Loans | (4.) LOANS The Company’s loan portfolio consisted of the following as of the dates indicated (in thousands): Principal Net Deferred Loans, March 31, 2024 Commercial business $ 706,756 $ 808 $ 707,564 Commercial mortgage 2,048,580 ( 3,524 ) 2,045,056 Residential real estate loans 635,849 12,311 648,160 Residential real estate lines 72,307 3,361 75,668 Consumer indirect 889,129 31,299 920,428 Other consumer 45,243 ( 73 ) 45,170 Total $ 4,397,864 $ 44,182 4,442,046 Allowance for credit losses – loans ( 43,075 ) Total loans, net $ 4,398,971 December 31, 2023 Commercial business $ 734,947 $ 753 $ 735,700 Commercial mortgage 2,009,269 ( 3,950 ) 2,005,319 Residential real estate loans 637,173 12,649 649,822 Residential real estate lines 73,972 3,395 77,367 Consumer indirect 915,723 33,108 948,831 Other consumer 45,167 ( 67 ) 45,100 Total $ 4,416,251 $ 45,888 4,462,139 Allowance for credit losses – loans ( 51,082 ) Total loans, net $ 4,411,057 Loans held for sale (not included above) were comprised entirely of residential real estate mortgages and totaled $ 504 thousand and $ 1.4 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company sells certain qualifying newly originated or refinanced residential real estate loans on the secondary market. Residential real estate loans serviced for others, which are not included in the consolidated statements of financial condition, amounted to $ 268.7 million and $ 269.4 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of loans disclosed throughout this footnote. As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, AIR for loans totaled $ 22.0 million and $ 21.8 million , respectively, and is included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition. (4.) LOANS (Continued) Past Due Loans Aging The Company’s recorded investment, by loan class, in current and nonaccrual loans, as well as an analysis of accruing delinquent loans is set forth as of the dates indicated (in thousands): 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Total Past Nonaccrual Current Total Nonaccrual March 31, 2024 Commercial business $ 2,950 $ — $ — $ 2,950 $ 5,956 $ 697,850 $ 706,756 $ 315 Commercial mortgage — 36 — 36 10,826 2,037,718 2,048,580 10,826 Residential real estate loans 1,481 — — 1,481 6,797 627,571 635,849 6,797 Residential real estate lines 68 119 — 187 235 71,885 72,307 235 Consumer indirect 6,578 1,546 — 8,124 2,880 878,125 889,129 2,880 Other consumer 86 6 36 128 — 45,115 45,243 — Total loans, gross $ 11,163 $ 1,707 $ 36 $ 12,906 $ 26,694 $ 4,358,264 $ 4,397,864 $ 21,053 December 31, 2023 Commercial business $ 341 $ — $ — $ 341 $ 5,664 $ 728,942 $ 734,947 $ 341 Commercial mortgage 5,900 727 — 6,627 10,563 1,992,079 2,009,269 10,563 Residential real estate loans 2,614 80 — 2,694 6,364 628,115 637,173 6,364 Residential real estate lines 163 20 — 183 221 73,568 73,972 221 Consumer indirect 16,128 3,204 — 19,332 3,814 892,577 915,723 3,814 Other consumer 122 27 21 170 13 44,984 45,167 13 Total loans, gross $ 25,268 $ 4,058 $ 21 $ 29,347 $ 26,639 $ 4,360,265 $ 4,416,251 $ 21,316 There were $ 36 thousand and $ 21 thousand in consumer overdrafts which were past due greater than 90 days as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Consumer overdrafts are overdrawn deposit accounts which have been reclassified as loans but by their terms do not accrue interest. Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recorded using the cash basis method of accounting. There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Estimated interest income of $ 132 thousand and $ 122 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, would have been recorded if all such loans had been accruing interest according to their original contractual terms. Loan Modifications for Borrower Experiencing Financial Difficulty Loans may be modified when it is determined that a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Loan modifications may include principal forgiveness, interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, and term extensions, or a combination of these concessions. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by loan class and type of concession granted as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands): Term Extension Amortized Cost Basis % of Total Loans Loan Type Commercial business $ — 0.0 % Commercial mortgage — 0.0 % Residential real estate loans 1,506 0.2 % Residential real estate lines — 0.0 % Consumer indirect — 0.0 % Other consumer — 0.0 % Total $ 1,506 0.0 % The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty: Term Extension Loan Type Financial Effect Residential real estate loans Added a weighted average 10.0 years to the life of the loans, which reduced monthly payment amount for the borrower. (4.) LOANS (Continued) The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands): Payment Status (Amortized Cost Basis) Current 30-89 Days 90+ Days Loan Type Commercial business $ - $ - $ - Commercial mortgage - - - Residential real estate loans 865 144 97 Residential real estate lines - - - Consumer indirect - - - Other consumer - - - Total $ 865 $ 144 $ 97 Collateral Dependent Loans Management has determined that specific commercial loans on nonaccrual status, all loans that have had their terms restructured when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, and other loans deemed appropriate by management where repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral to be collateral dependent loans. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by collateral type as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Collateral type Business assets Real property Total Specific Reserve March 31, 2024 Commercial business $ 7,260 $ 5,000 $ 12,260 $ 2,314 Commercial mortgage — 20,808 20,808 — Total $ 7,260 $ 25,808 $ 33,068 $ 2,314 December 31, 2023 Commercial business $ 8,698 $ 5,000 $ 13,698 $ 2,198 Commercial mortgage — 26,575 26,575 559 Total $ 8,698 $ 31,575 $ 40,273 $ 2,757 Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors such as the fair value of collateral. The Company analyzes commercial business and commercial mortgage loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Risk ratings are updated any time the situation warrants. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention: Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard: Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful: Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans that do not meet the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the process described above are considered “uncriticized” or pass-rated loans and are included in groups of homogeneous loans with similar risk and loss characteristics. (4.) LOANS (Continued) The following tables set forth the Company’s commercial loan portfolio, categorized by internally assigned asset classification, as of the dates indicated (in thousands): Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Revolving Total March 31, 2024 Commercial Business: Uncriticized $ 7,337 $ 107,289 $ 96,821 $ 75,632 $ 39,515 $ 74,444 $ 277,930 $ — $ 678,968 Special mention — 7,023 — 2,310 — 950 2,379 — 12,662 Substandard 57 1,243 10 105 27 6 8,570 — 10,018 Doubtful — — 5,041 — — 633 242 — 5,916 Total Commercial Business loans $ 7,394 $ 115,555 $ 101,872 $ 78,047 $ 39,542 $ 76,033 $ 289,121 $ — $ 707,564 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 17 $ — $ — $ 17 Commercial Mortgage: Uncriticized $ 25,656 $ 364,635 $ 629,850 $ 317,407 $ 209,655 $ 429,008 $ — $ — $ 1,976,211 Special mention — — 4,716 17,414 6,825 17,417 — — 46,372 Substandard — — — 212 895 10,541 — — 11,648 Doubtful — 1,394 333 4,098 13 4,987 — — 10,825 Total Commercial Mortgage loans $ 25,656 $ 366,029 $ 634,899 $ 339,131 $ 217,388 $ 461,953 $ — $ — $ 2,045,056 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Revolving Total December 31, 2023 Commercial Business Uncriticized $ 111,035 $ 124,572 $ 77,079 $ 49,531 $ 21,971 $ 64,648 $ 257,585 $ — $ 706,421 Special mention 7,532 — 2,400 — 114 — 2,442 — 12,488 Substandard 1,609 11 81 — — 888 8,532 — 11,121 Doubtful — 5,097 — — 14 397 162 — 5,670 Total $ 120,176 $ 129,680 $ 79,560 $ 49,531 $ 22,099 $ 65,933 $ 268,721 $ — $ 735,700 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ 5 $ 3 $ 31 $ 8 $ 235 $ — $ — $ 282 Commercial Mortgage Uncriticized $ 350,370 $ 603,686 $ 328,916 $ 209,213 $ 151,022 $ 294,703 $ — $ — $ 1,937,910 Special mention — 494 17,136 8,982 119 11,355 — — 38,086 Substandard — 338 212 918 — 17,291 — — 18,759 Doubtful 1,397 — 4,098 14 67 4,988 — — 10,564 Total $ 351,767 $ 604,518 $ 350,362 $ 219,127 $ 151,208 $ 328,337 $ — $ — $ 2,005,319 (4.) LOANS (Continued) The Company utilizes payment status as a means of identifying and reporting problem and potential problem retail loans. The Company considers nonaccrual loans and loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest to be non-performing. The following tables set forth the Company’s retail loan portfolio, categorized by performance status, as of the dates indicated (in thousands): Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Revolving Total March 31, 2024 Residential Real Estate Loans Performing $ 8,514 $ 114,423 $ 79,271 $ 78,727 $ 107,364 $ 253,064 $ — $ — $ 641,363 Non-performing — 298 522 1,084 1,427 3,466 — — 6,797 Total Residential Real Estate Loans $ 8,514 $ 114,721 $ 79,793 $ 79,811 $ 108,791 $ 256,530 $ — $ — $ 648,160 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential Real Estate Lines Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 70,458 $ 4,975 $ 75,433 Non-performing — — — — — — 73 162 235 Total Residential Real Estate Lines $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 70,531 $ 5,137 $ 75,668 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Indirect Performing $ 54,006 $ 234,715 $ 310,666 $ 210,874 $ 68,800 $ 38,487 $ — $ — $ 917,548 Non-performing — 566 969 882 294 169 — — 2,880 Total Consumer Indirect Loans $ 54,006 $ 235,281 $ 311,635 $ 211,756 $ 69,094 $ 38,656 $ — $ — $ 920,428 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ 1,357 $ 2,245 $ 1,422 $ 504 $ 689 $ — $ — $ 6,217 Other Consumer Performing $ 1,924 $ 35,157 $ 3,489 $ 1,228 $ 751 $ 385 $ 2,200 $ — $ 45,134 Non-performing — — — — — — 36 — 36 Total Other Consumer Loans $ 1,924 $ 35,157 $ 3,489 $ 1,228 $ 751 $ 385 $ 2,236 $ — $ 45,170 Current period gross write-offs $ 93 $ 42 $ 75 $ 7 $ 16 $ 4 $ 32 $ — $ 269 (4.) LOANS (Continued) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Revolving Total December 31, 2023 Residential Real Estate Loans Performing $ 112,704 $ 80,117 $ 80,323 $ 109,601 $ 70,325 $ 190,388 $ — $ — $ 643,458 Non-performing — 384 1,190 1,354 1,137 2,299 — — 6,364 Total $ 112,704 $ 80,501 $ 81,513 $ 110,955 $ 71,462 $ 192,687 $ — $ — $ 649,822 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 32 $ 95 $ — $ — $ 127 Residential Real Estate Lines Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 72,128 $ 5,018 $ 77,146 Non-performing — — — — — — 55 166 221 Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 72,183 $ 5,184 $ 77,367 Current period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 28 $ 13 $ 41 Consumer Indirect Performing $ 247,194 $ 336,369 $ 232,891 $ 78,652 $ 31,091 $ 18,820 $ — $ — $ 945,017 Non-performing 724 1,083 1,273 380 224 130 — — 3,814 Total $ 247,918 $ 337,452 $ 234,164 $ 79,032 $ 31,315 $ 18,950 $ — $ — $ 948,831 Current period gross write-offs $ 1,371 $ 6,279 $ 5,845 $ 1,787 $ 1,282 $ 1,459 $ — $ — $ 18,023 Other Consumer Performing $ 35,483 $ 3,990 $ 1,424 $ 949 $ 217 $ 256 $ 2,747 $ — $ 45,066 Non-performing 13 — — — — — 21 — 34 Total $ 35,496 $ 3,990 $ 1,424 $ 949 $ 217 $ 256 $ 2,768 $ — $ 45,100 (4.) LOANS (Continued) Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans The following table sets forth the changes in the allowance for credit losses – loans for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): Commercial Commercial Residential Residential Consumer Other Total Three months ended March 31, 2024 Allowance for credit losses – loans: Beginning balance $ 13,102 $ 15,858 $ 5,286 $ 764 $ 14,099 $ 1,973 $ 51,082 Charge-offs ( 17 ) — ( 8 ) — ( 6,217 ) ( 269 ) ( 6,511 ) Recoveries 54 1 4 — 3,244 87 3,390 (Benefit) provision ( 148 ) ( 1,746 ) ( 652 ) 30 ( 1,272 ) ( 1,098 ) ( 4,886 ) Ending balance $ 12,991 $ 14,113 $ 4,630 $ 794 $ 9,854 $ 693 $ 43,075 Commercial Commercial Residential Residential Consumer Other Total Three months ended March 31, 2023 Allowance for credit losses – loans: Beginning balance $ 12,585 $ 14,412 $ 3,301 $ 608 $ 14,238 $ 269 $ 45,413 Charge-offs ( 27 ) — ( 63 ) ( 16 ) ( 4,620 ) ( 382 ) ( 5,108 ) Recoveries 151 2 5 — 2,782 79 3,019 Provision 202 781 970 59 1,717 475 4,204 Ending balance $ 12,911 $ 15,195 $ 4,213 $ 651 $ 14,117 $ 441 $ 47,528 (4.) LOANS (Continued) Risk Characteristics Commercial business loans primarily consist of loans to small to mid-sized businesses in our market area in a diverse range of industries. These loans are typically associated with higher credit risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. Further, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value. The credit risk related to commercial loans is largely influenced by general economic conditions, including inflation, and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any. Commercial mortgage loans generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than residential mortgage loans, potentially resulting in higher losses on an individual customer basis. Loan repayment is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, as well as on the collateral securing the loan. Economic events, including inflation, influencing the ability of the tenants to pay rent at these properties, or conditions in the real estate market could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate loans and on the value of such properties. Residential real estate loans (comprised of conventional mortgages and home equity loans) and residential real estate lines of credit (comprised of home equity lines of credit) are generally made based on the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment and other income but are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable. Credit risk for these types of loans is generally influenced by general economic conditions, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral. Consumer indirect and other consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans and home equities, particularly in the case of other consumer loans which are primarily unsecured or, in the case of some BaaS loans, secured by depreciable assets such as solar panels, and in the case of indirect consumer loans, secured by depreciable assets such as automobiles. In such cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by inflation and adverse personal circumstances such as job loss, illness or personal bankruptcy, including the heightened risk that such circumstances may arise as a result of inflation. Furthermore, the application of v arious federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans. |