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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
| |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008 |
| |
OR |
| |
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
Commission File Number 0-18832
First Financial Service Corporation
(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Kentucky | | 61-1168311 |
(State or other jurisdiction | | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
of incorporation or organization) | | |
2323 Ring Road
Elizabethtown, Kentucky 42701
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(270) 765-2131
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “accelerated filer”, “large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer o | Accelerated Filer x | Non-Accelerated Filer o | Smaller Reporting Company o |
| | (Do not check if a smaller | |
| | reporting company) | |
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class | | Outstanding as of October 31, 2008 |
| | |
Common Stock | | 4,668,030 shares |
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PRELIMINARY NOTE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements in this report that are not statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. First Financial Service Corporation (the “Corporation”) may make forward-looking statements in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by or with the approval of the Corporation. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (1) projections of revenues, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, capital structure and other financial items; (2) plans and objectives of the Corporation or its management or Board of Directors; (3) statements regarding future events, actions or economic performance; and (4) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “estimate,” “strategy,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “targeted,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.
Various risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by our forward-looking statements. In addition to those risks described under “Item 1A Risk Factors,” of this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following factors could cause such differences: changes in general economic conditions and economic conditions in Kentucky and the markets we serve, any of which may affect, among other things, our level of non-performing assets, charge-offs, and provision for loan loss expense; changes in interest rates that may reduce interest margins and impact funding sources; changes in market rates and prices which may adversely impact the value of financial products including securities, loans and deposits; changes in tax laws, rules and regulations; various monetary and fiscal policies and regulations, including those determined by the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Kentucky Office of Financial Institutions (“KOFI”); competition with other local and regional commercial banks, savings banks, credit unions and other non-bank financial institutions; our ability to grow core businesses; our ability to develop and introduce new banking-related products, services and enhancements and gain market acceptance of such products; and management’s ability to manage these and other risks.
Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statement to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
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Item 1. | | FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION |
| | Consolidated Balance Sheets |
| | (Unaudited) |
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands, except share data) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
ASSETS: | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | | $ | 27,079 | | $ | 14,948 | |
Federal funds sold | | 4,600 | | — | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | 31,679 | | 14,948 | |
| | | | | |
Securities available-for-sale | | 17,119 | | 22,004 | |
Securities held-to-maturity, fair value of $7,583 (Sept 2008) and $17,624 (Dec 2007) | | 7,658 | | 17,681 | |
Total securities | | 24,777 | | 39,685 | |
| | | | | |
Loans held for sale | | 2,191 | | 780 | |
Loans, net of unearned fees | | 870,294 | | 767,256 | |
Allowance for loan losses | | (10,508 | ) | (7,922 | ) |
Net loans | | 861,977 | | 760,114 | |
| | | | | |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | | 8,515 | | 7,621 | |
Cash surrender value of life insurance | | 8,561 | | 8,290 | |
Premises and equipment, net | | 30,246 | | 26,335 | |
Real estate owned: | | | | | |
Acquired through foreclosure | | 5,649 | | 1,749 | |
Held for development | | 45 | | 45 | |
Other repossessed assets | | 91 | | 52 | |
Goodwill | | 12,166 | | 8,384 | |
Core deposit intangible | | 1,851 | | — | |
Accrued interest receivable | | 4,169 | | 4,324 | |
Other assets | | 1,549 | | 1,144 | |
| | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | $ | 991,275 | | $ | 872,691 | |
| | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | |
LIABILITIES: | | | | | |
Deposits: | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing | | $ | 63,051 | | $ | 46,978 | |
Interest bearing | | 713,870 | | 642,265 | |
Total deposits | | 776,921 | | 689,243 | |
| | | | | |
Short-term borrowings | | 65,300 | | 42,800 | |
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | | 52,981 | | 53,083 | |
Subordinated debentures | | 18,000 | | 10,000 | |
Accrued interest payable | | 458 | | 1,093 | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | | 2,036 | | 1,789 | |
Deferred income taxes | | 1,123 | | 1,223 | |
| | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES | | 916,819 | | 799,231 | |
Commitments and contingent liabilities | | — | | — | |
| | | | | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | | | | | |
Serial preferred stock, 5,000,000 shares authorized and unissued | | — | | — | |
Common stock, $1 par value per share; authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 4,668,030 shares (Sept 2008), and 4,661,083 shares (Dec 2007) | | 4,668 | | 4,661 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | 34,115 | | 33,886 | |
Retained earnings | | 37,539 | | 35,225 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | (1,866 | ) | (312 | ) |
| | | | | |
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | 74,456 | | 73,460 | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | $ | 991,275 | | $ | 872,691 | |
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION |
Consolidated Statements of Income |
(Unaudited) |
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Interest and Dividend Income: | | | | | | | | | |
Loans, including fees | | $ | 14,337 | | $ | 14,760 | | $ | 41,718 | | $ | 43,065 | |
Taxable securities | | 403 | | 490 | | 1,095 | | 1,638 | |
Tax exempt securities | | 90 | | 102 | | 297 | | 317 | |
Total interest income | | 14,830 | | 15,352 | | 43,110 | | 45,020 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Interest Expense: | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | 5,325 | | 6,695 | | 15,815 | | 19,082 | |
Short-term borrowings | | 156 | | 465 | | 661 | | 1,452 | |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | | 610 | | 345 | | 1,808 | | 1,022 | |
Subordinated debentures | | 315 | | 167 | | 649 | | 549 | |
Total interest expense | | 6,406 | | 7,672 | | 18,933 | | 22,105 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | 8,424 | | 7,680 | | 24,177 | | 22,915 | |
Provision for loan losses | | 1,720 | | 740 | | 2,819 | | 948 | |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | | 6,704 | | 6,940 | | 21,358 | | 21,967 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest Income: | | | | | | | | | |
Customer service fees on deposit accounts | | 1,817 | | 1,511 | | 4,865 | | 4,274 | |
Gain on sale of mortgage loans | | 179 | | 144 | | 566 | | 435 | |
Gain on sale of investments | | 52 | | — | | 52 | | — | |
Gain on sale of real estate held for development | | — | | — | | — | | 227 | |
Losses on securities transactions | | — | | — | | (216 | ) | — | |
Write down on real estate acquired through foreclosure | | (151 | ) | — | | (160 | ) | — | |
Brokerage commissions | | 109 | | 106 | | 352 | | 308 | |
Other income | | 361 | | 444 | | 1,001 | | 945 | |
Total non-interest income | | 2,367 | | 2,205 | | 6,460 | | 6,189 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest Expense: | | | | | | | | | |
Employee compensation and benefits | | 3,867 | | 3,136 | | 10,765 | | 9,365 | |
Office occupancy expense and equipment | | 779 | | 604 | | 2,112 | | 1,766 | |
Marketing and advertising | | 215 | | 228 | | 638 | | 677 | |
Outside services and data processing | | 882 | | 638 | | 2,365 | | 1,974 | |
Bank franchise tax | | 258 | | 234 | | 761 | | 699 | |
Write off of issuance cost of Trust Preferred Securities | | — | | — | | — | | 229 | |
Amortization of core deposit intangible | | 56 | | — | | 59 | | — | |
Other expense | | 1,580 | | 1,166 | | 3,791 | | 3,112 | |
Total non-interest expense | | 7,637 | | 6,006 | | 20,491 | | 17,822 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | 1,434 | | 3,139 | | 7,327 | | 10,334 | |
Income taxes | | 443 | | 1,008 | | 2,354 | | 3,343 | |
Net Income | | $ | 991 | | $ | 2,131 | | $ | 4,973 | | $ | 6,991 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shares applicable to basic income per share | | 4,667,081 | | 4,681,582 | | 4,665,058 | | 4,739,352 | |
Basic income per share | | $ | 0.21 | | $ | 0.46 | | $ | 1.07 | | $ | 1.48 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shares applicable to diluted income per share | | 4,683,978 | | 4,731,496 | | 4,689,458 | | 4,792,560 | |
Diluted income per share | | $ | 0.21 | | $ | 0.45 | | $ | 1.06 | | $ | 1.46 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash dividends declared per share | | $ | 0.190 | | $ | 0.190 | | $ | 0.570 | | $ | 0.536 | |
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/Loss
(Unaudited)
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net Income | | $ | 991 | | $ | 2,131 | | $ | 4,973 | | $ | 6,991 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | |
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale | | (2,131 | ) | 364 | | (2,518 | ) | (196 | ) |
Reclassification of realized amount | | (52 | ) | — | | 164 | | — | |
Net unrealized gain (loss) recognized in comprehensive income | | (2,183 | ) | 364 | | (2,354 | ) | (196 | ) |
Tax effect | | 742 | | (124 | ) | 800 | | 66 | |
Total other comphrehensive income (loss) | | (1,441 | ) | 240 | | (1,554 | ) | (130 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | $ | (450 | ) | $ | 2,371 | | $ | 3,419 | | $ | 6,861 | |
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008
(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | Common Stock | | Additional Paid-in | | Retained | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss), Net of | | | |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Capital | | Earnings | | Tax | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance, January 1, 2008 | | 4,661 | | $ | 4,661 | | $ | 33,886 | | $ | 35,225 | | $ | (312 | ) | $ | 73,460 | |
Net income | | | | | | | | 4,973 | | | | 4,973 | |
Stock issued for employee benefit plans | | 7 | | 7 | | 137 | | | | | | 144 | |
Stock-based compensation expense | | | | | | 92 | | | | | | 92 | |
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax | | | | | | | | | | (1,554 | ) | (1,554 | ) |
Cash dividends declared ($.57 per share) | | — | | — | | — | | (2,659 | ) | — | | (2,659 | ) |
Balance, September 30, 2008 | | 4,668 | | $ | 4,668 | | $ | 34,115 | | $ | 37,539 | | $ | (1,866 | ) | $ | 74,456 | |
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
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FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars In Thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
Operating Activities: | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 4,973 | | $ | 6,991 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | |
Provision for loan losses | | 2,819 | | 948 | |
Depreciation on premises and equipment | | 1,178 | | 1,076 | |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends | | (309 | ) | — | |
Core deposit intangible amortization | | 59 | | — | |
Net amortization (accretion) available-for-sale | | (3 | ) | (1 | ) |
Net amortization (accretion) held-to-maturity | | 18 | | 16 | |
Impairment loss on securities | | 216 | | — | |
Gain on sale of investments available-for-sale | | (52 | ) | — | |
Gain on sale of real estate held for development | | — | | (227 | ) |
Gain on sale of mortgage loans | | (566 | ) | (435 | ) |
Origination of loans held for sale | | (47,277 | ) | (25,778 | ) |
Proceeds on sale of loans held for sale | | 46,432 | | 25,479 | |
Stock-based compensation expense | | 92 | | 76 | |
Changes in: | | | | | |
Cash surrender value of life insurance | | (271 | ) | (249 | ) |
Interest receivable | | 155 | | (170 | ) |
Other assets | | (17 | ) | (5 | ) |
Interest payable | | (763 | ) | 767 | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | | (589 | ) | 255 | |
Net cash from operating activities | | 6,095 | | 8,743 | |
| | | | | |
Investing Activities: | | | | | |
Cash paid for acquisition of Farmers State Bank, net of cash acquired | | (1,466 | ) | — | |
Sales of securities available-for-sale | | 679 | | — | |
Purchases of securities available-for-sale | | (524 | ) | (395 | ) |
Maturities of securities available-for-sale | | 2,208 | | 5,663 | |
Maturities of securities held-to-maturity | | 12,517 | | 3,747 | |
Net change in loans | | (58,518 | ) | (64,083 | ) |
Net purchases of premises and equipment | | (4,070 | ) | (4,010 | ) |
Sales of real estate for development | | — | | 473 | |
Net cash from investing activities | | (49,174 | ) | (58,605 | ) |
| | | | | |
Financing Activities | | | | | |
Net change in deposits | | 31,927 | | 55,567 | |
Change in short-term borrowings | | 22,500 | | (300 | ) |
Repayments to Federal Home Loan Bank | | (102 | ) | (106 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debentures | | 8,000 | | 10,000 | |
Payoff of subordinated debentures | | — | | (10,000 | ) |
Issuance of common stock for employee benefit plans | | 144 | | 175 | |
Dividends paid | | (2,659 | ) | (2,535 | ) |
Common stock repurchased | | — | | (4,366 | ) |
Net cash from financing activities | | 59,810 | | 48,435 | |
| | | | | |
(Decrease) Increase in cash and cash equivalents | | 16,731 | | (1,427 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | 14,948 | | 19,082 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 31,679 | | $ | 17,655 | |
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
See Note 7 regarding non-cash transactions included in the acquisition.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation – The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Financial Service Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, First Federal Savings Bank. First Federal Savings Bank has two wholly owned subsidiaries, First Service Corporation of Elizabethtown and First Federal Office Park, LLC. Unless the text clearly suggests otherwise, references to “us,” “we,” or “our” include First Financial Service Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may occur for the year ending December 31, 2008. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Corporation’s annual report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2007.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards – We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”) on January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. More specifically, this statement clarifies the definition of fair value, establishes a fair valuation hierarchy based upon observable (e.g. quoted prices, interest rates, yield curves) and unobservable market inputs, and expands disclosure requirements to include the inputs used to develop estimates of fair value and the effects of the estimates on income for the period. This statement does not require any new fair value measurements. For further information, see Note 6.
In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157. This FSP delays the effective date of FAS 157 for all nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” This statement allows companies to record certain financial assets and financial liabilities at full fair value if they so choose. The statement was issued to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by an accounting model utilizing multiple measurement attributes. The adoption of the fair value option is recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings, which would be January 1, 2008. Upon adoption, the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the items chosen is removed from the balance sheet and included in the cumulative-effect adjustment. Subsequent changes in fair value are recorded through the income statement. We did not elect the fair value option for any financial assets or financial liabilities as of January 1, 2008 or subsequently.
In September 2006, the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force finalized Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements.” This issue requires that a liability be recorded during the service period when a split-dollar life insurance agreement continues after participants’ employment or retirement. The required accrued liability will be based on either the post-employment benefit cost for the continuing life insurance or based on the future death benefit depending on the contractual terms of the underlying agreement. This issue is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The impact of adoption was not material.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements – In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations (SFAS 141R). SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer of a business recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. SFAS 141R also provides guidance for recognizing and measuring the goodwill acquired in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations where the acquisition date is on or after fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. SFAS 141R is expected to have an impact on our accounting for any business combinations closing on or after January 1, 2009.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 160, Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements– an amendment of ARB No. 51 (SFAS 160). SFAS 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements and requires retroactive adoption of the presentation and disclosure requirements for existing minority interests. All other requirements of SFAS 160 shall be applied prospectively. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2008.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for that Asset Is Not Active. The FSP clarifies the application of SFAS 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key consideration in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2. SECURITIES
The amortized cost basis and fair values of securities are as follows:
| | | | Gross | | Gross | | | |
| | Amortized | | Unrealized | | Unrealized | | | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Fair Value | |
Securities available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2008: | | | | | | | | | |
Mortgage-backed | | $ | 6,383 | | $ | 28 | | $ | (15 | ) | $ | 6,396 | |
Equity | | 1,233 | | 18 | | (46 | ) | 1,205 | |
State and municipal | | 9,608 | | 3 | | (805 | ) | 8,806 | |
Corporate | | 2,728 | | — | | (2,016 | ) | 712 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 19,952 | | $ | 49 | | $ | (2,882 | ) | $ | 17,119 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 498 | | $ | 3 | | $ | — | | $ | 501 | |
Mortgage-backed | | 7,624 | | 5 | | (53 | ) | 7,576 | |
Equity | | 1,553 | | 324 | | (355 | ) | 1,522 | |
State and municipal | | 9,994 | | 4 | | (400 | ) | 9,598 | |
Corporate | | 2,807 | | — | | — | | 2,807 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 22,476 | | $ | 336 | | $ | (808 | ) | $ | 22,004 | |
| | | | Gross | | Gross | | | |
| | Amortized | | Unrecognized | | Unrecognized | | | |
| | Cost | | Gains | | Losses | | Fair Value | |
Securities held-to-maturity: | | | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2008: | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 5,008 | | $ | 35 | | $ | — | | $ | 5,043 | |
Mortgage-backed | | 1,885 | | 1 | | (10 | ) | 1,876 | |
State and municipal | | 486 | | — | | — | | 486 | |
Corporate | | 279 | | — | | (101 | ) | 178 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 7,658 | | $ | 36 | | $ | (111 | ) | $ | 7,583 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 14,098 | | $ | 33 | | $ | (38 | ) | $ | 14,093 | |
Mortgage-backed | | 3,142 | | 1 | | (51 | ) | 3,092 | |
Corporate | | 441 | | — | | (2 | ) | 439 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 17,681 | | $ | 34 | | $ | (91 | ) | $ | 17,624 | |
For the quarter ended September 30, 2008, we reviewed all investments with an unrealized loss position for other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) under SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” (“SFAS No. 115”) and EITF 99-20, “Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial Interests and Beneficial Interests That Continue to Be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets” (“EITF 99-20”). According to SFAS No. 115, for individual securities classified as either available-for-sale (“AFS”) or held-to-maturity (“HTM”), a company shall determine
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2. SECURITIES- (Continued)
whether a decline in fair value below amortized cost basis is other-than-temporarily impaired (“OTTI”). If the decline in fair value is judged to be OTTI, the cost basis of the individual security shall be written down to fair value and the write-down shall be included in earnings. According to EITF 99-20, for individual securities a company should determine whether fair value of the beneficial interest has declined below its reference amount and whether the decline is other-than-temporary. If, based on a holder’s best estimate of cash flows that a market participant would use in determining the current fair value of the beneficial interest, there has been an adverse change in estimated cash flows an other-than-temporary impairment should be considered to have occurred and the beneficial interest should be written down to fair value with the resulting change being included in income.
As discussed in Note 6 - Fair Value, the fair value of our portfolio of trust preferred securities has decreased significantly as a result of the current credit crisis and lack of liquidity in the financial markets. There are limited trades in trust preferred securities and the majority of holders of such instruments have elected not to participate in the market unless they are required to sell as a result of liquidation, bankruptcy, or other forced or distressed conditions.
To determine if the four trust preferred securities were other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2008, we used a discounted cash flow analysis of the four securities, three continue to carry investment grade ratings and one was downgraded to speculative grade during the quarter. The cash flow models used were provided by one of our investment brokers to determine if the current present value of the cash flows expected on each security were still equivalent to the original cash flows projected on the security when purchased. The cash flows on each security were equivalent to the original cash flows projected when the security was purchased as there have been no principal or interest shortfalls. The cash flow analysis takes into consideration assumptions for prepayments, known and expected defaults and deferrals for the underlying pool of banks, insurance companies and REITs. The cash flow analysis supports our assertion that there is no change in the present value of cash flows, and that we have determined the decline in fair value below amortized cost is temporary, based on management’s assessment of the full recoverability of the securities and that we have the intent and ability to hold these securities until full recovery or maturity.
In making our determination, we also considered all available market information that could be obtained without undue cost and effort, and considered the unique characteristics of each trust preferred security individually by assessing the available market information and the various risks associated with that security including:
· Valuation estimates provided by our investment broker;
· The amount of fair value decline;
· How long the decline in fair value has existed;
· Significant rating agency changes on the issuer;
· Level of interest rates and any movement in pricing for credit and other risks;
· Information about the performance of the underlying institutions that issued the debt instruments, such as net income, return on equity, capital adequacy, non-performing assets, etc;
· Our intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value; and
· Other relevant observable inputs.
We will continue to evaluate the portfolio of trust preferred securities for OTTI on a quarterly basis.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
3. LOANS
Loans are summarized as follows:
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Commercial | | $ | 51,543 | | $ | 52,595 | |
Real estate commercial | | 542,198 | | 470,929 | |
Real estate construction | | 15,205 | | 21,383 | |
Residential mortgage | | 166,673 | | 132,329 | |
Consumer and home equity | | 66,424 | | 63,090 | |
Indirect consumer | | 29,029 | | 27,721 | |
Loans held for sale | | 2,191 | | 780 | |
| | 873,263 | | 768,827 | |
Less: | | | | | |
Net deferred loan origination fees | | (778 | ) | (791 | ) |
Allowance for loan losses | | (10,508 | ) | (7,922 | ) |
| | (11,286 | ) | (8,713 | ) |
| | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 861,977 | | $ | 760,114 | |
The allowance for loan loss is summarized as follows:
| | As of and For the | | As of and For the | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance, beginning of period | | $ | 8,917 | | $ | 7,822 | | $ | 7,922 | | $ | 7,684 | |
Allowance related to acquisition | | — | | — | | 327 | | — | |
Provision for loan losses | | 1,720 | | 740 | | 2,819 | | 948 | |
Charge-offs | | (191 | ) | (129 | ) | (766 | ) | (330 | ) |
Recoveries | | 62 | | 58 | | 206 | | 189 | |
Balance, end of period | | $ | 10,508 | | $ | 8,491 | | $ | 10,508 | | $ | 8,491 | |
Impaired loans are summarized below. There were no impaired loans for the periods presented without an allowance allocation.
| | As of and For the | | As of and For the | |
| | Nine Months Ended | | Year Ended | |
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
End of period impaired loans | | $ | 12,302 | | $ | 8,889 | |
Amount of allowance for loan loss allocated | | 1,925 | | 117 | |
| | | | | | | |
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
3. LOANS - (Continued)
We report non-performing loans as impaired. Our non-performing loans were as follows:
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Restructured | | $ | 841 | | $ | 2,335 | |
Loans past due over 90 days still on accrual | | — | | — | |
Non accrual loans | | 11,461 | | 6,554 | |
Total | | $ | 12,302 | | $ | 8,889 | |
4. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS is as follows:
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
(Dollars in thousands, | | September 30, | | September 30, | |
except per share data) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income available to common shareholders | | $ | 991 | | $ | 2,131 | | $ | 4,973 | | $ | 6,991 | |
Basic EPS: | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares | | 4,667 | | 4,681 | | 4,665 | | 4,739 | |
Diluted EPS: | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares | | 4,667 | | 4,681 | | 4,665 | | 4,739 | |
Dilutive effect of stock options | | 17 | | 50 | | 24 | | 53 | |
Weighted average common and incremental shares | | 4,684 | | 4,731 | | 4,689 | | 4,792 | |
Earnings Per Share: | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.21 | | $ | 0.46 | | $ | 1.07 | | $ | 1.48 | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.21 | | $ | 0.45 | | $ | 1.06 | | $ | 1.46 | |
Stock options for 127,590 and 68,360 shares of common stock were not included in the September 30, 2008 computation of diluted earnings per share for the quarter and year to date because their impact was anti-dilutive. Stock options for 28,600 shares of common stock were not included in the September 30, 2007 computation of diluted earnings for both the quarter and year to date per share because they were anti-dilutive.
5. STOCK OPTION PLAN
Our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, which is shareholder approved, succeeded our 1998 Stock Option and Incentive Plan. Under the 2006 Plan, we may grant either incentive or non-qualified stock options to key employees and directors for a total of 647,350 shares of our common stock at not less than fair value at the date such options are granted. Options available for future grant under the 1998 Plan totaled 38,500 shares and were rolled into the 2006 Plan. We believe that the ability to award stock options and other forms of stock-based incentive compensation can assist us in attracting and retaining key employees. Stock-based incentive compensation is also a means to align the interests of key employees with those of our shareholders by providing awards intended to reward recipients for our long-term growth. The option to purchase shares vest over periods of one to five years and expire ten years after the date of grant. We issue new shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options. At September 30, 2008 options available for future grant under the 2006 Plan totaled 591,750. Compensation cost related to options granted under the 1998 and 2006 Plans that was charged against earnings for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $92,000 and $76,000.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
5. STOCK OPTION PLAN - (Continued)
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model that uses various weighted-average assumptions. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The expected volatility is based on the fluctuation in the price of a share of stock over the period for which the option is being valued and the expected life of the options granted represents the period of time the options are expected to be outstanding.
The weighted-average assumptions for options granted during the period ended September 30, 2008 and the resulting estimated weighted average fair value per share is presented below.
| | September 30, | |
| | 2008 | |
Assumptions: | | | |
Risk-free interest rate | | 3.57 | % |
Expected dividend yield | | 3.29 | % |
Expected life (years) | | 10 | |
Expected common stock market price volatility | | 24 | % |
Estimated fair value per share | | $ | 5.08 | |
| | | | |
A summary of option activity under the 1998 and 2006 Plans for the period ended September 30, 2008 is presented below:
| | | | | | Weighted | | | |
| | | | Weighted | | Average | | | |
| | Number | | Average | | Remaining | | Aggregate | |
| | of | | Exercise | | Contractual | | Intrinsic | |
| | Options | | Price | | Term | | Value | |
| | | | | | | | (Dollars In | |
| | | | | | | | Thousands) | |
Outstanding, beginning of period | | 193,067 | | $ | 18.95 | | | | | |
Granted during period | | 15,000 | | 23.14 | | | | | |
Forfeited during period | | (550 | ) | 28.00 | | | | | |
Exercised during the period | | — | | — | | | | | |
Outstanding, end of period | | 207,517 | | $ | 19.23 | | 5.1 | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Eligible for exercise at period end | | 128,086 | | $ | 17.09 | | 3.5 | | $ | 118 | |
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the period ended September 30, 2007 was $65,000. There were no options exercised, modified or settled in cash for the period ended September 30, 2008. There was no tax benefit recognized from the option exercises as they are considered incentive stock options. Management expects all outstanding unvested options will vest.
As of September 30, 2008 there was $284,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the 1998 and 2006 Plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.5 years. Cash received from option exercises under all share-based payment arrangements for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $0 and $72,000.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
6. FAIR VALUE
SFAS No. 157 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS No. 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the following three levels:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2008 are summarized below:
| | | | Quoted Prices in | | | | | |
| | | | Active Markets for | | Significant Other | | Significant | |
| | September 30, | | Identical Assets | | Observable Inputs | | Unobservable Inputs | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | (Level 1) | | (Level 2) | | (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Available-for-sale securities | | $ | 17,119 | | $ | 683 | | $ | 15,202 | | $ | 1,234 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The fair values of equity securities are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs). The fair values of debt securities are determined by a matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within (Level 3) of the valuation hierarchy. Equity securities that do not have a readily determinable fair value are carried at cost and are evaluated for impairment on a periodic basis.
Between June 2002 and July 2006, we invested in four AFS and one HTM investment grade tranches of trust preferred collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) securities. The securities were issued and are referred to as Preferred Term Securities Limited (“PreTSL”). The underlying collateral for the PreTSL is unguaranteed pooled trust preferred securities issued by large banks with some small banks, insurance companies and REITs geographically dispersed across the United States. We specifically hold PreTSL IV, VI, XV, XXI and XXII. All of the PreTSL securities that we hold remain investment grade with the exception of PreTSL XXI. PreTSL XXI had been downgraded to speculative grade during the third quarter 2008. Prior to September 30, 2008, we determined the fair value of the trust preferred securities using a valuation technique based on Level 2 inputs. The Level 2 inputs included estimates of the market value for each security provided through our investment broker.
Since late 2007, the markets for collateralized debt obligations and trust preferred securities have become increasingly inactive. The inactivity was first evidenced in late 2007 when new issues of similar securities were discounted in order to complete the offering. After December 2007, no new issues of PreTSL have been offered. Beginning in the second quarter of 2008, the purchase and sale activity of these securities substantially decreased as investors elected to hold the securities instead of selling them at substantially depressed prices. Our brokers have indicated that little if any activity is occurring in this
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
6. FAIR VALUE - (Continued)
sector and that the PreTSL securities trades that are taking place are primarily distressed sales where the seller must liquidate as a result of insolvency, redemptions or closure of a fund holding the security, or other distressed conditions. As a result, the bid-ask spreads have widened significantly and the volume of trades decreased significantly compared to historical volumes.
As of September 30, 2008, we determined that the market for the trust preferred securities that we hold and for similar CDO securities (such as higher-rated tranches within the same CDO security) are also not active. That determination was made considering that there are few observable transactions for the trust preferred securities or similar CDO securities and the observable prices for those transactions have varied substantially over time. Consequently, we have considered those observable inputs and determined that our trust preferred securities are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
We have determined that an income approach valuation technique (using cash flows and present value techniques) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs is equally or more representative of fair value then relying on the estimation of market value technique used at prior measurement dates, which now has few observable inputs and relies on an inactive market with distressed sales conditions that would require significant adjustments.
We received valuation estimates on our trust preferred securities for September 30, 2008. Those valuation estimates were based on proprietary pricing models utilizing significant unobservable inputs in an inactive market with distressed sales, Level 3 inputs, rather than actual transactions in an active market.
In accordance with the requirements of SFAS 157, we determined that a risk-adjusted discount rate appropriately reflects the reporting entity’s estimate of the assumptions that market participants would use in an active market to estimate the selling price of the asset at the measurement date.
We conduct a thorough review of fair value hierarchy classifications on a quarterly basis. Reclassification of certain financial instruments may occur when input observability changes.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
6. FAIR VALUE - (Continued)
The table below presents a reconciliation and income statement classification of gains and losses for all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the period ended September 30, 2008:
| | Fair Value | |
| | Measurements | |
| | Using Significant | |
| | Unobservable Inputs | |
| | (Level 3) | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Asset/Liability | |
| | | |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2008 | | $ | — | |
Total gains or losses realized: | | | |
Included in earnings | | | |
Impairment charge on security | | (118 | ) |
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 | | 1,352 | |
Ending balance, September 30, 2008 | | $ | 1,234 | |
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2008 are summarized below:
| | | | Quoted Prices in | | | | | |
| | | | Active Markets for | | Significant Other | | Significant | |
| | September 30, | | Identical Assets | | Observable Inputs | | Unobservable Inputs | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | (Level 1) | | (Level 2) | | (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
Impaired Loans | | $ | 10,377 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 10,377 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Impaired loans, which are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $12.3 million, with a valuation allowance of $1.9 million, resulting in an additional provision for loan losses of $1.8 million for the 2008 nine month period. Values for collateral dependent loans are generally based on appraisals obtained from licensed real estate appraisals and in certain circumstances consideration of offers obtained to purchase properties prior to foreclosure. Appraisals for commercial real estate generally use three methods to derive value: cost, sales or market comparison and income approach. The cost method bases value on the estimated cost to replace the current property after considering adjustments for depreciation. Values of the market comparison approach evaluate the sales price of similar properties in the same market area. The income approach considers net operating income generated by the property and an investors required return. The final value is a reconciliation of these three approaches and takes into consideration any other factors management deems relevant to arrive at a representative fair value.
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
7. BUSINESS COMBINATION
On June 25, 2008, we acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of FSB Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, The Farmers State Bank, located in Southern Indiana. The Farmers State Bank has offices in Harrison and Floyd County, Indiana. These counties are adjacent to our counties of Meade, Hardin, Bullitt and Jefferson. The branches of The Farmers State Bank are branches of First Financial Service Corporation’s wholly owned subsidiary First Federal Savings Bank. Operating results of FSB Bancshares, Inc. have been included in the consolidated financial statements since the date of the acquisition. The purpose of the acquisition was to establish market share in the state of Indiana, expand our customer base, enhance deposit fee income and provide an opportunity to market additional products and services to new customers.
The aggregate purchase price was $14.0 million, paid in cash. The purchase price resulted in approximately $3.8 million in goodwill and $1.9 million in core deposit intangible. The core deposit intangible asset is being amortized over 8.5 years, using an accelerated method. Goodwill will not be amortized but instead evaluated periodically for impairment. Goodwill and intangible assets are not deducted for tax purposes. As of the date of this report, we were in the process of obtaining third party valuations and completing fair value estimates for certain assets and liabilities. Therefore, the allocation of the purchase price is subject to refinement.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:
(Dollars in thousands) | | Amount | |
| | | |
Cash | | $ | 12,534 | |
Securities held to maturity | | 2,512 | |
Loans, net | | 48,645 | |
FHLB Stock | | 585 | |
Premises and equipment | | 1,019 | |
Real estate acquired through foreclosure | | 185 | |
Goodwill | | 3,782 | |
Core deposit intangibles | | 1,910 | |
Other assets | | 250 | |
Total assets acquired | | 71,422 | |
| | | |
Deposits | | 55,751 | |
Other liabilities | | 1,671 | |
Total liabilities assumed | | 57,422 | |
| | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 14,000 | |
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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
7. BUSINESS COMBINATION - (Continued)
Pro Forma Results of Operations
The following table presents unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, as if the Farmers State Bank acquisition had occurred effective January 1, 2007. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations as they actually would have been if the acquisition had occurred at January 1, 2007, and is not intended to be a projection of future results.
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | $ | 8,424 | | $ | 8,382 | | $ | 25,393 | | $ | 25,005 | |
Net income | | 991 | | 2,289 | | 4,610 | | 7,461 | |
Basic income per share | | $ | 0.21 | | $ | 0.49 | | $ | 0.99 | | $ | 1.57 | |
Diluted income per share | | 0.21 | | 0.48 | | 0.98 | | 1.56 | |
8. SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES
On June 24, 2008, First Federal Statutory Trust III, an unconsolidated trust subsidiary of First Financial Service Corporation, issued $8.0 million in trust preferred securities. The trust loaned the proceeds of the offering to us in exchange for junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures which we used to finance the purchase of FSB Bancshares, Inc. In accordance with FASB Interpretation 46, the trust is not consolidated with our financial statements but rather the subordinated debentures are shown as a liability. The subordinated debentures, which mature on June 24, 2038, can be called at par in whole or in part on or after June 24, 2018. The subordinated debentures pay a fixed rate of 8% for thirty years. We have the option to defer interest payments on the subordinated debt from time to time for a period not to exceed five consecutive years. The subordinated debentures are considered as Tier I capital for the Corporation under current regulatory guidelines.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
GENERAL
We operate 21 banking centers in seven contiguous counties in Central Kentucky along the Interstate 65 corridor and the Louisville Metropolitan area, including Southern Indiana. Our markets range from the major metropolitan area of Louisville in Jefferson County, Kentucky approximately 40 miles north of our headquarters in Elizabethtown, Kentucky to Hart County, Kentucky, approximately 30 miles south of Elizabethtown to Harrison County, Indiana approximately 60 miles northwest of our headquarters. Our markets are supported by a diversified industry base and have a regional population of over 1 million.
We serve the needs and cater to the economic strengths of the local communities in which we operate, and we strive to provide a high level of personal and professional customer service. We offer a variety of financial services to our retail and commercial banking customers. These services include personal and corporate banking services and personal investment financial counseling services.
Through our personal investment financial counseling services, we offer a wide variety of mutual funds, equity investments, and fixed and variable annuities. We invest in the wholesale capital markets to manage a portfolio of securities and use various forms of wholesale funding. The security portfolio contains a variety of instruments, including callable debentures, taxable and non-taxable debentures, fixed and adjustable rate mortgage backed securities, and collateralized mortgage obligations.
Our results of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from interest-earning assets and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Our operations are also affected by non-interest income, such as service charges, insurance agency revenue, loan fees, gains and losses from the sale of mortgage loans and gains from the sale of real estate held for development. Our principal operating expenses, aside from interest expense, consist of compensation and employee benefits, occupancy costs, data processing expense and provisions for loan losses.
This discussion and analysis covers material changes in the financial condition since December 31, 2007 and material changes in the results of operations for the three and nine month periods ending, September 30, 2008 as compared to 2007. It should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2007.
OVERVIEW
During the second quarter, we completed the acquisition of FSB Bancshares, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, The Farmers State Bank, located in Southern Indiana. The Farmers State Bank had approximately $65.7 million in total assets and $55.8 million in deposits with offices in Harrison and Floyd County, Indiana. These counties are adjacent to our Kentucky counties of Meade, Hardin, Bullitt and Jefferson and are part of the Louisville MSA. The acquisition is anticipated to be accretive to our earnings during the first full year of the combined operations.
During the third quarter, we opened our twentieth full —service banking center, which expanded our current footprint in Bullitt County, Kentucky. The Cedar Grove Banking Center complements our existing branches located in Shepherdsville and Mt. Washington, Kentucky. We will continue our expansion efforts in the fourth quarter with two additional banking centers under development. The first banking center will be in Hardin County, Kentucky located at the entrance to the Fort Knox military base. The other banking center will be our fourth site in Louisville, Kentucky and located in the Middletown area.
Over the past several years we have focused on enhancing and expanding our retail and commercial banking network in our core markets as well as establishing our presence in the Louisville market. Our core markets, where we have a combined 21% market share, have become increasingly competitive as several new banks have entered those markets during the past few years. In order to protect and grow our market share, we are replacing existing branches with newer, enhanced facilities and anticipate constructing several new facilities over the next few years. In addition to the enhancement and expansion in our core markets, we have been increasing our presence in the Louisville market. Our acquisition of FSB Bancshares, Inc. has broadened our retail branch network in the Louisville market, which now extends into Southern Indiana. Approximately 73% of the deposit base in the Louisville market is controlled by six out-of-state banks. While the market is very competitive, we believe this creates an opportunity for smaller community banks with more power to make decisions locally. We
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believe our investment in these initiatives along with our continued commitment to a high level of customer service will enhance our market share in our core markets and our development in the Louisville market.
Our retail branch network continues to generate encouraging results. Total deposits have grown 32% over the past three years. Total deposits were $776.9 million at September 30, 2008, an increase of $87.7 million from December 31, 2007. The continued development of the retail branch network into the Louisville market also yielded positive results. We have a combined $60.9 million in deposits in our three full-service banking centers in the Louisville market. We opened two of these facilities in the second quarter of 2004 to support our growing customer base in this market. In June 2007 we opened our third new full service banking center in Louisville. Additional sites within the Louisville market are under development with our fourth location scheduled to open in the second quarter of 2009. Competition for deposits continues to be challenging in all of the markets we serve. This intense competition and future federal rate cuts could add to additional margin compression as the interest rate environment continues to be volatile.
We have developed a strong commercial real estate niche in our markets. We have an experienced team of bankers who are focused on providing service and convenience to our customers. It is quite common for our bankers to close loans at a customer’s place of business or even the customer’s personal residence. This high level of service has been especially well received in our Louisville market, which is dominated by regional banks. Currently, 26% of our loan portfolio resides in the Louisville market. To further develop our commercial banking relationships in Louisville, we opened a private banking office in April 2007. This office is an upscale facility complementing our full service centers in Louisville allowing us to further attract commercial deposit relationships in conjunction with our commercial lending relationships.
This emphasis on commercial lending generated 44% growth in the total loan portfolio and 76% growth in commercial loans over the past three years. Commercial loans were $608.9 million at September 30, 2008, an increase of $64.0 million, or 12% from December 31, 2007.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our accounting and reporting policies comply with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and conform to general practices within the banking industry. The accounting policy relating to the allowance for loan losses is critical to the understanding of our results of operations since the application of this policy requires significant management assumptions and estimates that could result in materially different amounts to be reported if conditions or underlying circumstances were to change.
Allowance for Loan Losses – We maintain an allowance sufficient to absorb probable incurred credit losses existing in the loan portfolio. The Allowance for Loan Loss Review Committee evaluates the allowance for loan losses on a quarterly basis. We estimate the allowance using past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of the underlying collateral, and current economic conditions. While we estimate the allowance for loan losses based in part on historical losses within each loan category, estimates for losses within the commercial real estate portfolio are more dependent upon credit analysis and recent payment performance. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans or loan categories, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off.
The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired or loans otherwise classified as substandard or doubtful. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. Allowance estimates are developed with actual loss experience adjusted for current economic conditions. Allowance estimates are considered a prudent measurement of the risk in the loan portfolio and are applied to individual loans based on loan type.
Based on our calculation, an allowance of $10.5 million or 1.21% of total loans was our estimate of probable losses within the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2008. This estimate resulted in a provision for loan losses on the income statement of $2.8 million for the 2008 nine month period. If the mix and amount of future charge off percentages differ significantly from those assumptions used by management in making its determination, the allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses on the income statement could be materially increased.
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Stock-based Compensation – We adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123 (R) “Share-Based Payment (Revised 2004),” on January 1, 2006. Among other things, SFAS No. 123 (R) eliminates the ability to account for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value based method of accounting and requires that such transactions be recognized as compensation expense in the income statement based on their fair values on the date of the grant. SFAS No. 123 (R) requires that management make assumptions including stock price volatility and employee turnover that are utilized to measure compensation expense. We estimate fair value of stock options granted at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, such as volatility, risk free interest rates and dividend pay out rates.
Impairment of Investment Securities – All unrealized losses are reviewed to determine whether the losses are other-than-temporary. Investment securities are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment on at least a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation to determine whether a decline in their value below amortized cost is other-than-temporary. We evaluate a number of factors including, but not limited to: valuation estimates provided by investment brokers; how much fair value has declined below amortized cost; how long the decline in fair value has existed; the financial condition of the issuer; significant rating agency changes on the issuer; and management’s intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.
The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the possibility for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net income for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 was $991,000 or $0.21 per share diluted compared to $2.1 million or $0.45 per share diluted for the same period in 2007. Net income for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 was $5.0 million or $1.06 per share diluted compared to $7.0 million or $1.46 per share diluted for the same period a year ago. Earnings decreased for 2008 compared to 2007 due to a decrease in our net interest margin, an increase in provision for loan loss expense, a higher level of non-interest expense related to our expansion efforts, a write down taken on investment securities that were other-than-temporarily impaired and a write down on real estate acquired through foreclosure. Our book value per common share increased from $15.50 at September 30, 2007 to $15.95 at September 30, 2008. Annualized net income for the first nine months of 2008 generated a return on average assets of .72% and a return on average equity of 8.80%. These compare with a return on average assets of 1.11% and a return on average equity of 12.92% for the first nine months of 2007 also annualized.
Net Interest Income – The principal source of our revenue is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities and the interest expense on liabilities used to fund those assets, such as interest-bearing deposits and borrowings. Net interest income is affected by both changes in the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities as well as changes in market interest rates.
The growth in our commercial loan portfolio has increased net interest income. The increase in the volume of interest earning assets increased net interest income by $744,000 and $1.3 million for the three and nine month 2008 periods compared to the same periods a year ago. Average interest earning assets increased $109.1 million for the 2008 quarter and $64.6 million for the nine months compared to 2007. Despite the increase in interest earning assets, our net interest margin declined. The yield on earning assets averaged 6.54% and 6.78% for the three and nine month 2008 periods compared to an average yield on earning assets of 7.67% and 7.66% for the same periods in 2007. This decrease was slightly offset by a decrease in our cost of funds. On an annualized basis, the net interest margin as a percent of average earning assets decreased 13 basis points to 3.72% for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 and 10 basis points to 3.81% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to 3.85% and 3.91% for the same periods in 2007.
Our cost of funds averaged 3.05% and 3.24% for the quarter and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 compared to an average cost of funds of 4.20% and 4.11% for the same periods in 2007. Going forward, our cost of funds is expected to continue to decrease as certificates of deposit re-price and roll off into new certificates of deposit at lower interest rates.
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Our net interest margin is likely to compress in future quarters as a result of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) decreasing the Federal Funds rate by 225 basis points in 2008 through September 30th. In addition, the FOMC decreased the federal funds rate by an additional 50 basis points on October 8, 2008 in an emergency rate cut. Variable rate loans that are tied to the federal prime rate are immediately re-priced downward with these rate cuts. However, interest rates paid on customer deposits have not adjusted downward proportionately with the declining interest yields on loans and investments. This will in turn lower our net interest margin.
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AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET
The following table provides information relating to our average balance sheet and reflects the average yield on assets and average cost of liabilities for the indicated periods. Yields and costs for the periods presented are derived by dividing income or expense by the average monthly balance of assets or liabilities, respectively.
| | Quarter Ended September 30, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | Average | | | | Average | | Average | | | | Average | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Balance | | Interest | | Yield/Cost (5) | | Balance | | Interest | | Yield/Cost (5) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 5,332 | | $ | 49 | | 3.66 | % | $ | 16,583 | | $ | 146 | | 3.49 | % |
Mortgage-backed securities | | 8,501 | | 91 | | 4.26 | | 11,514 | | 125 | | 4.31 | |
Equity securities | | 1,775 | | 12 | | 2.69 | | 2,036 | | 19 | | 3.70 | |
State and political subdivision securities (1) | | 9,416 | | 136 | | 5.75 | | 9,405 | | 155 | | 6.54 | |
Corporate bonds | | 3,110 | | 47 | | 6.01 | | 3,820 | | 65 | | 6.75 | |
Loans (2) (3) (4) | | 861,230 | | 14,337 | | 6.62 | | 745,028 | | 14,760 | | 7.86 | |
FHLB stock | | 8,410 | | 113 | | 5.35 | | 7,621 | | 126 | | 6.56 | |
Interest bearing deposits | | 7,685 | | 90 | | 4.66 | | 375 | | 9 | | 9.53 | |
Total interest earning assets | | 905,459 | | 14,875 | | 6.54 | | 796,382 | | 15,405 | | 7.67 | |
Less: Allowance for loan losses | | (9,029 | ) | | | | | (8,024 | ) | | | | |
Non-interest earning assets | | 84,270 | | | | | | 63,557 | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 980,700 | | | | | | $ | 851,915 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Savings accounts | | $ | 114,518 | | $ | 442 | | 1.54 | % | $ | 92,877 | | $ | 731 | | 3.12 | % |
NOW and money market accounts | | 142,036 | | 322 | | 0.90 | | 126,193 | | 631 | | 1.98 | |
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits | | 478,747 | | 4,561 | | 3.79 | | 432,569 | | 5,333 | | 4.89 | |
Short term borrowings | | 29,392 | | 156 | | 2.11 | | 33,639 | | 465 | | 5.48 | |
FHLB advances | | 52,993 | | 610 | | 4.58 | | 29,929 | | 345 | | 4.57 | |
Subordinated debentures | | 18,000 | | 315 | | 6.96 | | 10,000 | | 167 | | 6.63 | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | 835,686 | | 6,406 | | 3.05 | | 725,207 | | 7,672 | | 4.20 | |
Non-interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing deposits | | 62,606 | | | | | | 48,728 | | | | | |
Other liabilities | | 6,261 | | | | | | 5,724 | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | 904,553 | | | | | | 779,659 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 76,147 | | | | | | 72,256 | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 980,700 | | | | | | $ | 851,915 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | $ | 8,469 | | | | | | $ | 7,733 | | | |
Net interest spread | | | | | | 3.49 | % | | | | | 3.47 | % |
Net interest margin | | | | | | 3.72 | % | | | | | 3.85 | % |
(1) Taxable equivalent yields are calculated assuming a 34% federal income tax rate.
(2) Includes loan fees, immaterial in amount, in both interest income and the calculation of yield on loans.
(3) Calculations include non-accruing loans in the average loan amounts outstanding.
(4) Includes loans held for sale.
(5) Annualized
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| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | Average | | | | Average | | Average | | | | Average | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Balance | | Interest | | Yield/Cost (5) | | Balance | | Interest | | Yield/Cost (5) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest earning assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 7,126 | | $ | 216 | | 4.05 | % | $ | 19,252 | | $ | 519 | | 3.60 | % |
Mortgage-backed securities | | 9,311 | | 297 | | 4.26 | | 12,335 | | 398 | | 4.31 | |
Equity securities | | 1,683 | | 42 | | 3.33 | | 2,081 | | 56 | | 3.60 | |
State and political subdivision securities (1) | | 9,478 | | 450 | | 6.34 | | 10,035 | | 480 | | 6.40 | |
Corporate bonds | | 3,092 | | 123 | | 5.31 | | 4,721 | | 250 | | 7.08 | |
Loans (2) (3) (4) | | 811,036 | | 41,718 | | 6.87 | | 731,276 | | 43,065 | | 7.87 | |
FHLB stock | | 7,983 | | 317 | | 5.30 | | 7,621 | | 368 | | 6.46 | |
Interest bearing deposits | | 3,257 | | 100 | | 4.10 | | 1,043 | | 47 | | 6.03 | |
Total interest earning assets | | 852,966 | | 43,263 | | 6.78 | | 788,364 | | 45,183 | | 7.66 | |
Less: Allowance for loan losses | | (8,537 | ) | | | | | (7,828 | ) | | | | |
Non-interest earning assets | | 75,195 | | | | | | 61,453 | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 919,624 | | | | | | $ | 841,989 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Savings accounts | | $ | 105,827 | | $ | 1,389 | | 1.75 | % | $ | 98,894 | | $ | 2,417 | | 3.27 | % |
NOW and money market accounts | | 135,172 | | 1,078 | | 1.07 | | 121,932 | | 1,599 | | 1.75 | |
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits | | 437,792 | | 13,348 | | 4.07 | | 422,608 | | 15,066 | | 4.77 | |
Short term borrowings | | 34,132 | | 661 | | 2.59 | | 35,303 | | 1,452 | | 5.50 | |
FHLB advances | | 53,026 | | 1,808 | | 4.55 | | 29,866 | | 1,022 | | 4.58 | |
Subordinated debentures | | 13,556 | | 649 | | 6.40 | | 10,000 | | 549 | | 7.34 | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | 779,505 | | 18,933 | | 3.24 | | 718,603 | | 22,105 | | 4.11 | |
Non-interest bearing liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-interest bearing deposits | | 58,847 | | | | | | 45,603 | | | | | |
Other liabilities | | 5,762 | | | | | | 5,452 | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | 844,114 | | | | | | 769,658 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity | | 75,510 | | | | | | 72,331 | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 919,624 | | | | | | $ | 841,989 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | $ | 24,330 | | | | | | $ | 23,078 | | | |
Net interest spread | | | | | | 3.53 | % | | | | | 3.55 | % |
Net interest margin | | | | | | 3.81 | % | | | | | 3.91 | % |
(1) Taxable equivalent yields are calculated assuming a 34% federal income tax rate.
(2) Includes loan fees, immaterial in amount, in both interest income and the calculation of yield on loans.
(3) Calculations include non-accruing loans in the average loan amounts outstanding.
(4) Includes loans held for sale.
(5) Annualized
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RATE/VOLUME ANALYSIS
The table below provides information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the indicated periods. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to (1) changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by old volume); (2) changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by old rate); and (3) changes in rate-volume (change in rate multiplied by change in volume). Changes in rate-volume are proportionately allocated between rate and volume variance.
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
| | 2008 vs. 2007 | | 2008 vs. 2007 | |
| | Increase (decrease) | | Increase (decrease) | |
| | Due to change in | | Due to change in | |
| | | | | | Net | | | | | | Net | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Rate | | Volume | | Change | | Rate | | Volume | | Change | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury and agencies | | $ | 6 | | $ | (103 | ) | $ | (97 | ) | $ | 58 | | $ | (361 | ) | $ | (303 | ) |
Mortgage-backed securities | | (2 | ) | (32 | ) | (34 | ) | (4 | ) | (97 | ) | (101 | ) |
Equity securities | | (5 | ) | (2 | ) | (7 | ) | (4 | ) | (10 | ) | (14 | ) |
State and political subdivision securities | | (19 | ) | — | | (19 | ) | (4 | ) | (26 | ) | (30 | ) |
Corporate bonds | | (18 | ) | — | | (18 | ) | (127 | ) | — | | (127 | ) |
Loans | | (2,544 | ) | 2,121 | | (423 | ) | (5,769 | ) | 4,422 | | (1,347 | ) |
FHLB stock | | (25 | ) | 12 | | (13 | ) | (67 | ) | 16 | | (51 | ) |
Interest bearing deposits | | (7 | ) | 88 | | 81 | | (19 | ) | 72 | | 53 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest earning assets | | (2,614 | ) | 2,084 | | (530 | ) | (5,936 | ) | 4,016 | | (1,920 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Savings accounts | | (432 | ) | 143 | | (289 | ) | (1,187 | ) | 159 | | (1,028 | ) |
NOW and money market accounts | | (380 | ) | 71 | | (309 | ) | (680 | ) | 159 | | (521 | ) |
Certificates of deposit and other time deposits | | (1,300 | ) | 528 | | (772 | ) | (2,244 | ) | 526 | | (1,718 | ) |
Short term borrowings | | (309 | ) | — | | (309 | ) | (791 | ) | — | | (791 | ) |
FHLB advances | | — | | 265 | | 265 | | (4 | ) | 790 | | 786 | |
Subordinated debentures | | 8 | | 140 | | 148 | | (77 | ) | 177 | | 100 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total interest bearing liabilities | | (2,413 | ) | 1,147 | | (1,266 | ) | (4,983 | ) | 1,811 | | (3,172 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in net interest income | | $ | (201 | ) | $ | 937 | | $ | 736 | | $ | (953 | ) | $ | 2,205 | | $ | 1,252 | |
Non-Interest Income and Non-Interest Expense
The following tables provide a comparison of the components of non-interest income and expenses for the periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. The tables show the dollar and percentage change from 2007 to 2008. Below each table is a discussion of significant changes and trends.
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | Change | | % | |
Non-interest income | | | | | | | | | |
Customer service fees on deposit accounts | | $ | 1,817 | | $ | 1,511 | | $ | 306 | | 20.3 | % |
Gain on sale of mortgage loans | | 179 | | 144 | | 35 | | 24.3 | % |
Gain on sale of investments | | 52 | | — | | 52 | | 100.0 | % |
Write down on real estate acquired through foreclosure | | (151 | ) | — | | (151 | ) | 100.0 | % |
Brokerage commissions | | 109 | | 106 | | 3 | | 2.8 | % |
Other income | | 361 | | 444 | | (83 | ) | -18.7 | % |
| | $ | 2,367 | | $ | 2,205 | | $ | 162 | | 7.3 | % |
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| | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | Change | | % | |
Non-interest income | | | | | | | | | |
Customer service fees on deposit accounts | | $ | 4,865 | | $ | 4,274 | | $ | 591 | | 13.8 | % |
Gain on sale of mortgage loans | | 566 | | 435 | | 131 | | 30.1 | % |
Gain on sale of investments | | 52 | | — | | 52 | | 100.0 | % |
Gain on sale of real estate held for development | | — | | 227 | | (227 | ) | -100.0 | % |
Losses on securities transactions | | (216 | ) | — | | (216 | ) | 100.0 | % |
Write down on real estate acquired through foreclosure | | (160 | ) | — | | (160 | ) | 100.0 | % |
Brokerage commissions | | 352 | | 308 | | 44 | | 14.3 | % |
Other income | | 1,001 | | 945 | | 56 | | 5.9 | % |
| | $ | 6,460 | | $ | 6,189 | | $ | 271 | | 4.4 | % |
Growth in customer service fees on deposit accounts, our largest component of non-interest income, is primarily due to growth in customer deposits, overdraft fee income on retail checking accounts and the sale of fee-based products for 2008. We continue to increase our customer base through cross-selling opportunities and marketing initiatives and promotions. In addition, we continue to emphasize growing our checking account base to better enhance our profitability and franchise value.
We originate qualified VA, KHC, RHC and conventional secondary market loans and sell them into the secondary market with servicing rights released. For the quarter and the first nine months of 2008, gain on sale of mortgage loans increased due to an increase in the volume of loans closed.
We invest in various types of liquid assets, including United States Treasury obligations, securities of various federal agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate bonds, mutual funds, stocks and others. During the third quarter of 2008 we recorded a gain on sale of investments of $52,000. Gains on investment securities are infrequent in nature and are not a consistent recurring source of income.
Through our subsidiary, First Federal Office Park, we hold commercial lots adjacent to our home office on Ring Road in Elizabethtown, that are available for sale. During the March 2007 quarter we recorded $227,000 in gains from a lot sale. Currently, one of the original nine lots held for sale remains unsold.
We recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $216,000 at June 30, 2008 on certain equity securities with a cost basis of $840,000. Management believes this impairment was primarily attributable to current economic conditions. Since recovery does not appear likely in the near future, we recognized the impairment losses. Previously, we recognized the decline in market value of these equity securities in stockholders’ equity through accumulated other comprehensive income.
Further reducing non-interest income for the 2008 period was a 10% or $151,000 write-down, in the third quarter, of the carrying value of a real estate owned property that had been held for twelve months.
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | Change | | % | |
Non-interest expenses | | | | | | | | | |
Employee compensation and benefits | | $ | 3,867 | | $ | 3,136 | | $ | 731 | | 23.3 | % |
Office occupancy expense and equipment | | 779 | | 604 | | 175 | | 29.0 | % |
Marketing and advertising | | 215 | | 228 | | (13 | ) | -5.7 | % |
Outside services and data processing | | 882 | | 638 | | 244 | | 38.2 | % |
Bank franchise tax | | 258 | | 234 | | 24 | | 10.3 | % |
Amortization of core deposit intangible | | 56 | | — | | 56 | | 100.0 | % |
Other expense | | 1,580 | | 1,166 | | 414 | | 35.5 | % |
| | $ | 7,637 | | $ | 6,006 | | $ | 1,631 | | 27.2 | % |
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| | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | Change | | % | |
Non-interest expenses | | | | | | | | | |
Employee compensation and benefits | | $ | 10,765 | | $ | 9,365 | | $ | 1,400 | | 14.9 | % |
Office occupancy expense and equipment | | 2,112 | | 1,766 | | 346 | | 19.6 | % |
Marketing and advertising | | 638 | | 677 | | (39 | ) | -5.8 | % |
Outside services and data processing | | 2,365 | | 1,974 | | 391 | | 19.8 | % |
Bank franchise tax | | 761 | | 699 | | 62 | | 8.9 | % |
Write off of issuance cost of Trust Preferred Securities | | — | | 229 | | (229 | ) | -100.0 | % |
Amortization of core deposit intangible | | 59 | | — | | 59 | | 100.0 | % |
Other expense | | 3,791 | | 3,112 | | 679 | | 21.8 | % |
| | $ | 20,491 | | $ | 17,822 | | $ | 2,669 | | 15.0 | % |
Employee compensation and benefits is the largest component of non-interest expense. Since 2006, three commercial lending associates and twenty-two retail associates have been added with our expansion efforts. These associates were hired for a commercial private banking center which opened in April 2007, a new Louisville retail branch facility that opened in June 2007, a new Bullitt County retail branch facility that opened in August 2008 and other positions to support our growth. Twenty additional associates were added in the second quarter of 2008 as a result of the recent acquisition. We look for a continued increase in employee compensation and benefits expense in line with recent years, as we progress with our retail expansion and market protection efforts.
Office occupancy expense and equipment and outside services and data processing increased due to additional operating expenses related to our expansion efforts and a system upgrade. We anticipate the increased level of non-interest expense to continue in 2008 with additional retail expansion.
Included in non-interest expense for the September 2007 period is $229,000 in unamortized subordinated debentures issuance cost from the redemption of all of our underlying $10.0 million issuance of cumulative trust preferred securities. These securities paid distributions at a quarterly adjustable rate of LIBOR plus 360 basis points (8.97% on March 26, 2007). We issued new subordinated debentures at a 10 year fixed rate of 6.69%.
Other expense increased due to increases in interchange expense, REO expense and losses on NOW accounts. Interchange expense increased due to the switch to real-time debit card processing, which is more expensive per item than the batch processing method we used previously. REO expense relating to repair, maintenance and taxes increased due to increases in real estate acquired through foreclosure.
Our efficiency ratio was 67% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to 61% for the 2007 period.
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ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
Total assets at September 30, 2008 increased to $991.3 million compared to $872.7 million at December 31, 2007, an increase of $118.6 million. Approximately $71.4 million of the increase was attributable to the June 2008 acquisition of FSB Bancshares, Inc.
Loans
Net loans increased $101.9 million to $862.0 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $760.1 million at December 31, 2007. The recent acquisition of FSB Bancshares, Inc. contributed approximately $48.6 million in new loans. Our commercial real estate portfolio increased $71.3 million to $542.2 million at September 30, 2008. For the 2008 period, these loans comprised 62% of the total loan portfolio compared to 60% at September 30, 2007. Our residential mortgage loan portfolio increased for the 2008 period due to the recent acquisition by $34.3 million. The residential mortgage loans we acquired are seasoned performing loans and none are considered to have any sub-prime characteristics. Consumer, home equity, and indirect consumer loans also increased during the 2008 period. Commercial loans remained relatively constant during the 2008 period. Offsetting this growth was a $6.2 million decrease in the real estate construction loan portfolio to $15.2 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $21.4 million at December 31, 2007. For 2008, the growth in commercial real estate loans is expected to continue in line with recent periods as we continue to emphasize this type of lending.
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Commercial | | $ | 51,543 | | $ | 52,595 | |
Real estate commercial | | 542,198 | | 470,929 | |
Real estate construction | | 15,205 | | 21,383 | |
Residential mortgage | | 166,673 | | 132,329 | |
Consumer and home equity | | 66,424 | | 63,090 | |
Indirect consumer | | 29,029 | | 27,721 | |
Loans held for sale | | 2,191 | | 780 | |
| | 873,263 | | 768,827 | |
Less: | | | | | |
Net deferred loan origination fees | | (778 | ) | (791 | ) |
Allowance for loan losses | | (10,508 | ) | (7,922 | ) |
| | (11,286 | ) | (8,713 | ) |
| | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 861,977 | | $ | 760,114 | |
Allowance and Provision for Loan Losses
Our financial performance depends on the quality of the loans we originate and management’s ability to assess the degree of risk in existing loans when it determines the allowance for loan losses. An increase in loan charge-offs or non-performing loans or an inadequate allowance for loan losses could reduce net interest income, net income and capital and limit the range of products and services we can offer.
The Allowance for Loan Loss Review Committee evaluates the allowance for loan losses quarterly to maintain a level sufficient to absorb probable incurred credit losses existing in the loan portfolio. Periodic provisions to the allowance are made as needed. The Committee determines the allowance by applying loss estimates to graded loans by categories, as described below. In addition, the Committee analyzes such factors as changes in lending policies and procedures; underwriting standards; collection; charge-off and recovery history; changes in national and local economic business conditions and developments; changes in the characteristics of the portfolio; ability and depth of lending management and staff; changes in the trend of the volume and severity of past due, non-accrual and classified loans; troubled debt restructuring and other loan modifications; and results of regulatory examinations.
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The following table analyzes loan loss experience for the periods indicated.
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at beginning of period | | $ | 8,917 | | $ | 7,822 | | $ | 7,922 | | $ | 7,684 | |
Allowance related to acquisition | | — | | — | | 327 | | — | |
Loans charged-off: | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate mortgage | | — | | 18 | | 15 | | 18 | |
Consumer | | 137 | | 111 | | 402 | | 295 | |
Commercial | | 54 | | — | | 349 | | 17 | |
Total charge-offs | | 191 | | 129 | | 766 | | 330 | |
Recoveries: | | | | | | | | | |
Real estate mortgage | | 2 | | — | | 3 | | 9 | |
Consumer | | 60 | | 55 | | 185 | | 174 | |
Commercial | | — | | 3 | | 18 | | 6 | |
Total recoveries | | 62 | | 58 | | 206 | | 189 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loans charged-off | | 129 | | 71 | | 560 | | 141 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Provision for loan losses | | 1,720 | | 740 | | 2,819 | | 948 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at end of period | | $ | 10,508 | | $ | 8,491 | | $ | 10,508 | | $ | 8,491 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan losses to total loans (excluding loans held for sale) | | | | | | 1.21 | % | 1.11 | % |
Annualized net charge-offs to average loans outstanding | | | | | | 0.09 | % | 0.02 | % |
Allowance for loan losses to total non-performing loans | | | | | | 85 | % | 111 | % |
The provision for loan losses increased $980,000 to $1.7 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2008, and increased $1.9 million to $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same periods in 2007. The increase for the quarter was related to an additional $1.4 million of specific reserve for a classified commercial real estate development loan. This relationship had been previously classified during the first quarter of 2008. The increase in provision for loan losses for the nine month period was related to growth in the loan portfolio as well as from specific reserves for loans classified during 2008. The provision for the 2007 period was smaller due to the improved performance of one of our credit relationships which reduced the allowance allocated to the loan. The allowance for loan losses increased $2.0 million to $10.5 million from September 30, 2007 to September 30, 2008. The increase was related to $329,000 in allowance added as a result of the FSB Bancshares, Inc. acquisition, an increase in net loans for 2008, as well as provision recorded, in conjunction with a $17.8 million increase in classified loans for the 2008 period.
Federal regulations require banks to classify their own assets on a regular basis. The regulations provide for three categories of classified loans — substandard, doubtful and loss. A bank must establish general allowances for loan losses for any assets classified as substandard or doubtful. If an asset or portion thereof is classified as loss, the bank must either establish specified allowances for loan losses in the amount of 100% of the portion of the asset classified loss, or charge off the amount of the loss.
The following table provides information with respect to classified loans for the periods indicated:
| | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
Classified Loans | | | | | |
Substandard | | $ | 32,070 | | $ | 14,220 | |
Doubtful | | — | | 65 | |
Loss | | 55 | | 68 | |
Total Classified | | $ | 32,125 | | $ | 14,353 | |
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The $17.9 million increase in substandard assets for 2008 was primarily the result of downgrading loans with nine borrowers in the amounts of $8.5 million, $4.1 million, $1.7 million, $1.6 million, $1.5 million, $1.5 million, $1.0 million, $975,000 and $870,000, respectively. Offsetting this increase was the upgrade of a classified loan having a balance of $823,000 and the transfer of three classified loans having balances of $1.5 million, $1.3 million and $1.1 million to real estate acquired through foreclosure. Approximately $20.3 million of the total classified loans were related to real estate development or real estate construction loans in our market area. Classified consumer loans totaled $ 1.3 million, classified mortgage loans totaled $4.7 million and classified commercial loans totaled $5.8 million. We remain well secured and adequately collateralized with these credits. For more information on collection efforts, evaluation of collateral and how loss amounts are estimated, see “Non-Performing Assets.”
Although we may allocate a portion of the allowance to specific loans or loan categories, the entire allowance is available for active charge-offs. We develop our allowance estimates based on actual loss experience adjusted for current economic conditions. Allowance estimates represent a prudent measurement of the risk in the loan portfolio, which we apply to individual loans based on loan type.
Non-Performing Assets
Non-performing assets consist of certain restructured loans for which interest rate or other terms have been renegotiated, loans on which interest is no longer accrued, real estate acquired through foreclosure and repossessed assets. We do not have any loans longer than 90 days past due still on accrual. Loans, including impaired loans under SFAS 114, are placed on non-accrual status when they become past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest, unless they are adequately secured and in the process of collection. Loans are considered impaired when we no longer anticipate full principal or interest payments in accordance with the contractual loan terms. We carry impaired loans at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or at the fair value of the collateral if the loan is secured by collateral.
We review our loans on a regular basis and implement normal collection procedures when a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan. If the delinquency on a mortgage loan exceeds 90 days and is not cured through normal collection procedures or an acceptable arrangement is not worked out with the borrower, we institute measures to remedy the default, including commencing a foreclosure action. We generally charge off consumer loans when management deems a loan uncollectible and any available collateral has been liquidated. We handle commercial business and real estate loan delinquencies on an individual basis with the advice of legal counsel.
We recognize interest income on loans on the accrual basis except for those loans in a non-accrual of income status. We discontinue accruing interest on impaired loans when management believes, after consideration of economic and business conditions and collection efforts that the borrowers’ financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful, typically after the loan becomes 90 days delinquent. When we discontinue interest accrual, we reverse existing accrued interest and subsequently recognize interest income only to the extent we receive cash payments.
We classify real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. We classify new and used automobile, motorcycle and all terrain vehicles acquired as a result of foreclosure as repossessed assets until they are sold. When such property is acquired we record it at the lower of the unpaid principal balance of the related loan or its fair market value. We charge any write-down of the property at the time of acquisition to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent gains and losses are included in non-interest income and non-interest expense. Real estate acquired through foreclosure increased $3.9 million to $5.6 million at September 30, 2008. The increase was primarily the result of three commercial credit relationships totaling $1.3 million, $1.2 million and $1.1 million that were transferred during the 2008 period.
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The following table provides information with respect to non-performing assets for the periods indicated.
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
(Dollar in thousands) | | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Restructured | | $ | 841 | | $ | 2,335 | |
Past due 90 days still on accrual | | — | | — | |
Loans on non-accrual status | | 11,461 | | 6,554 | |
Total non-performing loans | | 12,302 | | 8,889 | |
| | | | | |
Real estate acquired through foreclosure | | 5,649 | | 1,749 | |
Other repossessed assets | | 91 | | 52 | |
Total non-performing assets | | $ | 18,042 | | $ | 10,690 | |
| | | | | |
Interest income that would have been earned on non-performing loans | | $ | 845 | | $ | 696 | |
Interest income recognized on non-performing loans | | 93 | | 188 | |
Ratios: Non-performing loans to total loans | | | | | |
(excluding loans held for sale) | | 1.41 | % | 1.16 | % |
Non-performing assets to total loans | | | | | |
(excluding loans held for sale) | | 2.07 | % | 1.39 | % |
Non-performing loans increased $3.4 million to $12.3 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $8.9 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in non-accrual loans consist primarily of two credit relationships totaling $4.1 million and $751,000. These credit relationships are well secured by real estate and we have provided adequate allowance based on current information.
Non-performing assets for the 2008 period include $841,000 in restructured commercial, mortgage and consumer loans. Restructured loans primarily consist of four credit relationships with balances of $298,000, $219,000, $141,000 and $120,000. The terms of these loans have been renegotiated to reduce the rate of interest and extend the term, thus reducing the amount of cash flow required from the borrower to service the loans. The borrowers are currently meeting the terms of the restructured loans. The decrease in restructured loans from December 31, 2007 was primarily due to the removal of one credit relationship totaling $2.0 million from the restructured loan category since the terms of the loan are now substantially equivalent to terms on which loans with comparable risks are being made and the borrower has performed per the terms of the contract.
Investment Securities
Interest on securities provides us our largest source of interest income after interest on loans, constituting 3.2% of the total interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The securities portfolio serves as a source of liquidity and earnings and contributes to the management of interest rate risk. We have the authority to invest in various types of liquid assets, including short-term United States Treasury obligations and securities of various federal agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate bonds, certificates of deposit at insured savings and loans and banks, bankers’ acceptances, and federal funds. We may also invest a portion of our assets in certain commercial paper and corporate debt securities. We are also authorized to invest in mutual funds and stocks whose assets conform to the investments that we are authorized to make directly. The available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment portfolios decreased by $14.9 million during the 2008 period as securities were called for redemption in accordance with their terms due to decreasing rates. The FSB Bancshares, Inc. acquisition contributed approximately $2.5 million in held-to-maturity federal agencies and obligations of states and political subdivisions. We also purchased $524,000 in equity securities during the September 2008 period.
We review all unrealized losses at least on a quarterly basis to determine whether the losses are other than temporary and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. We consider the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and our intent and ability to retain the investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, we may consider whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition.
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The unrealized losses on our temporarily impaired debt securities are a result of changes in interest rates for fixed-rate securities where the interest rate received is less than the current rate available for new offerings of similar securities. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because we have the ability and intent to hold these investments until recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2008.
We have evaluated the decline in the fair value of our trust preferred securities, which is directly related to the credit and liquidity crisis being experienced in the financial services industry over the past year. The trust preferred securities market is currently inactive making the valuation of trust preferred securities very difficult. The trust preferred securities are valued by management using unobservable inputs (i.e., Level 3 inputs under SFAS No. 157) through a discounted cash flow analysis as permitted under SFAS 157 and using the expected cash flows appropriately discounted using present value techniques. Refer to Note 6 — Fair Value for more information.
All of our trust preferred securities remain investment grade with the exception of PreTSL XXI and have continued to pay interest as scheduled through September 30, 2008, and are expected to continue paying interest as scheduled. We believe the cash flows of our trust preferred securities, as discounted, appropriately reflect the estimated fair value of the securities. Management has analyzed this portfolio to determine whether the decline is other than temporary and has concluded that only temporary impairment exists. See Note 2 – Securities for more information. Management will continue to evaluate these securities for impairment quarterly. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, we have reflected the current period temporary fair value decline in stockholders’ equity through comprehensive income.
We recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $216,000 during the second quarter on certain equity securities with a cost basis of $840,000. Management believes this impairment was primarily attributable to current economic conditions. Since recovery does not appear likely in the near future, we recognized the impairment losses. Previously, we recognized the decline in market value of these equity securities in stockholders’ equity through comprehensive income. We continue to monitor these holdings.
Deposits
We rely primarily on providing excellent customer service and long-standing relationships with customers to attract and retain deposits. Market interest rates and rates on deposit products offered by competing financial institutions can significantly affect our ability to attract and retain deposits. In conjunction with our initiatives to expand and enhance our retail branch network, we emphasize growing our customer checking account base to better enhance profitability and franchise value. Total deposits increased $87.7 million year to date compared to December 31, 2007. The recent acquisition of FSB Bancshares, Inc. contributed approximately $55.8 million in deposits. Retail and commercial deposits increased $105.7 million which was offset by an $18.0 million decrease in public funds and brokered certificates for the 2008 period. Brokered deposits were $15.4 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $24.3 million at December 31, 2007.
The following table breaks down our deposits.
| | September 30, | | December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | 2007 | |
| | (In Thousands) | |
| | | | | |
Non-interest bearing | | $ | 63,051 | | $ | 46,978 | |
NOW demand | | 98,900 | | 79,133 | |
Savings | | 106,295 | | 91,249 | |
Money market | | 42,428 | | 49,306 | |
Certificates of deposit | | 466,247 | | 422,577 | |
| | $ | 776,921 | | $ | 689,243 | |
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Short-Term Borrowings
We have the ability to obtain short-term borrowings, consisting of federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. We had short-term borrowings of $65.3 million and $68.2 million from the FHLB of Cincinnati at September 30, 2008 and 2007. These borrowings averaged a rate of 2.59% and 5.50% for 2008 and 2007.
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank
Deposits are the primary source of funds for our lending and investment activities and for our general business purposes. We can also use advances (borrowings) from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) of Cincinnati to compensate for reductions in deposits or deposit inflows at less than projected levels. Advances from the FHLB are secured by our stock in the FHLB, certain securities, certain commercial real estate loans and substantially all of our first mortgage, multi-family and open end home equity loans. At September 30, 2008 we had $53.0 million in advances outstanding from the FHLB and the capacity to increase our borrowings an additional $38.4 million.
Subordinated Debentures
On June 24, 2008, First Federal Statutory Trust III, an unconsolidated trust subsidiary of First Financial Service Corporation, issued $8.0 million in trust preferred securities. The trust loaned the proceeds of the offering to us in exchange for junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures which we used to finance the purchase of FSB Bancshares, Inc. In accordance with FASB Interpretation 46, the trust is not consolidated with our financial statements but rather the subordinated debentures are shown as a liability. The subordinated debentures, which mature on June 24, 2038, can be called at par in whole or in part on or after June 24, 2018. The subordinated debentures pay a fixed rate of 8% for thirty years. We have the option to defer interest payments on the subordinated debt from time to time for a period not to exceed five consecutive years. The subordinated debentures are considered as Tier I capital for the Corporation under current regulatory guidelines.
In 2002, another trust we formed completed a private placement of 10,000 shares of cumulative trust preferred securities with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per security for a total outstanding of $10.0 million. These securities pay distributions of interest. On March 26, 2007 we called the $10.0 million in subordinated debentures adjustable quarterly at LIBOR plus 360 basis points (8.97% on March 26, 2007) and issued new 30 year cumulative trust preferred securities at a 10 year fixed rate of 6.69% adjusting quarterly thereafter at LIBOR plus 160 basis points. The subordinated debentures, which mature March 22, 2037, can be called at par in whole or in part on or after March 15, 2017. We have the option to defer interest payments on the subordinated debt from time to time for a period not to exceed five consecutive years. The subordinated debentures are considered as Tier I capital for the Corporation under current regulatory guidelines.
The trust loaned the proceeds of the offering to us in exchange for junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures. In accordance with FASB Interpretation 46, the trust is not consolidated with our financial statements but rather the subordinated debentures are shown as a liability.
LIQUIDITY
Liquidity risk arises from the possibility we may not be able to satisfy current or future financial commitments, or may become unduly reliant on alternative funding sources. The objective of liquidity risk management is to ensure that we can meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers, as well as our operating cash needs, at a reasonable cost, taking into account all on- and off-balance sheet funding demands. We maintain an investment and funds management policy, which identifies the primary sources of liquidity, establishes procedures for monitoring and measuring liquidity, and establishes minimum liquidity requirements in compliance with regulatory guidance. The Asset Liability Committee continually monitors our liquidity position.
Our sources of funds include the sale of securities in the available-for-sale portion of the investment portfolio, the payment of principal on loans and mortgage-backed securities, proceeds realized from loans held for sale, brokered deposits and other wholesale funding. We also secured federal funds borrowing lines from four of our correspondent banks. Two of the lines are for $15 million each and the other two are for $5 million each. Our banking centers also provide access to retail deposit markets. If large certificate depositors shift to our competitors or other markets in response to interest rate changes, we have the ability to replenish those deposits through alternative funding sources. Traditionally, we have also borrowed from the FHLB to supplement our funding requirements. At September 30, 2008, we had an unused approved line of credit in the amount of $97.0 million and sufficient collateral available to borrow, approximately, an additional $38.4 million in advances from
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the FHLB. We believe our sources of liquidity are adequate to meet expected cash needs for the foreseeable future.
At the holding company level, the Corporation uses cash to pay dividends to stockholders, repurchase common stock, make selected investments and acquisitions, and service debt. The main sources o f funding for the Corporation include dividends from the Bank, borrowings and access to the capital markets.
The primary source of funding for the Corporation has been dividends and returns of investment from the Bank. Kentucky banking laws limit the amount of dividends that may be paid to the Corporation by the Bank without prior approval of the KOFI. Under these laws, the amount of dividends that may be paid in any calendar year is limited to current year’s net income, as defined in the laws, combined with the retained net income of the preceding two years, less any dividends declared during those periods. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had approximately $13.9 million of retained earnings that could be used to pay dividends without prior regulatory approval. Because of these limitations, consolidated cash flows as presented in the consolidated statements of cash flows may not represent cash immediately available to the Corporation. During 2008, the Bank declared and paid dividends of $9.5 million to the Corporation. Included in the total dividend payment was $6.0 million in dividends that were used to finance the purchase of FSB Bancshares, Inc.
CAPITAL
Stockholders’ equity increased $996,000 for the period ended September 30, 2008 compared to December 31, 2007 primarily due to net income earned during the period. This increase was reduced by cash dividends declared and the net change in unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale during the period. Average stockholders’ equity to average assets ratio decreased to 8.21% for the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 compared to 8.59% for 2007.
During the first nine months of 2008, we did not purchase any shares of our own common stock. The current repurchase program authorizes the repurchase of 398,601 shares from time-to-time if market conditions are deemed favorable. The repurchase program will remain effective until the number of shares authorized is repurchased or until the program expires. As of September 30, 2008, 242,560 shares could be repurchased under the current stock repurchase program.
Each of the federal bank regulatory agencies has established minimum leverage capital requirements for banks. Banks must maintain a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to adjusted average quarterly assets ranging from 3% to 5%, subject to federal bank regulatory evaluation of an organization’s overall safety and soundness. We intend to maintain a capital position that meets or exceeds the “well capitalized” requirements as defined for banks by the FDIC. The following table shows the ratios of Tier 1 capital and total capital to risk-adjusted assets and the leverage ratios for the Corporation and the Bank as of September 30, 2008.
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| | | | | | | | | | To Be Considered | |
| | | | | | | | | | Well Capitalized | |
| | | | | | | | | | Under Prompt | |
| | | | | | For Capital | | Correction | |
| | Actual | | Adequacy Purposes | | Action Provisions | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | |
As of September 30, 2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total risk-based capital (to risk- weighted assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 90,795 | | 10.6 | % | $ | 68,660 | | 8.0 | % | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 89,136 | | 10.4 | | 68,533 | | 8.0 | | $ | 85,666 | | 10 | % |
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | 80,288 | | 9.4 | | 34,330 | | 4.0 | | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 78,621 | | 9.2 | | 34,266 | | 4.0 | | 51,399 | | 6 | % |
Tier I capital (to average assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | 80,288 | | 8.3 | | 38,668 | | 4.0 | | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 78,621 | | 8.1 | | 38,631 | | 4.0 | | 48,289 | | 5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | To Be Considered | |
| | | | | | | | | | Well Capitalized | |
| | | | | | | | | | Under Prompt | |
| | | | | | For Capital | | Correction | |
| | Actual | | Adequacy Purposes | | Action Provisions | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | |
As of December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total risk-based capital (to risk- weighted assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | $ | 83,310 | | 10.9 | % | $ | 61,405 | | 8.0 | % | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 80,176 | | 10.5 | | 61,220 | | 8.0 | | $ | 76,526 | | 10.0 | |
Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | 75,388 | | 9.8 | | 30,703 | | 4.0 | | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 72,126 | | 9.4 | | 30,610 | | 4.0 | | 45,915 | | 6.0 | |
Tier I capital (to average assets) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated | | 75,388 | | 8.7 | | 34,661 | | 4.0 | | N/A | | N/A | |
Bank | | 72,126 | | 8.3 | | 34,661 | | 4.0 | | 43,326 | | 5.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Asset/Liability Management and Market Risk
To minimize the volatility of net interest income and exposure to economic loss that may result from fluctuating interest rates, we manage our exposure to adverse changes in interest rates through asset and liability management activities within guidelines established by our Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”). The ALCO, which includes senior management representatives, has the responsibility for approving and ensuring compliance with asset/liability management policies. Interest rate risk is the exposure to adverse changes in the net interest income as a result of market fluctuations in interest rates. The ALCO, on an ongoing basis, monitors interest rate and liquidity risk in order to implement appropriate funding and balance sheet strategies. Management considers interest rate risk to be our most significant market risk.
We utilize an earnings simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity. We then evaluate potential changes in market interest rates and their subsequent effects on net interest income. The model projects the effect of instantaneous movements in interest rates of both 100 and 200 basis points. We also incorporate assumptions based on the historical behavior of our deposit rates and balances in relation to changes in interest rates into the model. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the model cannot precisely measure future net interest income or precisely predict the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from the model’s simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and the application and timing of various management strategies.
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Our interest sensitivity profile was asset sensitive at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. Given a sustained 100 basis point decrease in rates, our base net interest income would decrease by an estimated 1.91% at September 30, 2008 compared to a decrease of 1.10% at December 31, 2007. Given a 100 basis point increase in interest rates our base net interest income would increase by an estimated 2.09% at September 30, 2008 compared to an increase of 1.09% at December 31, 2007.
Our interest sensitivity at any point in time will be affected by a number of factors. These factors include the mix of interest sensitive assets and liabilities, their relative pricing schedules, market interest rates, deposit growth, loan growth, decay rates and prepayment speed assumptions.
We use various asset/liability strategies to manage the re-pricing characteristics of our assets and liabilities designed to ensure that exposure to interest rate fluctuations is limited within our guidelines of acceptable levels of risk-taking. As demonstrated by the September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 sensitivity tables, our balance sheet has an asset sensitive position. This means that our earning assets, which consist of loans and investment securities, will change in price at a faster rate than our deposits and borrowings. Therefore, if short term interest rates increase, our net interest income will increase. Likewise, if short term interest rates decrease, our net interest income will decrease.
Our sensitivity to interest rate changes is presented based on data as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 annualized to a one year period.
| | September 30, 2008 | |
| | Decrease in Rates | | | | Increase in Rates | |
| | 200 | | 100 | | | | 100 | | 200 | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Basis Points | | Basis Points | | Base | | Basis Points | | Basis Points | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected interest income | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 52,411 | | $ | 53,871 | | $ | 55,318 | | $ | 56,862 | | $ | 58,390 | |
Investments | | 1,564 | | 1,651 | | 1,725 | | 1,806 | | 1,878 | |
Total interest income | | 53,975 | | 55,522 | | 57,043 | | 58,668 | | 60,268 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | 18,144 | | 18,742 | | 19,280 | | 19,863 | | 20,418 | |
Borrowed funds | | 5,018 | | 4,650 | | 5,008 | | 5,364 | | 5,719 | |
Total interest expense | | 23,162 | | 23,392 | | 24,288 | | 25,227 | | 26,137 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | $ | 30,813 | | $ | 32,130 | | $ | 32,755 | | $ | 33,441 | | $ | 34,131 | |
Change from base | | $ | (1,942 | ) | $ | (625 | ) | | | $ | 686 | | $ | 1,376 | |
% Change from base | | (5.93 | )% | (1.91 | )% | | | 2.09 | % | 4.20 | % |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Decrease in Rates | | | | Increase in Rates | |
| | 200 | | 100 | | | | 100 | | 200 | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Basis Points | | Basis Points | | Base | | Basis Points | | Basis Points | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected interest income | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans | | $ | 54,208 | | $ | 55,624 | | $ | 57,011 | | $ | 58,344 | | $ | 59,644 | |
Investments | | 2,319 | | 2,351 | | 2,376 | | 2,407 | | 2,439 | |
Total interest income | | 56,527 | | 57,975 | | 59,387 | | 60,751 | | 62,083 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected interest expense | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | 20,995 | | 21,856 | | 22,733 | | 23,572 | | 24,485 | |
Borrowed funds | | 3,481 | | 3,656 | | 3,829 | | 3,997 | | 4,166 | |
Total interest expense | | 24,476 | | 25,512 | | 26,562 | | 27,569 | | 28,651 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | $ | 32,051 | | $ | 32,463 | | $ | 32,825 | | $ | 33,182 | | $ | 33,432 | |
Change from base | | $ | (774 | ) | $ | (362 | ) | | | $ | 357 | | $ | 607 | |
% Change from base | | (2.36 | )% | (1.10 | )% | | | 1.09 | % | 1.85 | % |
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Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures related to the application of SFAS No. 114 “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan” were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a certain transaction. Specifically, this transaction related to the use of a wrong value obtained from an appraisal on one commercial real estate loan in determining the amount of impairment change needed to be taken by the Company. This transaction was identified after discussion with the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. Management has made modifications to the internal control procedures for determining write-downs on impaired loans to remediate this deficiency and anticipates that such controls will operate effectively for the remainder of 2008.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, with our company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision making can be faulty, that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes, and that controls can be circumvented by the acts of individuals or groups. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II - - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | | Legal Proceedings |
| | |
| | Although, from time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings in the normal course of business, there are no material pending legal proceedings to which we are a party, or to which any of our property is subject. |
| | |
Item 1A. | | Risk Factors |
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| | We did not have any changes to our risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. |
| | |
Item 2. | | Unregistered Sales of Securities and Use of Proceeds |
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| | (e) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
| | |
| | We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock during the quarter ended September 30, 2008. |
| | |
Item 3. | | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
| | |
| | Not Applicable |
| | |
Item 4. | | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
| | |
| | None |
| | |
Item 5. | | Other Information |
| | |
| | None |
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Item 6. | | Exhibits: |
| | |
| | 31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
| | | |
| | 31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
| | | |
| | 32 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
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FIRST FINANCIAL SERVICE CORPORATION
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: November 10, 2008 | By: | /s/ B. Keith Johnson |
| | B. Keith Johnson |
| | Chief Executive Officer |
| | |
| | |
Date: November 10, 2008 | By: | /s/ Steven M. Zagar |
| | Steven M. Zagar |
| | Chief Financial Officer & |
| | Principal Accounting Officer |
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
| | |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
| | |
32 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
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