| Accounting Policies | Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. In addition, the Company has joint ventures that are consolidated in accordance with consolidation accounting guidance. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated. Use of Estimates The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”), which require the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company uses estimates in accounting for, among other items, allowance for doubtful accounts; excess and obsolete inventory; share-based compensation; acquisitions; product warranty obligations; pension and post retirement assets and liabilities; derivative fair values; goodwill and other asset impairments; health care reserves; rebates and incentives; litigation claims and contingencies, including environmental matters; and income taxes. The Company accounts for changes to estimates and assumptions when warranted by factually based experience. Acquisitions The Company recognizes assets acquired, liabilities assumed, contractual contingencies and contingent consideration at their fair value on the acquisition date. The operating results of the acquired companies are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred, restructuring costs are recognized as post-acquisition expense and changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the measurement period are recorded in Provision for Income Taxes. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of electric motors, electrical motion controls, power generation and power transmission products. The Company recognizes revenue when control of the product passes to the customer or the service is provided and is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for such goods or services. For a limited number of contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time in proportion to costs incurred. The pricing of products sold is generally supported by customer purchase orders, and accounts receivable collection is reasonably assured. Estimated discounts and rebates are recorded as a reduction of gross sales in the same period revenue is recognized. Product returns and credits are estimated and recorded at the time of shipment based upon historical experience. Shipping and handling costs are recorded as revenue when billed to the customers. The costs incurred from shipping are recorded in Cost of Sales and handling costs incurred in connection with selling and distribution activities are recorded in Operating Expenses. The Company derives a significant portion of its revenues from several original equipment manufacturing customers. Despite this relative concentration, there were no customers that accounted for more than 10% of consolidated net sales in fiscal 2019 , fiscal 2018 or fiscal 2017 . Nature of Goods and Services The Company sells products with multiple applications as well as customized products that have a single application such as those manufactured for its OEM’s customers. The Company reports in four operating segments: Commercial Systems, Industrial Systems, Climate Solutions and Power Transmission Solutions. See Note 6 for a description of the different segments. Nature of Performance Obligations The Company’s contracts with customers typically consist of purchase orders, invoices and master supply agreements. At contract inception, across all four segments, the Company assesses the goods and services promised in its sales arrangements with customers and identifies a performance obligation for each promise to transfer to the customer a good or service that is distinct. The Company’s primary performance obligations consist of product sales and customized systems/solutions. Product: The nature of products varies from segment to segment but across all segments, individual products are generally not integrated and represent separate performance obligations. Customized systems/solutions: The Company provides customized systems/solutions which consist of multiple products engineered and designed to specific customer specification, combined or integrated into one combined solution for a specific customer application. The goods are transferred to the customer and revenue is typically recognized over time as the performance obligations are satisfied. When Performance Obligations are Satisfied For performance obligations related to substantially all of the Company's product sales, the Company determines that the customer obtains control upon shipment and recognizes revenue accordingly. Once a product has shipped, the customer is able to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. The Company considers control to have transferred upon shipment because the Company has a present right to payment at that time, the customer has legal title to the asset, the Company has transferred physical possession of the asset, and the customer has significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset. For a limited number of contracts, the Company transfers control and recognizes revenue over time. The Company satisfies its performance obligations over time and the Company uses a cost-based input method to measure progress. In applying the cost-based method of revenue recognition, the Company uses actual costs incurred to date relative to the total estimated costs for the contract in conjunction with the customer's commitment to perform in determining the amount of revenue and cost to recognize. The Company has determined that the cost-based input method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods to the customer. Payment Terms The arrangement with the customer states the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each product or service purchased. Payment terms vary by customer but typically range from due upon delivery to 120 days after delivery. For contracts recognized at a point in time, revenue and billing typically occur simultaneously. The Company generally has payment terms with its customers of one year or less and has elected the practical expedient applicable to such contracts not to consider the time value of money. For contracts recognized using the cost-based input method, revenue recognized in excess of customer billings and billings in excess of revenue recognized are reviewed to determine the net asset or net liability position and classified as such on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Returns, Refunds and Warranties The Company’s contracts do not explicitly offer a “general” right of return to its customers (e.g. customers ordered excess products and return unused items). Warranties are classified as either assurance type or service type warranties. A warranty is considered an assurance type warranty if it provides the customer with assurance that the product will function as intended. A warranty that goes above and beyond ensuring basic functionality is considered a service type warranty. The Company generally only offers limited warranties which are considered to be assurance type warranties and are not accounted for as separate performance obligations. Customers generally receive repair or replacement on products that do not function to specification. Estimated product warranties are provided for specific product groups and the Company accrues for estimated future warranty cost in the period in which the sale is recognized. The Company estimates the accrual requirements based on historical warranty loss experience and the cost is included in Cost of Sales. Volume Rebates In some cases, the nature of the Company’s contract may give rise to variable consideration including volume based sales incentives. If the customer achieves specific sales targets, they are entitled to rebates. The Company estimates the projected amount of the rebates that will be achieved and recognizes the estimated costs as a reduction to Net Sales as revenue is recognized. Disaggregation of Revenue The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geographical region for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 , respectively, (in millions): December 28, 2019 Commercial Systems Industrial Systems Climate Solutions Power Transmission Solutions Total North America $ 643.0 $ 313.5 $ 848.6 $ 639.9 $ 2,445.0 Asia 107.2 167.0 37.7 30.4 342.3 Europe 135.5 49.2 40.5 91.5 316.7 Rest-of-World 19.6 45.7 41.7 27.0 134.0 Total $ 905.3 $ 575.4 $ 968.5 $ 788.8 $ 3,238.0 December 29, 2018 Commercial Systems Industrial Systems Climate Solutions Power Transmission Solutions Total North America $ 813.6 $ 360.0 $ 891.9 $ 686.4 $ 2,751.9 Asia 142.7 194.8 39.5 24.1 401.1 Europe 122.1 55.1 50.5 96.9 324.6 Rest-of-World 32.5 61.2 42.9 31.4 168.0 Total $ 1,110.9 $ 671.1 $ 1,024.8 $ 838.8 $ 3,645.6 Practical Expedients and Exemptions The Company typically expenses incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, primarily sales commissions, as incurred because the amortization period is expected to be 12 months or less. Contract costs are included in Operating Expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Due to the short nature of the Company’s contracts, the Company has adopted a practical expedient to not disclose revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations as substantially all of its contracts have original terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically does not include in its transaction price any amounts collected from customers for sales taxes. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling costs as fulfillment activities and expense the costs as incurred as part of Cost of Sales. Research and Development The Company performs research and development activities relating to new product development and the improvement of current products. The Company's research and development expenses consist primarily of costs for: (i) salaries and related personnel expenses; (ii) the design and development of new energy efficient products and enhancements; (iii) quality assurance and testing; and (iv) other related overhead. The Company's research and development efforts tend to be targeted toward developing new products that would allow it to gain additional market share, whether in new or existing segments. While these costs make up an insignificant portion of operating expenses in the Power Transmission Solutions segment, they are more substantial in the Climate Solutions, Commercial Systems and Industrial Systems segments. In particular, a large driver of research and development efforts in the Climate Solutions, Commercial Systems and Industrial Systems segments is energy efficiency. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. For fiscal 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , research and development costs were $22.5 million , $29.3 million and $29.9 million , respectively. Research and development costs are recorded in Operating Expenses. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments which are readily convertible to cash, present insignificant risk of changes in value due to interest rate fluctuations and have original or purchased maturities of three months or less. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents. The Company has material deposits with global financial institutions. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of its financial institutions and monitors the amount of exposure. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across many geographic areas. The Company monitors credit risk associated with its trade receivables. Trade Receivables Trade receivables are stated at estimated net realizable value. Trade receivables are comprised of balances due from customers, net of estimated allowances. In estimating losses inherent in trade receivables, the Company uses historical loss experiences and applies them to a related aging analysis. Determination of the proper level of allowances requires management to exercise significant judgment about the timing, frequency and severity of losses. The allowances for doubtful accounts take into consideration numerous quantitative and qualitative factors, including historical loss experience, collection experience, delinquency trends and economic conditions. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a specific customer's inability to meet its obligation, a specific reserve is recorded against amounts receivable to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount reasonably expected to be collected. Additions to the allowances for doubtful accounts are maintained through adjustments to the provision for doubtful accounts, which are charged to Operating Expenses in the current period; amounts determined to be uncollectable are charged directly against the allowances, while amounts recovered on previously charged-off accounts benefit current period earnings. Inventories The major classes of inventory at year end are as follows: December 28, 2019 December 29, 2018 Raw Material and Work in Process 48.0% 45.0% Finished Goods and Purchased Parts 52.0% 55.0% Inventories are stated at cost, which is not in excess of market. Cost for approximately 53.0% of the Company's inventory as of December 28, 2019 and 54.0% as of December 29, 2018 was determined using the last-in, first-out method. If all inventories were valued on the first-in, first-out method, they would have increased by $62.0 million and $65.5 million as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018 , respectively. Material, labor and factory overhead costs are included in the inventories. The Company reviews inventories for excess and obsolete products or components. Based on an analysis of historical usage and management's evaluation of estimated future demand, market conditions and alternative uses for possible excess or obsolete parts, the Company records an excess and obsolete reserve. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, Plant and Equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of plant and equipment is provided principally on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives ( 3 to 50 years ) of the depreciable assets. Accelerated methods are used for income tax purposes. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. Expenditures which extend the useful lives of existing equipment are capitalized and depreciated. Upon retirement or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the lesser of the life of the lease or the estimated useful life of the asset. Property, plant and equipment by major classification was as follows (in millions): Useful Life (In Years) December 28, 2019 December 29, 2018 Land and Improvements $ 80.3 $ 82.1 Buildings and Improvements 3-50 305.2 302.8 Machinery and Equipment 3-15 988.2 971.9 Property, Plant and Equipment 1,373.7 1,356.8 Less: Accumulated Depreciation (768.7 ) (741.3 ) Net Property, Plant and Equipment $ 605.0 $ 615.5 For fiscal 2019, the Company recognized $5.1 million of asset impairments related to the transfer of assets to held for sale in the first quarter of 2019. For fiscal 2018, the Company recognized a fixed asset impairment of $1.1 million related to its decision to exit the hermetic climate business. Goodwill The Company evaluates the carrying amount of goodwill annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the goodwill might be impaired. Factors that could trigger an impairment review include significant underperformance relative to historical or forecasted operating results, a significant decrease in the market value of an asset or significant negative industry or economic trends. For goodwill, the Company may perform a qualitative test to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company performed quantitative impairment testing for all reporting units in 2019 . The Company performs the required annual goodwill impairment testing as of the end of the October fiscal month. The Company uses a weighting of the market approach and the income approach (discounted cash flow method) in testing goodwill for impairment. In the market approach, the Company applies performance multiples from comparable public companies, adjusted for relative risk, profitability, and growth considerations, to the reporting units to estimate fair value. The key assumptions used in the discounted cash flow method used to estimate fair value include discount rates, revenue and EBITDA margin projections and terminal value rates because such assumptions are the most sensitive and susceptible to change as they require significant management judgment. Discount rates are determined by using market and industry data as well as Company-specific risk factors for each reporting unit. The discount rate utilized for each reporting unit is indicative of the return an investor would expect to receive for investing in such a business. Terminal value rate determination follows common methodology of capturing the present value of perpetual cash flow estimates beyond the last projected period assuming a constant discount rate and long-term growth rates. In conjunction with the change from three operating segments to four operating segments, the Company evaluated and changed its reporting unit structure. For fiscal 2019 the calculated fair values for three of the Company's reporting units did not exceed the carrying value by at least 10%: the global industrial motors reporting unit, the commercial air moving reporting unit and the power systems switch reporting unit. The global industrial motors reporting unit had goodwill of $122.3 million as of December 28, 2019 and is included in the Company's Industrial Systems segment. The commercial air moving reporting unit had goodwill of $38.3 million as of December 28, 2019 and is included in the Company's Commercial Systems segment. The power systems switch reporting unit had goodwill of $15.6 million as of December 28, 2019 and is included in the Company's Industrial Systems segment. Some of the key considerations used in the Company's impairment testing included (i) market pricing of guideline publicly traded companies (ii) cost of capital, including the risk-free interest rate, and (iii) recent historical and projected operating results of the subject reporting unit. There is inherent uncertainty included in the assumptions used in goodwill impairment testing. A change to any of the assumptions could lead to a future impairment that could be material. On July 31, 2018 , the Company received notification from a customer of its hermetic climate business that it would wind down operations. The hermetic climate business accounted for sales of $19.5 million and $52.6 million for the fiscal years ended 2019 and 2018 , respectively. As a result of this notification, the Company accelerated its plans to exit this business. The Company recognized exit and exit related charges of $34.9 million during fiscal 2018 . The charges included goodwill impairment of $9.5 million , customer relationship intangible asset impairment of $5.5 million , technology intangible asset impairment of $2.1 million and fixed asset impairment of $1.1 million . In addition to the impairments, the Company took charges on accounts receivable and inventory along with recognizing other expenses related to exiting the business. Intangible Assets Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight line method. The Company evaluates amortizing intangibles whenever events or circumstances have occurred that may indicate that carrying values may not be recoverable. If an indicator is present, the Company evaluates carrying values as compared to undiscounted estimated future cash flows. If such estimated future cash flows are less than carrying value, an impairment would be recognized. The Company recorded impairments for its customer relationship intangible asset of $4.9 million in fiscal 2019 as the result of transferring to assets held for sale. In fiscal 2018, the Company recorded impairments for its customer relationship intangible asset of $5.5 million and technology intangible asset of $2.1 million due to the winding down of the hermetic climate business described above. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized. The Company evaluates the carrying amount of indefinite-lived intangible assets annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company performs the required annual impairment testing as of the end of the October fiscal month. The indefinite-lived intangible asset consists of a trade name associated with the acquired Power Transmission Solutions business. It was evaluated for impairment in October 2019. The Company determined the fair value of this asset using a royalty relief methodology similar to the methodology used when the associated asset was acquired, but using updated assumptions and estimates of future sales and profitability. For fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 , the fair value of the indefinite lived intangible asset exceeded its respective carrying value, however, in fiscal 2019 the fair value of the indefinite lived intangible asset exceeded its respective carrying value by less than 10%. Some of the key considerations used in the Company's impairment testing included (i) cost of capital, including the risk-free interest rate, (ii) royalty rate and (iii) recent historical and projected operating performance. There is inherent uncertainty included in the assumptions used in indefinite-lived intangible asset testing. A change to any of the assumptions could lead to a future impairment that could be material. Long-Lived Assets The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment assets (collectively, "long-lived assets") whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable through future cash flows. Factors that could trigger an impairment review include a significant decrease in the market value of an asset or significant negative economic trends. For long-lived assets, the Company uses an estimate of the related undiscounted cash flows over the remaining life of the primary asset to estimate recoverability of the asset group. If the asset is not recoverable, the asset is written down to fair value. The Company concluded it had an impairment of $5.1 million in long-lived assets in fiscal 2019 due to the transfer of assets to held for sale. In fiscal 2018 , there were $1.1 million in impairments in long-lived assets due to the winding down of the hermetic climate business described above. Earnings Per Share Diluted earnings per share is computed based upon earnings applicable to common shares divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period adjusted for the effect of dilutive securities. Share based compensation awards for common shares where the exercise price was above the market price have been excluded from the calculation of the effect of dilutive securities shown below; the amount of these shares were 0.4 million in fiscal 2019 , 0.6 million in fiscal 2018 and 0.5 million in fiscal 2017 . The following table reconciles the basic and diluted shares used in earnings per share calculations for the fiscal years ended (in millions): 2019 2018 2017 Denominator for Basic Earnings Per Share 42.0 43.6 44.6 Effect of Dilutive Securities 0.2 0.3 0.3 Denominator for Diluted Earnings Per Share 42.2 43.9 44.9 Retirement and Post Retirement Plans The Company's domestic associates are covered by defined contribution plans and approximately half of the Company's domestic associates are covered by defined benefit pension plans. The majority of the defined benefit pension plans covering the Company's domestic associates have been closed to new associates and frozen for existing associates. Certain associates are covered by a post retirement health care plan. Most of the Company's foreign associates are covered by government sponsored plans in the countries in which they are employed. The Company's obligations under its defined benefit pension and other post retirement plans are determined with the assistance of actuarial firms. The actuaries, under management's direction, make certain assumptions regarding such factors as withdrawal rates and mortality rates. The actuaries also provide information and recommendations from which management makes further assumptions on such factors as the long-term expected rate of return on plan assets, the discount rate on benefit obligations and where applicable, the rate of annual compensation increases and health care cost trend rates. Based upon the assumptions made, the investments made by the plans, overall conditions and movement in financial markets, life-spans of benefit recipients and other factors, annual expenses and recorded assets or liabilities of these defined benefit plans may change significantly from year to year. The service cost component of the Company's net periodic benefit cost is included in Cost of Sales and Operating Expenses. All other components of net periodic benefit costs are included in Other (Income) Expenses, net on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income. Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative instruments are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. Any fair value changes are recorded in Net Income or Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss ("AOCI") as determined under accounting guidance that establishes criteria for designation and effectiveness of the hedging relationships. The Company uses derivative instruments to manage its exposure to fluctuations in certain raw material commodity pricing, fluctuations in the cost of forecasted foreign currency transactions, and variability in interest rate exposure on floating rate borrowings. The majority of derivative instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges (see also Note 13). Income Taxes The Company operates in numerous taxing jurisdictions and is subject to regular examinations by various US federal, state and foreign jurisdictions for various tax periods. The Company's income tax positions are based on research and interpretations of the income tax laws and rulings in each of the jurisdictions in which it does business. Due to the subjectivity of interpretations of laws and rulings in each jurisdiction, the differences and interplay in tax laws between those jurisdictions as well as the inherent uncertainty in estimating the final resolution of complex tax audit matters, estimates of income tax liabilities may differ from actual payments or assessments. Foreign Currency Translation For those operations using a functional currency other than the US dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into US dollars at year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at weighted-average exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of Shareholders' Equity. Product Warranty Reserves The Company maintains reserves for product warranty to cover the stated warranty periods for its products. Such reserves are established based on an evaluation of historical warranty experience and specific significant warranty matters when they become known and can reasonably be estimated. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments designated as hedges and pension and post retirement liability adjustments are included in Shareholders' Equity under AOCI. As a result of adopting ASU 2018-02 on April 1, 2018 on a prospective basis, the Company reclassified $6.6 million of stranded tax benefits related to Pension and Post Retirement Benefits and $2.0 million of stranded tax expense related to Hedging Activities to Retained Earnings. This resulted in a $4.6 million increase in Retained Earnings. The components of the ending balances of AOCI are as follows (in millions): 2019 2018 Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments $ (214.8 ) $ (207.8 ) Hedging Activities, Net of Tax of $2.5 in 2019 and $(1.7) in 2018 8.0 (5.4 ) Pension and Post Retirement Benefits, Net of Tax of $(9.5) in 2019 and $(11.8) in 2018 (31.0 ) (38.2 ) Total $ (237.8 ) $ (251.4 ) Legal Claims and Contingent Liabilities The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, claims and regulatory matters, the outcomes of which are subject to significant uncertainty and will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. Management conducts regular reviews, including updates from legal counsel, to assess the need for accounting recognition or disclosure of these contingencies. The Company records expenses and liabilities when the Company believes that an obligation of the Company or a subsidiary on a specific matter is probable and there is a basis to reasonably estimate the value of the obligation, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise in judgment. This methodology is used for legal claims that are filed against the Company or a subsidiary from time to time. The uncertainty that is associated with such matters frequently requires adjustments to the liabilities previously recorded. Fair Values of Financial Instruments The fair values of cash equivalents, term deposits, trade receivables and accounts payable approximate their carrying values due to the short period of time to maturity. The fair value of debt is estimated using discounted cash flows based on rates for instruments with comparable maturities and credit ratings as further described in Note 7. The fair value of pension assets and derivative instruments is determined based on the methods disclosed in Notes 8 and 13. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued Accounting Standards In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20). The ASU addresses modifications to the disclosure requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. Under ASU 2018-14 the disclosure requirements that can be removed are amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year, amount and timing of plan assets expected to be returned to the employer, and the effects of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net periodic benefit costs and benefit obligations for postretirement health care benefits. Additional disclosures are required for the weighted -average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates and an explanation for significant gains and losses related to the changes in the benefit obligation for the period. If a defined benefit pension plan has a projected benefit obligation greater than plan assets the projected benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets should be disclosed. This additional disclosure is also required when comparing the accumulated benefit obligation to plan assets. This ASU becomes effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 on a retrospective basis for all years presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of adopting this new accounting guidance, but does not anticipate a material impact on the financial statement disclosures. In August 2018, the FASB issue |
