Allowance for Loans Losses | Note 5 – Allowance for Loans Losses A summary of changes in the allowance for loans losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019 is as follows: September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Allowance, beginning of period $ 4,572 $ 3,580 Charge-Offs Commercial and industrial $ — $ (43 ) Real estate, mortgage — (4 ) Consumer and other loans (787 ) (914 ) Total charge-offs (787 ) (961 ) Recoveries Commercial and industrial $ 34 $ — Real estate, mortgage — 6 Consumer and other loans 229 205 Total recoveries 263 211 Net charge-offs (524 ) (750 ) Provision for loan losses 8,075 1,742 Allowance, end of period $ 12,123 $ 4,572 Note 5 – Allowance for Loans Losses, continued (in thousands) Individually Evaluated for Impairment Collectively Evaluated for Impairment Total September 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial $ 490 $ 444,228 $ 444,718 Real Estate – construction, commercial — 49,884 49,884 Real Estate – construction, residential — 19,001 19,001 Real Estate – mortgage, commercial 335 272,443 272,778 Real Estate – mortgage, residential 624 210,055 210,679 Real Estate – mortgage, farmland — 4,176 4,176 Consumer installment loans — 45,144 45,144 Gross loans 1,449 1,044,931 1,046,380 Less: Unearned income — (7,200 ) (7,200 ) Total $ 1,449 $ 1,037,731 $ 1,039,180 (in thousands) Individually Evaluated for Impairment Collectively Evaluated for Impairment Total December 31, 2019 Commercial and industrial $ 280 $ 77,448 $ 77,728 Real Estate – construction, commercial — 38,039 38,039 Real Estate – construction, residential — 26,778 26,778 Real Estate – mortgage, commercial 733 251,091 251,824 Real Estate – mortgage residential 395 208,099 208,494 Real Estate – mortgage, farmland — 5,507 5,507 Consumer installment loans — 39,202 39,202 Gross loans 1,408 646,164 647,572 Less: Unearned income — (738 ) (738 ) Total $ 1,408 $ 645,426 $ 646,834 The following table presents information related to impaired loans, by portfolio segment, at the dates presented. September 30, 2020 (in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no specific allowance recorded: Real estate – mortgage, residential $ 624 $ 624 $ — $ 696 $ 28 With an allowance recorded: Commercial and industrial 490 490 70 375 1 Real estate – mortgage, commercial 335 335 97 337 7 $ 1,449 $ 1,449 $ 167 $ 1,408 $ 36 Note 5 – Allowance for Loans Losses, continued December 31, 2019 (in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized With no specific allowance recorded: Real estate – mortgage, residential $ 395 $ 395 $ — $ 527 $ 7 With an allowance recorded: Commercial and industrial 280 280 143 286 2 Real estate – mortgage, commercial 733 733 98 734 5 $ 1,408 $ 1,408 $ 241 $ 1,547 $ 14 Purchased loans from the 2016 River Bancorp, Inc. acquisition had remaining balances (in thousands) of $13,787 and 19,686 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Of these balances, three loan relationships were considered specifically impaired purchased credit-impaired loans. One of these relationships was resolved during 2018 and the Company recovered $200 of the balance previously written-off. During the first quarter of 2019, another loan relationship was resolved and the Company recovered $200 of the balance previously written-off. At September 30, 2020, the remaining specifically impaired purchased-credit impaired loans totaled $2,159 with a specific impairment of $190. The following table presents the recorded investment in the segments of the River Bancorp, Inc. purchased loans as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (in thousands): September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Real Estate Construction loans and all land development and other land loans $ 900 $ 1,397 Revolving, open-end loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties and extended under lines of credit 2,584 2,709 Secured by first liens 5,743 6,971 Secured by junior liens 380 394 Secured by multifamily (five or more) residential properties 55 63 Loans secured by owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties 3,406 4,459 Loans secured by other nonfarm nonresidential properties — 2,322 Commercial and Industrial 644 1,272 Other Other revolving credit plans 19 26 Automobile loans 7 10 Other consumer loans 49 63 Total $ 13,787 $ 19,686 Note 5 – Allowance for Loans Losses, continued The following table presents the Company’s loan portfolio by internal loan grade (in thousands) as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: September 30, 2020 Grade 1 Prime Grade 2 Desirable Grade 3 Good Grade 4 Acceptable Grade 5 Pass/Watch Grade 6 Special Mention Grade 7 Substandard Total Commercial and industrial $ 362,661 $ 1,317 $ 27,454 $ 44,134 $ 7,394 $ 993 $ 765 $ 444,718 Real Estate – construction, commercial — 2,250 25,833 20,709 157 — 935 49,884 Real Estate – construction, residential — — 4,282 8,999 5,720 — — 19,001 Real Estate – mortgage, commercial — 3,273 128,673 126,106 7,355 4,918 2,453 272,778 Real Estate – mortgage residential — 3,366 103,548 95,987 5,945 154 1,679 210,679 Real Estate – mortgage, farmland 589 105 1,302 2,180 — — — 4,176 Consumer installment loans 285 36 17,332 26,638 194 4 655 45,144 Gross loans 363,535 10,347 308,424 324,753 26,765 6,069 6,487 1,046,380 Less: Unearned income (7,200 ) Total $ 1,039,180 December 31, 2019 Grade 1 Prime Grade 2 Desirable Grade 3 Good Grade 4 Acceptable Grade 5 Pass/Watch Grade 6 Special Mention Grade 7 Substandard Total Commercial and industrial $ 1,509 $ 1,042 $ 35,180 $ 37,458 $ 568 $ 1,488 $ 483 $ 77,728 Real Estate – construction, commercial — 1,454 24,667 10,850 102 — 966 38,039 Real Estate – construction, residential — 139 9,355 14,331 2,953 — — 26,778 Real Estate – mortgage, commercial — 4,971 118,488 114,598 9,273 1,935 2,559 251,824 Real Estate – mortgage residential — 4,611 100,665 98,116 3,470 130 1,502 208,494 Real Estate – mortgage, farmland 1,467 134 1,736 2,170 — — — 5,507 Consumer installment loans 293 72 17,872 20,067 116 — 782 39,202 Gross loans 3,269 12,423 307,963 297,590 16,482 3,553 6,292 647,572 Less: Unearned income (738 ) Total $ 646,834 The Company also utilizes the grades 8 (Doubtful) and 9 (Loss). There were no loans classified in these categories at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, collateral adequacy, credit documentation, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis typically includes larger, non-homogeneous loans such as commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loans. This analysis is performed on an ongoing basis as new information is obtained. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Risk Grade 1 – Prime Loans: This grade is reserved for only the strongest of loans. These loans are to individuals or corporations that are well known to the bank and are always secured with an almost guaranteed source of repayment such as a lien on a bank certificate of deposit or savings account. Character, credit history, and ability of individuals or company principals are excellent and unquestioned. Source of income and industry of borrower appears stable. High liquidity, minimum risk, good ratios and low handling cost. Risk Grade 2 – Desirable Loans: This grade is reserved for new loans that are within guidelines and where the borrowers have documented significant overall financial strength. A liquid financial statement is generally a financial statement with substantial liquid assets, particularly relative to the debts. These loans have excellent sources of repayment, with no significant identifiable risk of collection, and conform in all respects to policy, guidelines, underwriting standards, and federal and state regulations (no exceptions of any kind). Note 5 – Allowance for Loans Losses, continued Risk Grade 3 – Good Loans: This grade is reserved for loans which exhibit satisfactory credit risk. These loans have adequate sources of repayment, with little identifiable risk of collection. Generally, loans assigned this risk grade will demonstrate the following characteristics: (1) conformity in all respects with policy, guidelines, underwriting standards, and federal and state regulations (no exceptions of any kind), (2) documented historical cash flow that meets or exceeds required minimum Blue Ridge Bank guidelines, or that can be supplemented with verifiable cash flow from other sources, and (3) adequate secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidity, liquidation of collateral, or liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor. Risk Grade 4 – Acceptable Loans : This grade is given to satisfactory loans containing more risk than Risk Grade 3 loans. These loans have adequate sources of repayment, with little identifiable risk of collection. Loans assigned this risk grade will demonstrate the following characteristics: (1) general conformity to Blue Ridge Bank's underwriting requirements, with limited exceptions to policy, product or underwriting guidelines. All exceptions noted have documented mitigating factors that offset any additional risk associated with the exceptions noted, (2) documented historical cash flow that meets or exceeds required minimum guidelines, or that can be supplemented with verifiable cash flow from other sources, and (3) adequate secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidity, liquidation of collateral, or liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor. Risk Grade 5 – Pass/Watch Loans: This grade is for satisfactory loans containing acceptable but elevated risk. These loans are characterized by borrowers who have a marginal cash flow, marginal profitability, or have experienced an unprofitable year and declining financial condition. The borrower has in the past satisfactorily handled debts with the bank, but in recent months has either been late, delinquent in making payments, or made sporadic payments. While the bank continues to be adequately secured, margins have decreased or are decreasing, despite the borrower’s continued satisfactory condition. These loans require more diligent monitoring due to characteristics such as: (1) additional exceptions to Blue Ridge Bank's policy requirements, product guidelines or underwriting standards that present a higher degree of risk, (2) unproved, insufficient or marginal primary sources of repayment that appear sufficient to service the debt at this time, and (3) marginal or unproven secondary sources to liquidate the debt, including combinations of liquidation of collateral and liquidation value to the net worth of the borrower or guarantor. Risk Grade 6 – Special Mention: This grade is for loans classified as Special Mention. They have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution's credit position at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Special mention credits typically exhibit underwriting guideline tolerances and/or exceptions with no mitigating factors, or emerging weaknesses that may or may not be cured as time passes. Risk Grade 7 – Substandard: A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as substandard must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt; they are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loans consistently not meeting the repayment schedule should be downgraded to substandard. Loans in this category are characterized by deterioration in quality exhibited by any number of well-defined weaknesses requiring corrective action. The weaknesses may include, but are not limited to: (1) high debt to worth ratios, (2) declining or negative earnings trends, (3) declining or inadequate liquidity, (4) improper loan structure, (5) questionable repayment sources, (6) lack of well-defined secondary repayment source, and (7) unfavorable competitive comparisons. Such loans are no longer considered to be adequately protected due to the borrower's declining net worth, lack of earnings capacity, declining collateral margins and/or unperfected collateral positions. A possibility of loss of a portion of the loan balance cannot be ruled out. The repayment ability of the borrower is marginal or weak and the loan may have exhibited excessive overdue status or extensions and/or renewals. Risk Grade 8 – Doubtful: Loans classified Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified Substandard, plus the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. However, these loans are not yet rated as loss because certain events may occur which would salvage the debt. Among these events are: (1) injection of capital, (2) alternative financing, (3) liquidation of assets or the pledging of additional collateral, and (4) the ability of the borrower to service the debt is extremely weak, overdue status is constant, the debt has been placed on non-accrual status, and no definite repayment schedule exists. Doubtful is a temporary grade where a loss is expected but is presently not quantified with any degree of accuracy. Once the loss position is determined, the amount is charged off. Risk Grade 9 – Loss: Loans classified Loss are considered uncollectable and of such little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this worthless loan even though partial recovery may be effected in the future. Probable Loss portions of Doubtful assets should be charged against the reserve for loan losses. Loans may reside in this classification for administrative purposes for a period not to exceed the earlier of thirty (30) days or calendar quarter-end. |