Investments | Note 2 Investments The Company has investments in publicly traded equity securities, state and municipal debt securities, real estate investment trusts, and money markets. The investments in debt securities, which include municipal bonds and bond funds, mature between April 2021 and January 2044. The Company uses the average cost method to determine the cost of equity securities sold with any unrealized gains or losses reported in the respective period’s earnings. Unrealized gains and losses on debt securities are excluded from earnings and reported separately as a component of stockholder’s equity. Dividend and interest income are reported as earned. As of October 31, 2020 and April 30, 2020, investments consisted of the following: Gross Gross Investments at Cost Unrealized Unrealized Fair October 31, 2020 Basis Gains Losses Value Municipal bonds $ 5,308,000 $ 163,000 $ (41,000 ) $ 5,430,000 REITs 112,000 — (41,000 ) 71,000 Equity securities 17,326,000 4,946,000 (684,000 ) 21,588,000 Money markets and CDs 577,000 — — 577,000 Total $ 23,323,000 $ 5,109,000 $ (766,000 ) $ 27,666,000 Gross Gross Investments at Cost Unrealized Unrealized Fair April 30, 2020 Basis Gains Losses Value Municipal bonds $ 5,271,000 $ 80,000 $ (89,000 ) $ 5,262,000 Corporate bonds 26,000 — — 26,000 REITs 112,000 — (44,000 ) 68,000 Equity securities 17,119,000 3,446,000 (1,180,000 ) 19,385,000 Money markets and CDs 581,000 — — 581,000 Total $ 23,109,000 $ 3,526,000 $ (1,313,000 ) $ 25,322,000 Marketable securities that are classified as equity securities are carried at fair value on the balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded as an unrealized gain or (loss) in the statements of income in the period of the change. Upon the disposition of a marketable security, the Company records a realized gain or (loss) on the Company’s statements of income. The Company evaluates all marketable securities for other-than-temporary declines in fair value, which are defined as when the cost basis exceeds the fair value for approximately one year. The Company also evaluates the nature of the investment, cause of impairment and number of investments that are in an unrealized position. When an “other-than-temporary” decline is identified, the Company will decrease the cost of the marketable security to the new fair value and recognize a real loss. The investments are periodically evaluated to determine if impairment changes are required. As a result of this standard, management recorded an impairment loss of $52,000 for the quarter, and recorded a loss of $79,000 for the six months ended October 31, 2020. As for the corresponding periods last year, management recorded an impairment loss of $7,000 for the quarter ended October 31, 2019 and an impairment loss of $41,000 was recorded for the six-months ended October 31, 2019. The Company’s investments are actively traded in the stock and bond markets. Therefore, either a realized gain or loss is recorded when a sale happens. For the quarter ended October 31, 2020 the Company had sales of equity securities which yielded gross realized gains of $184,000 and gross realized losses of $110,000. For the same period, sales of debt securities did not yield any gross realized gains, but gross realized losses of $2,000 were recorded. As for the six-months ended October 31, 2020 the Company had sales of equity securities which yielded gross realized gains of $286,000 and gross realized losses of $236,000. For the same six-month period, sales of debt securities did not yield any gross realized gains, but gross realized losses of $6,000 were recorded. During the quarter ending October 31, 2019, the Company recorded gross realized gains and losses on equity securities of $67,000 and $57,000, respectively, while sales of debt securities did not yield any gross realized gains or losses. During the six-months ending October 31, 2019, the Company recorded gross realized gains and losses on equity securities of $220,000 and $161,000, respectively, as well as gross realized gains and losses on debt securities of $3,000 and $3,000, respectively. The gross realized loss numbers include the impaired figures listed in the previous paragraph. The following table shows the investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be “other-than-temporarily impaired”, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at October 31, 2020 and April 30, 2020, respectively. Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type at October 31, 2020 Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Municipal bonds $ 93,000 $ (1,000 ) $ 333,000 $ (40,000 ) $ 426,000 $ (41,000 ) REITs 28,000 (17,000 ) 43,000 (24,000 ) 71,000 (41,000 ) Equity securities 4,218,000 (569,000 ) 1,747,000 (115,000 ) 5,965,000 (684,000 ) Total $ 4,339,000 $ (587,000 ) $ 2,123,000 $ (179,000 ) $ 6,462,000 $ (766,000 ) Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type at April 30, 2020 Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Municipal bonds $ 2,203,000 $ (42,000 ) $ 484,000 $ (47,000 ) $ 2,687,000 $ (89,000 ) REITs 43,000 (30,000 ) 24,000 (14,000 ) 67,000 (44000 ) Equity securities 5,496,000 (866,000 ) 1,651,000 (314,000 ) 7,147,000 (1,180,000 ) Total $ 7,742,000 $ (938,000 ) $ 2,159,000 $ (375,000 ) $ 9,901,000 $ (1,313,000 ) Municipal Bonds The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in municipal bonds were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of these investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Company has the ability to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at October 31, 2020. Marketable Equity Securities and REITs The Company’s investments in marketable equity securities and REITs consist of a wide variety of companies. Investments in these companies include growth, growth income, and foreign investment objectives. The individual holdings have been evaluated, and due to management’s plan to hold on to these investments for an extended period, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at October 31, 2020. |