Revenue from Contracts with Customers | Revenue from Contracts with Customers Upon adoption of ASC 606, we recorded a decrease in accumulated deficit of $431.9 million ( $367.4 million , net of tax) due to the cumulative effect of the ASC 606 adoption, with the impact primarily derived from revenue related to on-premise subscription software licenses. Nature of Products and Services Our sources of revenue include: (1) subscription, (2) perpetual license, (3) perpetual support and (4) professional services. Revenue is derived from the licensing of computer software products and from related support and/or professional services contracts. We enter into contracts that include combinations of products, support and professional services, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations with differing revenue recognition patterns. Performance Obligation When Performance Obligation is Typically Satisfied Term-based subscriptions On-premise software licenses Point in Time: Upon the later of when the software is made available or the subscription term commences Support and cloud-based offerings Over Time: Ratably over the contractual term; commencing upon the later of when the software is made available or the subscription term commences Perpetual software licenses Point in Time: when the software is made available Support for perpetual software licenses Over Time: Ratably over the contractual term Professional services Over time: As services are provided Judgments and Estimates Our contracts with customers for subscriptions typically include commitments to transfer term-based on-premise software licenses bundled with support and/or cloud services. On-premise software is determined to be a distinct performance obligation from support which is sold for the same term of the subscription. For subscription arrangements which include cloud services, we assessed whether the cloud component was highly interrelated with on-premise term software licenses. Other than a limited population of subscriptions, the cloud component is not currently deemed to be interrelated with the on-premise term software and, as a result, cloud services will be accounted for as a distinct performance obligation from the software and support components of the subscription. Judgment is required to allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation. We use the estimated standalone selling price method to allocate the transaction price for items that are not sold separately. The estimated standalone selling price is determined using all information reasonably available to us, including market conditions and other observable inputs. The corresponding revenues are recognized as the related performance obligations are satisfied. We determined that 50% to 55% of the estimated standalone selling price for subscriptions that contain distinct license and support performance obligations are attributable to software licenses and 45% to 50% , depending upon the product offering, is attributable to support for those licenses. Our multi-year, non-cancellable on-premise subscription contracts provide customers with an annual right to exchange software within the original subscription with other software. Although the exchange right is limited to software products within a similar product grouping, the exchange right is not limited to products with substantially similar features and functionality as those originally delivered. We determined that this right to exchange previously delivered software for different software represents variable consideration to be accounted for as a liability. We have identified a standard portfolio of contracts with common characteristics and applied the expected value method of determining variable consideration associated with this right. Additionally, where there are isolated situations that are outside of the standard portfolio of contracts due to contract size, longer contract duration, or other unique contractual terms, we used the most likely amount method to determine the amount of variable consideration. In both circumstances, the amount of variable consideration included in the transaction price is constrained by an amount where it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. As of March 30, 2019 , the total refund liability was $23.4 million , primarily associated with the annual right to exchange on-premise subscription software. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities March 30, 2019 October 1, 2018, as adjusted (in thousands) Contract asset $ 19,628 $ 26,265 Deferred revenue $ 391,807 $ 357,490 As of March 30, 2019 , our contract assets are expected to be transferred to receivables within the next 12 months and therefore are included in other current assets. Approximately $14.1 million of the October 1, 2018 contract asset balance was transferred to receivables during the six months ended March 30, 2019 as a result of the right to payment becoming unconditional. The majority of both the contract asset balance and the amounts transferred to receivables relates to two large professional services contracts with invoicing terms based on performance milestones. Additions to contract assets of approximately $7.5 million related to revenue recognized in the period, net of period billings. There were no impairments of contract assets during the six months ended March 30, 2019 . During the six months ended March 30, 2019 , $246.1 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue opening balance was recognized. There were additional deferrals of $280.4 million , which were primarily related to new billings. Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract The new revenue recognition standard requires the capitalization of certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which impacts the period in which we record our commission expense. Prior to our adoption of the new revenue standard, we recognized commissions expense as incurred. Under the new revenue recognition standard, we are required to recognize these expenses over the period of benefit associated with these costs. This results in a deferral of certain commission expenses each period. Upon adoption, we reduced our accumulated deficit by $70.0 million and recognized an offsetting asset for deferred commission related to contracts that were not completed prior to October 1, 2018. We recognize an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the benefit of those costs is expected to be longer than one year. These deferred costs are amortized proportionately related to revenue over five years, which is generally longer than the term of the initial contract because of anticipated renewals as commissions for renewals are not commensurate with commissions related to our initial contracts. As of March 30, 2019 , deferred costs of $20.1 million were included in other current assets and $57.6 million were included in other assets (non-current). As the revenue recognition pattern has changed under ASC 606, the costs to fulfill contracts has also changed to match this pattern of expense recognition. As of October 1, 2018, this resulted in a $2.8 million increase in our accumulated deficit with recognition of an offsetting current liability. Remaining Performance Obligations Our contracts with customers include amounts allocated to performance obligations that will be satisfied at a later date. The amounts include additional performance obligations that are not yet recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. As of March 30, 2019 , amounts allocated to these additional contractual obligations are $883.7 million , of which we expect to recognize approximately 90% over the next 24 months , with the remaining amount thereafter. Disaggregation of Revenue Three months ended Six months ended As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 March 30, 2019 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 March 30, 2019 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 Revenue (in thousands) Subscription license $ 51,540 $ 115,057 Subscription support & cloud services 83,228 160,652 Total Subscription 134,768 $ 162,070 $ 112,931 275,709 $ 310,483 $ 212,939 Perpetual support 104,417 103,564 126,683 214,914 212,789 257,880 Total recurring revenue 239,185 265,634 239,614 490,623 523,272 470,819 Perpetual license 10,336 11,267 22,839 52,141 53,017 56,824 Total software revenue 249,521 276,901 262,453 542,764 576,289 527,643 Professional services 40,930 38,598 45,430 82,376 77,967 86,884 Total revenue $ 290,451 $ 315,499 $ 307,883 $ 625,140 $ 654,256 $ 614,527 For further disaggregation of revenue by geographic region and product area see Note 11. Segment and Geographic Information . Practical Expedients We elected certain practical expedients with the adoption of the new revenue standard. We do not account for significant financing components if the period between revenue recognition and when the customer pays for the products or services will be one year or less. Additionally, we recognize revenue equal to the amount we have a right to invoice, when the amount corresponds directly with the value to the customer of our performance date. Transition Disclosures In accordance with the modified retrospective method transition requirements, we will present the financial statement line items impacted and adjusted to compare to presentation under ASC 605 for each of the interim and annual periods during the first year of adoption of ASC 606. The following tables present our Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations as reported under ASC 606 for the current period with comparative periods reported under ASC 605: As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 March 30, March 30, September 30, ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 294,299 $ 294,299 $ 259,946 Short-term marketable securities 25,428 25,428 25,836 Accounts receivable (1) 352,217 110,510 129,297 Prepaid expenses 66,210 66,509 48,997 Other current assets (2) 52,448 153,687 169,708 Total current assets 790,602 650,433 633,784 Property and equipment, net 106,837 106,837 80,613 Goodwill 1,229,541 1,229,541 1,182,457 Acquired intangible assets, net 192,372 192,372 200,202 Long-term marketable securities 30,987 30,987 30,115 Deferred tax assets (3) 195,884 228,776 165,566 Other assets (4) 169,596 41,750 36,285 Total assets $ 2,715,819 $ 2,480,696 $ 2,329,022 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 36,685 $ 36,685 $ 53,473 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (5) 100,319 73,719 74,388 Accrued compensation and benefits 73,408 73,408 101,784 Accrued income taxes (3) 6,579 1,181 18,044 Deferred revenue (6) 381,392 545,168 487,590 Total current liabilities 598,383 730,161 735,279 Long-term debt 738,700 738,700 643,268 Deferred tax liabilities (3) 36,326 6,079 5,589 Deferred revenue (6) 10,415 8,541 11,852 Other liabilities 84,287 84,287 58,445 Total liabilities 1,468,111 1,567,768 1,454,433 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock — — — Common stock 1,181 1,181 1,180 Additional paid-in capital 1,523,949 1,523,949 1,558,403 Accumulated deficit (182,298 ) (519,930 ) (599,409 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss (95,124 ) (92,272 ) (85,585 ) Total stockholders’ equity 1,247,708 912,928 874,589 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 2,715,819 $ 2,480,696 $ 2,329,022 The changes in balance sheet accounts due to the adoption of ASC 606 are due primarily to the following: (1) Up front license recognition under our subscription contracts and billed but uncollected support and subscription receivables that had corresponding deferred revenue, which were included in other current assets prior to our adoption of ASC 606. (2) Contract assets and capitalized commission costs. (3) The tax effect of the accumulated deficit impact related to the acceleration of revenue and deferral of costs (primarily commissions). (4) The long-term portion of unbilled receivables due to the acceleration of license revenue on multi-year subscription contracts and the long-term portion of capitalized commission costs. (5) Refund liability, primarily associated with the annual right to exchange on-premise subscription software described above in Judgments and Estimates . (6) The decrease in deferred revenue recorded to accumulated deficit upon adoption of ASC 606 primarily related to on-premise subscription software licenses. Three months ended Six months ended As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 March 30, March 30, March 31, March 30, March 30, March 31, Revenue: License (1) $ 61,876 $ 156,131 $ 120,505 $ 167,198 $ 330,036 $ 240,023 Support and cloud services (1) 187,645 120,770 141,948 375,566 246,253 287,620 Total software revenue 249,521 276,901 262,453 542,764 576,289 527,643 Professional services 40,930 38,598 45,430 82,376 77,967 86,884 Total revenue 290,451 315,499 307,883 625,140 654,256 614,527 Cost of revenue: Cost of license revenue 12,875 12,245 11,854 25,438 24,592 23,968 Cost of support and cloud services revenue 32,874 32,977 34,335 64,071 63,607 68,837 Total cost of software revenue 45,749 45,222 46,189 89,509 88,199 92,805 Cost of professional services revenue 34,155 32,745 37,519 67,747 64,964 73,938 Total cost of revenue (2) 79,904 77,967 83,708 157,256 153,163 166,743 Gross margin 210,547 237,532 224,175 467,884 501,093 447,784 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing (3) 103,722 109,421 98,390 207,940 216,725 197,765 Research and development 61,402 61,402 62,197 122,184 122,184 126,169 General and administrative 35,371 35,371 33,369 73,235 73,235 68,389 Amortization of acquired intangible assets 5,930 5,930 7,895 11,866 11,866 15,716 Restructuring and other charges, net 26,980 26,980 114 45,473 45,473 219 Total operating expenses 233,405 239,104 201,965 460,698 469,483 408,258 Operating income (22,858 ) (1,572 ) 22,210 7,186 31,610 39,526 Interest expense (11,383 ) (11,383 ) (10,379 ) (21,659 ) (21,659 ) (20,426 ) Other income (expense), net 821 1,065 (285 ) 1,475 1,613 (1,083 ) Income (loss) before income taxes (33,420 ) (11,890 ) 11,546 (12,998 ) 11,564 18,017 Provision (benefit) for income taxes (4) 10,093 140 3,624 9,530 4,346 (3,782 ) Net income (loss) $ (43,513 ) $ (12,030 ) $ 7,922 $ (22,528 ) $ 7,218 $ 21,799 (1) The reduction in license revenue and increase in support revenue is a result of the support component of subscription licenses which is included in license revenue under ASC 605. Additionally, for the three months ended March 30, 2019 , license revenue decreased by approximately $58.3 million as a result of the revenue recorded to accumulated deficit, which would have been recognized during the period and approximately $15.0 million as a result of revenue recognized during the first quarter of 2019 which would have been recognized during the period. For the six months ended March 30, 2019 , license revenue decreased by approximately $123.3 million as a result of the revenue recorded to accumulated deficit which would have been recognized during the period. This was partially offset by approximately $48.5 million and $92.0 million of upfront license revenue recognition on new and renewal bookings for the three- and six-months ending March 30, 2019 , respectively. (2) Cost of revenue under ASC 606 is higher than under ASC 605 due to the treatment of deferred professional services costs under the new accounting guidance, partially offset by the timing of revenue recognition under ASC 606 resulting in lower associated royalty costs. (3) Sales and marketing costs are lower under ASC 606 due to the amortization of commissions costs capitalized upon adoption of ASC 606, offset by the deferral of ongoing commission expenses under the new accounting guidance. (4) The benefit for income taxes under ASC 606 includes indirect effects of the adoption. |