Filed Pursuant to Rule 424 (b) (3)
Registration No. 333-41356
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
DATED JUNE 14, 2001
(To Prospectus dated February 6, 2001)
AQUASEARCH, INC.
20,000,000 Shares
Common Stock
This Prospectus Supplement together, with the Prospectus listed above, is to be used by certain holders of the above-referenced securities or by their transferees, pledgees, donees or their successors in connection with the offer and sale of the above referenced securities.
The following information is added to the Prospectus:
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Condensed Balance Sheets
April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | October 31, 2000 (Audited) | |
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Assets | | | |
Current assets: | | | |
| Cash |
$ 200,903 | | $ 509,492 | | Accounts receivable | 49,549 | | 12,356 |
| Inventories | 447,395 | | - |
| Prepaid expenses and other | 25,666 | | 14,936 |
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| |
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Total current assets | 723,513 | | 536,784 |
| | | |
Notes receivable | 54,166 | | 50,000 |
Plant and equipment: | | | |
| Plant | 3,279,520 | | 3,015,319 |
| Equipment | 1,096,177 | | 1,093,952 |
| Less accumulated depreciation | (784,930) | | (662,002) |
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Net plant and equipment | 3,590,767 | | 3,447,269 |
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Total assets | $4,368,446 | | $4,034,053 |
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Liabilities and stockholders' equity | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | |
| Accounts payable | $ 1,626,552 | | $ 1,171,965 |
| Due to officer | 297,000 | | 297,000 |
| Short-term advance | - | | 500,000 |
| Notes payable | 1,272,087 | | 710,000 |
| Notes payable to officer | 854,362 | | 757,419 |
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| |
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Total current liabilities | 4,050,001 | | 3,436,384 |
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Stockholders' equity: | | | |
| Preferred stock (5,000,000 shares authorized) | - | | - |
| Common stock ($0.0001 par value, 150,000,000 | | | |
| | shares authorized, 115,899,118 and 105,589,076 | | | |
| | shares issued and outstanding at April 30, 2001 | | | |
| | and October 31, 2000, respectively) | 12,712 | | 11,679 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 18,712,054 | | 16,970,990 |
| Notes receivable | - | | (29,179) |
| Deficit accumulated during the development stage | (18,406,321) | | (16,355,821) |
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| |
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Total stockholders' equity | 318,445 | | 597,669 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ 4,368,446 | | $ 4,034,053 |
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See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
3
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Condensed Statements of Operations
| | For the Period From Inception to April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Three Months Ended April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Three Months Ended April 30, 2000 (Unaudited) |
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Revenues | | | | | | |
Products | | $ 188,266 | | $ 79,471 | | $ - |
Contract services | | 84,190 | | 54,137 | | - |
Royalties | | 207,338 | | 207,338 | | - |
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| |
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Total revenues | | 479,794 | | 340,946 | | - |
| | | | | | |
Costs and expenses | | | | | | |
Cost of products sold | | 110,036 | | 45,397 | | - |
Cost of contract services | | 84,190 | | 54,137 | | - |
Research and development costs | | 7,897,994 | | 281,773 | | 553,014 |
Selling, general and administrative | | | | | | |
| expenses | | 8,787,746 | | 642,070 | | 399,922 |
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Total costs and expenses | | 16,879,966 | | 1,023,377 | | 952,936 |
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Loss from operations | | (16,400,172) | | (682,431) | | (952,936) |
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Other income (expense) | | | | | | |
Interest | | (2,113,609) | | (144,484) | | (234,201) |
Other | | 269,058 | | 4,237 | | 80,449 |
Investment in joint venture | | (147,096) | | - | | - |
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Total other income (expense) | | (1,991,647) | | (140,247) | | (153,752) |
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Loss before extraordinary item | | (18,391,819) | | (822,678) | | (1,106,688) |
Extraordinary item - loss on write down | | | | | | |
| of assets to liquidation basis | | (14,502) | | - | | - |
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Net loss | | $(18,406,321) | | $(822,678) | | $(1,106,688) |
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Loss per share | | $ (0.45) | | $ (0.01) | | $ (0.01) |
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Weighted average shares outstanding | | 41,043,855 | | 111,938,007 | | 100,666,790 |
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See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
4
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Condensed Statements of Operations
| | For the Period From Inception to April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Six Months Ended April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Six Months Ended April 30, 2000 (Unaudited) |
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Revenues | | | | | | |
Products | | $ 188,266 | | $ 177,189 | | $ - |
Contract services | | 84,190 | | 84,190 | | - |
Royalties | | 207,338 | | 207,338 | | - |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total revenues | | 479,794 | | 468,717 | | - |
| | | | | | |
Costs and expenses | | | | | | |
Cost of products sold | | 110,036 | | 86,572 | | - |
Cost of contract services | | 84,190 | | 84,190 | | - |
Research and development costs | | 7,897,994 | | 674,345 | | 1,110,824 |
Selling, general and administrative | | | | | | |
| expenses | | 8,787,746 | | 1,428,151 | | 797,021 |
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Total costs and expenses | | 16,879,966 | | 2,273,258 | | 1,907,845 |
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Loss from operations | | (16,400,172) | | (1,804,541) | | (1,907,845) |
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Other income (expense) | | | | | | |
Interest | | (2,113,609) | | (247,162) | | (380,080) |
Other | | 269,058 | | 1,203 | | 133,981 |
Investment in joint venture | | (147,096) | | - | | - |
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Total other income (expense) | | (1,991,647) | | (245,959) | | (246,099) |
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Loss before extraordinary item | | (18,391,819) | | (2,050,500) | | (2,153,944) |
Extraordinary item - loss on write down | | | | | | |
| of assets to liquidation basis | | (14,502) | | - | | - |
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Net loss | | $(18,406,321) | | $(2,050,500) | | $(2,153,944) |
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Loss per share | | $ (0.45) | | $ (0.02) | | $ (0.02) |
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Weighted average shares outstanding | | 41,043,855 | | 109,131,854 | | 97,136,766 |
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See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
5
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
| | From Inception to April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Six Months Ended April 30, 2001 (Unaudited) | | For the Six Months Ended April 30, 2000 (Unaudited) |
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Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $(18,406,321) | | $(2,050,500) | | $(2,153,944) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net | | | | | | |
| cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | |
| | Depreciation | | 784,930 | | 122,928 | | 122,982 |
| | Allowance on note receivable | | 108,500 | | 10,500 | | 21,000 |
| | Expenses paid with common stock | | 1,247,653 | | 25,193 | | 121,256 |
| | Discount on convertible notes payable | | 1,599,558 | | 134,171 | | 295,412 |
| | Changes in: | | | | | | |
| | | Accounts receivable | | (49,549) | | (37,193) | | (17,983) |
| | | Inventories | | (447,395) | | (447,395) | | - |
| | | Prepaid expenses and other | | | | | | |
| | | | current assets | | (25,666) | | (10,730) | | (2,542) |
| | | Accounts payable | | 1,626,552 | | 454,586 | | (156,381) |
| | | Due to officer | | 297,000 | | - | | (55,200) |
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Cash used in operating activities | | (13,264,738) | | (1,798,440) | | (1,825,400) |
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Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | |
Purchases of fixed assets | | (4,375,696) | | (266,425) | | 7,662 |
(Increase) decrease in notes receivable | | (102,970) | | 14,513 | | (21,000) |
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Cash used in investing activities | | (4,478,666) | | (251,912) | | (13,338) |
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Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | | 7,336,033 | | 1,260,000 | | 613,500 |
Repayment of short-term advance | | - | | (500,000) | | - |
Proceeds from notes payable | | 11,290,950 | | 1,092,087 | | 1,634,000 |
Repayment of notes payable | | (105,285) | | - | | - |
Offering costs | | (577,391) | | (110,324) | | - |
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Cash provided by financing activities | | 17,944,307 | | 1,741,763 | | 2,247,500 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash | | 200,903 | | (308,589) | | 408,762 |
Cash, beginning of the period | | - | | 509,492 | | 90,522 |
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Cash, end of the period | | $ 200,903 | | $ 200,903 | | $ 499,284 |
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Supplemental non-cash information: | | | | | | |
| Conversion of convertible notes | | | | | | |
| | payable to common stock | | $ 8,643,863 | | $ 430,000 | | $ 2,444,000 |
| Reduction in notes payable to officer and | | | | | | |
| | related interest for exercise of stock | | | | | | |
| | options | | 540,000 | | 27,000 | | - |
See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.
6
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes To Condensed Financial Statements
April 30, 2001
(Unaudited)
1. General
The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-QSB. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.
These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended October 31, 2000.
2. Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market. At April 30, 2001, inventories consisted of $365,730 of work in process and $81,665 of finished goods and are stated at net realizable value.
3. Revenue Recognition
Product revenue is recognized upon shipment to customers. Contract services revenue is recognized as services are performed on a cost reimbursement basis. Royalties are recognized as received.
4. Notes Payable
Notes payable consisted of the following:
| | April 30, 2001 | | October 31, 2000 |
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One-year convertible notes, unsecured, bearing | | | | |
| interest at 10% per annum payable at the earlier | | | | |
| of conversion or maturity | | $ 420,300 | | $ 90,000 |
90 day short-term bridge financing notes, unsecured, | | | | |
| bearing interest at 10% per annum | | - | | 370,000 |
One-year promissory note, unsecured, bearing | | | | |
| interest at 10% per annum | | - | | 250,000 |
Short-term bridge financing notes due June 30, 2001, | | | | |
| unsecured, bearing interest at 10% per annum | | 551,787 | | - |
One-year bank loan, unsecured, bearing interest | | | | |
| at 2.5% above the bank's prime rate (10% at | | | | |
| April 30, 2001) | | 100,000 | | - |
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Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes To Condensed Financial Statements
April 30, 2001
(Unaudited)
4. Notes Payable (continued)
| | April 30, 2001 | | October 31, 2000 |
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|
One-year bank loan, guaranteed by two of the | | | | |
| Company's officers, bearing interest at 3% above | | | | |
| the bank's prime rate (10.5% at April 30, 2001) | | 200,000 | | - |
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Total notes payable | | $1,272,087 | | $710,000 |
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Six-month note payable to an officer of the Company, | | | | |
| unsecured, bearing interest at 10% per annum | | $100,000 | | $100,000 |
One-year notes payable to an officer of the Company, | | | | |
| unsecured, bearing interest at 10% per annum | | 754,362 | | 657,419 |
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Total notes payable to officer | | $854,362 | | $757,419 |
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5. Common Stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants
An analysis of the changes in stockholders' equity (deficit) is as follows:
| | Shares of Common Stock | | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Notes Receivable | |
Accumulated Deficit | | Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) |
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Balance, January 31, 2001 | | 106,457,451 | | $ 11,767 | | $17,154,448 | | $ (29,179) | | $ (17,583,643) | | $ (446,607) |
Issuance of stock upon | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| conversion of convertible | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| notes payable ($0.20 per | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| share) | | 1,250,000 | | 125 | | 249,875 | | - | | - | | 250,000 |
Sale of stock ($0.15 to | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| $0.16 per share) | | 8,166,667 | | 818 | | 1,214,909 | | - | | - | | 1,215,727 |
Issuance of stock upon | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| exercise of stock options | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ($0.36 per share) | | 25,000 | | 2 | | 8,998 | | - | | - | | 9,000 |
Payment on notes | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| receivable issued upon | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| exercise of common stock | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| options | | - | | - | | - | | 29,179 | | - | | 29,179 |
Discount on convertible | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| notes payable | | - | | - | | 83,824 | | - | | - | | 83,824 |
Loss for the three months | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ended April 30, 2001 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | (822,678) | | (822,678) |
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Balance, April 30, 2001 | | 115,899,118 | | $ 12,712 | | $18,712,054 | | $ - | | $ (18,406,321) | | $ 318,445 |
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8
Aquasearch, Inc.
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes To Condensed Financial Statements
April 30, 2001
(Unaudited)
5. Common Stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants (continued)
Discount on convertible notes payable of $83,824 results from the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock underlying the convertible notes on their respective issuance dates for convertible notes issued during the quarter ended April 30, 2001.
The following is a summary of our common stock purchase warrant transactions for the quarter ended April 30, 2001:
Exercise Price | | Outstanding at January 31, 2001 | | Issued | | Exercised | | Outstanding at April 30, 2001 |
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$0.375 | | 200,000 | | - | | - | | 200,000 |
$0.40 | | 1,100,000 | | 700,000 | | - | | 1,800,000 |
$0.48 | | - | | 150,000 | | - | | 150,000 |
$0.50 | | 6,711,513 | | 250,000 | | - | | 6,961,513 |
$0.54 | | - | | 1,350,000 | | - | | 1,350,000 |
$0.75 | | 627,475 | | - | | - | | 627,475 |
$1.00 | | 489,249 | | - | | - | | 489,249 |
$1.50 | | 154,599 | | - | | - | | 154,599 |
$2.00 | | 79,491 | | - | | - | | 79,491 |
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| | 9,362,327 | | 2,450,000 | | - | | 11,812,327 |
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At April 30, 2001, we had reserved a sufficient number of shares of our common stock for issuance upon exercise of the warrants.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S PLAN OF OPERATION
This Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), including statements that include the words "believes", "expects", "estimates", "anticipates" or similar expressions. These statements are denoted by an asterisk (*). Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Risk factors include, but are not limited to, our ability to raise or generate additional capital; our ability to cost-effectively manufacture our products on a commercial scale; the concentration of our current customer base; competition; our ability to comply with applicable regulatory requirements; potential need for expansion of our production facility; the potential loss of a strategic relationship; inability to attract and retain key personnel; a lack of time commitment by our Scientific Advisory Board; management's ability to effectively manage our growth; difficulties and resource constraints in developing new products; protection and enforcement of our intellectual property; compliance with environmental laws; climate uncertainty; currency fluctuations; exposure to product liability lawsuits; and control of our management and affairs by principal shareholders.
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The reader should carefully consider, together with the other matters referred to herein, the information contained under the caption "Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results" in our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for a more detailed description of these significant risks and uncertainties. We caution the reader, however, that these factors may not be exhaustive.
Management's Plan of Operation for the Next Twelve Months
During the next twelve months we will focus on sales and marketing, product development, and drug discovery, specifically:
·expanding sales of our first nutraceutical product,The AstaFactor™;
· developing compound libraries for drug discovery; and
· formulating more nutraceutical products.*
(1) The AstaFactor™-Nutraceutical Astaxanthin
The AstaFactor™,our first major nutraceutical product, is a dietary supplement rich in astaxanthin. Astaxanthin is a powerful, bioactive anti-oxidant (approximately 100 times more potent than Vitamin E), with anti-inflammatory properties. Astaxanthin has demonstrated efficacy in animal or human models of:
·Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: major neurodegenerative diseases
·Macular degeneration: the leading cause of blindness in the U.S.
·Cholesterol disease: ameliorates the effects of LDL (the "bad" cholesterol)
·Stroke: repairs damage caused by lack of oxygen
·Cancer: protects against several types of cancer
We believe a strong market could develop forThe AstaFactor™ among persons afflicted with these ailments because of:
·Large size of potential market: millions of Americans are affected
·Poor prognosis: some of these diseases have ineffective or no approved treatments
·Promising data: quality of data in relevant human and animal models is promising*
We believe our current production capacity would satisfy approximately 1% of the estimated U.S. market for persons affected by just one of the illnesses mentioned above.* We estimate this would generate retail sales of more than $5 million per year.* We can expand most cost-effectively by adding only finishing ponds. We estimate that this would allow a five-fold expansion of astaxanthin production at a cost of approximately $1.8 million.*
We believe there is a market for our natural astaxanthin at all levels in the value chain.* We began sellingThe AstaFactor™ directly to consumers. As demand in Hawaii increased we started selling to more than 40 retail outlets, and we are pursuing similar distribution channels on the U.S. mainland.
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(2) Drug Development
The Drug Discovery Process. The average cost of discovering one new drug and bringing it into the market now exceeds $320 million. Surprisingly, half those costs are incurred in "discovery." Pharmaceutical companies may spend more than $150 million before the drug even goes into clinical trials.
The Discovery Process: Most new drugs are based on substances discovered in nature. The crude extract of a plant, for example, is shown to have antibacterial activity. The extract is repeatedly purified and tested until the antibacterial activity can be attributed to a single molecule. After pre-clinical testing, this "bioactive" molecule may become a drug candidate for clinical trials. The cost of discovering and identifying a bioactive molecule from natural sources is not large, by itself. The real cost of discovery lies in:
"Rediscovery": For every 250 compounds taken to discovery - only 1 is patentable. The remainder are "rediscoveries" - compounds that are already known, and therefore not patentable. The cost of rediscovery can be significant. Rediscoveries are common because biopharmaceutical companies continue to mine the common natural sources - terrestrial plants and microbes. The rediscovery rate among the microalgae is very low. Among certain groups of microalgae,most of the bioactive compounds are new, and therefore patentable. Why have biopharmaceutical companies not exploited this resource? The answer lies in:
Cultivation of Sufficient Quantity: Bioactive compounds from natural sources typically occur in very small amounts. Laboratory cultivation might provide enough pure compound for identification. But clinical trials must rely on large-scale cultivation or chemical synthesis. If cultivation cannot supply enough compound for pre-clinical trials, then the discovery process usually stops. Synthesis is expensive and, in 1 out of 5 cases, either prohibitively expensive or impossible.
Aquasearch Photobioreactor Technology - its Role in Drug Development.We believe that our photobioreactor technology, the Aquasearch Growth Module, (AGM), is a revolutionary achievement.* First, it is 1,000 times larger than the average laboratory cultivation system. Second, the level of computerized process control is greater than traditional biotechnology manufacturing processes. These two achievements allow large quantities of microalgae to be produced under highly controlled conditions. Solving these problems means that compounds long stalled in the discovery process may now be developed to yield viable drugs.
Aquasearch Compound Libraries - Magnifying Opportunities for Drug Discovery.In August 2000, we made our first "compound library." We began with pure astaxanthin - a known bioactive compound - and, in collaboration with Albany Molecular Research (NASDAQ: AMRI), we created a number of closely related "derivative" compounds. This collection of compounds is a compound library. Many of our new compounds are patentable.
Compound libraries like ours are attracting growing interest in the pharmaceutical industry because they are based on bioactive natural compounds, modified by a biological (enzymatic) process. The U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) recently completed screening of our first compound library for activity against approximately 60 types of cancer cells. In March 2001, NCI researchers confirmed anti-cancer activity in one of the library's compounds and have proceeded to a toxicity study for potential adverse affects on laboratory animals. Pending results of the study, the NCI plans to have the compound go on to pre-clinical trials in human cancer tumors.
Our Agreement with University of Hawaii - Accelerating Drug Discovery. A significant part of our drug development program is our agreement with University of Hawaii (UH), entered into in January 2001. This gives Aquasearch exclusive rights to more than 100 unique, bioactive compounds from microalgae. These compounds were derived from a remarkable collection of approximately 2,000 strains of microalgae. One of the compounds is now in Phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer.
Most importantly, the bioactive compounds have never been tested in any disease other than cancer. Other compounds may prove active against other diseases.
11
We believe our agreement with UH is a significant opportunity.* We estimate that in order to isolate from nature 100 bioactive compounds from traditional sources, a biopharmaceutical company would have to isolate and identify approximately 25,000 compounds.* We are starting with these compounds and have the technology to supply sufficient quantities for further testing and pre-clinical trials.
The compounds remaining in the collection may prove active against other diseases. We plan to increase the probability of success by making compound libraries from selected bioactive molecules.* This approach can create thousands of lead compounds for pre-clinical screening.
Our Drug Development Business Plan.Our business model is designed to reduce the risks inherent in drug development. Our proprietary cultivation technology, coupled with exclusive access to dozens of unique molecules in the UH collection, enables us to proceed rapidly to pre-clinical studies. We expect to offer to larger biopharmaceutical companies a significant number of new, bioactive chemical structures for their pipelines.*
We plan to develop patentable molecules in the UH collection into compound libraries over the next several years.* The molecules in these libraries would then be screened against numerous diseases in a variety of pre-clinical trials. We believe that compounds which survive the pre-clinical study process may have considerable value.* Our strategy is to focus on strategic partnerships with biopharmaceutical companies that have an interest in acquiring new drug candidates.
We believe the potential sources of revenue from this approach may include the following:
1) Library Access Fee
· access time: limited to 3-12 months
· application: limited to certain diseases or disease areas
· multiple customers allowed
2) Licensing Fee
· $3 million to $15 million per compound per indication
· activated by decision to begin clinical trials
3) Milestone Payments
· $500,000 to $25 million per event
· activated by the results of pre-clinical and clinical trials
4) Royalties
· activated by FDA approval and full commercialization*
(3) Expanding our Nutraceutical Product Pipeline
We have identified many potential nutraceutical products among the microalgae, mostly through the published scientific literature. Our nutritional supplement pipeline has recently received a major boost from the federal government. In October 2000 we began work on a $2.4 million project, with funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), to develop proprietary "high-value products from microalgae." We expect to receive $1.2 million over three years pursuant to a subcontract with Physical Sciences, Inc. for our work on the project. To the DOE, these high-value products would cut the cost of removing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, from Earth's atmosphere. To Aquasearch, this contract dramatically cuts our cost of product development. We expect our new nutritional supplement products to follow the process proven by The AstaFactorÔ , nine to twelve months of product development, followed by human clinical safety trials, and FDA approval.*
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We are focused on markets for high-value products that, like those for natural astaxanthin, have potential sales of more than $100 million, and few or no known competitors. At our research and development/production facility, we can directly measure economic feasibility from data gathered during a six-month production run in our commercial-scale Ultra-AGM.
We are well aware that nutraceutical products, because they are not highly regulated, have caused concern among some consumers. Our goal is to self-regulate at a higher standard than required by law.* We are implementing a variety of testing procedures designed to maximize product safety and product efficacy.
Our marketing approach may determine many aspects of product development. We would prefer to sell products directly to the consumer. However, if a strategic partner can contribute significantly to product development or marketing, then we will consider an alliance that could accelerate or maximize the process.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Since inception, our primary operating activities have consisted of basic research and development and production process development; recruiting personnel; purchasing operating assets; and raising capital. From inception through April 30, 2001, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $18.4 million. Our losses to date have resulted primarily from costs incurred in research and development and from selling, general and administrative expenses associated with operations. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for at least the next year as we increase the expansion of our product pipeline.* We expect to have quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year fluctuations in revenues, expenses and losses, some of which could be significant.*
We have a limited operating history. Your assessment of our prospects should include the technology risks, market risks, expenses and other difficulties frequently encountered by development stage companies, and particularly companies attempting to enter competitive industries with significant technology risks and barriers to entry. We have attempted to address these risks by, among other things, hiring and retaining highly qualified persons and forging strategic alliances with companies and universities that complement and leverage our technical strengths. However, our best efforts cannot guarantee that we will overcome these risks in a timely manner, if at all.
We are in the process of transition to a full-scale commercial producer of microalgae products. These changes in our business have placed and will continue to place significant demands on our management, working capital and financial and management control systems.
Results of Operations
Revenues. We began sales ofThe AstaFactor™, our nutraceutical astaxanthin product, on March 30, 2000. During the quarters ended April 30, 2001 and 2000 sales ofThe AstaFactor ™totaled approximately $60,000 and $9,000, respectively. During the six months ended April 30, 2001, sales ofThe AstaFactor™totaled $144,000. During the quarters ended April 30, 2001 and 2000, we had revenues of approximately $19,000 and $70,000, respectively, from sales of our natural astaxanthin product,Aquaxan™. During the six months ended April 30, 2001 and 2000, we had revenues of approximately $32,000 and $124,000, respectively, from sales ofAquaxan™. The aforementioned amounts for the periods ended April 30, 2000 were classified as other income in the accompanying financial statements, since they were considered to be incidental to our ongoing research and development activities. We have recognized approximately $30,000 and $54,000 of revenues for the quarters ended January 31, and April 30, 2001, respectively, pursuant to our subcontract with Physical Sciences, Inc. for our work on the U.S. Department of Energy project. Royalty revenues for the quarter ended April 30, 2001 included amounts received pursuant to a litigation settlement agreement.
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Cost of Products Sold. Cost of products sold include manufacturing and production costs associated withThe AstaFactor™ andAquaxan™. Cost of products sold were approximately $45,000 and $87,000 for the three and six month periods ended April 30, 2001, respectively. This resulted in gross margins of approximately $34,000 and $91,000, or 43% and 51%, for the three and six month periods ended April 30, 2001, respectively.
Research and Development Costs. Research and development costs include salaries, research supplies and materials, and expenses related to product development and our compound drug discovery library. Research and development costs decreased by approximately $271,000 and $436,000, or 49% and 39%, during the quarter and six months ended April 30, 2001 compared to the respective periods one year ago. The decreases reflect our transition from product development to production of our nutraceutical astaxanthin product,The AstaFactor™. From inception through April 30, 2001, research and development costs have totaled approximately $7.9 million. We expect to incur significant research and development costs in the future.*
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses consist principally of salaries, fees for professional services, and promotional and marketing expenses related to The AstaFactor™. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $242,000 and $631,000, or 61% and 79%, during the quarter and six months ended April 30, 2001 compared to the respective periods one year ago. The increases were primarily due to personnel additions, investor relations consulting costs, and sales and marketing efforts ofThe AstaFactor™. From inception through April 30, 2001, selling, general and administrative expenses have totaled approximately $8.8 million. We anticipate that selling, general and administrative expenses will increase over time as we expand production capacity, develop more new products, increase our intellectual property protection, and raise additional capital.*
Interest Expense. Interest expense for the quarters ended April 30, 2001 and 2000 included $83,824 and $202,765, respectively, for the discount resulting from the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock underlying the convertible notes issued during those quarters. Interest expense for the six months ended April 30, 2001 and 2000 included $134,171 and $295,412, respectively, for the discount resulting from the difference between the conversion price and the fair value of the common stock underlying the convertible notes issued during those periods.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have financed our operations until now through public and private sales of debt and equity securities. During the quarters ended January 31, and April 30, 2001, we raised approximately $661,000 and $1,581,000, respectively, of net proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock and/or the issuance of debt in private placement transactions. During the quarters ended January 31, and April 30, 2001 we received a total of $270,000 and $30,000 of one-year term loan financing from a bank. From inception through April 30, 2001, we raised total net proceeds of approximately $18 million through public and private sales of equity and debt securities.
During the quarters ended April 30, 2001 and 2000, cash used in operating activities totaled approximately $770,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. During both of the six months ended April 30, 2001 and 2001, cash used in operating activities totaled approximately $1.8 million. From inception through April 30, 2001, cash used in operating activities have totaled approximately $13.3 million.
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Capital expenditures for the quarters ended January 31, and April 30, 2001 totaled approximately $224,000 and $42,000, respectively. From inception through April 30, 2001, capital expenditures have totaled approximately $4.4 million.
As of April 30, 2001, we had approximately $200,000 in cash.
Subsequent to April 30, 2001, we obtained a total of $100,000 of debt financing from individuals.
We estimate a need for approximately $4 million in operating capital over the next twelve months.* We anticipate that projected product sales will begin to pay some operating costs.* In the near term, we believe that product sales and existing capital resources including funds raised through public and/or private offerings of equity and/or debt securities and bank financing will be sufficient for continued operations through the next twelve months.*
We cannot guarantee success in raising the future capital necessary to sustain or expand our operations, nor are we certain that such capital will be available on terms that prevent substantial dilution to existing investors. If we cannot raise sufficient capital, then we might be forced to significantly curtail operations.* Any reduction in operating activity could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and relationships with corporate partners.