Loans | ( 6 .) LOANS The Company’s loan portfolio consisted of the following at December 31 (in thousands): Principal Amount Outstanding Net Deferred Loan (Fees) Costs Loans, Net 2020 Commercial business $ 798,409 $ (4,261 ) $ 794,148 Commercial mortgage 1,256,525 (2,624 ) 1,253,901 Residential real estate loans 586,537 13,263 599,800 Residential real estate lines 86,708 3,097 89,805 Consumer indirect 812,816 27,605 840,421 Other consumer 16,913 150 17,063 Total $ 3,557,908 $ 37,230 3,595,138 Allowance for credit losses - loans (52,420 ) Total loans, net $ 3,542,718 2019 Commercial business $ 571,222 $ 818 $ 572,040 Commercial mortgage 1,108,315 (2,032 ) 1,106,283 Residential real estate loans 560,717 11,633 572,350 Residential real estate lines 101,048 3,070 104,118 Consumer indirect 822,179 27,873 850,052 Other consumer 15,984 160 16,144 Total $ 3,179,465 $ 41,522 3,220,987 Allowance for loan losses (30,482 ) Total loans, net $ 3,190,505 (6 .) LOANS (Continued) The CARES Act was passed by Congress and signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act established the PPP, an expansion of the SBA’s 7(a) loan program and the EIDL, administered directly by the SBA. The Company had $253.1 million of PPP loans, principal amount outstanding (included in Commercial business above) as of December 31, 2020. In addition, the CARES Act provides that a financial institution may elect to suspend (1) the application of GAAP for certain loan modifications related to COVID-19 that would otherwise be categorized as a TDR and (2) any determination that such loan modifications would be considered a TDR, including the related impairment for accounting purposes. Accordingly, the Company had $532.4 million of loans with modifications related to COVID-19 during 2020, with $113.0 million still on deferral as of December 31, 2020. The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of loans disclosed throughout this footnote. As of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, AIR for loans totaled $13.6 million and $9.1 million, respectively, and is included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial condition. The Company’s significant concentrations of credit risk in the loan portfolio relate to a geographic concentration in the communities that the Company serves. Certain executive officers, directors and their business interests are customers of the Company. Transactions with these parties are based on the same terms as similar transactions with unrelated third parties and do not carry more than normal credit risk. Borrowings by these related parties amounted to $32.8 million and $18.6 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During 2020, new borrowings amounted to $16.3 million (including borrowings of executive officers and directors that were outstanding at the time of their appointment), and repayments and other reductions were $2.1 million. Past Due Loans Aging The Company’s recorded investment, by loan class, in current and nonaccrual loans, as well as an analysis of accruing delinquent loans is set forth as of December 31 (in thousands): 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater Than 90 Days Total Past Due Nonaccrual Current Total Loans Nonaccrual with no allowance 2020 Commercial business $ 264 $ 87 $ - $ 351 $ 1,975 $ 796,083 $ 798,409 $ 1,502 Commercial mortgage 822 26 - 848 2,906 1,252,771 1,256,525 2,709 Residential real estate loans 984 60 - 1,044 2,587 582,906 586,537 2,587 Residential real estate lines 40 15 - 55 323 86,330 86,708 323 Consumer indirect 3,966 1,348 - 5,314 1,495 806,007 812,816 1,495 Other consumer 133 18 231 382 - 16,531 16,913 - Total loans, gross $ 6,209 $ 1,554 $ 231 $ 7,994 $ 9,286 $ 3,540,628 $ 3,557,908 $ 8,616 2019 Commercial business $ 361 $ - $ - $ 361 $ 1,177 $ 569,684 $ 571,222 Commercial mortgage 531 - - 531 3,146 1,104,638 1,108,315 Residential real estate loans 929 114 - 1,043 2,484 557,190 560,717 Residential real estate lines 231 37 - 268 102 100,678 101,048 Consumer indirect 3,729 1,019 - 4,748 1,725 815,706 822,179 Other consumer 116 8 6 130 - 15,854 15,984 Total loans, gross $ 5,897 $ 1,178 $ 6 $ 7,081 $ 8,634 $ 3,163,750 $ 3,179,465 There were no loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. There were $231 thousand and $6 thousand in consumer overdrafts which were past due greater than 90 days as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Consumer overdrafts are overdrawn deposit accounts which have been reclassified as loans but by their terms do not accrue interest. (6.) LOANS (Continued) Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recorded using the cash basis method of accounting. There was no interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, estimated interest income of $430 thousand, $508 thousand, and $294 thousand, respectively, would have been recorded if all such loans had been accruing interest according to their original contractual terms. Troubled Debt Restructurings A modification of a loan constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification constitutes a concession. Commercial loans modified in a TDR may involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, collateral concessions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance agreements, or substituting or adding a new borrower or guarantor. There were no loans modified as a TDR during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. There were no loans modified as a TDR during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 that defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2020. For purposes of this disclosure, a loan modified as a TDR is considered to have defaulted when the borrower becomes 90 days Collateral Dependent Loans Management has determined that specific commercial loans on nonaccrual status, all loans that have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring and other loans deemed appropriate by management where repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral to be collateral dependent loans. Collateral dependent loans at December 31, 2020 included certain criticized COVID-19 bridge loans not otherwise classified as nonaccrual. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by collateral type as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands): Collateral type Business assets Real property Total Specific Reserve December 31, 2020 Commercial business $ 2,379 $ — $ 2,379 $ 1,383 Commercial mortgage — 36,625 36,625 8,187 Total $ 2,379 $ 36,625 $ 39,004 $ 9,570 (6.) LOANS (Continued) Impaired Loans Prior to the adoption of ASC 326, management determined that specific commercial loans on nonaccrual status and all loans that have had their terms restructured in a troubled debt restructuring are impaired loans. The following table presents the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and related allowance of impaired loans as well as average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans at December 31, 2019 (in thousands): Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance (1) Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized 2019 With no related allowance recorded: Commercial business $ 563 $ 775 $ - $ 411 $ - Commercial mortgage 973 1,749 - 1,701 - 1,536 2,524 - 2,112 - With an allowance recorded: Commercial business 614 614 214 1,207 - Commercial mortgage 2,173 2,173 479 1,825 - 2,787 2,787 693 3,032 - $ 4,323 $ 5,311 $ 693 $ 5,144 $ - (1) Difference between recorded investment and unpaid principal balance represents partial charge-offs. Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors such as the fair value of collateral. The Company analyzes commercial business and commercial mortgage loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Risk ratings are updated any time the situation warrants. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention: Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date. Substandard: Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful: Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. (6 .) LOANS (Continued) Loans that do not meet the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the process described above are considered “uncriticized” or pass-rated loans and are included in groups of homogeneous loans with similar risk and loss characteristics. The following table sets forth the Company’s commercial loan portfolio, categorized by internally assigned asset classification, as of December 31 (in thousands): Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total December 31, 2020 Commercial Business Uncriticized $ 350,992 $ 112,469 $ 82,029 $ 31,990 $ 8,195 $ 16,600 $ 179,770 $ - $ 782,045 Special mention - 360 21 709 41 1,025 2,995 - 5,151 Substandard 193 211 1,183 464 202 309 4,390 - 6,952 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 351,185 $ 113,040 $ 83,233 $ 33,163 $ 8,438 $ 17,934 $ 187,155 $ - $ 794,148 Commercial Mortgage Uncriticized $ 310,364 $ 227,406 $ 163,839 $ 161,771 $ 74,915 $ 154,399 $ 731 $ - $ 1,093,425 Special mention 14,299 42,305 19,505 27,530 12,256 28,744 43 - 144,682 Substandard 189 2,521 1,890 1,648 3 9,344 199 - 15,794 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 324,852 $ 272,232 $ 185,234 $ 190,949 $ 87,174 $ 192,487 $ 973 $ - $ 1,253,901 (6.) LOANS (Continued) The Company utilizes payment status as a means of identifying and reporting problem and potential problem retail loans. The Company considers nonaccrual loans and loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest to be non-performing. The following table sets forth the Company’s retail loan portfolio, categorized by payment status, as of December 31 (in thousands): Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total December 31, 2020 Residential Real Estate Loans Performing $ 137,926 $ 103,923 $ 87,153 $ 66,446 $ 67,473 $ 134,292 $ - $ - $ 597,213 Nonperforming - 199 765 665 233 725 - - 2,587 Total $ 137,926 $ 104,122 $ 87,918 $ 67,111 $ 67,706 $ 135,017 $ - $ - $ 599,800 Residential Real Estate Lines Performing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 79,257 $ 10,225 $ 89,482 Nonperforming - - - - - - 65 258 323 Total $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 79,322 $ 10,483 $ 89,805 Consumer Indirect Performing $ 295,216 $ 202,187 $ 166,773 $ 111,008 $ 47,793 $ 15,949 $ - $ - $ 838,926 Nonperforming 70 652 319 287 132 35 - - 1,495 Total $ 295,286 $ 202,839 $ 167,092 $ 111,295 $ 47,925 $ 15,984 $ - $ - $ 840,421 Other Consumer Performing $ 6,774 $ 3,177 $ 1,765 $ 907 $ 369 $ 508 $ 3,563 $ - $ 17,063 Nonperforming - - - - - - - - - Total $ 6,774 $ 3,177 $ 1,765 $ 907 $ 369 $ 508 $ 3,563 $ - $ 17,063 (6.) LOANS (Continued) Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans The following tables set forth the changes in the allowance for credit losses - loans for the years ended December 31 (in thousands): Commercial Business Commercial Mortgage Residential Real Estate Loans Residential Real Estate Lines Consumer Indirect Other Consumer Total 2020 Allowance for credit losses - loans: Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASC 326 $ 11,358 $ 5,681 $ 1,059 $ 118 $ 11,852 $ 414 $ 30,482 Impact of adopting ASC 326 (246 ) 7,310 3,290 607 (1,234 ) (133 ) $ 9,594 Beginning balance, after adoption of ASC 326 11,112 12,991 4,349 725 10,618 281 40,076 Charge-offs (9,093 ) (1,792 ) (100 ) - (9,959 ) (681 ) (21,625 ) Recoveries 1,709 37 28 3 5,681 352 7,810 Provision (credit) 9,852 10,527 (353 ) (54 ) 5,825 362 26,159 Ending balance $ 13,580 $ 21,763 $ 3,924 $ 674 $ 12,165 $ 314 $ 52,420 2019 Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 14,312 $ 5,219 $ 1,112 $ 210 $ 12,572 $ 489 $ 33,914 Charge-offs (2,481 ) (2,997 ) (340 ) (13 ) (10,810 ) (1,170 ) (17,811 ) Recoveries 492 17 43 6 5,390 387 6,335 Provision (credit) (965 ) 3,442 244 (85 ) 4,700 708 8,044 Ending balance $ 11,358 $ 5,681 $ 1,059 $ 118 $ 11,852 $ 414 $ 30,482 Evaluated for impairment: Individually $ 214 $ 479 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 693 Collectively $ 11,144 $ 5,202 $ 1,059 $ 118 $ 11,852 $ 414 $ 29,789 Loans: Ending balance $ 571,222 $ 1,108,315 $ 560,717 $ 101,048 $ 822,179 $ 15,984 $ 3,179,465 Evaluated for impairment: Individually $ 1,177 $ 3,146 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4,323 Collectively $ 570,045 $ 1,105,169 $ 560,717 $ 101,048 $ 822,179 $ 15,984 $ 3,175,142 (6.) LOANS (Continued) Commercial Business Commercial Mortgage Residential Mortgage Home Equity Consumer Indirect Other Consumer Total 2018 Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance $ 15,668 $ 3,696 $ 1,322 $ 180 $ 13,415 $ 391 34,672 Charge-offs (2,319 ) (1,020 ) (95 ) (142 ) (10,850 ) (1,308 ) (15,734 ) Recoveries 509 13 159 20 5,024 317 6,042 Provision 454 2,530 (274 ) 152 4,983 1,089 8,934 Ending balance $ 14,312 $ 5,219 $ 1,112 $ 210 $ 12,572 $ 489 $ 33,914 Evaluated for impairment: Individually $ 205 $ 1 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 206 Collectively $ 14,107 $ 5,218 $ 1,112 $ 210 $ 12,572 $ 489 $ 33,708 Loans: Ending balance $ 557,040 $ 960,265 $ 514,981 $ 106,712 $ 888,732 $ 16,590 $ 3,044,320 Evaluated for impairment: Individually $ 1,044 $ 2,034 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 3,078 Collectively $ 555,996 $ 958,231 $ 514,981 $ 106,712 $ 888,732 $ 16,590 $ 3,041,242 Risk Characteristics Commercial business loans primarily consist of loans to small to mid-sized businesses in our market area in a diverse range of industries. These loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. Further, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value. The credit risk related to commercial loans is largely influenced by general economic conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on small to mid-sized business in our market area, and the resulting impact on a borrower’s operations or on the value of underlying collateral, if any. Commercial mortgage loans generally have larger balances and involve a greater degree of risk than residential mortgage loans, potentially resulting in higher potential losses on an individual customer basis. Loan repayment is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the properties, as well as on the collateral securing the loan. Economic events, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of the tenants to pay rent at these properties, or conditions in the real estate market could have an adverse impact on the cash flows generated by properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate loans and on the value of such properties. Residential real estate loans (comprised of conventional mortgages and home equity loans) and residential real estate lines (comprised of home equity lines) are generally made based on the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment and other income but are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable. Credit risk for these types of loans is generally influenced by general economic conditions, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the employment income of these borrowers, the characteristics of individual borrowers, and the nature of the loan collateral. Consumer indirect and other consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans and home equities, particularly in the case of other consumer loans which are unsecured or, in the case of indirect consumer loans, secured by depreciable assets, such as automobiles. In such cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances such as job loss, illness or personal bankruptcy, including the heightened risk that such circumstances may arise as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans. |