indenture to be entered into in connection with the issuance of any Shelf Securities have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trustee and the Company, when
| (i) | the specific terms of a particular issuance of Shelf Securities have been duly authorized and established in accordance with the Indenture; |
| (ii) | the Shelf Securities have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the Indenture; and |
| (iii) | such Shelf Securities have been delivered to the initial purchasers thereof against payment therefor; |
such Shelf Securities will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, concepts of reasonableness and equitable principles of general applicability (including without limitation, concepts of good faith, fair dealing and the lack of bad faith); provided that we express no opinion as to (i) the effect of fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law on the conclusions expressed above, and (ii) the validity, legally binding effect or enforceability of any provision that permits holders to collect any portion of the stated principal amount upon acceleration of Shelf Securities to the extent determined to constitute unearned interest.
In connection with the opinion expressed above, we have assumed that at or prior to the time of the delivery of any such Shelf Securities, (1) the Board of Directors of the Company shall have duly established the terms of such Shelf Securities, and duly authorized the issuance and sale of such Shelf Securities, and such authorization shall not have been modified or rescinded; (2) the Company is, and shall remain, validly existing as a company under the laws of Scotland; (3) the Trustee is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation; (4) the Registration Statement shall have become effective and such effectiveness shall not have been terminated or rescinded; (5) the Indenture is a valid, binding and enforceable agreement of the Trustee; and (6) no change in law affecting the validity or enforceability of the Indenture or the Shelf Securities has occurred. We have also assumed that the execution, delivery and performance by the Company and the Trustee of the Indenture and the execution, delivery, and performance by the Company of the Shelf Securities (a) are within the corporate powers of the Company and the Trustee, (b) do not contravene, or constitute a default under, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other constitutive documents of the Company or the Trustee, (c) do not require any action by or in respect of, or filing with, any governmental body, agency or official, and (d) do not contravene, or constitute a default under, any provision of applicable law or regulation or any judgment, injunction, order or decree or any agreement or other instrument binding upon the Company or the Trustee.
We express no opinion as to (i) provisions in the Indenture that purport to waive objections to venue, claims that a particular jurisdiction is an inconvenient forum or the like, (ii) whether a United States federal court would have subject-matter or personal jurisdiction over a controversy arising under the Notes or (iii) the effectiveness of any service of process made other than in accordance with applicable law.