FDA’s Form-483, warning letters or other forms of more significant enforcement action. More specifically, if FDA concludes that the Company is not in compliance with applicable laws or regulations, or that any of IZI’s medical devices are ineffective or pose an unreasonable health risk, the FDA could:
| • | require the Company to notify health professionals and others that its devices present unreasonable risk of substantial harm to public health; |
| • | order the Company to recall, repair, replace or refund the cost of any medical device that it manufactured or distributed; |
| • | detain, seize or ban adulterated or misbranded medical devices; |
| • | refuse to provide the Company with documents necessary to export its products; |
| • | refuse requests for 510(k) clearance or premarket approval of new products or new intended uses; |
| • | withdraw 510(k) clearances that are already granted; |
| • | impose operating restrictions, including requiring a partial or total shutdown of production; |
| • | enjoin or restrain conduct resulting in violations of applicable law pertaining to medical devices; and/or |
| • | access criminal or civil penalties against the Company’s officers, employees or the Company. |
If the FDA concludes that the Company failed to comply with any regulatory requirement during an inspection, it could have a material adverse effect on its business and financial condition. The Company could incur substantial expense and harm to its reputation, and its ability to introduce new or enhanced products in a timely manner could be adversely affected.
| 14 |
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could adversely affect our results.
The Company is exposed to market risk, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The financial statements of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the U.S. dollar as the reporting currency. To date, the market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates has not been material in relation to the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. These risks could increase, however, as the Company expands in international markets.
Several of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater resources and increased competition could impair sales of our products.
The Company competes on the basis of advanced technologies, competent execution of these technologies, the quality, reliability and price of its services and its prompt and responsive performance. In much of the world, radiation monitoring activities are conducted by a combination of private entities and governmental agencies. The Company’s primary radiation monitoring and medical physics competitor in the United States, Global Dosimetry Solutions, a division of Mirion Technologies, is large, has substantial resources, and has been particularly active in recent years in soliciting business from the Company’s customers. IZI’s primary competitor is Northern Digital, Inc., a division of Roper Industries, Inc., which has substantial resources. The Company also faces competitive pressures from a number of smaller competitors.
If we experience decreasing prices for our goods and services and we are unable to reduce our expenses, our results of operations could suffer.
The Company may experience decreasing prices for the goods and services it offers due to customer consolidation, increased influence of hospital group purchasing organizations, and pricing pressure experienced by its customers from managed care organizations and other third-party payers. Decreasing prices may also be due to increased market power of its customers as the medical industry consolidates and increased competition among dosimetry and physics services providers. If the prices for its goods and services decrease and it is unable to reduce its expenses, the Company’s results of operations could be adversely affected.
The Company may also experience decreasing prices for the products offered by its newly-acquired medical device business due to potential changes in the reimbursement levels of hospitals and other customers. The customers and the other entities with which Landauer has a business relationship are affected by changes in statutes, regulations and limitations in governmental spending for Medicare, Medicaid and other programs. Recent government actions and future legislative and administrative changes could limit government spending for the Medicare and Medicaid programs, limit payments to hospitals and other providers, increase emphasis on competition, consolidation, or integrated delivery systems, impose price controls, initiate new and expanded value-based reimbursement programs and/or create other programs that potentially could have an adverse effect on the Company’s customers and the other entities with which it has a business relationship. If Landauer’s pricing experiences significant downward pressure, its business will be less profitable and its results of operations could be adversely affected.
Our failure to attract, motivate and retain qualified and key personnel to support our business may have a material adverse effect on our business plans, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
The Company’s success depends, in large part, upon the talent and efforts of key individuals including highly skilled scientists, physicists and engineers, as well as experienced senior management, sales, marketing and finance personnel. Competition for these individuals is intense and there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in attracting, motivating, or retaining key personnel. The loss of the services of one or more of these senior executives or key employees, or the inability to continue to attract these personnel may have a material effect on its business plans, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. The Company’s continued ability to compete effectively depends on its ability to attract new skilled employees and to retain and motivate its existing employees.
| 15 |
The GPS business involves the delivery of professional services and is highly labor-intensive. Its success depends largely on its general ability to attract, develop, motivate and retain highly skilled licensed medical physicists (“physicists”). Further, the Company must successfully maintain the right mix of physicists with relevant experience and skill sets as the Company continues to grow, as it expands into new service offerings, and as the market evolves. The loss of a significant number of its physicists, the inability to attract, hire, develop, train and retain additional skilled personnel, or not maintaining the right mix of professionals could have a serious negative effect on the Company, including its ability to manage, staff and successfully complete its existing engagements and obtain new engagements. Qualified physicists are in great demand, and the Company faces significant competition for both senior and junior physicists with the requisite credentials and experience. The Company’s principal competition for talent comes from other outsourced medical physicist firms, hospitals and free-standing radiation therapy centers. Many of these competitors may be able to offer significantly greater compensation and benefits or more attractive lifestyle choices, career paths or geographic locations than those of the Company. Therefore, the Company may not be successful in attracting and retaining the skilled physicists it requires to conduct and expand its operations successfully. Increasing competition for these revenue-generating medical physicists may also significantly increase the Company’s labor costs, which could negatively affect its margins and results of operations.
The current United States and state health reform legislative initiatives could adversely affect our operations and business condition.
In both the United States and some foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to change the health care system in ways that might affect the Company’s business. In March 2010, President Obama signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, or collectively, the Health Care Reform Law, a sweeping law intended to broaden access to health insurance, reduce or constrain the growth of healthcare spending, enhance remedies against fraud and abuse, add new transparency requirements for healthcare and health insurance industries, impose new taxes and fees on the health industry and impose additional health policy reforms. This legislation includes reforms and reductions that could affect Medicare reimbursements and health insurance coverage for certain services and treatments. Some states also have pending health reform legislative initiatives. Further, the Budget Control Act of 2011 that created a committee to determine cuts to be made to the budget, or automatic cuts that are triggered as a result of failure to enact committee determined cuts, could result in reduced Medicare, Medicaid, and other Federal health care reimbursements for the Company’s products and services. Changes in reimbursements and coverages could adversely affect hospitals and other medical services and products providers, which could result in reduced demand for certain services and products offered by the Company, including services offered by its GPS subsidiary and products manufactured by its recently acquired medical device business. The Company will not know the full effects of the Health Care Reform Law until applicable federal and state agencies issue regulations or guidance under the new law. The Company cannot predict whether or when future healthcare reform initiatives at the Federal or state level or other initiatives affecting its business will be proposed, enacted or implemented or what impact those initiatives may have on its business, financial condition or results of operations. The Company’s customers and the other entities with which it has a business relationship could react to these initiatives and the uncertainty surrounding these proposals by curtailing or deferring investments, including those for Landauer’s products and services.
| 16 |
The applicable healthcare fraud and abuse laws and regulations, along with the increased enforcement environment, may lead to an enforcement action targeting the Company, which could adversely affect our business.
The medical device business recently acquired by the Company is subject to healthcare fraud and abuse laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute, state anti-kickback statutes, the Federal False Claims Act, and state false claims acts. These and other laws regulate interactions amongst health care entities and with sources of referrals of business, among other things. The Federal Anti-Kickback Statute is a criminal statute that imposes substantial penalties on persons or entities that offer, solicit, pay or receive payments in return for referrals, recommendations, purchases or orders of items or services that are reimbursable by Federal healthcare programs. The False Claims Act imposes liability on any person or entity that submits or causes to be submitted a claim to the Federal government that he or she knows (or should know) is false. The Health Reform Law further provides that a claim submitted for items or services, the provision of which resulted from a violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute, is “false” under the False Claims Act and certain other false claims statutes.
The Company may be subject to liability under these laws based on the activities of its recently acquired medical device company for its conduct prior to acquisition, and may also be subject to liability for any future conduct that is deemed by the government or the courts to violate these laws. Additionally, over the past ten years, partially as the result of the passage of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and of the Health Reform Law, the government has pursued an increasing number of enforcement actions. This increased enforcement environment may increase scrutiny of the Company, directly or indirectly, and could increase the likelihood of an enforcement action targeting the Company. The Company’s medical device subsidiary has entered into complex distribution and collaboration agreements, as well as purchase agreements with a number of its customers, including parties that bill Federal healthcare programs for the Company’s products, which may be subject to government scrutiny. Finally, to the extent that any of the agreements are breached or terminated, the Company’s medical device business may experience a decrease in sales, and, accordingly, revenue. In addition, to the extent that its customers, many of whom are providers, may be affected by this increased enforcement environment, the Company’s business could correspondingly be affected. It is possible that a review of the Company’s business practices or those of its customers by courts or government authorities could result in a determination with an adverse effect on its business. The Company cannot predict the effect ofpossible future enforcement actions on the Company.
We could be subject to professional liability lawsuits, some of which we may not be fully insured against or reserved for, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
In recent years, physicians, hospitals and other participants in the healthcare industry have become subject to an increasing number of lawsuits alleging medical malpractice and related legal theories such as negligent hiring, supervision and credentialing, and vicarious liability for acts of their employees or independent contractors. In addition, the level and effect of radiation being administered by certain radiation equipment is also attracting increased scrutiny and giving rise to patient safety claims. Many of these lawsuits involve large claims and substantial defense costs. The Company’s GPS business increases its presence in the healthcare industry. As the Company increases its focus on the healthcare industry, it could be exposed to litigation or subject to fines, penalties or suspension of services relating to the compliance with regulatory requirements.
| 17 |
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Landauer owns three adjacent buildings totaling approximately 65,000 square feet in Glenwood, Illinois, about 30 miles south of Chicago, and leases a local warehouse. The properties house the Company’s administrative offices, information technology resources, and laboratory, assembly and reading operations. The properties and equipment of the Company are in good condition and, in the opinion of management, are suitable and adequate for the Company’s operations. For its Radiation Monitoring operations, the Company leases a crystal growth facility in Stillwater, Oklahoma and maintains laboratories in Australia, Brazil, China, France, Mexico, Sweden, and Turkey, as well as a sales office in England. The Company’s joint venture in Japan, Nagase-Landauer, owns a manufacturing facility which began operating in April 2010. The Company leases offices in Ohio, New York, North Carolina and Missouri for its Medical Physics operations, and leases manufacturing and office space in Maryland for its IZI operations.
The Company is a party to a variety of legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. While the results of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company regularly reviews legal matters and records provisions for claims that it can estimate and are considered probable of loss. Management believes that the final outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company’s common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol LDR. A summary of high and low market prices of the Company’s common stock for the last two fiscal years is set forth in the table in the “Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As of November 28, 2011, there were 298 shareholders of record. There were no sales of unregistered securities of the Company and no repurchases of equity securities of the Company during fiscal 2011 by the Company.
On November 14, 2011, the Company declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.55 per share for the first quarter of fiscal 2012. This represents an annual rate of $2.20 per share, consistent with fiscal 2011 levels. A summary of cash dividends paid for the last two fiscal years is set forth in the table in the “Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Information pursuant to this Item relating to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, contained under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement, is incorporated herein by reference.
Performance Graph
Landauer’s common stock was added to the S&P SmallCap 600 Index on September 16, 2008. The S&P SmallCap 600 Index consists of stocks of U.S. companies with market capitalizations between $250 million and $1.2 billion. New stocks are not only based on size, but also financial viability, liquidity, adequate public float and other trading requirements.
| 18 |
The following graph reflects a comparison of the cumulative total return (change in stock price plus reinvested dividends) assuming $100 invested in: (a) Landauer’s common stock, (b) the Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) SmallCap 600 Index and (c) the S&P 600 industry index represented by a group of health care services companies during the period from September 30, 2006 through September 30, 2011. The comparisons in the following table are historical and are not intended to forecast or be indicative of possible future performance of Landauer’s common stock.
| Value of Investment at September 30, | ||||||||||||
| (Dollars) | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||
| Landauer, Inc. | $ | 100 | $ | 104 | $ | 154 | $ | 120 | $ | 143 | $ | 117 |
| S&P SmallCap 600 Index | 100 | 115 | 99 | 89 | 101 | 101 | ||||||
| S&P Health Care Services | 100 | 129 | 98 | 97 | 99 | 99 | ||||||
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Five Year Selected Financial Data
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
For the Years Ended September 30,
| (Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share) | 2007(1) | 2008(2) | 2009(3) | 2010(4) | 2011(5) | ||||||||||
| Operating results | |||||||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 83,716 | $ | 89,954 | $ | 93,827 | $ | 114,367 | $ | 120,458 | |||||
| Operating income | 28,603 | 34,075 | 32,518 | 34,637 | 34,883 | ||||||||||
| Net income | 19,316 | 22,983 | 23,366 | 23,674 | 24,538 | ||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share | $ | 2.10 | $ | 2.46 | $ | 2.49 | $ | 2.52 | $ | 2.58 | |||||
| Cash dividends per share | $ | 1.90 | $ | 2.00 | $ | 2.10 | $ | 2.15 | $ | 2.20 | |||||
| Total assets | $ | 97,340 | $ | 118,690 | $ | 125,205 | $ | 150,696 | $ | 168,656 | |||||
| Short-term debt(6) | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 12,504 | $ | 19,805 | |||||
| (1) | Fiscal 2007 includes accelerated depreciation and impairment charges of $2,875, reducing net income by $1,725 (after income tax benefit of $1,150) or $0.19 per diluted share. |
| (2) | Fiscal 2008 includes accelerated depreciation charges of $376, reducing net income by $225 (after income tax benefit of $151) or $0.02 per diluted share. |
| (3) | Fiscal 2009 includes pension curtailment and transition costs of $2,236, reducing net income by $1,478 (after income tax benefit of $758) or $0.16 per diluted share, and reorganization charges of $416, reducing net income by $275 (after income tax benefit of $141) or $0.03 per diluted share. |
| (4) | Fiscal 2010 includes acquisition and reorganization costs in connection with the Company’s acquisitions during the first and third fiscal quarters of $2,028, reducing net income by $1,607 (after income tax benefit of $421) or $0.17 per diluted share. |
| (5) | Fiscal 2011 includes acquisition and reorganization costs of $1,489, reducing net income by $982 (after income tax benefit of $507) or $0.10 per diluted share. |
| (6) | In connection with its fiscal 2010 first quarter acquisitions, the Company borrowed $18,000 under its credit agreement with U.S. Bank. The debt is classified as short term as the agreement contains a subjective acceleration clause as well as a Company elected arrangement which provides for automatic draws or pay downs on the credit facility on a daily basis after taking into account operating cash needs. |
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Overview
Landauer is a leading global provider of technical and analytical services to determine occupational and environmental radiation exposure and is the leading domestic provider of outsourced medical physics services. For over 50 years, the Company has provided complete radiation dosimetry services to hospitals, medical and dental offices, universities, national laboratories, nuclear facilities and other industries in which radiation poses a potential threat to employees. Landauer’s services include the manufacture of various types of radiation detection monitors, the distribution and collection of the monitors to and from customers, and the analysis and reporting of exposure findings. These services are provided to approximately 1.7 million individuals globally. In addition to providing analytical services, the Company may lease or sell dosimetry detectors and reading equipment to large customers that want to manage their own dosimetry programs, or into smaller international markets in which it is not economical to establish a direct service.
Landauer’s radiation monitoring business is a mature business and growth in numbers of customers is modest. In recent years, the Company’s strategy has been to expand into new international markets, primarily by partnering with existing dosimetry service providers with a prominent local presence. In addition, the Company has been developing new platforms and formats for its OSL technology, such as InLight®, to gain access to markets where the Company previously did not have a significant presence, such as smaller in-house and commercial laboratories, nuclear power facilities, tactical military monitoring and hospitals to support monitoring of patient exposure to radiation. Revenue growth in recent years has occurred as a result of entry into new markets through joint ventures and acquisitions, modest unit growth, sale of InLight equipment and badges, and new ancillary services and products. The Company believes pricing in the domestic market has become more competitive and opportunities to obtain regular price increases from its customers may be more limited in the future. The continued economic downturn and uncertain impact of healthcare reform has resulted in increased pricing pressure with the Company's healthcare customer base, which is expected to continue into the future.
In November 2009, Landauer completed the acquisition of Gammadata Mätteknik AB (“GDM”), a Swedish provider of radon measurement services. GDM is based near Stockholm, Sweden and provides measurement services throughout the Scandinavian region and Europe. In October 2009, Landauer acquired a dosimetry service in Sweden, now called Landauer Persondosimetri AB (“PDM”). In December 2010, the Company established an unconsolidated joint venture in Turkey, which provides radiation monitoring services. The acquisitions of GDM and PDM and the formation of the joint venture in Turkey are reported in the Radiation Monitoring reporting segment.
Through its Global Physics Solutions, Inc. (“GPS”) subsidiary, which was acquired in November 2009, the Company provides therapeutic and imaging physics services to the medical community. GPS is the leading nationwide provider of medical physics services to hospitals, free standing imaging centers and radiation therapy centers. Medical physics services is a large fragmented market. Market growth is expected to be driven by: the utilization of radiation in the provision of healthcare; trends towards outsourcing of services in healthcare settings; and a tightening domestic supply of qualified medical physicists. In June 2010, Landauer, through its GPS subsidiary, completed the acquisition of the assets of Upstate Medical Physics (“UMP”), a provider of imaging physics services in upstate New York. In addition, four smaller regional practices were also acquired in 2010 and 2011 to augment the GPS operations. The Company reports these operating results in the Medical Physics reporting segment.
In November 2011, Landauer completed the acquisition of IZI Medical Products, LLC (“IZI”), which provides medical consumable accessories used in radiology, radiation therapy, and image guided surgery procedures. IZI is a leading provider, internationally and domestically, of high quality medical consumable accessories used in radiology, radiation therapy, and image guided surgery procedures. IZI’s customer base includes buyers at several stages along the supply chain including distributors, manufacturers of image guided navigation equipment, and product end users such as community hospitals, radiation oncology clinics, mammography clinics, and imaging centers. IZI’s medical accessories range from consumables used with MRI, CT, and mammography technologies to highly engineered passive reflective markers used during image guided surgery procedures. In alignment with treatment trends which increasingly utilize radiation for the diagnosis and treatment of disease, as well as growing demand for minimally invasive procedures, IZI products provide the ability to increase procedural accuracy while decreasing procedural time.
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Results of Operations
In connection with the acquisition of GPS, during the first quarter of fiscal 2010, the Company began to operate in two reportable segments, Radiation Monitoring and Medical Physics. Historically, the Company operated in the Radiation Monitoring segment exclusively. The Company evaluates performance of the individual segments based upon, among other metrics, segment operating earnings or loss. Segment operating income or loss is segment revenue less segment cost of sales and segment selling, general and administrative expenses. Corporate expenses for shared functions, including corporate management, corporate finance and human resources, are recognized in the Radiation Monitoring segment where they have historically been reported. As the operational integration activities of the Medical Physics segment progress, including transaction processing, human resources and benefits administration, and sales and marketing activities, the Company expects to reevaluate the allocation of costs if or when these costs become material. Additional information on the Company’s reportable segments is contained under the footnote “Segment Information” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Comparability of results is impacted by the acquisition of GPS during the second month of fiscal 2010 as compared to the results for a full twelve month period in fiscal 2011. Segment performance for fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 is discussed with the consolidated results of operations due to the lack of comparability for the Medical Physics segment, as the Company operated in the Radiation Monitoring segment exclusively in fiscal 2009.
Comparison of the Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
Revenues for fiscal 2011 were $120.5 million, an increase of $6.1 million, or 5.3%, compared with revenues of $114.4 million for fiscal 2010. The Medical Physics segment contributed an increase of $6.6 million, offset by a decline in the Radiation Monitoring segment of $0.5 million.
Cost of sales for fiscal 2011 was $47.5 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 6.8%, compared with cost of sales of $44.5 million for fiscal 2010. The Medical Physics segment contributed an increase of $5.1 million, offset by a decline in the Radiation Monitoring segment of $2.1 million. Gross margins were 60.6% for fiscal 2011, compared with 61.1% for fiscal 2010. The decline in gross margin rate was primarily due to the overall growth of the Medical Physics segment, which has lower margins.
Selling, general and administrative costs for fiscal 2011 were $36.6 million, an increase of $3.4 million, or 10.1%, compared with the $33.2 million reported for fiscal 2010. The Medical Physics segment and Radiation Monitoring segment contributed an increase of $1.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The Medical Physics increase is due to the impact of acquired companies and costs to support organic growth. The Radiation Monitoring increase is due primarily to increased international spending to support international revenue growth and the strengthening of most foreign currencies against the dollar.
In conjunction with the Company’s acquisition activity, the Company incurred $1.5 million ($1.0 million, after tax) and $2.0 million ($1.6 million, after-tax) of acquisition related transaction and reorganization costs for fiscal 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Operating income for the twelve months ended September 30, 2011 was $34.9 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 0.7%, compared with operating income of $34.6 million for fiscal 2010. For fiscal 2011, the Medical Physics segment had an operating loss of $0.5 million, an improvement of $0.4 million compared to an operating loss of $0.9 million for fiscal 2010. The Radiation Monitoring segment had operating income of $35.4 million, compared to operating income of $35.6 million for fiscal 2010.
Net other income, including equity in income of joint ventures, for fiscal 2011 was $1.9 million, an increase of $0.5 million, or 32.7%, from the prior year, due to Nagase-Landauer, the Company’s joint venture in Japan, experiencing increased revenue in support of the Japanese nuclear disaster and a reduction in product costs as a result of manufacturing efficiencies in its state of the art manufacturing facility which began operating in April 2010.
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The effective tax rate was 31.4% and 33.0% for fiscal 2011 and 2010, respectively. The decrease in effective tax rate was due primarily to the reduction of nondeductible acquisition costs as compared to fiscal 2010 and an increased research and development credit in fiscal 2011.
Net income for the twelve months ended September 30, 2011 was $24.5 million, an increase of $0.8 million, or 3.6%, compared with $23.7 million for the twelve months ended September 30, 2010. The resulting diluted earnings per share for fiscal 2011 were $2.58 compared with $2.52 for fiscal 2010.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) were $44.4 million, a $2.0 million or 4.8% increase, compared with $42.4 million for the prior fiscal year. The increase is due primarily to a $0.8 million increase in net income and a $1.3 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2011. A reconciliation of net income to EBITDA is included under Item 8 herein.
The following is a discussion of the Company’s segment operating results.
Radiation Monitoring
Radiation Monitoring revenue for fiscal 2011 declined 0.5%, or $0.5 million to $99.9 million. Of the decline, $1.6 million is due to the change in the supply relationship between Landauer and Nagase-Landauer, the Company’s unconsolidated joint venture in Japan. Fiscal 2010 revenue included sales to Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. of $2.5 million for badges and services to support its fiscal 2010 transition of the Japanese service market from the Luxel badge to a next generation badge based upon the InLight platform. With the completion of the transition in the third fiscal quarter of 2010, the joint venture only purchases service badges to support service business growth. The historical Luxel badge revenues were partially replaced by a royalty arrangement, resulting in no corresponding impact on net income. Without the Nagase-Landauer impact, domestic Radiation Monitoring revenue declined 3.3%, or $2.4 million, driven by lower non-recurring InLight equipment sales, primarily to the Canadian government agency responsible for occupational monitoring and radiation emergency preparedness for the citizens of Canada. International Radiation Monitoring revenue increased 13.9%, or $3.6 million, on $2.2 million of organic growth in most regions and $1.6 million from the strengthening of most foreign currencies against the dollar.
Radiation Monitoring gross margin for the twelve months ended September 30, 2011 increased to 68.2% from 66.3% a year ago, primarily due to the decline in lower margin sales to Nagase-Landauer. Selling, general and administrative costs in the Radiation Monitoring segment for fiscal 2011 increased 8.0%, or $2.3 million, to $31.2 million. The increase is due primarily to an additional $0.2 million of costs to replace the Company’s IT systems and related depreciation, $1.0 million of increased international spending to support international revenue growth and $0.5 million from the strengthening of most foreign currencies against the dollar. Acquisition and reorganization costs for fiscal 2011 decreased 26.6%, or $0.5 million, to $1.5 million compared to $2.0 million in fiscal 2010. Radiation Monitoring operating income, inclusive of the impact of acquisition related transaction and reorganization costs, for the twelve months ended September 30, 2011 decreased 0.5%, or $0.2 million, to $35.4 million compared with operating income of $35.6 million for fiscal 2010.
Medical Physics
Medical Physics revenue for 2011 increased 46.7%, or $6.6 million, to $20.6 million on $3.2 million of organic growth and $3.4 million due to the impact of acquired companies. Medical Physics gross margin declined to 23.7% from 24.3% in the year ago period due to divestiture of the certain higher margin business in the first fiscal quarter of 2011, and due to non-recurring expense in fiscal 2011 for workforce realignment, partially offset by improved operating efficiencies in the core Medical Physics business. Selling, general and administrative costs in the Medical Physics segment for fiscal 2011 increased 24.0%, or $1.1 million, to $5.4 million. The increase is due to the impact of acquired companies and costs to support organic growth. Medical Physics operating loss was $0.5 million for fiscal 2011, compared with operating loss of $0.9 million for fiscal 2010.
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Comparison of the Twelve Months Ended September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009
Revenues for fiscal 2010 were $114.4 million, an increase of $20.5 million, or 21.9% compared with revenues of $93.8 million for fiscal 2009. The increase in revenue was driven by the contribution from the Medical Physics segment of $14.0 million and growth in the Radiation Monitoring segment of $6.5 million. Within Radiation Monitoring, domestic revenue increased $0.3 million, with growth in InLight equipment revenue of $1.2 million offset by reduced demand of $0.5 million in the Homebuyer’s radon monitoring business due to the weakness in the housing market and declines of $0.5 million in occupational monitoring services driven by the impact of the economy. International revenue growth was $6.2 million, or 25.8%, driven by the contributions from GDM and PDM of $4.3 million, organic growth in most regions of $1.1 million, and the impact of the strengthening of most foreign currencies against the dollar of $0.8 million.
The domestic InLight equipment revenue included sales to the Canadian government agency responsible for occupational monitoring and radiation emergency preparedness for the citizens of Canada. In March 2009, the Company executed a multi-year contract valued at approximately $8.0 million, which represents an estimate of purchases over the contract term, with commitments to be established annually, subject to annual funding by the Canadian government. During fiscal 2010, the Company recognized revenue of $3.1 million under the agreement, compared with $2.7 million during fiscal 2009.
Radiation Monitoring revenue included sales of $2.5 million and $2.2 million in fiscal 2010 and 2009, respectively, to Nagase-Landauer, Ltd., the Company’s unconsolidated joint venture in Japan, of badges and services to support its fiscal 2010 transition of the Japanese service market from the Luxel badge to a next generation badge based upon the InLight platform. With the completion of the transition in the third fiscal quarter of 2010, the venture no longer purchases service badges. The historical Luxel badge revenues were partially replaced by a royalty arrangement, resulting in no corresponding impact on net income.
Total cost of sales for fiscal 2010 was $44.5 million, an increase of $13.7 million, or 44.6%, compared with cost of sales of $30.8 million for fiscal 2009. The addition of the Medical Physics segment contributed $10.6 million of the increase in cost of sales. Radiation Monitoring contributed $3.1 million of the increase in cost of sales primarily due to the addition of GDM and PDM. Gross margins for fiscal 2010 were 61.1% of revenues, compared with 67.2% in fiscal 2009. The decline in gross margin rate is primarily a result of revenue mix due to the increased contribution of lower margin Medical Physics revenue, which had a gross margin of 24.3%.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for fiscal 2010 were $33.2 million, an increase of $5.3 million or 19.1%, compared with selling, general and administrative expenses of $27.9 million for fiscal 2009. The increase in selling, general and administrative costs was driven by the addition of the Medical Physics segment of $4.3 million, and $1.0 million increase in the Radiation Monitoring segment.The primary factors contributing to the increase in selling, general and administrative expense for the Radiation Monitoring segment include: $1.6 million increase in international spending due to the contribution of acquired companies, GDM and PDM, and the impact of the strengthening of most foreign currencies against the dollar, and $0.2 million of increased expense spending to replace the Company’s information technology systems that support customer relationship management and the order-to-cash cycle, offset by reduced incentive compensation.
In conjunction with the acquisitions completed during fiscal 2010, the Company incurred $2.0 million ($1.6 million, after-tax) of acquisition related transaction and reorganization costs. The transaction costs of approximately $1.5 million were primarily for professional fees with accounting, financial, legal and tax advisors to support the due diligence, transaction structure and accounting for the acquisitions. In addition, the charges included $0.5 million in reorganization costs for severance to support changes in selected roles within the GPS organization.
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On February 5, 2009, the Board of Directors approved changes to the Company's retirement benefit plans to transition from a defined benefit philosophy for retirement benefits to a defined contribution approach. The Company anticipates that the redesign of its retirement plans will result in future cost savings while offering market based retirement benefits to its employees. As a result of the changes, the Company recognized $2.2 million ($1.5 million after-tax) of non-recurring pension curtailment and transition costs during fiscal 2009. Further details are contained under the footnote "Net Defined Benefit Plan Curtailment Loss and Transition Costs" in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, the Company initiated a management reorganization plan to strengthen selected roles within the organization. As a result, the Company recognized $0.4 million ($0.3 million after-tax) of non-recurring reorganization charges during fiscal 2009.
Operating income for fiscal 2010 was $34.6 million, an increase of $2.1 million, or 6.5%, compared with operating income of $32.5 million for fiscal 2009. For fiscal 2010, the Medical Physics segment had an operating loss of $0.9 million, and the Radiation Monitoring segment had operating income of $35.5 million.
Net other income, including equity in income of joint venture, for fiscal 2010 was $1.4 million, a decrease of $0.8 million, or 36.5%, compared with net other income of $2.2 million for fiscal 2009. The decrease in net other income was due to increased interest expense on outstanding borrowings to support the acquisitions completed during fiscal 2010 and a decline in recognized foreign currency gains.
The effective tax rate was 33.0% and 31.9% in fiscal 2010 and 2009, respectively. The fiscal 2010 effective tax rate increased primarily due to the nondeductibility of certain acquisition costs and the elimination of certain tax credits realized in fiscal 2009.
Net income for the 2010 fiscal year was $23.7 million, an increase of 1.3%, compared with net income of $23.4 million for fiscal 2009, with resulting diluted earnings per share for the current fiscal year of $2.52, compared with $2.49 reported for fiscal 2009.
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) for fiscal 2010 were $42.4 million, a 6.8% increase compared with $39.7 million reported for fiscal 2009. A reconciliation of net income to EBITDA is included below.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
Revenues for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 were $30.5 million, an increase of $1.4 million, or 5.0% compared with revenues of $29.1 million for the same quarter in fiscal 2010. The increase was contributed by the Medical Physics segment.
Cost of sales for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 was $12.7 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 3.5%, compared with cost of sales of $12.3 million for the same quarter in fiscal 2010. The Medical Physics segment contributed an increase of $1.1 million, while the Radiation Monitoring segment decreased $0.6 million. Gross margins were 58.3% for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011, compared with 57.6% for the same period in fiscal 2010.
Selling, general and administrative costs for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 were $9.5 million, an increase of $0.6 million, or 6.3%, compared with the $8.9 million reported for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. The increase of $0.6 million occurred in the Radiation Monitoring segment.
Operating income for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 was $7.0 million, a decline of $0.5 million, or 5.9%, compared with operating income of $7.5 million for the same quarter in fiscal 2010. For the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011, the Medical Physics segment had operating income of $0.1 million, an increase of $0.4 million, compared to an operating loss of $0.3 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. The Radiation Monitoring segment had operating income for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 of $6.9 million, a decrease of $0.9 million, or 11.4%, compared to $7.8 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010.
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Net other income, including equity in income of joint ventures, for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 was $0.2 million compared to $0.3 million in the prior year quarter.
The effective tax rate for the fourth fiscal quarter of fiscal 2011 and 2010 was 25.3% and 39.7%, respectively. The decrease in effective tax rate was due primarily to the reduction in the Company’s state taxes and the allowance of certain tax credits that had been previously disallowed.
Net income for the fourth fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2011 was $5.2 million, an increase of $0.6 million, or 13.8%, compared with $4.6 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. The resulting diluted earnings per share for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 were $0.54 compared with $0.48 for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010.
The following is a discussion of the Company’s segment operating results.
Radiation Monitoring
Radiation Monitoring revenue for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 was $24.6 million, which was the same as for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. Domestic Radiation Monitoring revenue decreased 5.6%, or $1.0 million, and international Radiation Monitoring revenue increased 16.8%, or $1.0 million.
Radiation Monitoring gross margin for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 increased to 66.2% from 63.7% in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. Selling, general and administrative costs in the Radiation Monitoring segment for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 increased 8.0%, or $0.6 million, to $8.1 million. The increase is due primarily to an additional $0.7 million of bonus expense and $0.2 million of additional costs to support international growth, partially offset by declines in other miscellaneous expenses. Acquisition and reorganization costs for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 increased by $0.9 million to $1.3 million, compared to $0.4 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010. Radiation Monitoring operating income, inclusive of the impact of acquisition related transaction and reorganization costs, for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 decreased 11.4%, or $0.9 million, to $6.9 million compared with operating income of $7.8 million for the same period in fiscal 2010.
Medical Physics
Medical Physics revenue for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 increased 32.6%, or $1.5 million from the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010, to $6.0 million on $0.9 million of organic growth and $0.6 million due to the impact of acquired companies. Medical Physics gross margin increased to 25.3% from 24.4% in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010 due to elimination of a non-recurring operating loss within certain Medical Physics business in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010 prior to divestiture of the business in the first fiscal quarter of 2011, as well as improved operating efficiencies in the therapy physics business. Selling, general and administrative costs in the Medical Physics segment of $1.4 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 were comparable to costs for the same period in fiscal 2010. Medical Physics operating income for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 was $0.1 million, an increase of $0.4 million, compared to an operating loss of $0.3 million for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010.
Fiscal 2012 Outlook
Landauer’s business plan for fiscal 2012 currently anticipates aggregate revenue for the year to be in the range of $150 to $157 million, which includes 10 months of contributions from the recent IZI Medical Products acquisition. The business plan also anticipates:
| • | $4.4 million ($2.9 million net of tax) of non-recurring expense spending to support the successful completion of the Company’s systems initiative and the related post implementation support. |
| • | Incremental depreciation and amortization over fiscal 2011 of $1.8 million ($1.2 million net of tax) related to the deployment of the final phase of the Company’s systems initiative in the third fiscal quarter of fiscal 2012. |
| • | The accretive impact of the November 2011 acquisition of IZI Medical Products producing $1.1 million to $1.5 million of net income for the 10 months included in fiscal 2012. |
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Based upon the above assumptions, the Company anticipates reported net income for fiscal 2012 in the range of $21 to $23 million and EBITDA in the range of $49 to $51 million. In addition to the $5 to $7 million increase in EBITDA expected for fiscal 2012, the Company will begin to receive an annual cash benefit of approximately $2 million as a result of the structure of the acquisition of IZI Medical Products in November 2011.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company’s cash increased $0.3 million during fiscal 2011 to end the year with $7.9 million in cash on hand. The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and funds available under its U.S. Bank facility, up to its termination in November 2011, when it was replaced by a facility with BMO Harris. No early termination penalties were incurred by Landauer in connection with the termination of the credit agreement with U.S. Bank. Further information regarding the changes to the Company’s credit facilities is presented under the footnote “Subsequent Events” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2011 were $31.2 million, an increase of $5.0 million, or 18.9%, from fiscal 2010. The increase in operating cash flow was driven primarily by the increase in deferred contract revenue and changes in the other components of working capital.
Cash used by investing activities for fiscal 2011 included $2.8 million for the establishment of a radiation monitoring unconsolidated joint venture in Turkey and the acquisition of three imaging physics practices, compared to $32.0 million used in the same period in fiscal 2010 for the Company’s acquisitions, as described under the footnote “Business Combinations” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Investing activities during fiscal 2011 also included $1.6 million for the purchase of trading securities and net earnings thereon, primarily related to the Company’s funding of its deferred compensation program in a Rabbi Trust arrangement. The Company’s acquisitions of property, plant and equipment during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $12.9 million, $16.0 million and $9.1 million, respectively.
Included in the acquisitions of property, plant and equipment were costs of $9.8 million, $11.0 million and $5.9 million in fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, for the Company’s initiative to replace various business processes and replace components of its information technology systems that support customer relationship management and the order-to-cash cycle. The total project cost is estimated currently to be approximately $52.0 million to $54.0 million, of which the majority of cost has been incurred by the end of fiscal 2011. However, as the Company is currently completing an evaluation of anticipated future costs, these amounts may change. Once fully operational, the new systems will require ongoing maintenance expenditures at levels higher than the Company has traditionally experienced. The project consists of three phases, of which two phases were implemented in fiscal 2011. Total capital expenditures for fiscal 2012 are expected to be approximately $8.0 million to $10.0 million, including approximately $5.5 million to $6.0 million for the project to replace the Company’s information systems. The Company anticipates that funds for these capital improvements will be provided from operations.
The Company’s financing activities were comprised primarily of net borrowings on the Company’s U.S. Bank credit facility and payments of cash dividends to shareholders. During fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company paid cash dividends of $20.6 million, $20.1 million and $19.4 million, respectively. Such amounts were provided from operations.
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In connection with its fiscal 2010 first quarter acquisitions, the Company borrowed $18.0 million under its credit agreement with U.S. Bank, originally dated October 5, 2007. As described under the footnote, “Credit Facility” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company executed its first amendment to the credit agreement in June 2009 and its second amendment in February 2010. Effective October 31, 2010, the Company executed a third amendment to its loan agreement. The third amendment, among other changes, increased the aggregate amount of funds available to the Company to $50.0 million subject, with respect to amounts borrowed in excess of $25.0 million, to a borrowing base test; extended the maturity date to October 31, 2013; modified the manner in which the interest rate on outstanding amounts would be determined; and extended the applicable date of the prepayment penalty such that the penalty would be due if the Company should voluntarily terminate the facility prior to October 31, 2011. At September 30, 2011 the applicable interest rate was 2.412% per annum.
Under the terms of the first amendment to the U.S. Bank credit agreement, the Company was required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio as of the end of each calendar quarter of not less than 1.35 to 1.00, and a funded debt to EBITDA ratio less than or equal to 1.5 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2011, the fixed charge coverage ratio and the funded debt to earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization ratio were approximately 9.66 and 0.54, respectively, and the Company was in compliance with the covenants contained in the credit agreement. As of September 30, 2011, the debt was classified as a current liability as the agreement with U.S. Bank contained a subjective acceleration clause as well as a Company elected arrangement which provided for automatic draws or pay downs on the credit facility on a daily basis after taking into account operating cash needs. As ofSeptember 30,2011, the Company had borrowings of $19.8 million outstanding under the credit facility with U.S. Bank.
Cash paid for interest on the borrowings under the credit facility with U.S. Bank for the years ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $0.4 million each year. Cash paid for interest in fiscal 2009 was insignificant. Cash paid for income taxes was $8.3 million, $8.7 million and $7.5 million in fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
In connection with its acquisition of IZI in November 2011, the Company terminated the agreement between Landauer and U.S. Bank. On November 14, 2011, Landauer entered into a five-year revolving credit agreement with BMO Harris Bank N.A. (“BMO Harris”) as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and PNC Bank, National Association as syndication agent (“PNC Bank”), pursuant to which, the Company has been provided a senior secured reducing revolving credit facility of up to $175 million plus an additional $25 million post-closing accordion feature. Landauer borrowed $132.9 million under the new credit facility to finance the IZI acquisition, to refinance existing indebtedness and to fund certain fees and expenses associated with the closing of the new credit facility.
The credit facility will mature on November 14, 2016, and will be secured by a first-priority perfected security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of Landauer and its existing and future material domestic subsidiaries, including a pledge of 100% of the stock of each domestic subsidiary and a pledge of 66% of the stock of each first-tier foreign subsidiary.
Borrowings under the credit facility will bear interest, at Landauer’s option, at a rate equal to either (a) the rate per annum for deposits in U.S. Dollars as reflected on the Reuters Screen LIBOR01 as of 11:00 a.m. (London, England time) for the interest period relevant to such borrowing (adjusted for any statutory reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities) plus the applicable margin (the “LIBO Rate”) or (b) the greatest of (i) the federal funds rate for the borrowing day plus 0.5%, (ii) the prime rate in effect on the borrowing day and (iii) the LIBO Rate for deposits in dollars for a one month interest period on the borrowing day plus 1.0%, plus the applicable margin.
Loans under the credit facility may be prepaid at any time without penalty with same-day written notice, subject to, in the case of loans bearing interest on the LIBO Rate, payment of customary breakage costs for prepayments made prior to the last day of the applicable interest period.
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The new credit agreement includes customary covenants for facilities of this type, including limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments and acquisitions, loans and advances, mergers and consolidations, sales of assets, and dividends, stock repurchases and other restricted payments.
In addition, the new credit agreement requires that Landauer maintain a minimum net worth at all times of $65 million, maintain a maximum leverage ratio ranging between 3.00 to 1.00 and 2.50 to 1.00 as applicable for each fiscal quarter and maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio ranging between 1.15 to 1.00 and 1.35 to 1.00 as applicable for each fiscal quarter.
The new credit agreement also includes customary events of default, including but not limited to failure to pay any principal when due or any interest, fees or other amounts within three business days when due, default under any covenant or any agreement in any loan document, cross-default with other debt agreements, bankruptcy and change of control.
Landauer requires limited working capital for its operations since many of its customers pay for services in advance. Such advance payments, reflected on the balance sheets as “Deferred Contract Revenue”, amounted to $14.7 million and $14.3 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2011 and 2010. While these amounts represent approximately 25.4% and 28.9% of current liabilities, respectively, as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, such amounts do not represent a cash obligation.
Landauer offers radiation monitoring services in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Japan, Mexico, Sweden, Turkey and the United Kingdom. The Company’s operations in these markets generally do not depend on significant capital resources. The Company has sufficient cash and cash equivalents available for use in the U.S. to fund current operations without drawing on the permanently reinvested funds held by its foreign operations.
The Company is exposed to market risk, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The financial statements of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the U.S. dollar as the reporting currency. The market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates has historically been immaterial in relation to the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
In the opinion of management, cash flows from operations and the Company’s borrowing capacity under its credit facility are adequate for projected operations and capital spending programs, as well as the continuation of the regular cash dividend program. From time to time, the Company may have the opportunity to make investments for acquisitions or other purposes, and borrowings can be made under the current credit facility to fund such investments.
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In evaluating the Company’s financial performance and outlook, management uses EBITDA. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization is a non-GAAP measure. Management believes that such measure supplements evaluations using operating income, net income, and diluted earnings per share and other GAAP measures, and is a useful indicator for investors. This indicator can help readers gain a meaningful understanding of the Company’s core operating results and future prospects without the effect of non-cash or other one-time items and the Company’s ability to generate cash flows from operations that are available for taxes, capital expenditures, and debt repayment. Investors should recognize that these non-GAAP measures might not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. These measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, any measure of performance, cash flows or liquidity prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
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The following table reconciles net income to EBITDA:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | $ | 24,538 | $ | 23,674 | $ | 23,366 | |||
| Add back: | |||||||||
| Interest and other expense (income) | 339 | 105 | (624) | ||||||
| Income taxes | 11,527 | 11,893 | 11,071 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7,991 | 6,681 | 5,845 | ||||||
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization | $ | 44,395 | $ | 42,353 | $ | 39,658 | |||
Contractual Obligations
As of September 30, 2011, the expected resources required for scheduled payment of contractual obligations were as follows:
| Schedules payments by fiscal year | |||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Total | 2012 | 2013-14 | 2015-16 | Thereafter | ||||||||||
| Capital leases | $ | 210 | $ | 71 | $ | 139 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||
| Operating leases | 2,648 | 584 | 791 | 479 | 794 | ||||||||||
| Purchase obligations(1) | 16,917 | 16,678 | 239 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Dividends(2) | 5,301 | 5,301 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Pension and postretirement benefits(3) | 3,736 | 360 | 764 | 727 | 1,885 | ||||||||||
| Revolving credit facility(4) | 19,805 | 0 | 19,805 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
| Total obligations | $ | 48,617 | $ | 22,994 | $ | 21,738 | $ | 1,206 | $ | 2,679 | |||||
| (1) | Includes accounts payable and other agreements to purchase goods or services including open purchase orders; also includes remaining contractual obligations associated with the Company’s information systems upgrade. |
| (2) | Cash dividends in the amount of $0.55 per share were declared on August 26, 2011. |
| (3) | Includes estimated future benefit payments for supplemental key executive retirement plans and a terminated retirement plan that provides certain retirement benefits payable to non-employee directors. The amounts are actuarially determined, which includes the use of assumptions, and may vary significantly from expectations. |
| (4) | Includes only principal payments at maturity of credit facility on October 31, 2013. Excludes interest payments and fees related to the revolving credit facility due to variability with respect to the timing of advances and repayments. The debt is classified as current as the agreement contains a subjective acceleration clause as well as a Company elected arrangement which provides for automatic draws or pay downs on the credit facility on a daily basis after taking into account operating cash needs. |
The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the ultimate timing of the payments or the amount by which its gross unrecognized tax benefits of $0.8 million will be settled. Therefore, the liability is excluded from the preceding table. Further information regarding the Company’s income taxes is contained under the footnote “Income Taxes” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued updated accounting guidance to improve comparability in fair value measurement and disclosure between U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and International Financial Reporting Standards. The standards update includes changes to the wording used to describe many of the requirements in GAAP for measuring fair value and changes to the disclosure of information about fair value measurements. This guidance is effective for the Company in the second quarter of fiscal 2012. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
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In June 2011, the FASB issued new guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. The guidance, which is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements, eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of changes in equity and instead requires presentation in one continuous statement or two separate but consecutive statements. This guidance, which must be applied retrospectively, is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The new guidance impacts only the format of financial statement presentation and, therefore upon adoption, will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB approved amended guidance for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The guidance requires an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether a company’s variable interest gives it a controlling financial interest in a VIE. A company is required to assess whether it has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. In addition, on-going reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE and additional disclosures about an enterprise’s involvement in VIEs are required. The adoption of this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB approved the issuance of new guidance for arrangements with multiple deliverables and arrangements that include software elements. By providing another alternative for determining the selling price of deliverables, the new guidance allows companies to allocate arrangement consideration in multiple deliverable arrangements in a manner that better reflects the transaction's economics and often results in earlier revenue recognition. In addition, the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration is no longer permitted under the new guidance. The new guidance for arrangements that include software elements removes non-software components of tangible products and certain software components of tangible products from the scope of existing software revenue guidance, resulting in the recognition of revenue similar to that for other tangible products. The new guidance requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The adoption of this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued amendments to its goodwill impairment guidance. The amendments provide an option for entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless it determines, based on the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted the amendments in connection with the performance of its annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2011.
Inflation
The Company strives to reflect the inflationary impact of materials, labor and other operating costs and expenses in its prices. The market for the services and products that the Company offers, however, is highly competitive, and in some cases has limited the ability of the Company to offset inflationary cost increases.
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Forward-Looking Statements
Certain matters contained in this report, including the information contained under the heading “Fiscal 2012 Outlook” in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, constitute forward-looking statements that are based on certain assumptions and involve certain risks and uncertainties. These include the following, without limitation: assumptions, risks and uncertainties associated with IZI Medical Products’ future performance, the Company’s development and introduction of new technologies in general; the ability to protect and utilize the Company’s intellectual property; continued customer acceptance of the InLight technology; the adaptability of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) technology to new platforms and formats; military and other government funding for the purchase of certain of the Company’s equipment and services; the impact on sales and pricing of certain customer group purchasing arrangements; changes in spending or reimbursement for medical products or services; the costs associated with the Company’s research and business development efforts; the usefulness of older technologies and related licenses and intellectual property; the effectiveness of and costs associated with the Company’s IT platform enhancements; the anticipated results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries or ventures; valuation of the Company’s long-lived assets or business units relative to future cash flows; changes in pricing of products and services; changes in postal and delivery practices; the Company’s business plans; anticipated revenue and cost growth; the ability to integrate the operations of acquired businesses and to realize the expected benefits of acquisitions; the risks associated with conducting business internationally; costs incurred for potential acquisitions or similar transactions; other anticipated financial events; the effects of changing economic and competitive conditions, including instability in capital markets which could impact availability of short and long-term financing; the timing and extent of changes in interest rates; the level of borrowings; foreign exchange rates; government regulations; accreditation requirements; changes in the trading market that affect the cost of obligations under the Company’s benefit plans; and pending accounting pronouncements. These assumptions may not materialize to the extent assumed, and risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to be different from what is anticipated today. These risks and uncertainties also may result in changes to the Company’s business plans and prospects, and could create the need from time to time to write down the value of assets or otherwise cause the Company to incur unanticipated expenses. Additional information may be obtained by reviewing the information set forth in Item 1A “Risk Factors” and Item 7A “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” and information contained in the Company’s reports filed, from time to time, with the SEC. The Company does not undertake, and expressly disclaims, any duty to update any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or changes in the Company’s expectations, except as required by law.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires that management make assumptions and estimates that affect the results of operations and the amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the financial statements as well as related disclosures. Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayal of a company’s financial condition and results, and that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Below are the critical accounting policies which have been applied in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements and accompanying notes.
Revenue Recognition and Deferred Contract Revenue
The source of Radiation Monitoring segment revenues for the Company is radiation measuring and monitoring services including other services incidental to measuring and monitoring. The measuring and monitoring services provided by the Company to its customers are of a subscription nature and are continuous. The Company views its business in the Radiation Monitoring segment as services provided to customers over a period of time and the wear period is the period over which those services are provided. Badge production, wearing of badges, badge analysis, and report preparation are integral to the benefit that the Company provides to its customers. These services are provided to customers on an agreed-upon recurring basis (monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually) that the customer chooses for the wear period. Revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis, adjusted for changes in pricing and volume, over the wear period as the service is continuous and no other discernible pattern of recognition is evident. Revenues are recognized over the periods in which the customers wear the badges irrespective of whether invoiced in advance or in arrears.
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The Company, through its Medical Physics segment, offers full scope medical physics services to hospitals and radiation therapy centers. Services offered include, but are not limited to, clinical physics support in radiation oncology, commissioning services, special projects support and imaging physics services. Delivery of the medical physics services can be of a contracted, recurring nature or as a discrete project with a defined service outcome. Recurring services often are provided on the customer's premises by a full-time employee or fraction of a full-time employee. These services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the life of the contract. Fee for service projects’ revenue is recognized when the service is delivered.
Contracted services are billed on an agreed-upon recurring basis, either in advance or arrears of the service being delivered. Customers may be billed monthly, quarterly, or at some other regular interval over the contracted period. The amounts recorded as deferred revenue represent invoiced amounts in advance of delivery of the service. Management believes that the amount of deferred contract revenue fairly represents remaining business activity with customers invoiced in advance. Fee for service revenue is typically associated with much shorter contract periods, or with discrete individual projects. Invoicing is usually done after completion of the project and customer acceptance thereof.
The amounts recorded as deferred contract revenue in the consolidated balance sheets represent invoiced amounts in advance of delivery of the service, and are net of services rendered through the respective consolidated balance sheet date. Such advance billings amounted to $14.7 million and $14.3 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2011 and 2010.
Property, Plant & Equipment and Other Assets
Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and renewals and betterments are capitalized. Plant and equipment and other assets, primarily dosimetry badges, are recorded at cost and are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives, which are primarily 30 years for buildings, three to eight years for equipment, five to eight years for internal software and thirty months to eight years for other assets. The Company assesses the carrying value and the remaining useful lives of its property, plant, equipment, and other assets when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the estimated useful life may no longer be appropriate. Factors that could trigger this review include competitive conditions, government regulations and technological changes.
The Company capitalizes costs of software which is acquired, internally developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal needs. In accordance with FASB authoritative guidance, internal and external costs incurred to develop internal-use computer software during the application development stage are capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage as well as training costs and maintenance costs during the postimplementation-operation stage are expensed. Capitalized costs of software amounted to $9.8 million, $10.9 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009. In fiscal 2011, all of the capitalized software costs were related to the Company’s initiative to replace various business processes and replace components of its information technology systems that support customer relationship management and the order-to-cash cycle.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The Company’s intangible assets include purchased customer lists, licenses, patents, trademarks, tradenames and goodwill. Purchased customer lists are recorded at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives, which range from 10 to 15 years. Patents and licenses are also recorded at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives, which range from 10 to 20 years. The Company acquired goodwill primarily from its acquisitions of Landauer-Europe, SAPRA-Landauer and GPS as well as other smaller investments. Goodwill as well as trademarks and tradenames have indefinite lives.
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FASB authoritative guidance requires that goodwill and certain intangible assets with indefinite lives be reviewed periodically for impairment.Reporting units are business components one level below the operating segment level for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed by segment management. Per guidance, two or more components of an operating segment should be aggregated and deemed a single reporting unit if the components have similar economic characteristics and are economically interdependent, among other factors. As a result of this aggregation, the Company has two reporting units, Radiation Monitoring and Medical Physics. The Company performs an impairment test for each of its reporting units with goodwill annually and, forgoodwill and other intangible assets that are not being amortized, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable.Triggering events include, but are not limited to, a current-period operating or cash flow loss; a product, technology, or service introduced by a competitor; or a loss of key personnel. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, the Company performs a financial analysis of future undiscounted cash flows projections by asset or asset group.
In September 2011, the FASB amended its guidance for testing goodwill for impairment. Under the amended guidance, an entity is permitted to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in the guidance. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. Previously, FASB guidance outlined a two step process for determining the impairment of goodwill. In the first step, the fair value of a reporting unit is compared to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value is in excess of carrying value, the goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired, thus the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the goodwill impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss. The testing process is conducted on a disaggregated basis, at the reporting unit level.
The Company early adopted the amended guidance at September 30, 2011. Landauer first assessed qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting units is less than the carrying amounts. In making its determination, the Company considered the following factors, events and circumstances: macroeconomic conditions; industry and market considerations; cost factors; overall financial performance; other relevant entity-specific events; events affecting a reporting unit; and any sustained decrease in share price. The Company performed the qualitative analysis for each of its individual reporting units, Radiation Monitoring and Medical Physics.
As a result of its qualitative analysis, the Company determined that it is not likely that the fair value of either the Radiation Monitoring reporting unit or the Medical Physics reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, indicating that goodwill is not impaired. Based on amended guidance, the Company was not required to calculate the fair value of the reporting units, and no further testing was performed.
To the extent subsequent events arise, market conditions change or the Company's strategies change, it is possible that the conclusion regarding whether the Company's goodwill is impaired could change and result in future goodwill impairment charges that will have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or results of operations. Information regarding the value of goodwill and other intangible assets is presented under the footnote “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Income Taxes
The Company estimates the income tax provision for income taxes that are currently payable, and records deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences in tax consequences between the financial statements and tax returns. Temporary differences result from, among other events, revenues, expenses, gains, or losses that are included in taxable income of an earlier or later year than the year in which they are recognized in financial income. These deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. To the extent that deferred tax assets will not likely be recovered from future taxable income, a valuation allowance is established against such deferred tax assets.
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Management exercises significant judgment in the valuation of its current and deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company recognizes the financial statement effects of its tax positions in its current and deferred tax assets and liabilities when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. Management considers, among other factors, the Company’s current and past performance, the market environment in which the Company operates, and tax planning strategies. Further, the Company provides for income tax issues not yet resolved with federal, state and local tax authorities. The Company assesses and updates its tax positions when significant changes in circumstances, which would cause a change in judgment about the likelihood of realizing the deferred items, occur. Variations in the actual outcome of these future tax consequences could materially impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Further information regarding the Company’s income taxes is contained under the footnote “Income Taxes” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The pension expenses and benefit obligations recorded for the Company’s defined benefit plans are dependent on actuarial assumptions. These assumptions include discount rates, expected return on plan assets, interest costs, expected compensation increases, benefits earned, mortality rates, and other factors. Management reviews the plan assumptions on an annual basis to ensure that the most current, relevant information is considered. If actual results vary considerably from those that are expected or if future changes are made to these assumptions, the amounts recognized for these plans could change significantly.
The weighted-average assumed discount rates used to determine plan expenses were 5.08% for both pension and other benefits in fiscal 2011 and 5.59% for both pension and other benefits in fiscal 2010. For fiscal 2011 expense, the long-term rate of return of plan assets was 6.50%, unchanged from fiscal 2010. In establishing the rate, management considered the historical rates of return and the current and planned asset classes of the plan investment portfolio. The weighted-average discount rate used to determine benefit obligations at September 30, 2011 was 4.60% compared to the September 30, 2010 rate of 5.08%, adjusted to reflect the single rate that, when applied to the projected benefit disbursements from the plan, would result in the same discounted value as the array of rates that make up the Citigroup Pension Discount Curve as of September 30. The rate of compensation increase was not relevant to the plans in fiscal 2011 and 2010 due to the plan freeze which occurred in fiscal 2009.
The Company recognizes on its balance sheet the amount by which the projected benefit obligations of its defined benefit plans exceed the fair value of plan assets. Subsequent changes in the funded status of the plans as a result of future transactions and events, amortization of previously unrecognized costs, and changes to actuarial assumptions are recognized as an asset or a liability and amortized as components of net periodic pension cost or accumulated other comprehensive income. An increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside of management’s control could have a material effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. Information regarding these plans is contained under the footnote “Employee Benefit Plans” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures and recognizes compensation cost at fair value for all stock-based awards, net of the estimated impact of forfeited awards. The Company granted stock options in years prior to fiscal 2006. The fair values of options were estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. In addition to stock options, key employees and/or non-employee directors are eligible to receive performance shares and restricted stock. The fair value of performance shares and restricted stock granted under the Company’s 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan was based on the average of the Company’s high and low stock prices on the date of grant. Upon the adoption of the Company’s Incentive Compensation Plan in February 2008, the fair value of performance shares and restricted stock granted under the new plan is based on the Company’s closing stock price on the grant date. The terms of performance share awards allow the recipients of such awards to earn a variable number of shares based on the achievement of the performance goals specified in the awards. Stock-based compensation expense associated with performance share awards is recognized based on management’s best estimates of the achievement of the performance goals specified in such awards and the resulting number of shares that are expected to be earned. The Company evaluates on a quarterly basis the progress towards achieving the performance criteria. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of performance share awards expected to be earned is recognized as compensation cost or as a reduction of cost in the period of the revised estimate. Compensation expense for restricted stock is recognized ratably over the vesting period.
Forfeitures of awards are estimated at the time of grant and stock-based compensation cost is recognized only for those awards expected to vest. The Company uses historical experience to estimate projected forfeitures. The Company recognizes the cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the forfeiture rate, or actual forfeitures, as compensation cost or as a reduction of cost in the period of the revision. If revisions are made to management’s assumptions and estimates or if actual results vary considerably from those that are expected, stock-based compensation expense could change significantly, impacting the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. Further information regarding the Company’s stock-based awards is presented under the footnote “Stock-Based Compensation” in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company is exposed to market risk, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The financial statements of the Company’s international subsidiaries are remeasured into U.S. dollars using the U.S. dollar as the reporting currency. To date, the market risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates has not been material in relation to the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. These risks could increase, however, as the Company expands in international markets and markets becomes more volatile. The Company estimates that a 10% and 20% adverse change in the underlying foreign currency exchange rates would have decreased reported net income in fiscal 2011 by approximately $650 and $1,200, respectively. Historically, the Company believes that adverse changes in foreign exchange rates have not materially impacted its financial condition.
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
As of September 30,
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||
| ASSETS | ||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,914 | $ | 7,659 | ||
| Receivables, net of allowances of $794 in 2011 and $852 in 2010 | 25,516 | 23,702 | ||||
| Inventories | 8,286 | 6,865 | ||||
| Prepaid income taxes | 4,921 | 5,403 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 4,005 | 2,528 | ||||
| Current assets | 50,642 | 46,157 | ||||
| Property, plant and equipment, at cost: | ||||||
| Land and improvements | 619 | 619 | ||||
| Buildings and improvements | 4,233 | 4,346 | ||||
| Internal software | 49,238 | 39,413 | ||||
| Equipment | 42,708 | 40,928 | ||||
| 96,798 | 85,306 | |||||
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (49,157) | (45,491) | ||||
| Net property, plant and equipment | 47,641 | 39,815 | ||||
| Equity in joint ventures | 10,699 | 8,446 | ||||
| Goodwill | 39,962 | 39,268 | ||||
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $7,355 in 2011 and $5,374 in 2010 | 10,908 | 10,002 | ||||
Dosimetry devices, net of accumulated depreciation of $9,728 in 2011 and $8,894 in 2010 | 5,618 | 5,569 | ||||
| Other assets | 3,186 | 1,439 | ||||
| ASSETS | $ | 168,656 | $ | 150,696 | ||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 5,457 | $ | 7,180 | ||
| Dividends payable | 5,301 | 5,143 | ||||
| Deferred contract revenue | 14,713 | 14,305 | ||||
| Short-term debt | 19,805 | 12,504 | ||||
| Accrued compensation and related costs | 5,607 | 5,923 | ||||
| Other accrued expenses | 7,066 | 4,497 | ||||
| Current liabilities | 57,949 | 49,552 | ||||
| Non-current liabilities: | ||||||
| Pension and postretirement obligations | 14,202 | 10,089 | ||||
| Deferred income taxes | 12,805 | 9,934 | ||||
| Other non-current liabilities | 1,292 | 1,418 | ||||
| Non-current liabilities | 28,299 | 21,441 | ||||
| STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||
| Preferred stock, $.10 par value per share, authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued | 0 | 0 | ||||
Common stock, $.10 par value per share, authorized 20,000,000 shares; 9,462,807 and 9,452,765 issued and outstanding, respectively, in 2011 and 2010 | 946 |
945 | ||||
| Additional paid in capital | 33,791 | 32,688 | ||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (3,129) | (783) | ||||
| Retained earnings | 49,724 | 45,940 | ||||
| Landauer, Inc. stockholders’ equity | 81,332 | 78,790 | ||||
| Noncontrolling interest | 1,076 | 913 | ||||
| Stockholders’ equity | 82,408 | 79,703 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 168,656 | $ | 150,696 | ||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Income
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
For the Years Ended September 30,
| (Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 120,458 | $ | 114,367 | $ | 93,827 | |||
| Costs and expenses: | |||||||||
| Cost of sales | 47,510 | 44,478 | 30,766 | ||||||
| Selling, general, and administrative | 36,576 | 33,224 | 27,891 | ||||||
| Acquisition and reorganization costs | 1,489 | 2,028 | 416 | ||||||
Net defined benefit plan curtailment loss and transition costs | 0 |
0 |
2,236 | ||||||
| 85,575 | 79,730 | 61,309 | |||||||
| Operating income | 34,883 | 34,637 | 32,518 | ||||||
| Equity in income of joint ventures | 2,191 | 1,501 | 1,575 | ||||||
| Other (expense) income, net | (339) | (105) | 624 | ||||||
| Income before taxes | 36,735 | 36,033 | 34,717 | ||||||
| Income taxes | 11,527 | 11,893 | 11,071 | ||||||
| Net income | 25,208 | 24,140 | 23,646 | ||||||
Less: Net income attributed to noncontrolling interest | 670 | 466 | 280 | ||||||
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | $ | 24,538 | $ | 23,674 | $ | 23,366 | |||
Net income per share attributable to Landauer, Inc. shareholders: | |||||||||
| Basic | $ | 2.60 | $ | 2.53 | $ | 2.51 | |||
| Weighted average basic shares outstanding | 9,395 | 9,310 | 9,293 | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | 2.58 | $ | 2.52 | $ | 2.49 | |||
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding | 9,477 | 9,349 | 9,366 | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
and Comprehensive Income
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
| Landauer, Inc. Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | Common Stock Shares | Common Stock | Additional Paid In Capital | Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Income (Loss) | Retained Earnings | Non- controlling Interest | Total Stock- holders’ Equity | Compre- hensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2008 | 9,332,508 | $ | 933 | $ | 28,826 | $ | 289 | $ | 39,707 | $ | 545 | $ | 70,300 | |||||||||
Adoption of new postretirement life insurance arrangements accounting guidance | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (900) | 0 | (900) | |||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation arrangements | 48,590 | 5 | 2,008 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2,013 | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (19,669) | (151) | (19,820) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23,366 | 280 | 23,646 | $ | 23,646 | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,243 | 0 | 19 | 1,262 | 1,262 | ||||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans activity | 0 | 0 | 0 | (2,047) | 0 | 0 | (2,047) | (2,047) | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income | $ | 22,861 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2009 | 9,381,098 | $ | 938 | $ | 30,834 | $ | (515) | $ | 42,504 | $ | 693 | $ | 74,454 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation arrangements | 71,667 | 7 | 1,854 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,861 | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (20,238) | (273) | (20,511) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23,674 | 466 | 24,140 | $ | 24,140 | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 579 | 0 | 27 | 606 | 606 | ||||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans activity | 0 | 0 | 0 | (847) | 0 | 0 | (847) | (847) | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income | $ | 23,899 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2010 | 9,452,765 | $ | 945 | $ | 32,688 | $ | (783) | $ | 45,940 | $ | 913 | $ | 79,703 | |||||||||
Stock-based compensation arrangements | 10,042 | 1 | 1,103 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,104 | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | (20,754) | (340) | (21,094) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24,538 | 670 | 25,208 | $ | 25,208 | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 0 | 0 | 0 | 286 | 0 | (167) | 119 | 119 | ||||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans activity | 0 | 0 | 0 | (2,632) | 0 | 0 | (2,632) | (2,632) | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income | $ | 22,695 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance September 30, 2011 | 9,462,807 | $ | 946 | $ | 33,791 | $ | (3,129) | $ | 49,724 | $ | 1,076 | $ | 82,408 | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
For the Years Ended September 30,
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Cash flows provided by operating activities: | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 25,208 | $ | 24,140 | $ | 23,646 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7,991 | 6,681 | 5,845 | ||||||
| Equity in net income of joint ventures | (2,191) | (1,501) | (1,575) | ||||||
| Dividends from joint ventures | 911 | 1,104 | 1,062 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation and related net tax benefits | 1,998 | 1,802 | 3,013 | ||||||
| Defined benefit plans curtailment loss | 0 | 0 | 1,350 | ||||||
| Current and long-term deferred taxes, net | 1,687 | 4,421 | 2,073 | ||||||
| Increase in accounts receivable, net | (1,855) | (619) | (872) | ||||||
| Decrease (increase) in prepaid taxes | 514 | (1,649) | 3,357 | ||||||
| Increase in dosimetry devices at cost | (1,932) | (2,811) | (1,856) | ||||||
| Other operating assets, net | (1,963) | (1,994) | (1,627) | ||||||
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | (886) | (1,092) | 1,229 | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) in deferred contract revenue | 410 | (2,807) | (59) | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in long-term pension and postretirement obligations | 1,484 | 514 | (4,934) | ||||||
| Other operating liabilities, net | (139) | 85 | (443) | ||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 31,237 | 26,274 | 30,209 | ||||||
| Cash flows used by investing activities: | |||||||||
| Acquisition of property, plant & equipment | (12,923) | (15,978) | (9,126) | ||||||
| Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired | (2,847) | (32,014) | 0 | ||||||
Purchase of and net earnings on investment securities | (1,579) | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Net cash used by investing activities | (17,349) | (47,992) | (9,126) | ||||||
| Cash flows used by financing activities: | |||||||||
| Net borrowings on revolving credit facility | 7,313 | 12,504 | 0 | ||||||
| Dividends paid to stockholders | (20,593) | (20,091) | (19,360) | ||||||
| Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest | (340) | (273) | (151) | ||||||
| Proceeds from the exercise of stock options | 139 | 571 | 590 | ||||||
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation arrangements | 46 | 426 | 228 | ||||||
| Net cash used by financing activities | (13,435) | (6,863) | (18,693) | ||||||
| Effects of foreign currency translation | (198) | (253) | 165 | ||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 255 | (28,834) | 2,555 | ||||||
| Opening balance – cash and cash equivalents | 7,659 | 36,493 | 33,938 | ||||||
| Ending balance – cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7,914 | $ | 7,659 | $ | 36,493 | |||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 436 | $ | 365 | $ | 15 | |||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | 8,286 | $ | 8,746 | $ | 7,515 | |||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| 40 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Landauer, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(Dollars in thousands)
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Landauer, Inc.; its wholly owned subsidiaries: Landauer-Europe, Ltd., HomeBuyer’s Preferred, Inc., Global Physics Solutions, Inc. (“GPS”), Gammadata Mätteknik AB (“GDM”), and Landauer Persondosimetri AB (“PDM”); SAPRA-Landauer, Ltda., its 75%-owned subsidiary; Beijing-Landauer, Ltd., its 70%-owned subsidiary; ALSA Dosimetria, S. de R.L. de C.V., its 56.25%-owned subsidiary; and Landauer Australasia Pty Ltd., its 51%-owned subsidiary (“Landauer” or the “Company”). Nagase-Landauer, Ltd., a Japanese corporation, and Epsilon-Landauer, a Turkish corporation, are 50% owned and accounted for on the equity basis. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents include investments with an original maturity of three months or less. Primarily all investments are short-term money market instruments.
Inventories
Inventories, principally the components associated with dosimetry devices, are valued at lower of cost or market utilizing a first-in, first-out method.
Revenues and Deferred Contract Revenue
The source of Radiation Monitoring segment revenues for the Company is radiation measuring and monitoring services including other services incidental to measuring and monitoring. The measuring and monitoring services provided by the Company to its customers are of a subscription nature and are continuous. The Company views its business in the Radiation Monitoring segment as services provided to customers over a period of time and the wear period is the period over which those services are provided. Badge production, wearing of badges, badge analysis, and report preparation are integral to the benefit that the Company provides to its customers. These services are provided to customers on an agreed-upon recurring basis (monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually) that the customer chooses for the wear period. Revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis, adjusted for changes in pricing and volume, over the wear period as the service is continuous and no other discernible pattern of recognition is evident. Revenues are recognized over the periods in which the customers wear the badges irrespective of whether invoiced in advance or in arrears.
Many customers pay for these services in advance. The amounts recorded as deferred contract revenue in the consolidated balance sheets represent customer deposits invoiced in advance during the preceding twelve months for services to be rendered over the succeeding twelve months, and are net of services rendered through the respective consolidated balance sheet date. Management believes that the amount of deferred contract revenue shown at the respective consolidated balance sheet date fairly represents the level of business activity it expects to conduct with customers invoiced under this arrangement.
Other services incidental to measuring and monitoring augment the basic radiation measurement services that the Company offers, providing administrative and informational tools to customers for the management of their radiation detection programs. Other service revenues are recognized upon delivery of the reports to customers or as other such services are provided.
The Company sells radiation monitoring products to its customers, principally InLight products, for their use in conducting radiation measurements or managing radiation detection programs. Revenues from product sales are recognized when shipped.
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Revenues are shown net of nominal sales allowance adjustments.
The Company, through its Medical Physics segment, offers full scope medical physics services to hospitals and radiation therapy centers. Services offered include, but are not limited to, clinical physics support in radiation oncology, commissioning services, special projects support and imaging physics services. Delivery of the medical physics services can be of a contracted, recurring nature or as a discrete project with a defined service outcome. Recurring services often are provided on the customer's premises by a full-time employee or fraction of a full-time employee. These services are recognized as revenue on a straight-line basis over the life of the contract. Fee for service projects’ revenue is recognized when the service is delivered.
Contracted services are billed on an agreed-upon recurring basis, either in advance or arrears of the service being delivered. Customers may be billed monthly, quarterly, or at some other regular interval over the contracted period. The amounts recorded as deferred revenue represent invoiced amounts in advance of delivery of the service. Management believes that the amount of deferred contract revenue fairly represents remaining business activity with customers invoiced in advance.
Fee for service revenue is typically associated with much shorter contract periods, or with discrete individual projects. Invoicing is usually done after completion of the project and customer acceptance thereof.
Additional medical physics services under the full scope offering of the medical physics practice groups comprising the Medical Physics segment include radiation center design and consulting, accreditation work and quality assurance reviews.
Research and Development
The cost of research and development programs is charged to selling, general and administrative expense as incurred and amounted to approximately $2,361, $2,285 and $1,948 in fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Research and development costs include salaries and allocated employee benefits, third-party research contracts, depreciation and supplies.
Depreciation, Amortization and Maintenance
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Plant, equipment and custom software are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which are primarily 30 years for buildings, three to eight years for equipment and five to eight years for internal software. Dosimetry devices, principally badges, and software are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated lives, which are thirty months to eight years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and renewals and betterments are capitalized.
Advertising
The Company expenses the costs of advertising as incurred. Advertising expense, primarily related to product shows and exhibits, amounted to $877, $748 and $572 in fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Income Taxes
Landauer files income tax returns in the jurisdictions in which it operates. The Company estimates the income tax provision for income taxes that are currently payable, and records deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences in tax consequences between the financial statements and tax returns. The Company would record a valuation allowance in situations where the realization of deferred tax assets is not more likely than not. The Company recognizes the financial statement effects of its tax positions in its current and deferred tax assets and liabilities when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. Further information regarding the Company’s income taxes is contained under the footnote “Income Taxes” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made in the financial statements for comparative purposes. These reclassifications have no effect on the results of operations or financial position.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of defined benefit pension and postretirement plan adjustments for net gains, losses and prior service costs, net defined benefit plan curtailment loss and cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments. The following table sets forth the balances in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the years ended September 30:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | 2,286 | $ | 2,000 | $ | 1,421 | |||
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans activity | (5,415) | (2,783) | (1,936) | ||||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (3,129) | $ | (783) | $ | (515) | |||
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures and recognizes compensation cost at fair value for all share-based payments, including stock options. Stock-based compensation expense, primarily for grants of restricted stock, totaled approximately $1,481, $1,287 and $2,152 for fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of income related to expense for stock-based compensation was approximately $537, $475 and $777 during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
The Company has not granted stock options subsequent to fiscal 2005. Awards of stock options in prior fiscal years were granted with an exercise price equal to the market value of the stock on the date of grant. The fair value of stock options was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Expected volatility and the expected life of stock options were based on historical experience. The risk free interest rate was derived from the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term, as of the date of grant, equal to the expected term of the option. The dividend yield was based on annual dividends and the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense was recognized ratably over the vesting period of the stock option.
Subsequent to fiscal 2005, key employees and/or non-employee directors have been granted restricted share awards that consist of performance shares and time vested restricted stock. Performance shares represent a right to receive shares of common stock upon satisfaction of performance goals or other specified metrics. Restricted stock represents a right to receive shares of common stock upon the passage of a specified period of time. The fair value of performance shares and restricted stock granted under the Company’s 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan was based on the average of the Company’s high and low stock prices on the date of grant. Upon the adoption of the Company’s Incentive Compensation Plan in February 2008, the fair value of performance shares and restricted stock granted under the new plan is based on the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant. Compensation expense for performance shares is recorded ratably over the vesting period, assuming that achievement of performance goals is deemed probable. Compensation expense for restricted stock is recognized ratably over the vesting period. The per share weighted average fair value of restricted shares, including restricted stock and performance shares, granted during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $62.17, $61.51 and $59.12, respectively.
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Employee Benefit Plans
Landauer sponsors postretirement benefit plans to provide pension, supplemental retirement funds, and medical expense reimbursement to eligible retired employees, as well as a directors' retirement plan that provides for certain retirement benefits payable to non-employee directors. Further information on these benefit plans is contained under the footnote “Employee Benefit Plans” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued updated accounting guidance to improve comparability in fair value measurement and disclosure between U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and International Financial Reporting Standards. The standards update includes changes to the wording used to describe many of the requirements in GAAP for measuring fair value and changes to the disclosure of information about fair value measurements. This guidance is effective for the Company in the second quarter of fiscal 2012. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued new guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. The guidance, which is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements, eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of changes in equity and instead requires presentation in one continuous statement or two separate but consecutive statements. This guidance, which must be applied retrospectively, is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2013. The new guidance impacts only the format of financial statement presentation and, therefore upon adoption, will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB approved amended guidance for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The guidance requires an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether a company’s variable interest gives it a controlling financial interest in a VIE. A company is required to assess whether it has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity. In addition, on-going reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE and additional disclosures about an enterprise’s involvement in VIEs are required. The adoption of this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB approved the issuance of new guidance for arrangements with multiple deliverables and arrangements that include software elements. By providing another alternative for determining the selling price of deliverables, the new guidance allows companies to allocate arrangement consideration in multiple deliverable arrangements in a manner that better reflects the transaction's economics and often results in earlier revenue recognition. In addition, the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration is no longer permitted under the new guidance. The new guidance for arrangements that include software elements removes non-software components of tangible products and certain software components of tangible products from the scope of existing software revenue guidance, resulting in the recognition of revenue similar to that for other tangible products. The new guidance requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The adoption of this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2011 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In September 2011, the FASB issued amendments to its goodwill impairment guidance. The amendments provide an option for entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless it determines, based on the qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted the amendments in connection with the performance of its annual goodwill impairment test as of September 30, 2011.
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2. Business Combinations
During fiscal 2011, the Company established an unconsolidated joint venture in Turkey, which provides radiation monitoring services, and completed the acquisition of three imaging physics practices, none of which were individually, or in the aggregate, material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Acquisition of GPS
On November 9, 2009, Landauer, Inc. completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of GPS for $22,000. GPS is a nationwide service provider of clinical physics support, equipment commissioning and accreditation support, and imaging equipment testing. The Company completed the acquisition of GPS as a platform to expand into the medical physics services market and reports the operating results in the recently formed Medical Physics reporting segment.
The consideration transferred included amounts applied by Landauer at the closing to repay all of the outstanding indebtedness of GPS. Landauer also deposited $1,000 of the consideration transferred into an escrow account to be held for a period of 18 months and applied to the settlement of the GPS stockholders’ indemnification obligations, if any, in connection with the transaction. The escrow was released in May 2011. The Company funded the consideration transferred through a combination of borrowings under its credit agreement and cash on hand.
The following table summarizes the $22,000 of consideration transferred to acquire GPS and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values as of the date of the acquisition.
| (Dollars in Thousands) | ||
| Current assets | $ | 804 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 1,040 | |
| Intangible assets | 5,300 | |
| Goodwill | 17,380 | |
| Current liabilities | (918) | |
| Other long-term liabilities | (250) | |
| Long-term deferred taxes, net | (1,356) | |
| Total assets acquired and liabilities assumed | $ | 22,000 |
The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired resulted in goodwill of $17,380, which is attributable primarily to the value of the acquired assembled workforce and GPS’ position as a leading provider in a large fragmented growth market. The goodwill has been assigned to the Medical Physics reporting segment. The Company will deduct $4,228 of goodwill and $25 for a non-compete agreement for income tax purposes. The Company acquired a tradename in the amount of $900 which has an indefinite life, and $4,400 of customer relationships which are being amortized over 15 years.
The acquired business’s revenues of $13,305 and net loss of $617 were recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the period from November 1, 2009 to September 30, 2010. The revenues and results of operations of GPS from November 1 to the date of acquisition, November 9, were not material to the consolidated financial statements.
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Other Acquisitions
During fiscal 2010, the Company completed other various acquisitions which are presented in the aggregate as they were not individually material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
On November 2, 2009, Landauer completed the acquisition of all issued and outstanding capital stock of GDM, a Swedish provider of radon measurement services. GDM is based near Stockholm, Sweden and provides measurement services throughout the Scandinavian region and Europe. The consideration transferred for GDM was $6,603. On October 2, 2009, Landauer acquired the assets of a dosimetry service provider in Sweden, PDM. The consideration transferred for PDM was $1,085. These acquisitions are consistent with the Company’s strategy to expand into new international markets, primarily by investing in or acquiring existing radiation monitoring service providers with a prominent local presence. These acquisitions are reported in the Radiation Monitoring reporting segment.
On June 1, 2010, Landauer acquired certain assets of Upstate Medical Physics, Inc. (“UMP”), a New York company providing imaging medical physics services, for consideration transferred of $2,231. This acquisition is aligned with the Company’s strategy to expand into the medical physics services market and is reported in the Medical Physics reporting segment.
The aggregate consideration transferred and the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values as of the date of the GDM, PDM and UMP acquisitions were as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | ||
| Current assets | $ | 2,088 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 606 | |
| Intangible assets | 1,389 | |
| Goodwill | 8,130 | |
| Current liabilities | (2,157) | |
| Other long-term liabilities | (137) | |
| Total assets acquired and liabilities assumed | $ | 9,919 |
The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired resulted in goodwill for these acquisitions of $8,130, of which $6,798 and $1,332 has been assigned to the Radiation Monitoring segment and the Medical Physics segment, respectively. The Company expects to deduct approximately $1,717 of goodwill for income tax purposes. The Company acquired customer lists, the fair value of which was determined to be $1,389, which are being amortized over 15 years.
The acquired businesses contributed revenues of $5,043 and earnings of $490 to the Company for the period from their respective dates of acquisition to September 30, 2010.
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Unaudited Proforma Results
The following unaudited proforma summary presents consolidated information of the Company as if these business combinations had occurred as of the beginning of the respective periods.
| September 30, 2010 | |||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Landauer, Inc. Actual | Landauer, Inc. Proforma | |||
| Revenues | $ | 114,367 | $ | 119,196 | |
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | 23,674 | 25,130 | |||
| September 30, 2009 | |||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Landauer, Inc. Actual | Landauer, Inc. Proforma | |||
| Revenues | $ | 93,827 | $ | 111,573 | |
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | 23,366 | 22,884 | |||
The proforma results include: estimated interest expense in connection with debt financing of the acquisitions; forfeiture of interest income in fiscal 2009 as the cash balances on which interest was earned were assumed to be used for acquisitions; elimination of pretax acquisition and reorganization costs of $2,028 in fiscal 2010; the estimated amortization of intangibles; and the income tax impact of these adjustments. The unaudited proforma information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisitions had been effective as of the beginning of the periods presented.
3. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in a principal or most advantageous market. Fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on inputs, which refer broadly to assumptions that market participants use in pricing assets or liabilities. A fair value hierarchy with three tiers has been established to prioritize the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Level 1 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 inputs consist of observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets or indirectly observable through corroboration with observable market data. Level 3 inputs are not observable in the market and include management’s own judgments about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances.
As of September 30, 2011, the Company’s financial assets measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis were comprised of investments in trading securities, which are reported in other long-term assets. The investments are held in a Rabbi trust for benefits under the Company’s deferred compensation plan. Under the plan, participants designate investment options to serve as the basis for measurement of the notional value of their accounts. The investments include a money market fund and mutual funds that are publicly traded. The fair values of the shares or underlying securities of these funds are based on quoted market prices and, therefore, are categorized as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2010, the fair value of these assets was $199.
| Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2011 Using | ||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||
| Asset Category | ||||||||
| Cash equivalents | $ | 27 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||
| Mutual funds | 1,752 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Total financial assets at fair value | $ | 1,779 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||
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4. Acquisition and Reorganization Costs
Acquisition and reorganization costs during fiscal 2011 and 2010 were $1,489 and $2,028, respectively. Such expenses were primarily for professional fees with accounting, financial, legal and tax advisors to support the due diligence, transaction structure and accounting for acquisitions. In fiscal 2011, such expenses were related to the establishment of a radiation monitoring unconsolidated joint venture in Turkey, the acquisition of three imaging physics practices and on-going acquisition activity which includes the pursuit of acquisitions that may not be consummated. In fiscal 2010, such expenses supported the acquisitions described under the footnote “Business Combinations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These costs were expensed as incurred in accordance with business combination authoritative guidance adopted by the Company on October 1, 2009. Such expenses were primarily for professional fees with accounting, financial, legal and tax advisors to support the due diligence, transaction structure and accounting for the acquisitions. In addition, the fiscal 2010 charges included $510 in reorganization costs for severance to support changes in selected roles in the GPS organization.
During the second quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company initiated a management reorganization plan to strengthen selected roles in the organization. As a result, in fiscal 2009, the Company recognized expense, including severance, in the amount of $416 associated with these management organizational changes.
5. Net Defined Benefit Plan Curtailment Loss and Transition Costs
On February 5, 2009, the Board of Directors approved changes to the Company’s retirement benefit plans. The objective of the changes was to transition from a defined benefit strategy for retirement benefits to a defined contribution approach. These changes, effective March 31, 2009, included the following actions:
| • | cease all accruals for future years of service in the Company’s defined benefit retirement plans and supplemental retirement plans and to freeze benefits provided under the plans effective March 31, 2009; |
| • | provide supplemental transition benefits to participants who satisfy certain age and service requirements; |
| • | provide enhanced benefits in the existing 401(k) retirement savings plan; and |
| • | adopt a new nonqualified deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain executives. |
The Company anticipates that the redesign of its retirement plans will result in future cost savings while offering market based retirement benefits to its employees.
In connection with the redesign of its retirement benefit plans, the Company recognized charges of $2,236 during its second fiscal quarter of 2009. The charges included a one-time net curtailment loss, in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance, in the amount of $1,125. In addition, the charge also included costs of $1,111 related to the transition of the contractual retirement benefit obligation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer to a defined contribution obligation and professional fees directly associated with the benefit plan transitions. During fiscal 2009, the Company made contributions of approximately $6,400 in excess of the required annual pension plan payments to fund the remainder of the plan’s current unfunded balance.
6. Income per Common Share
Basic net income per share was computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share was computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock that would have been outstanding assuming dilution from stock-based compensation awards during the period.
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Effective October 1, 2009, the Company adopted authoritative guidance which requires that unvested stock-based compensation awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends be treated as participating securities and included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The Company’s time vested restricted stock is a participating security. The guidance was applied retrospectively to all periods presented. The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share for the years ended September 30:
| (Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Basic Net Income per Share | |||||||||
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | $ | 24,538 | $ | 23,674 | $ | 23,366 | |||
| Less: Income allocated to unvested restricted stock | 129 | 91 | 81 | ||||||
| Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 24,409 | $ | 23,583 | $ | 23,285 | |||
| Basic weighted averages shares outstanding | 9,395 | 9,310 | 9,293 | ||||||
| Net income per share – Basic | $ | 2.60 | $ | 2.53 | $ | 2.51 | |||
| Diluted Net Income per Share | |||||||||
| Net income attributed to Landauer, Inc. | $ | 24,538 | $ | 23,674 | $ | 23,366 | |||
| Less: Income allocated to unvested restricted stock | 129 | 91 | 81 | ||||||
| Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 24,409 | $ | 23,583 | $ | 23,285 | |||
| Basic weighted averages shares outstanding | 9,395 | 9,310 | 9,293 | ||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities | 82 | 39 | 73 | ||||||
| Diluted weighted averages shares outstanding | 9,477 | 9,349 | 9,366 | ||||||
| Net income per share - Diluted | $ | 2.58 | $ | 2.52 | $ | 2.49 | |||
7. Equity in Joint Venture
Landauer’s 50% interest in the common stock of Nagase-Landauer, Ltd., a Japanese corporation located in Tokyo and engaged in providing radiation monitoring services in Japan, is accounted for on the equity basis. The related equity in earnings of this joint venture is included in its own caption in the accompanying Statements of Income. Landauer received dividend payments of $911, $1,104 and $1,062 from Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company’s total sales to Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. were $1,159, $4,431 and $4,399 during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Condensed results of operations information for Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. was as follows, converted into U.S. dollars at the average rate of exchange, for the years ended September 30:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 26,663 | $ | 22,513 | $ | 20,886 | |||
| Gross profit | 15,125 | 10,922 | 11,554 | ||||||
| Income before income taxes | 8,103 | 4,911 | 5,804 | ||||||
| Net income | 4,724 | 3,002 | 3,150 | ||||||
Condensed balance sheet information as of September 30, converted into U.S. dollars at the then-current rate of exchange, was as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | |||
| Current assets | $ | 13,885 | $ | 7,908 | |
| Other assets | 21,461 | 19,656 | |||
| Total assets | $ | 35,346 | $ | 27,564 | |
| Current liabilities | $ | 11,552 | $ | 8,535 | |
| Other liabilities | 2,488 | 2,137 | |||
| Stockholders’ equity | 21,306 | 16,892 | |||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 35,346 | $ | 27,564 |
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8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, for the years ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Radiation Monitoring | Medical Physics | Total | |||||
| Goodwill at September 30, 2009 | $ | 13,384 | $ | 0 | $ | 13,384 | ||
Increases related to acquisitions, net of subsequent adjustments for deferred taxes | 6,760 | 18,712 | 25,472 | |||||
| Effects of foreign currency | 412 | 0 | 412 | |||||
| Goodwill at September 30, 2010 | $ | 20,556 | $ | 18,712 | $ | 39,268 | ||
Increases related to acquisitions, net of subsequent adjustments for deferred taxes | 0 | 1,025 | 1,025 | |||||
| Effects of foreign currency | (331) | 0 | (331) | |||||
| Goodwill at September 30, 2011 | $ | 20,225 | $ | 19,737 | $ | 39,962 |
Intangible assets as of September 30 consisted of the following:
| 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | |||||||
| Customer lists | $ | 15,645 | $ | 6,467 | $ | 13,025 | $ | 4,523 | |||
| Trademarks and tradenames | 1,024 | 0 | 1,022 | 0 | |||||||
| Licenses and patents | 1,017 | 331 | 752 | 294 | |||||||
| Other intangibles | 577 | 557 | 577 | 557 | |||||||
| Intangible assets | $ | 18,263 | $ | 7,355 | $ | 15,376 | $ | 5,374 | |||
The Company assumed customer lists and tradenames of $1,433 and $6,385 relating to the business combinations completed during fiscal 2011 and 2010, respectively. Additional disclosures regarding the business combinations is contained under the footnote “Business Combinations” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Amortization of intangible assets was $1,033, $929 and $615 for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Annual aggregate amortization expense related to intangible assets is estimated to be approximately $930 for fiscal year 2012, $850 for fiscal year 2013 and $820 for each of the next three fiscal years thereafter. As a result of its annual testing and review for impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets, the Company determined that no impairment was required to be recognized as of September 30, 2011.
9. Income Taxes
The components of pretax income for the years ended September 30 were as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Pretax income: | |||||||||
| U.S. | $ | 30,160 | $ | 29,472 | $ | 29,377 | |||
| Foreign | 6,575 | 6,561 | 5,340 | ||||||
| Total pretax income | $ | 36,735 | $ | 36,033 | $ | 34,717 | |||
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The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended September 30 were as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Current: | |||||||||
| U.S. Federal | $ | 5,512 | $ | 5,426 | $ | 7,203 | |||
| State and local | 511 | 314 | (275) | ||||||
| Foreign | 2,370 | 1,931 | 1,664 | ||||||
| Current tax provision | $ | 8,393 | $ | 7,671 | $ | 8,592 | |||
| Deferred: | |||||||||
| U.S. Federal | $ | 2,360 | $ | 4,002 | $ | 2,373 | |||
| State and local | 107 | 221 | 98 | ||||||
| Foreign | 667 | (1) | 8 | ||||||
| Deferred tax provision | $ | 3,134 | $ | 4,222 | $ | 2,479 | |||
| Income tax provision | $ | 11,527 | $ | 11,893 | $ | 11,071 | |||
The effective tax rates for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were 31.4%, 33.0% and 31.9%, respectively. The fiscal 2011 effective tax rate decreased primarily due to the reduction of nondeductible acquisition costs as compared to fiscal 2010 and an increased research and development credit in fiscal 2011. The following is a reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% to the effective income tax rate:
| 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||
| U.S. Federal statutory rate | 35.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% | ||||||
| State and local taxes net of Federal tax benefit | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.9% | ||||||
| Lower rates on Foreign operations | (1.3%) | (1.0%) | (0.7%) | ||||||
| Non-taxed equity earnings | (2.1%) | (1.4%) | (1.6%) | ||||||
| Foreign tax credit impact, net | (0.6%) | (1.4%) | (1.1%) | ||||||
| Other | (0.5%) | 0.8% | (0.6%) | ||||||
| Effective income tax rate | 31.4% | 33.0% | 31.9% | ||||||
The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to deferred income tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following at September 30:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||
| Pension accrual | $ | 2,148 | $ | 803 | ||
| Compensation expense | 2,581 | 1,786 | ||||
| Accrued mitigation | 147 | 235 | ||||
| Medical insurance claims | 433 | 412 | ||||
| Retirement plans | 1,979 | 1,903 | ||||
| Net operating losses | 0 | 596 | ||||
| Allowance for uncollectible accounts | 196 | 224 | ||||
| Accruals not currently deductible | 145 | 304 | ||||
| Other | 807 | 364 | ||||
| $ | 8,436 | $ | 6,627 | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||
| Depreciation | $ | 1,663 | $ | 2,506 | ||
| Software development | 12,582 | 9,674 | ||||
| Intangible asset amortization | 4,643 | 2,922 | ||||
| Accrued income | 95 | 260 | ||||
| Other | 50 | 186 | ||||
| $ | 19,033 | $ | 15,548 | |||
| Net deferred tax liability | $ | (10,597) | $ | (8,921) | ||
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The Company believes that the realization of deferred tax assets is more likely than not based upon the expectation the Company will generate the necessary taxable income in the future periods. Therefore, no valuation allowances have been provided.
The Company has provided for U.S. deferred income taxes and foreign withholding tax in the amount of $37 on undistributed earnings not considered permanently reinvested in its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The Company has not provided for U.S. deferred income taxes or foreign withholding tax on the remainder of undistributed earnings from its non-U.S. subsidiaries because such earnings are considered to be permanently reinvested as it is the Company’s intention to reinvest accumulated cash balances, future cash flows and profits to make capital improvements, and grow and expand its foreign operations. In accordance with this plan, cash held by certain foreign subsidiaries will not be available for U.S. Company operations, and under current laws, will not be subject to U.S. taxation. As of September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, permanently reinvested cumulative undistributed earnings attributable to certain foreign operations were approximately $13,047, $23,526 and $23,876, respectively. The change in the permanently reinvested cumulative undistributed earnings from fiscal 2010 to fiscal 2011 is due to the Company no longer asserting permanently reinvested earnings in several foreign jurisdictions. The Company has sufficient cash and cash equivalents available for use in the U.S. to fund current operations without drawing on the permanently reinvested funds held by its foreign operations.
As of September 30, 2011, the Company's U.S. income tax returns for fiscal 2008 and subsequent years remained subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). The Company is not currently under audit by the IRS. State income tax returns generally have statute of limitations for periods between three and four years from the date of filing. The Company is currently undergoing a state income tax audit. The Company is not currently under audit in any foreign jurisdictions. The Company’s foreign operations have statute of limitations on the examination of tax returns for periods between two and six years.
The Company operates in numerous taxing jurisdictions and is subject to regular examinations by various U.S. federal, state, local and foreign jurisdictions for various tax periods. The Company’s income tax positions are based on research and interpretations of the income tax laws and rulings in each of the jurisdictions in which it does business. Due to the subjectivity of interpretations of the income tax laws and rulings in each jurisdiction, the differences and interplay in tax laws between those jurisdictions as well as the inherent uncertainty in estimating the final resolution of complex tax audit matters, the Company’s estimates of income tax liabilities may differ from actual payments or assessments.
Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes requires a more-likely-than-not threshold for financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The Company records a liability for the difference between the benefit recognized and measured for financial statement purposes and the tax position taken or expected to be taken on its tax return. To the extent that the Company’s assessment of such tax positions changes, the change in estimate is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.
A reconciliation of gross unrecognized tax benefits, exclusive of interest and penalties, is as follows:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Balance at beginning of year | $ | 714 | $ | 532 | $ | 694 | |||
| Tax positions related to current year: | |||||||||
| Gross increases | 150 | 119 | 190 | ||||||
| Gross decreases | 0 | 0 | (32) | ||||||
| Tax positions related to prior periods: | |||||||||
| Gross increases | 167 | 405 | 0 | ||||||
| Gross decreases | (50) | (133) | (64) | ||||||
| Decreases related to settlements | 0 | (110) | (219) | ||||||
| Decreases related to lapse of statute of limitations | (211) | (99) | (37) | ||||||
| Balance at end of year | $ | 770 | $ | 714 | $ | 532 | |||
| 52 |
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits, net of federal benefit, that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate was $666, $675 and $493 as of September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the gross amount of interest and penalties recorded was $58 and $52, respectively. The Company does not expect that any change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months, with respect to items identified, will have a significant impact on the consolidated results of operations or the financial position of the Company. The amount of unrecognized tax benefits and the related interest and penalties expected to reverse within the next fiscal year is estimated to be approximately $175.
10. Credit Facility
In October 2007, the Company negotiated a credit facility with U.S. Bank, which originally had an expiration date of October 31, 2009 and permitted borrowings up to $15,000. In June 2009, the Company executed a first amendment to its credit agreement. The first amendment, among other changes to the original terms, increased the aggregate amount of funds available to $30,000 subject, with respect to amounts borrowed in excess of $20,000, to certain criteria outlined in the credit agreement. In February 2010, the Company executed a second amendment to its credit agreement. The amendment, among other changes to the original terms, extended the maturity date to February 12, 2012, added Global Physics Solutions, Inc. as a borrower, added a prepayment penalty equal to 1.0% should the Company voluntarily terminate the facility prior to February 12, 2011, and modified the interest rate on outstanding amounts from either LIBOR plus 2.9% or the bank’s prime rate plus 0.47% to either LIBOR plus 2.1% or the bank’s prime rate minus 0.28%. Effective October 31, 2010, the Company executed a third amendment to its credit agreement. The third amendment, among other changes, increased the aggregate amount of funds available to the Company to $50,000 subject, with respect to amounts borrowed in excess of $25,000, to a borrowing base test; extended the maturity date to October 31, 2013; modified the manner in which the interest rate on outstanding amounts would be determined; and extended the applicable date of the prepayment penalty such that the penalty would be due if the Company should voluntarily terminate the facility prior to October 31, 2011.
In addition, under its credit facility with U.S. Bank, the Company was required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio, as calculated pursuant to the terms of the first amendment to the credit agreement, as of the end of each calendar quarter of not less than 1.35 to 1.00, and a funded debt to earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization ratio less than or equal to 1.5 to 1.00. As of September 30, 2011, the fixed charge coverage ratio and the funded debt to earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization ratio were approximately 9.66 and 0.54, respectively, and the Company was in compliance with the covenants contained in the credit agreement. As of September 30, 2011, the debt was classified as a current liability as the agreement with U.S. Bank contained a subjective acceleration clause as well as a Company elected arrangement which provided for automatic draws or pay downs on the credit facility on a daily basis after taking into account operating cash needs.
As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the balance outstanding under the Company’s credit facility with U.S. Bank was $19,805 and $12,504, respectively. Interest expense on the borrowings for the years ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $436 and $358, respectively. Amounts in fiscal 2009 were insignificant. The weighted average interest rate for fiscal 2011 and 2010 was 2.34% and 2.67%, respectively. At September 30, 2011 and 2010 the applicable interest rate was 2.321% and 2.412% per annum, respectively.
11. Capital Stock
Landauer has two classes of capital stock, preferred and common, with a par value of $0.10 per share for each class. As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, there were 9,462,807 and 9,452,765 shares of common stock issued and outstanding (20,000,000 shares are authorized), respectively. There are no shares of preferred stock issued (1,000,000 shares are authorized). Cash dividends of $2.20 per common share were declared in fiscal 2011. As of September 30, 2011, there were accrued and unpaid dividends of $5,301. Landauer has reserved 500,000 shares of common stock under the Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan approved by shareholders on February 7, 2008.
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12. Employee Benefit Plans
Defined Contribution Plans
Landauer maintains a 401(k) savings plan covering substantially all U.S. full-time employees. Qualified contributions made by employees to the plan are partially matched by the Company. The 401(k) savings plan was amended effective April 1, 2009 to enhance the Company's matching contribution, along with certain other changes. Employees of the Company’s GPS subsidiary participate in a 401(k) savings plan which does not provide for an employer matching contribution.
In fiscal 2009, the Company adopted a new supplemental defined contribution plan for certain executives, which allows participating executives to make voluntary deferrals and provides for employer contributions at the discretion of the Company. The Company also amended the terms of the chief executive officer’s employment agreement to provide that a benefit of $1,324 be credited to his account in the plan to cancel his entitlement to additional benefits under the Company’s former supplemental executive retirement plan.
Amounts expensed for Company contributions under these plans during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $695, $1,101 and $725, respectively. Distribution of the chief executive officer’s additional benefit of $1,324 was made during October 2010.
Defined Benefit Plans
Historically the Company provided, to substantially all full-time employees in the United States, a qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plan to provide a basic replacement income benefit upon retirement. For key executives, the basic benefit was supplemented with a supplemental executive retirement plan to address U.S. tax law limitations placed on the benefits under the qualified pension plan. The supplemental plan is not separately funded and costs of the plan are expensed annually. During 2009, the Company redesigned its retirement benefit plans for U.S. salaried employees to reflect a change in philosophy from a defined benefit structure to a defined contribution structure. As part of the redesign, the qualified noncontributory defined benefit pension plan and the supplemental executive retirement plan were amended to, among other changes, cease all benefit accruals under such plans.
Landauer formerly maintained a directors' retirement plan that provides certain retirement benefits for non-employee directors. The directors' plan was terminated in January 1997 and benefits accrued under the retirement plan are frozen. The Company also maintains an unfunded retiree medical expense reimbursement plan. Under the terms of the plan, which covers retirees with ten or more years of service, the Company reimburses retirees to age 70, or to age 65 in accordance with plan changes effective October 1, 2005, for (i) a portion of the cost of coverage under the then-current medical and dental insurance plans if the retiree is under age 65, or (ii) all or a portion of the cost of Medicare and supplemental coverage if the retiree is over age 64. The assumptions for health-care cost ultimate trend rates were 6% for those younger than 65, and 5% for those 65 and older.
Pensions for international employees are generally provided under government sponsored programs funded by employment taxes. The Company’s subsidiaries in Europe maintain pension plans, in the amount of approximately $177, $184 and $134 as of September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, which have not been included in the following tables.
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The Company recognizes the over- or underfunded status of its defined benefit pension and postretirement plans on its balance sheet and recognizes changes in the funded status, as the changes occur, through comprehensive income. The Company uses its fiscal year end, September 30, as the measurement date for its plans. The following tables set forth the status of the combined defined benefit pension plans and the postretirement medical plan, as pension benefits and other benefits, respectively, at September 30.
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||
| Change in benefit obligation: | |||||||||||
| Benefit obligation at beginning of year | $ | 28,839 | $ | 26,126 | $ | 1,114 | $ | 1,150 | |||
| Service cost | 0 | 0 | 54 | 52 | |||||||
| Interest cost | 1,454 | 1,440 | 55 | 55 | |||||||
| Actuarial loss (gain) | 2,302 | 2,060 | 30 | (102) | |||||||
| Benefits paid | (881) | (787) | (57) | (41) | |||||||
| Benefit obligation at end of year | 31,714 | 28,839 | 1,196 | 1,114 | |||||||
| Change in plan assets: | |||||||||||
| Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | 21,513 | 20,016 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Actual return on plan assets | (408) | 1,974 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Employer contributions | 316 | 310 | 57 | 41 | |||||||
| Benefits paid | (881) | (787) | (57) | (41) | |||||||
| Fair value of plan assets at end of year | 20,540 | 21,513 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Funded status at end of year | $ | (11,174) | $ | (7,326) | $ | (1,196) | $ | (1,114) | |||
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||
| Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheets: | |||||||||||
Current liabilities – accrued pension and postretirement costs | $ | (352) | $ | (289) | $ | (67) | $ | (54) | |||
Noncurrent liabilities – pension and postretirement obligations | (10,822) | (7,037) | (1,129) | (1,060) | |||||||
| Net amount recognized | $ | (11,174) | $ | (7,326) | $ | (1,196) | $ | (1,114) | |||
| Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||||
| Net loss (gain) | $ | 8,535 | $ | 4,548 | $ | (26) | $ | (56) | |||
| Prior service cost (credit) | 0 | 0 | 0 | (111) | |||||||
| Net amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 8,535 | $ | 4,548 | $ | (26) | $ | (167) | |||
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As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $31,714 and $28,839, respectively. Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as of September 30 is set forth in the following table:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | |||
| Projected benefit obligation | $ | 31,714 | $ | 28,839 | |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | 31,714 | 28,839 | |||
| Fair value of plan assets | 20,540 | 21,513 |
The components of net periodic benefit cost were as follows:
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | |||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
| Service cost | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 977 | $ | 54 | $ | 52 | $ | 40 | ||||||
| Interest cost | 1,454 | 1,440 | 1,412 | 55 | 55 | 71 | ||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | (1,380) | (1,285) | (983) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | 0 | 0 | 45 | (111) | (111) | (111) | ||||||||||||
| Recognized net actuarial loss | 104 | 35 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Curtailment loss | 0 | 0 | 1,350 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Settlement gain | 0 | 0 | (225) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 178 | $ | 190 | $ | 2,581 | $ | (2) | $ | (4) | $ | 0 | ||||||
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income, pre-tax, were as follows:
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||
| Net loss (gain) | $ | 4,091 | $ | 1,371 | $ | 30 | $ | (102) | |||
| Amortization of net gain | (104) | (35) | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Amortization of prior service cost | 0 | 0 | 111 | 111 | |||||||
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | $ | 3,987 | $ | 1,336 | $ | 141 | $ | 9 | |||
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income | $ | 4,165 | $ | 1,526 | $ | 139 | $ | 5 | |||
The estimated pre-tax amount in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year for pension benefits is a net loss of $303. No amounts are expected to be recognized for other benefits over the next fiscal year.
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Assumptions
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at September 30 were as follows:
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | ||||||||||
| 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||
| Discount rate | 4.60% | 5.08% | 4.60% | 5.08% | |||||||
| Rate of compensation increase | na | na | na | na | |||||||
The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for years ended September 30 were as follows:
| Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | ||||||||||
| 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||
| Discount rate | 5.08% | 5.59% | 5.08% | 5.59% | |||||||
| Expected long-term return on plan assets | 6.50% | 6.50% | 6.50% | 6.50% | |||||||
| Rate of compensation increase | na | na | na | na | |||||||
The expected long-term rate of return of plan assets is based on historical and projected rates of return for current and planned asset classes in the plan’s investment portfolio. Based on the target asset allocation for each asset class, the overall expected rate of return for the portfolio was developed and adjusted for historical and expected experience of the active portfolio management results compared to the benchmark returns and for the effect of expenses paid from plan assets. The Company reviews this long-term assumption on an annual basis.
Assumed health care cost trend rates at September 30 were:
| 2011 | 2010 | ||||
| Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year | 12% | 12% | |||
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) | 6% | 6% | |||
| Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate | 2017 | 2016 |
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects as of September 30, 2011.
(Dollars in Thousands) | 1-Percentage-Point Increase | 1-Percentage- Point Decrease | |||
| Effect on aggregate of service and interest cost | $ | 8 | $ | 7 | |
| Effect on postretirement benefit obligation | $ | 71 | $ | 64 |
Contributions
The Company, under IRS minimum funding standards, is not required to make contributions to its defined benefit pension plan during fiscal 2011.
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Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
(Dollars in Thousands) | Pension Benefits | Other Benefits | |||
| 2012 | $ | 1,002 | $ | 68 | |
| 2013 | 1,059 | 47 | |||
| 2014 | 1,201 | 44 | |||
| 2015 | 1,256 | 31 | |||
| 2016 | 1,267 | 41 | |||
| Years 2017-2021 | 8,483 | 162 |
Plan Assets
Landauer’s pension plan weighted-average asset allocations by asset category at September 30 were:
| Plan Assets at September 30, | |||||
| Asset Category | 2011 | 2010 | |||
| Fixed income | 60% | 72% | |||
| Equity securities | 37% | 26% | |||
| Cash equivalents | 3% | 2% | |||
| Total | 100% | 100% | |||
Plan assets for the qualified defined benefit pension plan include marketable equity securities, corporate and government debt securities, and cash and short-term investments. The plan assets are not directly invested in the Company’s common stock. The supplemental executive retirement plans and the directors’ retirement plan are not separately funded.
The plan’s investment strategy supports the objectives of the plan. These objectives are to maximize returns in order to meet long-term cash requirements within reasonable and prudent levels of risk. To achieve these objectives, the Company has established a strategic asset allocation policy which is to maintain approximately one half of plan assets in high quality fixed income securities such as investment grade bonds and short term government securities, with the other half containing large capitalization equity securities. The plan’s objective is to periodically rebalance its assets to approximate weighted-average target asset allocations. Investments are diversified across classes and within each class to minimize the risk of large losses.
FASB authoritative guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. The guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy about the assumptions used to measure fair value and clarifies assumptions about risk and the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset. Fair value is the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Fair value measurements are determined by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The hierarchy places the highest priority on unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and gives the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs within the fair value hierarchy are defined as follows:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Plan has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Plan’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
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In some cases, a valuation technique used to measure fair value may include inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy. The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.
Plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:
| Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2011 Using | ||||||||
(Dollars in Thousands) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||
| Asset Category: | ||||||||
| Money market accounts | $ | 178 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | ||
| Debt securities: | ||||||||
| Corporate bonds | 0 | 4,545 | 0 | |||||
| Government bonds | 0 | 173 | 0 | |||||
| Registered investment companies | 7,631 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Equity securities: | ||||||||
| Domestic | 5,868 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| International | 2,145 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Total assets at fair value | $ | 15,822 | $ | 4,718 | $ | 0 | ||
13. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company is a party to a variety of legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. While the results of these legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company regularly reviews legal matters and records provisions for claims that it can estimate and are considered probable of loss. As of September 30, 2011, management believes that the final outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
14. Stock-Based Compensation
The Company maintains stock-based compensation awards for key employees and/or non-employee directors under four plans: (i) the Landauer, Inc. 1996 Equity Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001; (ii) the Landauer, Inc. 1997 Non-Employee Director's Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001; (iii) the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan; and (iv) the Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan (the “IC Plan”) which was approved by shareholders in February 2008. For future grants, the IC Plan replaced the previous three plans. The Company reserved 500,000 shares of its common stock for grant under the IC Plan, and shares reserved for award and unused under the previous three plans were cancelled. The Plans provide for grants of options to purchase the Company’s common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and units, and stock appreciation rights. Shares issued upon settlement of stock-based compensation awards are issued from the Company’s authorized, unissued stock.
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Restricted Share Awards
Restricted share awards consist of performance shares and time vested restricted stock. Expense related to performance shares and restricted stock is recognized ratably over the vesting period. Restricted stock issued to eligible employees and directors under the Plans vests, to date, over a period from 6 months to 5 years, and performance shares contingently vest over various periods, depending on the nature of the performance goal. Restricted share transactions during fiscal 2011 were as follows:
Number of Restricted Share Awards (in Thousands) | Weighted-Average Fair Value | ||||
| Outstanding at October 1, 2010 | 121 | $ | 60.81 | ||
| Granted | 44 | 62.17 | |||
| Vested | (27) | 59.31 | |||
| Forfeited | (52) | 61.40 | |||
| Outstanding at September 30, 2011 | 86 | $ | 61.61 |
As of September 30, 2011, unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted share awards totaled $3,551 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.38 years. The total fair value of shares vested during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $1,623, $199 and $2,442, respectively.
Stock Options
Expense related to stock options issued to eligible employees and directors under the Plans is recognized ratably over the vesting period. Stock options generally vest over a period of 0 to 4 years and have 10-year contractual terms. A summary of stock option activity during fiscal 2011 is presented below:
Number of Options (in Thousands) | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term(Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in Thousands) | ||||||||
| Outstanding at October 1, 2010 | 93 | $ | 45.10 | ||||||||
| Exercised | (3) | 41.52 | |||||||||
| Outstanding at September 30, 2011 | 90 | $ | 45.23 | 3.2 | $ | 389 | |||||
| Exercisable at September 30, 2011 | 90 | $ | 45.23 | 3.2 | $ | 389 |
As of September 30, 2011, all outstanding stock options were vested and compensation expense related to stock options was recognized. The Company has not granted stock options subsequent to fiscal 2005. The intrinsic value of options exercised totaled $73, $1,062 and $401 during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of income related to the exercise of stock options was $27, $388 and $145 during fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
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15. Geographic Information
The Company provides its services primarily to customers in the United States, as well as to customers in other geographic markets. The Company does not have any significant long-lived assets in foreign countries. The following table shows the geographical distribution of revenues for the fiscal years ended September 30:
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ||||||
| Domestic | $ | 90,897 | $ | 88,409 | $ | 74,065 | |||
| Europe | 20,472 | 18,311 | 13,743 | ||||||
| Other countries | 9,089 | 7,647 | 6,019 | ||||||
| Consolidated revenues | $ | 120,458 | $ | 114,367 | $ | 93,827 | |||
Revenues of Nagase-Landauer, Ltd., the Company’s joint venture in Japan, are not consolidated and are not included in the above table. Revenues of Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. for fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $26,663, $22,513 and $20,886, respectively. Additional information on Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. is contained under the footnote “Equity in Joint Venture” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
16. Segment Information
In connection with the acquisition of GPS, during the first quarter of fiscal 2010, the Company began to operate in two reportable segments, Radiation Monitoring and Medical Physics. Historically the Company operated in the Radiation Monitoring segment exclusively. The factors for determining the reportable segments include the products and services offered combined with the nature of the individual business activities, as well as key financial information reviewed by management.
The Radiation Monitoring segment provides analytical services to determine occupational and environmental radiation exposure. These services are provided internationally primarily to hospitals, medical and dental offices, universities, national laboratories, and nuclear facilities. Radiation Monitoring activities include the manufacture of various types of radiation detection monitors, the distribution and collection of the monitors to and from customers, and the analysis and reporting of exposure findings. In addition to providing analytical services, the Radiation Monitoring segment leases or sells dosimetry detectors and reading equipment.
The Medical Physics segment provides therapeutic and imaging physics services to domestic hospitals and radiation therapy centers. Service offerings include clinical physics support, equipment commissioning, accreditation support and imaging equipment testing. These professional services are provided to customers on-site by skilled physicists. Medical physics services are provided through the Company’s GPS subsidiary.
The Company evaluates performance of the individual segments based upon, among other metrics, segment operating income or loss. Segment operating income or loss is segment revenue less segment cost of sales and segment selling, general and administrative expense. Corporate expenses for shared functions, including corporate management, corporate finance and human resources, are recognized in the Radiation Monitoring segment where they have historically been reported. In addition, acquisition and reorganization costs are not allocated to the segments. Information about net other income, including interest income and expense, and income taxes is not provided at the segment level. As the operational integration activities of the Medical Physics segment progress, including transaction processing, human resources and benefits administration, and sales and marketing activities, the Company expects to re-evaluate the allocation of costs if or when these costs become material.
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The following tables summarize financial information for each reportable segment for the years ended September 30:
| 2011 | |||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Radiation Monitoring | Medical Physics |
Consolidated | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 99,868 | $ | 20,590 | $ | 120,458 | |||
| Operating income (loss) | 35,373 | (490) | 34,883 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7,032 | 959 | 7,991 | ||||||
| Capital expenditures for property, plant & equipment | 12,309 | 614 | 12,923 | ||||||
| 2010 | |||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Radiation Monitoring | Medical Physics |
Consolidated | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 100,334 | $ | 14,033 | $ | 114,367 | |||
| Operating income (loss) | 35,563 | (926) | 34,637 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 6,063 | 618 | 6,681 | ||||||
| Capital expenditures for property, plant & equipment | 15,518 | 460 | 15,978 | ||||||
| 2009 | |||||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | Radiation Monitoring | Medical Physics |
Consolidated | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 93,827 | $ | 0 | $ | 93,827 | |||
| Operating income (loss) | 32,518 | 0 | 32,518 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 5,845 | 0 | 5,845 | ||||||
| Capital expenditures for property, plant & equipment | 9,126 | 0 | 9,126 | ||||||
| (Dollars in Thousands) | 2011 | 2010 | |||
| Segment assets: | |||||
| Radiation Monitoring | $ | 136,950 | $ | 121,908 | |
| Medical Physics | 31,706 | 28,788 | |||
| Total assets | $ | 168,656 | $ | 150,696 |
17. Subsequent Events
Business Combination
On November 14, 2011, Landauer acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of IZI Medical Products, LLC (“IZI”), a leading provider of high quality medical consumable accessories used in radiology, radiation therapy, and image guided surgery procedures, for a purchase price of $93,000 in cash. A portion of the purchase price was applied to repay the outstanding indebtedness of IZI and certain unpaid expenses incurred by IZI and other disclosed parties in connection with the transaction. Landauer also deposited $9,300 of the purchase price into an escrow account, which will be held for a period of 14 months and applied to the settlement of the IZI seller’s indemnification obligations, if any, in connection with the transaction.
Given the timing of the acquisition and the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company has not received substantial documentation pertinent to accounting for the transaction. It is impracticable for the Company to disclose the assets and liabilities and pro forma information for the acquisition at this time. The initial accounting will be completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2012. The Company expects that a significant portion of the purchase price of $93,000 will be allocated to goodwill, along with the recognition of intangible assets, including, but not limited to, patents and customer lists.
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Termination of Credit Facility
In connection with the acquisition of IZI, Landauer terminated the loan agreement, dated as of October 5, 2007, between Landauer and U.S. Bank, as amended on June 17, 2009, February 12, 2010 and October 31, 2010. This credit facility provided for a total unsecured commitment of $50,000 scheduled to mature on October 31, 2013. No early termination penalties were incurred by Landauer in connection with the termination of the credit agreement. The credit facility with U.S. Bank National Association was replaced by the new credit facility with BMO Harris.
New Credit Facility
On November 14, 2011, Landauer entered into a five-year revolving credit agreement with BMO Harris Bank N.A. (“BMO Harris”) as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and PNC Bank, National Association as syndication agent (“PNC Bank”), pursuant to which, the Company has been provided a senior secured reducing revolving credit facility of up to $175,000 plus an additional $25,000 post-closing accordion feature. Landauer borrowed $132,887 under the new credit facility to finance the IZI acquisition, to refinance existing indebtedness and to fund certain fees and expenses associated with the closing of the new credit facility.
The credit facility will mature on November 14, 2016, and will be secured by a first-priority perfected security interest in substantially all of the tangible and intangible assets of Landauer and its existing and future material domestic subsidiaries, including a pledge of 100% of the stock of each domestic subsidiary and a pledge of 66% of the stock of each first-tier foreign subsidiary.
Borrowings under the credit facility will bear interest, at Landauer’s option, at a rate equal to either (a) the rate per annum for deposits in U.S. Dollars as reflected on the Reuters Screen LIBOR01 as of 11:00 a.m. (London, England time) for the interest period relevant to such borrowing (adjusted for any statutory reserve requirements for Eurocurrency liabilities) plus the applicable margin (the “LIBO Rate”) or (b) the greatest of (i) the federal funds rate for the borrowing day plus 0.5%, (ii) the prime rate in effect on the borrowing day and (iii) the LIBO Rate for deposits in dollars for a one month interest period on the borrowing day plus 1.0%, plus the applicable margin.
Loans under the credit facility may be prepaid at any time without penalty with same-day written notice, subject to, in the case of loans bearing interest on the LIBO Rate, payment of customary breakage costs for prepayments made prior to the last day of the applicable interest period.
The new credit agreement includes customary covenants for facilities of this type, including limitations on indebtedness, liens, investments and acquisitions, loans and advances, mergers and consolidations, sales of assets, and dividends, stock repurchases and other restricted payments.
In addition, the new credit agreement requires that Landauer maintain a minimum net worth at all times of $65,000, maintain a maximum leverage ratio ranging between 3.00 to 1.00 and 2.50 to 1.00 as applicable for each fiscal quarter and maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio ranging between 1.15 to 1.00 and 1.35 to 1.00 as applicable for each fiscal quarter.
The new credit agreement also includes customary events of default, including but not limited to failure to pay any principal when due or any interest, fees or other amounts within three business days when due, default under any covenant or any agreement in any loan document, cross-default with other debt agreements, bankruptcy and change of control.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To Stockholders and Board of Directors of Landauer, Inc.:
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, of stockholders' equity and comprehensive income, and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Landauer, Inc. and its subsidiaries at September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2011, based on criteria established inInternal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chicago, IL
December 13, 2011
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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the Interim Chief Financial Officer (“Interim CFO”) (the Company’s principal executive officer and interim principal financial officer, respectively), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s CEO and Interim CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2011 were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Our management evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Controls-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2011. The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2011 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report which appears under Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Company extended its Section 404 compliance program under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the applicable rules and regulations under such Act to include acquisitions as of September 30, 2011. There have been no other changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
None.
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Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Information pursuant to this Item relating to the directors of the Company, contained under the headings “Election of Directors”, “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock”, and “Process for Nominating Directors” in the Proxy Statement, is incorporated herein by reference. Information pursuant to this Item relating to the officers of the Company, contained under the heading “Executive Officers of the Company” in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by reference.
Disclosure pursuant to this Item regarding Section 16(a) reporting compliance, contained under the heading “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement, is incorporated herein by reference. Information pursuant to this Item relating to the Company’s Audit Committee and the Company’s code of ethics, contained under the heading “Board of Directors and Committees” in the Proxy Statement, is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Except for the information relating to Item 13 hereof, the information contained under the headings “Executive Compensation” and “Compensation Committee Report” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
andRelated Stockholder Matters
The information contained under the headings “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Except for the information relating to Item 11 hereof, the information contained under the headings “Election of Directors” and “Independence of Directors” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
The information contained under the heading “Fees Billed by Independent Public Accountants” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
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Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
| (3)(a) | Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended through February 4, 1993, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (3)(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993 |
| (3)(b) | By-laws of the Registrant, as amended and restated effective February 5, 2009, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 5, 2009. |
| (4)(a) | Specimen common stock certificate of the Registrant incorporated by reference to Exhibit (4)(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997. |
| (10)(a) | The Landauer, Inc. 1996 Equity Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(a) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2002. |
| (10)(b) | Amendment No. 1 to the Landauer, Inc. 1996 Equity Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. |
| (10)(c) | Liability Assumption and Sharing Agreement among Tech/Ops, Inc., Tech/Ops Sevcon, Inc., and the Registrant is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(d) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993. |
| (10)(d) | Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and each of its directors is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(e) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993. |
| (10)(e) | Landauer, Inc. Directors’ Retirement Plan dated March 21, 1990 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(f) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996. |
| (10)(f) | Form of Supplemental Key Executive Retirement Plan of Landauer, Inc., as amended and restated effective October 1, 2003, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(e) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003. |
| (10)(g) | The Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan for Executive Officers is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2000. |
| (10)(h) | The Landauer, Inc. 1997 Non-Employee Director’s Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(g) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003. |
| (10)(i) | Amendment No. 1 to the Landauer, Inc. 1997 Non-Employee Director’s Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. |
| (10)(j) | Employment agreement dated February 29, 1996 between the Registrant and R. Craig Yoder is incorporated by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998. |
| (10)(k) | The Landauer, Inc. Executive Special Severance Plan as amended and restated on November 12, 2009 as attached hereto as Exhibit (10)(k). |
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| (10)(l) | Form of stock option award pursuant to the Landauer, Inc. 1996 Equity Plan, as amended and restated through November 8, 2001, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(l) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2004. |
| (10)(m) | The Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(m) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. |
| (10)(n) | Amendment No. 1 to the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006. |
| (10)(o) | Form of stock option award pursuant to the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(n) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. |
| (10)(p) | Form of director’s restricted share award pursuant to the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(o) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. |
| (10)(q) | Form of key employee restricted share award pursuant to the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(p) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. |
| (10)(r) | Employment agreement dated September 28, 2005 between the Registrant and William E. Saxelby is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(q) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005. |
| (10)(s) | Amendment to Employment Agreement dated May 2, 2006 between the Registrant and R. Craig Yoder is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006. |
| (10)(t) | Employment agreement dated September 8, 2006 between the Registrant and Jonathon M. Singer is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 8, 2006. |
| (10)(u) | Form of Performance Stock Grant under the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 16, 2006. |
| (10)(v) | Form of Restricted Stock Award under the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 19, 2007. |
| (10)(w) | Form of Performance Stock Award under the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(w) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007. |
| (10)(x) | Form of Restricted Stock Award under the Landauer, Inc. 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(x) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007. |
| (10)(y) | The Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders dated January 4, 2008. |
| (10)(z) | Form of Restricted Stock Award under the Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2008. |
| (10)(aa) | Form of Performance Stock Award under the Landauer, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2008. |
| (10)(ab) | Amendment dated as of May 1, 2009 to the Employment Agreement between the Registrant and William E. Saxelby is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 1, 2009. |
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| (10)(ac) | Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2011, among Landauer, Inc., BMO Harris Bank N.A., as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto and PNC Bank, National Association as syndication agent is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 2011. |
(21) | Subsidiaries of the registrant are: |
Gammadata Mätteknik AB (100%) Uppsala, Sweden
Global Physics Solutions, Inc. (100%) Glenwood, Illinois
HomeBuyer’s Preferred, Inc. (100%) Glenwood, Illinois
IZI Medical Products, LLC (100%) Baltimore, Maryland
Landauer-Europe, Ltd. and subsidiary (100%) Paris, France Oxford, United Kingdom
Landauer Persondosimetri AB (100%) Solna, Sweden
SAPRA-Landauer, Ltda. (75%) São Carlos – SP, Brazil
Beijing-Landauer, Ltd. (70%) Beijing, P.R. China
ALSA Dosimetria, S. de R.L. de C.V. (56.25%) Mexico City, Mexico
Landauer Australasia Pty Ltd. (51%) Sydney, Australia
Epsilon Landauer Dozimetri Teknolojileri Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. (50%) Istanbul, Turkey
Nagase-Landauer, Ltd. (50%) Tokyo, Japan | |
31.1 | Certification of William E. Saxelby, President and Chief Executive Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 filed herewith. |
| 31.2 | Certification of Michael T. Leatherman, Interim Chief Financial Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 filed herewith. |
| 32.1 | Certification of William E. Saxelby, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 furnished herewith. |
| 32.2 | Certification of Michael T. Leatherman, Interim Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 furnished herewith. |
| Exhibits 10(a), 10(b), 10(e), 10(f), 10(g), 10(h), 10(i), 10(j), 10(k), 10(l), 10(m), 10(n), 10(o), 10(p), 10(q), 10(r), 10(s), 10(t), 10(u), 10(v), 10(w), 10(x), 10(y), 10(z), 10(aa), and 10(ab) listed above are management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements required to be filed as exhibits hereto pursuant to the requirements of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
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Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| LANDAUER, INC. | |||
| /s/ William E. Saxelby | December 13, 2011 | ||
| William E. Saxelby | |||
| Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date |
| /s/ William E. Saxelby | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | December 13, 2011 |
| William E. Saxelby | (Principal Executive Officer) | |
| /s/ Michael T. Leatherman | Interim Chief Financial Officer and Director | December 13, 2011 |
| Michael T. Leatherman | (Interim Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | |
| /s/ Robert J. Cronin | Director | December 13, 2011 |
| Robert J. Cronin | ||
| /s/ William G. Dempsey | Director | December 13, 2011 |
| William G. Dempsey | ||
| /s/ David E. Meador | Director | December 13, 2011 |
| David E. Meador | ||
| /s/ Stephen C. Mitchell | Director | December 13, 2011 |
| Stephen C. Mitchell | ||
| /s/ Thomas M. White | Director | December 13, 2011 |
| Thomas M. White |
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Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
| (Amounts in Thousands, Except per Share) | First Quarter | Second Quarter | Third Quarter | Fourth Quarter | Total Year | ||||||||||||||
Net revenues | 2011 | $ | 28,438 | $ | 32,327 | $ | 29,158 | $ | 30,535 | $ | 120,458 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 27,234 | $ | 31,806 | $ | 26,255 | $ | 29,072 | $ | 114,367 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 2011 | $ | 17,355 | $ | 20,723 | $ | 17,081 | $ | 17,789 | $ | 72,948 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 17,078 | $ | 19,987 | $ | 16,067 | $ | 16,757 | $ | 69,889 | |||||||||
| Operating income(1, 2) | 2011 | $ | 8,127 | $ | 11,880 | $ | 7,832 | $ | 7,044 | $ | 34,883 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 7,757 | $ | 11,436 | $ | 7,959 | $ | 7,485 | $ | 34,637 | |||||||||
| Net income | 2011 | $ | 5,819 | $ | 7,997 | $ | 5,536 | $ | 5,186 | $ | 24,538 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 5,127 | $ | 7,811 | $ | 6,180 | $ | 4,556 | $ | 23,674 | |||||||||
Diluted net income per share(1, 2) | 2011 | $ | 0.62 | $ | 0.85 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 0.54 | $ | 2.58 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 0.83 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 2.52 | |||||||||
Cash dividends per share | 2011 | $ | 0.5500 | $ | 0.5500 | $ | 0.5500 | $ | 0.5500 | $ | 2.20 | ||||||||
| 2010 | $ | 0.5375 | $ | 0.5375 | $ | 0.5375 | $ | 0.5375 | $ | 2.15 | |||||||||
Common stock price per share | 2011 | high | $ | 69.21 | $ | 69.48 | $ | 64.18 | $ | 63.71 | $ | 69.48 | |||||||
| low | $ | 59.36 | $ | 56.22 | $ | 55.00 | $ | 44.03 | $ | 44.03 | |||||||||
| 2010 | high | $ | 64.50 | $ | 67.29 | $ | 71.71 | $ | 65.66 | $ | 71.71 | ||||||||
| low | $ | 50.26 | $ | 54.99 | $ | 55.84 | $ | 54.40 | $ | 50.26 | |||||||||
Weighted average diluted share outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2011 | 9,365 | 9,377 | 9,386 | 9,477 | 9,477 | ||||||||||||||
| 2010 | 9,311 | 9,353 | 9,365 | 9,371 | 9,349 | ||||||||||||||
(1) Includes acquisition and reorganization costs, in connection with the Company’s acquisitions during the first and third fiscal quarters, of $2,028, reducing net income by $1,607 (after income tax benefit of $421) or $0.17 per diluted share in fiscal 2010.
(2) Includes acquisition and reorganization costs, in connection with the Company’s acquisitions of $1,489, reducing net income by $982 (after income tax benefit of $507) or $0.10 per diluted share in fiscal 2011.
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