Revenue from Contracts with Customers | Revenue from Contracts with Customers Upon adoption of ASC 606, we recorded a decrease in accumulated deficit of $431.9 million ( $367.4 million , net of tax) due to the cumulative effect of the ASC 606 adoption, with the impact primarily derived from revenue related to on-premise subscription software licenses. Nature of Products and Services Our sources of revenue include: (1) subscription, (2) perpetual license, (3) perpetual support and (4) professional services. Revenue is derived from the licensing of computer software products and from related support and/or professional services contracts. We enter into contracts that include combinations of products, support and professional services, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations with differing revenue recognition patterns. Performance Obligation When Performance Obligation is Typically Satisfied Term-based subscriptions On-premise software licenses Point in Time: Upon the later of when the software is made available or the subscription term commences Support and cloud-based offerings Over Time: Ratably over the contractual term; commencing upon the later of when the software is made available or the subscription term commences Perpetual software licenses Point in Time: when the software is made available Support for perpetual software licenses Over Time: Ratably over the contractual term Professional services Over time: As services are provided Judgments and Estimates Our contracts with customers for subscriptions typically include commitments to transfer term-based on-premise software licenses bundled with support and/or cloud services. On-premise software is determined to be a distinct performance obligation from support which is sold for the same term of the subscription. For subscription arrangements which include cloud services, we assess whether the cloud component is highly interrelated with on-premise term software licenses. Other than a limited population of subscriptions, the cloud component is not currently deemed to be interrelated with the on-premise term software and, as a result, cloud services are accounted for as a distinct performance obligation from the software and support components of the subscription. Judgment is required to allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation. We use the estimated standalone selling price method to allocate the transaction price for items that are not sold separately. The estimated standalone selling price is determined using all information reasonably available to us, including market conditions and other observable inputs. The corresponding revenues are recognized as the related performance obligations are satisfied. We determined that 50% to 55% of the estimated standalone selling price for subscriptions that contain distinct license and support performance obligations are attributable to software licenses and 45% to 50% , depending upon the product offering, is attributable to support for those licenses. Our multi-year, non-cancellable on-premise subscription contracts provide customers with an annual right to exchange software within the original subscription with other software. Although the exchange right is limited to software products within a similar product grouping, the exchange right is not limited to products with substantially similar features and functionality as those originally delivered. We determined that this right to exchange previously delivered software for different software represents variable consideration to be accounted for as a liability. We have identified a standard portfolio of contracts with common characteristics and applied the expected value method of determining variable consideration associated with this right. Additionally, where there are isolated situations that are outside of the standard portfolio of contracts due to contract size, longer contract duration, or other unique contractual terms, we use the most likely amount method to determine the amount of variable consideration. In both circumstances, the amount of variable consideration included in the transaction price is constrained by an amount where it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. As of June 29, 2019 , the total refund liability was $21.5 million , primarily associated with the annual right to exchange on-premise subscription software. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities June 29, 2019 October 1, 2018, as adjusted (in thousands) Contract asset $ 22,808 $ 26,265 Deferred revenue $ 382,579 $ 357,490 As of June 29, 2019 , our contract assets are expected to be transferred to receivables within the next 12 months and therefore are included in other current assets. Approximately $14.6 million of the October 1, 2018 contract asset balance was transferred to receivables during the nine months ended June 29, 2019 as a result of the right to payment becoming unconditional. The majority of both the contract asset balance and the amounts transferred to receivables relates to two large professional services contracts with invoicing terms based on performance milestones. Additions to contract assets of approximately $11.1 million related to revenue recognized in the period, net of billings. There were no impairments of contract assets during the nine months ended June 29, 2019 . During the three and nine months ended June 29, 2019 , $54.7 million and $300.8 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue opening balance was recognized, respectively. There were additional deferrals of $325.9 million , which were primarily related to new billings. Costs to Obtain or Fulfill a Contract The new revenue recognition standard requires the capitalization of certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which impacts the period in which we record our commission expense. Prior to our adoption of the new revenue standard, we recognized commissions expense as incurred. Under the new revenue recognition standard, we are required to recognize these expenses over the period of benefit associated with these costs. This results in a deferral of certain commission expenses each period. Upon adoption, we reduced our accumulated deficit by $70.0 million and recognized an offsetting asset for deferred commission related to contracts that were not completed prior to October 1, 2018. We recognize an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the benefit of those costs is expected to be longer than one year. These deferred costs are amortized proportionately related to revenue over five years, which is generally longer than the term of the initial contract because of anticipated renewals as commissions for renewals are not commensurate with commissions related to our initial contracts. As of June 29, 2019 , deferred costs of $23.0 million were included in other current assets and $60.1 million were included in other assets (non-current). As the revenue recognition pattern has changed under ASC 606, the costs to fulfill contracts has also changed to match this pattern of recognition. As of October 1, 2018, this resulted in a $2.8 million increase in our accumulated deficit with recognition of an offsetting current liability. Remaining Performance Obligations Our contracts with customers include amounts allocated to performance obligations that will be satisfied at a later date. The amounts include additional performance obligations that are not yet recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. As of June 29, 2019 , amounts allocated to these additional contractual obligations are $862.7 million , of which we expect to recognize approximately 90% over the next 24 months , with the remaining amount thereafter. Disaggregation of Revenue Three months ended Nine months ended As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 June 29, 2019 June 29, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 29, 2019 June 29, 2019 June 30, 2018 Revenue (in thousands) Subscription license $ 53,705 $ 168,762 Subscription support & cloud services 90,159 250,811 Total Subscription 143,864 $ 171,631 $ 126,712 419,573 $ 482,114 $ 339,651 Perpetual support 100,328 99,664 121,127 315,242 312,453 379,007 Total recurring revenue 244,192 271,295 247,839 734,815 794,567 718,658 Perpetual license 9,213 10,644 25,780 61,354 63,661 82,604 Total software revenue 253,405 281,939 273,619 796,169 858,228 801,262 Professional services 42,081 40,471 41,158 124,457 118,438 128,041 Total revenue $ 295,486 $ 322,410 $ 314,777 $ 920,626 $ 976,666 $ 929,303 For further disaggregation of revenue by geographic region and product group see Note 11. Segment and Geographic Information . Practical Expedients We elected certain practical expedients with the adoption of the new revenue standard. We do not account for significant financing components if the period between revenue recognition and when the customer pays for the products or services is one year or less. Additionally, we recognize revenue equal to the amount we have a right to invoice, when the amount corresponds directly with the value to the customer of our performance date. Transition Disclosures In accordance with the modified retrospective method transition requirements, we will present the financial statement line items impacted and adjusted to compare to presentation under ASC 605 for each of the interim and annual periods during the first year of adoption of ASC 606. The following tables present our Balance Sheets and Statements of Operations as reported under ASC 606 for the current period with comparative periods reported under ASC 605: As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 June 29, June 29, September 30, ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 267,862 $ 267,862 $ 259,946 Short-term marketable securities 33,073 33,073 25,836 Accounts receivable (1) 321,426 111,165 129,297 Prepaid expenses 69,819 75,504 48,997 Other current assets (2) 60,483 139,997 169,708 Total current assets 752,663 627,601 633,784 Property and equipment, net 107,752 107,752 80,613 Goodwill 1,245,084 1,245,084 1,182,457 Acquired intangible assets, net 183,180 183,180 200,202 Long-term marketable securities 21,553 21,553 30,115 Deferred tax assets (3) 189,371 222,477 165,566 Other assets (4) 148,998 41,121 36,285 Total assets $ 2,648,601 $ 2,448,768 $ 2,329,022 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 44,065 $ 44,065 $ 53,473 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (5) 95,790 71,506 74,388 Accrued compensation and benefits 78,854 78,854 101,784 Accrued income taxes (3) 8,222 4,135 18,044 Deferred revenue (6) 374,291 542,888 487,590 Total current liabilities 601,222 741,448 735,279 Long-term debt 698,916 698,916 643,268 Deferred tax liabilities (3) 37,354 6,635 5,589 Deferred revenue (6) 8,288 8,045 11,852 Other liabilities 87,226 87,226 58,445 Total liabilities 1,433,006 1,542,270 1,454,433 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock — — — Common stock 1,151 1,151 1,180 Additional paid-in capital 1,504,512 1,504,512 1,558,403 Accumulated deficit (197,056 ) (508,225 ) (599,409 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss (93,012 ) (90,940 ) (85,585 ) Total stockholders’ equity 1,215,595 906,498 874,589 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 2,648,601 $ 2,448,768 $ 2,329,022 The changes in balance sheet accounts due to the adoption of ASC 606 are due primarily to the following: (1) Up front license recognition under our subscription contracts and billed but uncollected support and subscription receivables that had corresponding deferred revenue, which were included in other current assets prior to our adoption of ASC 606. (2) Support and subscription receivables previously included in other current assets described in note (1) above, offset by contract assets and capitalized commission costs. (3) The tax effect of the accumulated deficit impact related to the acceleration of revenue and deferral of costs (primarily commissions). (4) The long-term portion of unbilled receivables due to the acceleration of license revenue on multi-year subscription contracts and the long-term portion of capitalized commission costs. (5) Refund liability, primarily associated with the annual right to exchange on-premise subscription software described above in Judgments and Estimates . (6) The decrease in deferred revenue recorded to accumulated deficit upon adoption of ASC 606 primarily related to on-premise subscription software licenses. Three months ended Nine months ended As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 As Reported ASC 606 ASC 605 As Reported ASC 605 June 29, June 29, June 30, June 29, June 29, June 30, Revenue: License (1) $ 62,918 $ 163,220 $ 136,568 $ 230,116 $ 493,256 $ 376,591 Support and cloud services (1) 190,487 118,719 137,051 566,053 364,972 424,671 Total software revenue 253,405 281,939 273,619 796,169 858,228 801,262 Professional services 42,081 40,471 41,158 124,457 118,438 128,041 Total revenue 295,486 322,410 314,777 920,626 976,666 929,303 Cost of revenue: Cost of license revenue 13,307 12,998 11,982 38,745 37,590 35,950 Cost of support and cloud services revenue 33,785 33,606 34,291 97,856 97,213 103,128 Total cost of software revenue 47,092 46,604 46,273 136,601 134,803 139,078 Cost of professional services revenue 35,613 34,629 35,360 103,360 99,593 109,298 Total cost of revenue (2) 82,705 81,233 81,633 239,961 234,396 248,376 Gross margin 212,781 241,177 233,144 680,665 742,270 680,927 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing (3) 108,202 113,533 107,801 316,142 330,258 305,566 Research and development 60,590 60,590 61,221 182,774 182,774 187,390 General and administrative 28,773 28,773 33,098 102,008 102,008 101,487 Amortization of acquired intangible assets 5,920 5,920 7,850 17,786 17,786 23,566 Restructuring and other charges, net (9 ) (9 ) 1,627 45,464 45,464 1,846 Total operating expenses 203,476 208,807 211,597 664,174 678,290 619,855 Operating income 9,305 32,370 21,547 16,491 63,980 61,072 Interest expense (10,816 ) (10,816 ) (10,646 ) (32,475 ) (32,475 ) (31,072 ) Other income (expense), net 1,026 736 (930 ) 2,501 2,349 (2,013 ) Income (loss) before income taxes (485 ) 22,290 9,971 (13,483 ) 33,854 27,987 Provision (benefit) for income taxes (4) 14,273 10,585 (7,026 ) 23,803 14,931 (10,809 ) Net income (loss) $ (14,758 ) $ 11,705 $ 16,997 $ (37,286 ) $ 18,923 $ 38,796 (1) The reduction in license revenue and increase in support revenue is a result of the support component of subscription licenses which is included in license revenue under ASC 605. Additionally, for the three months ended June 29, 2019 , license revenue decreased by approximately $49.8 million as a result of the revenue recorded to accumulated deficit, which would have been recognized during the third quarter of 2019 and approximately $28.7 million as a result of revenue recognized during the first two quarters of 2019 which would have been recognized during the third quarter of 2019. For the nine months ended June 29, 2019 , license revenue decreased by approximately $173.1 million as a result of the revenue recorded to accumulated deficit which would have been recognized during the period. This was partially offset by approximately $51.7 million and $115.1 million of upfront license revenue recognition on new and renewal bookings for the three and nine months ending June 29, 2019 , respectively. (2) Cost of revenue under ASC 606 is higher than under ASC 605 due to the treatment of deferred professional services costs under the new accounting guidance, partially offset by the timing of revenue recognition under ASC 606 resulting in lower associated royalty costs. (3) Sales and marketing costs are lower under ASC 606 due to the amortization of commissions costs capitalized upon adoption of ASC 606, offset by the deferral of ongoing commission expenses under the new accounting guidance. (4) The benefit for income taxes under ASC 606 includes indirect effects of the adoption. |