Basis of Presentation | 3 Months Ended |
Aug. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | ' |
Organization, Consolidation, Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block] | ' |
Basis of Presentation |
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Principles of consolidation |
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The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Scholastic Corporation (the “Corporation”) and all wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively, “Scholastic” or the “Company”). Intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation. These financial statements have not been audited but reflect those adjustments consisting of normal recurring items that management considers necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended May 31, 2014 (the “Annual Report”). |
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The Company’s fiscal year is not a calendar year. Accordingly, references in this document to fiscal 2014 relate to the twelve-month period ended May 31, 2014. |
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Seasonality |
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The Company’s Children’s Book Publishing and Distribution school-based book fair and book club channels and most of its magazines operate on a school-year basis; therefore, the Company’s business is highly seasonal. As a result, the Company’s revenues in the first and third quarters of the fiscal year generally are lower than its revenues in the other two fiscal quarters. Typically these school-based channel revenues are greatest in the second and fourth quarters of the fiscal year, while revenues from the sale of instructional materials and educational technology products and services are highest in the first and fourth quarters. Trade sales can vary through the year due to varying release dates of published titles. The Company generally experiences a loss from operations in the first and third quarters of each fiscal year. |
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Use of estimates |
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The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. The preparation of these financial statements involves the use of estimates and assumptions by management, which affects the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, current business factors, and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, all of which are necessary in order to form a basis for determining the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates the adequacy of its reserves and the estimates used in calculations, including, but not limited to: |
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• | Accounts receivable, returns and allowances |
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• | Pension and post-retirement obligations |
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• | Uncertain tax positions |
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• | Inventory reserves |
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• | Gross profits for book fair operations during interim periods |
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• | Sales taxes |
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• | Royalty advance reserves |
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• | Customer reward programs |
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• | Impairment testing for goodwill for assessment and measurement, intangibles and other long-lived assets and investments. |
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Restricted Cash |
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The condensed consolidated balance sheets include restricted cash of $0.2, $0.3 and $0.2 at August 31, 2014, May 31, 2014 and August 31, 2013, respectively, which is reported in “Other current assets.” |
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New Accounting Pronouncements |
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In June 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued an update to the authoritative guidance related to stock compensation to resolve diverse accounting treatments of awards linked to performance targets and how to account for share-based payment awards that require a specific performance target to be achieved for employees to become eligible to vest in the awards. |
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The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting, and that could be achieved after the requisite service period, be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. The performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the periods for which the service has already been rendered. If it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved before the end of the requisite service period, the remaining unrecognized compensation cost should be recognized prospectively over the remaining requisite service period. The total amount of compensation should reflect the number of awards that are expected to vest and should be adjusted to reflect those awards that ultimately vest. The requisite service period ends when the employee can cease rendering service and still be eligible to vest in the award if the performance target is achieved. |
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The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that this update will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. |
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In May 2014, the FASB announced that it is amending the FASB Accounting Standards Codification by issuing Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, at the same time as the International Accounting Standards Board (the "IASB") is issuing International Financial Reporting Standards 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The issuance of this authoritative guidance completes the joint effort by the FASB and the IASB to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and improve financial reporting by creating common revenue recognition guidance. |
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The authoritative guidance provides that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. |
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To achieve that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: |
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• | Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer. |
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• | Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract. |
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• | Step 3: Determine the transaction price. |
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• | Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract. |
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• | Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. |
Additionally, the guidance requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. The update provides guidance for transactions that are not otherwise addressed comprehensively in authoritative guidance (for example, service revenue, contract modifications, and licenses of intellectual property). The amendments in this update are to be applied on a retrospective basis, utilizing one of two different methodologies. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is not permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. |