LOANS | 4. LOANS The following table sets forth the major classifications of loans: (In thousands) December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate mortgage loans: Owner occupied $ 557,076 $ 531,088 Non-owner occupied 1,081,443 1,034,599 Multi-family mortgage loans 899,730 812,174 Residential real estate mortgage loans 434,689 493,144 Commercial, industrial and agricultural loans 1,527,147 679,444 Real estate construction and land loans 82,479 97,311 Installment/consumer loans 23,019 24,836 Total loans 4,605,583 3,672,596 Net deferred loan (fees) costs (8,180) 7,689 Total loans held for investment 4,597,403 3,680,285 Allowance for credit losses (44,200) (32,786) Loans, net $ 4,553,203 $ 3,647,499 Included in commercial, industrial and agricultural loans at December 31, 2020 was $844.7 million of Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans. These loans are expected to be fully guaranteed by the SBA and have a nominal allowance for credit losses allocated to them based on the nature of the guarantee. The shift from net deferred loan costs at December 31, 2019 to net deferred loan fees at December 31, 2020 was the result of the net deferred loan fees associated with the PPP loans. Accrued interest receivable on loans totaling $15.1 million at December 31, 2020 and $8.7 million at December 31, 2019 was included in accrued interest receivable in the consolidated balance sheet and excluded from the table above. The increase in accrued interest receivable from December 31, 2019 relates primarily to accrued interest on PPP loans. Loans held for sale, which are not included in the table above, totaled $52.8 million at December 31, 2020 and $12.6 million at December 31, 2019. In December 2020, the Company made a decision to dispose of its $43.0 million leveraged lending portfolio which was previously included in commercial, industrial and agricultural loans. As of December 31, 2020, the leveraged lending portfolio was reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale and written down by $234 thousand to the estimated fair value of the loans in this portfolio of $42.8 million through a valuation allowance which was charged against non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, one commercial real estate (“CRE”) mortgage loan totaling $10.0 million and $12.6 million, respectively, was classified as held for sale. The loan was reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale and written down from $16.3 million to the loan’s estimated fair value of $12.6 million as of June 30, 2019, through a $3.7 million charge-off during the 2019 second quarter. During the 2020 second quarter, an additional write-down was recognized for the decrease in the estimated fair value of the loan by $2.6 million to $10.0 million through a valuation allowance which was charged against non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income. Lending Risk The principal business of the Bank is lending in CRE mortgage loans, multi-family mortgage loans, residential real estate mortgage loans, construction loans, home equity loans, commercial, industrial and agricultural loans, land loans and consumer loans. The Bank considers its primary lending area to be Nassau and Suffolk Counties located on Long Island and the New York City boroughs. A substantial portion of the Bank’s loans is secured by real estate in these areas. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of the loan portfolio is susceptible to changes in market and economic conditions in this region. Commercial Real Estate Mortgages Loans in this classification include income producing investment properties and owner-occupied real estate used for business purposes. The underlying properties are located largely in the Bank’s primary market area. The cash flows of the income producing investment properties are adversely impacted by a downturn in the economy as evidenced by increased vacancy rates, which in turn, will have an effect on credit quality. Generally, management seeks to obtain annual financial information for borrowers with loans in excess of $1.0 million in this category. In the case of owner-occupied real estate used for business purposes, a weakened economy and resultant decreased consumer and/or business spending will have an adverse effect on credit quality. Multi-Family Mortgages Loans in this classification include income producing residential investment properties of five or more families. Loans are made to established owners with a proven and demonstrable record of strong performance. Loans are secured by a first mortgage lien on the subject property with a loan to value ratio generally not exceeding 75%. Repayment is derived generally from the rental income generated from the property and may be supplemented by the owners’ personal cash flow. Credit risk arises with an increase in vacancy rates, property mismanagement and the predominance of non-recourse loans that are customary in the industry. Residential Real Estate Mortgages and Home Equity Loans Loans in these classifications are generally secured by owner-occupied residential real estate and repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, can have an effect on the credit quality in this loan class. The Bank generally does not originate loans with a loan-to-value ratio greater than 80% and does not grant subprime loans. Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural Loans Loans in this classification are made to businesses and include term loans, lines of credit, senior secured loans to corporations, equipment financing and taxi medallion loans. Generally, these loans are secured by assets of the business and repayment is expected from the cash flows of the business. A weakened economy, and resultant decreased consumer and/or business spending, will have an effect on the credit quality in this loan class. Real Estate Construction and Land Loans Loans in this classification primarily include land loans to local individuals, contractors and developers for developing the land for sale or for the purpose of making improvements thereon. Repayment is derived primarily from sale of the lots/units including any pre-sold units. Credit risk is affected by market conditions, time to sell at an adequate price and cost overruns. To a lesser extent, this class includes commercial development projects that the Company finances, which in most cases require interest only during construction, and then convert to permanent financing. Construction delays, cost overruns, market conditions and the availability of permanent financing, to the extent such permanent financing is not being provided by the Bank, all affect the credit risk in this loan class. Installment and Consumer Loans Loans in this classification may be either secured or unsecured. Repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower and, if applicable, sale of the collateral securing the loan, such as automobiles. Therefore, the overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, will have an effect on the credit quality in this loan class. Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories of pass, watch, special mention, substandard and doubtful based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt including repayment patterns, past loss experience, current economic conditions, and various types of concentrations of credit. Assigned risk rating grades are continuously updated as new information is obtained. Loans risk rated special mention, substandard and doubtful are reviewed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk rating grades: Pass: Watch: Special mention: Substandard: Doubtful: The following tables represent loans categorized by internally assigned risk grades as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. In the December 31, 2020 table, the years noted represent the year of origination for non-revolving loans. December 31, 2020 (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 and Prior Revolving Revolving-Term Total Commercial real estate owner occupied: Pass $ 92,053 $ 96,679 $ 47,224 $ 66,320 $ 25,852 $ 153,766 $ — $ — $ 481,894 Watch 727 1,373 8,038 10,737 3,425 23,919 — — 48,219 Special mention 1,843 — 3,875 10,857 823 4,600 — — 21,998 Substandard 469 553 — — 2,426 1,517 — — 4,965 Total commercial real estate owner occupied 95,092 98,605 59,137 87,914 32,526 183,802 — — 557,076 Commercial real estate non-owner occupied: Pass 181,811 249,782 108,086 180,235 54,252 214,620 — — 988,786 Watch 7,314 7,700 12,845 12,117 12,209 24,089 — — 76,274 Special mention — — — — — 290 — — 290 Substandard — — — 9,006 6,038 1,049 — — 16,093 Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied 189,125 257,482 120,931 201,358 72,499 240,048 — — 1,081,443 Multi-family: Pass 159,301 293,752 40,840 86,169 118,846 106,044 — — 804,952 Watch 15,436 2,724 — 19,331 35,976 12,825 — — 86,292 Special mention — — — 8,098 — 388 — — 8,486 Substandard — — — — — — — — — Total multi-family 174,737 296,476 40,840 113,598 154,822 119,257 — — 899,730 Residential real estate: Pass 20,033 32,564 71,903 95,712 23,589 106,518 53,217 7,012 410,548 Watch — — 406 321 541 1,740 — 1,145 4,153 Special mention — 1,103 758 — — 6,879 818 633 10,191 Substandard — 466 569 937 — 6,967 — 858 9,797 Total residential real estate 20,033 34,133 73,636 96,970 24,130 122,104 54,035 9,648 434,689 Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Pass 949,257 62,410 30,736 17,646 12,685 26,606 304,781 5,086 1,409,207 Watch 8,062 6,140 8,265 1,574 1,188 3,048 40,448 1,527 70,252 Special mention 2,914 838 572 1,507 545 1,323 18,984 2,073 28,756 Substandard — 905 1,233 3,514 470 9,660 200 2,950 18,932 Total commercial, industrial and agricultural 960,233 70,293 40,806 24,241 14,888 40,637 364,413 11,636 1,527,147 Real estate construction and land loans: Pass 37,684 20,948 8,229 11,308 — 1,701 — — 79,870 Watch — — — 1,150 — 270 — — 1,420 Special mention — — 1,078 — — — — — 1,078 Substandard — — — — — 111 — — 111 Total real estate construction and land loans 37,684 20,948 9,307 12,458 — 2,082 — — 82,479 Installment/consumer loans Pass 1,656 215 166 93 — 710 17,382 1,257 21,479 Watch — — — — — — 496 40 536 Special mention — — — — — — — 46 46 Substandard — — — — — — 50 908 958 Total installment/consumer loans 1,656 215 166 93 — 710 17,928 2,251 23,019 Total Loans $ 1,478,560 $ 778,152 $ 344,823 $ 536,632 $ 298,865 $ 708,640 $ 436,376 $ 23,535 $ 4,605,583 December 31, 2019 (In thousands) Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 511,444 $ 18,426 $ 1,218 $ — $ 531,088 Non-owner occupied 1,022,208 — 12,391 — 1,034,599 Multi-family 811,770 404 — — 812,174 Residential real estate 475,949 12,400 4,795 — 493,144 Commercial, industrial and agricultural 643,413 15,670 20,361 — 679,444 Real estate construction and land loans 95,530 — 1,781 — 97,311 Installment/consumer loans 23,976 103 757 — 24,836 Total loans $ 3,584,290 $ 47,003 $ 41,303 $ — $ 3,672,596 Past Due and Non-accrual Loans The following tables represent the aging of past due loans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: December 31, 2020 90+ Days Non-accrual 30-59 60-89 Past Due Including 90 Total Past Days Days And Days or More Due and (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Accruing Past Due Non-accrual Current Total Loans Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ — $ — $ — $ 636 $ 636 $ 556,440 $ 557,076 Non-owner occupied — — — 6,771 6,771 1,074,672 1,081,443 Multi-family — — — — — 899,730 899,730 Residential real estate 3,567 949 — 2,897 7,413 427,276 434,689 Commercial, industrial and agricultural 2,711 4,072 — 1,597 8,380 1,518,767 1,527,147 Real estate construction and land loans 210 — — 111 321 82,158 82,479 Installment/consumer loans 100 4 — 150 254 22,765 23,019 Total loans $ 6,588 $ 5,025 $ — $ 12,162 $ 23,775 $ 4,581,808 $ 4,605,583 In the absence of other intervening factors, loans granted payment deferrals related to COVID-19 are not reported as past due or placed on non-accrual status provided the borrowers have met the criteria in the CARES Act or otherwise have met the criteria included in an interagency statement issued by bank regulatory agencies. During the year ended December 31, 2020, there was $93 thousand in interest earned on non-accrual loans and $406 thousand in accrued interest on non-accrual loans was reversed through interest income. December 31, 2019 90+ Days Non-accrual 30-59 60-89 Past Due Including 90 Total Past Days Days And Days or More Due and (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Accruing Past Due Non-accrual Current Total Loans Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 917 $ 433 $ — $ 225 $ 1,575 $ 529,513 $ 531,088 Non-owner occupied 98 — — 512 610 1,033,989 1,034,599 Multi-family — — — — — 812,174 812,174 Residential real estate 3,053 747 343 2,743 6,886 486,258 493,144 Commercial, industrial and agricultural 273 721 — 736 1,730 677,714 679,444 Real estate construction and land loans — — — 123 123 97,188 97,311 Installment/consumer loans 124 — — 30 154 24,682 24,836 Total loans $ 4,465 $ 1,901 $ 343 $ 4,369 $ 11,078 $ 3,661,518 $ 3,672,596 There was no other real estate owned at December 31, 2020 and 2019. Troubled Debt Restructurings The terms of certain loans were modified and are considered TDRs. The modification of the terms of such loans generally includes one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan; an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk; or a permanent reduction of the recorded investment in the loan. The modification of these loans involved loans to borrowers who were experiencing financial difficulties. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed to determine if that borrower is currently in payment default under any of its obligations or whether there is a probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. The following table presents loans modified as troubled debt restructurings during the years indicated: Modifications During the Year Ended December 31, 2020 2019 2018 Pre- Post- Pre- Post- Pre- Post- Modification Modification Modification Modification Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Number of Recorded Recorded Number of Recorded Recorded (Dollars in thousands) Loans Investment Investment Loans Investment Investment Loans Investment Investment Commercial real estate: Owner occupied — $ — $ — 3 $ 8,582 $ 8,582 — $ — $ — Non-owner occupied — — — — — — 1 926 926 Residential real estate — — — 1 338 338 1 644 644 Commercial, industrial and agricultural 3 1,138 1,138 15 12,828 12,828 10 7,649 7,649 Installment/consumer loans — — — — — — — — — Total 3 $ 1,138 $ 1,138 19 $ 21,748 $ 21,748 12 $ 9,219 $ 9,219 There were $1.7 million, $0.1 million and $0.4 million of charge-offs related to TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2020 there was one loan modified as a TDR for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification. There were two loans modified as TDRs during 2019 and one loan modified as a TDR during 2018 for which there was a payment default within twelve months following the modification. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had $346 thousand and $405 thousand, respectively, of non-accrual TDRs and $22.2 million and $26.3 million, respectively, of performing TDRs. The decrease in performing TDRs is primarily due to one TDR relationship which became non-accrual during the 2020 second quarter and totaled $2.7 million at June 30, 2020. In the 2020 third quarter, a settlement agreement was entered into resulting in $1.4 million in payments and a charge-off totaling $1.3 million. At December 31, 2020, three non-accrual TDRs totaling $130 thousand were unsecured and one non-accrual TDR totaling $216 thousand was secured and at December 31, 2019, the non-accrual TDRs were unsecured. The Bank has no commitment to lend additional funds to these debtors. The terms of certain other loans were modified during the year ended December 31, 2020 that did not meet the definition of a TDR. These loans have a total recorded investment at December 31, 2020 of $191.1 million. These loans were to borrowers who were not experiencing financial difficulties. In connection with the COVID-19 relief provided by the CARES Act and interagency guidance issued in March 2020, the Company is hese deferrals are not considered TDRs based on the CARES Act and/or the interagency guidance. Collateral Dependent Loans At December 31, 2020, the Company had collateral dependent loans which were individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses. Collateral dependent commercial, industrial and agricultural loans totaled $9.6 million and had a related allowance for credit losses totaling $6.7 million. The loans were secured by taxi medallions. Collateral dependent commercial real estate loans totaled $10.8 million and had no related allowance for credit losses. Impaired Loans (prior to the adoption of the CECL Standard) At December 31, 2019 the Company had individually impaired loans as defined by FASB ASC 310, “Receivables” of $27.0 million. For a loan to be considered impaired, management determines after review whether it is probable that the Bank will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Management applies its normal loan review procedures in making these judgments. Impaired loans include individually classified non- accrual loans and TDRs. At December 31, 2019 impaired loans included $1.1 million in other impaired performing loans related to borrowers with other performing TDRs. For impaired loans, the Bank evaluates the impairment of the loan in accordance with FASB ASC 310-10-35-22. Impairment is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. For loans that are collateral dependent, the fair value of the collateral is used to determine the fair value of the loan. The fair value of the collateral is determined based on recent appraised values. The fair value of the collateral or present value of expected cash flows is compared to the carrying value to determine if any write-down or specific loan loss allowance allocation is required. The following tables set forth the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and related allowance for individually impaired loans at December 31, 2019 and 2018. The tables also set forth the average recorded investment of individually impaired loans and interest income recognized while the loans were impaired during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018: December 31, 2019 Year Ended December 31, 2019 Unpaid Related Average Interest Recorded Principal Allocated Recorded Income (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 3,379 $ 3,401 $ — $ 1,286 $ 41 Non-owner occupied 2,296 2,296 — 2,149 99 Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity 294 300 — 74 — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 494 494 — 287 18 Unsecured 8,863 8,863 — 6,601 411 Total with no related allowance recorded 15,326 15,354 — 10,397 569 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied — — — — — Non-owner occupied — — — — — Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity — — — — — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 9,612 9,612 3,435 6,189 223 Unsecured 2,045 2,051 1,241 1,838 86 Total with an allowance recorded 11,657 11,663 4,676 8,027 309 Total: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied 3,379 3,401 — 1,286 41 Non-owner occupied 2,296 2,296 — 2,149 99 Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity 294 300 — 74 — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 10,106 10,106 3,435 6,476 241 Unsecured 10,908 10,914 1,241 8,439 497 Total $ 26,983 $ 27,017 $ 4,676 $ 18,424 $ 878 December 31, 2018 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Unpaid Related Average Interest Recorded Principal Allocated Recorded Income (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied $ 268 $ 278 $ — $ 177 $ — Non-owner occupied 2,816 2,816 — 1,583 88 Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity — — — — — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 8,234 8,234 — 5,644 196 Unsecured 5,316 5,316 — 5,127 284 Total with no related allowance recorded 16,634 16,644 — 12,531 568 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied — — — — — Non-owner occupied — — — — — Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity — — — — — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 2,721 2,721 189 2,757 91 Unsecured — — — — — Total with an allowance recorded 2,721 2,721 189 2,757 91 Total: Commercial real estate: Owner occupied 268 278 — 177 — Non-owner occupied 2,816 2,816 — 1,583 88 Residential real estate: Residential mortgages — — — — — Home equity — — — — — Commercial, industrial and agricultural: Secured 10,955 10,955 189 8,401 287 Unsecured 5,316 5,316 — 5,127 284 Total $ 19,355 $ 19,365 $ 189 $ 15,288 $ 659 The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and loan origination fees, net due to immateriality. For purposes of this disclosure, the unpaid principal balance is not reduced for partial charge-offs. Related Party Loans Certain directors, executive officers, and their related parties, including their immediate families and companies in which they are principal owners, were loan customers of the Bank during 2020 and 2019. The following table sets forth selected information about related party loans for the year ended December 31, 2020: Year Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 Balance at beginning of period $ 12,349 New loans 724 Repayments (1,575) Balance at end of period $ 11,498 The following tables represent the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018: Year Ended December 31, 2020 Residential Commercial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Industrial and Construction Installment/ Real Estate Multi-family Mortgage Agricultural and Land Consumer (In thousands) Mortgage Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance, prior to adoption of CECL $ 12,150 $ 4,829 $ 1,882 $ 12,583 $ 1,066 $ 276 $ 32,786 Impact of adopting CECL (7,712) (3,589) 2,182 8,699 1,274 771 1,625 Charge-offs (1) — — (2,004) — (7) (2,012) Recoveries — — 3 298 — — 301 Provision (credit) for credit losses 4,097 496 (1,005) 7,787 (165) 290 11,500 Ending balance $ 8,534 $ 1,736 $ 3,062 $ 27,363 $ 2,175 $ 1,330 $ 44,200 Year Ended December 31, 2019 Residential Commercial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Industrial and Construction Installment/ Real Estate Multi-family Mortgage Agricultural and Land Consumer (In thousands) Mortgage Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 10,792 $ 2,566 $ 3,935 $ 12,722 $ 1,297 $ 106 $ 31,418 Charge-offs (3,670) — — (799) — (13) (4,482) Recoveries 1 — 112 25 — 12 150 Provision (credit) for credit losses 5,027 2,263 (2,165) 635 (231) 171 5,700 Ending balance $ 12,150 $ 4,829 $ 1,882 $ 12,583 $ 1,066 $ 276 $ 32,786 Year Ended December 31, 2018 Residential Commercial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Industrial and Construction Installment/ Real Estate Multi-family Mortgage Agricultural and Land Consumer (In thousands) Mortgage Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 11,048 $ 4,521 $ 2,438 $ 12,838 $ 740 $ 122 $ 31,707 Charge-offs — — (24) (2,806) — (11) (2,841) Recoveries — — 3 747 — 2 752 (Credit) provision for credit losses (256) (1,955) 1,518 1,943 557 (7) 1,800 Ending balance $ 10,792 $ 2,566 $ 3,935 $ 12,722 $ 1,297 $ 106 $ 31,418 The increase in allowance for credit losses in the first half of 2020 was primarily related to the reasonable and supportable forecast component of the newly adopted CECL Standard which includes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a profound impact on economic activity. While there have been some signs of economic improvement during the latter half of 2020, significant uncertainty remains. Management still believes that the economic recovery will continue during 2021 and 2022, however, based on the aforementioned uncertainty and negative impact the virus has had to date, the decision was made to maintain the current risk level for the reasonable and supportable forecast component of the allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2020. The following table represents the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans, as defined under FASB ASC 310-10 (prior to adoption of the CECL Standard), and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2019: December 31, 2019 Residential Commercial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Industrial and Construction Installment/ Real Estate Multi-family Mortgage Agricultural and Land Consumer (In thousands) Mortgage Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Loans Total Allowance for loan losses: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ 4,676 $ — $ — $ 4,676 Collectively evaluated for impairment 12,150 4,829 1,882 7,907 1,066 276 28,110 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — — — — — — Total allowance for loan losses $ 12,150 $ 4,829 $ 1,882 $ 12,583 $ 1,066 $ 276 $ 32,786 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 5,675 $ — $ 294 $ 21,014 $ — $ — $ 26,983 Collectively evaluated for impairment 1,560,012 812,174 492,507 658,430 97,311 24,836 3,645,270 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — 343 — — — 343 Total loans $ 1,565,687 $ 812,174 $ 493,144 $ 679,444 $ 97,311 $ 24,836 $ 3,672,596 The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and loan origination fees, net due to immateriality. |