Loans And The Allowance For Credit Losses | 3. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Loan Portfolio Composition The following table presents selected information on the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Mortgage loans on real estate: (in thousands) Residential mortgages $ 437,416 $ 440,123 Commercial and multi-family 772,061 778,714 Construction-Residential 3,472 3,626 Construction-Commercial 123,878 117,403 Home equities 80,673 82,414 Total real estate loans 1,417,500 1,422,280 Commercial and industrial loans 241,041 250,069 Consumer and other loans 604 572 Unaccreted yield adjustments* ( 569 ) ( 552 ) Total gross loans 1,658,576 1,672,369 Allowance for credit losses ( 21,523 ) ( 19,438 ) Loans, net $ 1,637,053 $ 1,652,931 * Includes net premiums and discounts on acquired loans and net deferred fees and costs on loans originated. The outstanding principal balance and the carrying amount of acquired credit-impaired loans totaled $ 0.8 million and $ 0.7 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no valuation allowances for specifically identified impairment attributable to acquired credit-impaired loans at March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022. The Company is not recording interest on the acquired credit-impaired loans due to the uncertainty of the cash flows relating to such loans. There were $ 607 million and $ 495 million in residential and commercial mortgage loans pledged to FHLBNY to serve as collateral for potential borrowings as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. At March 31, 2023, the Company’s FHLMC loan servicing portfolio had $ 58 million in principal balances of residential real estate loans that were sold to FHLMC and the servicing rights are retained by the Company. No loans were sold to FHLMC by the Company during the three month periods ending March 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company may also sell certain fixed rate residential mortgages to FNMA while maintaining the servicing rights for those mortgages. At March 31, 2023, the Company’s FNMA loan servicing portfolio was $ 57 million in principal balances. In the three month period ended March 31, 2023, the Company sold $ 1.3 million residential mortgages to FNMA. The Company did no t sell any mortgages to FNMA in the three month period ended March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had loan servicing portfolio principal balances of $ 115 million and $ 116 million, respectively, upon which it earned servicing fees. The fair value of the mortgage servicing rights for that portfolio was $ 1.1 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. There were no residential mortgages held for sale at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Credit Quality Indicators The Company monitors the credit risk in its loan portfolio by reviewing certain credit quality indicators (“CQI”). The primary CQI for the commercial mortgage and commercial and industrial portfolios is the individual loan’s credit risk rating. The following list provides a description of the credit risk ratings that are used internally by the Bank when assessing the adequacy of its allowance for loan losses: Acceptable or better Watch Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss “Special mention” and “substandard” loans are weaker credits with a higher risk of loss and are categorized as “criticized” assets. The Company’s consumer loans, including residential mortgages and home equities, are not individually risk rated or reviewed in the Company’s loan review process. Unlike commercial customers, consumer loan customers are not required to provide the Company with updated financial information. Consumer loans also carry smaller balances. Given the lack of updated information after the initial underwriting of the loan and small size of individual loans, the Company uses delinquency status as the primary credit quality indicator for consumer loans. However, once a consumer loan is identified as impaired, it is individually evaluated for impairment. The following tables summarize amortized cost of loans by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades: (in thousands) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year As of March 31, 2023 Three months ended March 31, 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Commercial and industrial loans Risk rating Pass $ 2,555 $ 43,132 $ 24,725 $ 12,475 $ 10,580 $ 10,162 $ 103,071 $ 206,700 Special Mention - 9,062 447 4,503 1,329 1,417 6,903 23,661 Substandard - 71 4,036 152 1,715 1,380 3,338 10,692 Doubtful/Loss - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,555 $ 52,265 $ 29,208 $ 17,130 $ 13,624 $ 12,959 $ 113,312 $ 241,053 Current period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial real estate mortgages Risk rating Pass $ 10,003 $ 201,796 $ 184,437 $ 92,391 $ 70,404 $ 275,966 $ 6,163 $ 841,160 Special Mention - 1,262 410 6,178 10,250 6,987 - 25,087 Substandard - - 5,499 336 7,741 17,241 - 30,817 Doubtful/Loss - - - - - - - - Total $ 10,003 $ 203,058 $ 190,346 $ 98,905 $ 88,395 $ 300,194 $ 6,163 $ 897,064 Current period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer and other Payment performance Performing $ 86 $ 249 $ 37 $ 26 $ 23 $ 40 $ 135 $ 596 Nonperforming - - - - - - - - Total $ 86 $ 249 $ 37 $ 26 $ 23 $ 40 $ 135 $ 596 Current period gross writeoffs $ 15 $ 15 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 30 Residential mortgages Payment performance Performing $ 6,251 $ 74,388 $ 105,951 $ 73,201 $ 18,829 $ 158,100 $ - $ 436,720 Nonperforming - 147 169 57 167 3,331 - 3,871 Total $ 6,251 $ 74,535 $ 106,120 $ 73,258 $ 18,996 $ 161,431 $ - $ 440,591 Current period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Home equities Payment performance Performing $ 2,947 $ 3,342 $ 699 $ 690 $ 709 $ 2,399 $ 68,039 $ 78,825 Nonperforming - - - - - 4 443 447 Total $ 2,947 $ 3,342 $ 699 $ 690 $ 709 $ 2,403 $ 68,482 $ 79,272 Current period gross writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - The amortized cost of criticized assets of $ 93 million included $ 29 million of loans in the Company’s hotel loan portfolio at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Past Due Loans The following tables provide an analysis of the age of the amortized cost of loans that are past due as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2023 (in thousands) Current Non-accruing Total Balance 30-59 days 60-89 days 90+ days Loans Balance Commercial and industrial $ 236,523 $ 2,010 $ - $ - $ 2,520 $ 241,053 Residential real estate: Residential 428,354 4,663 233 - 3,871 437,121 Construction 3,305 165 - - - 3,470 Commercial real estate: Commercial 758,478 599 6,628 565 6,561 772,831 Construction 108,061 5,958 - 1,648 8,566 124,233 Home equities 78,189 595 41 - 447 79,272 Consumer and other 592 4 - - - 596 Total Loans $ 1,613,502 $ 13,994 $ 6,902 $ 2,213 $ 21,965 $ 1,658,576 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Current Non-accruing Total Balance 30-59 days 60-89 days 90+ days Loans Balance Commercial and industrial $ 246,412 $ 235 $ 684 $ 139 $ 2,625 $ 250,095 Residential real estate: Residential 434,393 1,105 - 472 3,738 439,708 Construction 3,502 - - - - 3,502 Commercial real estate: Commercial 771,871 1,083 - 75 6,648 779,677 Construction 107,369 - - 1,648 8,765 117,782 Home equities 79,320 759 206 100 563 80,948 Consumer and other 652 3 1 1 - 657 Total Loans $ 1,643,519 $ 3,185 $ 891 $ 2,435 $ 22,339 $ 1,672,369 Allowance for credit losses Effective January 1, 2023 the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments which requires an allowance for credit losses be deducted from the amortized cost basis of financial assets to present the net carrying value at the amount that is expected to be collected over the contractual term of the asset. In determining the allowance for credit losses, accruing loans with similar risk characteristics are generally evaluated collectively. The Company utilizes discounted cash flow models considering relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount to project principal balances over the remaining contractual lives of the loan portfolios and to determine estimated credit losses through a reasonable and supportable forecast period. The models have been statistically developed based on historical correlations of credit losses with prevailing economic metrics, including unemployment and gross domestic product. The Company utilizes a reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year. Subsequent to this forecast period the Company reverts, on a straight-line basis over a one-year period, to historical loss experience to inform its estimate of losses for the remaining contractual life of each portfolio. Model forecasts may be adjusted for inherent limitations or biases that have been identified through independent validation and back-testing of model performance to actual realized results. The Company also considered the impact of qualitative factors, including portfolio concentrations, changes in underwriting practices, imprecision in its economic forecasts, geopolitical conditions and other risk factors that might influence its loss estimation process. The Company also estimates losses attributable to specific troubled credits identified through both normal and targeted credit review processes and includes all loans on nonaccrual status. The amounts of specific losses are determined through a loan-by-loan analysis. Such loss estimates are typically based on expected future cash flows, collateral values and other factors that may impact the borrower’s ability to pay. To the extent that those loans are collateral-dependent, they are evaluated based on recent estimations of the fair value of the loan’s collateral. In those cases where current appraisals may not yet be available, prior appraisals are utilized with adjustments, as deemed necessary, for estimates of subsequent declines in values as determined by line of business and/or loan workout personnel. Those adjustments are reviewed and assessed for reasonableness by the Company’s credit risk personnel. Accordingly, for real estate collateral securing larger nonaccrual commercial loans and commercial real estate loans, estimated collateral values are based on current appraisals and estimates of value. For non-real estate loans, collateral is assigned a discounted estimated liquidation value and, depending on the nature of the collateral, is verified through field exams or other procedures. In assessing collateral, real estate and non-real estate values are reduced by an estimate of selling costs. Charge-offs are based on recent indications of value from external parties that are generally obtained shortly after a loan becomes nonaccrual. Loans to consumers that file for bankruptcy are generally charged-off to estimated net collateral value shortly after the Company is notified of such filings. When evaluating individual home equity loans and lines of credit for charge off and for purposes of estimating losses in determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company gives consideration to the required repayment of any first lien positions related to collateral property. Prior to 2023, the allowance for credit losses represented the amount that in management’s judgment reflected incurred credit losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio as of the balance sheet date. A description of the methodologies used by the Company to estimate its allowance for credit losses prior to January 1, 2023 is included in note 4 of Notes to Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses according to portfolio segment for the three month period ended March 31, 2023. Three months ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Mortgages* Consumer and Other Residential Mortgages* Home Equities Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 4,980 $ 11,595 $ 153 $ 2,102 $ 608 $ 19,438 Adoption of new accounting standard 324 1,145 ( 147 ) 1,618 ( 205 ) 2,735 Beginning balance after cumulative effect adjustment $ 5,304 $ 12,740 $ 6 $ 3,720 $ 403 $ 22,173 Charge-offs - - ( 30 ) - - ( 30 ) Recoveries 30 - 4 - - 34 Provision ( 67 ) ( 186 ) 24 ( 342 ) ( 83 ) ( 654 ) Ending balance $ 5,267 $ 12,554 $ 4 $ 3,378 $ 320 $ 21,523 *Includes construction loans Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2023, the Company calculated the allowance for loan losses using the incurred loss methodology. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three month period ended March 31, 2022. Three months ended March 31, 2022 (in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Mortgages* Consumer and Other Residential Mortgages* Home Equities Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 3,309 $ 12,367 $ 54 $ 2,127 $ 581 $ 18,438 Charge-offs ( 24 ) - ( 40 ) - - ( 64 ) Recoveries 17 - 6 - - 23 Provision 386 ( 88 ) 24 ( 10 ) ( 91 ) 221 Ending balance $ 3,688 $ 12,279 $ 44 $ 2,117 $ 490 $ 18,618 * Includes construction loans The following tables present the allowance for credit losses and recorded investment on loans by segment as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Three months ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Mortgages* Consumer and Other Residential Mortgages* Home Equities Total Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance: Individually evaluated for impairment - 212 - 35 29 276 Collectively evaluated for impairment 5,267 12,342 4 3,343 291 21,247 Total $ 5,267 $ 12,554 $ 4 $ 3,378 $ 320 $ 21,523 Loans: Ending balance: Individually evaluated for impairment 2,582 17,869 - 4,244 826 25,521 Collectively evaluated for impairment 238,459 878,070 604 436,644 79,847 1,633,624 Total $ 241,041 $ 895,939 $ 604 $ 440,888 $ 80,673 $ 1,659,145 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Mortgages* Consumer and Other Residential Mortgages* Home Equities Total Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance: Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Individually evaluated for impairment - 251 - 28 77 356 Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,980 11,344 153 2,074 531 19,082 Total $ 4,980 $ 11,595 $ 153 $ 2,102 $ 608 $ 19,438 Loans: Ending balance: Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality $ - $ - $ - $ 687 $ - $ 687 Individually evaluated for impairment 2,697 18,144 - 4,020 949 25,810 Collectively evaluated for impairment 247,372 877,973 572 439,042 81,465 1,646,424 Total $ 250,069 $ 896,117 $ 572 $ 443,749 $ 82,414 $ 1,672,921 The Company’s reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures was not material at March 31, 2023 and upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, F inancial Instruments – Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . Nonaccrual Loans The following tables provide amortized costs, at the class level, for nonaccrual loans as of the dates indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 January 1, 2023 March 31, 2023 Amortized Cost with Allowance Amortized Cost without Allowance Total Amortized Cost Interest Income Recognized (in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ - $ 2,520 $ 2,520 $ 2,625 $ - Residential real estate: Residential 151 3,720 3,871 3,738 8 Construction - - - - - Commercial real estate: Commercial - 6,561 6,561 6,648 - Construction 1,301 7,265 8,566 8,765 - Home equities 29 418 447 563 - Consumer and other - - - - - Total nonaccrual loans $ 1,481 $ 20,484 $ 21,965 $ 22,339 $ 8 Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 January 1, 2022 March 31, 2022 Amortized Cost with Allowance Amortized Cost without Allowance Total Amortized Cost Interest Income Recognized (in thousands) Commercial and industrial $ 93 $ 4,619 $ 4,712 $ 4,919 $ 2 Residential real estate: Residential 303 3,114 3,417 3,020 4 Construction - - - - - Commercial real estate: Commercial 171 6,010 6,181 5,758 70 Construction 1,536 836 2,372 2,942 - Home equities 108 529 637 755 5 Consumer and other - - - - - Total nonaccrual loans $ 2,211 $ 15,108 $ 17,319 $ 17,394 $ 81 Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (“ASU 2022-02”) effective January 1, 2023. The amendments in ASU 2022-02 eliminated the recognition and measure of troubled debt restructurings and enhanced disclosures for loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The table below details the amortized cost of gross loans held for investment made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the three months ended March 31, 2023: (in thousands) Term Extension Total Class of Receivable Commercial and industrial $ - - % Residential real estate: Residential 104 0 Construction - - Commercial real estate: Commercial - - Construction - - Home equities - - Consumer and other - - - Total nonaccrual loans $ 104 0 % The financial impacts of residential mortgage loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were maturity extensions ranging from 159 months to 164 months. The Company has no t committed to lend any additional amounts to the borrowers included in the previous table. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the first quarter of 2023 that subsequently defaulted. Payment default is defined as movement to nonperforming status, foreclosure or charge-off, whichever occurs first. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The payment status of all loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties during the first quarter of 2023 was current as of March 31, 2023. Troubled debt restructurings Information on loan modifications prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023 is presented in accordance with the applicable accounting standards in effect at that time. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company modified only one loan that was determined to be a troubled debt restructuring, a Home Equity loan with an outstanding balance of $ 38 thousand that included extension of maturity and interest rate reduction concessions. |