STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY | Note 11. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) Amendments to Certificate of Incorporation On July 7, 2015, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to effectuate a one-for-five reverse stock split to its Common Stock. On February 1, 2016, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to increase its authorized Common Stock to 5,000,000,000, and change the par value to $0.0001. On March 4, 2016, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to effectuate a one-for-seventy reverse stock split to its Common Stock. On June 1, 2016, the Company filed an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to effectuate a one-for-twenty thousand reverse stock split to its Common Stock. On August 4, 2016, the Company filed an amendment to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of shares of the authorized common stock from 5,000,000,000 to 750,000,000,000. Each share entitles the holder to one vote. All warrant, convertible preferred stock, option, common stock shares and per share information included in these consolidated financial statements gives retroactive effect to the aforementioned reverse splits of the Company’s common stock. Equity Plans On July 7, 2015, the stockholders approved the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”), which is a broad-based plan and awards granted may be restricted stock, restricted stock units, options and stock appreciation rights. On November 21, 2016, the 2015 Plan was amended to increase the number of shares of common stock available for grants to 100,000,000,000. The 2015 Plan had 94,998,999,996 shares of common stock available for grant as of December 31, 2016. The Company’s 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”) was duly adopted by the stockholders on November 24, 2009. The 2009 Plan provides for the granting of incentive stock options to employees, the granting of non-qualified stock options to employees, non-employee directors and consultants, and the granting of restricted stock to employees, non-employee directors and consultants in connection with their retention and/or continued employment by the Company. Options issued under the 2009 Plan generally have a ten-year term and generally become exercisable over a four-year period. Shares subject to awards that expire unexercised or are forfeited or terminated will again become available for issuance under the 2009 Plan. No participant in the 2009 Plan can receive option grants and/or restricted shares for more than 20% of the total shares subject to the 2009 Plan. The 2009 Plan had no shares of common stock available for grant as of December 31, 2016. Preferred Stock The Company’s amended and restated articles of incorporation authorizes the Company’s Board of Directors to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, having a $0.001 par value, in one or more series without stockholder approval. Each such series of preferred stock may have such number of shares, designations, preferences, voting powers, qualifications, and special or relative rights or privileges as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. See below for details associated with the designation of the 1,000,000 shares of the Series A preferred stock. Series A Unit Public Offering On July 29, 2015, the Company closed a public offering of Units for gross proceeds of approximately $41.4 million and net proceeds of approximately $38.7 million. On January 25, 2016, the Units automatically separated into an aggregate of 0.672 shares of Series A.Preferred Stock, which were convertible in to an aggregate of 27 shares of common stock, and five-year Series A Warrants, exercisable into 54 shares of common stock. Except in the event of a “cashless exercise” as described below, each Series A Warrant is exercisable into one share of common stock at an exercise price of $1,736,000 per share and expires on July 23, 2020. See the Warrants section of this footnote for details related to 2016 warrant activity. The Series A Preferred Stock (a) ranks equal to the common stock on an as converted basis with regard to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation; (b) automatically converts into common stock upon the consummation of a Fundamental Transaction, as defined; (c) has no voting rights, except related to the amendment of the terms of the Series A preferred stock; and (d) has conversion limits whereby the holder may not beneficially own in excess of 4.99% of the common stock. Through December 31, 2016, 0.630 shares of Series A Preferred Stock were converted and the Company issued 26 shares of common stock to settle these conversions, leaving 0.042 shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding. The Series A warrants were originally determined to be derivative liabilities because there is a potential cash settlement provision which isn’t under the Company’s control (see Note 12). Utilizing a Monte Carlo valuation method, the issuance date value of the Series A warrant liabilities was calculated to be $79.4 million. Since the value of the Series A warrant liabilities exceeded the gross proceeds from the public offering, the Company recorded a $38.1 million deemed dividend on the preferred stock. Each Series A warrant may be exercised on a cashless basis for the Black Scholes value defined in the warrant agreement. The number of shares of common stock that the Company will issue in connection with the exercise of the Series A warrants is primarily based on the closing bid price of the common stock two days prior to the date of the exercise. If (a) all of the warrants were exercised simultaneously when the Company’s common stock traded below a certain price per share, or (b) the Company does not continue to meet certain Equity Conditions (as defined), the Company may not have sufficient authorized common stock and could be required to use cash to pay warrant holders. In connection with the closing of this offering, the Company incurred $4,779,003 of issuance costs, including cash underwriting fees of $2,722,687, other cash costs of approximately $503,898, and the issuance date value of $1,552,418 (utilizing the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model) of the underwriter’s five-year Series A unit purchase option, which gives the underwriter the option to purchase 0.034 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, which were convertible into 1 share of common stock, plus Series A Warrants, which would be currently exercisable into an aggregate of approximately 40,813,223,000 shares of common stock. The shares issuable upon the exercise of the Series A Warrants are calculated (1) using a Black Scholes Value of $1,519,297 per share and a closing stock bid price of $0.0001 per share and (2) assuming the Company delivers only common stock upon exercise of the Series A Warrants and not cash payments as permitted under the terms of the Series A Warrants. All of the issuance costs were allocated to the Series A warrant liabilities because no carrying value was attributed to the Series A preferred stock and, as a result, the issuance costs were expensed immediately. In connection with the closing of this offering, on August 3, 2015, the Company paid Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (“Chardan”) $500,000 in satisfaction of an agreement between Chardan and the Company pursuant to which Chardan waived certain rights to participate in the public offering that were granted to Chardan under its previous agreements with the Company. The $500,000 cost was recorded in other expenses on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. Common Stock Issuance of Common Stock On February 3, 2014, the Company entered into a consulting agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”) with Knight Global Services, LLC (“Knight Global”) pursuant to which the Company retained Knight Global to assist the Company with increasing awareness of its electronic cigarette brands as well as assisting the Company to expand and diversify its relationships with large retailers and national chains. Knight Global is a wholly owned subsidiary of Knight Global, LLC of which Ryan Kavanaugh is an investor and principal. Effective March 5, 2014, the Board of Directors of the Company elected Mr. Kavanaugh as a member of the Board of Directors in accordance with the Consulting Agreement. Knight Global serves as the family office for Mr. Kavanaugh. Under the terms of the Consulting Agreement, the Company issued to Mr. Kavanaugh 0.057 shares of its common stock, of which 0.007 shares vested immediately while the remaining 0.050 shares vest in installments of 0.007 shares per quarterly period beginning on the 90th day following February 3, 2014 and each ensuing quarterly period thereafter so long as the Consulting Agreement has not been terminated and during each quarterly period Knight Global has presented the Company with a minimum of six (6) bona fide opportunities for activities specified in the Consulting Agreement that are intended to increase awareness of the Company’s electronic cigarettes. In addition, during the term of the Consulting Agreement, which is 2 years, and during an 18-month post-termination period, the Company has agreed to pay Knight Global commissions payable in cash equal to 6% of “net sales” (as defined in the Consulting Agreement) of its products to retailers introduced by Knight Global and to retailers with which the Company has existing relationships and with which Knight Global is able, based on its verifiable efforts, to increase net sales of the Company’s products. The grant date fair value of the common shares issued on February 3, 2014 was $3,080,000 based on closing price per share of the Company’s common stock, as reported on the OTC Bulletin Board, on February 3, 2014. On January 24, 2015, the Company and Knight Global mutually agreed to terminate the Consulting Agreement as it was in the best interests of both parties to do so. As a result of such termination, the Company cancelled 0.021 shares that were not vested that had been previously issued to Mr. Kavanaugh. In addition, on January 24, 2015, the Company received notice from Ryan Kavanaugh, a director of the Company that he had resigned from the Company’s board of directors, effective immediately. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recognized Knight Global stock-based compensation of $1,602,933, which was included in selling, general and administrative expense. Private Placement of Common Stock In connection with the Merger, on March 3, 2015, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors providing for the sale 0.490 shares of the Company’s common stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,500,960. The Company also issued five-year Warrants to purchasers of the shares to acquire an aggregate of 0.392 shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price of $8,960,000 per share. The Warrants were deemed to be derivative liabilities due to a potential cash settlement provision which is not in the Company’s control and as a result, the issuance date fair value of $2,494,639 was recorded as a derivative liability. The shares and Warrants were issued and sold through an exempt private security offering to certain accredited investors. The Company incurred aggregate offering costs of $559,000 in connection with the private placement, of which $350,000 was paid to Palladium Capital Advisors, the Company’s placement agent. The initial Form S-3 was filed on April 17, 2015 and was declared effective by the SEC on June 5, 2015, thus meeting the requirements of the Purchase Agreement. Shares Issued in Connection with Waiver Agreements On June 19, 2015, the Company entered into agreements (the “Waivers”), with certain investors in each of its private placement offerings under the Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 3, 2015 (the “2015 Agreement”) and the Securities Purchase Agreement dated November 14, 2014 (the “2014 Agreement,” and with the 2015 Agreement, the “Agreements”). Under the terms of the Waivers, the signatories thereto (the “Prior Investors”) agreed to amend the Agreements and waive or modify certain terms thereunder, including certain restrictions on the completion of subsequent securities offerings by the Company. In exchange, the Company agreed to issue the Prior Investors a total of 0.463 shares of common stock (including 0.101 shares issued to the lead investor under each of the Agreements in its capacity as lead investor) and 0.426 five-year warrants exercisable at $3,535,000 per share. The grant date fair value of the common stock and warrants issued with the Waivers was $1,328,196 and $1,086,354, respectively, and was recorded in other expenses on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. The warrants issued in connection with the Waivers were determined to be derivative instruments because (a) their exercise prices may be lowered if the Company issues securities at a lower price in the future; and (b) there is a potential cash settlement provision which is not in the Company’s control (see Note 12). The aggregate fair value of the warrants was $1,086,354 and was recorded as a derivative liability on the consolidated balance sheet on the date the warrants were issued. The Waivers also resulted in the equity warrants issued pursuant to the 2014 Agreement having their exercise priced adjusted from $14,000,000 to $1,540,000 per share. The Company recognized a 2015 charge of $36,432 for the incremental value of the modified warrants as compared to the original warrants. In the event that, prior to November 14, 2015, the Company issued shares of common stock, or securities convertible into common stock, at an effective price per share of less than $3,780,000, the Prior Investors were entitled to the issuance of additional shares (the “Additional Shares”), the exact amount of which depended on the effective price per share of such subsequent issuance. The Company could not issue any Additional Shares of common stock requiring stockholder approval under the Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market without receipt of such approval. Subsequently the Company issued shares of common stock in connection with a registered public offering on July 29, 2015. This effectively triggered the need to issue Additional Shares that were calculated by the Company as 1.855 common shares. Pursuant to the Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Company needed to seek stockholder approval before issuing 1.285 of these shares and such approval was obtained on October 16, 2015. The Company recognized a 2015 charge of $1,297,081 in connection with the issuance of the Additional Shares. Warrants Through December 31, 2016, Series A Warrants to purchase 4 shares of common stock have been exercised through the cashless exercise provision in the Series A Warrants, resulting in the issuance of 15,619,771,347 shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, Series A Warrants to purchase 8 shares of common stock were repurchased, which could have resulted in the issuance of approximately 116,704,766,499 shares of the Company’s common stock if such Series A Warrants had not been repurchased as of the date of this report. As of December 31, 2016, Series A Warrants to purchase 42 shares of common stock remained outstanding, they have a remaining weighted average term of 3.6 years and they currently have the potential to result in the issuance of approximately 634,754,364,551 shares of common stock. The shares issuable upon the exercise of the Series A Warrants are calculated (1) using a Black Scholes Value of $1,519,297 per share and a closing stock bid price of $0.0001 per share and (2) assuming the Company delivers only common stock upon exercise of the Series A Warrants and not cash payments as permitted under the terms of the Series A Warrants. See Note 16 – Subsequent Events for details related to the January 2017 repurchase of Series A Warrants via a tender offer. Holders (the “Holders”) of approximately 90% of the Series A Warrants are subject to the Amended and Restated Standstill Agreements (the “Standstill Agreements). These Standstill Agreements permit the Holders to effect a “cashless” exercise of the Series A Warrants only on dates when the closing bid price used to determine the “net number” of shares to be issued upon exercise is at or above $0.0001 per share. Pursuant to the terms of the Standstill Agreements, the Holders agreed in certain circumstance to receive only common stock (and not cash) pursuant to such cashless exercise pursuant to Section 1(d) of their Series A Warrants. Those circumstances include if the Company is deemed not to meet the “Equity Conditions” of the Series A Warrants because of the failure of the Company common stock to be listed or quoted on an eligible national securities exchange. A summary of warrant activity for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is presented below: Weighted Weighted Average Average Aggregate Number of Exercise Remaining Intrinsic Warrants Price Term (Yrs) Value Outstanding at January 1, 2015 - $ 14,083,400 Warrants granted 54 1,803,600 Warrants exercised - - Warrants assumed in Merger - 36,711,600 Warrants forfeited or expired - - Outstanding at December 31, 2015 54 $ 1,736,000 Warrants granted - - Warrants exercised (5 ) 1,736,000 Warrants repurchased (7 ) 1,736,000 Warrants forfeited or expired - - Outstanding at December 31, 2016 42 $ 1,736,000 3.6 $ - Exercisable at December 31, 2016 42 $ 1,736,000 3.6 $ - See Note 12 – Fair Value Measurements for additional details related to the Series A Warrants that were exchanged Compensatory Common Stock Summary During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to compensatory Common Stock in the amount of $75,000 and $582,000, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included as part of selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. A summary of compensatory common stock activity for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is presented below: Weighted Average Issuance Date Total Number Fair Value Issuance Date of Shares per share Fair Value Non-vested, January 1, 2015 0.0 $ 53,900,000 $ 1,540,000 Granted 0.3 7,336,843 2,439,736 Vested (0.3 ) 8,385,754 (2,668,736 ) Forfeited (0.0 ) 47,240,000 (1,181,000 ) Non-vested, December 31, 2015 - $ 7,280,000 $ 130,000 Granted - - - Vested (0.0 ) 7,280,000 (130,000 ) Forfeited - - - Non-vested, December 31, 2016 - $ - $ - Stock Options During December 2016, the Company granted options for the purchase of 5,001,000,004 shares of its common stock to employees, at an aggregate grant date value of $500,100 or $0.0001 per option share. The fair value of employee stock options was estimated using the following Black-Scholes assumptions: For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 Expected term (years) 5 - 6 years n/a Risk free interest rate 1.98% - 2.03% n/a Dividend yield 0% n/a Volatility 428.10% n/a A summary of option activity during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: Weighted Weighted Average Average Number of Exercise Remaining Intrinsic Options Price Term (Yrs) Value Outstanding, January 1, 2015 0.192 $ 5,101,040 Options granted - Options replaced in merger 0.003 $ 7,860,000 Options exercised - Options forfeited or expired (0.167 ) $ 4,618,600 Outstanding, December 31, 2015 0.028 $ 5,101,040 Options granted 5,001,000,004.000 0.0001 Options replaced in merger - Options exercised - Options forfeited or expired (0.017 ) 11,625,400 Outstanding, December 31, 2016 5,001,000,004.011 $ 0.0001 10.0 $ - Exercisable at December 31, 2016 0.011 $ 20,505,301 4.80 $ - The following table presents additional information related to options as of December 31, 2016: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Weighted Weighted Weighted Range of Average Outstanding Average Average Exercisable Exercise Exercise Number of Exercise Remaining Life Number of Price Price Options Price In Years Options $0.0001 $ 0.0001 5,001,000,004.000 $ - - - $ 7,000,000-$13,999,800 $ 8,380,200 0.006 $ 8,380,200 5.6 0.006 $14,000,000 $ 14,000,000 0.002 $ 14,000,000 2.5 0.002 $ 30,449,800-$67,410,000 $ 45,000,600 0.003 $ 45,000,600 4.4 0.003 5,001,000,004.011 4.8 0.011 During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $13,636 and $288, respectively, in connection with the amortization of stock options, net of recovery of stock-based charges for forfeited stock options. Stock-based compensation expense is included as part of selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. There were no options granted during the year ended December 31, 2015. The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2016 was $0.0001 per share. At December 31, 2016, the amount of unamortized stock-based compensation expense on unvested stock options granted to employees, directors and consultants was $486,464 which will be amortized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years. Income (Loss) per Share Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon (a) the exercise of stock options (using the treasury stock method); (b) the conversion of Series A convertible preferred stock; (c) the exercise of warrants (using the if-converted method); (d) the vesting of restricted stock units; and (e) the conversion of convertible notes payable. Diluted income (loss) per share excludes the potential common shares, as their effect is antidilutive. The following table summarizes the Company’s securities that have been excluded from the calculation of basic and dilutive income (loss) per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive: December 31, 2016 2015 Stock options - 0 Series A convertible preferred stock - 27 Warrants - 55 Total - 82 Shares used in calculating basic and diluted net income (loss) per share are as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 Basic 4,102,959,032 6 Effect of exercise stock options 5,000,999,976 - Effect of exercise warrants 631,552,260,513 - Diluted 640,656,219,521 6 Significant dilution may occur upon the exercise of the warrants or on the cashless exercise feature described and quantified in Note 11, Warrants section. On February 1, 2017, pursuant to the 2015 Plan, the Company issued a total of 77,000,000,000 options to purchase common stock to certain officers and directors. Twenty-five percent of the options vested upon issuance and the remainder vest equally at the end of the next three calendar quarters. |