UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
| | |
þ | | Quarterly report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2005
or
| | |
o | | Transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 0-20784
TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
Delaware | | 77-0156584 |
| | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | | (I.R.S. Employer identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) | | |
1090 East Arques Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94085
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
(408) 991-8800
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
| | | | |
|
Large accelerated filero | | Accelerated filerþ | | Non-accelerated filero |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding at December 31, 2005 was 54,457,138.
TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
INDEX
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TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(in thousands, unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | | | June 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2005 | |
ASSETS |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 68,665 | | | $ | 37,598 | |
Short-term investment — UMC | | | 46,916 | | | | 54,555 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 4,430 | | | | 6,317 | |
Inventories | | | 4,369 | | | | 2,735 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 2,158 | | | | — | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 2,892 | | | | 2,308 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 129,430 | | | | 103,513 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 2,831 | | | | 2,154 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 22,231 | | | | 24,620 | |
Investments — other | | | 4,072 | | | | 3,200 | |
Other assets | | | 1,872 | | | | 1,397 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 160,436 | | | $ | 134,884 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
|
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 11,493 | | | $ | 6,678 | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | 14,331 | | | | 10,009 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 334 | | | | 3,561 | |
Income taxes payable | | | 8,517 | | | | 5,181 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 34,675 | | | | 25,429 | |
Minority interests in subsidiaries | | | 2 | | | | 20 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 34,677 | | | | 25,449 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock and additional paid-in capital | | | 97,536 | | | | 125,959 | |
Deferred stock-based compensation | | | — | | | | (36,280 | ) |
Retained earnings | | | 27,722 | | | | 14,415 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 501 | | | | 5,341 | |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 125,759 | | | | 109,435 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 160,436 | | | $ | 134,884 | |
| | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
-3-
TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Revenues | | $ | 40,614 | | | $ | 15,387 | | | $ | 73,818 | | | $ | 31,989 | |
Cost of revenues | | | 18,533 | | | | 6,888 | | | | 32,987 | | | | 14,306 | |
Cost of revenues — amortization of intangible assets | | | 1,164 | | | | — | | | | 2,356 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 20,917 | | | | 8,499 | | | | 38,475 | | | | 17,683 | |
Research and development expenses | | | 8,166 | | | | 5,559 | | | | 15,523 | | | | 10,297 | |
Sales, general and administrative expenses | | | 5,098 | | | | 2,733 | | | | 9,915 | | | | 5,091 | |
In-process research and development expenses | | | — | | | | 585 | | | | — | | | | 585 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from operations | | | 7,653 | | | | (378 | ) | | | 13,037 | | | | 1,710 | |
(Loss) gain on investments, net | | | (167 | ) | | | (70 | ) | | | (268 | ) | | | 331 | |
Interest and other income (expenses), net | | | 642 | | | | 127 | | | | 1,154 | | | | 227 | |
Minority interests in subsidiaries | | | — | | | | (327 | ) | | | — | | | | (916 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 8,128 | | | | (648 | ) | | | 13,923 | | | | 1,352 | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | | | (414 | ) | | | (102 | ) | | | 787 | | | | 516 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | 8,542 | | | | (546 | ) | | | 13,136 | | | | 836 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | 171 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 8,542 | | | $ | (546 | ) | | $ | 13,307 | | | $ | 836 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.02 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.02 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computing basic per share amounts | | | 53,591 | | | | 45,572 | | | | 53,076 | | | | 45,950 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | $ | 0.14 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.01 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.14 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.01 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computing diluted per share amounts | | | 60,842 | | | | 45,572 | | | | 60,638 | | | | 50,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
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TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands, unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 13,307 | | | $ | 836 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 457 | | | | 549 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts and sales returns | | | 143 | | | | — | |
Loss (gain) on investments, net | | | 268 | | | | (331 | ) |
Stock-based compensation expense | | | 3,777 | | | | 937 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 2,428 | | | | — | |
Minority interests in subsidiaries | | | 3 | | | | 916 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | (171 | ) | | | — | |
In-process research and development | | | — | | | | 585 | |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | 1,744 | | | | 429 | |
Inventories | | | (1,634 | ) | | | 229 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (584 | ) | | | (1,115 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | 4,815 | | | | 3,281 | |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | | | 4,675 | | | | 357 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (2,158 | ) | | | — | |
Income taxes payable | | | 2,908 | | | | 499 | |
| | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 29,978 | | | | 7,172 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sale of minority interests shares | | | — | | | | 877 | |
Proceeds from sale of other long-term investments | | | — | | | | 22 | |
Purchases of investments | | | (1,492 | ) | | | (1,012 | ) |
Purchase of minority interests in subsidiaries | | | (58 | ) | | | (5,221 | ) |
Other assets | | | (475 | ) | | | (1,134 | ) |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (1,134 | ) | | | (272 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (3,159 | ) | | | (6,740 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | | | 4,248 | | | | 951 | |
Proceeds from exercise of options in TTI | | | — | | | | 690 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 4,248 | | | | 1,641 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 31,067 | | | | 2,073 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 37,598 | | | | 32,488 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 68,665 | | | $ | 34,561 | |
| | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements
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TRIDENT MICROSYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. The Company
Trident Microsystems, Inc., with headquarters in Sunnyvale, California, designs, develops and markets digital media for the masses in the form of integrated circuits (ICs) for CRT TV, LCD TV, PDP TV, HDTV, and digital set-top box. Trident’s products are sold to various OEMs, original design manufacturers and system integrators worldwide. The Company’s digital media operations are primarily conducted by the Company’s 99.99% owned subsidiary, Trident Technologies, Inc. (“TTI”).
On October 24, 2005, the Company held its annual meeting of stockholders and the stockholders approved an increase in our authorized common stock from 60 million shares to 95 million shares. On October 25, 2005, the Company’s board of directors approved a two for one stock split effected as a 100% stock dividend to stockholders of record on November 7, 2005, payable on or after November 18, 2005. Trident stock began trading on a split-adjusted basis on November 21, 2005. All share numbers in this document reflect the Company’s capital structure as of the end of the fiscal quarter and are therefore on a post-split basis. Shares authorized and par value were not adjusted as they were not affected by the stock split.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts; actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
In the opinion of the Company, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for those periods presented. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not audited. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended June 30, 2005 included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other period or for the entire fiscal year which ends June 30, 2006.
Note 3. Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104. Accordingly, revenue is recognized generally upon product shipment, when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss pass to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection of the receivable is reasonably assured. A reserve for sales returns is established based on historical trends in product returns. Revenue from sales to resellers, which may eventually be subject to requests for product return or price protection, are deferred and recognized upon sale and shipment to the end user customers when any such rights or expectations expire. Approximately 49% and 31%, respectively, of our sales in the three months ending December 31, 2005 and 2004 were from distributors. Approximately 49% and 30%, respectively, of our sales in the six months ending December 31, 2005 and 2004 were from distributors. The Company records estimated reductions to revenue for customer programs and incentive offerings, including special pricing agreements, promotions, historical returns, inventory levels at distributors and other volume-based incentives. If market conditions were to decline, the Company may take actions to increase customer incentive offerings, possibly resulting in an incremental reduction of revenue at the time the incentive is offered.
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Note 4. Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | | | June 30, 2005 | |
Work in process | | $ | 1,818 | | | $ | 1,569 | |
Finished goods | | | 2,551 | | | | 1,166 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 4,369 | | | $ | 2,735 | |
| | | | | | |
Note 5. Net income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by 1) adjusting the net income by any additional potential minority interests which would result from additional dilution from subsidiary stock option exercises and 2) dividing the adjusted net income by the weighted average number of outstanding shares of common stock plus potential common stock shares. The calculation of diluted net income per share excludes potential common stock if the effect is antidilutive. Potential common stock shares consist of common stock options, computed using the treasury stock method based on the average stock price for the period.
Reconciliations of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per share calculations are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
(in thousands, except per share data) | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 8,542 | | | $ | (546 | ) | | $ | 13,307 | | | $ | 836 | |
Adjustments related to outstanding options in TTI | | | — | | | | (183 | ) | | | — | | | | (460 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) used in computing diluted net income per share | | $ | 8,542 | | | $ | (729 | ) | | $ | 13,307 | | | $ | 376 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computing basic per share amounts | | | 53,591 | | | | 45,572 | | | | 53,076 | | | | 45,950 | |
Dilutive potential common shares | | | 7,251 | | | | — | | | | 7,562 | | | | 4,606 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in computing diluted per share amounts | | | 60,842 | | | | 45,572 | | | | 60,638 | | | | 50,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.02 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.14 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.01 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Potential common shares not included in the calculation because they are antidilutive | | | 2,144 | | | | 4,700 | | | | 2,005 | | | | 394 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Note 6. Income taxes
The Company determined in the second quarter of fiscal year 2006 that it is more likely than not that TTI will have sufficient future taxable income to utilize its deferred tax assets and accordingly eliminated its valuation allowances against these deferred tax assets. This led to a tax benefit of approximately of $1.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2005. The valuation allowances the Company eliminated related mainly to TTI’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2005.
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Note 7. Stock-based compensation
Prior to July 1, 2005, the Company accounted for stock-based employee compensation arrangements in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and its related implementation guidance, and complied with the disclosure provisions of Statements of SFAS123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” and SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure.” Under APB No. 25, compensation cost was generally recognized based on the difference, if any, between the quoted market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant and the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock.
On July 1, 2005 the Company adopted SFAS 123(R) “Share Based Payment” and its related implementation guidance in accounting for stock-based employee compensation arrangements. This Statement requires the recognition of the fair value of stock compensation in net income. This Statement requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). Stock-based compensation expense will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). No compensation expense is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service.
The Company has decided to use the Modified Prospective Application the (MPA) method for adopting SFAS 123(R). Under this method, the provisions of SFAS 123(R) apply to all awards granted or modified after the date of adoption. In addition, the unrecognized expense of awards not yet vested at the date of adoption shall be recognized in net income in the periods after the date of adoption using the same valuation method (i.e.Black-Scholes) and assumptions determined under the original provisions of SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,”as disclosed in our previous filings. Accordingly, Trident did not restate its prior period financial statements. Instead, the Company applies SFAS 123(R) for new options granted after the adoption of SFAS 123(R), i.e. July 1, 2005, and any portion of options that were granted after December 15, 1994 and had not vested by July 1, 2005. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for calculating the fair value of stock compensation under SFAS 123(R).
The valuation model for stock compensation expense requires us to make several assumptions and judgments about the variables to be assumed in the calculation including expected life of the stock option, historical volatility of the underlying security, an assumed risk free interest rate and estimated forfeitures over the expected life of the option. To the extent actual results differ from our estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised. The dividend yield of zero is based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends and have no present intention to pay cash dividends. The expected life represents the weighted average period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding giving consideration to vesting schedules and our historical exercise patterns; expected volatilities are based on historical volatilities of our common stock; the risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option; and we consider many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including types of awards, employee class, and historical experience.
The adoption of SFAS 123(R) resulted in a cumulative benefit from an accounting change of $171,000 related to unvested awards for which compensation expense had already been recorded.
In the three and six months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the fair value of options issued pursuant to the Company’s employee stock-based compensation plans at the grant date were calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with the following assumptions:
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
| | December 31, | | December 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Volatility | | | 67.71 | % | | | 37.33 | % | | | 67.71% - 69.21 | % | | | 37.33% - 68.68 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Risk-free interest rates | | | 4.21 | % | | | 3.59 | % | | | 4.06% - 4.21 | % | | | 3.45% - 3.59 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expected terms | | 5 years | | 5 years | | 5 years | | 5 years |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividend rate | | | 0.0 | % | | | 0.0 | % | | | 0.0 | % | | | 0.0 | % |
The Company recorded $2.2 million and $3.8 million in stock compensation expense for three and six months ended December 31, 2005, respectively. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, upon the adoption of SFAS 123(R) on July 1, 2005, the deferred stock-based compensation balance of $36.3 million in accordance with APB No. 25 was reversed against paid-in-capital. Total compensation cost of options granted but not yet vested as of December 31, 2005 was $26.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of 3 years.
The application of SFAS 123(R) had the following effect on the three and six month periods ended December 31, 2005 reported amounts relative to amounts that would have been reported using the intrinsic value method under previous accounting (in thousands except per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | |
| | December 31, 2005 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | Using Previous | | | SFAS123(R) | | | As | | | Using Previous | | | SFAS123(R) | | | As | |
| | Accounting | | | Adjustments | | | Reported | | | Accounting | | | Adjustments | | | Reported | |
Income from operations | | $ | 6,278 | | | $ | 1,375 | | | $ | 7,653 | | | $ | 6,935 | | | $ | 6,102 | | | $ | 13,037 | |
Income before income taxes | | | 6,753 | | | | 1,375 | | | | 8,128 | | | | 7,821 | | | | 6,102 | | | | 13,923 | |
Income(loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | 7,167 | | | | 1,375 | | | | 8,542 | | | | 7,034 | | | | 6,102 | | | | 13,136 | |
Net income(loss) | | | 7,167 | | | | 1,375 | | | | 8,542 | | | | 7,034 | | | | 6,273 | | | | 13,307 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic income(loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | $ | 0.13 | | | $ | 0.03 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | 0.13 | | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.25 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 0.13 | | | $ | 0.03 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | 0.13 | | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.25 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted income(loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prior to cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.02 | | | $ | 0.14 | | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | $ | 0.22 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.02 | | | $ | 0.14 | | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | $ | 0.22 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
-9-
SFAS 123(R) requires us to present pro forma information for the comparative period prior to the adoption as if we had accounted for all our employee stock options under the fair value method of the original SFAS 123. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to stock-based employee compensation to the prior-year periods (dollars in thousands, except per-share data). For the three and six months ended December 31, 2004 net income per share would have been changed to the pro forma amounts below with stock compensation expense accounted for under SFAS123.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended | | | Six months ended | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | | 2004 | | | 2004 | |
Net income (loss) as reported | | $ | (546 | ) | | $ | 836 | |
Stock-based compensation included in reported net income under APB 25 | | | 721 | | | | 937 | |
Less: Stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value based method under SFAS 123 | | | (895 | ) | | | (1,624 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net income (loss) | | $ | (720 | ) | | $ | 149 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
As reported: | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.02 | |
| | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.01 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Pro forma: | | | | | | | | |
Basic net income (loss) per share | | $ | (0.02 | ) | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | (0.02 | ) | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | |
The Company grants nonstatutory and incentive stock options to key employees, directors and consultants. At December 31, 2005, there were 13,402,000 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon exercise of outstanding stock options and options available for grant under our option plans. Stock options are granted at prices determined by the Board. Nonstatutory and incentive stock options may be granted at prices not less than 85% of the fair market value and at not less than fair market value, respectively, at the date of grant. Options generally become exercisable one year after date of grant and vest over a maximum period of five years following the date of grant. The Company has not granted stock options or equity instruments to non-employees other than members of its Board of Directors. All TMI options granted during the three and six months ended December 31, 2005 and fiscal years ended June 30, 2005, and 2004 were granted at exercise prices equal to the fair values of the common stock on the date of grant. All TTI options were granted at exercise prices below the fair values of the TTI Common Stock on the date of grant. These options were assumed and became options to purchase common stock of the Company as part of the acquisition of minority interest (Note 10) and as a result, there were no TTI options outstanding as of June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2005.
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The following table summarizes TMI’s option activities for the six months ended December 31, 2005 and years ended June 30, 2005, and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Options | | | | | | | Weighted Average | | | Exercise | |
| | Available for | | | Number of | | | Exercise | | | Price Per | |
(in thousands, except per share data) | | Grant | | | Options | | | Price | | | Option | |
Balance at June 30, 2003 | | | 3,216 | | | | 13,398 | | | | | | | $ | 0.88-$11.46 | |
Additional shares reserved | | | — | | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Plan shares expired | | | (252 | ) | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Options granted | | | (700 | ) | | | 700 | | | $ | 5.93 | | | $ | 5.22-$6.89 | |
Options exercised | | | — | | | | (3,738 | ) | | $ | 1.42 | | | $ | 0.88-$4.75 | |
Options canceled, expired and forfeited | | | 1,296 | | | | (1,296 | ) | | $ | 1.47 | | | $ | 0.93-$4.75 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at June 30, 2004 | | | 3,560 | | | | 9,064 | | | | | | | $ | 0.88-$11.46 | |
Additional shares reserved | | | 5,868 | | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Plan shares expired | | | (36 | ) | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Options granted (TMI) | | | (348 | ) | | | 348 | | | $ | 7.86 | | | $ | 5.35-$9.31 | |
Options granted (TTI) | | | (5,868 | ) | | | 5,868 | | | $ | 0.79 | | | $ | 0.79-$0.79 | |
Options exercised | | | — | | | | (2,349 | ) | | $ | 1.35 | | | $ | 0.88-$3.00 | |
Options canceled, expired and forfeited | | | 120 | | | | (120 | ) | | $ | 1.27 | | | $ | 0.79-$1.52 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at June 30, 2005 | | | 3,296 | | | | 12,811 | | | | | | | $ | 0.79-$11.46 | |
Plan shares expired | | | (88 | ) | | | — | | | | | | | | | |
Options granted | | | (2,202 | ) | | | 2,202 | | | $ | 12.29 | | | $ | 11.34-$17.50 | |
Options exercised | | | — | | | | (2,617 | ) | | $ | 1.63 | | | $ | 0.79-$11.46 | |
Options canceled, expired and forfeited | | | 136 | | | | (136 | ) | | $ | 2.82 | | | $ | 0.79-$12.63 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 1,142 | | | | 12,260 | | | | | | | $ | 1.57-$17.50 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2005, June 30, 2005, and 2004, options to purchase 4,246,000, 4,936,000, and 5,748,000 shares of our common stock were outstanding and vested but not exercised, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about TMI stock options outstanding at December 31, 2005 (in thousands except per share data):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Options Outstanding | | Options Exercisable |
| | Number | | Weighted Average | | Weighted | | Aggregate | | Number | | Weighted | | Aggregate |
Range of | | Outstanding | | Remaining | | Average | | Intrinsic Value | | Exercisable | | Average | | Intrinsic Value |
Exercise Prices | | | | Contractual Life | | Exercise Price | | | | | | Exercise Price | | |
| | | | Years | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
$0.79 - $0.79 | | | 4,721 | | | | 8.2 | | | $ | 0.79 | | | $ | 37,981 | | | | 490 | | | $ | 0.79 | | | $ | 3,939 | |
$0.88 - $1.46 | | | 2,735 | | | | 4.2 | | | $ | 1.27 | | | | — | | | | 2,735 | | | $ | 1.27 | | | — |
$1.69 - $8.75 | | | 2,569 | | | | 7.2 | | | $ | 3.51 | | | | — | | | | 1,021 | | | $ | 2.97 | | | — |
$8.99 - $17.28 | | | 2,233 | | | | 9.5 | | | $ | 12.21 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | — |
$17.50 - $17.50 | | | 2 | | | | 10.0 | | | $ | 17.50 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | — |
| | |
$0.79 - $17.50 | | | 12,260 | | | | 7.3 | | | $ | 3.50 | | | $ | 37,981 | | | | 4,246 | | | $ | 1.62 | | | $ | 3,939 | |
| | |
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Note 8. Investment in UMC
In August 1995, the Company made an investment of $49.3 million in United Integrated Circuits Corporation (“UICC”). On January 3, 2000, United Microelectronics Corporation (“UMC”) acquired UICC and, as a result of this merger, the Company received approximately 46.5 million shares of UMC, and has subsequently received approximately 43.6 million additional shares as a result of stock dividends declared by UMC, including 7.7 million shares received in August 2005. The last time the Company sold shares was in the year ended June 30, 2004 when the Company sold 7.3 million shares for cash of $7.4 million, resulting in a gain of $2.7 million. As of December 31, 2005, the Company held approximately 82.8 million shares of UMC, which represents about 0.5% of the outstanding stock of UMC. UMC’s shares, including shares held by the Company, are listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. In accordance with SFAS No. 115, as of December 31, 2005, the UMC shares held by the Company are treated as available-for-sale securities and are classified as short-term investments.
Due to a decrease in the market value of UMC’s stock price from July 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005, a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income of $4.8 million was recorded in equity as “accumulated other comprehensive income” in accordance with SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”. The $4.8 million comprises a $7.6 million decrease in the market value of the Company’s short-term investment in UMC from July 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005, less deferred income taxes of $2.8 million relating to the unrealized loss. The Company received a cash dividend from UMC in the amount of $245,000 during the six months ended December 31, 2005.
Note 9. (Loss) gain on investments, net
During the six months ended December 31, 2005, the Company recognized an impairment charge on investments of $268,000, based on the latest assessment made on the financial information available from the investee companies. During the six months ended December 31, 2004, the Company recognized a net gain on investments of $331,000. The gain was primarily the result of a gain on the sale of our TTI subsidiary stock of $694,000, offset by impairment charges on investments of $363,000.
Note 10. Purchase of minority interest in subsidiaries
As of December 31, 2005, in a series of steps over a fifteen month period, the Company acquired approximately 20% of the equity interests in TTI from minority shareholders of TTI for approximately $6.2 million in cash and the issuance of approximately 3.8 million Trident Microsystems, Inc. shares of common stock. The average value of the share consideration issued was $8.39 per share and was based upon the average of the closing market prices of the Company’s common stock on the various agreement dates and the two trading days before and two trading days after each agreement date of each minority interest acquisition transaction.
These transactions were accounted for as purchase transactions in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, “Business Combinations.” The total purchase price was allocated to net tangible assets acquired, in-process research and development and the tangible and identifiable intangible assets assumed on the basis of their fair values on the dates of acquisition. The following tables summarize the components of the estimated total purchase price and the allocation (in thousands):
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| | | | |
Fair value of Trident Microsystems, Inc. common stock | | $ | 31,146 | |
Cash | | | 6,206 | |
Transaction costs | | | 501 | |
| | | |
Total purchase price | | $ | 37,853 | |
| | | |
| | | | |
Purchase price allocation: | | | | |
Net tangible assets acquired | | $ | 6,176 | |
In-process research and development | | | 5,171 | |
Inventory write-up | | | 366 | |
Customer relationships | | | 2,147 | |
Core and developed technologies | | | 23,993 | |
| | | |
Total purchase price | | $ | 37,853 | |
| | | |
As of December 31, 2005, the Company held 99.99% of TTI’s equity interests. The core and developed technology related to Digitally Processed Television (“DPTV” ™) and High Definition Television (HDTV ™), product technologies, and the acquired intangible assets are being amortized over the expected one to six year life of the cash flows from these products and technologies. Acquired in-process research and development, or IPR&D, consisted of next generation of DPTV™ and HDTV™ products technology, which had not yet reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use as of the date of acquisition. As of the valuation date, the next generation of DPTV™ and HDTV™ products technology is under development and require additional software and hardware development. The Company determined the value of IPR&D by estimating the net cash flows from potential sales of the products resulting from completion of several projects, reduced by the portion of net cash flows from revenue attributable to core and developed technology. The resulting cash flows were then discounted back to their present value using a discount rate of 23%. In calculating the value of the IPR&D, the Company gave consideration to relevant market size and growth factors, expected industry trends, the anticipated nature and timing of new product introductions by the Company and its competitors, individual product sales cycles, and the estimated lives of each of the products derived from the underlying technology. The value of the acquired IPR&D reflects the relative value and contribution of the acquired research and development. Consideration was given to the stage of completion, the complexity of the work completed to date, the difficulty of completing the remaining development, costs already incurred, and the expected cost to complete the project in determining the value assigned to the acquired IPR&D. The fair value assigned to the acquired IPR&D was expensed at the time of the acquisition because the projects associated with the IPR&D efforts had not yet reached technological feasibility and no future alternative uses existed for the technology. As of December 31, 2005, the products developed with the acquired DPTV and HDTV products technology were under customer evaluation, which the Company expects to be completed by the end of March 2006.
All of the Company’s acquired identifiable intangible assets, which includes the core and developed technology acquired, including the DPTV and HDTV product technologies, and customer relationships, are subject to amortization and have approximate original estimated weighted average useful lives of one to eight years. Amortization of identifiable intangible assets recorded during the three and six months ended December 31, 2005 was $1.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The estimated amortization expense in the next 5 years and thereafter is as follows:
| | | | |
For the period ending: | | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | |
June 30, 2006 | | $ | 3,040 | |
June 30, 2007 | | | 6,345 | |
June 30, 2008 | | | 5,602 | |
June 30, 2009 | | | 3,596 | |
Thereafter | | | 3,648 | |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 22,231 | |
| | | |
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The following table represents unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and six months ended December 31, 2004 had the Company completed the acquisition of minority interests as of July 1, 2004. The pro forma results include the effects of the amortization of identifiable intangible assets and stock-based compensation and exclude the effects of the IPR&D. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented assuming the adoption of SFAS 123(R), and is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily reflect the results of operations that would have occurred had the combined companies constituted a single entity during such periods, and is not necessarily indicative of results which may be obtained in the future.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | Six Months Ended |
| | December 31, | | December 31, |
(In thousands except per share amounts, unaudited) | | 2004 | | 2004 |
Revenue | | $ | 15,387 | | | $ | 31,989 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net loss | | $ | (931 | ) | | $ | (602 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net loss per share - basic and diluted | | $ | (0.02 | ) | | $ | (0.01 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Shares used in calculating basic and diluted amounts | | | 49,284 | | | | 49,662 | |
Note 11. Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Under SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income” any unrealized gains or losses on short-term investments that are classified as available-for-sale equity securities are to be reported as a separate adjustment to equity. The components of accumulated other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2005, respectively, related to unrealized gains, net of tax, of $501,000 and $5.3 million on the Company’s investment in UMC. Unrealized losses of $3.7 million and $1.9 million were recorded in the three months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Unrealized losses of $4.8 million and $2.0 million were recorded in the six months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Note 12. Segment information and concentration of credit risk
The Company operates in only one reportable segment: digital media.
The following is a summary of the Company’s geographic operations:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | United States | | | Taiwan | | | Japan | | | China | | | Korea | | | Other | | | Consolidated | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Six months | |
December 31, 2005 | | $ | 242 | | | $ | 6,048 | | | $ | 27,513 | | | $ | 14,521 | | | $ | 22,212 | | | $ | 3,282 | | | $ | 73,818 | |
December 31, 2004 | | $ | 62 | | | $ | 2,856 | | | $ | 8,077 | | | $ | 18,112 | | | $ | 1,990 | | | $ | 892 | | | $ | 31,989 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-lived assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2005 | | | 644 | | | | 177 | | | | — | | | | 2,010 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,831 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of June 30, 2005 | | | 312 | | | | 234 | | | | — | | | | 1,608 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,154 | |
Revenues are attributed to countries based on delivery locations of our product sales. Long-lived assets comprise property and equipment.
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In the three months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Midoriya (Sony) and Samsung, each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. In the three months ended December 31, 2004, sales to six customers, Skyworth (a television manufacturer located in China), TCL Electronics (a television manufacturer located in China), Midoriya (Sony), Hisense (a television manufacturer located in China), Innotech (a distributor for Toshiba) and Hongdin (a distributor for television manufacturers located in China), each accounted for more than 10% of revenues,. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Samsung and Midoriya (Sony), each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues,. In the six months ended December 31, 2004, sales to four customers, Skyworth, Midoriya, Hisense, and Innotech, each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. Two customers accounted for 79% and 18% of gross accounts receivables as of December 31, 2005, respectively. Our top three customers accounted for 65% of our total revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2005.
Note 13. Contingencies
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation in the normal course of business. The results of any litigation matter are inherently uncertain. In the event of any adverse decision in litigation with third parties that could arise in the future with respect to patents, other intellectual property rights relevant to its products and defective products, the Company could be required to pay damages and other expenses, to cease the manufacture, use and sale of infringing products, to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology, or to obtain licenses to the infringing technology.
Note 14. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position Nos. FAS 115-1 and FAS 124-1,The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.This FSP addresses the three-step determination as to when an investment is considered impaired, whether that impairment is other than temporary, and the measurement of an impairment loss. This FSP also includes accounting considerations subsequent to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment and requires certain disclosures about unrealized losses that have not been recognized as other-than-temporary impairments. The guidance in this FSP shall be applied to reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2005. Earlier application is permitted. The Company will adopt this FSP in the quarter ending March 31, 2006 and is currently evaluating the effect of adoption on its results of operations.
In June 2005, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 154, “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections” (SFAS 154), which changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of voluntary changes in accounting principle. SFAS 154 requires retrospective application to prior periods’ financial statements of changes in accounting principle, unless impracticable. SFAS 154 supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20, Accounting Change (APB 20), which previously required that most voluntary changes in accounting principle be recognized by including in the current period’s net income the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle. SFAS 154 also makes a distinction between retrospective application of an accounting principle and the restatement of financial statements to reflect correction of an error. SFAS 154 carries forward without changing the guidance contained in APB 20 for reporting the correction of an error in previously issued financial statements and a change in accounting estimate. SFAS 154 applies to voluntary changes in accounting principle that are made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 154 will have a significant impact on its financial condition or results of operations.
On October 22, 2004, the President signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the “Act”). The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing an 85 percent dividends received deduction for certain dividends from controlled foreign corporations. The deduction is subject to a number of limitations. The Company has not decided on whether, and to what extent, we might repatriate foreign earnings that have not yet been remitted to the U.S. The Company has until June 30, 2006 to approve the repatriation plan by the Board of Directors.
Note 15. Related party transaction
In November 2005, the Company entered into an investment agreement (“the Agreement”) with Nanovata Design Automation, Inc. (“Nanovata”). In accordance with the Agreement, the Company invested $500,000 in Nanovata’s Series A Preferred Stock. Mr. Frank Lin, the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Dr. Jung-Herng Chang, the Company’s President, also made indirect investment in Nanovata’s Series A Preferred Stock. The combined ownership in Nanovata is less than 10% of the total outstanding shares. The Company’s investment is accounted for under the cost method.
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Item 2:
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
When used in this report the words “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include our expectations and beliefs concerning:
• | | our prospects for success in the digital television market and its effect on our future financial results, |
|
• | | the effects of our restructuring on our business and future financial results, |
|
• | | future prospects for the digital television industry in general, |
|
• | | allocation of resources and control of expenses related to the digital television market, new products and internal business strategies, |
|
• | | our plans and timeline for future product development in the digital television market, |
|
• | | future gross margin levels and our strategy to maintain and improve gross margins, |
|
• | | demand for and trends in revenue for our products, |
|
• | | trends in average selling prices, |
|
• | | expectations regarding the percentage of international sales, |
|
• | | the sufficiency of our financial resources over the next twelve months, |
|
• | | denomination of our international revenues and exposure to interest rate risk, |
|
• | | the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, |
|
• | | future investments and/or acquisitions. |
We are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those set forth below under “Factors That May Affect Our Results” and elsewhere in this report, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
Overview of Business
We design, develop and market integrated circuits for digital media applications, such as digital television, liquid crystal display (LCD) television and digital set-top boxes. Our system-on-chip semiconductors provide the “intelligence” for these new types of displays by processing and optimizing video and computer graphic signals to produce high-quality and realistic images. Many of the world’s leading manufacturers of consumer electronics and computer display products utilize our technology to enhance image quality and ease of use of their products. Our goal is to provide the best image quality enhanced digital media integrated circuits at competitive prices to users.
We sell our products primarily to digital television original equipment manufacturers in China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan. Historically, significant portions of our revenue have been generated by sales to a relatively small number of customers. Our top three customers accounted for 65% of our total revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2005. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Samsung and Midoriya (Sony) each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. Substantially all of our revenue to date has been denominated in U.S. dollars. Our products are manufactured primarily by United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), a semiconductor manufacturer located in Taiwan.
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We operate primarily through subsidiaries and offices located in California, Taiwan and China. Trident Microsystems, Inc. (TMI), located in Sunnyvale, California, acts as an administrative home office, operating through our 99.99% owned subsidiary, Trident Technology, Inc. (TTI), located in Taipei, Taiwan, TTI’s US Branch located in Sunnyvale, California and our 100% owned subsidiary, Trident Multimedia Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (TMT), located in Shanghai, China. The Company also maintains a transaction center in Hong Kong, Trident Microsystems Far East (TMFE).
References to “we,” “Trident,” or the “Company” in this report refer to Trident Microsystems, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Recent Developments
On October 24, 2005 we held our annual meeting of stockholders and the stockholders approved an increase in our authorized common stock from 60 million shares to 95 million shares. On October 25, 2005, our board of directors approved a two for one stock split in the form of a 100% stock dividend to stockholders of record on November 7, 2005, payable on or after November 18, 2005. Trident stock began trading on a split-adjusted basis on November 21, 2005.
On November 28, 2005, our Board of Directors appointed Dr. Jung-Herng Chang as President, effective immediately. Dr. Chang was previously president of our principal operating subsidiary, Trident Technologies, Inc. (“TTI”), and will continue to hold that position in addition to his new duties.
Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to customer programs and incentives, product returns, bad debts, inventories, equity investments, income taxes, financing operations, warranty obligations, excess component order cancellation costs, restructuring, long-term service contracts, pensions and other post-retirement benefits, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.
Revenue recognition.We recognize revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104. Accordingly, revenue is recognized generally upon shipment, when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, title and risk of loss pass to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable, and collection of the receivable is reasonably assured. A reserve for sales returns is established based on historical trends in product returns. Sales to resellers, which may eventually be subject to requests for return or price protection, are deferred and recognized when any such rights or expectations expire upon sale and shipment to the end user customers. Approximately 49% and 30% of our sales in the six months ending December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, were from distributors. We record estimated reductions to revenue for customer programs and incentive offerings including special pricing agreements, promotions, historical returns, inventory levels at distributors and other volume-based incentives. If market conditions were to decline, we may take actions to increase customer incentive offerings, possibly resulting in an incremental reduction of revenue at the time the incentive is offered.
Stock-based compensation.On July 1, 2005, we adopted SFAS 123(R) “Share Based Payment” and its related implementation guidance in accounting for stock-based employee compensation arrangements. This Statement requires the recognition of the fair value of stock compensation in net income. This Statement generally requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award.
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The valuation model for stock compensation expense requires us to make several assumptions and judgments about the variables to be assumed in the calculation including expected life of the stock option, historical volatility of the underlying security, an assumed risk free interest rate and estimated forfeitures over the expected life of the option. To the extent actual results differ from our estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised. The dividend yield of zero is based on the fact that we have never paid cash dividends and have no present intention to pay cash dividends. The expected life represents the weighted average period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding giving consideration to vesting schedules and our historical exercise patterns; expected volatilities are based on historical volatilities of our common stock; the risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option; and we consider many factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including types of awards, employee class, and historical experience. Stock-based compensation expense will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). No compensation expense is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. The Company has decided to use the Modified Prospective Application the (MPA) method for adopting SFAS 123(R). Under this method, the provisions of SFAS 123(R) apply to all awards granted or modified after the date of adoption. In addition, the unrecognized expense of awards not yet vested at the date of adoption shall be recognized in net income in the periods after the date of adoption using the same valuation method (i.e.Black-Scholes) and assumptions determined under the original provisions of SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,”as disclosed in our previous filings.
Allowance for doubtful accounts. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments based on historical experience. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.
Product warranty.We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized based on historical trends. While we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from our estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required.
Inventories.Inventories are stated principally at standard cost adjusted to approximate the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market (net realizable value). Finished goods are reported as inventories until the point of title transfer to the customer. We write down our inventory for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required.
Valuation of long-lived assets and intangible assets.We currently evaluate our long-lived assets, including property and equipment, intangibles and other long-lived assets, for impairment in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, “Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by a comparison of the assets’ carrying amount to their expected future undiscounted net cash flows. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured based on the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Factors considered important that could result in an impairment review include significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of use of acquired assets or the strategy for our business, significant negative industry or economic trends, and/or a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period of time.
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We account for our purchases of acquired companies in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and account for the related acquired intangible assets in accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” In accordance with SFAS No. 141, we allocate the cost of the acquired companies to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the remaining amount being classified as goodwill. Certain intangible assets, such as “developed technologies,” are amortized to expense over time. We assess the technological feasibility of in-process research and development projects and determine the number of alternative future uses for the technology being developed. To the extent there are no alternative future uses we allocate a portion of the purchase price to in-process R&D, which is immediately expensed in the period the acquisition is completed. This expense is generally estimated based upon the projected fair value of the technology, as determined by a discounted future cash flow reduced by the cost to complete. This includes certain estimates and assumptions made by management. For larger acquisitions, we will engage an external appraiser to assist with the assumptions and models used in this type of analysis.
We assess the carrying value of our long-lived assets if events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows attributable to such assets. With respect to long lived assets, factors, which could trigger an impairment review, include significant negative industry or economic trends, exiting an activity in conjunction with a restructuring of operations, current, historical or projected losses that demonstrate continuing losses associated with an asset or a significant decline in our market capitalization for an extended period of time, relative to net book value. Impairment evaluations involve management estimates of asset useful lives and future cash flows. These estimates include assumptions about future conditions such as future revenues, gross margins, operating expenses, the fair values of certain assets based on appraisals, and industry trends. Actual useful lives and cash flows could be different from those estimated by our management. This could have a material effect on our operating results and financial position.
Valuation of equity investments.We hold minority interests in companies having operations or technology in areas generally within our strategic focus, one of which is publicly traded and has a highly volatile share price. We record an investment impairment charge when we believe an investment has experienced a decline in value that is other-than-temporary. Future adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of underlying investments could result in losses or an inability to recover the carrying value of the investments that may not be reflected in an investment’s current carrying value, thereby possibly requiring an impairment charge in the future.
Income Taxes.We account for income taxes in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 109 (“SFAS 109”), “Accounting for Income Taxes.” As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves us estimating our actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheet. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the statement of operations. In a reverse, when it is more likely than not that we will have sufficient future taxable income to utilize our deferred tax assets, we will eliminate our valuation allowance against these deferred tax assets. For interim reporting the effect of a change in judgment about the realiziability of deferred tax assets related to future years’ income should be recognized as of the date of the change in circumstances and should not be allocated to subsequent interim periods by an adjustment of the estimated annual effective tax rate for the remainder of the year.
The valuation allowance is based on our estimates of taxable income by each jurisdiction in which we operate and the period over which our deferred tax assets will be recoverable. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates or we adjust these estimates in future periods we may need to establish an additional valuation allowance which could materially impact our financial position and results of operations.
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Litigation and other contingencies.We account for litigation and contingencies in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“SFAS 5”), SFAS No. 5 requires that we record an estimated loss from a loss contingency when information available prior to issuance of our financial statements indicates that it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. While we believe that our accruals for these matters are adequate, if the actual losses from loss contingencies or restructuring liabilities are significantly different than the estimated loss, our results of operations may be materially affected. We have been required to make such adjustments to these types of estimates in the past.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the results of operations expressed as percentages of revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Six Months Ended | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Revenues | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % | | | 100.0 | % |
Cost of revenues | | | 45.6 | | | | 44.8 | | | | 44.7 | | | | 44.7 | |
Cost of revenues — amortization of intangible assets | | | 2.9 | | | | — | | | | 3.2 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | | 51.5 | | | | 55.2 | | | | 52.1 | | | | 55.3 | |
Research and development expenses | | | 20.1 | | | | 36.1 | | | | 21.0 | | | | 32.2 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 12.6 | | | | 17.8 | | | | 13.4 | | | | 15.9 | |
In-process research and development expenses | | | — | | | | 3.8 | | | | — | | | | 1.8 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from operations | | | 18.8 | | | | (2.5 | ) | | | 17.7 | | | | 5.4 | |
(Loss) gain on investments, net | | | (0.4 | ) | | | (0.5 | ) | | | (0.4 | ) | | | 1.0 | |
Interest and other income, net | | | 1.6 | | | | 0.9 | | | | 1.6 | | | | 0.7 | |
Minority interests in subsidiaries | | | — | | | | (2.1 | ) | | | — | | | | (2.9 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | | | 20.0 | | | | (4.2 | ) | | | 18.9 | | | | 4.2 | |
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes | | | (1.0 | ) | | | (0.7 | ) | | | 1.1 | | | | 1.6 | |
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | 0.2 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | | 21.0 | % | | | (3.5 | )% | | | 18.0 | % | | | 2.6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table provides statement of operations data and the percentage change from the prior year (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended December 31, | | | Six Months Ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | % change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | % change | |
Revenues | | $ | 40,614 | | | $ | 15,387 | | | | 164 | % | | $ | 73,818 | | | $ | 31,989 | | | | 131 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 18,533 | | | | 6,888 | | | | 169 | % | | | 32,987 | | | | 14,306 | | | | 131 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues — amortization of intangible assets | | | 1,164 | | | | — | | | | 100 | % | | | 2,356 | | | | — | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 20,917 | | | | 8,499 | | | | 146 | % | | | 38,475 | | | | 17,683 | | | | 118 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development expenses | | | 8,166 | | | | 5,559 | | | | 47 | % | | | 15,523 | | | | 10,297 | | | | 51 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales, general and administrative expenses | | | 5,098 | | | | 2,733 | | | | 87 | % | | | 9,915 | | | | 5,091 | | | | 95 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In-process research and development expenses | | | — | | | | 585 | | | | (100 | )% | | | — | | | | 585 | | | | (100 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from operations | | $ | 7,653 | | | $ | (378 | ) | | | 2125 | % | | $ | 13,037 | | | $ | 1,710 | | | | 662 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Revenues
Revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2005 increased 164% to $40.6 million from the $15.4 million reported in the three months ended December 31, 2004. Revenues for the six months ended December 31, 2005 increased 131% to $73.8 million from the $32.0 million reported in the six months ended December 31, 2004. The increase in revenues for the six months ended December 31, 2005 was primarily attributed to continued success of our Super Video Processor (SVP-EX) products in the digital and liquid crystal display television markets. Our unit sales volume of these products increased by more than 180% in the quarter ended December 31, 2005 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2004, however, as is typical with consumer electronics markets, average selling prices decreased by approximately 6% over the same time period. Although we typically experience seasonally slower March and June quarters for consumer electronics, our SVP-EX product is continuing to be introduced into many new models with LCD-TV manufacturers, as a result of which, we anticipate sequential growth in revenues in each quarter throughout the remainder of calendar year 2006.
Sales to customers in Asia, primarily Japan, Korea and China, accounted for 36%, 29%, and 21%, respectively, of our revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2005. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily China and Japan, accounted for 58%, and 24%, respectively, of our revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2004. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily Japan, Korea and China, accounted for 37%, 30%, and 20%, respectively, of our revenues in the six months ended December 31, 2005. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily China and Japan, accounted for 57% and 25%, respectively, of our revenues in the six months ended December 31, 2004. We expect Asian customers will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenues in future periods.
In the three months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Midoriya (Sony) and Samsung each accounted for more than 10% of revenues. In the three months ended December 31, 2004, sales to six customers, Skyworth (a television manufacturer located in China), TCL Electronics (a television manufacturer located in China), Midoriya (Sony), Hisense (a television manufacturer located in China), Innotech (a distributor for Toshiba) and Hongdin (a distributor for television manufacturers located in China), each accounted for more than 10% of revenues,. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Samsung and Midoriya (Sony), each accounted for more than 10% of revenues. In the six months ended December 31, 2004, sales to four customers, Skyworth, Midoriya, Hisense, and Innotech, each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. Approximately 49% and 31%, respectively, of our sales in the three months ending December 31, 2005 and 2004 were through distributors. Approximately 49% and 30%, respectively, of our sales in the six months ending December 31, 2005 and 2004 were through distributors.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased to $20.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2005, from $8.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2004 and increased to $38.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2005, from $17.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2004. The increase was due to increased revenues from our DPTV product line. Our gross margin as a percentage of revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2005 decreased to 51.5% of revenues from 55.2% for the three months ended December 31, 2004. The 51.5% Gross Margin as percentage of revenues was affected by several factors in the second fiscal quarter of 2006 relative to the second fiscal quarter of 2005 including, a negative variance of 290 basis points due to amortization of intangibles, a negative variance of 170 basis points for an event driven yield issue on new product being introduced, and a positive variance or benefit of 70 basis points from the sale of previously reserved product net of additions to inventory reserves (see below). If these items had been excluded the gross margin would have been similar to levels as the same quarter of the previous year.
For the six months ended December 31 the Gross Margin was 52.1% as compared to 55.3% for the same six month period of the previous year. The difference of 320 basis points is explained by the amortization of intangible assets which was included in fiscal 2006 but did not begin until the last quarter of fiscal 2005.
In the three and six months ended December 31, 2005, respectively, revenues from the sale of previously reserved products was $1.8 million and $0.6 million or 4.4% and 0.8% of total revenues as compared to $1.2 million and $ 1.6 million or 7.8% and 5.0% of revenues from the same quarter and six month period one year earlier. The primary reasons for the sales of previously reserved inventory related to the timing of transitions to newer generations of similar products. We estimate when a new product introduction will occur which can and does result in existing product that is being replaced becoming obsolete which can be over a relatively short time horizon. The timing and volume of the new product introduction can be impacted significantly by events out of our control including changes in customer product introduction schedules.
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The original cost of the reserved inventory that was subsequently sold in the three and six months ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 respectively was approximately $ 0.8 million and $0.3 million and $ 0.6 million and $ 0.8 million. Due to the previously booked reserves there were no costs reflected with respect to these product sales which in effect provided a benefit to the current income statement to the extent of the original costs relative to what would have been reflected otherwise. At the same time additional inventory reserves for other products were also charged to the income statement for the three and six month periods ending December 31, 2005 in the amounts of approximately $0.5 million and $0.6 million respectively as compared to approximately $0.6 million and $0.8 million for the same respective three and six month periods of the previous year. The net effect of inventory reserve changes on cost of goods sold and gross margin was a net credit of $0.3 million in the second fiscal quarter of 2006 and a $0.3 million charge for the six months ended December 31, 2005 and a zero net effect on the comparable second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2005.
We believe that the prices of our products will continue to decline over time as competition increases and new and more advanced products are introduced. We expect average selling prices of existing products to continue to decline, although the average selling prices of our entire product line may remain constant or increase as a result of introductions of new higher-performance products which may have additional functionality. Our strategy is to maintain and optimize gross margins by (1) managing average selling price erosion in pricing negotiations with customers (2) developing new and more advanced products that can add relative value to the selling price, (3) reducing manufacturing costs by improving production yield and (4) aggressively developing more cost effective products. There is no assurance that we will be able to develop and introduce new products on a timely basis or that we can reduce manufacturing costs or improve margins.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2005 increased to $8.2 million from $5.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2004. As a percentage of revenues, research and development expenses decreased to 20.1% for the three months ended December 31, 2005, from 36.1% for the three months ended December 31, 2004. Research and development expenses for the six months ended December 31, 2005 increased to $15.5 million from $10.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2004. As a percentage of revenues, research and development expenses decreased to 21.0% for the six months ended December 31, 2005, from 32.2% for the six months ended December 31, 2004. The increase in research and development expenses in actual dollars for the three months ended December 31, 2005 is primarily the result of increased spending on additional personnel of $1.3 million due to increases in headcount, salaries and bonuses, additional tape-out expenditures of $666,000 due to increased research expenditures relating to our SVP-LX and SVP-PX products and stock-based compensation expense of $1.0 million. The increase in research and development expenses in actual dollars for the six months ended December 31, 2005 is primarily the result of increased spending on additional personnel of $2.6 million due to increases in headcount, salaries and bonuses, additional tape-out expenditures of $782,000 and stock-based compensation expense of $1.9 million. The decrease in research and development expenses as a percentage of revenue is primarily attributable to revenues increasing at a proportionately higher rate than research and development expenses.
We are currently planning to continue development of the next generation DPTV™ products as well as other advanced products for the digital television market in the U.S., China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Europe, and therefore we expect research and development expense to continue to increase.
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Selling, General and Administrative
Sales, general and administrative expenses increased to $5.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2005 from $2.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2004. Sales, general and administrative expenses decreased as a percentage of revenues to 12.6% in the three months ended December 31, 2005 from 17.8% in the three months ended December 31, 2004. Sales, general and administrative expenses increased to $9.9 million in the six months ended December 31, 2005 from $5.1 million in the six months ended December 31, 2004. Sales, general and administrative expenses decreased as a percentage of revenues to 13.5% in the six months ended December 31, 2005 from 15.9% in the six months ended December 31, 2004. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in actual dollars for the three months ended December 31, 2005 was due to an increase in third party sales representative commission expenses of $709,000 due to increased product sales, an increase in personnel expenses of $633,000 comprising mostly increases in bonuses and commissions primarily relating to increased sales, an increase in professional fees of $238,000 primarily relating to higher audit fees for compliance with Sarbanes Oxley requirements, and an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $479,000 due to new option grants. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses in actual dollars for the six months ended December 31, 2005 was due to an increase in sales representative commission expenses of $1.3 million due to increased product sales, an increase in personnel expenses of $1.1 million comprising mostly bonuses and payroll taxes, an increase in professional fees of $1.3 million primarily relating to higher audit fees for compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley Act requirements, and an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $1.0 million. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues is primarily attributable to revenues increasing proportionately higher than the increase in sales, general and administrative expenses. We will continue to monitor and control our sales, general and administrative expenses.
In-process research and development expenses
During the three months ended December 31, 2004, we reacquired an additional 4% equity interest from several minority stockholders of TTI. Accordingly a preliminary estimate of in-process research and development expenses of $585,000 was expensed as incurred. This expense was based upon an estimate of discounted cash flows and identification of core and in-process technologies being acquired. As of December 31, 2005, the products developed with the acquired DPTV and HDTV products technology were under customer evaluation, which we expect to be completed by the end of March 2006.
Interest and Other Income and Expense, Net
Net interest and other income of $642,000 for the quarter ended December 31, 2005 represents interest income of $483,000 and currency exchange gains of $174, 000, offset by net non-operating expenses of $15,000. Net interest and other income of $1,153,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2005 primarily comprises interest income of $737,000 and a cash dividend of $245,000 received on the UMC securities we currently hold. Net interest and other income of $127,000 for the three months ended December 31, 2004 primarily comprises interest income of $126,000. Net interest and other income of $227,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2004 primarily comprises interest income of $217,000. The amount of interest income earned by us varies directly with the amount of our cash and cash equivalents and the prevailing interest rates.
Minority Interests in subsidiaries
Minority interests represent the share of income relating to minority shareholders of our consolidated subsidiaries. The minority interests remaining in our TTI subsidiary is 0.01% and no significant minority interest charge is expected in future periods.
Provision for Income Taxes
We determined in the second quarter of fiscal year 2006 that it is more likely than not that TTI will have sufficient future taxable income to utilize its deferred tax assets and accordingly eliminated the valuation allowances against these deferred tax assets. This led to a tax benefit of approximately of $1.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2005. The valuation allowances we eliminated related mainly to TTI’s deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2005. A provision of $787,000 was recorded for the six months ended December 31, 2005 from a
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provision of $516,000 for the six months ended December 31, 2004. This was primarily the result of elimination of the valuation allowance which was offset by a provision of $2.9 million which was primarily due to profitable operations in Taiwan recorded in the six months ended December 31, 2005. We estimate that our effective tax rate in fiscal 2006 is approximately 20%. The change in our income tax rate from fiscal 2005 to fiscal 2006 is the result of a higher proportion of taxable income generated in Taiwan, where our sales operations are currently located, relative to a smaller amount of operating expenses generated in the United States, where we cannot currently take a benefit for tax purposes due to the uncertainty of our ability to generate sufficient taxable income in the United States to ensure the benefit could be realized.
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle
The adoption of SFAS 123(R) resulted in a cumulative benefit from an accounting change of $171,000 related to unvested awards for which compensation expense had already been recorded. This was a one-time adjustment upon the adoption of SFAS 123(R) and we expect no adjustment in future periods.
Stock-based compensation expense
Stock compensation expenses include the amortization of the fair value of share-based payments made to employees and the Board of Directors, primarily in the form of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan as we adopted the provision of SFAS 123(R) on July1, 2005 (see Note 7 — Stock-based Compensation). The fair value of stock options granted is recognized as an expense as the underlying stock options vest.
We use the modified prospective method to value our share-based payments under SFAS 123(R). Accordingly, for the three and six months ended December 31, 2005, we accounted for stock compensation under SFAS 123(R) while for the three and six months ended December 31, 2004, we accounted for stock compensation under APB 25. Under APB 25, we were generally required to record compensation expense only if there were positive differences between the market value of our common stock and the exercise price of the options granted to employees as of the date of the grant. Under SFAS 123(R), however, we record compensation expense for all share-based payments made to employees based on the fair value at the date of the grant. Therefore, stock compensation for the three and six months ended December 31, 2005 is not comparable to the prior-year periods.
As noted in Note 7 to the financial statements, the adoption of SFAS 123(R) added approximately $1.4 million in net income to our three months ended December 31, 2005 and $6.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2005. This was largely driven by a difference in the remeasurement methodology under SFAS 123(R) compared to APB25 when applied to the stock options converted upon the acquisition of the TTI minority interest on March 31, 2005. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, with the adoption of SFAS 123(R) the deferred stock compensation cost of $36.3 million based on APB25 on the balance sheet as of June 30, 2005 was reversed against paid-in-capital. Total compensation cost of options granted but not yet vested as of the six months ended December 31, 2005 was $26.3 million, which is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of 3 years.
Investment in UMC and Other Investments
As of December 31, 2005, the Company owned approximately 82.8 million shares of United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC) which represents about 0.5% of the outstanding stock of UMC. See Part I, Item 1, Notes 8 and 11 above (“Investment in UMC” and “Comprehensive Income (Loss),” respectively) for discussion of this investment and related losses. During the quarter ended December 31, 2005, we recognized a net loss on investments totaling $167,000. During the quarter ended December 31, 2004, we recognized a net loss on investments totaling $70,000. During the six months ended December 31, 2005 we recognized a net loss on investments of $268,000. During the six months ended December 31, 2004 we recognized a net gain on investments of $331,000.
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Under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”), a company meeting the definition of an “investment company” is subject to various legal requirements on its operations. A company may become subject to the 1940 Act if, among other reasons, it owns investment securities with a value exceeding 40 percent of the value of our total assets (excluding government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, unless a particular exemption or safe harbor applies. “Investment securities” do not include interests in majority owned subsidiaries, and we intend to maintain a majority interest in our subsidiaries, including TTI, for the foreseeable future. We do hold other securities, including shares in UMC, and the value of those securities fluctuates significantly. At times, the total value of the investment securities we hold may, and recently has, exceeded 40% of total assets. However, we are, and intend to remain, an operating company. Our efforts are focused almost exclusively on our digital media business and we intend to continue to conduct business as an operating company, and to take such actions as are necessary to ensure we are not, and are not regulated as, an investment company. However, if the value of our investment in other securities, including shares of UMC, exceeds 40% of our total assets, we may in the future be required to sell some or all of such securities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2005, our principal sources of liquidity included cash and cash equivalents of $68.7 million, which increased from $37.6 million at June 30, 2005. During the six months ended December 31, 2005, $30.0 million of cash was provided by operations, compared to the six months ended December 31, 2004, during which $7.2 million of cash was provided by operations. Cash provided by operations in the six months ended December 31, 2005 was primarily due to increased operating income and decreases in accounts receivable of $1.9 million, increases in accounts payable of $4.8 million, accrued liabilities of $4.7 million, and income taxes payable of $2.9 million, offset by an increase in inventories of $1.6 million and deferred income taxes of $2.2 million. During the six months ended December 31, 2004, $7.2 million of cash was provided by operations. Cash provided by operations in the six months ended December 31, 2004 was primarily due to increased operating income and an increase in accounts payable of $3.3 million, offset by an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $1.1 million.
Accounts receivable decreased due to accelerated payments from customers. Accounts payable increased due to increases in inventories and cost of goods sold which relate to increased revenues. Accrued liabilities increased primarily due to accrued dealer commissions and bonuses largely relating to our increased revenue and to an increase in accrued stock options relating to an increase in stock option exercises in the three months ended December 31, 2005. Inventories increased primarily as a result of the need to meet sales requirements. Deferred taxes increased due to an increase in deferred tax assets relating to our TTI subsidiary. Income taxes payable increased primarily due to the tax provision made for profitable operations.
During the six months ended December 31, 2005, $3.2 million was used by investing activities of which $1.5 million was used for minority investments in three private companies, $1.1 million was used for the purchase of fixed assets and $475,000 was used primarily for the purchase of engineering software licenses. During the six months ended December 31, 2004, $6.1 million was used in investing activities of which $877,000 was primarily provided by the proceeds from the sale of TTI stock, and $22,000 of cash provided by the sale of a long-term investment, offset by $1.0 million was used in the purchase of investments, $5.2 million was used in the purchase of our TTI subsidiary’s stock, $1.1 million of cash used primarily in the purchase of engineering software license fees and $272,000 of cash used in the purchase of property plant and equipment.
During the six months ended December 31, 2005, $4.2 million of net cash was provided by financing activities relating to the exercise of employee stock options, which increased over the period as a result in the increase in our stock prices compared to prior periods. During the six months ended December 31, 2004, $1.6 million of net cash was provided by financing activities which relates to the exercise of employee stock options in TMI of which $690,000 was provided by the exercise of TTI employee stock options.
While we are an operating company not in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities, we monitor the advisability of disposing of our UMC stock and intend to sell all or part of the stock when it is in the best interests of our stockholders to do so.
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We believe our current resources are sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next twelve months. We regularly consider transactions to finance our activities, including debt and equity offerings and new credit facilities or other financing transactions. We believe our current resources are adequate.
Contractual Obligations
As of December 31, 2005, our principal commitments consisted of obligations outstanding under non-cancelable operating leases and unconditional purchase order commitments for wafers and chipsets. Our operating lease commitments include the lease of our headquarters in Sunnyvale, California and leases for four premises in China, two premises in Taiwan and one premise in Tokyo, Japan. Our lease agreements expire at various dates through 2010 and require payment of property taxes, insurance, maintenance and utilities. The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2005 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments due by period | |
| | | | | | Less than | | | 1 - 3 | | | 3 - 5 | | | More than | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | | 1 year | | | years | | | Years | | | 5 years | |
Operating Leases | | $ | 3.1 | | | $ | 3.1 | | | $ | 1.0 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase Obligations | | | 11.5 | | | | 11.2 | | | | 0.3 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 14.6 | | | $ | 13.3 | | | $ | 1.3 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
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Factors That May Affect Our Results
Our success depends upon the digital television market and we must continue to develop new products and to enhance our existing products.
The digital television industry is characterized by rapidly changing technology, frequent new product introductions, and changes in customer requirements. Our future success depends on our ability to anticipate market needs and develop products that address those needs. As a result, our products could quickly become obsolete if we fail to predict market needs accurately or develop new products or product enhancements in a timely manner. The long-term success in the digital television business will depend on the introduction of successive generations of products in time to meet the design cycles as well as the specifications of television original equipment manufacturers. Our failure to predict market needs accurately or to develop new products or product enhancements in a timely manner will harm market acceptance and sales of our products. If the development or enhancement of these products or any other future products takes longer than we anticipate, or if we are unable to introduce these products to market, our sales will not increase. Even if we are able to develop and commercially introduce these new products, the new products may not achieve widespread market acceptance necessary to provide an adequate return on our investment.
We have had fluctuations in quarterly results in the past and may continue to experience such fluctuations in the future.
Our quarterly revenue and operating results have varied in the past and may fluctuate in the future due to a number of factors including:
• | | uncertain demand in new markets in which we have limited experience; |
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• | | fluctuations in demand for our products, including seasonality; |
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• | | unexpected product returns or the cancellation or rescheduling of significant orders; |
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• | | our ability to develop, introduce, ship and support new products and product enhancements and to manage product transitions; |
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• | | new product introductions by our competitors; |
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• | | seasonality, particularly in the third quarter of each fiscal year, due to the extended holidays relating to the Chinese New Year; |
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• | | our ability to achieve required cost reductions; |
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• | | our ability to attain and maintain production volumes and quality levels for our products; |
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• | | delayed new product introductions; |
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• | | unfavorable responses to new products; |
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• | | adverse economic conditions, particularly in Asia; and |
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• | | the mix of products sold and the mix of distribution channels through which they are sold. |
These factors are difficult or impossible to forecast, and these or other factors could seriously harm our business.
We recognized operating income in the six months ended December 31, 2005
Our shift to digital television products has significantly improved our customer base, products and marketing over the last two years. However, there is no guarantee that our efforts will continue to be successful.
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The average selling prices of our products may decline over relatively short periods.
Average selling prices for our products may decline over relatively short time periods, while many of our costs are fixed. On average over the past year the company has experienced ASP declines over the course of 12 months of anywhere from approximately 10-20% per year in reductions to average selling price of a given product. This annual pace of price decline for products or technology is generally expected by the company in the consumer electronics industry. It is also possible for the pace of ASP decline to accelerate beyond these levels for certain products in a commoditizing market. When our average selling prices decline, our gross profits decline unless we are able to sell more products or reduce the cost to manufacture our products. The company generally attempts to combat ASP decline through various means including designing new products for reduced costs, innovating to integrate additional functions or features and working with our manufacturing partners to reduce the costs of manufacturing existing products. We have in the past and may in the future experience declining sales prices, which could negatively impact our revenues, gross profits and financial results. We therefore need to sell our current products in increasing volumes to offset any decline in their average selling prices, and introduce new products with improved gross margins, which we may be unable to do, or do on a timely basis.
Dilution of stockholders’ interest may occur as a result of acquisitions of new businesses or technologies and we may be unable to successfully integrate any acquired businesses, products or technologies.
As part of our business strategy, we review acquisition and strategic investment prospects that would complement our current product offerings, augment our market coverage or enhance our technical capabilities, or that may otherwise offer growth opportunities. We consider from time to time investment opportunities in new businesses, and we expect to make investments in and may acquire businesses, products or technologies in the future. In the event of any future acquisitions, we could issue equity securities, which would dilute current stockholders’ percentage ownership.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005, we completed the acquisition of the minority interest in our subsidiary TTI by issuing approximately 3.8 million Trident Microsystems common shares and assuming outstanding options to purchase TTI shares which became exercisable for approximately 5.6 million shares of Trident Microsystems common stock. In addition, we used approximately $6.2 million in cash for TTI treasury stock purchases. Our operating results in future quarters will be affected by non-cash based amortization of acquired technology and deferred compensation.
These actions could affect our operating results and/or the price of our common stock. Acquisitions and investment activities also entail numerous risks, including: difficulties in the assimilation of acquired operations, technologies or products; unanticipated costs associated with the acquisition or investment transaction; adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; risk associated with entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations.
We may not be able to successfully integrate any businesses, products, technologies or personnel that we might acquire in the future, and our failure to do so could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry may lead to significant variances in the demand for our products.
In the past, the semiconductor industry has experienced significant downturns and wide fluctuations in supply and demand. The semiconductor industry has also experienced fluctuations in anticipation of changes in general economic conditions, including economic conditions in Asia. These cycles have resulted in significant variations and fluctuations in product demand and production capacity, and may have added to the decline in average selling prices per unit. We may experience periodic fluctuations in our future financial results due to similar changes and fluctuations in industry-wide conditions and the semiconductor industry in general.
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We currently rely on certain international customers for a substantial portion of our revenue and are subject to risks inherent in conducting business outside of the United States.
As a result of our focus on Digital Media products, we expect to be primarily dependent on international sales and operations, particularly in Taiwan, Japan, Korea and China, which are expected to constitute a significant portion of our sales in the future. There are a number of risks arising from our international business, which could adversely affect future results, including:
• | | exchange rate variations, tariffs, import restrictions and other trade barriers; |
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• | | difficulties in collecting accounts receivable; |
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• | | difficulties in managing distributors or representatives; |
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• | | political and economic instability, civil unrest, war or terrorist activities that impact international commerce; |
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• | | potential adverse tax consequences; |
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• | | difficulties in protecting intellectual property rights, particularly in countries where the laws and practices do not protect proprietary rights to as great an extent as do the laws and practices of the United States; and |
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• | | unexpected changes in regulatory requirements. |
Our international sales currently are U.S. dollar-denominated. As a result, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products less competitive in international markets.
The loss of any of our major customers or distributors could have a significant impact on our business.
We are and will continue to be dependent on a limited number of distributors and customers for a substantial amount of our revenue. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily Japan, Korea and China, accounted for 36%, 29%, and 21%, respectively, of our revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2005. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily Japan, Korea and China, accounted for 37%, 30%, and 20%, respectively, of our revenues in the six months ended December 31, 2005. Sales to customers in Asia, primarily China and Japan, accounted for 82%, of our revenues in both the three and six months ended December 31, 2004, respectively.
In the three months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Midoriya (Sony) and Samsung, each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. In the six months ended December 31, 2005, sales to two customers, Samsung and Midoriya (Sony), each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. In the three months ended December 31, 2004, sales to six customers, Skyworth (a television manufacturer located in China), TCL Electronics (a television manufacturer located in China), Midoriya (Sony), Hisense (a television manufacturer located in China), Innotech (a distributor for Toshiba) and Hongdin (a distributor for television manufacturers located in China), each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues. In the six months ended December 31, 2004, sales to four customers, Skyworth, Midoriya, Hisense, and Innotech, each accounted for more than 10% of total revenues.
Accordingly, the loss of or reductions in purchases of our products by any of these customers could cause our revenues to decline during the period, and have a material adverse impact on our financial results. We may be unable to replace any such lost sales by sales to any new customers or increased sales to existing customers.
Our dependence on sales to distributors increases the risks of managing our supply chain and may result in excess inventory or inventory shortages.
Currently the majority of our sales through distributors are made through distributors in Japan who function as purchasing conduits for each of two large Japanese OEM customers. In these two cases we also have a direct relationship with the OEM and generally the distributor does not take a large inventory position for resale, rather his function is to handle logisitics relative to importation, warehousing and delivery and make payment in US dollars for the OEM. In a much smaller proportion of our distributor sales we do have a more traditional distributor relationship that includes them taking inventory positions and reselling to multiple customers. With all distributor relationships we do not recognize revenue until the distributor sells through to his customer. The more traditional distributor relationships do reduce our ability to forecast sales and increases risks to our business. Since our distributors act as intermediaries between us and the end user customer, we must rely on our distributors to accurately report inventory levels and production forecasts. This requires us to manage a more complex supply chain and monitor the financial condition and credit worthiness of our distributors and the end user customer. Our failure to manage one or more of these risks could result in excess inventory or shortages that could seriously impact our operating results.
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We do not have long-term commitments from our customers, and plan purchases based upon our estimates of customer demand, which may require us to contract for the manufacture of our products based on inaccurate estimates.
Our sales are made on the basis of purchase orders rather than long-term purchase commitments. Our customers may cancel or defer purchases at any time. This requires us to forecast demand based upon assumptions that may not be correct. If our customers or we overestimate demand, we may create inventory that we may not be able to sell or use, resulting in excess inventory, which could become obsolete or negatively affect our operating results. Conversely, if our customers or we underestimate demand, or if sufficient manufacturing capacity is not available, we may lose revenue opportunities, damage customer relationships and we may not achieve expected revenue.
Intense competition exists in the market for digital media products.
We plan to continue developing the next generation of DPTV™ and HiDTV™, as well as other advanced products for digital TV and digital STB for the digital television market in the U.S., China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Europe. We believe the market for digital television will be competitive, and will require substantial research and development, technical support, sales and other expenditures to stay competitive in this market. In the digital television market our principal competitors are captive solutions from large TV OEM’s as well as merchant solutions from Toshiba, Philips Electronics, Micronas AG, Pixelworks, Inc., Genesis Microchip, Inc., ATI Technologies Inc., Zoran Corporation, ST Microelectronics, Morningstar, and Media Tek, Ltd. Certain of our current competitors and many potential competitors have significantly greater technical, manufacturing, financial and marketing resources than we have. Therefore, we expect to devote significant resources to the DPTV™ and HiDTV™ market even though competitors are substantially more experienced than we are in this market.
The level and intensity of competition has increased over the past year and we expect competition to continue to increase in the future. Competitive pressures caused by the current economic conditions have resulted in reductions in average selling prices of our products, and continued or increased competition could reduce our market share, require us to further reduce the prices of our products, affect our ability to recover costs or result in reduced gross margins.
If we do not achieve additional design wins in the future, our ability to sell additional products could be adversely affected.
Our future success depends on manufacturers of desktop and notebook PCs and consumer televisions designing our products into their products. To achieve design wins, we must define and deliver cost-effective, innovative and high performance integrated circuits. Once a supplier’s products have been designed into a system, the manufacturer may be reluctant to change components due to costs associated with qualifying a new supplier and determining performance capabilities of the component. Customers can choose at any time to discontinue using our products in their designs or product development efforts. Once a particular supplier’s product is selected, the manufacturer generally relies for a significant period of time upon this component. Accordingly, we may face narrow windows of opportunity to be selected as the supplier of component parts by significant new customers. It may be difficult for us to sell to a particular customer for a significant period of time once that customer selects a competitor’s product, and we may not be successful in obtaining broader acceptance of our products. If we are unable to achieve broader market acceptance of our products, we may be unable to maintain and grow our business and our operating results and financial condition will be adversely affected.
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We are vulnerable to undetected product problems.
Although we establish and implement test specifications, impose quality standards upon our suppliers and perform separate application-based compatibility and system testing, our products may contain undetected defects, which may or may not be material, and which may or may not have a feasible solution. Although we have experienced such errors in the past, significant errors have generally been detected relatively early in a product’s life cycle and therefore the costs associated with such errors have been immaterial. We cannot ensure that such errors will not be found from time to time in new or enhanced products after commencement of commercial shipments. These problems may materially adversely affect our business by causing us to incur significant warranty and repair costs, diverting the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts and causing significant customer relations problems. Defects or other performance problems in our products could result in financial or other damages to our customers or could damage market acceptance of our products. Our customers could seek damages from us for their losses.
Our reliance upon independent foundries could make it difficult to maintain product flow and affect our sales.
If the demand for our products grows, we will need to increase our material purchases, contract manufacturing capacity and internal test and quality functions. Any disruptions in product flow could limit our revenue, adversely affect our competitive position and reputation and result in additional costs or cancellation of orders under agreements with our customers.
We do not own or operate fabrication facilities and do not manufacture our products internally. We currently rely on one third-party foundry to manufacture our products in wafer form and other contract manufacturers for assembly and testing of our products. Generally, we place orders by purchase order, and foundries are not obligated to manufacture our products on a long-term fixed price basis, so they are not obligated to supply us with products for any specific period of time, in any specific quantity or at any specific price, except as may be provided in a particular purchase order. Our requirements typically represent only a small portion of the total production capacity of our contract manufacturers. Our contract manufacturers could re-allocate capacity to other customers, even during periods of high demand for our products. We have limited control over delivery schedules, quality assurance, manufacturing yields, potential errors in manufacturing and production costs. If we encounter shortages and delays in obtaining components, our ability to meet customer orders would be materially adversely affected. In addition, during periods of increased demand, putting pressure on the foundries to meet orders, we may have reduced control over pricing and timely delivery of components, and if the foundries increase the cost of components or subassemblies, we may not have alternative sources of supply to manufacture such components.
If we have to qualify a new contract manufacturer or foundry for any of our products, we may experience delays that result in lost revenues and damaged customer relationships.
We rely on a single supplier to manufacture our products in wafer form. Because the lead time required to establish a relationship with a new foundry is long, and it takes time to adapt a product’s design to a particular manufacturer’s processes, there is no readily available alternative source of supply for any specific product. This could cause significant delays in shipping products if we have to change our source of supply and manufacture quickly, which may result in lost revenues and damaged customer relationships.
The market price of our common stock has been, and may continue to be volatile.
The market price of our common stock has been, and may continue to be volatile. Factors such as new product announcements by us or our competitors, quarterly fluctuations in our operating results and unfavorable conditions in the digital television market may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock. These conditions, as well as factors that generally affect the market for stocks and stocks in high-technology companies in particular, could cause the price of our stock to fluctuate from time to time.
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Our success depends to a significant degree on the continued employment of key personnel.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of the principal members of our technical sales, marketing, engineering and management personnel, many of whom perform important management functions and would be difficult to replace. We particularly depend upon the continued services of our executive officers, particularly Frank Lin, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Jung-Herng Chang, President, John Edmunds, Chief Financial Officer and Peter Jen, Chief Administrative Officer and Senior Vice President of Asia Operations and other key engineering, sales, marketing, finance, manufacturing and support personnel. In addition, we depend upon the continued services of key management personnel at our overseas subsidiaries. Our officers and key employees are not bound by employment agreements for any specific term, and may terminate their employment at any time. In order to continue to expand our product offerings both in the U.S. and abroad, we must hire and retain a number of research and development personnel. Hiring technical sales personnel in our industry is very competitive due to the limited number of people available with the necessary technical skills and understanding of our technologies. Our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled personnel will be a critical factor in determining whether we will be successful in the future. Competition for highly skilled personnel continues to be increasingly intense, particularly in the areas we principally operate specifically Shanghai, China; Taipei, Taiwan; and Northern California. If we are not successful in attracting, assimilating or retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs, our business may be harmed.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our intellectual property rights, which may be difficult.
The digital media market is a highly competitive industry in which we, and most other participants, rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect proprietary rights. The competitive nature of our industry, rapidly changing technology, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements and evolving industry standards heighten the importance of protecting proprietary technology rights. Since the United States Patent and Trademark Office keeps patent applications confidential until a patent is issued, our pending patent applications may attempt to protect proprietary technology claimed in a third party patent application. Our existing and future patents may not be sufficiently broad to protect our proprietary technologies as policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent the misappropriation or unauthorized use of our technologies, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as U.S. law. Our competitors may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products or design around any of our patents or other intellectual property. If we are unable to adequately protect our proprietary technology rights, others may be able to use our proprietary technology without having to compensate us, which could reduce our revenues and negatively impact our ability to compete effectively. We have in the past, and may in the future, file lawsuits to enforce our intellectual property rights or to determine the validity or scope of the proprietary rights of others. As a result of any such litigation or resulting counterclaims, we could lose our proprietary rights and incur substantial unexpected operating costs. Any action we take to protect our intellectual property rights could be costly and could absorb significant management time and attention. In addition, failure to adequately protect our trademark rights could impair our brand identity and our ability to compete effectively.
We have been involved in intellectual property infringement claims, and may be involved in others in the future, which can be costly.
Our industry is very competitive and is characterized by frequent litigation alleging infringement of intellectual property rights. Numerous patents in our industry have already been issued and as the market further develops and additional intellectual property protection is obtained by participants in our industry, litigation is likely to become more frequent. From time to time, third parties have asserted and are likely in the future to assert patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights to technologies or rights that are important to our business. Historically we have been involved in such disputes. In addition, we have and may in the future enter into agreements to indemnify our customers for any expenses or liabilities resulting from claimed infringements of patents, trademarks or copyrights of third parties. Litigation or other disputes or negotiations arising from claims asserting that our products infringe or may infringe the proprietary rights of third parties, whether with or without merit, has been and may in the future be, time-consuming, resulting in significant expenses and diverting the efforts
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of our technical and management personnel. We do not have insurance against our alleged or actual infringement of intellectual property of others. These claims, if resolved adversely to us, could cause us to stop sales of our products which incorporate the challenged intellectual property and could also result in product shipment delays or require us to redesign or modify our products or to enter into licensing agreements. These licensing agreements, if required, would increase our product costs and may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If there is a successful claim of infringement or we fail to develop non-infringing technology or license the proprietary rights on a timely and reasonable basis, our business could be harmed.
Natural disasters could limit our ability to supply products.
Our primary suppliers and two of our three principal operating centers are located in California and Taiwan, both active earthquake fault zones. These regions have experienced large earthquakes in the past and may experience them in the future. A large earthquake in any of these areas could disrupt our manufacturing operations for an extended period of time, which would limit our ability to supply our products to our customers in sufficient quantities on a timely basis, harming our customer relationships.
Future terrorist attacks may affect our business.
We cannot guarantee that our business will be unaffected by terrorist attacks in the future. The impact and future effects of terrorism are currently uncertain, and we are unable to predict the future impact that terrorist attacks may have on our business and operations, the international markets in which we operate and the global economy in general.
Changes in our business organization will affect our operations.
Our principle design, development and marketing effort focuses primarily on our Digital Media products. These products are now our only product line and our success in the near term depends upon the growth of the market for these products and our success in this market. Our success in the longer term will also depend on our ability to develop and introduce other digital media products. Through our TTI subsidiary, we plan to continue developing the next generation DPTV™ and HDTV, as well as other advanced products for digital TV and digital STB for the digital television market in the U.S., China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Europe. While we anticipate this market to generate an increasing percentage of our revenues, we have limited experience with digital video television. There can be no guarantee that our digital media products will be accepted by the market or increase our revenues or profitability.
The performance of our investment in UMC is uncertain.
We hold a substantial investment in UMC as well as a few smaller investments in other companies. The values of these investments are subject to market price volatility. We have in the past incurred losses on our investments. In the future, we could further lose a portion of, or our entire investment, in these companies.
Under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”), a company meeting the definition of an “investment company” is subject to various legal requirements on its operations. A company may become subject to the 1940 Act if, among other reasons, it owns investment securities with a value exceeding 40 percent of the value of our total assets (excluding government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, unless a particular exemption or safe harbor applies. “Investment securities” do not include interests in majority owned subsidiaries, and we intend to maintain a majority interest in our subsidiaries, including TTI, for the foreseeable future. We do hold other securities, including shares in UMC, and the value of those securities fluctuates significantly. At times, the total value of the investment securities we hold may, and recently has, exceeded 40% of total assets. However, we are, and intend to remain, an operating company. Our efforts are focused almost exclusively on our digital media business and we intend to continue to conduct business as an operating company, and to take such actions as are necessary to ensure we are not, and are not regulated as, an investment company. However, if the value of our investment in other securities, including shares of UMC, exceeds 40% of our total assets, we may in the future be required to sell some or all of such securities.
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Changes in stock option accounting rules may adversely impact our reported operating results prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, our stock price and our competitiveness in the employee marketplace.
Technology companies like ours have a history of using stock-based employee stock option programs to hire, incentivize and retain our workforce in a competitive marketplace. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”) allowed companies the choice of either using a fair value method of accounting for options, which would result in expense recognition for all options granted, or using an intrinsic value method, as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB 25), with a pro forma disclosure of the impact on net income (loss) and earnings per share of using the fair value option expense recognition method. We had elected to apply APB 25 and accordingly we generally did not recognize any expense with respect to employee stock options as long as such options are granted at exercise prices equal to the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant.
In December 2004, the FASB issued a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, SFAS 123(R). This revised Statement supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance. This Statement establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. This Statement focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. This Statement requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award (with limited exceptions). That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award—the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). No compensation cost is recognized for equity instruments for which employees do not render the requisite service. Employee share purchase plans will not result in recognition of compensation cost if certain conditions are met; those conditions are much the same as the related conditions in Statement 123. This Statement became effective for us as of July 1, 2005.
It has a significant impact on our consolidated statement of operations as we are required to expense the fair value of our stock options rather than disclosing the impact on our consolidated result of operations within our footnotes in accordance with the disclosure provisions of SFAS 123. This could result in lower reported earnings per share in the future which could negatively impact our future stock price. In addition, this could impact our ability to utilize broad based employee stock plans to reward employees, affect our ability to retain existing employees and attract qualified employees, increase the cash compensation we might have to pay to employees, and could result in a competitive disadvantage to us in the employee marketplace.
We are exposed to increased costs and risks associated with complying with increasing and new regulation of corporate governance and disclosure standards.
We are spending an increasing amount of management time and external resources to comply with changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, new SEC regulations and Nasdaq Stock Market rules. In particular, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires management’s annual review and evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting, and attestations of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting by our independent registered public accounting firm. We have incurred additional costs, and expect such costs to continue in part in the future, in connection with the documentation, review, evaluation and attestation of our internal control systems and procedures and considering improvements that may be necessary in order for us to comply with the requirements of Section 404.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest rate risk
We currently maintain our cash equivalents primarily in money market funds and highly liquid marketable securities. We do not have any derivative financial instruments. As of December 31, 2005, approximately $68.7 million of our investments matured in less than three months. We will continue to invest a significant portion of our existing cash equivalents in interest bearing, investment grade securities, with maturities of less than three months. We do not believe that our investments, in the aggregate, have significant exposure to interest rate risk.
Exchange rate risk
We currently have operations in the United States, Taiwan and China. The functional currency of all our operations is the U.S. dollar. Though some expenses are denominated in local currencies by our Taiwan and China operations, substantially all of our transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars, hence, we have minimal exposure to foreign currency rate fluctuations.
While we expect our international revenues to continue to be denominated predominately in U.S. dollars, an increasing portion of our international revenues may be denominated in foreign currencies in the future. In addition, we plan to continue to expand our overseas operations. As a result, our operating results may become subject to significant fluctuations based upon changes in exchange rates of certain currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. We will analyze our exposure to currency fluctuations and may engage in financial hedging techniques in the future to attempt to minimize the effect of these potential fluctuations; however, exchange rate fluctuations may adversely affect our financial results in the future. There may be an increase in our expenses due to the appreciation of China’s Renminbi currency as we have facilities in Shanghai, China.
Investment risk
We are exposed to market risk as it relates to changes in the market value of our investments in public companies. We invest in equity instruments of public companies for business and strategic purposes and we have classified these securities as available-for-sale. These available-for-sale equity investments, primarily in technology companies, are subject to significant fluctuations in fair market value due to the volatility of the stock market and the industries in which these companies participate. As of December 31, 2005, we had available-for-sale equity investments with a fair market value of $46.9 million, all relating to shares of UMC held by us. Our objective in managing our exposure to stock market fluctuations is to minimize the impact of stock market declines to our earnings and cash flows. There are, however, a number of factors beyond our control. Continued market volatility, as well as mergers and acquisitions, have the potential to have a material impact on our results of operations in future periods.
We are also exposed to changes in the value of our investments in non-public companies, including privately-held start-up companies. During the three months ended December 31, 2005, we invested an additional $1.5 million in three such privately-held companies. These long-term equity investments in technology companies are subject to significant fluctuations in fair value due to the volatility of the industries in which these companies participate and other factors. For the six months ended December 31, 2005, we recognized an impairment loss of approximately $268,000 on our investments in private companies that we concluded was other-than-temporary. As of December 31, 2005, the balance of our long-term equity investments in non-public companies was approximately $4.1 million.
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Item 4: Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2005 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II: Other Information
Item 1: Legal Proceedings
Not applicable
Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable
Item 3: Defaults upon Senior Securities
Not applicable
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Item 4: Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
At Trident Microsystems’ Annual Stockholders’ meeting held on October 24, 2005, the following proposals were adopted by the margins indicated (share amounts are adjusted for the two for one split effected by the Company in the form of a 100% stock dividend to holders of record on November 9, 2005, payable on November 18, 2005):
Proposal 1 — to elect the following one (1) person as Class I director to hold office for a three-year term and until his respective successor is elected and qualified.
| | | | | | | | |
| | For | | | Withheld | |
Yasushi Chikagami | | | 45,809,940 | | | | 1,563,302 | |
Proposal 2 — to approve an amendment to the company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 60,000,000 to 95,000,000:
| | | | |
For | | | 44,013,416 | |
Against | | | 3,077,404 | |
Abstain | | | 282,422 | |
Broker non-vote | | | 0 | |
Proposal 3 — To ratify the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2006.
| | | | |
For | | | 45,666,700 | |
Against | | | 1,688,276 | |
Abstain | | | 18,266 | |
Broker non-vote | | | 0 | |
The foregoing matters are described in further detail in our definitive proxy statement dated February 28, 2005 for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on March 24, 2005.
Item 5: Other Information
In the three months ended December 31, 2005, we made new investments in three privately-held technology companies, for a total aggregate investment of $1.5 million. Of this investment, we invested $500,000 in Nanovata Design Automation, an EDA company, in its Series A Preferred Stock in November 2005. At the time of the investment, two of our executive officers, Mr. Frank Lin and Dr. J.H.Chang, each made an indirect investment in the same entity, in the aggregate amount of $400,000. The Board of Directors has determined to establish an investment committee to review future equity investments made by us.
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Item 6: Exhibits
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Exhibit | | Description |
2.1 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.2 | | Amendment to Securities Purchase Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.3 | | Share Subscription Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.4 | | Asset Purchase Agreement between XGI Cayman Ltd. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.5 | | Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement between XGI Cayman Ltd. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.6 | | License Agreement between Trident Microsystems, Inc. and XGI Cayman Ltd.(1) |
2.7 | | Capitalization Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
3.1 | | Restated Certificate of Incorporation.(2) |
3.2 | | Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation.(6) |
3.3 | | Amended and Restated Bylaws.(5) |
4.1 | | Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. |
4.2 | | Specimen Common Stock Certificate.(3) |
4.3 | | Form of Rights Agreement between the Company and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, LLC, as Rights Agent (including as Exhibit A the form of Certificates of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, as Exhibit B the form of Right Certificate, and as Exhibit C the Summary of Terms of Rights Agreement).(4) |
31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer(7) |
31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer(7) |
32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer(7) |
32.2 | | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer(7) |
| | |
(1) | | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K dated July 25, 2003. |
|
(2) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1993. |
|
(3) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-53768). |
|
(4) | | Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 21, 1998. |
|
(5) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Form 10-Q dated December 31, 2003. |
|
(6) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Form 10-Q dated March 31, 2004. |
|
(7) | | Filed herewith. |
-38-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on February 9, 2006, on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Trident Microsystems, Inc.
(Registrant)
/s/ Frank C. Lin
Frank C. Lin
President, Chief Executive Officer
and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ John S. Edmunds
John S. Edmunds
Chief Financial Officer
-39-
Index to Exhibits
| | |
Exhibit | | Description |
2.1 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.2 | | Amendment to Securities Purchase Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.3 | | Share Subscription Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.4 | | Asset Purchase Agreement between XGI Cayman Ltd. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.5 | | Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement between XGI Cayman Ltd. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
2.6 | | License Agreement between Trident Microsystems, Inc. and XGI Cayman Ltd.(1) |
2.7 | | Capitalization Agreement between XGI Technology Inc. and Trident Microsystems (Far East) Ltd.(1) |
3.1 | | Restated Certificate of Incorporation.(2) |
3.2 | | Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation.(6) |
3.3 | | Amended and Restated Bylaws.(5) |
4.1 | | Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. |
4.2 | | Specimen Common Stock Certificate.(3) |
4.3 | | Form of Rights Agreement between the Company and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, LLC, as Rights Agent (including as Exhibit A the form of Certificates of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, as Exhibit B the form of Right Certificate, and as Exhibit C the Summary of Terms of Rights Agreement).(4) |
31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer(7) |
31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer(7) |
32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer(7) |
32.2 | | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer(7) |
| | |
(1) | | Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Form 8-K dated July 25, 2003. |
|
(2) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1993 |
|
(3) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-53768). |
|
(4) | | Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 21, 1998. |
|
(5) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Form 10-Q dated December 31, 2003. |
|
(6) | | Incorporated by reference from exhibit of the same number to the Company’s Form 10-Q dated March 31, 2004. |
|
(7) | | Filed herewith. |