Revenue and Contract Balances | Revenue and Contract Balances Disaggregation of Revenue We disaggregate revenue by client sector and contract type, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following tables present revenue disaggregated by client sector and contract type: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended March 28, March 29, March 28, March 29, (in thousands) Client Sector: U.S. state and local government $ 129,781 $ 103,671 $ 254,747 $ 227,507 U.S. federal government (1) 267,696 243,261 533,561 488,564 U.S. commercial 143,702 160,787 301,508 342,278 International (2) 213,585 226,414 430,052 473,407 Total $ 754,764 $ 734,133 $ 1,519,868 $ 1,531,756 Contract Type: Fixed-price $ 272,118 $ 255,613 $ 546,551 $ 526,668 Time-and-materials 347,197 350,618 702,438 738,776 Cost-plus 135,449 127,902 270,879 266,312 Total $ 754,764 $ 734,133 $ 1,519,868 $ 1,531,756 (1) Includes revenue generated under U.S. federal government contracts performed outside the United States. (2) Includes revenue generated from foreign operations, primarily in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and revenue generated from non-U.S. clients. Other than the U.S. federal government, no single client accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the three and six months ended March 28, 2021 and March 29, 2020. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities We invoice customers based on the contractual terms of each contract. However, the timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoice issuance. Contract assets represent revenue recognized in excess of the amounts for which we have the contractual right to bill our customers. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones or completion of a contract. In addition, many of our time and materials arrangements are billed in arrears pursuant to contract terms that are standard within the industry, resulting in contract assets and/or unbilled receivables being recorded, as revenue is recognized in advance of billings. Contract retentions, included in contract assets, represent amounts withheld by clients until certain conditions are met or the project is completed, which may extend beyond one year. Contract liabilities consist of billings in excess of revenue recognized. Contract liabilities decrease as we recognize revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation and increase as billings in advance of revenue recognition occur. Contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. There were no substantial non-current contract assets or liabilities for the periods presented. Net contract assets/liabilities consisted of the following: Balance at March 28, September 27, 2020 (in thousands) Contract assets (1) $ 95,079 $ 92,632 Contract liabilities (185,602) (171,905) Net contract liabilities $ (90,523) $ (79,273) (1) Includes $7.4 million and $12.3 million of contract retentions as of March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020, respectively. In the first half of fiscal 2021 and 2020, we recognized revenue of approximate ly $90 million and $105 million, respectively, from amounts included in the contract liability balances at the end of fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively. We recognize revenue primarily using the cost-to-cost measure of progress to estimate progress towards completion. Changes in those estimates could result in the recognition of cumulative catch-up adjustments to the contract’s inception-to-date revenue, costs and profit in the period in which such changes are made. As a result, we recognized net favorable operating income adjustments of $1.1 million i n the first half of fiscal 2021 (all in the second quarter) compared to a net unfavorable adjustment of $2.8 million in the first half of fiscal 2020 (all in the second quarter). C hanges in revenue and cost estimates could also result in a projected loss, determined at the contract level, which would be recorded immediately in earnings. As of March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020, our consolidated balance sheets included liabilities for anticipated losses of $9.5 million and $13.2 million , respectively. The estimated cost to complete these related contracts as of March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020 was approxima tely $95 million and $118 million, respectively. Accounts Receivable, Net Net accounts receivable consisted of the following: Balance at March 28, September 27, (in thousands) Billed $ 380,522 $ 402,818 Unbilled 253,784 253,364 Total accounts receivable 634,306 656,182 Allowance for doubtful accounts (5,120) (7,147) Total accounts receivable, net $ 629,186 $ 649,035 Billed accounts receivable represent amounts billed to clients that have not been collected. Unbilled accounts receivable, which represent an unconditional right to payment subject only to the passage of time, include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue recognized but not yet billed pursuant to contract terms or billed after the period end date. Substantially all of our unbilled receivables at March 28, 2021 are expected to be billed and collecte d within 12 months. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents amounts that are expected to become uncollectible or unrealizable in the future. We determine an estimated allowance for uncollectible accounts based on management's consideration of trends in the actual and forecasted credit quality of our clients, including delinquency and payment history; type of client, such as a government agency or a commercial sector client; and general economic and industry conditions, including the potential impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") pandemic, that may affect our clients' ability to pay. Total accounts receivable at March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020 included approximately $11 million for each period (all in our Remediation Construction Management ("RCM") segment), related to claims, including requests for equitable adjustment, on contracts that provide for price redeterminat ion . Claims are amounts in excess of agreed contract prices that we seek to collect from our clients or other third parties for delays, errors in specifications and designs, contract terminations, change orders in dispute or unapproved as to both scope and price, or other causes of unanticipated additional costs. Factors considered in determining whether revenue associated with claims (including change orders in dispute and unapproved change orders in regards to both scope and price) should be recognized include the following: (a) the contract or other evidence provides a legal basis for the claim, (b) additional costs were caused by circumstances that were unforeseen at the contract date and not the result of deficiencies in our performance, (c) claim-related costs are identifiable and considered reasonable in view of the work performed, and (d) evidence supporting the claim is objective and verifiable. This can lead to a situation in which costs are recognized in one period and revenue is recognized in a subsequent period when a client agreement is obtained, or a claims resolution occurs. We regularly evaluate all unsettled claim amounts and record appropriate adjustme nts to revenue when it is probable that the claim will result in a different contract value than the amount previously estimated. In the first half of fiscal 2021 (al l in the second quarter), we recognized increases to revenue and related gains of $2.8 million in our Commercial/International Services Group ("CIG"). We recorded no material gains or losses related to claims in the first half of fiscal 2020. No single client accounted for more than 10% of our accounts receivable at March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020. Remaining Unsatisfied Performance Obligations (“RUPOs”) Our RUPOs represent a measure of the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. We had $3.1 billion of RU POs as of March 28, 2021. RUPOs increase with awards from new contracts or additions on existing contracts and decrease as work is performed and revenue is recognized on existing contracts. RUPOs may also decrease when projects are canceled or modified in scope. We include a contract within our RUPOs when the contract is awarded and an agreement on contract terms has been reached. We expect to satisfy our RUPOs as of March 28, 2021 over the following periods: Amount (in thousands) Within 12 months $ 1,828,946 Beyond 1,298,902 Total $ 3,127,848 Although RUPOs reflect business that is considered to be firm, cancellations, deferrals or scope adjustments may occur. RUPOs are adjusted to reflect any known project cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost, foreign currency exchange fluctuations and project deferrals, as appropriate. Our operations and maintenance contracts can generally be terminated by the clients without a substantive financial penalty. Therefore, the remaining performance obligations on such contracts are limited to the notice period required for the termination (usually 30, 60, or 90 days). |