UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from | to | ||
Commission file number | 0-18630 | ||
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP | |||
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
Delaware | 95-4274680 | |
(State of other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California | 90012 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: | (213) 625-4700 | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes R No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer R | Accelerated filer ¨ | |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ¨ No R
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common stock, $.01 par value, 49,472,308 shares outstanding as of July 31, 2008.
1
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
2ND QUARTER 2008 REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 4 |
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) | 4 |
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) | 7 |
Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 21 |
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 46 |
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 47 |
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION | 47 |
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 47 |
Item 1A.RISK FACTORS | 47 |
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 49 |
Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | 49 |
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS | 49 |
Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION | 50 |
Item 6. EXHIBITS | 50 |
SIGNATURES | 52 |
2
Forward-Looking Statements
In this quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the term “Bancorp” refers to Cathay General Bancorp and the term “Bank” refers to Cathay Bank. The terms “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Bancorp and the Bank collectively. The statements in this report include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the applicable provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 regarding management’s beliefs, projections, and assumptions concerning future results and events. These forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, such words as "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "estimates," "may," "will," "should," "could," "predicts," "potential," "continue," or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees. They involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to adverse developments or conditions related to or arising from:
· | the impact of any goodwill impairment that may be determined; |
· | deterioration in asset or credit quality; |
· | acquisitions of other banks, if any; |
· | fluctuations in interest rates; |
· | expansion into new market areas; |
· | earthquake, wildfire or other natural disasters; |
· | competitive pressures; |
· | legislative and regulatory developments; and |
· | general economic or business conditions in California and other regions where the Bank has operations. |
These and other factors are further described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, (at Item 1A in particular) its reports and registration statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and other filings it makes in the future with the SEC from time to time. Actual results in any future period may also vary from the past results discussed in this report. Given these risks and uncertainties, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak to the date of this report. The Company has no intention and undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or to publicly announce the results of any revision of any forward-looking statement to reflect future developments or events.
The Company’s filings with the SEC are available to the public at the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov, or by requests directed to Cathay General Bancorp, 777 North Broadway, Los Angeles, California 90012, Attn: Investor Relations (213) 625-4749.
3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | % change | ||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) | ||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | $ | 114,270 | $ | 118,437 | (4 | ) | ||||
Short-term investments | 6,408 | 2,278 | 181 | |||||||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell | 150,000 | 516,100 | (71 | ) | ||||||
Long-term certificates of deposit | - | 50,000 | (100 | ) | ||||||
Securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $2,566,135 in 2008 and | ||||||||||
$2,348,606 in 2007) | 2,533,353 | 2,347,665 | 8 | |||||||
Trading securities | 75 | 5,225 | (99 | ) | ||||||
Loans | 7,327,724 | 6,683,645 | 10 | |||||||
Less: Allowance for loan losses | (84,856 | ) | (64,983 | ) | 31 | |||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees, net | (10,165 | ) | (10,583 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Loans, net | 7,232,703 | 6,608,079 | 9 | |||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 65,825 | 65,720 | 0 | |||||||
Other real estate owned, net | 29,077 | 16,147 | 80 | |||||||
Affordable housing investments, net | 103,795 | 94,000 | 10 | |||||||
Premises and equipment, net | 88,699 | 76,848 | 15 | |||||||
Customers’ liability on acceptances | 30,988 | 53,148 | (42 | ) | ||||||
Accrued interest receivable | 45,984 | 53,032 | (13 | ) | ||||||
Goodwill | 319,285 | 319,873 | (0 | ) | ||||||
Other intangible assets, net | 32,588 | 36,097 | (10 | ) | ||||||
Other assets | 58,865 | 39,883 | 48 | |||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,811,915 | $ | 10,402,532 | 4 | |||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||
Deposits | ||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits | $ | 818,776 | $ | 785,364 | 4 | |||||
Interest-bearing deposits: | ||||||||||
NOW deposits | 261,005 | 231,583 | 13 | |||||||
Money market deposits | 732,410 | 681,783 | 7 | |||||||
Savings deposits | 334,328 | 331,316 | 1 | |||||||
Time deposits under $100,000 | 1,424,692 | 1,311,251 | 9 | |||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more | 3,170,831 | 2,937,070 | 8 | |||||||
Total deposits | 6,742,042 | 6,278,367 | 7 | |||||||
Federal funds purchased | 81,000 | 41,000 | 98 | |||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 1,550,000 | 1,391,025 | 11 | |||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank | 1,116,713 | 1,375,180 | (19 | ) | ||||||
Other borrowings from financial institutions | 10,000 | 8,301 | 20 | |||||||
Other borrowings for affordable housing investments | 19,577 | 19,642 | (0 | ) | ||||||
Long-term debt | 171,136 | 171,136 | - | |||||||
Acceptances outstanding | 30,988 | 53,148 | (42 | ) | ||||||
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiary | 8,500 | 8,500 | - | |||||||
Other liabilities | 87,270 | 84,314 | 4 | |||||||
Total liabilities | 9,817,226 | 9,430,613 | 4 | |||||||
Commitments and contingencies | - | - | - | |||||||
Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares | ||||||||||
authorized, none issued | - | - | - | |||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, | ||||||||||
53,626,663 issued and 49,419,098 outstanding at June 30, 2008 and | ||||||||||
53,543,752 issued and 49,336,187 outstanding at December 31, 2007 | 536 | 535 | 0 | |||||||
Additional paid-in-capital | 485,762 | 480,557 | 1 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net | (18,998 | ) | (545 | ) | 3,386 | |||||
Retained earnings | 653,125 | 617,108 | 6 | |||||||
Treasury stock, at cost (4,207,565 shares at June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
and at December 31, 2007) | (125,736 | ) | (125,736 | ) | - | |||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 994,689 | 971,919 | 2 | |||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 10,811,915 | $ | 10,402,532 | 4 | |||||
See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
4
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS)/INCOME
(Unaudited)
Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) | |||||||||||||
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME | |||||||||||||
Loan receivable, including loan fees | $ | 110,850 | $ | 118,737 | $ | 227,875 | $ | 232,916 | |||||
Investment securities- taxable | 28,426 | 24,439 | 56,932 | 46,254 | |||||||||
Investment securities- nontaxable | 324 | 583 | 690 | 1,182 | |||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 928 | 541 | 1,681 | 1,050 | |||||||||
Agency preferred stock | 592 | 174 | 1,308 | 338 | |||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities | |||||||||||||
purchased under agreements to resell | 2,915 | 3,965 | 9,395 | 7,767 | |||||||||
Deposits with banks | 27 | 1,254 | 481 | 2,040 | |||||||||
Total interest and dividend income | 144,062 | 149,693 | 298,362 | 291,547 | |||||||||
INTEREST EXPENSE | |||||||||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more | 28,304 | 31,900 | 60,172 | 63,052 | |||||||||
Other deposits | 15,184 | 18,684 | 32,419 | 36,671 | |||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 14,917 | 7,544 | 29,542 | 13,261 | |||||||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | 11,323 | 11,677 | 23,444 | 23,458 | |||||||||
Long-term debt | 2,010 | 2,899 | 4,859 | 4,875 | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 210 | 492 | 622 | 981 | |||||||||
Total interest expense | 71,948 | 73,196 | 151,058 | 142,298 | |||||||||
Net interest income before provision for credit losses | 72,114 | 76,497 | 147,304 | 149,249 | |||||||||
Provision for credit losses | 20,500 | 2,100 | 28,000 | 3,100 | |||||||||
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | 51,614 | 74,397 | 119,304 | 146,149 | |||||||||
NON-INTEREST INCOME | |||||||||||||
Securities gains, net | 2,333 | - | 2,333 | 191 | |||||||||
Letters of credit commissions | 1,376 | 1,435 | 2,816 | 2,727 | |||||||||
Depository service fees | 1,175 | 1,037 | 2,447 | 2,383 | |||||||||
Other operating income | 4,291 | 3,690 | 8,103 | 6,745 | |||||||||
Total non-interest income | 9,175 | 6,162 | 15,699 | 12,046 | |||||||||
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE | |||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 16,408 | 16,886 | 34,267 | 33,863 | |||||||||
Occupancy expense | 3,242 | 3,107 | 6,525 | 5,876 | |||||||||
Computer and equipment expense | 1,932 | 2,553 | 4,176 | 4,777 | |||||||||
Professional services expense | 3,095 | 2,543 | 5,480 | 4,271 | |||||||||
FDIC and State assessments | 1,545 | 261 | 1,836 | 520 | |||||||||
Marketing expense | 848 | 904 | 1,865 | 1,805 | |||||||||
Other real estate owned expense | 641 | 17 | 624 | 261 | |||||||||
Operations of affordable housing investments , net | 1,696 | 1,444 | 2,521 | 2,388 | |||||||||
Amortization of core deposit intangibles | 1,722 | 1,767 | 3,474 | 3,531 | |||||||||
Other operating expense | 2,625 | 2,803 | 4,942 | 5,222 | |||||||||
Total non-interest expense | 33,754 | 32,285 | 65,710 | 62,514 | |||||||||
Income before income tax expense | 27,035 | 48,274 | 69,293 | 95,681 | |||||||||
Income tax expense | 7,804 | 17,693 | 22,763 | 35,134 | |||||||||
Net income | 19,231 | 30,581 | 46,530 | 60,547 | |||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | |||||||||||||
Unrealized holding losses arising during the period | (20,427 | ) | (8,111 | ) | (12,273 | ) | (3,611 | ) | |||||
Less: reclassification adjustments included in net income | 6,016 | (18 | ) | 6,180 | (201 | ) | |||||||
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax | (26,443 | ) | (8,093 | ) | (18,453 | ) | (3,410 | ) | |||||
Total comprehensive (loss)/income | $ | (7,212 | ) | $ | 22,488 | $ | 28,077 | $ | 57,137 | ||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 1.18 | |||||
Diluted | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 1.17 | |||||
Cash dividends paid per common share | $ | 0.105 | $ | 0.105 | $ | 0.210 | $ | 0.195 | |||||
Basic average common shares outstanding | 49,389,522 | 50,558,218 | 49,367,903 | 51,118,374 | |||||||||
Diluted average common shares outstanding | 49,429,348 | 51,158,029 | 49,480,439 | 51,723,487 | |||||||||
See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
5
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30 | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities | |||||||
Net income | $ | 46,530 | $ | 60,547 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operting activities: | |||||||
Provision for credit losses | 28,000 | 3,100 | |||||
Provision for losses on other real estate owned | - | 210 | |||||
Deferred tax (benefit) liabilities | (10,632 | ) | 1,182 | ||||
Depreciation | 2,139 | 2,150 | |||||
Net gains on sale of other real estate owned | - | (29 | ) | ||||
Net gains on sale of loans held for sale | (87 | ) | (65 | ) | |||
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale | 1,919 | 934 | |||||
Originations of loans held for sale | (1,814 | ) | (855 | ) | |||
Purchase of trading securities | - | (5,000 | ) | ||||
Write-downs on venture capital investments | - | 268 | |||||
Write-downs on impaired securities | 5,830 | - | |||||
Gain on sales and calls of securities | (8,163 | ) | (191 | ) | |||
Decrease in fair value of warrants | 26 | 41 | |||||
Other non-cash interest | 1 | 147 | |||||
Amortization of security premiums, net | 841 | 944 | |||||
Amortization of intangibles | 3,538 | 3,594 | |||||
Excess tax short-fall / (benefit) from share-based payment arrangements | 237 | (450 | ) | ||||
Stock based compensation expense | 3,838 | 3,791 | |||||
Gain on sale of premises and equipment | (21 | ) | (9 | ) | |||
Decrease / (Increase) in accrued interest receivable | 7,047 | (12,460 | ) | ||||
(Increase) /decrease in other assets, net | (2,517 | ) | 6,356 | ||||
Increase in other liabilities | 8,315 | 11,896 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 85,027 | 76,101 | |||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities | |||||||
Increase in short-term investments | (4,130 | ) | (8,648 | ) | |||
Decrease / (Increase) in long-term investment | 50,000 | (50,000 | ) | ||||
Decrease/ (Increase) in securities purchased under agreements to resell | 366,100 | (204,000 | ) | ||||
Purchase of investment securities available-for-sale | (1,503,846 | ) | (559,976 | ) | |||
Proceeds from maturity and call of investment securities available-for-sale | 757,496 | 219,204 | |||||
Proceeds from sale of investment securities available-for-sale | 59,756 | 86,187 | |||||
Purchase of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale | (337,007 | ) | - | ||||
Proceeds from repayment and sale of mortgage-backed securities available-for-sale | 807,564 | 73,359 | |||||
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | - | (15,248 | ) | ||||
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 1,575 | 326 | |||||
Net increase in loans | (665,174 | ) | (387,899 | ) | |||
Purchase of premises and equipment | (12,179 | ) | (4,705 | ) | |||
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment | 21 | 608 | |||||
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned | - | 1,717 | |||||
Net increase in investment in affordable housing | (6,254 | ) | (4,488 | ) | |||
Acquisition, net of cash acquired | - | (3,655 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (486,078 | ) | (857,218 | ) | |||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities | |||||||
Net increase in demand deposits, NOW accounts, money market and saving deposits | 116,473 | 136 | |||||
Net increase in time deposits | 347,202 | 112,431 | |||||
Net increase in federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase | 198,975 | 468,102 | |||||
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank | 1,823,533 | 1,863,000 | |||||
Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings | (2,082,000 | ) | (1,678,000 | ) | |||
Cash dividends | (10,366 | ) | (10,047 | ) | |||
Issuance of long-term debt | - | 65,000 | |||||
Proceeds from other borrowings | 20,629 | 19,000 | |||||
Repayment of other borrowings | (18,930 | ) | (10,000 | ) | |||
Proceeds from shares issued to Dividend Reinvestment Plan | 1,249 | 1,228 | |||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 356 | 1,341 | |||||
Excess tax (short-fall)/benefits from share-based payment arrangements | (237 | ) | 450 | ||||
Purchases of treasury stock | - | (71,508 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 396,884 | 761,133 | |||||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (4,167 | ) | (19,984 | ) | |||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period | 118,437 | 132,798 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year | $ | 114,270 | $ | 112,814 | |||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | |||||||
Cash paid during the period: | |||||||
Interest | $ | 159,352 | $ | 134,909 | |||
Income taxes | $ | 35,229 | $ | 27,375 | |||
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||||||
Net change in unrealized holding loss on securities available-for-sale, net of tax | $ | (18,453 | ) | $ | (3,410 | ) | |
Cumulative effect adjustment as result of adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 48 | |||||||
Adjustment to initially apply FASB Interpretation 48 | $ | - | $ | (8,524 | ) | ||
Adjustment to initially apply EITF 06-4 | $ | (147 | ) | ||||
Transfers to other real estate owned | $ | 12,560 | $ | 373 | |||
Loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned | $ | - | $ | 3,360 | |||
Loans to facilitate the sale of fixed assets | $ | - | $ | 1,940 | |||
See Accompanying Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
6
CATHAY GENERAL BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
1. Business
Cathay General Bancorp (the “Bancorp”) is the holding company for Cathay Bank (the “Bank”), six limited partnerships investing in affordable housing investments in which the Bank is the sole limited partner, and GBC Venture Capital, Inc. The Bancorp also owns 100% of the common stock of five statutory business trusts created for the purpose of issuing capital securities. The Bank was founded in 1962 and offers a wide range of financial services. As of June 30, 2008, the Bank operates twenty one branches in Southern California, ten branches in Northern California, nine branches in New York State, three branches in Illinois, three branches in Washington State, two branches Texas, one branch in Massachusetts, one branch in New Jersey, one branch in Hong Kong, and a representative office in Shanghai and in Taipei. Deposit accounts at the Hong Kong branch are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”).
2. Acquisitions and Investments
We continue to look for opportunities to expand the Bank’s branch network by seeking new branch locations and/or by acquiring other financial institutions to diversify our customer base in order to compete for new deposits and loans, and to be able to serve our customers more effectively. At the close of business on March 30, 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of New Jersey-based United Heritage Bank (“UHB”) for cash of $9.4 million. As of March 30, 2007, UHB had $58.9 million in assets and $4.3 million in stockholders’ equity.
The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141, “Business Combinations.” The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded by the Company at their fair values as of March 31, 2007:
United Heritage Bank | ||||
Assets acquired: | (In thousands) | |||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 5,745 | ||
Securities available-for-sale | 14,305 | |||
Loans, net | 38,036 | |||
Premises and equipment, net | 432 | |||
Goodwill | 3,575 | |||
Core deposit intangible | 410 | |||
Other assets | 2,161 | |||
Total assets acquired | 64,664 | |||
Liabilities assumed: | ||||
Deposits | 54,166 | |||
Accrued interest payable | 9 | |||
Other liabilities | 1,089 | |||
Total liabilities assumed | 55,264 | |||
Net assets acquired | $ | 9,400 | ||
Cash paid | $ | 9,400 |
No loans acquired as part of the acquisition of UHB were determined to be impaired and therefore no loans were within the scope of Statement of Position (SOP) 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer”. In addition, the estimated other costs related to the acquisition were recorded as a liability at closing when allocating the related purchase price.
7
For each acquisition, we developed an integration plan for the consolidated company that addressed, among other things, requirements for staffing, systems platforms, branch locations and other facilities. The established plans are evaluated regularly during the integration process and modified as required. Merger and integration expenses are summarized in the following primary categories: (i) severance and employee-related charges; (ii) system conversion and integration costs, including contract termination charges; (iii) asset write-downs, lease termination costs for abandoned space and other facilities-related costs; and (iv) other charges. Other charges include investment banking fees, legal fees, other professional fees relating to due diligence activities and expenses associated with preparation of securities filings, as appropriate. These costs were included in the allocation of the purchase price at the acquisition date based on our formal integration plans.
As of June 30, 2008, goodwill was $319.3 million, a decrease of $588,000 compared to December 31, 2007 due to a reversal of accrued penalties of $528,000 as a result of the settlement with the California Franchise Board for a claim related to GBC Bancorp’s 2001 California tax return and a tax refund of $60,000 related to New Asia Bancorp’s 2006 tax year. Merger-related lease liability was $509,000 as of June 30, 2008, with cash outlays of $49,000 for the three months and $97,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
3. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008. For further information, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The most significant estimate subject to change relates to the allowance for loan losses and goodwill impairment.
8
4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations (Revised 2007).” SFAS 141R replaces SFAS 141, “Business Combinations,” and applies to all transactions and other events in which one entity obtains control over one or more other businesses. SFAS 141R requires an acquirer, upon initially obtaining control of another entity, to recognize the assets, liabilities and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date. Contingent consideration is required to be recognized and measured at fair value on the date of acquisition rather than at a later date when the amount of that consideration may be determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. This fair value approach replaces the cost-allocation process required under SFAS 141 whereby the cost of an acquisition was allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair value. SFAS 141R requires acquirers to expense acquisition-related costs as incurred rather than allocating such costs to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as was previously the case under SFAS 141. Under SFAS 141R, the requirements of SFAS 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” would have to be met in order to accrue for a restructuring plan in purchase accounting. Pre-acquisition contingencies are to be recognized at fair value, unless it is a non-contractual contingency that is not likely to materialize, in which case, nothing should be recognized in purchase accounting and, instead, that contingency would be subject to the probable and estimable recognition criteria of SFAS 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” SFAS 141R is expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s accounting for business combinations closing on or after January 1, 2009.
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 clarifies the definition of fair value, together with a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement and requires a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Market participant assumptions include assumptions about the risk, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset, and the effect of a nonperformance risk for a liability. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of SFAS 157 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 14- “Fair Value Measurements” for more information. In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157. This FSP delays the effective date of FAS 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements from adoption of SFAS 157-2.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits a business entity to choose to measure financial instruments and certain other items at fair value to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring financial instruments differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. The fair value option may be applied instrument by instrument, is irrevocable and is applied only to entire instruments. Following the initial fair value measurement date, a business entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has not elected the fair value option for any of its existing assets or liabilities. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB Statement No. 51.” SFAS 160 amends Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” to establish accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as minority interest, is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements. Among other requirements, SFAS 160 requires consolidated net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and the non-controlling interest. It also requires disclosure, on the face of the consolidated income statement, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest. SFAS 160 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2009, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.
SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of General Accepted Accounting Principles” SFAS 162 states that business entity itself is responsible for selecting accounting principles for financial statements that are presented in conformity with GAAP. This statement makes the GAAP hierarchy explicitly and directly applicable to preparers of financial statements. SFAS 162 is effective 60 days following the Securities and Exchange Commission’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” The Company does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements from adoption of SFAS 162.
SAB No. 109, “Written Loan Commitments Recorded at Fair Value Through Earnings.” SAB No. 109 supersedes SAB 105, “Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments,” and indicates that the expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan should be included in the measurement of all written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through earnings. The guidance in SAB 109 is applied on a prospective basis to derivative loan commitments issued or modified in fiscal quarters beginning after December 15, 2007. The adoption of SAB 109 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
SAB No. 110, “Certain Assumptions Used in Valuation Methods.” SAB No. 110 continues to allow companies, under certain circumstances, to use the simplified method beyond December 31, 2007. It is appropriate to use the simplified method under SAB 110 when an entity does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate an expected term. Based on SAB 110 and SAB 107, the Company has estimated the expected life of its stock options based on the average of the contractual period and the vesting period and has consistently applied the simplified method to all options granted in 2005, in 2006, and in 2008. There were no options granted in 2007.
Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements.” EITF 06-4 requires the recognition of a liability and related compensation expense for endorsement split-dollar life insurance policies that provide a benefit to an employee that extends to post-retirement periods. Under EITF 06-4, life insurance policies purchased for the purpose of providing such benefits do not effectively settle an entity’s obligation to the employee. Accordingly, the entity must recognize a liability and related compensation expense during the employee’s active service period based on the future cost of insurance to be incurred during the employee’s retirement. If the entity has agreed to provide the employee with a death benefit, then the liability for the future death benefit should be recognized by following the guidance in SFAS 106, “Employer’s Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions.” The Company adopted EITF 06-4 effective as of January 1, 2008, and charged a $147,000 cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2008.
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FASB Staff Positions (“FSP”) Accounting Principles Board Opinions (“APB”) Issue No. 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” APB 14-1 requires issuers of convertible debt that may be settled wholly or partly in cash to account for the debt and equity components separately. The APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements from adoption of APB 14-1.
5. Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock and resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in earnings.
Outstanding stock options with anti-dilutive effect were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. The following table sets forth basic and diluted earnings per share calculations and the average shares of stock options with anti-dilutive effect:
For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 19,231 | $ | 30,581 | $ | 46,530 | $ | 60,547 | |||||
Weighted-average shares: | |||||||||||||
Basic weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | 49,389,522 | 50,558,218 | 49,367,903 | 51,118,374 | |||||||||
Dilutive effect of weighted-average outstanding common shares equivalents | |||||||||||||
Stock Options | 39,826 | 595,656 | 112,129 | 600,061 | |||||||||
Restricted Stock | 0 | 4,155 | 407 | 5,052 | |||||||||
Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | 49,429,348 | 51,158,029 | 49,480,439 | 51,723,487 | |||||||||
Average shares of stock options with anti-dilutive effect | 4,795,057 | 1,448,872 | 4,237,868 | 1,450,074 | |||||||||
Earnings per share: | |||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 1.18 | |||||
Diluted | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 1.17 |
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6. Stock-Based Compensation
In 1998, the Board adopted the Cathay Bancorp, Inc. Equity Incentive Plan. Under the Equity Incentive Plan, as amended in September, 2003, directors and eligible employees may be granted incentive or non-statutory stock options and/or restricted stock units, or awarded non-vested stock, for up to 7,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on a split adjusted basis. In May 2005, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2005 Incentive Plan which provides that 3,131,854 shares of the Company’s common stock may be granted as incentive or non-statutory stock options, and/or restricted stock units, or as non-vested stock. In conjunction with the approval of the 2005 Incentive Plan, the Bancorp agreed to cease granting awards under the Equity Incentive Plan. As of June 30, 2008, the only options granted by the Company under the 2005 Incentive Plan were non-statutory stock options to selected bank officers and non-employee directors at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Such options have a maximum ten-year term and vest in 20% annual increments (subject to early termination in certain events) except options granted to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company for 245,060 shares granted on March 22, 2005, of which 30% vested immediately, 10% vested on November 20, 2005, 20% each vested on November 20, 2006 and on November 20, 2007, and an additional 20% would vest on November 20, 2008, 264,694 shares granted on May 22, 2005, of which 40% vested on November 20, 2005, 20% each vested on November 20, 2006 and on November 20, 2007, and an additional 20% would vest on November 20 2008, and 100,000 shares granted on February 21, 2008, of which 50% would vest on February 21, 2009, and the remaining 50% would vest on February 21, 2010. If such options expire or terminate without having been exercised, any shares not purchased will again be available for future grants or awards. Stock options are typically granted in the first quarter of the year. There were no options granted in 2007. The Board of Directors of the Company was in the process of reviewing the relative merits of granting restricted stock or restricted stock units either in place of or in combination with stock options. As a result, the Company deferred the granting of any stock option awards until 2008. The Company expects to issue new shares to satisfy stock option exercises and the vesting of restricted stock units.
Stock-based compensation expense for stock options is calculated based on the fair value of the award at the grant date for those options expected to vest, and is recognized as an expense over the vesting period of the grant. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the value of granted options. This model takes into account the option exercise price, the expected life, the current price of the underlying stock, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock, expected dividends on the stock and a risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates the expected volatility based on the Company’s historical stock prices for the period corresponding to the expected life of the stock options. Based on SAB 107 and SAB 110, the Company has estimated the expected life of the options based on the average of the contractual period and the vesting period and has consistently applied the simplified method to all options granted starting from 2005. Option compensation expense totaled $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and $3.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. For the three months ended June 30, option compensation expense totaled $1.8 million for 2008 and $1.6 million for 2007. Stock-based compensation is recognized ratably over the requisite service period for all awards. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options totaled $14.1 million at June 30, 2008, and is expected to be recognized over the next 2.7 years.
The weighted average per share fair value on the date of grant of the options granted was $7.33 during the first quarter of 2008. There were no options granted in 2007 and in the second quarter of 2008. The Company estimated the expected life of the options based on the average of the contractual period and the vesting period. The fair value of stock options has been determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:
Six months ended | ||||
June 30, 2008 | ||||
Expected life- number of years | 6.4 | |||
Risk-free interest rate | 3.09 | % | ||
Volatility | 30.04 | % | ||
Dividend yield | 1.20 | % |
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No stock options were exercised during the second quarter of 2008. Cash received from exercises of stock options totaled $356,000 from 18,906 exercised shares during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and $1.3 million from 78,236 exercised shares during the six months ended June 30, 2007. Cash received from exercises of stock options totaled $219,000 from 9,370 exercised shares for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The fair value of stock options vested during the first quarter of 2008 was $4.8 million compared to $5.1 million for the first quarter of 2007. The fair value of stock options vested during the second quarter of 2008 was $108,000 compared to $108,000 for the second quarter of 2007. Aggregate intrinsic value for options exercised was $108,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2008, and $1.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2007. The aggregate intrinsic value for options exercised was zero during the second quarter of 2008 and $98,000 during the second quarter of 2007. The table below summarizes stock option activity for the first two quarters of 2008:
Weighted-Average | Aggregate | ||||||||||||
Weighted-Average | Remaining Contractual | Intrinsic | |||||||||||
Shares | Exercise Price | Life (in years) | Value (in thousands) | ||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | 4,574,280 | $ | 28.36 | 6.1 | $ | 24,487 | |||||||
Granted | 689,200 | 23.37 | |||||||||||
Forfeited | (16,784 | ) | 32.63 | ||||||||||
Exercised | (18,906 | ) | 18.81 | ||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2008 | 5,227,790 | $ | 27.72 | 6.4 | $ | 2,901 | |||||||
Granted | - | - | |||||||||||
Forfeited | (4,822 | ) | 33.53 | ||||||||||
Exercised | - | - | |||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | 5,222,968 | $ | 27.72 | 6.1 | $ | 28 | |||||||
Exercisable at June 30, 2008 | 3,423,919 | $ | 26.69 | 5.2 | $ | 28 |
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At June 30, 2008, 1,532,314 shares were available under the Company’s 2005 Incentive Plan for future grants. The following table shows stock options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2008, the corresponding exercise prices, and the weighted-average contractual life remaining:
Outstanding | |||||||||||
Weighted-Average | |||||||||||
Remaining Contractual | Exercisable | ||||||||||
Exercise Price | Shares | Life (in Years) | Shares | ||||||||
$ | 8.25 | 2,000 | 0.2 | 2,000 | |||||||
10.63 | 92,836 | 1.6 | 92,836 | ||||||||
11.06 | 10,240 | 1.5 | 10,240 | ||||||||
11.34 | 10,240 | 4.5 | 10,240 | ||||||||
15.05 | 130,488 | 2.6 | 130,488 | ||||||||
16.28 | 156,056 | 3.7 | 156,056 | ||||||||
17.29 | 10,240 | 3.5 | 10,240 | ||||||||
19.93 | 336,844 | 4.6 | 336,844 | ||||||||
21.09 | 10,240 | 2.5 | 10,240 | ||||||||
22.01 | 406,674 | 2.6 | 406,674 | ||||||||
23.37 | 689,200 | 9.7 | - | ||||||||
24.80 | 888,816 | 5.4 | 703,072 | ||||||||
28.70 | 525,600 | 5.6 | 420,200 | ||||||||
32.26 | 40,000 | 6.0 | 32,000 | ||||||||
32.47 | 245,060 | 6.7 | 196,048 | ||||||||
33.54 | 264,694 | 6.9 | 211,755 | ||||||||
33.81 | 3,000 | 7.0 | 1,800 | ||||||||
36.24 | 414,230 | 7.6 | 165,692 | ||||||||
36.90 | 315,026 | 7.6 | 126,410 | ||||||||
37.00 | 644,484 | 6.6 | 387,284 | ||||||||
38.26 | 12,000 | 7.8 | 4,800 | ||||||||
38.38 | 15,000 | 6.4 | 9,000 | ||||||||
5,222,968 | 6.1 | 3,423,919 |
The Company grants non-vested stock to its Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer. The shares vest ratably over certain years if certain annual performance criteria are met. The following table presents information relating to the non-vested stock grants as of June 30, 2008:
Date Granted | |||||||
January 25, 2006 | January 31, 2007 | ||||||
Shares granted | 30,000 | 20,000 | |||||
Vested ratably over | 3 years | 2 years | |||||
Price per share at grant date | $ | 36.24 | $ | 34.66 | |||
Vested shares | 20,000 | 10,000 | |||||
Non-vested shares | 10,000 | 10,000 |
The stock compensation expense recorded related to non-vested stock above was $354,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008, and $326,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2007. For the three months ended June 30, non-vested stock compensation expense was $177,000 for 2008 and $177,000 for 2007. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock awards was $414,000 at June 30, 2008, and is expected to be recognized over the next 7 months.
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In addition to stock options and restricted stock awards above, in February 2008, the Company also granted restricted stock units on 82,291 shares of the Company’s common stock to its eligible employees. On the date of granting of these restricted stock units, the closing price of the Company’s stock was $23.37 per share. Such restricted stock units have a maximum term of five years and vest in approximately 20% annual increments subject to employees’ continued employment with the Company. The following table presents information relating to the restricted stock units grant as of June 30, 2008:
Weighted-Average | |||||||
Remaining Contractual | |||||||
Units | Life (in years) | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | - | - | |||||
Granted | 82,291 | 3.0 | |||||
Forfeited | (741 | ) | |||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | 81,550 | 2.6 |
The compensation expense recorded related to restricted stock units above was $82,000 for the three months ended and $109,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units was $1.5 million at June 30, 2008, and is expected to be recognized over the next 4.6 years.
Prior to 2006, the Company presented the entire amount of the tax benefit on options exercised as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. After adoption of SFAS No. 123R in January 2006, the Company reports only the benefits of tax deductions in excess of grant-date fair value as cash flows from operating activity and financing activity. The following table summarizes the tax benefit (short-fall) from share-based payment arrangements:
For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(Short-fall)/Benefit of tax deductions in excess of | |||||||||||||
grant-date fair value | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 30 | $ | (237 | ) | $ | 450 | |||
Benefit of tax deductions on | |||||||||||||
grant-date fair value | 11 | 48 | 282 | 91 | |||||||||
Total benefit of tax deductions | $ | - | $ | 78 | $ | 45 | $ | 541 |
7. Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell
Securities purchased under agreements to resell are usually collateralized by U.S. government agency and mortgage-backed securities. The counter-parties to these agreements are nationally recognized investment banking firms that meet credit requirements of the Company and with whom a master repurchase agreement has been duly executed. As of June 30, 2008, the Company had three outstanding long-term resale agreements totaling $150.0 million compared to nine long-term resale agreements totaling $450.0 million at December 31, 2007. The agreements have terms from seven to ten years with interest rates ranging from 7.00% to 7.15%. The counterparty has the right to a quarterly call. Among these agreements, $100.0 million are callable as of June 30, 2008 and another $50.0 million are callable in August, 2008. When the callable term starts if certain conditions are met, there may be no interest earned for those days when the certain conditions are met.
Securities purchased under agreements to resell were $150.0 million at a weighted average interest rate 7.10% at June 30, 2008, compared to $516.1 million at a weighted average interest rate of 7.44% at December 31, 2007.
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For those securities obtained under the resale agreements, the collateral is either held by a third party custodian or by the counter-party and is segregated under written agreements that recognize the Company’s interest in the securities. Interest income associated with securities purchased under resale agreements totaled $2.8 million for the second quarter of 2008 and $9.2 million for the first six months of 2008 compared to $3.9 million for the same quarter a year ago and to $7.3 million for the first six months of 2007.
8. Commitments and Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company becomes a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans, or through commercial or standby letters of credit, and financial guarantees. These instruments represent varying degrees of exposure to risk in excess of the amounts included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contractual or notional amount of these instruments indicates a level of activity associated with a particular class of financial instrument and is not a reflection of the level of expected losses, if any.
The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The following table summarizes the outstanding commitments as of the dates indicated:
(In thousands) | At June 30, 2008 | At December 31, 2007 | |||||
Commitments to extend credit | $ | 2,157,951 | $ | 2,310,887 | |||
Standby letters of credit | 60,784 | 62,413 | |||||
Other letters of credit | 78,037 | 71,089 | |||||
Bill of lading guarantees | 714 | 323 | |||||
Total | $ | 2,297,486 | $ | 2,444,712 |
As of June 30, 2008, $26.0 million unfunded commitments for affordable housing investments were recorded under other liabilities compared to $19.2 million at December 31, 2007.
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer provided there is no violation of any condition established in the commitment agreement. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit is based on management's credit evaluation of the borrower. Letters of credit, including standby letters of credit and bill of lading guarantees, are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing these types of instrument is essentially the same as that involved in making loans to customers.
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9. Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $1.6 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.83% at June 30, 2008, compared to $1.4 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.57% at December 31, 2007. Seventeen floating-to-fixed rate agreements totaling $900.0 million are with initial floating rates for a period of time ranging from six months to one year, with the floating rates ranging from the three-month LIBOR minus 100 basis points to the three-month LIBOR minus 340 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term, with interest rates ranging from 4.29% to 5.07%. After the initial floating rate term, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the fixed rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. Thirteen fixed-to-floating rate agreements totaling $650.0 million are with initial fixed rates ranging from 1.00% and 3.50% with initial fixed rate terms ranging from six months to eighteen months. For the remainder of the seven year term, the rates float at 8% minus the three-month LIBOR rate with a maximum rate ranging from 3.25% to 3.75% and minimum rate of 0.0%. After the initial fixed rate term, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the floating rate reset date and quarterly thereafter.
At June 30, 2008, included in long-term transactions are twenty-three repurchase agreements totaling $1.2 billion that were callable but which had not been called. Six fixed-to-floating rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have variable interest rates currently at a range from 3.50% to 3.75% maximum rate until their final maturities in September 2014. Four floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have fixed interest rates ranging from 4.89% to 5.07%, until their final maturities in January 2017. Ten floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements totaled $550.0 million have fixed interest rates ranging from 4.29% to 4.78%, until their final maturities in 2014. Two floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have fixed interest rates at 4.75% and 4.79%, until their final maturities in 2011. One floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreement of $50.0 million has fixed interest rate at 4.83% until its final maturity in 2012.
These transactions are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold. The Company may have to provide additional collateral for the repurchase agreements, as necessary. The underlying collateral pledged for the repurchase agreements consists of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency security debt, and mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $1.6 billion as of June 30, 2008, and $1.5 billion as of December 31, 2007.
10. Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank
Total advances from the FHLB of San Francisco decreased $258.5 million to $1.1 billion at June 30, 2008 from $1.4 billion at December 31, 2007. Non-puttable advances totaled $416.7 million with a weighted rate of 3.96% and puttable advances totaled $700.0 million with a weighted average rate of 4.42% at June 30, 2008. The FHLB has the right to terminate the puttable transaction at par at each three-month anniversary after the first put date. FHLB advances of $300.0 million at a weighted average rate of 4.31% were puttable as of June 30, 2008. The remaining puttable FHLB advances of $400.0 million at a weighted average rate of 4.50% are puttable at the second anniversary date in 2009.
11. Subordinated Note and Junior Subordinated Debt
On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. This instrument matures on September 29, 2016 and bears interest at a per annum rate based on the three month LIBOR plus 110 basis points, payable on a quarterly basis. At June 30, 2008, the per annum interest rate on the subordinated debt was 3.90% compared to 5.93% at December 31, 2007. The subordinated debt was issued through the Bank and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting purposes and is included in long-term debt in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
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The Bancorp established three special purpose trusts in 2003 and two in 2007 for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities to outside investors (Capital Securities). The trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common stock of the trusts by the Bancorp, in junior subordinated notes issued by the Bancorp. The five special purpose trusts are considered variable interest entities under FIN 46R. Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the trusts, the financial statements of the trusts are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. At June 30, 2008, junior subordinated debt securities totaled $121.1 million with a weighted average interest rate of 4.93% compared to $121.1 million with a weighted average rate of 7.13% at December 31, 2007. The junior subordinated debt securities have a stated maturity term of 30 years and are currently included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes.
12. Implementation of FASB Interpretation No. 48
As previously disclosed, on December 31, 2003, the California Franchise Tax Board (FTB) announced its intent to list certain transactions that in its view constitute potentially abusive tax shelters. Included in the transactions subject to this listing were transactions utilizing regulated investment companies (RICs) and real estate investment trusts (REITs). While the Company continues to believe that the tax benefits recorded in 2000, 2001, and 2002 with respect to its regulated investment company were appropriate and fully defensible under California law, the Company participated in Option 2 of the Voluntary Compliance Initiative of the Franchise Tax Board, and paid all California taxes and interest on these disputed 2000 through 2002 tax benefits, and at the same time filed a claim for refund for these years while avoiding certain potential penalties. The Company retains potential exposure for assertion of an accuracy-related penalty should the FTB prevail in its position in addition to the risk of not being successful in its refund claims. In June 2008, the Company received a notice from the FTB indicating that the FTB intends to deny the Company’s claim for refund for its 2000 through 2002 tax years.
The FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”) which requires that the amount of recognized tax benefit should be the maximum amount which is more-likely-than-not to be realized and that amounts previously recorded that do not meet the requirements of FIN 48 be charged as a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. As of December 31, 2006, the Company reflected a $12.1 million net state tax receivable related to payments it made in April 2004 under the Voluntary Compliance Initiative program for the years 2000, 2001, and 2002, after giving effect to reserves for loss contingencies on the refund claims. The Company has determined that its refund claim related to its regulated investment company is not more-likely-than-not to be realized and consequently, charged a total of $8.5 million, comprised of the $7.9 million after tax amount related to its refund claims as well as a $0.6 million after tax amount related to California Net Operating Losses generated in 2001 as a result of its regulated investment company, to the balance of retained earnings as of the January 1, 2007, effective date of FIN 48.
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At the January 1, 2007, adoption date of FIN 48, the total amount of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits was $5.5 million, of which $1.6 million, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At January 1, 2007, the adoption date of FIN 48, the total amount of accrued interest and penalties was $1.7 million. In February 2008, the Company withdrew, with the agreement of the California Franchise Tax Board, a claim related to GBC Bancorp’s 2001 California tax return and reversed $0.5 million of accrued penalties with a corresponding decrease in goodwill. The amount of additional unrecognized tax benefits expected to be recognized during 2008 is not expected to be significant.
The Company’s tax returns are open for audits by the Internal Revenue Service back to 2004 and by the Franchise Tax Board of the State of California back to 2000. The Company is currently under audit by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years 2000 to 2004. During the second quarter of 2007, the Internal Revenue Service completed an examination of the Company’s 2004 and 2005 tax returns and did not propose any adjustments deemed to be material.
13. Stock Repurchase Program
On November 2007, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to an aggregate of one million shares of the Company’s common stock following the completion of the stock repurchase program of May 2007. During 2007, the Company repurchased 2,829,203 shares of common stock for $92.4 million, or an average price of $32.67 per share. No shares were purchased during the six months of 2008. At June 30, 2008, 622,500 shares remain under the Company’s November 2007 repurchase program.
14. Fair Value Measurements
SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The Company adopted SFAS 157 on January 1, 2008, and determined the fair values of our financial instruments based on the three-level fair value hierarchy established in SFAS 157. The three-level inputs to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities are as follows:
· | Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
· | Level 2 - Observable prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; directly observable market inputs for substantially the full term of the asset and liability; market inputs that are not directly observable but are derived from or corroborated by observable market data. |
· | Level 3 - Unobservable inputs based on the Company’s own judgments about the assumptions that a market participant would use. |
The Company uses the following methodologies to measure the fair value of its financial assets on recurring basis:
Securities available for sale- For certain actively traded trust preferred securities, agency preferred stock, and U.S. treasury securities, the Company measures the fair value based on quoted market prices in active exchange markets at the reporting date, a level 1 measurement. The Company measures all other securities by using quoted market prices for similar securities or dealer quotes, a level 2 measurement. This category generally includes U.S. Government agency securities, state and municipal securities, mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), commercial MBS, collateralized mortgage obligations, asset-backed securities and corporate bonds. |
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Trading securities- The Company measures the fair value of trading securities based on quoted market prices in active exchange market at the reporting date, a level 1 measurement. |
Impaired loans- The Company does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent impaired loans are recorded based on either current appraised value of the collateral, a level 2 measurement, or management’s judgment and estimation of value reported on old appraisal which is then adjusted based on recent market trends, a level 3 measurement. |
Equity investment- The Company does not record equity investment at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, nonrecurring fair value adjustments to equity investment are recorded based on quoted market prices in active exchange market at the reporting date, a level 1 measurement. |
Warrants- The Company measures the fair value of warrants based on unobservable inputs based on assumption and management judgment , a level 3 measurement. |
The following table presents the Company’s hierarchy for its assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis at June 30, 2008:
(In thousands) | Fair Value Measurements Using | Total at | |||||||||||
Assets | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Fair Value | |||||||||
On a Recurring Basis | |||||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale | $ | 692,814 | $ | 1,840,539 | $ | - | $ | 2,533,353 | |||||
Trading securities | 75 | - | - | 75 | |||||||||
Warrants | - | - | 117 | 117 | |||||||||
On a Non-recurring Basis | |||||||||||||
Impaired loans | - | 18,448 | 4,289 | 22,737 | |||||||||
Equity investment | 1,868 | - | - | 1,868 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 694,757 | $ | 1,858,987 | $ | 4,406 | $ | 2,558,150 |
The Company measured the fair value of its warrants on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs. The fair value of warrants was $117,000 at June 30, 2008, compared to $125,000 at December 31, 2007. The fair value adjustment of $8,000 was included in other operating income during the first six months of 2008.
15. Goodwill and Goodwill Impairment
The Company’s policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or between annual assessments if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit in making the assessment of impairment at least annually.
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As a result of ongoing volatility in the financial services industry, the Company’s market capitalization has decreased to a level below book value as of June 30, 2008. The Company engaged an independent valuation firm to compute the fair value estimates of each reporting unit as part of its impairment assessment. The independent valuation utilized two separate valuation methodologies and applied a weighted average to each methodology in order to determine fair value for each reporting unit.
The impairment testing process conducted by the Company begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to its three reporting units- Commercial Lending, Retail Banking, and East Coast Operations. The Company then completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. In connection with obtaining the independent valuation, management provided certain data and information that was utilized by the third party in its determination of fair value. This information included forecasted earnings of the Company at the reporting unit level. Management believes that this information is a critical assumption underlying the estimate of fair value.
The valuation as of June 30, 2008, indicated that the fair value for the Retail Banking and East Coast Operations, the only two reporting units with allocated goodwill, exceeded their carrying amounts. Consequently, no goodwill impairment charge was recorded as of June 30, 2008. While management uses the best information available to estimate future performance for each reporting unit, future adjustments to management’s projections may be necessary if conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the estimates.
Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion is given based on the assumption that the reader has access to and has read the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, of Cathay General Bancorp (“Bancorp”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary Cathay Bank (the “Bank” and, together, the “Company” or “we”, “us,” or “our”).
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and results of operations are based upon its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
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Accounting for the allowance for credit losses involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the carrying value of net loans; management considers this accounting policy to be a critical accounting policy. The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances as described under the heading “Accounting for the Allowance for Loan Losses” in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Accounting for investment securities involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the carrying value of securities and the recognition of any “other-than-temporary” impairment to our investment securities. The judgments and assumptions used by management are described under the heading “Investment Securities” in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Accounting for income taxes involves significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have a material impact on the amount of taxes currently payable and the income tax expense recorded in the financial statements. The judgments and assumptions used by management are described under the heading “Income Taxes” in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Under SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangibles, goodwill must be allocated to reporting units and tested for impairment. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances, such as adverse changes in the business, indicate that there may be justification for conducting an interim test. Impairment testing is performed at the reporting-unit level utilizing an independent valuation. The Company then completes “step one” of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion above) with the recorded book value (or “carrying amount”) of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and “step two” of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the “implied fair value” of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
In connection with obtaining the independent valuation, management provided certain data and information that was utilized by the third party in its determination of fair value. This information included forecasted earnings of the Company at the reporting unit level. Management believes that this information is a critical assumption underlying the estimate of fair value.
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HIGHLIGHTS
· | Second quarter earnings of $19.2 million decreased $11.4 million, or 37.1%, compared to the same quarter a year ago. Included in the results was a non-cash after-tax charge of $3.4 million, or $0.07 per diluted share, for “other-than-temporary impairment” on agency preferred securities. Earnings for the second quarter of 2008 excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge decreased $8.0 million, or 26.1%, compared to the same quarter a year ago. |
· | Fully diluted earnings per share was $0.39, a 35.0% decrease from the same quarter a year ago. Fully diluted earnings per share excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge was $0.46, a 23.3% decrease from the same quarter a year ago. |
· | Return on average assets was 0.73% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, compared to 1.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and compared to 1.40% for the same quarter a year ago. Return on average assets excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge was 0.86% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008. |
· | Return on average stockholders’ equity was 7.66% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, compared to 10.99% for the quarter ended March 31, 2008, and compared to 13.13% for the same quarter a year ago. Return on average stockholders’ equity excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge was 9.01% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008. |
· | Gross loans increased by $408.9 million, or 5.9%, for the quarter to $7.3 billion at June 30, 2008, from $6.9 billion at March 31, 2008. |
· | The provision for credit losses was $20.5 million for the second quarter of 2008 compared to $2.1 million for the second quarter of 2007 and $7.5 million for the first quarter of 2008. The Company increased its provision for credit losses to provide adequate allowance for credit losses due to growth in loans and increases in problem loans. |
· | Total deposits increased by $453.5 million, or 7.2%, for the quarter to $6.7 billion at June 30, 2008, from $6.3 billion at March 31, 2008. |
· | The Company’s total risk-based capital ratio increased to 11.02% at June 30, 2008 compared to 10.88% at March 31, 2008, as the Company remained well capitalized for both periods. |
Income Statement Review
Net Income
Net income for the second quarter of 2008 was $19.2 million, or $0.39 per diluted share, a $11.4 million, or 37.1%, decrease compared with net income of $30.6 million, or $0.60 per diluted share for the same quarter a year ago. Return on average assets was 0.73% and return on average stockholders’ equity was 7.66% for the second quarter of 2008 compared with a return on average assets of 1.40% and a return on average stockholders’ equity of 13.13% for the second quarter of 2007.
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Financial Performance
Second Quarter 2008 | Second Quarter 2007 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 19.2 million | $ | 30.6 million | |||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | |||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.39 | $ | 0.60 | |||
Return on average assets | 0.73 | % | 1.40 | % | |||
Return on average stockholders’ equity | 7.66 | % | 13.13 | % | |||
Efficiency ratio | 41.52 | % | 39.06 | % |
Net Interest Income Before Provision for Credit Losses
Net interest income before provision for credit losses decreased to $72.1 million during the second quarter of 2008, a decline of $4.4 million, or 5.7%, compared to the $76.5 million during the same quarter a year ago. The decrease was due primarily to the decline of the net interest margin which was partially offset by strong growth in loans and investment securities.
The net interest margin, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, was 2.94% for the second quarter of 2008. The net interest margin decreased 22 basis points from 3.16% in the first quarter of 2008 and decreased 84 basis points from 3.78% in the second quarter of 2007. The decrease in the net interest margin from prior quarters was primarily the result of a lag in the downward repricing of certificates of deposit to follow the decreases in the prime rate, a change in the mix of investment securities, and the increase in the borrowing rate on our long term repurchase agreements.
For the second quarter of 2008, the yield on average interest-earning assets was 5.86% on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, and the cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities equaled 3.34%. In comparison, for the second quarter of 2007, the yield on average interest-earning assets was 7.39% and cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities equaled 4.22%. The interest spread, defined as the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of funds on average interest-bearing liabilities, decreased 65 basis points to 2.52% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, from 3.17% for the same quarter a year ago, primarily due to the reasons discussed above.
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Average daily balances, together with the total dollar amounts, on a taxable-equivalent basis, of interest income and interest expense, and the weighted-average interest rate and net interest margin are as follows:
Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended June 30, | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest | Average | Interest | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Taxable-equivalent basis | Average | Income/ | Yield/ | Average | Income/ | Yield/ | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Balance | Expense | Rate (1)(2) | Balance | Expense | Rate (1)(2) | |||||||||||||
Interest Earning Assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans | $ | 1,524,313 | $ | 20,436 | 5.39 | % | $ | 1,267,840 | $ | 25,876 | 8.19 | % | |||||||
Residential mortgage | 718,525 | 10,210 | 5.68 | 596,757 | 9,308 | 6.24 | |||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage | 4,004,076 | 66,591 | 6.69 | 3,400,833 | 65,893 | 7.77 | |||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 851,136 | 13,354 | 6.31 | 719,031 | 17,343 | 9.67 | |||||||||||||
Other loans and leases | 24,478 | 259 | 4.26 | 26,497 | 317 | 4.80 | |||||||||||||
Total loans and leases (1) | 7,122,528 | 110,850 | 6.26 | 6,010,958 | 118,737 | 7.92 | |||||||||||||
Taxable securities | 2,475,628 | 28,426 | 4.62 | 1,734,645 | 24,439 | 5.65 | |||||||||||||
Tax-exempt securities (3) | 60,781 | 1,313 | 8.69 | 66,206 | 1,137 | 6.89 | |||||||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock | 65,879 | 928 | 5.67 | 50,165 | 541 | 4.33 | |||||||||||||
Interest bearing deposits | 5,188 | 27 | 2.09 | 68,177 | 1,254 | 7.38 | |||||||||||||
Federal funds sold & securities purchased | |||||||||||||||||||
under agreements to resell | 177,445 | 2,915 | 6.61 | 216,646 | 3,965 | 7.34 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 9,907,449 | 144,459 | 5.86 | 8,146,797 | 150,073 | 7.39 | |||||||||||||
Non-interest earning assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 82,581 | 88,781 | |||||||||||||||||
Other non-earning assets | 655,057 | 629,234 | |||||||||||||||||
Total non-interest earning assets | 737,638 | 718,015 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Allowance for loan losses | (73,568 | ) | (65,426 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deferred loan fees | (10,396 | ) | (11,861 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,561,123 | $ | 8,787,525 | |||||||||||||||
Interest bearing liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest bearing demand accounts | $ | 253,559 | $ | 365 | 0.58 | $ | 233,260 | $ | 753 | 1.29 | |||||||||
Money market accounts | 738,206 | 3,226 | 1.76 | 675,753 | 5,207 | 3.09 | |||||||||||||
Savings accounts | 337,512 | 275 | 0.33 | 353,562 | 887 | 1.01 | |||||||||||||
Time deposits | 4,452,317 | 39,622 | 3.58 | 3,683,089 | 43,737 | 4.76 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 5,781,594 | 43,488 | 3.03 | 4,945,664 | 50,584 | 4.10 | |||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased | 37,720 | 210 | 2.24 | 34,780 | 464 | 5.35 | |||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 1,551,571 | 14,917 | 3.87 | 831,625 | 7,544 | 3.64 | |||||||||||||
Other borrowings | 1,134,448 | 11,323 | 4.01 | 982,126 | 11,705 | 4.78 | |||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 171,136 | 2,010 | 4.72 | 157,541 | 2,899 | 7.38 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 8,676,469 | 71,948 | 3.34 | 6,951,736 | 73,196 | 4.22 | |||||||||||||
Non-interest bearing liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||
Demand deposits | 764,270 | 784,033 | |||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 110,921 | 117,443 | |||||||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity | 1,009,463 | 934,313 | |||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 10,561,123 | $ | 8,787,525 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest spread (4) | 2.52 | % | 3.17 | % | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income (4) | $ | 72,511 | $ | 76,877 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (4) | 2.94 | % | 3.78 | % |
(1) | Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance. |
(2) | Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets |
(3) | The average yield has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis for certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35% |
(4) | Net interest income, net interest spread, and net interest margin on interest-earning assets have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35% |
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The following table summarizes the changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in volume and changes in interest rates:
Three months ended June 30, | 2008-2007 | |||||||||
Increase (Decrease) in | ||||||||||
Net Interest Income Due to: | ||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Changes in Volume | Changes in Rate | Total Change | |||||||
Interest-Earning Assets: | ||||||||||
Loans and leases | 19,720 | (27,607 | ) | (7,887 | ) | |||||
Taxable securities | 9,066 | (5,079 | ) | 3,987 | ||||||
Tax-exempt securities (2) | (100 | ) | 276 | 176 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock | 195 | 192 | 387 | |||||||
Deposits with other banks | (691 | ) | (536 | ) | (1,227 | ) | ||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased | ||||||||||
under agreements to resell | (676 | ) | (374 | ) | (1,050 | ) | ||||
Total increase in interest income | 27,514 | (33,128 | ) | (5,614 | ) | |||||
Interest-Bearing Liabilities: | ||||||||||
Interest bearing demand accounts | 61 | (449 | ) | (388 | ) | |||||
Money market accounts | 445 | (2,426 | ) | (1,981 | ) | |||||
Savings accounts | (39 | ) | (573 | ) | (612 | ) | ||||
Time deposits | 8,076 | (12,191 | ) | (4,115 | ) | |||||
Federal funds purchased | 36 | (290 | ) | (254 | ) | |||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 6,875 | 498 | 7,373 | |||||||
Other borrowed funds | 1,662 | (2,044 | ) | (382 | ) | |||||
Long-term debts | 233 | (1,122 | ) | (889 | ) | |||||
Total increase in interest expense | 17,349 | (18,597 | ) | (1,248 | ) | |||||
Changes in net interest income | $ | 10,165 | $ | (14,531 | ) | $ | (4,366 | ) |
(1) | Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate. |
(2) | The amount of interest earned on certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis, using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. |
Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for credit losses was $20.5 million for the second quarter of 2008 compared to $2.1 million for the second quarter of 2007 and $7.5 million for the first quarter of 2008. The provision for credit losses was based on the review of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2008. The provision for credit losses represents the charge or credit against current earnings that is determined by management, through a credit review process, as the amount needed to establish an allowance that management believes to be sufficient to absorb credit losses inherent in the Company’s loan portfolio. The following table summarizes the charge-offs and recoveries for the quarters as indicated:
For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Charge-offs: | |||||||||||||
Commercial loans | $ | 1,870 | $ | 2,712 | $ | 2,121 | $ | 5,742 | |||||
Construction loans | 879 | - | 5,009 | 190 | |||||||||
Real estate loans | 207 | 57 | 721 | 118 | |||||||||
Installment and other loans | - | 1 | - | 1 | |||||||||
Total charge-offs | 2,956 | 2,770 | 7,851 | 6,051 | |||||||||
Recoveries: | |||||||||||||
Commercial loans | 380 | 302 | 567 | 2,773 | |||||||||
Construction loans | 83 | 190 | 83 | 190 | |||||||||
Real estate loans | - | 202 | - | 202 | |||||||||
Installment and other loans | 8 | 19 | 12 | 25 | |||||||||
Total recoveries | 471 | 713 | 662 | 3,190 | |||||||||
Net Charge-offs | $ | 2,485 | $ | 2,057 | $ | 7,189 | $ | 2,861 |
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Non-Interest Income
Non-interest income, which includes revenues from depository service fees, letters of credit commissions, securities gains (losses), gains (losses) on loan sales, wire transfer fees, and other sources of fee income, was $9.2 million for the second quarter of 2008, an increase of $3.0 million, or 48.9%, compared to the non-interest income of $6.2 million for the second quarter of 2007. Net gains of $2.3 million from sale of securities were comprised of $8.16 million of gains from sales of agency mortgage backed securities which were partially offset by the $5.83 million “other-than-temporary impairment” charge on agency preferred stock, which had a carrying value of $30.3 million after the impairment write-down.
Depository service fees increased $138,000, or 13.3%, to $1.2 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $1.0 million in the same quarter a year ago, primarily due to the $111,000 increases in demand deposit account analysis charges.
Other operating income increased $601,000, or 16.3%, to $4.3 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $3.7 million in the same quarter a year ago primarily due to increases in commissions from foreign currency and exchange transactions of $1.6 million, which amount was partially offset by decreases in venture capital income of $405,000, and in wealth management commissions of $252,000.
Non-Interest Expense
Non-interest expense increased $1.5 million, or 4.6%, to $33.8 million in the second quarter of 2008 compared to $32.3 million in the same quarter a year ago. The efficiency ratio was 41.52% for the second quarter of 2008 compared to 39.06% in the year ago quarter and 39.11% for the first quarter of 2008.
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and State assessments increased to $1.5 million in the second quarter of 2008 from $261,000 in the same quarter a year ago as a result of the utilization of the remaining credit for prior years’ FDIC insurance premiums. Professional service expense increased $552,000, or 21.7%, primarily due to increases in information technology consulting expenses of $429,000 and appraisal expenses of $204,000. Other real estate owned expense increased $624,000 due to increases in other real estate owned transactions. Offsetting the above overall increases were decreases of $621,000 in computer and equipment expense due primarily to a decrease in software license fees, $478,000 in salaries and employee benefits as a result of lower current year bonus accrual, and $243,000 in recruiting, printing and supply, and travel expenses in the second quarter of 2008 compared to the same quarter a year ago.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate was 28.9% for the second quarter of 2008, compared to 36.7% for the same quarter a year ago and 36.2% for the full year 2007. The lower effective tax rate for the second quarter of 2008 was due to a reduction during the second quarter in the projected taxable income for the remainder of 2008 and increases in low income housing tax credits in 2008 compared to 2007.
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Year-to-Date Income Statement Review
Net income was $46.5 million, or $0.94 per diluted share for the six months ended June 30, 2008, a decrease of $14.0 million, or 23.2%, in net income compared to $60.5 million, or $1.17 per diluted share for the same period a year ago due primarily to increases in the provision for loan losses and the non-recurring “other-than-temporary impairment” charge. Net income excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge was $49.9 million, or $1.01 per diluted share for the six months ended June 30, 2008, a decrease of $10.6 million, or 17.6%, compared to the same period a year ago. The net interest margin for the six months ended June 30, 2008, decreased 75 basis points to 3.05% compared to 3.80% for the same period a year ago.
Return on average stockholders’ equity was 9.32% and return on average assets was 0.90% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to a return on average stockholders’ equity of 13.00% and a return on average assets of 1.42% for the same period of 2007. Excluding the $3.4 million impairment charge, return on average stockholders’ equity was 9.99% and return on average assets was 0.96% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The efficiency ratio for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was 40.31%, or 38.92% excluding the $5.8 million pre-tax impairment charge, compared to 38.76% for the same period a year ago.
The average daily balances, together with the total dollar amounts, on a taxable-equivalent basis, of interest income and interest expense, and the weighted-average interest rates, the net interest spread and the net interest margins are as follows:
28
Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||
Six months ended June 30, | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest | Average | Interest | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Taxable-equivalent basis | Average | Income/ | Yield/ | Average | Income/ | Yield/ | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Balance | Expense | Rate (1)(2) | Balance | Expense | Rate (1)(2) | |||||||||||||
Interest Earning Assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans | $ | 1,504,179 | $ | 44,695 | 5.98 | % | $ | 1,251,015 | $ | 50,859 | 8.20 | % | |||||||
Residential mortgage | 696,717 | 20,307 | 5.83 | 586,058 | 18,162 | 6.20 | |||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage | 3,906,774 | 133,763 | 6.89 | 3,325,670 | 129,324 | 7.84 | |||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 830,603 | 28,519 | 6.90 | 709,495 | 33,938 | 9.65 | |||||||||||||
Other loans and leases | 25,291 | 591 | 4.70 | 27,836 | 633 | 4.59 | |||||||||||||
Total loans and leases (1) | 6,963,564 | 227,875 | 6.58 | 5,900,074 | 232,916 | 7.96 | |||||||||||||
Taxable securities | 2,364,324 | 56,932 | 4.84 | 1,657,107 | 46,254 | 5.63 | |||||||||||||
Tax-exempt securities (3) | 64,125 | 2,862 | 8.98 | 70,851 | 2,283 | 6.50 | |||||||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 65,816 | 1,681 | 5.14 | 47,575 | 1,050 | 4.45 | |||||||||||||
Interest bearing deposits | 15,062 | 481 | 6.42 | 58,056 | 2,041 | 7.09 | |||||||||||||
Federal funds sold & securities purchased | |||||||||||||||||||
under agreements to resell | 298,560 | 9,395 | 6.33 | 217,151 | 7,767 | 7.21 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 9,771,451 | 299,226 | 6.16 | 7,950,814 | 292,311 | 7.41 | |||||||||||||
Non-interest earning assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 83,766 | 91,324 | |||||||||||||||||
Other non-earning assets | 656,908 | 625,517 | |||||||||||||||||
Total non-interest earning assets | 740,674 | 716,841 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Allowance for loan losses | (69,937 | ) | (65,864 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deferred loan fees | (10,479 | ) | (12,046 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 10,431,709 | $ | 8,589,745 | |||||||||||||||
Interest bearing liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest bearing demand accounts | $ | 245,585 | $ | 850 | 0.70 | $ | 232,960 | $ | 1,475 | 1.28 | |||||||||
Money market accounts | 719,879 | 7,067 | 1.97 | 671,130 | 10,272 | 3.09 | |||||||||||||
Savings accounts | 334,008 | 720 | 0.43 | 348,974 | 1,733 | 1.00 | |||||||||||||
Time deposits | 4,316,594 | 83,954 | 3.91 | 3,669,048 | 86,243 | 4.74 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 5,616,066 | 92,591 | 3.32 | 4,922,112 | 99,723 | 4.09 | |||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased | 40,530 | 592 | 2.94 | 30,039 | 796 | 5.35 | |||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase | 1,555,454 | 29,542 | 3.82 | 724,616 | 13,261 | 3.69 | |||||||||||||
Other borrowings | 1,145,343 | 23,474 | 4.12 | 952,862 | 23,643 | 5.00 | |||||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | 171,136 | 4,859 | 5.71 | 131,493 | 4,875 | 7.48 | |||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 8,528,529 | 151,058 | 3.56 | 6,761,122 | 142,298 | 4.24 | |||||||||||||
Non-interest bearing liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||
Demand deposits | 772,424 | 778,183 | |||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 126,566 | 111,154 | |||||||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity | 1,004,190 | 939,286 | |||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 10,431,709 | $ | 8,589,745 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest spread (4) | 2.60 | % | 3.17 | % | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income (4) | $ | 148,168 | $ | 150,013 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (4) | 3.05 | % | 3.80 | % |
(1) | Yields and amounts of interest earned include loan fees. Non-accrual loans are included in the average balance. |
(2) | Calculated by dividing net interest income by average outstanding interest-earning assets. |
(3) | The average yield has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis for certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%. |
(4) | Net interest income, net interest spread, and net interest margin on interest-earning assets have been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis using a statutory Federal income tax rate of 35%. |
29
Taxable-Equivalent Net Interest Income — Changes Due to Rate and Volume(1) | ||||||||||
Six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||
2008-2007 | ||||||||||
Increase (Decrease) in | ||||||||||
Net Interest Income Due to: | ||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Changes in Volume | Changes in Rate | Total Change | |||||||
Interest-Earning Assets: | ||||||||||
Loans and leases | 38,936 | (43,977 | ) | (5,041 | ) | |||||
Taxable securities | 17,862 | (7,184 | ) | 10,678 | ||||||
Tax-exempt securities (2) | (234 | ) | 813 | 579 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 450 | 181 | 631 | |||||||
Deposits with other banks | (1,384 | ) | (176 | ) | (1,560 | ) | ||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased | ||||||||||
under agreements to resell | 2,674 | (1,046 | ) | 1,628 | ||||||
Total increase in interest income | 58,304 | (51,389 | ) | 6,915 | ||||||
Interest-Bearing Liabilities: | ||||||||||
Interest bearing demand accounts | 77 | (702 | ) | (625 | ) | |||||
Money market accounts | 715 | (3,920 | ) | (3,205 | ) | |||||
Savings accounts | (71 | ) | (942 | ) | (1,013 | ) | ||||
Time deposits | 14,126 | (16,415 | ) | (2,289 | ) | |||||
Federal funds purchased | 227 | (431 | ) | (204 | ) | |||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase | 15,800 | 481 | 16,281 | |||||||
Other borrowed funds | 4,398 | (4,567 | ) | (169 | ) | |||||
Long-term debt | 1,293 | (1,309 | ) | (16 | ) | |||||
Total increase in interest expense | 36,565 | (27,805 | ) | 8,760 | ||||||
Changes in net interest income | $ | 21,739 | $ | (23,584 | ) | $ | (1,845 | ) |
(1) | Changes in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately to changes due to volume and changes due to rate. |
(2) | The amount of interest earned on certain securities of states and political subdivisions and other securities held has been adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalent basis, using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35%. |
Balance Sheet Review
Assets
Total assets increased by $409.4 million, or 3.9%, to $10.8 billion at June 30, 2008, from year-end 2007 of $10.4 billion. The increase in total assets was represented primarily by increases in available- for-sale securities of $185.7 million, or 7.9%, and increases in loans of $644.1 million, or 9.6% offset by decreases of $366.1 million in reverse repurchase agreements.
Securities
Total securities were $2.5 billion, or 23.4%, of total assets at June 30, 2008, compared with $2.3 billion, or 22.6%, of total assets at December 31, 2007. The increase of $185.7 million, or 7.9%, was primarily due to purchases of U.S. Treasury securities of $657.1 million, U.S. government sponsored agency securities of $825.0 million, and mortgage-backed securities of $337.0 million offset by sales of mortgage backed securities of $622.0 million, by sales U.S. government sponsored agency securities of $55.0 million, by calls and pay-offs of investment securities of $929.7 million, and by increases in gross unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale of $31.8 million.
The net unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale, which represents the difference between fair value and amortized cost, totaled $32.8 million at June 30, 2008, compared to net unrealized losses of $941,000 at year-end 2007. The increase in unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale was caused by the changes in market interest rate, an increase in the spreads for non-agency mortgage backed securities, and corporate debt and the sales of agency mortgage backed securities for a $8.2 million gain during the second quarter of 2008. Net unrealized gains/losses in the securities available-for-sale are included in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax, as part of total stockholders’ equity.
30
The average taxable-equivalent yield on securities available-for-sale decreased 98 basis points to 4.72% for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared with 5.70% for the same period a year ago, as securities matured, prepaid, or were called and proceeds were reinvested at lower interest rates.
The following tables summarize the composition, amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, and fair value of securities available-for-sale, as of June 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007:
June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | ||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | |||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||
U.S. treasury entities | $ | 657,226 | $ | 257 | $ | 351 | $ | 657,132 | |||||
U.S. government sponsored entities | 729,801 | 587 | 4,199 | 726,189 | |||||||||
State and municipal securities | 25,609 | 245 | 50 | 25,804 | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 878,052 | 725 | 11,685 | 867,092 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 6,119 | - | 179 | 5,940 | |||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations | 197,777 | 246 | 16,057 | 181,966 | |||||||||
Asset-backed securities | 484 | - | 55 | 429 | |||||||||
Corporate bonds | 35,383 | - | 2,264 | 33,119 | |||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities | 30,284 | - | - | 30,284 | |||||||||
Trust preferred securities | 5,400 | - | 2 | 5,398 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 2,566,135 | $ | 2,060 | $ | 34,842 | $ | 2,533,353 |
December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | ||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | |||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||
U.S. government sponsored entities | $ | 532,894 | $ | 1,735 | $ | 19 | $ | 534,610 | |||||
State and municipal securities | 33,657 | 388 | 24 | 34,021 | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 1,320,963 | 9,920 | 5,835 | 1,325,048 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | 9,189 | - | 271 | 8,918 | |||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations | 215,015 | 89 | 3,867 | 211,237 | |||||||||
Asset-backed securities | 603 | - | 2 | 601 | |||||||||
Corporate bonds | 126,535 | - | 841 | 125,694 | |||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities | 34,750 | 403 | 2,785 | 32,368 | |||||||||
Foreign corporate bonds | 75,000 | 168 | - | 75,168 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 2,348,606 | $ | 12,703 | $ | 13,644 | $ | 2,347,665 |
31
The following table summarizes the scheduled maturities by security type of securities available-for-sale, as of June 30, 2008:
June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
After One | After Five | |||||||||||||||
One Year | Year to | Years to | Over Ten | |||||||||||||
or Less | Five Years | Ten Years | Years | Total | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Maturity Distribution: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury entities | $ | 518,149 | $ | 138,983 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 657,132 | ||||||
U.S. government sponsored entities | 1,086 | 724,603 | 500 | - | 726,189 | |||||||||||
State and municipal securities | 1,584 | 9,117 | 12,315 | 2,788 | 25,804 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities (1) | 1,752 | 17,134 | 111,112 | 737,094 | 867,092 | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (1) | - | - | - | 5,940 | 5,940 | |||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations (1) | - | - | 39,131 | 142,835 | 181,966 | |||||||||||
Asset-backed securities (1) | - | - | - | 429 | 429 | |||||||||||
Corporate bonds | 133 | 245 | 24,640 | 8,101 | 33,119 | |||||||||||
Preferred stock of government sponsored entities (2) | - | - | - | 30,284 | 30,284 | |||||||||||
Trust preferred securities (2) | - | - | - | 5,398 | 5,398 | |||||||||||
Total | $ | 522,704 | $ | 890,082 | $ | 187,698 | $ | 932,869 | $ | 2,533,353 |
Between 2002 and 2004, the Company purchased a number of collateralized mortgage obligations comprised of interests in non-agency guaranteed residential mortgages. At June 30, 2008, the remaining par value of these securities was $184.8 million which represents 7.0% of the fair value of securities available-for-sale and 1.7% of total assets compared to 7.7% of the fair value of securities available-for-sale and 1.8% of total assets at March 31, 2008. At June 30, 2008, the unrealized loss for these securities was $17.0 million which represented 9.2% of the par amount of these non-agency guaranteed residential mortgages. Based on the Company’s analysis at June 30, 2008, there was no “other-than-temporary” impairment in these securities due to the low loan to value ratio for the loan underlying these securities, the credit support provided by junior tranches of these securitizations, and the continued AAA rating of these securities.
In July 2008, several rating agencies downgraded the preferred stock ratings of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. As a result of these rating downgrades and other concerns about the financial condition of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the Company recognized as of June 30, 2008, an other-than-temporary impairment loss of $5.8 million on its agency preferred stocks to write down the value of these securities to their respective market values as of June 30, 2008. As of June 30, 2008, the Company held Fannie Mae preferred stock with a carrying value of $15.4 million and Freddie Mac preferred stock with a carrying value of $14.9 million.
The Company has the ability and intent to hold the securities, including the non-agency collateralized mortgage obligation securities discussed above with unrealized losses of $17.0 million and $867.1 million of agency mortgage-backed securities at book value with unrealized losses of $11.7 million, for a period of time sufficient for a recovery of cost for those issues with unrealized losses.
32
The temporarily impaired securities represent 74.2% of the fair value of securities available-for-sale as of June 30, 2008. Unrealized losses for securities with unrealized losses for less than twelve months represent 1.0%, and securities with unrealized losses for twelve months or more represent 6.0% of the historical cost of these securities and generally resulted from increases in interest rates subsequent to the date that these securities were purchased. Except for one corporate bond issue with fair value of $133,000, all of these securities are investment grade, as of June 30, 2008. At June 30, 2008, 61 issues of securities had unrealized losses for 12 months or longer and 96 issues of securities had unrealized losses of less than 12 months. The table below shows the fair value, unrealized losses, and number of issuances as of June 30, 2008, of the temporarily impaired securities in the Company’s available-for-sale securities portfolio:
Temporarily Impaired Securities as of June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months | 12 months or longer | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair | Unrealized | No. of | Fair | Unrealized | No. of | Fair | Unrealized | No. of | ||||||||||||||||||||
Value | Losses | Issuances | Value | Losses | Issuances | Value | Losses | Issuances | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except no. of issuances) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description of securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury entities | 284,642 | 351 | 7 | - | - | - | 284,642 | 351 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
U.S. government sponsored entities | 605,818 | 4,182 | 9 | 483 | 17 | 2 | 606,301 | 4,199 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
State and municipal securities | 2,464 | 23 | 6 | 1,099 | 26 | 2 | 3,563 | 49 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 639,106 | 7,522 | 66 | 136,820 | 4,163 | 26 | 775,926 | 11,685 | 92 | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | - | - | - | 5,940 | 179 | 1 | 5,940 | 179 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage obligations | 7,920 | 1,211 | 2 | 156,501 | 14,846 | 27 | 164,421 | 16,057 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities | 385 | 55 | 1 | 44 | 1 | 1 | 429 | 56 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Corporate bonds | 32,741 | 2,255 | 4 | 378 | 9 | 2 | 33,119 | 2,264 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
Trust preferred securities | 5,398 | 2 | 1 | - | - | - | 5,398 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,578,474 | $ | 15,601 | 96 | $ | 301,265 | $ | 19,241 | 61 | $ | 1,879,739 | $ | 34,842 | 157 |
Loans
Gross loans were $7.3 billion as of June 30, 2008, compared to $6.7 billion as of December 31, 2007, representing an increase of $644.1 million, or 9.6%.
Commercial mortgage loans increased $348.3 million, or 9.3%, to $4.1 billion at June 30, 2008, compared to $3.8 billion at year-end 2007. At June 30, 2008, this portfolio represented approximately 56.1% of the Bank’s gross loans compared to 56.3% at year-end 2007. Commercial loans increased $148.4 million, or 10.3%, to $1.6 billion at June 30, 2008, compared to $1.4 billion at year-end 2007. In addition, construction loans increased $61.3 million, or 7.7%, and residential mortgage loans increased $53.4 million, or 9.6%, during the second quarter of 2008.
33
The following table sets forth the classification of loans by type, mix, and percentage change as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands) | June 30, 2008 | % of Gross Loans | December 31, 2007 | % of Gross Loans | % Change | ||||||||||||
Type of Loans | |||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | 1,584,280 | 21.6 | % | $ | 1,435,861 | 21.5 | % | 10.3 | % | |||||||
Residential mortgage | 609,132 | 8.3 | 555,703 | 8.3 | 9.6 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage | 4,111,019 | 56.1 | 3,762,689 | 56.3 | 9.3 | ||||||||||||
Equity lines | 147,593 | 2.0 | 108,004 | 1.6 | 36.7 | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction | 860,490 | 11.7 | 799,230 | 12.0 | 7.7 | ||||||||||||
Installment | 11,145 | 0.2 | 15,099 | 0.2 | (26.2 | ) | |||||||||||
Other | 4,065 | 0.1 | 7,059 | 0.1 | (42.4 | ) | |||||||||||
Gross loans and leases | $ | 7,327,724 | 100 | % | $ | 6,683,645 | 100 | % | 9.6 | % | |||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (84,856 | ) | (64,983 | ) | 30.6 | ||||||||||||
Unamortized deferred loan fees | (10,165 | ) | (10,583 | ) | (3.9 | ) | |||||||||||
Total loans and leases, net | $ | 7,232,703 | $ | 6,608,079 | 9.5 | % |
Asset Quality Review
Non-performing Assets
Non-performing assets to gross loans and other real estate owned was 1.40% at June 30, 2008, compared to 1.25% at December 31, 2007. Total non-performing assets increased $19.3 million, or 23.1%, to $103.0 million at June 30, 2008, compared with $83.7 million at December 31, 2007, primarily due to a $14.7 million increase in non-accrual loans and a $12.9 million increase in OREO offset by a $8.3 million decrease in loans past due 90 days or more.
The following table sets forth the breakdown of non-performing assets by category as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands) | June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | % Change | |||||||
Non-performing assets | ||||||||||
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more | $ | 960 | $ | 9,265 | (90 | ) | ||||
Non-accrual loans: | ||||||||||
Construction | 26,727 | 29,677 | (10 | ) | ||||||
Land | 22,282 | 6,627 | 236 | |||||||
Commercial real estate | 11,512 | 13,336 | (14 | ) | ||||||
Commercial | 8,186 | 6,664 | 23 | |||||||
Real estate mortgage | 4,299 | 1,971 | 118 | |||||||
Total non-accrual loans: | $ | 73,006 | $ | 58,275 | 25 | |||||
Total non-performing loans | 73,966 | 67,540 | 10 | |||||||
Other real estate owned | 29,077 | 16,147 | 80 | |||||||
Total non-performing assets | $ | 103,043 | $ | 83,687 | 23 | |||||
Troubled debt restructurings | $ | 12,584 | $ | 12,601 | (0 | ) | ||||
Total gross loans outstanding, at period-end | $ | 7,327,724 | $ | 6,683,645 | 10 | |||||
Non-performing assets as a percentage of gross loans and OREO | 1.40 | % | 1.25 | % |
Non-accrual Loans
During the second quarter of 2008, total non-accrual loans increased by $24.4 million. The new non-accruals included two mixed use land loans in the Inland Empire totaling $13.2 million, a $6.6 million condo construction loan in Orange County for which a discounted payoff is expected in August, 2008, a $3.7 million commercial loan to a distributor, a $2.9 million single family residential mortgage in Los Altos, California, a $2.6 million land loan zoned for apartments in Seattle, Washington, other commercial real estate loans totaling $3.4 million, commercial loans totaling $1.3 million, and residential mortgage loans of $0.2 million. During the second quarter, charge-offs of non-accrual loans totaled $3.0 million including a $1.5 million charge-off to the principal related to the mixed use land loans in the Inland Empire and a $0.9 million charge-off related to the Orange County condo construction loan. At June 30, 2008, total residential construction loans were $429.0 million of which $18.7 million were in San Bernardino and Riverside counties in California and $20.6 million were in the Central Valley in California. Residential construction loans of $4.8 million in Central Valley were on non-accrual status as of June 30, 2008. At June 30, 2008, total land loans were $237.5 million of which $42.9 million were in San Bernardino and Riverside counties and $1.8 million were in Central Valley. Land loans of $13.2 million in Riverside County were on non-accrual status as of June 30, 2008.
34
At June 30, 2008, total non-accrual loans of $73.0 million were comprised of nine construction loans totaling $26.7 million, seven land loans totaling $22.3 million, fourteen commercial real estate loans totaling $11.5 million, fourteen commercial loans totaling $8.2 million and eight residential mortgage loans totaling $4.3 million. The $26.7 million of construction loans were comprised of a $6.6 million condo construction loan in Orange County, a $5.0 million town house construction loan in Los Angeles County, a $4.0 million construction loan in the Central Valley, a $3.2 million land development loan in Los Angeles County, a $2.6 million condo construction loan in Boston, Massachusetts, $2.6 million for a condo construction loan in San Diego County, a $1.4 million residential construction loan in Texas and two additional residential construction loans totaling $1.3 million. The $11.5 million of non-accrual commercial real estate loans were comprised of $2.3 million in loans secured by multi-family residences, a $2.2 million loan secured by a motel in Texas, a $2.1 million loan secured by an office building in San Jose, California, a $0.9 million loan secured by an office building in Texas, and $4.0 million in loans secured by industrial buildings, a retail store and a restaurant.
Non-accrual loans increased by $14.7 million, or 25.3%, to $73.0 million at June 30, 2008, from $58.3 million at December 31, 2007. The following table presents non-accrual loans by type of collateral securing the loans, as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Real | Real | ||||||||||||
Estate (1) | Commercial | Estate (1) | Commercial | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||
Type of Collateral | |||||||||||||
Single/ multi-family residence | $ | 30,151 | $ | 99 | $ | 26,916 | $ | 163 | |||||
Commercial real estate | 9,204 | 888 | 14,885 | - | |||||||||
Land | 25,465 | - | 9,810 | - | |||||||||
Personal property (UCC) | - | 6,676 | - | 6,487 | |||||||||
Unsecured | - | 523 | - | 14 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 64,820 | $ | 8,186 | $ | 51,611 | $ | 6,664 | |||||
(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans. |
35
The following table presents non-accrual loans by type of businesses in which the borrowers are engaged, as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Real | Real | ||||||||||||
Estate (1) | Commercial | Estate (1) | Commercial | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||
Type of Business | |||||||||||||
Real estate development | $ | 60,367 | $ | 734 | $ | 48,794 | $ | - | |||||
Wholesale/Retail | 154 | 6,597 | 845 | 1,318 | |||||||||
Food/Restaurant | - | 141 | - | 92 | |||||||||
Import/Export | - | 714 | - | 5,254 | |||||||||
Other | 4,299 | - | 1,972 | - | |||||||||
Total | $ | 64,820 | $ | 8,186 | $ | 51,611 | $ | 6,664 | |||||
(1) Real estate includes commercial mortgage loans, real estate construction loans, and residential mortgage loans. |
Other Real Estate Owned
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) was $29.1 million at June 30, 2008 compared to $16.1 million at December 31,2007. OREO is comprised of nine properties, including a $11.6 million land zoned for apartments in Anaheim, California, a $9.3 million apartment building in Texas, a $6.8 million shopping center in Texas, and six other properties totaling $1.4 million.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) is a formal restructure of a loan when the lender, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date.
Troubled debt restructurings, excluding those on non-accrual status, was comprised of five loans totaling $12.6 million at June 30, 2008, compared to four loans totaling $12.6 million at December 31, 2007. Included in troubled debt restructured loans at June 30, 2008, is an $11.1 million condominium conversion construction loan for a project in San Diego County where the interest rate has been reduced to 6.0%. At June 30, 2008, the restructured loans were performing under their revised terms.
Impaired Loans
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement based on current circumstances and events. The assessment for impairment occurs when and while such loans are on non-accrual, or the loan has been restructured. Those loans less than our defined selection criteria, generally the loan amount less than $100,000, are treated as a homogeneous portfolio. If loans meeting the defined criteria are not collateral dependent, we measure the impairment based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. If loans meeting the defined criteria are collateral dependent, we measure the impairment by using the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the recorded amount of the loan, we then recognize impairment by creating or adjusting an existing valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses.
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The Company identified impaired loans with a recorded investment of $84.1 million at June 30, 2008, compared with $70.0 million at year-end 2007, an increase of $14.1 million, or 20.2%. The Company considers all non-accrual loans to be impaired. At June 30, 2008, one troubled debt restructured loan of $11.1 million was impaired but still accruing. The following table presents impaired loans and the related allowance, as of the dates indicated:
At June 30, 2008 | At December 31, 2007 | ||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||
Balance of impaired loans with no allocated allowance | $ | 55,070 | $ | 50,249 | |||
Balance of impaired loans with an allocated allowance | 29,041 | 19,701 | |||||
Total recorded investment in impaired loans | $ | 84,111 | $ | 69,950 | |||
Amount of the allowance allocated to impaired loans | $ | 6,084 | $ | 4,937 |
Loan Concentration
Most of the Company’s business activity is with customers located in the predominantly Asian areas of Southern and Northern California; New York City, New York; Dallas and Houston, Texas; Seattle, Washington; Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; and Edison, New Jersey. The Company has no specific industry concentration, and generally its loans are collateralized with real property or other pledged collateral of the borrowers. Loans are generally expected to be paid off from the operating profits of the borrowers, refinancing by another lender, or through sale by the borrowers of the secured collateral.
There were no loan concentrations to multiple borrowers in similar activities which exceeded 10% of total loans as of June 30, 2008, and as of December 31, 2007.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Bank maintains the allowance for credit losses at a level that is considered to be equal to the estimated and known risks in the loan portfolio and off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. Allowance for credit losses is comprised of allowance for loan losses and reserve for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments. With this risk management objective, the Bank’s management has an established monitoring system that is designed to identify impaired and potential problem loans, and to permit periodic evaluation of impairment and the adequacy level of the allowance for credit losses in a timely manner.
In addition, our Board of Directors has established a written credit policy that includes a credit review and control system which it believes should be effective in ensuring that the Bank maintains an adequate allowance for credit losses. The Board of Directors provides oversight for the allowance evaluation process, including quarterly evaluations, and determines whether the allowance is adequate to absorb losses in the credit portfolio. The determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses and the provision for credit losses is based on management’s current judgment about the credit quality of the loan portfolio and takes into consideration known relevant internal and external factors that affect collectibility when determining the appropriate level for the allowance for credit losses. The nature of the process by which the Bank determines the appropriate allowance for credit losses requires the exercise of considerable judgment. Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by charges to the provision for credit losses. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Bank’s control, including the performance of the Bank’s loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates, and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. Identified credit exposures that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for credit losses. Recoveries of previously charged off amounts, if any, are credited to the allowance for credit losses. A weakening of the economy or other factors that adversely affect asset quality could result in an increase in the number of delinquencies, bankruptcies, or defaults, and a higher level of non-performing assets, net charge-offs, and provision for credit losses in future periods.
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The allowance for loan losses was $84.9 million and the allowance for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments was $5.5 million at June 30, 2008, and represented the amount that the Company believes to be sufficient to absorb credit losses inherent in the Company’s loan portfolio. The allowance for credit losses, the sum of allowance for loan losses and for off-balance sheet unfunded credit commitments, was $90.4 million at June 30, 2008, compared to $69.6 million at December 31, 2007. The allowance for credit losses represented 1.23% of period-end gross loans and 122% of non-performing loans at June 30, 2008. The comparable ratios were 1.04% of gross loans and 103% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2007.
The following table sets forth information relating to the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated:
For the six months ended | For the year ended | ||||||
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||
Allowance for Loan Losses | (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 64,983 | $ | 60,220 | |||
Provision for credit losses | 28,000 | 11,000 | |||||
Transfers to reserve for off-balance sheet | |||||||
credit commitments | (938 | ) | (107 | ) | |||
Charge-offs : | |||||||
Commercial loans | (2,121 | ) | (7,503 | ) | |||
Construction loans | (5,009 | ) | (978 | ) | |||
Real estate loans | (721 | ) | (1,570 | ) | |||
Installment loans and other loans | - | (23 | ) | ||||
Total charge-offs | (7,851 | ) | (10,074 | ) | |||
Recoveries: | |||||||
Commercial loans | 567 | 3,025 | |||||
Construction loans | 83 | 190 | |||||
Real estate loans | - | 265 | |||||
Installment loans and other loans | 12 | 32 | |||||
Total recoveries | 662 | 3,512 | |||||
Allowance from acquisitions | - | 432 | |||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 84,856 | $ | 64,983 | |||
Reserve for off-balance sheet credit commitments | |||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 4,576 | $ | 4,469 | |||
Provision for credit losses/transfers | 938 | 107 | |||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 5,514 | $ | 4,576 | |||
Average loans outstanding | |||||||
during period ended | $ | 6,963,564 | $ | 6,170,505 | |||
Total gross loans outstanding, at period-end | $ | 7,327,724 | $ | 6,683,645 | |||
Total non-performing loans, at period-end | $ | 73,966 | $ | 67,540 | |||
Ratio of net charge-offs to average | |||||||
loans outstanding during the period | 0.21 | % | 0.11 | % | |||
Provision for credit losses to average | |||||||
loans outstanding during the period | 0.81 | % | 0.18 | % | |||
Allowance for credit losses to | |||||||
non-performing loans at period-end | 122.18 | % | 102.99 | % | |||
Allowance for credit losses to | |||||||
gross loans at period-end | 1.23 | % | 1.04 | % |
Our allowance for loan losses consists of the following:
• | Specific allowance: For impaired loans, we provide specific allowances based on an evaluation of impairment, and for each criticized loan, we allocate a portion of the general allowance to each loan based on a loss percentage assigned. The percentage assigned depends on a number of factors including loan classification, the current financial condition of the borrowers and guarantors, the prevailing value of the underlying collateral, charge-off history, management’s knowledge of the portfolio, and general economic conditions. During the third quarter of 2007, we revised our minimum loss rates for loans rated Special Mention and Substandard to incorporate the results of a classification migration model reflecting actual losses beginning in 2003. |
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• | General allowance: The unclassified portfolio is segmented on a group basis. Segmentation is determined by loan type and by identifying risk characteristics that are common to the groups of loans. The allowance is provided to each segmented group based on the group’s historical loan loss experience, the trends in delinquency and non-accrual, and other significant factors, such as national and local economy, trends and conditions, strength of management and loan staff, underwriting standards, and the concentration of credit. Beginning in the third quarter of 2007, minimum loss rates have been assigned for loans graded Minimally Acceptable instead of grouping these loans with the unclassified portfolio. |
To determine the adequacy of the allowance in each of these two components, the Bank employs two primary methodologies, the classification migration methodology and the individual loan review analysis methodology. These methodologies support the basis for determining allocations between the various loan categories and the overall adequacy of the Bank’s allowance to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. These methodologies are further supported by additional analysis of relevant factors such as the historical losses in the portfolio, trends in the non-performing/non-accrual loans, loan delinquencies, the volume of the portfolio, peer group comparisons, and federal regulatory policy for loan and lease losses. Other significant factors of portfolio analysis include changes in lending policies/underwriting standards, portfolio composition, and concentrations of credit, and trends in the national and local economy.
With these methodologies, a general allowance is for those loans internally classified and risk graded Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss based on historical losses in the portfolio. Additionally, the Bank’s management allocates a specific allowance for “Impaired Credits,” in accordance with SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan.” The level of the general allowance is established to provide coverage for management’s estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolio by various loan segments not covered by the specific allowance.
The table set forth below reflects management’s allocation of the allowance for loan losses by loan category and the ratio of each loan category to the total average loans as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands) | June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||
Percentage of | Percentage of | ||||||||||||
Loans in Each | Loans in Each | ||||||||||||
Category | Category | ||||||||||||
to Average | to Average | ||||||||||||
Type of Loans: | Amount | Gross Loans | Amount | Gross Loans | |||||||||
Commercial loans | $ | 31,778 | 21.6 | % | $ | 24,081 | 21.1 | % | |||||
Residential mortgage loans | 1,616 | 10.0 | 1,314 | 9.9 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans | 28,960 | 56.1 | 26,646 | 56.4 | |||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 22,472 | 11.9 | 12,906 | 12.1 | |||||||||
Installment loans | 30 | 0.2 | 36 | 0.3 | |||||||||
Other loans | - | 0.2 | - | 0.2 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 84,856 | 100 | % | $ | 64,983 | 100 | % |
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The allowance allocated to commercial loans increased to $31.8 million at June 30, 2008, from $24.1 million at December 31, 2007, due to increases in loans risk graded Substandard due in part to weakness in the economy. Non-accrual commercial loans were $8.2 million, or 11.2% of non-accrual loans at June 30, 2008, compared to $6.7 million, or 11.4% at December 31, 2007.
The allowance allocated to residential mortgage loans increased $302,000 from $1.3 million at December 31, 2007, to $1.6 million at June 30, 2008.
The allowance allocated to commercial mortgage loans increased from $26.6 million at December 31, 2007, to $29.0 million at June 30, 2008, due to growth in commercial mortgage loans and increases in loans risk graded Special Mention or Substandard due in part to the weakness in the economy. As of June 30, 2008, there were $33.8 million commercial mortgage loans on non-accrual status compared to $19.9 million at December 31, 2007. Non-accrual commercial mortgage loans comprised 46.3% of non-accrual loans at June 30, 2008, compared to 34.3% at December 31, 2007.
The allowance allocated to construction loans has increased from $12.9 million at December 31, 2007, to $22.5 million at June 30, 2008, due to growth in construction loans and increase in loans risk graded Substandard. The allowance allocated to construction loans as a percentage of total construction loans was 2.7% of construction loans at June 30, 2008 compared to 1.6% at December 31, 2007. At June 30, 2008, construction loans totaling $26.7 million were on non-accrual status which comprised 36.6% of non-accrual loans compared to $29.7 million, or 50.9% at December 31, 2007.
Deposits
At June 30, 2008, total deposits were $6.7 billion, an increase of $463.7 million, or 7.4%, from $6.3 billion at December 31, 2007. All types of deposits increased during the first six months of 2008. Time deposits of $100,000 or more increased $233.8 million, or 8.0%, and time deposits under $100,000 increased $113.4 million, or 8.7%. Non-interest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing demand deposits, and savings deposits comprised 31.9% of total deposits at June 30, 2008, time deposit accounts of less than $100,000 comprised 21.1% of total deposits, while the remaining 47.0% was comprised of time deposit accounts of $100,000 or more.
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The following tables display the deposit mix as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2008 | % of Total | December 31, 2007 | % of Total | ||||||||||
Deposits | (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing demand | $ | 818,776 | 12.1 | % | $ | 785,364 | 12.5 | % | |||||
NOW | 261,005 | 3.9 | 231,583 | 3.7 | |||||||||
Money market | 732,410 | 10.9 | 681,783 | 10.8 | |||||||||
Savings | 334,328 | 5.0 | 331,316 | 5.3 | |||||||||
Time deposits under $100,000 | 1,424,692 | 21.1 | 1,311,251 | 20.9 | |||||||||
Time deposits of $100,000 or more | 3,170,831 | 47.0 | 2,937,070 | 46.8 | |||||||||
Total deposits | $ | 6,742,042 | 100.0 | % | $ | 6,278,367 | 100.0 | % |
At June 30, 2008, brokered deposits which are included in time deposits under $100,000 increased $155.5 million to $788.1 million from $632.6 million at December 31, 2007.
Borrowings
Borrowings include Federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, funds obtained as advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco, and borrowings from other financial institutions.
Federal funds purchased were $81.0 million with a weighted average rate of 2.75% as of June 30, 2008, compared to $41.0 million with a weighted average rate of 4.00% as of December 31, 2007.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase were $1.6 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.83% at June 30, 2008, compared to $1.4 billion with a weighted average rate of 3.57% at December 31, 2007. Seventeen floating-to-fixed rate agreements totaling $900.0 million are with initial floating rates for a period of time ranging from six months to one year, with the floating rates ranging from the three-month LIBOR minus 100 basis points to the three-month LIBOR minus 340 basis points. Thereafter, the rates are fixed for the remainder of the term, with interest rates ranging from 4.29% to 5.07%. After the initial floating rate term, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the fixed rate reset date and quarterly thereafter. Thirteen fixed-to-floating rate agreements totaling $650.0 million are with initial fixed rates ranging from 1.00% and 3.50% with initial fixed rate terms ranging from six months to eighteen months. For the remainder of the seven year term, the rates float at 8% minus the three-month LIBOR rate with a maximum rate ranging from 3.25% to 3.75% and minimum rate of 0.0%. After the initial fixed rate term, the counterparties have the right to terminate the transaction at par at the floating rate reset date and quarterly thereafter.
At June 30, 2008, included in long-term transactions are twenty-three repurchase agreements totaling $1.2 billion that were callable but which had not been called. Six fixed-to-floating rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have variable interest rates currently at a range from 3.50% to 3.75% maximum rate until their final maturities in September 2014. Four floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have fixed interest rates ranging from 4.89% to 5.07%, until their final maturities in January 2017. Ten floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements totaled $550.0 million have fixed interest rates ranging from 4.29% to 4.78%, until their final maturities in 2014. Two floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreements of $50.0 million each have fixed interest rates at 4.75% and 4.79%, until their final maturities in 2011. One floating-to-fixed rate repurchase agreement of $50.0 million has fixed interest rate at 4.83% until its final maturities in 2012.
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Total advances from the FHLB of San Francisco decreased $258.5 million to $1.1 billion at June 30, 2008 from $1.4 billion at December 31, 2007. Non-puttable advances totaled $416.7 million with a weighted rate of 3.96% and puttable advances totaled $700.0 million with a weighted average rate of 4.42% at June 30, 2008. The FHLB has the right to terminate the puttable transaction at par at each three-month anniversary after the first put date. FHLB advances of $300.0 million at a weighted average rate of 4.31% were puttable as of June 30, 2008. The remaining puttable FHLB advances of $400.0 million at a weighted average rate of 4.5% are puttable at the second anniversary date in 2009.
Long-term Debt
On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. This instrument matures on September 29, 2016, and bears interest at a per annum rate based on the three month LIBOR plus 110 basis points, payable on a quarterly basis. At June 30, 2008, the per annum interest rate on the subordinated debt was 3.90% compared to 5.93% at December 31, 2007. The subordinated debt was issued through the Bank and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting purposes and is included in long-term debt in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Bancorp established three special purpose trusts in 2003 and two in 2007 for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities to outside investors (Capital Securities). The trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common stock of the trusts by the Bancorp, in junior subordinated notes issued by the Bancorp. The five special purpose trusts are considered variable interest entities under FIN 46R. Because the Bancorp is not the primary beneficiary of the trusts, the financial statements of the trusts are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. At June 30, 2008, junior subordinated debt securities totaled $121.1 million with a weighted average interest rate of 4.93% compared to $121.1 million with a weighted average rate of 7.13% at December 31, 2007. The junior subordinated debt securities have a stated maturity term of 30 years and are currently included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes.
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Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes the Company’s contractual obligations to make future payments as of June 30, 2008. Payments for deposits and borrowings do not include interest. Payments related to leases are based on actual payments specified in the underlying contracts.
Payment Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||
More than | 3 years or | |||||||||||||||
1 year but | more but | |||||||||||||||
1 year | less than | less than | 5 years | |||||||||||||
or less | 3 years | 5 years | or more | Total | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Contractual obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Deposits with stated maturity dates | $ | 4,523,740 | $ | 70,250 | $ | 1,498 | $ | 35 | $ | 4,595,523 | ||||||
Federal funds purchased | 81,000 | - | - | - | 81,000 | |||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (1) | - | 100,000 | 50,000 | 1,400,000 | 1,550,000 | |||||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (2) | 50,000 | 296,413 | 770,300 | - | 1,116,713 | |||||||||||
Other borrowings | 10,000 | - | - | 19,577 | 29,577 | |||||||||||
Long-term debt | - | - | - | 171,136 | 171,136 | |||||||||||
Operating leases | 6,752 | 8,641 | 5,719 | 4,495 | 25,607 | |||||||||||
Total contractual obligations and other commitments | $ | 4,671,492 | $ | 475,304 | $ | 827,517 | $ | 1,595,243 | $ | 7,569,556 |
(1) | These repurchase agreements have a final maturity of 5-year, 7-year and 10-year from origination date but are callable on a quarterly basis after six months, one year, or 18 months for the 7-year term and one year for the 5-year and 10-year term. |
(2) | FHLB advances of $700.0 million that mature in 2012 have a callable option. On a quarterly basis, $300.0 million are callable at the first anniversary date and $400.0 million are callable at the second anniversay date. |
Capital Resources
Stockholders’ equity of $994.7 million at June 30, 2008, increased by $22.8 million, or 2.3%, compared to $971.9 million at December 31, 2007. The following table summarizes the activity in stockholders’ equity:
Six months ended | ||||
(In thousands) | June 30, 2008 | |||
Net income | $ | 46,530 | ||
Proceeds from shares issued to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan | 1,249 | |||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 356 | |||
Tax short-fall from stock-based compensation expense | (237 | ) | ||
Share-based compensation | 3,838 | |||
Changes in other comprehensive income | (18,453 | ) | ||
Cumulative effect adjustment as a result of adoption of EITF No. 06-4 | ||||
Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit | ||||
Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements | (147 | ) | ||
Cash dividends paid | (10,366 | ) | ||
Net increase in stockholders' equity | $ | 22,770 |
On November 2007, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to an aggregate of one million shares of the Company’s common stock following the completion of the stock repurchase program of May 2007. During 2007, the Company repurchased 2,829,203 shares of common stock for $92.4 million, or an average price of $32.67 per share. No shares were purchased during the first six months of 2008. At June 30, 2008, 622,500 shares remain under the Company’s November 2007 repurchase program.
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The Company declared a cash dividend of 10.5 cents per share for distribution in January 2008 on 49,342,991 shares outstanding, in April 2008 on 49,382,350 shares outstanding, and in July 2008 on 49,419,098 shares outstanding. Total cash dividends paid in 2008, including the $5.2 million paid in July, amounted to $15.6 million.
Capital Adequacy Review
Management seeks to maintain the Company's capital at a level sufficient to support future growth, protect depositors and stockholders, and comply with various regulatory requirements.
On September 29, 2006, the Bank issued $50.0 million in subordinated debt in a private placement transaction. This instrument matures on September 29, 2016. The subordinated debt was issued through the Bank and qualifies as Tier 2 capital for regulatory reporting purposes.
The Bancorp established five special purpose trusts for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities to outside investors (Capital Securities). The trusts exist for the purpose of issuing the Capital Securities and investing the proceeds thereof, together with proceeds from the purchase of the common stock of the trusts by the Bancorp, in junior subordinated notes issued by the Bancorp. The junior subordinated debt of $121.1 million as of June 30, 2008, were included in the Tier 1 capital of the Bancorp for regulatory capital purposes.
Both the Bancorp’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital continued to exceed the regulatory minimum requirements as of June 30, 2008. In addition, the capital ratios of the Bank place it in the “well capitalized” category which is defined as institutions with a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio equal to or greater than 6.0%, total risk-based ratio equal to or greater than 10.0%, and Tier 1 leverage capital ratio equal to or greater than 5.0%.
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The following table presents the Bancorp’s and the Bank’s capital and leverage ratios as of June 30, 2008, and December 31, 2007:
Cathay General Bancorp | Cathay Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance | % | Balance | % | Balance | % | Balance | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) | $ | 800,638 | 9.38 | $ | 755,431 | 9.09 | $ | 786,779 | 9.23 | $ | 750,698 | 9.04 | |||||||||||||
Tier 1 capital minimum requirement | 341,389 | 4.00 | 332,384 | 4.00 | 340,996 | 4.00 | 332,014 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||
Excess | $ | 459,249 | 5.38 | $ | 423,047 | 5.09 | $ | 445,783 | 5.23 | $ | 418,684 | 5.04 | |||||||||||||
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) | $ | 940,074 | 11.02 | $ | 874,056 | 10.52 | $ | 927,149 | 10.88 | $ | 870,257 | 10.49 | |||||||||||||
Total capital minimum requirement | 682,778 | 8.00 | 664,768 | 8.00 | 681,991 | 8.00 | 664,027 | 8.00 | |||||||||||||||||
Excess | $ | 257,296 | 3.02 | $ | 209,288 | 2.52 | $ | 245,158 | 2.88 | $ | 206,230 | 2.49 | |||||||||||||
Tier 1 capital (to average assets) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
- Leverage ratio | $ | 800,638 | 7.83 | $ | 755,431 | 7.83 | $ | 786,779 | 7.71 | $ | 750,698 | 7.79 | |||||||||||||
Minimum leverage requirement | 408,883 | 4.00 | 385,812 | 4.00 | 408,326 | 4.00 | 385,269 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||
Excess | $ | 391,755 | 3.83 | $ | 369,619 | 3.83 | $ | 378,453 | 3.71 | $ | 365,429 | 3.79 | |||||||||||||
Risk-weighted assets | $ | 8,534,730 | $ | 8,309,598 | $ | 8,524,888 | $ | 8,300,343 | |||||||||||||||||
Total average assets (1) | $ | 10,222,074 | $ | 9,645,310 | $ | 10,208,158 | $ | 9,631,720 |
(1) | The quarterly total average assets reflect all debt securities at amortized cost, equity security with readily determinable fair values at the lower of cost or fair value, and equity securities without readily determinable fair values at historical cost. |
Liquidity
Liquidity is our ability to maintain sufficient cash flow to meet maturing financial obligations and customer credit needs, and to take advantage of investment opportunities as they are presented in the marketplace. Our principal sources of liquidity are growth in deposits, proceeds from the maturity or sale of securities and other financial instruments, repayments from securities and loans, federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”). At June 30, 2008, our liquidity ratio (defined as net cash plus short-term and marketable securities to net deposits and short-term liabilities) was at 15.7% compared to 15.8% at year-end 2007.
To supplement its liquidity needs, the Bank maintains a total credit line of $304.0 million for federal funds with six correspondent banks, and master agreements with brokerage firms for the sale of securities subject to repurchase. The Bank is also a shareholder of the FHLB of San Francisco, enabling it to have access to lower cost FHLB financing when necessary. As of June 30, 2008, the Bank had an approved credit line with the FHLB of San Francisco totaling $1.6 billion. The total credit outstanding with the FHLB of San Francisco at June 30, 2008, was $1.1 billion. These borrowings are secured by loans and securities.
Liquidity can also be provided through the sale of liquid assets, which consist of federal funds sold, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and unpledged investment securities available-for-sale. At June 30, 2008, investment securities available-for-sale at fair value totaled $2.5 billion, with $2.4 billion pledged as collateral for borrowings and other commitments. The remaining $98.9 million was available as additional liquidity or to be pledged as collateral for additional borrowings.
Approximately 98% of the Company’s time deposits are maturing within one year or less as of June 30, 2008. Management anticipates that there may be some outflow of these deposits upon maturity due to the keen competition in the Bank’s marketplace. However, based on our historical runoff experience, we expect that the outflow will be minimal and can be replenished through our normal growth in deposits. Management believes the above-mentioned sources will provide adequate liquidity to the Bank to meet its daily operating needs.
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The Bancorp obtains funding for its activities primarily through dividend income contributed by the Bank and proceeds from the issuance of securities, including proceeds from the issuance of its common stock pursuant to its Dividend Reinvestment Plan and the exercise of stock options. Dividends paid to the Bancorp by the Bank are subject to regulatory limitations. The business activities of the Bancorp consist primarily of the operation of the Bank with limited activities in other investments. Management believes the Bancorp’s liquidity generated from its prevailing sources is sufficient to meet its operational needs.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market Risk
We use a net interest income simulation model to measure the extent of the differences in the behavior of the lending and funding rates to changing interest rates, so as to project future earnings or market values under alternative interest rate scenarios. Interest rate risk arises primarily through the Company’s traditional business activities of extending loans and accepting deposits. Many factors, including economic and financial conditions, movements in interest rates and consumer preferences affect the spread between interest earned on assets and interest paid on liabilities. The net interest income simulation model is designed to measure the volatility of net interest income and net portfolio value, defined as net present value of assets and liabilities, under immediate rising or falling interest rate scenarios in 100 basis point increments.
Although the modeling is very helpful in managing interest rate risk, it does require significant assumptions for the projection of loan prepayment rates on mortgage related assets, loan volumes and pricing, and deposit and borrowing volume and pricing, that might prove inaccurate. Because these assumptions are inherently uncertain, the model cannot precisely estimate net interest income, or precisely predict the effect of higher or lower interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rates changes, the differences between actual experience and the assumed volume, changes in market conditions, and management strategies, among other factors. The Company monitors its interest rate sensitivity and attempts to reduce the risk of a significant decrease in net interest income caused by a change in interest rates.
We have established a tolerance level in our policy to define and limit interest income volatility to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. When the net interest rate simulation projects that our tolerance level will be met or exceeded, we seek corrective action after considering, among other things, market conditions, customer reaction, and the estimated impact on profitability. The Company’s simulation model also projects the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities. We have established a tolerance level in our policy to value the net economic value of our portfolio of assets and liabilities to a change of plus or minus 15% when the hypothetical rate change is plus or minus 200 basis points. At June 30, 2008, the market value of equity exceeded management’s 15% limit for a hypothetical upward rate change of 200 basis points. Management intends to take steps over the remainder of the year to reduce this exposure.
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The table below shows the estimated impact of changes in interest rate on net interest income and market value of equity as of June 30, 2008:
Net Interest | Market Value | ||||||
Income | of Equity | ||||||
Volatility (1) | Volatility (2) | ||||||
Change in Interest Rate (Basis Points) | June 30, 2008 | June 30, 2008 | |||||
+200 | -5.0 | -16.4 | |||||
+100 | -2.5 | -7.6 | |||||
-100 | -3.4 | 5.2 | |||||
-200 | -8.0 | 1.3 |
(1) | The percentage change in this column represents net interest income of the Company for 12 months in a stable interest rate environment versus the net interest income in the various rate scenarios. |
(2) | The percentage change in this column represents net portfolio value of the Company in a stable interest rate environment versus the net portfolio value in the various rate scenarios. |
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13(a)-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There has not been any change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
The Bancorp’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Cathay Bank, is a party to ordinary routine litigation from time to time incidental to various aspects of its operations. Management is not aware of any litigation that is expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, or the results of operations.
Item 1a. RISK FACTORS.
There is no material change from risk factors as previously disclosed in the registrant’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K in response to Item 1A to Part I of Form 10-K.
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Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES | ||||
Period | (a) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased | (b) Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) | (c) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | (d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
Month #1 (April 1, 2008 - April 30, 2008) | 0 | $0 | 0 | 622,500 |
Month #2 (May 1, 2008 - May 31, 2008) | 0 | $0 | 0 | 622,500 |
Month #3 (June 1, 2008 - June 30, 2008) | 0 | $0 | 0 | 622,500 |
Total | 0 | $0 | 0 | 622,500 |
On November 2007, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had approved a new stock repurchase program to buy back up to an aggregate of one million shares of the Company’s common stock following the completion of the stock repurchase program of May 2007. During 2007, the Company repurchased 2,829,203 shares of common stock for $92.4 million, or an average price of $32.67 per share. No shares were purchased during the first six months of 2008. At June 30, 2008, 622,500 shares remain under the Company’s November 2007 repurchase program.
Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
Not applicable.
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Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
The annual meeting of stockholders of Cathay General Bancorp was held on April 21, 2008. The proposals considered and the voting results are as follows:
Proposal 1: Election of three Class III directors to serve until the 2011 annual meeting of stockholders and their successions have been elected and qualified.
Votes FOR | % FOR | WITHHELD | ||||||||
Patrick S.D. Lee | 41,033,894 | 98.72 | % | 531,213 | ||||||
Ting Y. Liu | 41,210,721 | 99.14 | % | 354,386 | ||||||
Nelson Chung | 41,222,079 | 99.17 | % | 343,028 |
Other directors whose terms of office continued after the meeting:
Term ending in 2009 (Class I) | Term ending in 2010 (Class II) |
Michael M.Y. Chang | Kelly L. Chan |
Anthony M. Tang | Dunson K. Cheng |
Thomas G. Tartaglia | Thomas C.T. Chiu |
Peter Wu | Joseph C.H. Poon |
Proposal 2: Stockholder proposal requesting that the Board of Directors take action to eliminate classification of terms of the Board.
Votes FOR | % FOR | AGAINST | ABSTAIN |
14,963,066 | 51.48% | 8,440,105 | 5,659,014 |
Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
Not applicable.
Item 6. EXHIBITS.
(i) | Exhibit 31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(ii) | Exhibit 31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(iii) | Exhibit 32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(iv) | Exhibit 32.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Cathay General Bancorp (Registrant) | |
Date: August 11, 2008 | By: /s/ Dunson K. Cheng . Dunson K. Cheng Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer |
Date: August 11, 2008 | By: /s/ Heng W. Chen Heng W. Chen Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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