Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses | Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses Major classifications of the loan and lease portfolio (collectively referred to as the “loan portfolio” or “loans”) are summarized as of the dates indicated as follows (in thousands) . June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 2,149,371 $ 2,090,443 Income producing commercial real estate 2,550,243 2,540,750 Commercial & industrial (1) 2,234,646 2,498,560 Commercial construction 926,809 967,305 Equipment financing 968,805 863,830 Total commercial 8,829,874 8,960,888 Residential mortgage 1,472,608 1,284,920 HELOC 660,881 697,117 Residential construction 288,708 281,430 Consumer 138,675 146,460 Total loans 11,390,746 11,370,815 Less allowance for credit losses - loans (111,616) (137,010) Loans, net $ 11,279,130 $ 11,233,805 (1) Commercial and industrial loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 included $472 million and $646 million of PPP loans, respectively. Accrued interest receivable related to loans totaled $29.7 million and $35.5 million at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and was reported in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the loan portfolio was subject to blanket pledges on certain qualifying loan types with the FHLB and FRB to secure contingent funding sources. The following table presents loans held for investment that were sold in the periods indicated (in thousands). The gains and losses on these loan sales were included in noninterest income on the consolidated statements of income. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Guaranteed portion of SBA/USDA loans $ 32,303 $ 14,035 $ 43,648 $ 18,069 Equipment financing receivables 18,908 1,704 19,967 23,921 Total $ 51,211 $ 15,739 $ 63,615 $ 41,990 At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, equipment financing assets included leases of $37.8 million and $36.8 million, respectively. The components of the net investment in leases, which included both sales-type and direct financing, are presented below (in thousands) . June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Minimum future lease payments receivable $ 39,948 $ 38,934 Estimated residual value of leased equipment 3,269 3,263 Initial direct costs 668 672 Security deposits (672) (727) Purchase accounting premium 69 117 Unearned income (5,525) (5,457) Net investment in leases $ 37,757 $ 36,802 Minimum future lease payments expected to be received from equipment financing lease contracts as of June 30, 2021 were as follows (in thousands) : Year Remainder of 2021 $ 8,161 2022 13,830 2023 9,601 2024 5,161 2025 2,741 Thereafter 454 Total $ 39,948 Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in loans by aging category and accrual status as of the dates indicated (in thousands) . Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. The accrual of interest is generally discontinued when a loan becomes 90 days past due. Loans with active COVID-19 deferrals are not reported as past due to the extent they are in compliance with the deferral terms. Accruing Current Loans Loans Past Due 30 - 59 Days 60 - 89 Days > 90 Days Nonaccrual Loans Total Loans As of June 30, 2021 Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 2,141,403 $ 1,666 $ 174 $ — $ 6,128 $ 2,149,371 Income producing commercial real estate 2,536,332 592 219 — 13,100 2,550,243 Commercial & industrial 2,225,062 1,004 17 — 8,563 2,234,646 Commercial construction 925,376 199 5 — 1,229 926,809 Equipment financing 965,350 911 773 — 1,771 968,805 Total commercial 8,793,523 4,372 1,188 — 30,791 8,829,874 Residential mortgage 1,456,280 2,090 753 — 13,485 1,472,608 HELOC 658,224 1,015 209 — 1,433 660,881 Residential construction 288,032 369 — — 307 288,708 Consumer 138,287 247 34 — 107 138,675 Total loans $ 11,334,346 $ 8,093 $ 2,184 $ — $ 46,123 $ 11,390,746 As of December 31, 2020 Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 2,079,845 $ 2,013 $ 3 $ — $ 8,582 $ 2,090,443 Income producing commercial real estate 2,522,743 1,608 1,250 — 15,149 2,540,750 Commercial & industrial 2,480,483 1,176 267 — 16,634 2,498,560 Commercial construction 964,947 231 382 — 1,745 967,305 Equipment financing 856,985 2,431 1,009 — 3,405 863,830 Total commercial 8,905,003 7,459 2,911 — 45,515 8,960,888 Residential mortgage 1,265,019 5,549 1,494 — 12,858 1,284,920 HELOC 692,504 1,942 184 — 2,487 697,117 Residential construction 280,551 365 — — 514 281,430 Consumer 145,770 429 36 — 225 146,460 Total loans $ 11,288,847 $ 15,744 $ 4,625 $ — $ 61,599 $ 11,370,815 The following table presents nonaccrual loans by loan class for the periods indicated (in thousands) . Nonaccrual Loans June 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 With no allowance With an allowance Total With no allowance With an allowance Total Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 3,865 $ 2,263 $ 6,128 $ 6,614 $ 1,968 $ 8,582 Income producing commercial real estate 12,515 585 13,100 10,008 5,141 15,149 Commercial & industrial 7,143 1,420 8,563 2,004 14,630 16,634 Commercial construction 750 479 1,229 1,339 406 1,745 Equipment financing — 1,771 1,771 156 3,249 3,405 Total commercial 24,273 6,518 30,791 20,121 25,394 45,515 Residential mortgage 3,279 10,206 13,485 1,855 11,003 12,858 HELOC 117 1,316 1,433 1,329 1,158 2,487 Residential construction — 307 307 274 240 514 Consumer 1 106 107 181 44 225 Total $ 27,670 $ 18,453 $ 46,123 $ 23,760 $ 37,839 $ 61,599 Risk Ratings United categorizes commercial loans, with the exception of equipment financing receivables, into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, public information, and current industry and economic trends, among other factors. United analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a continual basis. United uses the following definitions for its risk ratings: Pass. Loans in this category are considered to have a low probability of default and do not meet the criteria of the risk categories below. Special Mention. Loans in this category are presently protected from apparent loss; however, weaknesses exist that could cause future impairment, including the deterioration of financial ratios, past due status and questionable management capabilities. These loans require more than the ordinary amount of supervision. Collateral values generally afford adequate coverage, but may not be immediately marketable. Substandard. These loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged. Specific and well-defined weaknesses exist that may include poor liquidity and deterioration of financial ratios. The loan may be past due and related deposit accounts experiencing overdrafts. There is the distinct possibility that United will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected. If possible, immediate corrective action is taken. Doubtful. Specific weaknesses characterized as Substandard that are severe enough to make collection in full highly questionable and improbable. There is no reliable secondary source of full repayment. Loss. Loans categorized as Loss have the same characteristics as Doubtful; however, probability of loss is certain. Loans classified as Loss are charged off. Equipment Financing Receivables and Consumer Purpose Loans. United applies a pass / fail grading system to all equipment financing receivables and consumer purpose loans. Under this system, loans that are on nonaccrual status, become past due 90 days, or are in bankruptcy are classified as “fail” and all other loans are classified as “pass”. For reporting purposes, loans in these categories that are classified as “fail” are reported as substandard and all other loans are reported as pass. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the amortized cost of loans by risk category by vintage year as of the date indicated is as follows (in thousands) . Term Loans by Origination Year Revolvers Revolvers converted to term loans Total As of June 30, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Pass Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 348,878 $ 692,889 $ 300,165 $ 173,797 $ 163,854 $ 309,564 $ 48,247 $ 10,973 $ 2,048,367 Income producing commercial real estate 349,737 772,304 338,003 272,816 214,741 273,090 33,109 12,088 2,265,888 Commercial & industrial 684,472 426,442 195,329 173,366 62,870 103,609 490,906 3,737 2,140,731 Commercial construction 175,452 300,989 167,938 124,411 28,142 12,596 8,054 2,030 819,612 Equipment financing 293,882 331,475 220,386 92,083 25,113 3,634 — — 966,573 Total commercial 1,852,421 2,524,099 1,221,821 836,473 494,720 702,493 580,316 28,828 8,241,171 Residential mortgage 448,846 416,688 136,631 91,877 88,511 268,040 14 4,883 1,455,490 HELOC — — — — — — 643,249 15,303 658,552 Residential construction 135,105 128,013 5,196 3,724 3,776 12,244 56 53 288,167 Consumer 33,625 37,841 16,905 8,636 2,515 2,633 36,126 132 138,413 2,469,997 3,106,641 1,380,553 940,710 589,522 985,410 1,259,761 49,199 10,781,793 Special Mention Owner occupied commercial real estate 10,313 5,379 15,503 3,839 4,036 8,610 247 286 48,213 Income producing commercial real estate 12,003 28,577 45,452 37,606 19,349 29,947 — — 172,934 Commercial & industrial 18,804 13,050 7,400 243 1,208 293 18,944 802 60,744 Commercial construction 679 18,763 12,943 17,248 38,377 63 — — 88,073 Equipment financing — — — — — — — — — Total commercial 41,799 65,769 81,298 58,936 62,970 38,913 19,191 1,088 369,964 Residential mortgage — — — — — — — — — HELOC — — — — — — — — — Residential construction — — — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — — — 41,799 65,769 81,298 58,936 62,970 38,913 19,191 1,088 369,964 Substandard Owner occupied commercial real estate 10,561 1,636 11,185 8,450 6,871 12,267 1,300 521 52,791 Income producing commercial real estate 16,656 34,733 2,681 16,799 8,718 31,744 — 90 111,421 Commercial & industrial 1,238 1,638 4,755 7,122 1,882 7,081 8,989 466 33,171 Commercial construction 1,035 432 712 13,496 — 2,444 — 1,005 19,124 Equipment financing 248 786 656 472 54 16 — — 2,232 Total commercial 29,738 39,225 19,989 46,339 17,525 53,552 10,289 2,082 218,739 Residential mortgage 786 1,653 2,336 3,778 1,440 6,340 — 785 17,118 HELOC — — — — — — 68 2,261 2,329 Residential construction — 39 33 52 2 415 — — 541 Consumer — 6 42 30 41 120 — 23 262 30,524 40,923 22,400 50,199 19,008 60,427 10,357 5,151 238,989 Total $ 2,542,320 $ 3,213,333 $ 1,484,251 $ 1,049,845 $ 671,500 $ 1,084,750 $ 1,289,309 $ 55,438 $ 11,390,746 Term Loans by Origination Year Revolvers Revolvers converted to term loans Total As of December 31, 2020 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Pass Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 707,501 $ 368,615 $ 231,316 $ 197,778 $ 201,362 $ 229,667 $ 56,273 $ 9,072 $ 2,001,584 Income producing commercial real estate 815,799 376,911 361,539 277,769 206,068 198,080 28,542 12,128 2,276,836 Commercial & industrial 1,092,767 287,857 263,439 115,790 92,968 58,359 515,593 3,777 2,430,550 Commercial construction 314,154 217,643 226,308 53,708 30,812 21,985 20,278 3,947 888,835 Equipment financing 413,653 270,664 125,869 39,982 9,404 445 — — 860,017 Total commercial 3,343,874 1,521,690 1,208,471 685,027 540,614 508,536 620,686 28,924 8,457,822 Residential mortgage 468,945 195,213 125,492 120,944 122,013 230,771 18 5,393 1,268,789 HELOC — — — — — — 675,878 17,581 693,459 Residential construction 225,727 30,646 4,026 4,544 3,172 12,546 — 64 280,725 Consumer 54,997 25,528 14,206 4,531 3,595 1,677 41,445 76 146,055 4,093,543 1,773,077 1,352,195 815,046 669,394 753,530 1,338,027 52,038 10,846,850 Special Mention Owner occupied commercial real estate 8,759 4,088 4,221 10,025 11,138 4,728 100 — 43,059 Income producing commercial real estate 35,471 42,831 39,954 13,238 24,164 11,337 — 1,681 168,676 Commercial & industrial 1,451 16,315 2,176 630 459 17 6,464 — 27,512 Commercial construction 21,366 272 816 23,292 11,775 477 — — 57,998 Equipment financing — — — — — — — — — Total commercial 67,047 63,506 47,167 47,185 47,536 16,559 6,564 1,681 297,245 Residential mortgage — — — — — — — — — HELOC — — — — — — — — — Residential construction — — — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — — — 67,047 63,506 47,167 47,185 47,536 16,559 6,564 1,681 297,245 Substandard Owner occupied commercial real estate 6,586 10,473 7,596 3,717 6,753 8,473 1,528 674 45,800 Income producing commercial real estate 45,125 8,940 2,179 5,034 31,211 2,652 — 97 95,238 Commercial & industrial 1,545 5,536 6,193 1,684 1,292 1,485 22,170 593 40,498 Commercial construction 2,466 735 13,741 340 1,931 250 — 1,009 20,472 Equipment financing 631 1,392 1,371 306 96 17 — — 3,813 Total commercial 56,353 27,076 31,080 11,081 41,283 12,877 23,698 2,373 205,821 Residential mortgage 2,049 2,106 3,174 1,369 679 5,860 — 894 16,131 HELOC — — — — — — 265 3,393 3,658 Residential construction 106 37 54 4 124 380 — — 705 Consumer — 97 49 60 78 98 — 23 405 58,508 29,316 34,357 12,514 42,164 19,215 23,963 6,683 226,720 Total $ 4,219,098 $ 1,865,899 $ 1,433,719 $ 874,745 $ 759,094 $ 789,304 $ 1,368,554 $ 60,402 $ 11,370,815 Troubled Debt Restructurings and Other Modifications As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, United had TDRs totaling $57.3 million and $61.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, United had remaining deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic of approximately $17.8 million and $70.7 million, respectively, which generally represented payment deferrals for up to 90 days. To the extent that these deferrals qualified under either the CARES Act or interagency guidance, they were not considered new TDRs. Loans modified under the terms of a TDR during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 are presented in the following table. In addition, the table presents loans modified under the terms of a TDR that defaulted (became 90 days or more delinquent or otherwise in default of modified terms) during the periods presented and were initially restructured within one year prior to default (dollars in thousands). New TDRs Post-Modification Amortized Cost by Type of Modification TDRs Modified Within the Previous Twelve Months That Have Subsequently Defaulted Number of Contracts Rate Structure Other Total Number of Amortized Cost Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Owner occupied commercial real estate 1 $ — $ 543 $ — $ 543 — $ — Income producing commercial real estate 1 — — 378 378 — — Commercial & industrial 2 — 365 — 365 — — Commercial construction — — — — — — — Equipment financing 8 — 326 — 326 5 138 Total commercial 12 — 1,234 378 1,612 5 138 Residential mortgage 5 — 322 — 322 — — HELOC — — — — — 1 49 Residential construction — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — Total loans 17 $ — $ 1,556 $ 378 $ 1,934 6 $ 187 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Owner occupied commercial real estate 1 $ — $ 543 $ — $ 543 — $ — Income producing commercial real estate 3 — — 1,697 1,697 — — Commercial & industrial 4 — 365 103 468 1 11 Commercial construction 1 — 309 — 309 — — Equipment financing 36 — 2,462 — 2,462 8 200 Total commercial 45 — 3,679 1,800 5,479 9 211 Residential mortgage 6 — 391 — 391 3 413 HELOC — — — — — 1 49 Residential construction — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — Total loans 51 $ — $ 4,070 $ 1,800 $ 5,870 13 $ 673 Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Owner occupied commercial real estate 2 $ — $ — $ 546 $ 546 — $ — Income producing commercial real estate — — — — — 1 5,998 Commercial & industrial 1 — — 15 15 1 627 Commercial construction 1 — 255 — 255 — — Equipment financing 129 — 3,471 — 3,471 6 310 Total commercial 133 — 3,726 561 4,287 8 6,935 Residential mortgage 6 — 644 — 644 — — HELOC — — — — — — — Residential construction — — — — — — — Consumer 1 — — 7 7 — — Total loans 140 $ — $ 4,370 $ 568 $ 4,938 8 $ 6,935 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Owner occupied commercial real estate 3 $ — $ — $ 1,536 $ 1,536 — $ — Income producing commercial real estate 3 — 67 165 232 1 5,998 Commercial & industrial 1 — — 15 15 2 633 Commercial construction 1 — 255 — 255 — — Equipment financing 136 — 3,905 — 3,905 6 310 Total commercial 144 — 4,227 1,716 5,943 9 6,941 Residential mortgage 11 — 922 — 922 — — HELOC — — — — — — — Residential construction — — — — — — — Consumer 3 — — 18 18 1 3 Total loans 158 $ — $ 5,149 $ 1,734 $ 6,883 10 $ 6,944 Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL for loans represents management’s estimate of life of loan credit losses in the portfolio as of the end of the period. The ACL related to unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. The following table presents the balance and activity in the ACL by portfolio segment for the periods indicated (in thousands) . Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 Beginning Balance Charge-Offs Recoveries (Release) Provision Ending Balance Beginning Balance Charge-Offs Recoveries (Release) Provision Ending Balance Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 19,282 $ (1) $ 156 $ (2,145) $ 17,292 $ 11,000 $ — $ 466 $ 3,126 $ 14,592 Income producing commercial real estate 34,911 (52) 213 (4,105) 30,967 16,584 (4,589) 41 9,663 21,699 Commercial & industrial 21,750 (857) 797 (5,276) 16,414 10,831 (254) 291 (2,279) 8,589 Commercial construction 10,572 (46) 339 (1,685) 9,180 9,556 (239) 117 5,080 14,514 Equipment financing 17,200 (1,188) 887 1,201 18,100 14,738 (2,085) 420 7,232 20,305 Residential mortgage 14,580 — 194 (3,809) 10,965 11,063 (50) 56 1,757 12,826 HELOC 6,880 (34) 146 (635) 6,357 6,887 (98) 196 1,702 8,687 Residential construction 1,362 — 33 523 1,918 816 (32) 37 1,176 1,997 Consumer 329 (353) 222 225 423 430 (712) 286 456 460 ACL - loans 126,866 (2,531) 2,987 (15,706) 111,616 81,905 (8,059) 1,910 27,913 103,669 ACL - unfunded commitments 8,726 — — 2,118 10,844 6,470 — — 5,630 12,100 Total ACL $ 135,592 $ (2,531) $ 2,987 $ (13,588) $ 122,460 $ 88,375 $ (8,059) $ 1,910 $ 33,543 $ 115,769 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 Beginning Balance Charge-Offs Recoveries (Release) Provision Ending Balance Dec. 31, 2019 Adoption of CECL Beginning Charge- Recoveries (Release) Ending Owner occupied commercial real estate $ 20,673 $ (1) $ 396 $ (3,776) $ 17,292 $ 11,404 $ (1,616) $ 9,788 $ (6) $ 1,500 $ 3,310 $ 14,592 Income producing commercial real estate 41,737 (1,059) 229 (9,940) 30,967 12,306 (30) 12,276 (5,000) 182 14,241 21,699 Commercial & industrial 22,019 (3,751) 6,444 (8,298) 16,414 5,266 4,012 9,278 (7,815) 667 6,459 8,589 Commercial construction 10,952 (224) 495 (2,043) 9,180 9,668 (2,583) 7,085 (239) 258 7,410 14,514 Equipment financing 16,820 (3,246) 1,434 3,092 18,100 7,384 5,871 13,255 (3,948) 776 10,222 20,305 Residential mortgage 15,341 (215) 317 (4,478) 10,965 8,081 1,569 9,650 (334) 331 3,179 12,826 HELOC 8,417 (34) 219 (2,245) 6,357 4,575 1,919 6,494 (118) 299 2,012 8,687 Residential construction 764 (10) 103 1,061 1,918 2,504 (1,771) 733 (54) 71 1,247 1,997 Consumer 287 (824) 488 472 423 901 (491) 410 (1,350) 517 883 460 ACL - loans 137,010 (9,364) 10,125 (26,155) 111,616 62,089 6,880 68,969 (18,864) 4,601 48,963 103,669 ACL - unfunded commitments 10,558 — — 286 10,844 3,458 1,871 5,329 — — 6,771 12,100 Total ACL $ 147,568 $ (9,364) $ 10,125 $ (25,869) $ 122,460 $ 65,547 $ 8,751 $ 74,298 $ (18,864) $ 4,601 $ 55,734 $ 115,769 At both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, United used a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period. Expected credit losses were estimated using a regression model for each segment based on historical data from peer banks combined with a third party vendor’s economic forecast to predict the change in credit losses. These results were then combined with a starting value that was based on United’s recent default experience, which was adjusted for select portfolios based on expectations of future performance. At June 30, 2021, the third party vendor’s forecast, which was representative of a baseline scenario, improved significantly from December 31, 2020, including the unemployment rate which has a significant impact on our models and led to the negative provision for loan losses in the second quarter and year-to-date. United adjusted the economic forecast by eliminating the initial spike in unemployment to account for the impact of government stimulus programs, which mitigated some of the negative impact on forecasted losses as the unemployment rate was rising and had the opposite effect as the unemployment rate was improving. In addition, United applied qualitative factors to income producing commercial real estate, owner occupied commercial real estate, equipment finance and commercial construction portfolios to compensate for elevated special mention and substandard loan levels. For periods beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period of one year, United reverted to historical credit loss information on a straight line basis over two years. For all collateral types excluding residential mortgage, United reverted to through-the-cycle |