Voya Retirement Insurance & Annuity 10-Q 2023 Q1 Quarterly report

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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

——————————————————————

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                         to                         

Commission File Number: 033-23376

VOYA RETIREMENT INSURANCE & ANNUITY CO

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Connecticut	71-0294708
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)

One Orange Way	Windsor	Connecticut	06095-4774
(Address of principal executive offices)			(Zip Code)

(860) 580-4646

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.            ý Yes      o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).            ý Yes      o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	x	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.			☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).         ☐ Yes      ý No

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.            ☐ Yes    ☐ No

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:

As of May 4, 2023, 55,000 shares of Common Stock, $50 par value were outstanding, all of which were directly owned by Voya Holdings Inc.

NOTE:  WHEREAS VOYA RETIREMENT INSURANCE AND ANNUITY COMPANY MEETS THE CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN GENERAL INSTRUCTION H(1)(a) AND (b) OF FORM 10-Q, THIS FORM IS BEING FILED WITH THE REDUCED DISCLOSURE FORMAT PURSUANT TO GENERAL INSTRUCTION H(2).

1

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023

INDEX

		PAGE
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
Item 1.	Financial Statements:
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholder's Equity	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	9
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:	10
	1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies	10
	2. Investments	17
	3. Derivative Financial Instruments	28
	4. Fair Value Measurements	33
	5. Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Value of Business Acquired	41
	6. Reserves for Contract Owner Account Balances	41
	7. Reinsurance	43
	8. Separate Accounts	44
	9. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	45
	10. Income Taxes	46
	11. Financing Agreements	47
	12. Commitments and Contingencies	47
	13. Related Party Transactions	49
Item 2.	Management's Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition	50
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	62
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	63
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	63
Item 6.	Exhibits	63
Exhibit Index		64
Signature		65

2

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, "VRIAC" refers to Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and the "Company," "we," "our" and "us" refer to VRIAC and its wholly owned subsidiaries.

NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including "Risk Factors" and "Management’s Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition" contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements relating to future developments in our business or expectations for our future financial performance and any statement not involving a historical fact. Forward-looking statements use words such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "plan," and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with a discussion of future operating or financial performance. Actual results, performance or events may differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement due to, among other things, (i) general economic conditions, particularly economic conditions in our core markets, (ii) performance of financial markets, including emerging markets, (iii) the frequency and severity of insured loss events, (iv) the effects of natural or man-made disasters, including pandemic events, (v) mortality and morbidity levels, (vi) persistency and lapse levels, (vii) interest rates, (viii) currency exchange rates, (ix) general competitive factors, (x) changes in laws and regulations, such as those relating to Federal taxation, state insurance regulations and NAIC regulations and guidelines, (xi) changes in the policies of governments and/or regulatory authorities, and (xii) our parent company, Voya Financial, Inc.'s ability to successfully manage the separation of the Individual Life business that closed on January 4, 2021, including the transition services on the expected timeline and economic terms. Factors that may cause actual results to differ from those in any forward-looking statement also include those described under "Risk Factors" and "Management’s Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (File No. 033-23376) (the "Annual Report on Form 10-K") and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The risks included here are not exhaustive. Current reports on Form 8-K and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") include additional factors that could affect our businesses and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a rapidly changing and competitive environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors.

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PART I.     FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Item 1.     Financial Statements

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data)

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Investments:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $21,656 as of 2023 and $22,218 as of 2022; net of allowance for credit losses of $5 as of 2023 and $7 as of 2022)	$	19,704	$	19,772
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option	1,339		1,255
Equity securities, at fair value	128		133
Short-term investments	—		248
Mortgage loans on real estate, (net of allowance for credit losses of $14 as of 2023 and 2022)	4,134		4,213
Policy loans	158		159
Limited partnerships/corporations	1,060		1,043
Derivatives	270		322
Securities pledged (amortized cost of $971 as of 2023 and $894 as of 2022)	883		792
Other investments	134		132
Total investments	27,810		28,069
Cash and cash equivalents	233		220
Short-term investments under securities loan agreements, including collateral delivered	1,002		939
Accrued investment income	305		289
Premium receivable and reinsurance recoverable, (net of allowance for credit losses of $0 as of 2023 and $0 as of 2022)	3,028		3,032
Deferred policy acquisition costs and Value of business acquired	933		938
Deferred income taxes	659		774
Other assets (net of allowance for credit loss of $0 as of 2023 and $0 as of 2022)	2,026		1,681
Assets held in separate accounts	81,911		77,639
Total assets	$	117,907	$	113,581

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	4

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data)

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Liabilities:
Future policy benefits and contract owner account balances	$	32,460	$	32,942
Payables under securities loan agreements, including collateral held	941		921
Due to affiliates	161		134
Derivatives	319		331
Other liabilities	704		687
Liabilities related to separate accounts	81,911		77,639
Total liabilities	$	116,496	$	112,654
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Shareholder's equity:
Common stock (100,000 shares authorized, 55,000 issued and outstanding as of 2023 and 2022, respectively; $50 par value per share)	3		3
Additional paid-in capital	2,778		2,778
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,673)		(2,067)
Retained earnings (deficit)	303		213
Total shareholder's equity	1,411		927
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity	$	117,907	$	113,581

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	5

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
Revenues:
Net investment income		$	384	$	449
Fee income		237		263
Premiums		3		3
Net gains (losses)		(25)		(182)
Other revenue		6		11
Total revenues		605		544
Benefits and expenses:
Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders		184		176
Operating expenses		303		296
Net amortization of Deferred policy acquisition costs and Value of business acquired		19		21
Total benefits and expenses		506		493
Income (loss) before income taxes		99		51
Income tax expense (benefit)		9		(1)
Net income (loss)		$	90	$	52

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	6

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
Net income (loss)		$	90	$	52
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Change in current discount rate		6		16
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities		492		(1,879)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax		498		(1,863)
Income tax expense (benefit) related to items of other comprehensive income (loss)		104		(391)
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax		394		(1,472)
Comprehensive income (loss)		$	484	$	(1,420)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	7

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholder’s Equity

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings (Deficit)		Total Shareholder's Equity
Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	3	$	2,778	$	(2,067)	$	213	$	927
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		90		90
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax	—		—		394		—		394
Total comprehensive income (loss)									484
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	3	$	2,778	$	(1,673)	$	303	$	1,411
Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	3	$	3,191	$	1,562	$	324	$	5,080
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		52		52
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax	—		—		(1,472)		—		(1,472)
Total comprehensive income (loss)									(1,420)
Dividends paid and distributions of capital	—		—		—		(48)		(48)
Balance as of March 31, 2022	$	3	$	3,191	$	90	$	328	$	3,612

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	8

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 (Unaudited)

(In millions)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	285	$	367
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from the sale, maturity, disposal or redemption of:
Fixed maturities	1,398		1,271
Mortgage loans on real estate	132		144
Limited partnerships/corporations	8		20
Acquisition of:
Fixed maturities	(969)		(1,518)
Mortgage loans on real estate	(53)		(86)
Limited partnerships/corporations	(31)		(47)
Short-term investments, net	247		(6)
Derivatives, net	4		(7)
Short-term loan to affiliate, net	(409)		(692)
Receipts on deposit asset contracts	68		28
Other, net	(38)		(22)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	357		(915)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Deposits received for investment contracts	540		1,030
Maturities and withdrawals from investment contracts	(1,206)		(758)
Dividends paid and distributions of capital	—		(48)
Other, net	37		43
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(629)		267
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	13		(281)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	220		436
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	233	$	155

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
	9

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

1.    Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Business

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company ("VRIAC") is a stock life insurance company domiciled in the State of Connecticut. VRIAC and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company") provide financial products and services in the United States. VRIAC is authorized to conduct its insurance business in all states and in the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

VRIAC is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc. ("Parent"), which is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Financial, Inc. ("Voya Financial").

The Company derives its revenue mainly from (a) Investment income earned on investments, (b) Fee income generated from separate account assets supporting variable options under variable annuity contract investments, as designated by contract owners, (c) Premiums, (d) Net gains (losses) on investments and changes in fair value of embedded derivatives on product guarantees, and (e) Other revenue which includes certain other fees. The Company's benefits and expenses primarily consist of (a) Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders, (b) Operating expenses, which include expenses related to the selling and servicing of the various products offered by us and other general business expenses, and (c) Amortization of Deferred acquisition costs ("DAC") and Value of business acquired ("VOBA"). In addition, the Company collects broker-dealer commission revenues through Voya Financial Partners, LLC ("VFP"), which are, in turn, paid to broker-dealers and expensed.

The Company offers qualified and non-qualified annuity contracts that include a variety of funding and payout options for individuals and employer-sponsored retirement plans qualified under Internal Revenue Code Sections 401, 403, 408, 457 and 501, as well as non-qualified deferred compensation plans and related services. The Company's products are offered primarily to public and private school systems, higher education institutions, hospitals and healthcare facilities, not-for-profit organizations, state and local governments, small to mid-sized corporations and individuals. The Company also provides stable value investment options, including separate account guaranteed investment contracts (e.g., GICs) and synthetic GICs, to institutional clients. Pension risk transfer group annuity solutions were previously offered to institutional plan sponsors who needed to transfer their defined benefit plan obligations to the Company. The Company discontinued sales of these solutions to better align business activities to the Company's priorities. This business was transferred as part of the Individual Life Transaction described below. The Company's products are generally distributed through independent brokers and advisors, third-party administrators and consultants.

Products offered by the Company include deferred and immediate (i.e., payout) annuity contracts. The Company's products also include programs offered to qualified plans and non-qualified deferred compensation plans that package administrative and record-keeping services, participant education, and retirement readiness planning tools along with a variety of investment options, including proprietary and non-proprietary mutual funds and variable and fixed investment options. In addition, the Company offers wrapper agreements entered into with retirement plans, which contain certain benefit responsive guarantees (i.e., guarantees of principal and previously accrued interest for benefits paid under the terms of the plan) with respect to portfolios of plan-owned assets not invested with the Company. Stable value products are also provided to institutional plan sponsors where the Company may or may not be providing other employer sponsored products and services.

The Company has one operating segment.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") and are unaudited. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Those estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from those estimates, and the differences may be material to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

10

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of VRIAC and its wholly owned subsidiaries, VFP, Voya Institutional Plan Services, LLC ("VIPS"), and Voya Retirement Advisors, LLC ("VRA"). Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and reflect adjustments (including normal, recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented, in conformity with U.S. GAAP. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of full year performance.

As a result of the modified retrospective adoption methodology for Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-12, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, ("ASU 2018-12") adjustments have been made to the December 31, 2022 audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC. Certain of these adjustments are included in the Adoption of New Pronouncements - Long-Duration Contracts section, in accordance with the transition disclosure requirements of ASU 2018-12, and are unaudited. These interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Significant Accounting Policies

Effective January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2018-12, as amended. As a result, the Company made changes to the following significant accounting policies:

Estimates and Assumptions

Upon adoption of ASU 2018-12, DAC and VOBA were no longer considered significant estimates by the Company, as the amortization methodology is no longer subject to a significant degree of variability and does not require a high degree of judgment.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Value of Business Acquired

DAC represents policy acquisition costs that have been capitalized and are subject to amortization. Capitalized costs are incremental, direct costs of contract acquisition and certain other costs related directly to successful acquisition activities. Such costs consist principally of commissions, underwriting, sales and contract issuance and processing expenses directly related to the successful acquisition of new and renewal business. Indirect or unsuccessful acquisition costs, maintenance, product development and overhead expenses are charged to expense as incurred. VOBA represents the outstanding value of in-force business acquired and is subject to amortization. The value is based on the present value of estimated net cash flows embedded in the insurance contracts at the time of the acquisition and increased for subsequent deferrable expenses on purchased policies. DAC/VOBA amortization is recorded in Net amortization of Deferred policy acquisition costs and Value of business acquired in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Amortization Methodologies

The Company amortizes DAC/VOBA related to deferred annuity contracts on a constant level basis over the expected term of the related contracts. Contracts are grouped for amortization purposes by market type and issue year cohort using assumptions on a basis consistent with those used in estimating the associated liability or other related balance, where applicable.

The principal assumption deemed critical to the DAC/VOBA amortization is the estimated contract term, which incorporates mortality and persistency, and represents management’s best estimate of future outcome. The Company periodically reviews this assumption against actual experience and, based on additional information that becomes available, updates the assumption. Changes in contract term estimates are reflected prospectively in amortization expense as of the beginning of the reporting period in which the change is made.

VOBA is subject to recoverability testing; DAC is not. The Company performs testing to assess the recoverability of VOBA on an annual basis, or more frequently if circumstances indicate a potential loss recognition issue exists. If VOBA is not deemed recoverable, charges will be applied against the VOBA balance before an additional reserve is established.

11

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Future Policy Benefits

The Company establishes and carries actuarially-determined reserves that are calculated to meet its future obligations, including estimates of unpaid claims and claims that the Company believes have been incurred but have not yet been reported as of the balance sheet date. Reserves for payout contracts with life contingencies are equal to the present value of future payments.

Principal assumptions used to establish liabilities for future policy benefits include interest rate, mortality, morbidity, policy lapse, contract renewal, payment of subsequent premiums or deposits by the contract owner, retirement, inflation, and benefit utilization. Other than interest rate assumptions, these assumptions are based on Company experience and periodically reviewed against industry standards. The Company reviews these assumptions at least annually and updates them if necessary. In addition to assumption updates, the Company adjusts reserves for actual experience in the period in which the experience occurs. Changes in, or deviations from, the assumptions used can significantly affect the Company's reserve levels and related results of operations. Remeasurements of the reserves as a result of assumption updates and adjustments for actual experience are recognized in Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Interest rates used in discounting the reserves are based on an upper-medium grade (low-credit-risk) fixed-income instrument yield derived from observable market data. A 30-year forward rate is used for periods beyond the last observable market point. Reserves are remeasured quarterly to reflect changes in the discount rate, with the resulting change recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"). Locked-in interest rates used to determine interest accretion on reserves for new contracts sold after January 1, 2021 are based on the upper-medium grade (low-credit-risk) fixed-income instrument yield applicable at the time the business was issued. Locked-in interest accretion rates for contracts in force as of the January 1, 2021 transition date for ASU 2018-12 are based on the locked-in interest rates in effect for those contracts immediately before the transition date. Interest accretion is recorded in Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Product Guarantees and Additional Reserves

The Company calculates additional reserve liabilities for certain variable annuity guaranteed benefits and variable funding products. The Company periodically evaluates its estimates and adjusts the additional liability balance, with a related charge or credit to benefit expense, if actual experience or other evidence suggests that earlier assumptions should be revised. Changes in, or deviations from, the assumptions used can significantly affect the Company's reserve levels and related results of operations.

Stabilizer and MCG: Guaranteed credited rates give rise to an embedded derivative in the stabilizer ("Stabilizer") products and a stand-alone derivative for managed custody guarantee products ("MCG"). These derivatives are measured at estimated fair value and recorded in Future policy benefits and contract owner account balances. Changes in estimated fair value, that are not related to attributed fees collected or payments made, are reported in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The estimated fair value of the Stabilizer embedded derivative and MCG stand-alone derivative is determined based on the present value of projected future claims, minus the present value of future guaranteed premiums. At inception of the contract, the Company projects a guaranteed premium to be equal to the present value of the projected future claims. The income associated with the contracts is projected using actuarial and capital market assumptions, including benefits and related contract charges, over the anticipated life of the related contracts. The cash flow estimates are projected under multiple capital market scenarios using observable risk-free rates and other best estimate assumptions.

The liabilities for the Stabilizer embedded derivative and the MCG stand-alone derivative include a risk margin to capture uncertainties related to policyholder behavior assumptions. The margin represents additional compensation a market participant would require to assume these risks.

The discount rate used to determine the fair value of the liabilities for the Stabilizer embedded derivative and the MCG stand-alone derivative includes an adjustment to reflect the risk that these obligations will not be fulfilled ("nonperformance risk").

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Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Reinsurance

The Company utilizes reinsurance agreements in most aspects of its insurance business to reduce its exposure to large losses. Such reinsurance permits recovery of a portion of losses from reinsurers, although it does not discharge the primary liability of the Company as direct insurer of the risks reinsured.

For each of its reinsurance agreements, the Company determines whether the agreement provides indemnification against loss or liability relating to insurance risk. The Company reviews contractual features, particularly those that may limit the amount of insurance risk to which the reinsurer is subject or features that delay the timely reimbursement of claims. The assumptions used to account for long-duration reinsurance agreements are consistent with those used for the underlying contracts with the exception of the interest accretion rate on reinsurance recoverable assets associated with in-force business reinsured. Ceded Future policy benefits and contract owner account balances are reported gross on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

For reinsurance of long-duration contracts that transfer significant insurance risk, the difference, if any, between the amounts paid and benefits received related to the underlying contracts is included in the expected net cost of reinsurance, which is recorded in Premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable or Other liabilities, as appropriate, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Accounting for reinsurance requires use of assumptions and estimates, particularly related to the future performance of the underlying business and the potential impact of counterparty credit risks. The Company reviews assumptions used to establish assets and liabilities relating to ceded and assumed reinsurance at least annually and updates them if necessary. In addition to the assumption updates, the Company adjusts these assets or liabilities for actual experience in the period in which the experience occurs. The Company also evaluates the financial strength of potential reinsurers and continually monitors the financial condition of reinsurers.

Reinsurance recoverable balances are reported net of the allowance for credit losses on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Management estimates the credit loss allowance balance using a factor-based method of probability of default and loss given default which incorporates relevant available information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Included in the factor-based method are the consideration of capital market factors, counterparty financial information and ratings, and reinsurance agreement-specific risk characteristics such as collateral type, collateral size, and covenant strength.

The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the reinsurance recoverable balance to present the net amount expected to be collected on the reinsurance recoverable. The change in the allowance for credit losses is recorded in Policyholder benefits in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Current reinsurance recoverable balances deemed probable of recovery and payable balances under reinsurance agreements are included in Premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable and Other liabilities, respectively. Such assets and liabilities relating to reinsurance agreements with the same reinsurer are recorded net on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets if a right of offset exists within the reinsurance agreement. Premiums, Fee income and Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders are reported net of reinsurance ceded.

Significant accounting policies that were unchanged from those included in the Company’s December 31, 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as a result of the adoption of ASU 2018-12 have not been repeated. These policies include Internal Replacements, Contract Owner Account Balances, and Separate Accounts.

13

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Adoption of New Pronouncements

Long-Duration Contracts

The following section provides a description of the Company's adoption of ASU 2018-12 issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") and the impact of the adoption on the Company's financial statements:

This standard, issued in August 2018, changes the measurement and disclosures of insurance liabilities and DAC for long-duration contracts issued by insurers. In addition to expanded disclosures, the standard’s requirements include:

•Annual review and, if necessary, update of cash flow assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits for nonparticipating traditional and limited payment insurance contracts, measured on a retrospective catch-up basis and recognized in the period the update is made. The rate used is required to be updated quarterly, with related changes in the liability recorded in AOCI.

•Fair value measurement of contract guarantee features qualifying as Market Risk Benefits (“MRB”), with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Operations. Changes in the instrument-specific credit risk will be recorded in AOCI.

•Amortization of DAC on a constant level basis over the expected term of the contracts, without reference to revenue or profitability. An accounting election may be made to apply the DAC requirements to VOBA.

The Company adopted ASU 2018-12 on January 1, 2023, on a modified retrospective basis for the liability for future policy benefits and DAC and on a full retrospective basis for MRBs. The January 1, 2021 transition impact increased Total shareholder’s equity. This increase was primarily driven by the removal of DAC/VOBA and Premium deficiency reserve adjustment balances, and partially offset by the impact of remeasurement of Future policy benefits and Reinsurance recoverable

using the discount rate at January 1, 2021. Total shareholder’s equity was also impacted by the establishment of MRB liabilities related to guaranteed minimum benefits on certain deferred annuity contracts.

Disclosures and post-transition comparative information have been restated to conform to the requirements of ASU 2018-12.

The following tables provide additional information related to the transition adjustments:

	DAC		VOBA
	Wealth Solutions Deferred and Individual Annuities
Balance, December 31, 2020	$	129	$	40
Adjustment for removal of related balances in AOCI	439		386
Balance, January 1, 2021	$	568	$	426

14

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table presents information on transition adjustments, net of tax, related to the adoption of ASU 2018-12 for retained earnings and AOCI to arrive at the opening balances as of January 1, 2021:

Total Shareholder's equity December 31, 2020	$	4,897
AOCI
Reversal of AOCI adjustments	1,018
Effect of remeasurement of liability at current discount rate	(339)
Total AOCI adjustments	$	679
Retained Earnings
Establishment of MRBs	$	(61)
Other adjustments	3
Total Retained earnings	$	(58)
Total adjustment for the adoption of ASU 2018-12	$	621
Total Shareholder's equity January 1, 2021	$	5,518

The following table provides a description of the Company’s adoption of other new ASUs issued by the FASB and the impact of adoption on the Company’s financial statements:

Standard	Description of Requirements	Effective Date and Transition Provisions	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2022-02, Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDRs") and Vintage Disclosures	This standard, issued in March 2022, eliminates the accounting guidance on troubled debt restructurings for creditors, requires enhanced disclosures for creditors about loan modifications when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and requires public business entities to include current-period gross write-offs in the vintage disclosure tables.	January 1, 2023 on a prospective basis.	Adoption of the ASU did not have an impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Required disclosure changes have been included in the Investments (excluding Consolidated Investment Entities) Note to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform	This standard, issued in March 2020, provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying U.S. GAAP principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met.	The amendments were effective as of March 12, 2020, the issuance date of the ASU. An entity may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2024.	The Company has elected to apply the optional expedient provided in ASU 2020-04 for qualifying contract modifications. To date, adoption of the guidance has not had a material impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. The Company will continue to evaluate the impacts of reference rate reform on contract modifications and hedging relationships as transition progresses.

15

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Future Adoption of Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a description of future adoptions of new accounting standards that may have an impact on the Company's financial statements when adopted:

Standard	Description of Requirements	Effective Date and Transition Provisions	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	This standard, issued in June 2022, clarifies that contractual restrictions on equity security sales are not considered part of the security unit of account and, therefore, are not considered in measuring fair value. In addition, the restrictions cannot be recognized and measured as separate units of account. Disclosures on such restrictions are also required.	The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and are required to be applied prospectively, with any adjustments from the adoption recognized in earnings and disclosed.	The Company is currently in the process of determining the impact of adoption of the provisions of ASU 2022-03.

2.    Investments

Fixed Maturities

Available-for-sale and fair value option ("FVO") fixed maturities were as follows as of March 31, 2023:

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Capital Gains		Gross Unrealized Capital Losses		Embedded Derivatives(2)		Fair Value		Allowance for credit losses
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasuries	$	316	$	7	$	19	$	—	$	304	$	—
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	32		—		2		—		30		—
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	667		2		68		—		601		—
U.S. corporate public securities	6,768		62		832		—		5,998		—
U.S. corporate private securities	3,904		23		273		—		3,654		—
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	2,333		19		259		—		2,089		4
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	2,543		12		139		—		2,415		1
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,982		28		131		2		2,881		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,942		—		371		—		2,571		—
Other asset-backed securities	1,479		2		98		—		1,383		—
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	23,966		155		2,192		2		21,926		5
Less: Securities pledged	971		—		88		—		883		—
Total fixed maturities	$	22,995	$	155	$	2,104	$	2	$	21,043	$	5

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

(2) Embedded derivatives within fixed maturity securities are reported with the host investment. The changes in fair value of embedded derivatives are reported in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

16

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Available-for-sale and FVO fixed maturities were as follows as of December 31, 2022:

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Capital Gains		Gross Unrealized Capital Losses		Embedded Derivatives(2)		Fair Value		Allowance for credit losses
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasuries	$	404	$	4	$	31	$	—	$	377	$	—
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	33		—		3		—		30		—
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	691		1		92		—		600		—
U.S. corporate public securities	6,938		32		1,032		—		5,938		—
U.S. corporate private securities	3,885		11		328		—		3,568		—
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	2,380		9		317		—		2,066		6
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	2,617		6		184		—		2,438		1
Residential mortgage-backed securities	3,023		21		153		2		2,893		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,978		—		379		—		2,599		—
Other asset-backed securities	1,418		1		109		—		1,310		—
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	24,367		85		2,628		2		21,819		7
Less: Securities pledged	894		3		105		—		792		—
Total fixed maturities	$	23,473	$	82	$	2,523	$	2	$	21,027	$	7

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

(2) Embedded derivatives within fixed maturity securities are reported with the host investment. The changes in fair value of embedded derivatives are reported in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities, including securities pledged, as of March 31, 2023, are shown below by contractual maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities as securities may be restructured, called or prepaid. Mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and Other asset-backed securities ("ABS") are shown separately because they are not due at a single maturity date.

	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due to mature:
One year or less	$	488	$	485
After one year through five years	3,292		3,144
After five years through ten years	3,228		3,055
After ten years	9,555		8,407
Mortgage-backed securities	5,924		5,452
Other asset-backed securities	1,479		1,383
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged	$	23,966	$	21,926

The investment portfolio is monitored to maintain a diversified portfolio on an ongoing basis. Credit risk is mitigated by monitoring concentrations by issuer, sector and geographic stratification and limiting exposure to any one issuer.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any investments in a single issuer, other than obligations of the U.S. Government and government agencies, with a carrying value in excess of 10% of the Company's Total Shareholder's Equity.

17

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following tables present the composition of the U.S. and foreign corporate securities within the fixed maturity portfolio by industry category as of the dates indicated:

	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Capital Gains		Gross Unrealized Capital Losses		Fair Value
March 31, 2023
Communications	$	915	$	15	$	88	$	842
Financial	3,059		27		351		2,735
Industrial and other companies	6,174		29		611		5,592
Energy	1,497		22		104		1,415
Utilities	2,652		18		236		2,434
Transportation	881		4		78		807
Total	$	15,178	$	115	$	1,468	$	13,825
December 31, 2022
Communications	$	911	$	8	$	117	$	802
Financial	3,155		16		406		2,765
Industrial and other companies	6,344		10		774		5,580
Energy	1,486		11		131		1,366
Utilities	2,665		9		291		2,383
Transportation	915		1		100		816
Total	$	15,476	$	55	$	1,819	$	13,712

The Company has elected the FVO for certain of its fixed maturities to better match the measurement of assets and liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Certain collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"), primarily interest-only and principal-only strips, are accounted for as hybrid instruments and reported at fair value with changes in the fair

value recorded in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company invests in various categories of CMOs, including CMOs that are not agency-backed, that are subject to different degrees of risk from changes in interest rates and defaults. The principal risks inherent in holding CMOs are prepayment and extension risks related to significant decreases and increases in interest rates resulting in the prepayment of principal from the underlying mortgages, either earlier or later than originally anticipated. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 51.6% and 46.9%, respectively, of the Company’s CMO holdings, were invested in the above mentioned types of CMOs such as interest-only or principal-only strips, that are subject to more prepayment and extension risk than traditional CMOs.

Public corporate fixed maturity securities are distinguished from private corporate fixed maturity securities based upon the manner in which they are transacted. Public corporate fixed maturity securities are issued initially through market intermediaries on a registered basis or pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act") and are traded on the secondary market through brokers acting as principal. Private corporate fixed maturity securities are originally issued by borrowers directly to investors pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, and are traded in the secondary market directly with counterparties, either without the participation of a broker or in agency transactions.

Repurchase Agreements

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any securities pledged in dollar rolls, repurchase agreement transactions or reverse repurchase agreements.

18

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Securities Lending

The Company engages in securities lending whereby the initial collateral is required at a rate of 102% of the market value of the loaned securities.  The lending agent retains the collateral and invests it in high quality liquid assets on behalf of the Company. The market value of the loaned securities is monitored on a daily basis with additional collateral obtained or refunded as the market value of the loaned securities fluctuates. The lending agent indemnifies the Company against losses resulting from the failure of a counterparty to return securities pledged where collateral is insufficient to cover the loss. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of loaned securities was $761 and $690, respectively, and is included in Securities pledged on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

If cash is received as collateral, the lending agent retains the cash collateral and invests it in short-term liquid assets on behalf of the Company. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, cash collateral retained by the lending agent and invested in short-term liquid assets on the Company's behalf was $689 and $615, respectively, and is recorded in Short-term investments under securities loan agreements, including collateral delivered on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, liabilities to return collateral of $689 and $615, respectively, are included in Payables under securities loan agreements, including collateral held, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company accepts non-cash collateral in the form of securities. The securities retained as collateral by the lending agent may not be sold or re-pledged, except in the event of default, and are not reflected on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This collateral generally consists of U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government agency securities and MBS pools. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of securities retained as collateral by the lending agent on the Company’s behalf was $95 and $103, respectively.

The following table presents borrowings under securities lending transactions by asset class pledged as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
U.S. Treasuries	$	5	$	51
U.S. corporate public securities	559		466
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments	220		201
Payables under securities loan agreements	$	784	$	718

The Company's securities lending activities are conducted on an overnight basis, and all securities loaned can be recalled at any time. The Company does not offset assets and liabilities associated with its securities lending program.

Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs")

The Company holds certain VIEs for investment purposes. VIEs may be in the form of private placement securities, structured securities, securitization transactions or limited partnerships. The Company has reviewed each of its holdings and determined that consolidation of these investments in the Company’s financial statements is not required, as the Company is not the primary beneficiary, because the Company does not have both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation or right to potentially significant losses or benefits, for any of its investments in VIEs. The Company did not provide any non-contractual financial support and its carrying value represents the Company’s exposure to loss. The carrying value and ownership interest of these investments are included in Limited partnerships/corporations on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income and losses recognized on these investments are reported in Net investment income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Securitizations

The Company invests in various tranches of securitization entities, including Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS"), Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") and ABS. Through its investments, the Company is not obligated to provide any financial or other support to these entities. Each of the RMBS, CMBS and ABS entities are thinly capitalized by design and considered VIEs. The Company's involvement with these entities is limited to that of a passive investor. The Company has no unilateral right to appoint or remove the servicer, special servicer or investment manager, which

19

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

are generally viewed to have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the securitization entities' economic performance, in any of these entities, nor does the Company function in any of these roles. The Company, through its investments or other arrangements, does not have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. Therefore, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate any of the RMBS, CMBS and ABS entities in which it holds investments. These investments are accounted for as investments available-for-sale as described in the Fair Value Measurements Note to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and unrealized capital gains (losses) on these securities are recorded directly in AOCI, except for certain RMBS that are accounted for under the FVO, for which changes in fair value are reflected in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these structured investments is limited to the amount of its investment.

Allowance for credit losses

The following table presents a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities for the period presented:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments		Foreign corporate private securities		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	6	$	1	$	7
Reductions for securities sold during the period	(2)		—		(2)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	4	$	1	$	5

	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Residential mortgage-backed securities		Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments		Foreign corporate private securities		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	1	$	—	$	47	$	48
Credit losses on securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded	—		6		—		6
Reductions for securities sold during the period	—		—		(49)		(49)
Increase (decrease) on securities with allowance recorded in previous period	(1)		—		3		2
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	—	$	6	$	1	$	7

20

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Unrealized Capital Losses

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturities, including securities pledged, for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded by market sector and duration as of March 31, 2023:

	Twelve Months or Less Below Amortized Cost					More Than Twelve Months Below Amortized Cost					Total
		Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses		Number of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses		Number of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses		Number of securities
U.S. Treasuries		$	58	$	1	10	$	83	$	18	10	$	141	$	19	20
U.S. Government, agencies and authorities		—		—		—	17		2		2	17		2		2
State, municipalities and political subdivisions		419		31		196	139		37		83	558		68		279
U.S. corporate public securities		2,522		175		474	2,333		657		689	4,855		832		1,163
U.S. corporate private securities		1,734		89		184	1,242		184		146	2,976		273		330
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments		905		56		195	777		203		218	1,682		259		413
Foreign corporate private securities		1,492		60		130	643		79		64	2,135		139		194
Residential mortgage-backed		501		28		280	588		103		338	1,089		131		618
Commercial mortgage-backed		950		102		175	1,594		269		391	2,544		371		566
Other asset-backed		340		16		110	988		82		336	1,328		98		446
Total		$	8,921	$	558	1,754	$	8,404	$	1,634	2,277	$	17,325	$	2,192	4,031

The Company concluded that an allowance for credit losses was unnecessary for these securities because the unrealized losses are not credit related.

21

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table presents available-for-sale fixed maturities, including securities pledged, for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded by market sector and duration as of December 31, 2022:

	Twelve Months or Less Below Amortized Cost				More Than Twelve Months Below Amortized Cost				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses			Number of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses		Number of securities	Fair Value		Unrealized Capital  Losses		Number of securities
U.S. Treasuries	$	223	$	30		18	$	2	$	1	3	$	225	$	31	21
U.S. Government, agencies and authorities	30		3			3	—		—		—	30		3		3
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	545		85			276	15		7		16	560		92		292
U.S. corporate public securities	4,290		613			901	998		419		360	5,288		1,032		1,261
U.S. corporate private securities	2,819		264			312	331		64		32	3,150		328		344
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments	1,509		201			348	298		116		93	1,807		317		441
Foreign corporate private securities	2,203		173			200	52		11		6	2,255		184		206
Residential mortgage-backed	1,065		78			441	328		75		215	1,393		153		656
Commercial mortgage-backed	1,792		252			373	759		127		189	2,551		379		562
Other asset-backed	912		68			281	360		41		155	1,272		109		436
Total	$	15,388	$	1,767		3,153	$	3,143	$	861	1,069	$	18,531	$	2,628	4,222

Based on the Company's quarterly evaluation of its securities in a unrealized loss position, described below, the Company concluded that these securities were not impaired as of March 31, 2023. The Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases.

Gross unrealized capital losses on fixed maturities, including securities pledged, decreased $436 from $2,628 to $2,192 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decreased in gross unrealized capital losses was driven primarily by lower interest rates across the yield curve. As of March 31, 2023, $33 of the total $2,192 of gross unrealized losses were from 69 available-for-sale fixed maturity securities with an unrealized loss position of 20% or more of amortized cost for 12 months or greater.

Evaluating Securities for Impairments

The Company performs a regular evaluation, on a security-by-security basis, of its available-for-sale securities holdings, including fixed maturity securities in accordance with its impairment policy in order to evaluate whether such investments are impaired.

22

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table identifies the Company's intent impairments included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, excluding impairments included in Other comprehensive income (loss) by type for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022
	Impairment			No. of Securities	Impairment		No. of Securities
Residential mortgage-backed	$	—	*	2	$	5	11
Total	$	—	*	2	$	5	11
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
*Less than $1

The Company may sell securities during the period in which fair value has declined below amortized cost for fixed maturities. In certain situations, new factors, including changes in the business environment, can change the Company’s previous intent to continue holding a security. Accordingly, these factors may lead the Company to record additional intent related capital losses.

Debt Restructuring

Upon the adoption of ASU 2022-02 as of January 1, 2023, the Company no longer identifies certain debt modifications as troubled debt restructuring, but instead evaluates all debt modifications to determine whether a modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. Disclosures are required for loan modifications with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any debt modifications that require such disclosure.

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate

The Company diversifies its commercial mortgage loan portfolio by geographic region and property type to reduce concentration risk. The Company manages risk when originating commercial mortgage loans by generally lending only up to 75% of the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate. Subsequently, the Company continuously evaluates mortgage loans based on relevant current information including a review of loan-specific performance, property characteristics and market trends. Loan performance is monitored on a loan specific basis through the review of submitted appraisals, operating statements, rent revenues and annual inspection reports, among other items. This review ensures properties are performing at a consistent and acceptable level to secure the debt. The components to evaluate debt service coverage are received and reviewed at least annually to determine the level of risk.

Loan-to-value ("LTV") and debt service coverage ("DSC") ratios are measures commonly used to assess the risk and quality of mortgage loans. The LTV ratio, calculated at time of origination, is expressed as a percentage of the amount of the loan relative to the value of the underlying property. A LTV ratio in excess of 100% indicates the unpaid loan amount exceeds the underlying collateral. The DSC ratio, based upon the most recently received financial statements, is expressed as a percentage of the amount of a property’s net income to its debt service payments. A DSC ratio of less than 1.0 indicates that a property’s operations do not generate sufficient income to cover debt payments. These ratios are utilized as part of the review process described above.

23

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following tables present commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and LTV ratio as of the dates indicated:

	As of March 31, 2023
	Loan-to-Value Ratios
Year of Origination	0% - 50%		>50% - 60%		>60% - 70%		>70% - 80%		>80% and above		Total
2023	$	38	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	38
2022	206		296		63		—		—		565
2021	183		206		236		—		—		625
2020	126		134		14		10		—		284
2019	166		71		20		—		—		257
2018	121		34		3		—		—		158
2017 and prior	1,805		397		19		—		—		2,221
Total	$	2,645	$	1,138	$	355	$	10	$	—	$	4,148

	As of December 31, 2022
	Loan-to-Value Ratios
Year of Origination	0% - 50%		>50% - 60%		>60% - 70%		>70% - 80%		>80% and above		Total
2022	$	210	$	283	$	63	$	—	$	—	$	556
2021	187		229		239		10		—		665
2020	98		170		24		10		—		302
2019	167		72		20		—		—		259
2018	123		34		3		—		—		160
2017 and prior	1,866		399		20		—		—		2,285
Total	$	2,651	$	1,187	$	369	$	20	$	—	$	4,227

The following tables present commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and DSC ratio as of the dates indicated:

	As of March 31, 2023
	Debt Service Coverage Ratios
Year of Origination	>1.5x		>1.25x - 1.5x		>1.0x - 1.25x		<1.0x		Total*
2023	$	34	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	38
2022	243		70		171		81		565
2021	209		18		94		304		625
2020	199		21		5		59		284
2019	160		35		57		5		257
2018	87		21		50		—		158
2017 and prior	1,522		326		170		203		2,221
Total	$	2,454	$	495	$	547	$	652	$	4,148

*No commercial mortgage loans were secured by land or construction loans

24

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

	As of December 31, 2022
	Debt Service Coverage Ratios
Year of Origination	>1.5x		>1.25x - 1.5x		>1.0x - 1.25x		<1.0x		Total*
2022	$	278	$	89	$	171	$	18	$	556
2021	212		24		248		181		665
2020	211		9		10		72		302
2019	161		40		53		5		259
2018	93		21		46		—		160
2017 and prior	1,569		331		171		214		2,285
Total	$	2,524	$	514	$	699	$	490	$	4,227

*No commercial mortgage loans were secured by land or construction loans

The following tables present the commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and U.S. region as of the dates indicated:

	As of March 31, 2023
	U.S. Region
Year of Origination	Pacific		South Atlantic		Middle Atlantic		West South Central		Mountain		East North Central		New England		West North Central		East South Central		Total
2023	$	13	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	21	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	38
2022	114		115		46		87		101		81		1		1		19		565
2021	78		44		110		140		98		108		9		37		1		625
2020	63		136		14		14		8		30		—		6		13		284
2019	46		73		6		53		34		4		14		11		16		257
2018	29		54		48		7		6		9		—		5		—		158
2017 and prior	479		450		598		184		162		184		34		114		16		2,221
Total	$	822	$	872	$	824	$	485	$	409	$	437	$	60	$	174	$	65	$	4,148

	As of December 31, 2022
	U.S. Region
Year of Origination	Pacific		South Atlantic		Middle Atlantic		West South Central		Mountain		East North Central		New England		West North Central		East South Central		Total
2022	$	114	$	115	$	46	$	87	$	101	$	73	$	1	$	1	$	18	$	556
2021	79		53		112		139		97		117		9		37		22		665
2020	64		143		14		14		8		30		—		6		23		302
2019	47		73		6		54		34		5		14		10		16		259
2018	28		55		49		7		7		9		—		5		—		160
2017 and prior	485		466		607		196		172		192		34		116		17		2,285
Total	$	817	$	905	$	834	$	497	$	419	$	426	$	58	$	175	$	96	$	4,227

25

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following tables present the commercial mortgage loans by year of origination and property type as of the dates indicated:

	As of March 31, 2023
	Property Type
Year of Origination	Retail		Industrial		Apartments		Office		Hotel/Motel		Other		Mixed Use		Total
2023	$	9	$	2	$	13	$	14	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	38
2022	72		234		218		25		10		6		—		565
2021	23		143		344		100		—		7		8		625
2020	50		48		70		116		—		—		—		284
2019	29		57		127		33		11		—		—		257
2018	34		68		29		11		—		16		—		158
2017 and prior	614		608		433		364		47		116		39		2,221
Total	$	831	$	1,160	$	1,234	$	663	$	68	$	145	$	47	$	4,148

	As of December 31, 2022
	Property Type
Year of Origination	Retail		Industrial		Apartments		Office		Hotel/Motel		Other		Mixed Use		Total
2022	$	72	$	227	$	216	$	25	$	10	$	6	$	—	$	556
2021	23		144		382		100		—		8		8		665
2020	50		48		80		124		—		—		—		302
2019	29		58		128		33		11		—		—		259
2018	34		69		30		11		—		16		—		160
2017 and prior	633		620		456		372		48		117		39		2,285
Total	$	841	$	1,166	$	1,292	$	665	$	69	$	147	$	47	$	4,227

The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for losses for commercial mortgage loans for the periods indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of the period	$	14	$	11
Credit losses on mortgage loans for which credit losses were not previously recorded	1		2
Increase (decrease) on mortgage loans with allowance recorded in previous period	(1)		1
Provision for expected credit losses	14		14
Write-offs	—		—
Recoveries of amounts previously written off	—		—
Allowance for credit losses, end of period	$	14	$	14

26

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table presents past due commercial mortgage loans as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Delinquency:
Current	$	4,148	$	4,227
30-59 days past due	—		—
60-89 days past due	—		—
Greater than 90 days past due	—		—
Total	$	4,148	$	4,227

Commercial mortgage loans are placed on non-accrual status when 90 days in arrears if the Company has concerns regarding the collectability of future payments, or if a loan has matured without being paid off or extended. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no commercial mortgage loans in non-accrual status. There was no interest income recognized on loans in non-accrual status for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year ended December 31, 2022.

Net Investment Income

The following table summarizes Net investment income for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Fixed maturities	$	333	$	349
Equity securities	3		2
Mortgage loans on real estate	48		44
Policy loans	2		2
Short-term investments and cash equivalents	2		1
Limited partnerships and other	14		68
Gross investment income	402		466
Less: Investment expenses	18		17
Net investment income	$	384	$	449

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $8 investments in fixed maturities that did not produce net investment income. Fixed maturities are moved to a non-accrual status when the investment defaults.

Interest income on fixed maturities is recorded when earned using an effective yield method, giving effect to amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Such interest income is recorded in Net investment income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Net Gains (Losses)

Net gains (losses) comprise the difference between the amortized cost of investments and proceeds from sale and redemption, as well as losses incurred due to the credit-related and intent-related impairment of investments. Net gains (losses) are also primarily generated from changes in fair value of embedded derivatives within products and fixed maturities, changes in fair value of fixed maturities recorded at FVO and changes in fair value including accruals on derivative instruments, except for effective cash flow hedges. Net gains (losses) also include changes in fair value of trading debt securities and changes in fair value of equity securities. The cost of the investments on disposal is generally determined based on first-in-first-out ("FIFO") methodology.

27

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Net gains (losses) were as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, including securities pledged	$	(9)	$	(59)
Fixed maturities, at fair value option	11		(175)
Equity securities, at fair value	(4)		(4)
Derivatives	(28)		52
Embedded derivatives - fixed maturities	1		(2)
Other derivatives, net	—		7
Managed custody guarantees	3		(3)
Mortgage loans	—		3
Other investments	1		(1)
Net gains (losses)	$	(25)	$	(182)

Proceeds from the sale of fixed maturities, available-for-sale and equity securities and the related gross realized gains and losses, before tax, were as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Proceeds on sales	$	880	$	870
Gross gains	12		10
Gross losses	21		25

3.    Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company primarily enters into the following types of derivatives:

Interest rate swaps: Interest rate swaps are used by the Company primarily to reduce market risks from changes in interest rates and to alter interest rate exposure arising from mismatches between assets and/or liabilities. Interest rate swaps are also used to hedge the interest rate risk associated with the value of assets it owns or in an anticipation of acquiring them. Using interest rate swaps, the Company agrees with another party to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed rate and floating rate interest payments, calculated by reference to an agreed upon notional principal amount. These transactions are entered into pursuant to master agreements that provide for a single net payment to be made to/from the counterparty at each due date. The Company utilizes these contracts in qualifying hedging relationships as well as non-qualifying hedging relationships.

Foreign exchange swaps: The Company uses foreign exchange or currency swaps to reduce the risk of change in the value, yield or cash flows associated with certain foreign denominated invested assets. Foreign exchange swaps represent contracts that require the exchange of foreign currency cash flows against U.S. dollar cash flows at regular periods, typically quarterly or semi-annually. The Company utilizes these contracts in qualifying hedging relationships as well as non-qualifying hedging relationships.

Futures: The Company uses interest rate futures contracts to hedge its exposure to market risks due to changes in interest rates. The Company enters into exchange traded futures with regulated futures commissions that are members of the exchange. The Company also posts initial and variation margins, with the exchange, on a daily basis. The Company utilizes exchange-traded futures in non-qualifying hedging relationships. The Company may also use futures contracts as a hedge against an increase in certain equity indices.

Embedded derivatives: The Company also invests in certain fixed maturity instruments and has issued certain products that contain embedded derivatives for which market value is at least partially determined by, among other things, levels of or changes in domestic and/or foreign interest rates (short-term or long-term), exchange rates, prepayment rates, equity rates, or

28

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

credit ratings/spreads. In addition, the Company has entered into coinsurance with funds withheld arrangements, which contain embedded derivatives.

The notional amounts and fair values of derivatives were as follows as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Notional Amount		Asset Fair Value		Liability Fair Value		Notional Amount		Asset Fair Value		Liability Fair Value
Derivatives: Qualifying for hedge accounting(1)
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts	$	18	$	—	$	—	$	18	$	—	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts	620		48		2		596		58		2
Derivatives: Non-qualifying for hedge accounting(1)
Interest rate contracts	11,139		220		314		12,470		262		327
Foreign exchange contracts	56		2		—		45		2		—
Credit contracts	141		—		3		141		—		2
Embedded derivatives and Managed custody guarantees:
Within fixed maturity investments(2)	N/A		2		—		N/A		2		—
Managed custody guarantees(3)	N/A		—		3		N/A		—		6
Total			$	272	$	322			$	324	$	337

(1) Open derivative contracts are reported as Derivatives assets or liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value.

(2) Included in Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3) Included in Contract owner account balances on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

N/A - Not Applicable

Based on the notional amounts, a substantial portion of the Company’s derivative positions was not designated or did not qualify for hedge accounting as part of a hedging relationship as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company utilizes derivative contracts mainly to hedge exposure to variability in cash flows, interest rate risk, credit risk, foreign exchange risk and equity market risk. The majority of derivatives used by the Company are designated as product hedges, which hedge the exposure arising from insurance liabilities or guarantees embedded in the contracts the Company offers through various product lines. These derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting as they do not meet the criteria of being "highly effective" as outlined in ASC Topic 815, but do provide an economic hedge, which is in line with the Company’s risk management objectives. The Company also uses derivatives contracts to hedge its exposure to various risks associated with the investment portfolio. The Company does not seek hedge accounting treatment for certain of these derivatives as they generally do not qualify for hedge accounting due to the criteria required under the portfolio hedging rules outlined in ASC Topic 815. The Company also uses credit default swaps coupled with other investments in order to produce the investment characteristics of otherwise permissible investments that do not qualify as effective accounting hedges under ASC Topic 815.

29

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Although the Company has not elected to net its derivative exposures, the notional amounts and fair values of Over-The-Counter ("OTC") and cleared derivatives excluding exchange traded contracts are presented in the tables below as of the dates

indicated:

	March 31, 2023
	Notional Amount		Asset Fair Value		Liability Fair Value
Credit contracts	$	141	$	—	$	3
Foreign exchange contracts	676		50		2
Interest rate contracts	8,831		220		313
			270		318
Counterparty netting(1)			(219)		(219)
Cash collateral netting(1)			(44)		(94)
Securities collateral netting(1)			(6)		(2)
Net receivables/payables			$	1	$	3

(1) Represents the netting of receivable balances with payable balances, net of collateral, for the same counterparty under eligible netting agreements.

	December 31, 2022
	Notional Amount		Asset Fair Value		Liability Fair Value
Credit contracts	$	141	$	—	$	2
Foreign exchange contracts	641		60		2
Interest rate contracts	8,736		261		327
			321		331
Counterparty netting(1)			(263)		(263)
Cash collateral netting(1)			(51)		(64)
Securities collateral netting(1)			(6)		(1)
Net receivables/payables			$	1	$	3

(1) Represents the netting of receivable balances with payable balances, net of collateral, for the same counterparty under eligible netting agreements.

Collateral

Under the terms of the OTC Derivative International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. ("ISDA") agreements, the Company may receive from, or deliver to, counterparties, collateral to assure that terms of the ISDA agreements will be met with regard to the Credit Support Annex ("CSA"). The terms of the CSA call for the Company to pay interest on any cash received equal to the Federal Funds rate. To the extent cash collateral is received and delivered, it is included in Payables under securities loan agreements, including collateral held and Short-term investments under securities loan agreements, including collateral delivered, respectively, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and is reinvested in short-term investments. Collateral held is used in accordance with the CSA to satisfy any obligations. Investment grade bonds owned by the Company are the source of noncash collateral posted, which is reported in Securities pledged on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company held $45 and pledged $94 of net cash collateral related to OTC derivative contracts and cleared derivative contracts, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the Company held $50 and delivered $62 of net cash collateral related to OTC derivative contracts and cleared derivative contracts, respectively. In addition, as of March 31, 2023, the Company delivered $122 of securities and held $6 of securities as collateral. As of December 31, 2022, the Company delivered $102 of securities and held $7 securities as collateral.

30

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The location and effect of derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income are as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022
	Interest Rate Contracts		Foreign Exchange Contracts		Interest Rate Contracts		Foreign Exchange Contracts
Derivatives: Qualifying for hedge accounting
Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income	Net investment income/(loss)		Net investment income and Net gains/(losses)		Net investment income/(loss)		Net investment income and Net gains/(losses)
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income	$	—	$	(10)	$	(1)	$	6
Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	—		2		—		2

The location and amount of gain (loss) recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting are as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022
	Net investment income/(loss)		Net gains/(losses)		Net investment income/(loss)		Net gains/(losses)
Total amounts of line items presented in the statement of operations in which the effects of cash flow hedges are recorded	$	384	$	(25)	$	449	$	(182)
Derivatives: Qualifying for hedge accounting
Cash flow hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts:
Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	2		—		2		—

31

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The location and effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows for the periods indicated:

	Location of Gain or (Loss) on Derivative	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022
Derivatives: Non-qualifying for hedge accounting
Interest rate contracts	Net gains (losses)	$	(27)	$	51
Foreign exchange contracts	Net gains (losses)	—		1
Credit contracts	Net gains (losses)	(1)		—
Embedded derivatives and Managed custody guarantees:
Within fixed maturity investments	Net gains (losses)	1		(2)
Managed custody guarantees	Net gains (losses)	3		(3)
Total		$	(24)	$	47

32

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

4.    Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurement

The following table presents the Company’s hierarchy for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2023:

	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged:
U.S. Treasuries	$	248		$	56		$	—		$	304
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	—			30			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	—			601			—			601
U.S. corporate public securities	—			5,984			14			5,998
U.S. corporate private securities	—			2,290			1,364			3,654
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	—			2,089			—			2,089
Foreign corporate private securities (1)	—			2,063			352			2,415
Residential mortgage-backed securities	—			2,833			48			2,881
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	—			2,571			—			2,571
Other asset-backed securities	—			1,350			33			1,383
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	248			19,867			1,811			21,926
Equity securities	15			—			113			128
Derivatives:
Interest rate contracts	3			217			—			220
Foreign exchange contracts	—			50			—			50
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and short-term investments under securities loan agreements	1,235			—			—			1,235
Assets held in separate accounts	75,959			5,603			349			81,911
Total assets	$	77,460		$	25,737		$	2,273		$	105,470
Percentage of Level to Total	74		%	24		%	2		%	100		%
Liabilities:
Stabilizer and MCGs	$	—		$	—		$	3		$	3
Derivatives:
Interest rate contracts	1			313			—			314
Foreign exchange contracts	—			2			—			2
Credit contracts	—			3			—			3
Total liabilities	$	1		$	318		$	3		$	322

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

33

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table presents the Company’s hierarchy for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2022:

	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets:
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged:
U.S. Treasuries	$	291		$	86		$	—		$	377
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	—			30			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	—			600			—			600
U.S. corporate public securities	—			5,925			13			5,938
U.S. corporate private securities	—			2,212			1,356			3,568
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	—			2,064			2			2,066
Foreign corporate private securities (1)	—			2,099			339			2,438
Residential mortgage-backed securities	—			2,873			20			2,893
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	—			2,599			—			2,599
Other asset-backed securities	—			1,258			52			1,310
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	291			19,746			1,782			21,819
Equity securities	16			—			117			133
Derivatives:
Interest rate contracts	1			261			—			262
Foreign exchange contracts	—			60			—			60
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and short-term investments under securities loan agreements	1,407			—			—			1,407
Assets held in separate accounts	72,065			5,227			347			77,639
Total assets	$	73,780		$	25,294		$	2,246		$	101,320
Percentage of Level to total	73		%	25		%	2		%	100		%
Liabilities:
Stabilizer and MCGs	$	—		$	—		$	6		$	6
Derivatives:
Interest rate contracts	2			325			—			327
Foreign exchange contracts	—			2			—			2
Credit contracts	—			2			—			2
Total liabilities	$	2		$	329		$	6		$	337

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

34

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Valuation of Financial Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at estimated fair value on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The exit price and the transaction (or entry) price will be the same at initial recognition in many circumstances. However, in certain cases, the transaction price may not represent fair value. The fair value of a liability is based on the amount that would be paid to transfer a liability to a third-party with an equal credit standing. Fair value is required to be a market-based measurement that is determined based on a hypothetical transaction at the measurement date, from a market participant's perspective. The Company considers three broad valuation approaches when a quoted price is unavailable: (i) the market approach, (ii) the income approach and (iii) the cost approach. The Company determines the most appropriate valuation technique to use, given the instrument being measured and the availability of sufficient inputs. The Company prioritizes the inputs to fair valuation approaches and allows for the use of unobservable inputs to the extent that observable inputs are not available.

The Company utilizes a number of valuation methodologies to determine the fair values of its financial assets and liabilities in conformity with the concepts of exit price and the fair value hierarchy as prescribed in ASC Topic 820. Valuations are obtained from third-party commercial pricing services, brokers and industry-standard, vendor-provided software that models the value based on market observable inputs. The valuations obtained from third-party commercial pricing services are non-binding. The Company reviews the assumptions and inputs used by third-party commercial pricing services for each reporting period in order to determine an appropriate fair value hierarchy level. The documentation and analysis obtained from third-party commercial pricing services are reviewed by the Company, including in-depth validation procedures confirming the observability of inputs. The valuations are reviewed and validated monthly through the internal valuation committee price variance review, comparisons to internal pricing models, back testing to recent trades or monitoring of trading volumes.

When available, the fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities are based on quoted prices of identical assets in active markets and therefore, reflected in Level 1. The valuation approaches and key inputs for each category of assets or liabilities that are classified within Level 2 and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are presented below.

For fixed maturities classified as Level 2 assets, fair values are determined using a matrix-based market approach, based on prices obtained from third-party commercial pricing services and the Company’s matrix and analytics-based pricing models, which in each case incorporate a variety of market observable information as valuation inputs. The market observable inputs used for these fair value measurements, by fixed maturity asset class, are as follows:

U.S. Treasuries: Fair value is determined using third-party commercial pricing services, with the primary inputs being stripped interest and principal U.S. Treasury yield curves that represent a U.S. Treasury zero-coupon curve.

U.S. government agencies and authorities, State, municipalities and political subdivisions: Fair value is determined using third-party commercial pricing services, with the primary inputs being U.S. Treasury yield curves, trades of comparable securities, credit spreads off benchmark yields and issuer ratings.

U.S. corporate public securities, Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments: Fair value is determined using third-party commercial pricing services, with the primary inputs being benchmark yields, trades of comparable securities, issuer ratings, bids and credit spreads off benchmark yields.

U.S. corporate private securities and Foreign corporate private securities: Fair values are determined using a matrix and analytics-based pricing model. The model incorporates the current level of risk-free interest rates, current corporate credit spreads, credit quality of the issuer and cash flow characteristics of the security. The model also considers a liquidity spread, the value of any collateral, the capital structure of the issuer, the presence of guarantees, and prices and quotes for comparably rated publicly traded securities.

RMBS, CMBS and ABS: Fair value is determined using third-party commercial pricing services, with the primary inputs being credit spreads off benchmark yields, prepayment speed assumptions, current and forecasted loss severity, debt service coverage ratios, collateral type, payment priority within tranche and the vintage of the loans underlying the security.

35

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Generally, the Company does not obtain more than one vendor price from pricing services per instrument. The Company uses a hierarchy process in which prices are obtained from a primary vendor and, if that vendor is unable to provide the price, the next vendor in the hierarchy is contacted until a price is obtained or it is determined that a price cannot be obtained from a commercial pricing service. When a price cannot be obtained from a commercial pricing service, independent broker quotes are solicited.  Securities priced using independent broker quotes are classified as Level 3.

Fair values of privately placed bonds are determined primarily using a matrix-based pricing model and are generally classified as Level 2 assets. The model considers the current level of risk-free interest rates, current corporate spreads, the credit quality of the issuer and cash flow characteristics of the security. Also considered are factors such as the net worth of the borrower, the value of collateral, the capital structure of the borrower, the presence of guarantees and the Company's evaluation of the borrower's ability to compete in its relevant market. Using this data, the model generates estimated market values which the Company considers reflective of the fair value of each privately placed bond.

Equity securities: Level 2 and Level 3 equity securities, typically private equities or equity securities not traded on an exchange, are valued by other sources such as analytics or brokers.

Derivatives: Derivatives are carried at fair value, which is determined using the Company's derivative accounting system in conjunction with observable key financial data from third party sources, such as yield curves, exchange rates, S&P 500 Index prices, London Interbank Offered Rates ("LIBOR"), Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") rates, and Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). The Company uses SOFR discounting for valuations of interest rate derivatives; however, certain legacy positions may continue to be discounted on OIS. The Company uses OIS for valuations of collateralized interest rate derivatives, which are obtained from third-party sources. For those derivatives that are unable to be valued by the accounting system, the Company typically utilizes values established by third-party brokers. Counterparty credit risk is considered and incorporated in the Company's valuation process through counterparty credit rating requirements and monitoring of overall exposure. It is the Company's policy to transact only with investment grade counterparties with a credit rating of A- or better. The Company's nonperformance risk is also considered and incorporated in the Company's valuation process. The Company also has certain credit default swaps and options that are priced by third party vendors or by using models that primarily use market observable inputs, but contain inputs that are not observable to market participants, which have been classified as Level 3. The remaining derivative instruments are valued based on market observable inputs and are classified as Level 2.

The Company records reserves for Stabilizer and MCG contracts containing guaranteed credited rates. The guarantee is treated as an embedded derivative or a stand-alone derivative (depending on the underlying product) and is required to be reported at fair value. The estimated fair value is determined based on the present value of projected future claims, minus the present value of future guaranteed premiums. At inception of the contract, the Company projects a guaranteed premium to be equal to the present value of the projected future claims. The income associated with the contracts is projected using relevant actuarial and capital market assumptions, including benefits and related contract charges, over the anticipated life of the related contracts. The cash flow estimates are projected under multiple capital market scenarios using observable risk-free rates and other best estimate assumptions. These derivatives are classified as Level 3 liabilities.

The discount rate used to determine the fair value of the embedded derivatives and stand-alone derivative includes an adjustment for nonperformance risk. The nonperformance risk adjustment incorporates a blend of observable, similarly rated peer holding company credit spreads, adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company, as well as an adjustment to reflect the non-default spreads and the priority and recovery rates of policyholder claims.

Level 3 Financial Instruments

The fair values of certain assets and liabilities are determined using prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement (i.e., Level 3 as defined by ASC Topic 820), including but not limited to liquidity spreads for investments within markets deemed not currently active. These valuations, whether derived internally or obtained from a third-party, use critical assumptions that are not widely available to estimate market participant expectations in valuing the asset or liability. In addition, the Company has determined, for certain financial instruments, an active market is such a significant input to determine fair value that the presence of an inactive market may lead to classification in Level 3. In light of the methodologies employed to obtain the fair values of financial assets and liabilities classified as Level 3, additional information is presented below.

36

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following tables summarize the change in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities and transfers in and out of Level 3 for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Fair Value as of January 1		Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in:				Purchases		Issuances		Sales		Settlements		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3		Fair Value as of March 31		Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings(3)		Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in OCI(3)
			Net Income		OCI
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged:
U.S. Corporate public securities	$	13	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	14	$	—	$	—
U.S. Corporate private securities	1,356		—		26		30		—		—		(48)		—				1,364		—		26
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	2		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(2)		—		—		—
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	339		1		4		49		—		—		(41)		—		—		352		1		4
Residential mortgage-backed securities	20		—		—		28		—		—		—		—		—		48		—		—
Other asset-backed securities	52		—		—		2		—		—		(1)		—		(20)		33		—		—
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	1,782		2		30		109		—		—		(90)		—		(22)		1,811		1		30
Equity securities, at fair value	117		(4)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		113		(3)		—
Stabilizer and MCGs(2)	(6)		3		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(3)		—		—
Assets held in separate accounts(4)	347		4		—		—		—		(2)		—		—		—		349		—		—
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
(2) All gains and losses on Level 3 liabilities are classified as realized gains (losses) for the purpose of this disclosure because it is impracticable to track realized and unrealized gains (losses) separately on a contract-by-contract basis. These amounts are included in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) For financial instruments still held as of March 31, amounts are included in Net investment income and Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations or Unrealized gains (losses) on securities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
(4) The investment income and realized gains (losses) and change in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for separate account assets are offset by an equal amount for separate account liabilities, which results in a net zero impact on Net income (loss) for the Company.

37

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following tables summarize the change in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 assets and liabilities and transfers in and out of Level 3 for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Fair Value as of January 1		Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in:				Purchases		Issuances		Sales		Settlements		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3		Fair Value as of March 31		Change In Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Earnings(3)		Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in OCI(3)
			Net Income		OCI
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged:
U.S. Corporate public securities	$	5	$	—	$	(1)	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	27	$	—	$	47	$	—	$	(2)
U.S. Corporate private securities	1,379		—		(113)		98		—		—		(40)		110		(10)		1,424		—		(113)
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	—		—		—		3		—		—		—		—		—		3		—		—
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	272		(16)		(19)		42		—		—		(11)		110		—		378		—		(19)
Residential mortgage-backed securities	34		(7)		—		11		—		—		—		—		(1)		37		(7)		—
Other asset-backed securities	33		—		(2)		16		—		(10)		(1)		—		—		36		—		(2)
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	1,723		(23)		(135)		186		—		(10)		(52)		247		(11)		1,925		(7)		(136)
Equity securities, at fair value	114		(5)		—		—		—		—		—		8		—		117		(6)		—
Stabilizer and MCGs(2)	(20)		6		—		—		(1)		—		—		—		—		(15)		—		—
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and short-term investments under securities loan agreement	—		—		1		6		—		—		—		—		—		7		—		—
Assets held in separate accounts(4)	316		(14)		—		65		—		(1)		—		6		(38)		334		—		—
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
(2) All gains and losses on Level 3 liabilities are classified as realized gains (losses) for the purpose of this disclosure because it is impracticable to track realized and unrealized gains (losses) separately on a contract-by-contract basis. These amounts are included in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3) For financial instruments still held as of March 31, amounts are included in Net investment income and Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(4) The investment income and realized gains (losses) and change in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for separate account assets are offset by an equal amount for separate account liabilities, which results in a net zero impact on Net income (loss) for the Company.

38

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the transfers in and out of Level 3 for fixed maturities and separate accounts were due to the variation in inputs relied upon for valuation each quarter. Securities that are primarily valued using independent broker quotes when prices are not available from one of the commercial pricing services are reflected as transfers into Level 3. When securities are valued using more widely available information, the securities are transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 1 or 2, as appropriate.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The Company's Level 3 fair value measurements of its fixed maturities, equity securities and equity and credit derivative contracts are primarily based on broker quotes for which the quantitative detail of the unobservable inputs is neither provided nor reasonably corroborated, thus negating the ability to perform a sensitivity analysis. The Company performs a review of broker quotes by performing a monthly price variance comparison and back tests broker quotes to recent trade prices.

Other Financial Instruments

The following disclosures are made in accordance with the requirements of ASC Topic 825 which requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

ASC Topic 825 excludes certain financial instruments, including insurance contracts and all nonfinancial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.

39

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The carrying values and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets:
Fixed maturities, including securities pledged	$	21,926	$	21,926	$	21,819	$	21,819
Equity securities	128		128		133		133
Mortgage loans on real estate	4,148		3,938		4,227		3,996
Policy loans	158		158		159		159
Cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and short-term investments under securities loan agreements	1,235		1,235		1,407		1,407
Derivatives	270		270		322		322
Other investments	134		134		132		132
Assets held in separate accounts	81,911		81,911		77,639		77,639
Liabilities:
Investment contract liabilities:
Funding agreements without fixed maturities and deferred annuities(1)	28,318		30,231		29,047		30,098
Funding agreements with fixed maturities	811		809		731		733
Supplementary contracts, immediate annuities and other	235		202		251		192
Stabilizer and MCGs	3		3		6		6
Derivatives	319		319		331		331
Short-term debt(2)	69		69		32		32
Long-term debt(2)	2		2		2		2
(1) Certain amounts included in Funding agreements without fixed maturities and deferred annuities are also reflected within the Stabilizer and MCGs section of the table above.
(2) Included in Other Liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table presents the classification of financial instruments which are not carried at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Financial Instrument	Classification
Mortgage loans on real estate	Level 3
Policy loans	Level 2
Other investments	Level 2
Funding agreements without fixed maturities and deferred annuities	Level 3
Funding agreements with fixed maturities	Level 2
Supplementary contracts, immediate annuities and other	Level 3
Short-term debt and Long-term debt	Level 2

40

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

5.    Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Value of Business Acquired

The following table presents a rollforward of DAC and VOBA for the periods indicated:

	DAC		VOBA
	Wealth Solutions Deferred and Individual Annuities
Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	573	$	375
Deferrals of commissions and expenses	54		4
Amortization expense	(49)		(31)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	578	$	348
Deferrals of commissions and expenses	14		1
Amortization expense	(12)		(8)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	580	$	341

The following table shows a reconciliation of DAC and VOBA balances to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for the periods indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
DAC:
Wealth Solutions Deferred and Individual Annuities	$	580	$	578
VOBA	341		348
Other	12		12
Total	$	933	$	938

There was no loss recognition for VOBA during 2023 and 2022.

6.     Reserves for Contract Owner Account Balances

The following table presents a rollforward of Contract owner account balances for the periods indicated:

	Wealth Solutions Deferred Group and Individual Annuity
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Balance at January 1	$	27,951	$	27,095
Deposits	591		2,850
Fee income	(2)		(8)
Surrenders and withdrawals	(1,338)		(3,774)
Benefit payments	(30)		(113)
Net transfers from (to) separate accounts	94		1,174
Interest credited	181		714
Other	1		13
Ending Balance	$	27,448	$	27,951

41

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

Weighted-average crediting rate	2.6		%	2.6		%
Net amount at risk (1)	$	132		$	154
Cash surrender value	$	27,071		$	27,567

(1) For those guarantees of benefits that are payable in the event of death, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date and is calculated at a contract level. Where a contract has both a living and a death benefit, the Company calculates NAR at a contract level and aggregates the higher of the two values together.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the Contract owner account balances for deferred group and individual annuities to the Future policy benefits and Contract owner accounts balances on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for the periods indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Wealth Solutions Deferred group and individual annuity (Contract owner account balances)	$	27,448	$	27,951
Other (Future policy benefits and Contract owner account balances)	5,012		4,991
Ending balance	$	32,460	$	32,942

The following table summarizes detail on the differences between the interest rate being credited to contract holders as of March 31, 2023, and the respective guaranteed minimum interest rates ("GMIRs"):

	Account Value(1)
	Excess of crediting rate over GMIR
	At GMIR		Up to .50% Above GMIR		0.51% - 1.00% Above GMIR		1.01% - 1.50% Above GMIR		1.51% - 2.00% Above GMIR		More than 2.00% Above GMIR		Total
Guaranteed minimum interest rate
Up to 1.00%	$	26	$	6,917	$	2,894	$	1,141	$	1,485	$	38	$	12,501
1.01% - 2.00%	156		95		39		1		—		1		292
2.01% - 3.00%	6,860		32		1		—		—		—		6,893
3.01% - 4.00%	8,214		—		—		—		—		—		8,214
4.01% and Above	4		—		—		—		—		—		4
Renewable beyond 12 months (MYGA)(2)	380		—		—		—		3		—		383
Total discretionary rate setting products	$	15,640	$	7,044	$	2,934	$	1,142	$	1,488	$	39	$	28,287

(1) Includes only the account values for investment spread products with GMIRs and discretionary crediting rates, net of policy loans. Excludes Stabilizer products, which are fee based.

(2) Represents multi year guaranteed annuity ("MYGA") contracts with renewal dates after March 31, 2023 on which we are required to credit interest above the contractual GMIR for at least the next twelve months.

42

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The following table summarizes detail on the differences between the interest rate being credited to contract holders as of December 31, 2022, and the respective GMIRs:

	Account Value(1)
	Excess of crediting rate over GMIR
	At GMIR		Up to .50% Above GMIR		0.51% - 1.00% Above GMIR		1.01% - 1.50% Above GMIR		1.51% - 2.00% Above GMIR		More than 2.00% Above GMIR		Total
Guaranteed minimum interest rate
Up to 1.00%	$	5,349	$	2,857	$	1,903	$	1,112	$	1,461	$	102	$	12,784
1.01% - 2.00%	246		27		34		1		—		1		309
2.01% - 3.00%	7,188		11		1		—		—		—		7,200
3.01% - 4.00%	8,329		—		—		—		—		—		8,329
4.01% and Above	4		—		—		—		—		—		4
Renewable beyond 12 months (MYGA)(2)	391		—		—		—		3		—		394
Total discretionary rate setting products	$	21,507	$	2,895	$	1,938	$	1,113	$	1,464	$	103	$	29,020

(1)    Includes only the account values for investment spread products with GMIRs and discretionary crediting rates, net of policy loans. Excludes Stabilizer products, which are fee based.

(2) Represents MYGA contracts with renewal dates after December 31, 2022 on which we are required to credit interest above the contractual GMIR for at least the next twelve months

7. Reinsurance

As of March 31, 2023, the Company has reinsurance treaties with 3 unaffiliated reinsurers covering a significant portion of the mortality risks and guaranteed death benefits under its variable contracts. Premiums receivable and reinsurance recoverable were comprised of the following as of the dates indicated:

	March 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Premiums receivable	$	(1)	$	(1)
Reinsurance recoverable, net of allowance for credit losses	3,029		3,033
Total	$	3,028	$	3,032

Information regarding the effect of reinsurance on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations is as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Premiums:
Direct premiums	$	3	$	3
Reinsurance assumed	—		—
Reinsurance ceded	—		—
Net premiums	$	3	$	3
Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners / policyholders:
Direct interest credited and other benefits to contract owners / policyholders	$	220	$	214
Reinsurance assumed	1		1
Reinsurance ceded	(37)		(39)
Net interest credited and other benefits to contract owners / policyholders	$	184	$	176

43

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

If the Company determines that a reinsurance agreement does not expose the reinsurer to a reasonable possibility of a significant loss from insurance risk, the Company records the agreement using the deposit method of accounting. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had a deposit asset of $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion, which is reported in "Other assets" on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

8.    Separate Accounts

The following tables present a rollforward of Separate account liabilities for the Wealth Solutions stabilizer and deferred annuity business, including a reconciliation to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, for the periods indicated:

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Wealth Solutions Stabilizer		Wealth Solutions Deferred Annuity		Total		Wealth Solutions Stabilizer		Wealth Solutions Deferred Annuity		Total
Balance at January 1	$	7,196	$	68,373	$	75,569	$	8,091	$	85,852	$	93,943
Policyholder behavior	51		170		221		(68)		(1,240)		(1,308)
Fee income	(8)		(98)		(106)		(34)		(412)		(446)
Investment performance	199		4,223		4,422		(794)		(15,828)		(16,622)
Other	—		—		—		1		1		2
Balance at end of period	$	7,438	$	72,668	$	80,106	$	7,196	$	68,373	$	75,569

Reconciliation to Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Other	1,805		2,070
Total Separate Accounts liabilities	$	81,911	$	77,639

Stabilizer products allow the contract holder to select either the market value of the account or the book value of the account at termination. The book value of the account is equal to deposits plus interest, less any withdrawals. The fair value is estimated using the income approach.

Cash surrender value represents the amount of the contract holders' account balances distributable at the balance sheet date, less certain surrender charges. The cash surrender value for Wealth Solutions deferred annuity products was $ 72,639 and $68,345 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The aggregate fair value of assets, by major investment asset category, supporting separate accounts were as follows for the periods indicated:

	March 31		December 31
	2023		2022
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S government corporations and agencies	$	1,308	$	1,586
Corporate Debt securities:	1,748		1,647
Foreign debt securities	716		660
Mortgage-backed securities	3,395		3,434
Equity securities (including mutual funds)	74,130		69,774
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	530		311
Receivable for securities and accruals	84		227
Total	$	81,911	$	77,639

44

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

9.    Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Shareholder’s equity included the following components of AOCI as of the dates indicated:

	March 31,
	2023		2022
Fixed maturities, net of impairment	$	(2,037)	$	247
Derivatives(1)	97		77
Change in current discount rate	(343)		(375)
Deferred income tax asset (liability)	608		139
Total	(1,675)		88
Pension and other postretirement benefits liability, net of tax	2		2
AOCI	$	(1,673)	$	90

(1) Gains and losses reported in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) from hedge transactions that resulted in the acquisition of an identified asset are reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the asset acquired affects earnings. As of March 31, 2023, the portion of the AOCI that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months is $17.

Changes in AOCI, including the reclassification adjustments recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Before-Tax Amount			Income Tax		After-Tax Amount
Available-for-sale securities:
Fixed maturities	$	497		$	(104)	$	393
Adjustments for amounts recognized in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	10			(2)		8
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	507			(106)		401
Derivatives:
Derivatives	(10)		(1)	2		(8)
Adjustments related to effective cash flow hedges for amounts recognized in Net investment income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	(5)			1		(4)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives	(15)			3		(12)
Change in current discount rate	6			(1)		5
Change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	498		$	(104)	$	394

(1) See the Derivative Financial Instruments Note to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

45

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Before-Tax Amount			Income Tax		After-Tax Amount
Available-for-sale securities:
Fixed maturities	$	(1,939)		$	407	$	(1,532)
Adjustments for amounts recognized in Net gains (losses) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	60			(13)		47
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities	(1,879)			394		(1,485)
Derivatives:
Derivatives	5		(1)	(1)		4
Adjustments related to effective cash flow hedges for amounts recognized in Net investment income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	(5)			1		(4)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives	—			—		—
Change in current discount rate	16			(3)		13
Change in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(1,863)		$	391	$	(1,472)

(1) See the Derivative Financial Instruments Note to these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

10.    Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022 was 9.1% and (2.0)%, respectively. The effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the effect of the dividends received deduction and tax credits.

In August 2022, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which imposes a 15% alternative minimum tax (“CAMT”) on the adjusted financial statement income of large corporations. The CAMT is effective in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2022. The Internal Revenue Service has only issued limited guidance on the CAMT, and uncertainty remains regarding the application of and potential adjustments to the CAMT. If the CAMT applies, the Company will be required to pay tax at the 15% CAMT rate despite our U.S. Federal net operating loss carryforwards.

Valuation allowances are provided when it is considered more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets ("DTAs") will not be realized. The Company reviews all available positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is recorded, including historical and projected pre-tax book income, tax planning strategies and reversals of temporary differences. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had year-to-date gains on securities of $498 in Other comprehensive income, which reduced the related DTA. Additionally, operating income remained positive for the period and was largely consistent with the 2022 year-end valuation allowance analysis. After evaluating the positive and negative evidence, the Company did not change its judgement regarding the realization of DTAs and did not establish a valuation allowance. For more information related to the valuation allowance, refer to the Income Taxes Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Tax Sharing Agreement

The results of the Company's operations are included in the consolidated tax return of Voya Financial. Generally, the Company's consolidated financial statements recognize the current and deferred income tax consequences that result from the Company's activities during the current and preceding periods pursuant to the provisions of Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740) as if the Company were a separate taxpayer rather than a member of Voya Financial's consolidated income tax return group with the exception of any net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss carryforwards, which are recorded pursuant to the tax

46

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

sharing agreement. If the Company instead were to follow a separate taxpayer approach without any exceptions, there would be no impact to income tax expense (benefit) for the periods indicated above. Also, any current tax benefit related to the Company's tax attributes realized by virtue of its inclusion in the consolidated tax return of Voya Financial would have been recorded directly to equity rather than income. Under the tax sharing agreement, Voya Financial will pay the Company for the tax benefits of ordinary and capital losses only in the event that the consolidated tax group actually uses the tax benefit of losses generated.

Tax Regulatory Matters

For the tax years 2021 through 2023, the Company participated in the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") Compliance Assurance Process ("CAP"), which is a continuous audit program provided by the IRS. For the 2023 tax year, the Company was in the Compliance Maintenance Bridge ("Bridge") phase of CAP. In the Bridge phase, the IRS did not conduct any review or provide any letters of assurance for that tax year.

11.    Financing Agreements

Reciprocal Loan Agreement

The Company maintains a reciprocal loan agreement with Voya Financial, an affiliate, to facilitate the handling of unanticipated short-term cash requirements that arise in the ordinary course of business. Under this agreement, which expires on April 1, 2026, either party can borrow from the other up to 3.0% of the Company’s statutory admitted assets as of the preceding December 31. Interest on any borrowing by either the Company or Voya Financial is charged at a rate based on the prevailing market rate for similar third-party borrowings or securities.

Under this agreement, the Company incurred immaterial interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company earned $4 and $1 of interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

As of March 31, 2023, VRIAC had $409 outstanding receivables and VIPS had an outstanding payable of $68 under the reciprocal loan agreement. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had no outstanding receivable and VIPS had a $31 outstanding payable from/to Voya Financial under the reciprocal loan agreement.

12.    Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Through the normal course of investment operations, the Company commits to either purchase or sell securities, mortgage loans, or money market instruments, at a specified future date and at a specified price or yield. The inability of counterparties to honor these commitments may result in either a higher or lower replacement cost. Also, there is likely to be a change in the value of the securities underlying the commitments. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had off-balance sheet commitments to acquire mortgage loans of $65 and purchase limited partnerships and private placement investments of $655.

Restricted Assets

The Company is required to maintain assets on deposit with various regulatory authorities to support its insurance operations. The Company may also post collateral in connection with certain securities lending, repurchase agreements, funding agreements, letter of credit ("LOC") and derivative transactions as described further in this note.

47

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

The components of the fair value of the restricted assets were as follows as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Fixed maturity collateral pledged to FHLB(1)	$	1,074	$	997
FHLB restricted stock(2)	37		35
Other fixed maturities-state deposits	12		11
Cash and cash equivalents	2		2
Securities pledged(3)	883		792
Total restricted assets	$	2,008	$	1,837

(1) Included in Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Included in Other investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3) Includes the fair value of loaned securities of $761 and $690 as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. In addition, as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company delivered securities as collateral of $122 and $102, respectively. Loaned securities and securities delivered as collateral are included in Securities pledged on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Federal Home Loan Bank Funding

The Company is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston ("FHLB") and is required to pledge collateral to back funding agreements issued to the FHLB. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had $811 and $730, respectively, in non-putable funding agreements, which are included in Future policy benefits and contract owner account balances on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, assets with a market value of approximately $1,074 and $997, respectively, collateralized the FHLB funding agreements. Assets pledged to the FHLB are included in Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Litigation, Regulatory Matters and Loss Contingencies

Litigation, regulatory and other loss contingencies arise in connection with the Company's activities as a diversified financial services firm. The Company is a defendant in a number of litigation matters arising from the conduct of its business, both in the ordinary course and otherwise. In some of these matters, claimants seek to recover very large or indeterminate amounts, including compensatory, punitive, treble and exemplary damages. Modern pleading practice in the U.S. permits considerable variation in the assertion of monetary damages and other relief. Claimants are not always required to specify the monetary damages they seek or they may be required only to state an amount sufficient to meet a court's jurisdictional requirements. Moreover, some jurisdictions allow claimants to allege monetary damages that far exceed any reasonably possible verdict. The variability in pleading requirements and past experience demonstrates that the monetary and other relief that may be requested in a lawsuit or claim often bears little relevance to the merits or potential value of a claim. Litigation against the Company includes a variety of claims including negligence, breach of contract, fraud, violation of regulation or statute, breach of fiduciary duty, negligent misrepresentation, failure to supervise, elder abuse and other torts.

As with other financial services companies, the Company periodically receives informal and formal requests for information from various state and federal governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations in connection with inquiries and investigations of the products and practices of the Company or the financial services industry. It is the practice of the Company to cooperate fully in these matters.

The outcome of a litigation or regulatory matter is difficult to predict and the amount or range of potential losses associated with these or other loss contingencies requires significant management judgment. It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome or to provide reasonably possible losses or ranges of losses for all pending regulatory matters, litigation and other loss contingencies.

While it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain cases could have a material adverse effect upon the Company's financial position, based on information currently known, management believes that neither the outcome of pending litigation and regulatory matters, nor potential liabilities associated with other loss contingencies, are likely to have such an effect. However, given the large and indeterminate amounts sought in certain litigation and the inherent unpredictability of all such matters, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain of the Company's litigation or regulatory matters, or liabilities arising from other

48

Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and Subsidiaries

(A wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc.)

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

loss contingencies, could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect upon the Company's results of operations or cash flows in a particular quarterly or annual period.

For some matters, the Company is able to estimate a possible range of loss. For such matters in which a loss is probable, an accrual has been made. For matters where the Company, however, believes a loss is reasonably possible, but not probable, no accrual is required. For matters for which an accrual has been made, but there remains a reasonably possible range of loss in excess of the amounts accrued or for matters where no accrual is required, the Company develops an estimate of the unaccrued amounts of the reasonably possible range of losses. As of March 31, 2023, the Company estimates the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of any amounts accrued for these matters as of such date, as not material to the Company.

For other matters, the Company is currently not able to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss. The Company is often unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss until developments in such matters have provided sufficient information to support an assessment of the range of possible loss, such as quantification of a damage demand from plaintiffs, discovery from plaintiffs and other parties, investigation of factual allegations, rulings by a court on motions or appeals, analysis by experts and the progress of settlement discussions. On a quarterly and annual basis, the Company reviews relevant information with respect to litigation and regulatory contingencies and updates the Company's accruals, disclosures and reasonably possible losses or ranges of loss based on such reviews.

Litigation includes Ravarino, et al. v. Voya Financial, Inc., et al. (USDC District of Connecticut, No. 3:21-cv-01658)(filed December 14, 2021). In this putative class action, the plaintiffs allege that the named defendants, which include the Company, breached their fiduciary duties of prudence and loyalty in the administration of the Voya 401(k) Savings Plan. The plaintiffs claim that the named defendants did not exercise proper prudence in their management of allegedly poorly performing investment options, including proprietary funds, and passed excessive investment-management and other administrative fees for proprietary and non-proprietary funds onto plan participants. The plaintiffs also allege that the defendants engaged in self-dealing through the inclusion of the Voya Stable Value Option into the plan offerings and by setting the “crediting rate” for participants’ investment in the Stable Value Fund artificially low in relation to Voya’s general account investment returns in order to maximize the spread and Voya’s profits at the participants’ expense. The complaint seeks disgorgement of unjust profits as well as costs incurred. The Company denies the allegations, which it believes are without merit, and intends to defend the case vigorously.

Finally, industry wide, life insurers continue to be exposed to class action litigation related to the cost of insurance rates and periodic deductions from cash value. Common allegations include that insurance companies have breached the terms of their universal life insurance policies by establishing or increasing the cost of insurance rates using cost factors not permitted by the contract, thereby unjustly enriching themselves. This litigation is generally known as cost of insurance litigation.

13.    Related Party Transactions

Operating Agreements

The Company has operating agreements whereby the Company provides or receives services from affiliated entities. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenues with affiliated entities related to these agreements were $19. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, revenues with affiliated entities related to these agreements were $23.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, expenses with affiliated entities related to the aforementioned operating agreements were $160. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, expenses with affiliated entities related to the aforementioned operating agreements were $161.

49

Item 2.    Management’s Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition

(Dollar amounts in millions, unless otherwise stated)

For the purposes of the discussion in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the term "VRIAC" refers to Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company, and the terms "Company," "we," "our," "us" refer to Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company and its subsidiaries. We are a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Holdings Inc., which is a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Voya Financial, Inc.

The following discussion and analysis presents a review of our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 and financial condition as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. This item should be read in its entirety and in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes contained in Part I., Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as "Management's Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition" section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 ("Annual Report on Form 10-K").

In addition to historical data, this discussion contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations and financial performance based on current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. See Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements.

Overview

VRIAC is a stock life insurance company domiciled in the State of Connecticut. VRIAC and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company") provide financial products and services in the United States. VRIAC is authorized to conduct its insurance business in all states and in the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical estimates and assumptions are evaluated on an on-going basis based on historical developments, market conditions, industry trends and other information that is reasonable under the circumstances. There can be no assurance that actual results will conform to estimates and assumptions and that reported results of operations will not be materially affected by the need to make future accounting adjustments to reflect changes in these estimates and assumptions from time to time. Those estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from those estimates, and the differences may be material to the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

We have identified the following accounting judgments and estimates as critical in that they involve a higher degree of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability:

•Valuation of investments and derivatives;

•Investment impairments;

•Income taxes; and

•Contingencies.

In developing these accounting estimates, we make subjective and complex judgments that are inherently uncertain and subject to material changes as facts and circumstances develop. Although variability is inherent in these estimates, we believe the amounts provided are appropriate based on the facts available upon preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-12, Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts ("ASU 2018-12"). As a result, deferred policy acquisition costs ("DAC") and value of business acquired ("VOBA") were no longer considered critical estimates, as the amortization methodology is no longer subject to a significant degree of variability and does not require a high degree of judgment.

The above critical accounting estimates that were not impacted as a result of the adoption of ASU 2018-12 are described in the Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Note in our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

50

Impact of New Accounting Pronouncements

For information regarding the impact of new accounting pronouncements, see the Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Note in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Income Taxes

In August 2022, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA of 2022”), which imposes a 15% alternative minimum tax (“CAMT”) on the adjusted financial statement income of large corporations and a 1% excise tax on the fair market value of stock that is repurchased by publicly traded U.S. corporations or their specified affiliates. The CAMT and the excise tax are effective in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2022. The Internal Revenue Service has only issued limited guidance on the CAMT, and uncertainty remains regarding the application of and potential adjustments to the CAMT. If the CAMT applies, we will be required to pay tax at the 15% CAMT rate despite our U.S. Federal net operating loss carryforwards. As a separate taxpayer, we do not expect to be subject to the 1% excise tax.

See the Income Taxes Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on income taxes.

Results of Operations

($ in millions)	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2023		2022		Change
Revenues:
Net investment income		$	384	$	449	$	(65)
Fee income		237		263		(26)
Premiums		3		3		—
Net gains (losses)		(25)		(182)		157
Other revenue		6		11		(5)
Total revenues		605		544		61
Benefits and expenses:
Interest credited and other benefits to contract owners/policyholders		184		176		8
Operating expenses		303		296		7
Net amortization of Deferred policy acquisition costs and Value of business acquired		19		21		(2)
Total benefits and expenses		506		493		13
Income (loss) before income taxes		99		51		48
Income tax expense (benefit)		9		(1)		10
Net income (loss)		$	90	$	52	$	38

51

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Revenues

Net investment income decreased by $65 million from $449 million to $384 million primarily due to:

•lower alternative investment and prepayment fee income in the current period primarily driven by the impact of equity market performance.

Fee income decreased by $26 million from $263 million to $237 million primarily due to:

•low average equity markets and a lower fee rate.

Net gains (losses) improved by $157 million from a loss of $182 million to a loss of $25 million primarily due to:

•a favorable change in mark-to-market adjustments on securities subject to fair value option accounting primarily due to interest rate movements;

•higher impairments in the prior period primarily related to CECL.

The improvement was partially offset by:

•net unfavorable changes in derivative valuations due to interest rate movements.

Benefits and Expense

Income tax expense (benefit) changed by $10 million from a benefit of $1 million to an expense of $9 million primarily due to:

•an increase in income before income taxes.

Investments

See Management's Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition in Part II, Item. 7. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on our investment strategy.

See the Investments Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on investments.

52

Portfolio Composition

The following table presents the investment portfolio as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
($ in millions)	Carrying Value		% of Total		Carrying Value		% of Total
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, net of allowance	$	19,704	70.8	%	$	19,772	70.4	%
Fixed maturities, at fair value option	1,339		4.8	%	1,255		4.5	%
Equity securities, at fair value	128		0.5	%	133		0.5	%
Short-term investments(1)	—		—	%	248		0.9	%
Mortgage loans on real estate, net of allowance	4,134		14.9	%	4,213		15.0	%
Policy loans	158		0.6	%	159		0.6	%
Limited partnerships/corporations	1,060		3.8	%	1,043		3.7	%
Derivatives	270		0.9	%	322		1.1	%
Securities pledged	883		3.2	%	792		2.8	%
Other investments	134		0.5	%	132		0.5	%
Total investments	$	27,810	100.0	%	$	28,069	100.0	%
(1) Short-term investments include investments with remaining maturities of one year or less, but greater than 3 months, at the time of purchase.

Fixed Maturities

The following tables present total fixed maturities, including securities pledged, by market sector as of the dates indicated:

	March 31, 2023
($ in millions)	Amortized Cost		% of Total		Fair Value		% of Total
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasuries	$	316	1.3	%	$	304	1.4	%
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	32		0.1	%	30		0.1	%
State, municipalities, and political subdivisions	667		2.8	%	601		2.7	%
U.S. corporate public securities	6,768		28.3	%	5,998		27.4	%
U.S. corporate private securities	3,904		16.3	%	3,654		16.7	%
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	2,333		9.7	%	2,089		9.5	%
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	2,543		10.6	%	2,415		11.0	%
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,982		12.4	%	2,881		13.2	%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,942		12.3	%	2,571		11.7	%
Other asset-backed securities	1,479		6.2	%	1,383		6.3	%
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	$	23,966	100.0	%	$	21,926	100.0	%

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

53

	December 31, 2022
($ in millions)	Amortized Cost		% of Total		Fair Value		% of Total
Fixed maturities:
U.S. Treasuries	$	404	1.7	%	$	377	1.7	%
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	33		0.1	%	30		0.1	%
State, municipalities, and political subdivisions	691		2.8	%	600		2.7	%
U.S. corporate public securities	6,938		28.6	%	5,938		27.2	%
U.S. corporate private securities	3,885		15.9	%	3,568		16.4	%
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	2,380		9.8	%	2,066		9.5	%
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	2,617		10.7	%	2,438		11.2	%
Residential mortgage-backed securities	3,023		12.4	%	2,893		13.3	%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,978		12.2	%	2,599		11.9	%
Other asset-backed securities	1,418		5.8	%	1,310		6.0	%
Total fixed maturities, including securities pledged	$	24,367	100.0	%	$	21,819	100.0	%

(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

As of March 31, 2023, the average duration of our fixed maturities portfolio, including securities pledged, is between 6.5 and 7.0 years.

Fixed Maturities Credit Quality - Ratings

For information regarding our fixed maturities credit quality ratings, see the Management's Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition in Part II, Item. 7. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

54

The following tables present credit quality of fixed maturities, including securities pledged, using NAIC designations as of the dates indicated:

($ in millions)	March 31, 2023
NAIC Quality Designation	1			2			3			4			5			6			Total Fair Value
U.S. Treasuries	$	304		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	304
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	30			—			—			—			—			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	577			24			—			—			—			—			601
U.S. corporate public securities	1,788			3,955			227			28			—			—			5,998
U.S. corporate private securities	1,333			2,071			182			67			1			—			3,654
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	676			1,288			83			41			—			1			2,089
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	287			2,015			84			20			9			—			2,415
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,633			231			2			—			6			9			2,881
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,153			343			61			7			5			2			2,571
Other asset-backed securities	1,168			205			2			4			1			3			1,383
Total fixed maturities	$	10,949		$	10,132		$	641		$	167		$	22		$	15		$	21,926
% of Fair Value	49.9%			46.2%			2.9%			0.8%			0.1%			0.1%			100.0%
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
($ in millions)	December 31, 2022
NAIC Quality Designation	1			2			3			4			5			6			Total Fair Value
U.S. Treasuries	$	377		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	377
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	30			—			—			—			—			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	567			33			—			—			—			—			600
U.S. corporate public securities	1,799			3,886			218			26			—			9			5,938
U.S. corporate private securities	1,293			2,027			180			66			2			—			3,568
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	680			1,266			75			40			—			5			2,066
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	282			2,044			82			21			9			—			2,438
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,640			238			2			—			5			8			2,893
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	2,160			366			59			7			5			2			2,599
Other asset-backed securities	1,081			218			2			5			1			3			1,310
Total fixed maturities	$	10,909		$	10,078		$	618		$	165		$	22		$	27		$	21,819
% of Fair Value	50.0		%	46.2		%	2.8		%	0.8		%	0.1		%	0.1		%	100.0		%
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

55

The following tables present credit quality of fixed maturities, including securities pledged, using ARO ratings as of the dates

indicated:

($ in millions)	March 31, 2023
ARO Quality Ratings	AAA			AA			A			BBB			BB and Below			Total Fair Value
U.S. Treasuries	$	304		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	304
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	28			2			—			—			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	39			367			170			25			—			601
U.S. corporate public securities	23			283			1,645			3,784			263			5,998
U.S. corporate private securities	28			150			1,102			2,101			273			3,654
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	7			103			602			1,237			140			2,089
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	—			32			241			2,014			128			2,415
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,270			142			89			187			193			2,881
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	909			287			586			684			105			2,571
Other asset-backed securities	98			310			743			208			24			1,383
Total fixed maturities	$	3,706		$	1,676		$	5,178		$	10,240		$	1,126		$21,926
% of Fair Value	16.9		%	7.7		%	23.6		%	46.7		%	5.1		%	100.0		%
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.
($ in millions)	December 31, 2022
ARO Quality Ratings	AAA			AA			A			BBB			BB and Below			Total Fair Value
U.S. Treasuries	$	377		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	377
U.S. Government agencies and authorities	28			2			—			—			—			30
State, municipalities and political subdivisions	38			370			159			33			—			600
U.S. corporate public securities	21			283			1,679			3,686			269			5,938
U.S. corporate private securities	27			146			1,065			2,069			261			3,568
Foreign corporate public securities and foreign governments(1)	8			116			591			1,218			133			2,066
Foreign corporate private securities(1)	—			26			239			2,047			126			2,438
Residential mortgage-backed securities	2,210			145			79			185			274			2,893
Commercial mortgage-backed securities	895			288			608			687			121			2,599
Other asset-backed securities	88			290			694			221			17			1,310
Total fixed maturities	$	3,692		$	1,666		$	5,114		$	10,146		$	1,201		$	21,819
% of Fair Value	16.9		%	7.6		%	23.5		%	46.5		%	5.5		%	100.0		%
(1) Primarily U.S. dollar denominated.

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Fixed maturities rated BB and below may have speculative characteristics and changes in economic conditions or other circumstances that are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the issuer to make principal and interest payments than is the case with higher rated fixed maturities.

Unrealized Capital Losses

Gross unrealized losses on fixed maturities, including securities pledged, decreased $436 million from $2.6 billion to $2.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decreased in unrealized losses was driven primarily by lower interest rates across the yield curve.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we held two and three fixed maturity securities with unrealized capital losses in excess of $10 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the unrealized capital losses on these fixed maturity securities equaled $21 million, or 1.0% and $33.2 million, or 1.3% of the total unrealized losses, respectively.

As of March 31, 2023, we had $1.4 billion of energy sector fixed maturity securities, constituting 6.5% of the total fixed maturities portfolio, with gross unrealized capital losses of $104 million, including no energy sector fixed maturity security with unrealized capital loss in excess of $10 million. As of March 31, 2023, our fixed maturity exposure to the energy sector is comprised of 89.7% investment grade securities.

As of December 31, 2022, we held $1.4 billion of energy sector fixed maturity securities, constituting 6.0% of the total fixed maturities portfolio, with gross unrealized capital losses of $131 million, including no energy sector fixed maturity security with unrealized capital loss in excess of $10 million. As of December 31, 2022, our fixed maturity exposure to the energy sector is comprised of 88.0% investment grade securities.

See the Investments Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on unrealized capital losses.

Residential Mortgage-backed Securities

The following tables present our residential mortgage-backed securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	March 31, 2023
($ in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Capital Gains		Gross Unrealized Capital Losses		Embedded Derivatives		Fair Value
Prime Agency	$	1,589	$	15	$	25	$	1	$	1,580
Prime Non-Agency	1,362		10		104		—		1,268
Alt-A	22		2		1		1		24
Sub-Prime(1)	18		1		1		—		18
Total RMBS	$	2,991	$	28	$	131	$	2	$	2,890
(1) Includes subprime other asset backed securities.
	December 31, 2022
($ in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Capital Gains		Gross Unrealized Capital Losses		Embedded Derivatives		Fair Value
Prime Agency	$	1,493	$	12	$	33	$	—	$	1,472
Prime Non-Agency	1,496		7		118		—		1,385
Alt-A	24		3		1		1		27
Sub-Prime(1)	19		1		1		—		19
Total RMBS	$	3,032	$	23	$	153	$	1	$	2,903
(1) Includes subprime other asset backed securities.

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Commercial Mortgage-backed Securities

The following tables present our commercial mortgage-backed securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	March 31, 2023
($ in millions)	AAA				AA				A				BBB				BB and Below				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
2017 and prior	$	646	$	572	$	130	$	122	$	203	$	184	$	151	$	127	$	86	$	75	$	1,216	$	1,080
2018	73		66		19		17		62		56		29		22		17		12		200		173
2019	126		113		33		31		96		86		212		169		9		8		476		407
2020	45		42		21		18		46		37		109		87		—		—		221		184
2021	122		99		69		63		155		136		239		209		3		3		588		510
2022	21		17		35		33		93		84		79		70		7		7		235		211
2023	—		—		4		3		2		3		—		—		—		—		6		6
Total CMBS	$	1,033	$	909	$	311	$	287	$	657	$	586	$	819	$	684	$	122	$	105	$	2,942	$	2,571
	December 31, 2022
($ in millions)	AAA				AA				A				BBB				BB and Below				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
2017 and prior	$	642	$	559	$	139	$	129	$	206	$	187	$	160	$	138	$	83	$	74	$	1,230	$	1,087
2018	73		64		19		16		71		64		29		24		17		14		209		182
2019	126		111		33		31		104		94		202		164		6		4		471		404
2020	50		46		21		18		46		37		107		85		—		—		224		186
2021	123		98		67		60		138		121		231		200		3		3		562		482
2022	20		17		36		34		114		105		86		76		26		26		282		258
Total CMBS	$	1,034	$	895	$	315	$	288	$	679	$	608	$	815	$	687	$	135	$	121	$	2,978	$	2,599

As of March 31, 2023, 83.7% and 13.4% of CMBS investments were designated as NAIC-1 and NAIC-2, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, 82.9% and 14.2% of CMBS investments were designated as NAIC-1 and NAIC-2, respectively.

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Other Asset-backed Securities

The following tables present our other asset-backed securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	March 31, 2023
($ in millions)	AAA				AA				A				BBB				BB and Below				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Collateralized Obligation	$	58	$	57	$	265	$	255	$	688	$	649	$	72	$	66	$	15	$	10	$	1,098	$	1,037
Auto-Loans	—		—		5		5		—		—		—		—		—		—		5		5
Student Loans	10		9		53		49		—		—		—		—		—		—		63		58
Credit Card loans	—		—		—		—		2		2		—		—		—		—		2		2
Other Loans	37		32		1		1		101		92		154		139		9		8		302		272
Total Other ABS(1)	$	105	$	98	$	324	$	310	$	791	$	743	$	226	$	205	$	24	$	18	$	1,470	$	1,374
(1) Excludes subprime other asset backed securities
	December 31, 2022
($ in millions)	AAA				AA				A				BBB				BB and Below				Total
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Collateralized Obligation	$	50	$	48	$	247	$	236	$	658	$	616	$	72	$	66	$	15	$	10	$	1,042	$	976
Auto-Loans	—		—		6		6		—		—		—		—		—		—		6		6
Student Loans	10		9		53		48		—		—		—		—		—		—		63		57
Credit Card loans	—		—		—		—		2		1		—		—		—		—		2		1
Other Loans	37		30		1		1		86		76		172		153		—		—		296		260
Total Other ABS(1)	$	97	$	87	$	307	$	291	$	746	$	693	$	244	$	219	$	15	$	10	$	1,409	$	1,300
(1) Excludes subprime other asset backed securities

As of March 31, 2023, 84.5% and 15.0% of Other ABS investments were designated as NAIC-1 and NAIC-2, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, 82.7% and 16.8% of Other ABS investments were designated as NAIC-1 and NAIC-2, respectively.

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate

As of March 31, 2023, our mortgage loans on real estate portfolio had a weighted average DSC of 1.8 times and a weighted average LTV ratio of 46.2%. As of December 31, 2022, our mortgage loans on real estate portfolio had a weighted average DSC of 1.8 times and a weighted average LTV ratio of 46.6%. See the Investments Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on mortgage loans on real estate.

Impairments

We evaluate available-for-sale fixed maturities for impairment on a regular basis. The assessment of whether impairments have occurred is based on a case-by-case evaluation of the underlying reasons for the decline in estimated fair value. See the Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Note to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the policy used to evaluate whether the investments are impaired.

See the Investments Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on impairments.

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Derivatives

We use derivatives for a variety of hedging purposes. We also have embedded derivatives within fixed maturities instruments and certain product features. See the Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Note in our Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

See the Derivative Financial Instruments Note to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on derivatives.

European Exposures

We quantify and allocate our exposure to the region by attempting to identify aspects of the region or country risk to which we are exposed. Among the factors we consider are the nationality of the issuer, the nationality of the issuer's ultimate parent, the corporate and economic relationship between the issuer and its parent, as well as the political, legal and economic environment in which each functions. By undertaking this assessment, we believe that we develop a more accurate assessment of the actual geographic risk, with a more integrated understanding of contributing factors to the full risk profile of the issuer.

In the normal course of our ongoing risk and portfolio management process, we closely monitor compliance with a credit limit hierarchy designed to minimize overly concentrated risk exposures by geography, sector and issuer. This framework takes into account various factors such as internal and external ratings, capital efficiency and liquidity and is overseen by a combination of Investment and Corporate Risk Management, as well as insurance portfolio managers focused specifically on managing the investment risk embedded in our portfolio.

While economic conditions in Europe have broadly improved, geopolitical tensions emanating from the Russia-Ukraine conflict remain a notable tail risk. Despite signs of economic improvement in the region, we continue to closely monitor our exposure to the region.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company's total European exposure had an amortized cost and fair value of $2,320 million and $2,125 million, respectively. Some of the major country level exposures were in the United Kingdom of $968 million, in France of $206 million, in The Netherlands of $200 million, in Switzerland of $151 million, in Germany of $171 million, and in Belgium of $42 million. Our direct exposure in Eastern Europe was less than $1 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity refers to our ability to access sufficient sources of cash to meet the requirements of our operating, investing and financing activities. Capital refers to our long-term financial resources available to support business operations and future growth. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital depends on the profitability of the businesses, timing of cash flows on investments and products, general economic conditions and access to the capital markets and the other sources of liquidity and capital described herein.

Liquidity Management

Our principal available sources of liquidity are product charges, investment income, proceeds from maturity and sale of investments, proceeds from debt issuance and borrowing facilities, repurchase agreements, contract deposits, securities lending and capital contributions. Primary uses of these funds are payments of commissions and operating expenses, interest credits, investment purchases and contract maturities, withdrawals and surrenders and payment of dividends.

Our liquidity position is managed by maintaining adequate levels of liquid assets, such as cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. As part of the liquidity management process, different scenarios are modeled to determine whether existing assets are adequate to meet projected cash flows. Key variables in the modeling process include interest rates, equity market movements, quantity and type of interest and equity market hedges, anticipated contract owner behavior, market value of the general account assets, variable separate account performance and implications of rating agency actions.

The fixed account liabilities are supported by a general account portfolio, principally composed of fixed rate investments with matching duration characteristics that can generate predictable, steady rates of return. The portfolio management strategy for the fixed account considers the assets available-for-sale. This strategy enables us to respond to changes in market interest rates, prepayment risk, relative values of asset sectors and individual securities and loans, credit quality outlook and other relevant factors. The objective of portfolio management is to maximize returns, taking into account interest rate and credit risk, as well

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as other risks. Our asset/liability management discipline includes strategies to minimize exposure to loss as interest rates and economic and market conditions change. In executing this strategy, we use derivative instruments to manage these risks. Our derivative counterparties are of high credit quality.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Additional sources of liquidity include borrowing facilities to meet short-term cash requirements that arise in the ordinary course of business. We maintain the following agreements:

•A reciprocal loan agreement with Voya Financial, an affiliate, whereby either party can borrow from the other up to 3.0% of VRIAC's statutory admitted assets as of the prior December 31. As of March 31, 2023, VRIAC had $409 million outstanding receivable and VIPS had $68 million outstanding payable under the reciprocal loan agreement. As of December 31, 2022, we had no outstanding receivable and VIPS had $31 million outstanding payable from/to Voya Financial under the reciprocal loan agreement. We and Voya Financial continue to maintain the reciprocal loan agreement and future borrowings by either party will be subjected to the reciprocal loan terms summarized above. Interest on any borrowing by either us or Voya Financial is charged at a rate based on the prevailing market rate for similar third-party borrowings or securities.

•We hold approximately 45.4% of our assets in marketable securities. These assets include cash, U.S. Treasuries, Agencies, Corporate Bonds, ABS, CMBS and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMO") and Equity securities. In the event of a temporary liquidity need, cash may be raised by entering into repurchase agreements, dollar rolls and/or security lending agreements by temporarily lending securities and receiving cash collateral. Under our Liquidity Plan, up to 12.0% of our general account statutory admitted assets may be allocated to repurchase, securities lending and dollar roll programs. At the time a temporary cash need arises, the actual percentage of admitted assets available for repurchase transactions will depend upon outstanding allocations to the three programs. As of March 31, 2023, VRIAC had securities lending collateral assets of $689 million, which represents approximately 0.6% of its general account statutory admitted assets. As of December 31, 2022, VRIAC had securities lending collateral assets of $615 million, which represents approximately 0.6% of its general account statutory admitted assets.

Management believes that our sources of liquidity are adequate to meet our short-term cash obligations.

Capital Contributions and Dividends

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, VRIAC did not receive any capital contribution from its Parent.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, VRIAC did not pay any dividend to its Parent. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, VRIAC paid an ordinary dividend to its Parent in the aggregate amount of $48 million.

Ratings

Our access to funding and our related cost of borrowing, collateral requirements for derivative instruments and the attractiveness of certain of our products to customers are affected by our credit ratings and insurance financial strength ratings, which are periodically reviewed by the rating agencies. Financial strength ratings and credit ratings are important factors affecting public confidence in an insurer and its competitive position in marketing products. Credit ratings are also important to our ability to raise capital through the issuance of debt and for the cost of such financing.

A downgrade in our credit ratings or the credit or financial strength ratings of our Parent or rated affiliates could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. See A downgrade or a potential downgrade in our financial strength or credit ratings could result in a loss of business and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition in Risk Factors in Part I, Item 1A. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Financial strength ratings represent the opinions of rating agencies regarding the financial ability of an insurance company to meet its obligations under an insurance policy. Credit ratings represent the opinions of rating agencies regarding an entity's ability to repay its indebtedness. These ratings are not a recommendation to buy or hold any of our securities and they may be revised or revoked at any time at the sole discretion of the rating organization.

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Our financial strength rating as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are summarized in the following table.

	Rating Agency
	Fitch, Inc.	Moody's Investors Service, Inc.	Standard & Poor's
Company	("Fitch")(1)	("Moody's")(2)	("S&P")(3)
Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company
Financial Strength Rating	A	A2	A+

(1) Fitch's financial strength rating for insurance companies range from "AAA (exceptionally strong)" to "C (distressed). " Long-term credit ratings range from

"AAA (highest credit quality)," which denotes exceptionally strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, to "D (default)."

(2) Moody’s financial strength ratings for insurance companies range from "Aaa (exceptional)" to "C (lowest)." Numeric modifiers are used to refer to the ranking within the group- with 1 being the highest and 3 being the lowest. These modifiers are used to indicate relative strength within a category. Long-term credit ratings range from "Aaa (highest)" to "C (default)."

(3) S&P's financial strength ratings for insurance companies range from "AAA (extremely strong)" to "D (default)." Long-term credit ratings range from "AAA

(extremely strong)" to "D (default)."

Rating agencies use an "outlook" statement for both industry sectors and individual companies. For an industry sector, a stable outlook generally implies that over the next 12 to 18 months the rating agency expects ratings to remain unchanged among companies in the sector. For a particular company, an outlook generally indicates a medium or long-term trend in credit fundamentals, which if continued, may lead to a rating change. In December 2022, Moody’s affirmed its outlook for the U.S. life insurance sector as stable. Also, in November 2022, Fitch affirmed its outlook for the U.S. life insurance sector as neutral. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have obligations for the return of non-cash collateral under an amendment to our securities lending program. Non-cash collateral received in connection with the securities lending program may not be sold or re-pledged by our lending agent, except in the event of default, and is not reflected on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. For information regarding obligations under this program, see the Investments Note in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

For changes in commitments related to the acquisition of mortgage loans and the purchase of limited partnerships and private placement investments, see the Commitments and Contingencies Note in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 4.     Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's current disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that material information relating to the Company required to be disclosed in the Company's periodic SEC filings is made known to them in a timely manner.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to the Company's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II.    OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.        Legal Proceedings

See the Commitments and Contingencies Note in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I., Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

For a discussion of the Company's potential risks or uncertainties, please see Risk Factors in Part I, Item 1A. in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "Annual Report on Form 10-K") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, please see Management’s Narrative Analysis of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition Part I, Item 2. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 6.    Exhibits

See Exhibit Index on the following page.

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Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company ("VRIAC")

Exhibit Index
Exhibit Number	Description of Exhibit
31.1+	Certificate of Michael R. Katz pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2+	Certificate of Rob Grubka pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1+	Certificate of Michael R. Katz pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2+	Certificate of Rob Grubka pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE+	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101).

+Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

May 11, 2023			Voya Retirement Insurance and Annuity Company
(Date)			(Registrant)
	By:	/s/	Michael R. Katz
			Michael R. Katz
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

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