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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration Statement No. 333-132594
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 3, 2006
This prospectus supplement relates to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, but is not complete and may be changed. This prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT TO PROSPECTUS DATED MARCH 30, 2006
12,500,000 Shares
![GRAPHIC](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g641886.jpg)
Common Stock
We are selling 12,500,000 shares of common stock.
Our common stock is traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol "RTK." The closing price of our common stock on the American Stock Exchange on March 30, 2006 was $4.18 per share.
The underwriters have an option to purchase a maximum of 1,875,000 additional shares solely to cover over-allotments of shares. If the number of shares of common stock that we are offering increases or decreases, as described below, the underwriters' over-allotment option also will be proportionately increased or decreased.
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2013, or convertible notes, in a public offering. In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock and the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering. The consummation of this offering is conditioned upon the concurrent consummation of the offering of the convertible notes andvice versa. The consummation of our acquisition of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc. is not a condition to the consummation of this offering or the offering of the convertible notes.
Investing in our common stock involves risks. See "Risk Factors" on page S-13.
| | Price to Public
| | Underwriting Discounts and Commissions
| | Proceeds to Rentech
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Per Share | | $ | | $ | | $ |
Total | | $ | | $ | | $ |
Delivery of the shares will be made on or about April , 2006.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these shares or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Credit Suisse
Canaccord Adams
The date of this prospectus supplement is April , 2006.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus Supplement
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT | | S-ii |
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | | S-ii |
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA | | S-ii |
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY | | S-1 |
RISK FACTORS | | S-13 |
USE OF PROCEEDS | | S-28 |
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY | | S-30 |
CAPITALIZATION | | S-31 |
DILUTION | | S-33 |
UNAUDITED CONDENSED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | | S-34 |
BUSINESS | | S-42 |
MANAGEMENT | | S-61 |
DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS | | S-65 |
CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS | | S-68 |
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK | | S-71 |
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK | | S-73 |
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS | | S-75 |
UNDERWRITING | | S-78 |
NOTICE TO CANADIAN RESIDENTS | | S-81 |
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE | | S-83 |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RENTECH | | S-84 |
LEGAL MATTERS | | S-84 |
Prospectus
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS | | 1 |
RENTECH, INC. | | 2 |
RISK FACTORS | | 2 |
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | | 3 |
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES | | 3 |
USE OF PROCEEDS | | 3 |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | | 4 |
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES | | 6 |
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS | | 15 |
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK | | 16 |
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK | | 17 |
DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES | | 19 |
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS | | 20 |
LEGAL MATTERS | | 23 |
INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL | | 23 |
EXPERTS | | 23 |
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RENTECH | | 23 |
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE | | 24 |
You should rely only on the information contained in this document or to which we have referred you. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. This document may only be used where it is legal to sell these securities. The information in this document may only be accurate on the date of this document.
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document consists of two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which describes more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. You should read both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, together with the additional information described below under the headings "Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference" and "Where You Can Find More Information About Rentech."
If the description of the offering varies between this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.
Any statement made in this prospectus supplement or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus supplement or in any other subsequently filed document that is also incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement modifies or supersedes that statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement. See "Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference."
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements made in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein that are not historical factual statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements may relate to financial results and plans for future business activities, and are thus prospective. The forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. They can be identified by the use of terminology such as "may," "will," "expect," "believe," "intend," "plan," "estimate," "anticipate," "should" and other comparable terms or the negative of them. You are cautioned that, while forward- looking statements reflect our good faith belief and best judgment based upon current information, they are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect our results include, but are not limited to, those described under the heading "Risk Factors" in this prospectus supplement. Any and all forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and thus are current only as of the date made.
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
The market, industry or similar data presented or incorporated by reference herein are based upon estimates by our management, using various third party sources where available. While our management believes that such estimates are reasonable and reliable, in certain cases such estimates cannot be verified by information available from independent sources. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding any market, industry or similar data presented herein, such data involves risks and uncertainties and is subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in this prospectus supplement.
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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. Because this is only a summary, it does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in the securities offered hereby. You should carefully read the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference, including "Risk Factors" beginning on page S-13 of this prospectus supplement, before deciding to invest in our securities. Unless otherwise indicated, financial information included in this prospectus supplement is presented on an historical basis and assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment options related to this offering or the concurrent offering of convertible notes. As used in this prospectus supplement, unless we indicate otherwise or the context otherwise requires (such as with respect to the securities offered hereby), the terms "our," "we," "us," "Rentech," "the Company" and similar terms refer to Rentech, Inc. and our subsidiaries.
Our Company
We were incorporated in 1981 to develop technologies that transform under-utilized energy resources into valuable and clean alternative fuels, chemicals and power. We have developed an advanced derivative of the well-established Fischer-Tropsch, or FT, process for manufacturing diesel fuel and other fuel products. The FT process was originally developed in Germany in the 1920s. Our proprietary application of the FT process, which we refer to as the Rentech Process, efficiently converts synthetic gas, referred to as syngas, derived from coal, petroleum coke or natural gas into liquid hydrocarbon products, including ultra high-quality diesel fuel and other fuel products.
Both the Rentech Process and the fuels it produces carry unique and differentiating characteristics which we believe will facilitate economic deployment of the Rentech Process in large scale commercial projects. First, since our process is able to utilize solids such as coal as a principal feedstock, we are able to take advantage of the relative stability of coal prices compared to other hydrocarbon-based feedstocks such as natural gas. Second, because the fuels derived from our proprietary process have a long shelf life and can be manufactured using domestic resources, they effectively address national security priorities framed by foreign control of oil reserves and limited domestic refining capacity. And third, because fuel produced by the Rentech Process is a clean-burning fuel which exceeds all current and promulgated environmental rules applicable to diesel engines and requires no new distribution infrastructure, we believe there are no restrictions on immediate and widespread adoption of FT fuels.
Our business historically has focused on the research and development of the Rentech Process and its licensing to third parties. During 2004, we decided to directly deploy our technology in select domestic projects in order to demonstrate commercial operation of the Rentech Process. We are planning initially to implement this strategy by purchasing Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc., which owns an operating natural gas-fed nitrogen fertilizer facility in East Dubuque, Illinois. The acquisition will allow us to commercially deploy the Rentech Process on an accelerated basis by using the existing infrastructure and systems of the facility. We intend to continue to operate the facility for the production of nitrogen fertilizer products while we execute a phased conversion to a commercial scale FT fuel production facility. In Phase 1 of the conversion, we intend to add a commercially available clean coal gasification module that converts coal into syngas for use in fertilizer production and to add a power plant generating energy from the excess steam produced in the coal gasification process. The converted facility is expected to be capable of producing enough power to meet all of its needs and to provide excess power for sale to the local grid. During Phase 1A of the conversion, we plan to add the Rentech Process to produce liquid hydrocarbon products, such as diesel and jet fuels, from the excess syngas produced from the coal gasification process. By converting the East Dubuque facility in this manner, we believe we can significantly enhance its profitability. We refer to the integration of the Rentech Process with the production of nitrogen fertilizer products and power as "polygeneration." We presently anticipate that Phases 1 and 1A of the conversion will cost approximately $750 million
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(including approximately $250 million of interest during construction, potential debt reserve requirements and other expenses) and approximately $60 million, respectively.
We intend to follow the conversion of the East Dubuque facility with other projects focusing on FT production and polygeneration opportunities involving small to medium sized facilities with a production capacity of up to 50,000 barrels of fuel per day. As part of this strategy, we are currently in the development stages for a project in Mississippi that would involve the construction of an FT facility on undeveloped land situated along the Mississippi River at the Port of Natchez. The site is located within the federally designated Hurricane Katrina Gulf opportunity "GO Zone." In addition to the East Dubuque and Natchez projects, we are pursuing opportunities with major coal mining companies to site and build FT facilities located at coal mines.
Business Strategy
Our strategic objective is to establish the Rentech Process as the standard technological platform for coal-to-liquids production. Key elements of our strategy include:
Accelerate deployment of the Rentech Process by using existing infrastructure. By using the infrastructure already in place at the East Dubuque facility, we believe we can produce an FT facility that utilizes the Rentech Process in less time than would be required if we constructed an entirely new facility to manufacture a similar type and quantity of products. We believe the enhanced speed to market will provide an opportunity for us to set the standards for manufactured fuels to be used by end users. We also believe the project will enable us to establish our technology as an accepted and financeable platform for future facilities. Acquiring and converting the East Dubuque facility also will allow us to generate immediate revenues and cash flows by continuing operations while its reconfiguration is underway.
Strategically build projects in the United States utilizing the Rentech Process. We intend to develop greenfield projects, which involve no existing infrastructure or process plant, where the design is both replicable and scalable. In addition to the East Dubuque and Natchez projects, we plan to focus on greenfield projects located at coal mines. We believe we will be able to leverage the engineering, design and construction associated with each facility, thereby reducing the required capital and technical resources for each subsequent project. We will target projects where the scale-up opportunities are such that, over time, we can achieve production capacity of up to 50,000 barrels per day of FT fuels. While our technology would enable us to pursue larger projects, we believe that small to medium sized projects require less capital and development time.
Extend the reach of Rentech technology through licensing. We plan to continue to market the licensing of our technology for coal and other carbon bearing feedstock to enhance the deployment and acceptance of our technology. We believe that our successful commercialization of the Rentech Process will enhance our licensing opportunities, resulting in additional revenue streams.
Continue investment in our research and development program. We intend to continue to invest in advancing our technology. Our product development unit, currently being developed on a site we own in Commerce City, Colorado, will serve as a platform to allow us to remain a leader in alternative fuels technology. We are preparing to build and operate on the site what we believe will be the United States' first fully integrated Fischer-Tropsch, coal-to-liquids, product development unit research facility.
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Our Proprietary Rentech Process
Our proprietary Rentech Process is a significant enhancement of the Fischer-Tropsch technology originally developed in Germany in the 1920s. Prior to the application of the Rentech Process, hydrocarbon feedstocks are reformed by various commercially available processes into syngas. The syngas is then converted through the Rentech Process into differentiated liquid hydrocarbon products in a reactor vessel containing Rentech's patented and proprietary catalyst, and then upgraded with commercially available refining processes. We believe the ability of the Rentech Process to efficiently utilize a broad range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, including coal and other lower priced feedstocks, distinguishes it from competing technologies.
We also believe the successful integration of the Rentech Process into the East Dubuque facility will enable us to more cost efficiently produce nitrogen fertilizer products at the facility, while also producing transportation fuels and power. In addition, we believe that the operating cost savings we expect to achieve following the conversion of the facility to use coal as feedstock rather than more expensive natural gas, as well as the enhanced revenue opportunities from the production of diesel fuels and power, will permit us to earn an attractive return on the capital costs of the conversion.
The diagram below provides an overview of production of nitrogen fertilizer products, transportation fuels and power with the Rentech Process.
![GRAPHIC](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g310383.jpg)
The Rentech Process can be used with fossil fuels like coal, petroleum coke and natural gas. In addition to coal-to-liquids markets, other potential markets for the Rentech Process include unused natural gas supplies associated with producing crude oil fields that are presently being flared, re-injected into the reservoir or merely left in the ground due to the lack of economic or practical means to transport these resources to market. Our technology could also enable refineries to more fully utilize heavier crude oil in addition to petroleum coke to produce an improved slate of higher-value products. Potential benefits to the refiner include lower refinery feedstock costs, higher revenue and a reduction in waste disposal costs leading to increased margins.
Use of the Rentech Process in a Fischer-Tropsch facility was successfully demonstrated in 1992 and 1993 at the Synhytech facility located at Pueblo, Colorado. The Synhytech facility was designed to produce up to 235 barrels of liquid hydrocarbons per day. Our licensee, Fuel Resources Development Company, or Fuelco, had full control of the supply of syngas and the construction and operation of the facility. We designed the Fischer-Tropsch reactors and provided our catalyst for use in the FT reactors. The facility was constructed at a municipal landfill, with the intent of using, at minimal cost, the methane in the landfill gas that was generated from the decomposition of the landfill material. Although the Rentech Process performed as expected to produce liquid hydrocarbons, Fuelco determined that the volume and the energy content of the landfill gas it captured were inadequate to operate the facility on an economic basis, and thus ceased operation of the facility.
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Competitive Strengths
Advanced Fischer-Tropsch Technology. We believe the ability of the Rentech Process to efficiently utilize a broad range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, including coal and other lower priced feedstocks, distinguishes it from other FT technologies. Other key aspects of our technology are our patented and proprietary catalyst, reactor design and the overall configuration of the process. We believe our iron catalyst is a superior FT technology as it requires lower capital costs for the conversion of solids and reduces operating costs compared to cobalt-based catalysts.
Abundant Low Cost Coal Reserves. We believe that we have a competitive advantage because the Rentech Process uses abundantly available coal as feedstock. In the United States, there are vast deposits of coal (approximately 500 billion tons of proven reserves), which represent approximately 97% of the domestic fossil energy reserves on an energy equivalent basis according to the United States Department of Energy. The United States produces more than one-fifth of the world's coal and is the second largest coal producer in the world, exceeded only by China. In 2004, total coal production in the United States as estimated by the United States Department of Energy was 1.1 billion tons. Due to the extensive supply, coal prices have been historically stable compared to prices for oil and natural gas in the United States, which reached record levels in 2005.
Significant Growth Potential for Clean Fuels. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, or the CAAA, established several programs in order to improve air quality by, among other things, imposing restrictions on the emissions of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere. As a means to address common sources of air pollution such as automobiles, trucks and electric power plants, the CAAA encourages the development and sale of alternative fuels as the United States attempts to meet national air quality standards. In addition, beginning in 2006, the United States Environmental Protection Agency will start to phase-in a program to reduce the permissible sulfur content in highway diesel fuel from 500 parts per million to 15 parts per million. Furthermore, California has promulgated state-specific standards to reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuel. FT diesel fuel produced using the Rentech Process is a low-sulfur, clean-burning fuel, and should therefore be attractive to users.
Proven Coal Gasification Technology. Gasification offers the cleanest, most efficient method available to produce syngas from feedstocks such as coal, petroleum coke, high sulfur fuel oil or materials that would otherwise be disposed as waste. Gasification has been in commercial use for more than fifty years as a process technology for the refining, chemical and power industries. Over the ten year period between 1990 and 1999 world gasification capacity grew by 50%, with forty-three new facilities coming on line. Coal and petroleum-based materials provide the vast majority of feedstocks for world gasification capacity, making up 80% of the capacity added between 1990 and 1999.
Strong Government Support. In 2000, Congress designated liquid fuels from domestic coal and natural gas as an "alternative fuel" under the Energy Policy Act of 1992. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 set the stage for incentives under the Highway Reauthorization and Excise Tax Simplification Act of 2005, which provides a $0.50 per gallon fuel excise tax credit for FT fuels from coal. The Energy Policy Act of 2005, or the EPACT 2005, also provides for a 20% tax credit for qualifying gasification projects and authorizes grants for gasification and gasification coproduction. In addition, EPACT 2005 authorizes comprehensive loan guarantees up to 80% of the project cost for deployment and commercialization of innovative technologies. We anticipate that our proposed projects may qualify for us to receive grants, loan guarantees and other incentives under EPACT 2005.
Experienced Management. We have assembled a team of professionals with over 100 years of experience in the industry. Our Chief Executive Officer, D. Hunt Ramsbottom, has 25 years of experience operating growth stage companies. Our Chief Operating Officer, Douglas M. Miller, has over 20 years of experience in the energy industry, most recently as a senior executive with Unocal Corporation.
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Acquisition of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc.
Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc., or RCN, owns and operates a nitrogen manufacturing facility located in East Dubuque, Illinois. The facility has the capacity to produce approximately 830 tons of ammonia per day. On November 5, 2005, we entered into a definitive stock purchase agreement with Royster-Clark, Inc., or Royster-Clark, for the purchase of all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of RCN. Under the terms of the agreement, subject to obtaining sufficient financing and the approval of our shareholders and other customary conditions, we will pay $50 million for the stock of RCN, plus an amount equal to RCN's closing net working capital as defined in the agreement.
The East Dubuque facility is designed to produce anhydrous ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium nitrate solution, liquid and granular urea, nitrogen solutions (urea ammonium nitrate solution, or UAN) and carbon dioxide using natural gas as a feedstock. Sales of anhydrous ammonia and UAN make up over 80% of the facility's total revenues. Following our acquisition of RCN, we expect to sell all of the facility's products other than carbon dioxide pursuant to a long-term distribution agreement with Royster-Clark, which will then primarily sell them to wholesale and retail agricultural customers. Carbon dioxide will continue to be sold to third parties on a contract basis. In 2005, final products shipped from the facility totaled approximately 365,000 tons of ammonia and upgraded nitrogen products and approximately 86,000 tons of carbon dioxide. After we have converted the facility to use coal as feedstock, it is expected to be able to produce approximately 526,000 and 110,000 tons of ammonia and upgraded nitrogen products and carbon dioxide per year, respectively.
Prior to our conversion of the East Dubuque facility to use coal as a feedstock, the principal feedstock will continue to be natural gas. We will purchase natural gas for use in the facility in the spot market, through the use of forward purchase contracts, or a combination of both. Forward purchase contracts will be used to lock in pricing for a portion of the facility's natural gas requirements. These forward purchase contracts will generally be either fixed-price or index-priced, short term in nature and for a fixed supply quantity. The East Dubuque facility is able to purchase natural gas at competitive prices due to its connection to the Northern Illinois Gas Company, or NICOR, distribution system and its proximity to the Northern Natural Gas pipeline. Natural gas purchases used in production were approximately 8.7 billion cubic feet in 2005. After completion of Phase 1, the East Dubuque facility is expected to purchase approximately 1,560 tons of coal per day on a fixed contract basis.
Sources and Uses of Funds
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with net proceeds from our concurrent offering of convertible notes, to consummate the acquisition of RCN, to fund its working capital, to pay related fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes. The estimated sources and uses of funds are shown in the table below.
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Sources
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(thousands)
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Revolving facility(1)(2) | | $ | — | | Purchase of RCN capital stock(2) | | $ | 50,000 |
Convertible notes(3) | | | 50,000 | | RCN net working capital acquired(2) | | | 20,500 |
Common stock offered hereby(3) | | | 52,250 | | General corporate purposes(2)(3) | | | 24,080 |
| | | | | Estimated fees and expenses | | | 7,670 |
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| | | |
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Total Sources | | $ | 102,250 | | Total Uses | | $ | 102,250 |
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- (1)
- In connection with our acquisition of RCN, we expect RCN to enter into a revolving working capital facility providing for up to $30 million in borrowing availability. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Revolving Facility."
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- (2)
- Pursuant to our stock purchase agreement with Royster-Clark, the purchase price for RCN is equal to $50 million plus the amount of RCN's closing net working capital, as defined in the agreement. Our estimate of RCN's net working capital reflected in the table is subject to change at the time of the closing of the acquisition. To the extent that RCN's net working capital at the closing of the acquisition is lower than the amount shown in the table, the amount available for general corporate purposes would increase by a like amount. To the extent that RCN's net working capital at closing is higher than the amount shown in the table, the amount available for general corporate purposes would decrease by a like amount. Depending on the actual level of working capital and expected working capital needs post-closing, we may elect to partially draw on the revolving facility. In the event of such a drawing, the amounts reflected in the table for the revolving facility and general corporate purposes and/or RCN net working capital acquired would correspondingly increase.
- (3)
- Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2013 in a public offering. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes." In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock or the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering. Any increase or decrease in the aggregate net proceeds raised from this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes will change the net proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
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The Offering
We provide the following summary solely for your convenience. This summary is not a complete description of this offering. You should read the full text and more specific details contained elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and any other offering material. For a more detailed description of our common stock, see the section entitled "Description of Common Stock" in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein.
Common Stock Offered by Rentech | | 12,500,000 shares |
Common Stock to be Outstanding after the Offering | | 132,095,584 shares |
Use of Proceeds | | We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with the net proceeds of the concurrent offering of our convertible notes, to finance the purchase of RCN, to fund working capital at RCN, and for general corporate purposes, which may include some of the initial development costs for the conversion of the East Dubuque facility to use coal as a feedstock. |
Risk Factors | | See "Risk Factors" and other information included in this prospectus supplement for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our securities. |
American Stock Exchange Symbol | | "RTK" |
Overallotment Option | | 1,875,000 shares of common stock to be offered by us if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. |
Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes | | Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2013 in a public offering. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes." In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock or the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering. The consummation of this offering is conditioned upon the concurrent consummation of the offering of the convertible notes andvice versa. The consummation of our acquisition of RCN is not a condition to the consummation of this offering or the offering of the convertible notes. |
The number of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on our shares outstanding as of March 30, 2006 and assumes that the underwriters' over-allotment options are not
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exercised. The number of shares to be outstanding after this offering excludes (in each case, at March 30, 2006):
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- 16,494,582 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, warrants and upon the vesting of unvested restricted stock units;
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- 1,480,000 shares of common stock reserved for stock options and restricted stock units which have been granted subject to shareholder approval of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan;
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- 2,287,666 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes; and
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- shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon conversion of the convertible notes we are offering in the concurrent offering.
Risk Factors
See "Risk Factors" immediately following this summary for a discussion of certain risks relating to an investment in our securities.
Additional Information
Rentech is a Colorado corporation. Our executive offices are located at 1331 17th Street, Suite 720, Denver, Colorado 80202. Our telephone number is (303) 298-8008. We maintain a website at www.rentechinc.com. Information contained on our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement and is not incorporated by reference herein.
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Summary Historical and Pro Forma Condensed Financial Data
The following tables set forth certain summary historical and pro forma condensed financial and other data of Rentech and RCN as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The historical data for Rentech as of and for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2003, 2004 and 2005 have been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of Rentech which, in the case of the audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003 and as of and for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2004 and 2005, are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The historical data for Rentech as of and for the three months ended December 31, 2004 and as of and for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005 have been derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Rentech which, in the case unaudited consolidated financial statements for the three months ended December 31, 2004 and as of and for the three months ended December 31, 2005, are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The historical data for Rentech for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005 was derived by subtracting the three months ended December 31, 2004 from the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 and then adding the three months ended December 31, 2005 to the result. In the opinion of our management, our unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the information set forth therein. Our results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
The historical data for RCN for its fiscal years ended December 31, 2003 (Predecessor) and December 31, 2004 (Predecessor), for its 202-day period from January 1, 2005 through July 21, 2005 (Predecessor), and for its 163-day period from July 22, 2005 through December 31, 2005 (Successor), and as of December 31, 2004 (Predecessor) and December 31, 2005 (Successor), have been derived from the audited financial statements of RCN, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. As a result of certain transactions consummated on July 22, 2005, the financial statements including and after July 22, 2005 are not comparable to those prior to that date. See Note 1 to the audited financial statements of RCN, incorporated herein by reference.
The pro forma condensed combined data for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 and as of and for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 and our unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2005 and give effect to the offering of the common stock offered hereby and the concurrent offering of our convertible notes, and the application of the net proceeds therefrom to consummate the acquisition of RCN, in each case as if such transactions occurred as of October 1, 2004, in the case of the statement of operations data, and as of December 31, 2005, in the case of the other data. The pro forma combined data do not purport to represent what our actual results of operation or financial position would have been had the transactions occurred on such dates.
The following tables should be read in conjunction with the audited, unaudited and pro forma combined financial statements, including the related notes, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2005 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2005 and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of RCN" in our definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006, in each case incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
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Rentech, Inc.
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| | Three Months Ended December 31,
| |
| |
---|
| | Year Ended September 30,
| | Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | 2003
| | 2004
| | 2005
| | 2004
| | 2005
| |
---|
| |
| |
| |
| | (unaudited)
| | (unaudited)
| |
---|
| | (thousands, except per share amounts)
| |
---|
Statement of Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 4,496 | | $ | 5,706 | | $ | 7,186 | | $ | 1,770 | | $ | 1,922 | | $ | 7,338 | |
Cost of sales | | | 2,940 | | | 4,036 | | | 5,213 | | | 1,415 | | | 1,313 | | | 5,111 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Gross profit | | | 1,556 | | | 1,670 | | | 1,973 | | | 355 | | | 609 | | | 2,227 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General and administrative expenses(a)(b) | | | 5,825 | | | 5,269 | | | 11,601 | | | 1,294 | | | 4,803 | | | 15,110 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 740 | | | 447 | | | 436 | | | 105 | | | 134 | | | 464 | |
| Research and development | | | 747 | | | 749 | | | 496 | | | 168 | | | 1,280 | | | 1,608 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total operating expenses | | | 7,312 | | | 6,465 | | | 12,533 | | | 1,567 | | | 6,217 | | | 17,182 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Operating loss | | | (5,756 | ) | | (4,795 | ) | | (10,560 | ) | | (1,212 | ) | | (5,608 | ) | | (14,955 | ) |
Non-operating items | | | 3,056 | | | 1,698 | | | 3,748 | | | 850 | | | 21 | | | 2,919 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net loss from continuing operations before taxes | | | (8,812 | ) | | (6,493 | ) | | (14,308 | ) | | (2,062 | ) | | (5,629 | ) | | (17,874 | ) |
Income tax expense | | | — | | | — | | | (61 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (61 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net loss from continuing operations | | | (8,812 | ) | | (6,493 | ) | | (14,369 | ) | | (2,062 | ) | | (5,629 | ) | | (17,935 | ) |
Deemed dividend related to beneficial conversion feature and warrants | | | — | | | — | | | (9,000 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (9,000 | ) |
| Cash dividends paid to preferred stockholders | | | — | | | — | | | (341 | ) | | — | | | (74 | ) | | (416 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders | | $ | (8,812 | ) | $ | (6,493 | ) | $ | (23,711 | ) | $ | (2,062 | ) | $ | (5,703 | ) | $ | (27,351 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Basic and diluted loss from continuing operations per common share, including dividends | | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.26 | ) | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.24 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | | | 73,907 | | | 85,933 | | | 92,919 | | | 90,027 | | | 113,474 | | | 113,474 | |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 316 | | $ | 255 | | $ | 24,721 | | $ | 1,313 | | $ | 29,480 | | $ | 29,480 | |
Working capital | | | (1,572 | ) | | (1,081 | ) | | 32,031 | | | (2,690 | ) | | 27,470 | | | 27,470 | |
Total assets | | | 11,187 | | | 9,379 | | | 43,492 | | | 11,829 | | | 41,385 | | | 41,385 | |
Total debt | | | 5,436 | | | 4,263 | | | 5,548 | | | 6,351 | | | 3,732 | (c) | | 3,732 | (c) |
Total stockholders' equity | | | 3,027 | | | 3,038 | | | 34,271 | | | 2,937 | | | 35,021 | | | 35,021 | |
- (a)
- During fiscal 2005, we incurred a number of expenses that were non-recurring in nature. In the second quarter of fiscal 2005, our general and administrative expense included $2.9 million of one-time write-offs of expenses directly related to our abandonment of the initial proposed acquisition of RCN. In addition, we accrued $1.6 million of salary expense related to the retirement packages issued to our former chief executive officer and chief operating officer in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
- (b)
- In the first quarter of fiscal 2006, we adopted a revision to Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment," or SFAS 123(R). SFAS 123(R) requires the recognition of compensation expense in the amount equal to the fair value of share-based payments granted to employees. We recorded $2.5 million of compensation expense related to this revision during the period.
- (c)
- Net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $394,000.
S-10
Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc.
| | Predecessor
| |
| |
---|
| | Year Ended December 31,
| |
| | Successor
| |
---|
| | 202-Day Period Ended July 21, 2005
| | 163-Day Period Ended December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | 2003
| | 2004
| |
---|
| | (thousands)
| |
---|
Statement of Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 76,651 | | $ | 102,630 | | $ | 58,302 | | $ | 54,305 | |
Cost of sales | | | 78,933 | | | 95,310 | | | 53,618 | | | 58,294 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Gross profit (loss) | | | (2,282 | ) | | 7,320 | | | 4,684 | | | (3,989 | ) |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 1,788 | | | 1,775 | | | 908 | | | 573 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Operating income (loss) | | | (4,070 | ) | | 5,545 | | | 3,776 | | | (4,562 | ) |
Non-operating items | | | 5,402 | | | 5,120 | | | 2,974 | | | 3,094 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net income (loss) before taxes | | | (9,472 | ) | | 425 | | | 802 | | | (7,656 | ) |
Income tax expense | | | 13,549 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | (23,021 | ) | $ | 425 | | $ | 802 | | $ | (7,656 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | $ | 27 | | | | | $ | 16 | |
Working capital | | | | | | 2,913 | | | | | | 18,614 | |
Total assets | | | | | | 35,205 | | | | | | 79,150 | |
Total debt | | | | | | 58,765 | | | | | | 67,126 | |
Total stockholders' equity | | | | | | (26,743 | ) | | | | | 9,657 | |
S-11
Pro Forma Combined(a)
(unaudited)
| | 12 Months Ended September 30, 2005
| | 3 Months Ended December 31, 2005
| | 12 Months Ended December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | (unaudited) (thousands, except per share amounts)
| |
---|
Statement of Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 105,209 | | $ | 43,994 | | $ | 127,097 | |
Cost of sales | | | 88,734 | | | 43,566 | | | 115,583 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Gross profit | | | 16,475 | | | 428 | | | 11,514 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | |
| General and administrative expenses | | | 13,596 | | | 5,003 | | | 16,591 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 436 | | | 134 | | | 464 | |
| Research and development | | | 496 | | | 1,280 | | | 1,608 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total operating expenses | | | 14,528 | | | 6,417 | | | 18,663 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Operating income (loss) | | | 1,947 | | | (5,989 | ) | | (7,149 | ) |
Non-operating items | | | 6,159 | | | 624 | | | 5,329 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net loss from continuing operations before taxes | | | (4,212 | ) | | (6,613 | ) | | (12,478 | ) |
Income tax expense | | | (61 | ) | | — | | | (61 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Net loss from continuing operations | | | (4,273 | ) | | (6,613 | ) | | (12,539 | ) |
Deemed dividend related to beneficial conversion feature and warrants | | | (9,000 | ) | | — | | | (9,000 | ) |
| Cash dividends paid to preferred stockholders | | | (341 | ) | | (74 | ) | | (416 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders | | $ | (13,614 | ) | $ | (6,687 | ) | $ | (21,955 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Basic and diluted loss from continuing operations per common share, including dividends | | $ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.17 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | | | 105,419 | | | 125,974 | | | 125,974 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | | | | $ | 49,076 | |
Working capital | | | | | | | | | 65,664 | |
Total assets | | | | | | | | | 142,030 | |
Total debt | | | | | | | | | 53,732 | (b) |
Total stockholders' equity | | | | | | | | | 83,299 | |
- (a)
- See "Unaudited Condensed Pro Forma Combined Financial Statements" for a full presentation of the underlying pro forma financial statements and related assumptions, adjustments and basis of presentation.
- (b)
- Net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $394,000.
S-12
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth below as well as the other information contained in this prospectus supplement before purchasing the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement. The risks described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects.
Risks Related to Our Liquidity, Financial Condition, and Results of Operations
Our liquidity and capital resources are limited and we must raise substantial additional capital to execute our business plan and to fund our operations.
Our liquidity and capital resources are limited. At December 31, 2005, after giving effect to the consummation of this offering and the concurrent offering of the convertible notes, as well as our intended application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in "Use of Proceeds," we would have had approximately $65.7 million of working capital (current assets in excess of current liabilities). We must raise substantial additional capital to execute our business plan of commercializing and licensing the Rentech Process, including acquiring and converting the East Dubuque facility to use coal as a feedstock, and to continue to fund our operations. We cannot assure you that we will have access to sufficient liquidity or capital resources to complete the conversion of the East Dubuque facility and to fund our operations, and the failure to do so would have material adverse effect on our business.
We have never operated at a profit. If we do not achieve significant amounts of additional revenues and become profitable, we may be unable to continue our operations.
We have a history of operating losses and have never operated at a profit. From our inception on December 18, 1981 through December 31, 2005, we have incurred cumulative net losses of $67.6 million. During our fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 and the three months ended December 31, 2005, we had a net loss of $14.4 million and $5.6 million, respectively. If we do not achieve significant amounts of additional revenues and operate at a profit in the future, we may be unable to continue our operations at their current level. Ultimately, our ability to remain in business will depend upon earning a profit from commercialization of the Rentech Process. We have not been able to achieve sustained commercial use of the technology as of this time. Failure to do so would have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and prospects.
We do not expect our historical operating results to be indicative of our future performance.
Historically, our business focused on the development and licensing of our technology, the business of our Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. subsidiary, which provides well logging services to the oil and gas industry, and other operations which have been discontinued. In the future, we expect to acquire and convert the East Dubuque facility and to develop other facilities. We expect to finance a substantial part of the cost of these projects with indebtedness and the sale of equity securities, including from the net proceeds from this offering and our concurrent offering of the convertible notes. Accordingly, our operating expenses, interest expense, and depreciation and amortization are all expected to increase materially if we succeed in making such acquisitions, developing such projects and effecting such financings. As a result, we do not expect that historical operating results will be indicative of future performance.
S-13
The net proceeds of this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes will be used to acquire RCN and provide general corporate proceeds, and we cannot assure you that we will able to raise the substantial amount of additional financing necessary to convert the East Dubuque facility to use coal as a feedstock and the Rentech Process.
Our current estimate of the cost for Phases 1 and 1A of the conversion of the East Dubuque facility to FT technology using the Rentech Process is approximately $810 million. The net proceeds of this offering and the concurrent offering of the convertible notes will be used to finance the acquisition of RCN and provide general corporate proceeds. Substantial additional financing will be required to execute our planned conversion of the East Dubuque facility. If we are not able to obtain the amount of financing necessary to complete both phases, we would not be able to complete the conversion of the East Dubuque facility as expected, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
After giving effect to the consummation of the concurrent offering of the convertible notes and the revolving facility, we will have a substantial amount of indebtedness. We also plan to incur a substantial amount of additional indebtedness to finance the conversion of the East Dubuque facility. Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, limit our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry and prevent us from meeting our obligations.
As of December 31, 2005, after giving effect to the consummation of our concurrent offering of the convertible notes, we would have had $54.1 million principal amount of total indebtedness. In addition, we expect to have up to $30 million of availability under the revolving facility, subject to a borrowing base limitation. Costs to effect both Phases 1 and 1A of the conversion of the East Dubuque facility are estimated to be approximately $810 million which will require substantial further borrowing. If we undertake additional projects, significant additional indebtedness would be required.
Our substantial debt could have important consequences, including:
- •
- increasing our vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions;
- •
- requiring a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness, therefore reducing our ability to use our cash flow to fund our operations, capital expenditures and future business opportunities;
- •
- limiting our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes; and
- •
- limiting our ability to adjust to changing market conditions and placing us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors who have greater capital resources.
If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. Failure to pay our indebtedness on time would constitute an event of default under the agreements governing our indebtedness, which would give rise to our lenders' ability to accelerate the obligations and seek other remedies against us.
The revolving facility will include restrictive covenants that will limit our ability to operate our business.
Concurrently with the acquisition of RCN, we expect that RCN will enter into the revolving facility. The revolving facility will be secured by a pledge of all of the capital stock of RCN and a lien on substantially all of RCN's assets, and will impose various restrictions and covenants on us, which could limit our ability to respond to changing business conditions that may affect our financial condition. In addition, our failure to comply with the restrictions and covenants would result in an
S-14
event of default giving rise to the revolving facility lender's right to accelerate our obligations under the revolving facility.
We most likely will have to record higher compensation expense as a result of the implementation of SFAS 123(R).
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment," or SFAS 123(R), which established standards for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. This statement requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. We adopted SFAS No. 123(R) on October 1, 2005, using the modified prospective method for the adoption of its provisions, which results in the recognition of compensation expense for all share-based awards granted after the effective date and the recognition of compensation expense for all previously granted share-based awards that remain unvested at the effective date. This change in accounting is not expected to materially impact our financial position. However, because we previously accounted for share-based payments to employees using the intrinsic value method, our results of operations have not included the recognition of compensation expense for the issuance of stock option awards. As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R), we recognized $2.5 million of compensation expense for the three months ended December 31, 2005. We believe that compensation expense recorded in future periods due to the implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) may be significantly higher than the amounts that would have been recorded in prior years.
We have agreed to acquire RCN subject to financing and to pay a break-up fee should we be unable to finance the acquisition.
We have agreed to acquire RCN, subject to financing, shareholder approval, and other conditions. The purchase price is $50 million plus an amount equal to RCN's net working capital at closing. We intend to raise the funds required to complete the acquisition with the net proceeds from this offering and our concurrent offering of the convertible notes. Neither this offering nor the concurrent offering of convertible notes is conditioned on the closing of the acquisition, and we cannot assure you that the acquisition will be consummated. If we fail to consummate the acquisition because we fail to obtain the full amount of financing necessary, or because we fail to obtain the necessary approval of our shareholders, then our agreement requires that we pay Royster-Clark a break-up fee of $2.5 million. In addition, costs related to the transaction, such as legal and accounting, must be paid even if the transaction is not completed.
We are pursing other alternative fuels projects, including one at Natchez, Mississippi, that will involve substantial expense and risk.
We are pursing opportunities to develop alternative fuels projects, including a proposal to gain site control and develop an FT facility in Natchez, Mississippi. We are also considering other alternative fuels projects. We do not have the financing for any of these acquisitions, conversions, developments or operations. Moreover, the pursuit of such opportunities requires that we incur material expenses, including for financial, legal and other advisors, whether or not our efforts are successful. Our pursuit of any of these alternative fuel projects involves significant risks, and our failure to successfully develop these projects, or failure to operate them successfully after we have developed them, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
RCN's operations have not been profitable and require substantial working capital financing.
RCN sustained net losses and negative cash flows from operations in 2003 and 2005. These net losses and negative cash flows were the result of, among other things, difficult market conditions in its industry and rapidly rising costs of the natural gas feedstock and energy required to produce nitrogen fertilizers. Moreover, RCN's business is extremely seasonal, with the result that working capital
S-15
requirements in its off season are substantial. Following our acquisition of RCN, if we are not able to operate the East Dubuque facility at a profit, or if we are not able to access a sufficient amount of financing for working capital, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely effected.
The conversion of the East Dubuque facility and the development of other alternative fuels projects will require several years and substantial additional financing, and may not be successful.
The engineering, design, procurement of materials, and construction necessary to convert the East Dubuque facility to use coal gasification as a feedstock and to include the Rentech Process is estimated to take several years and to cost approximately $810 million. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain this financing at all, or in the time required, and our failure to do so would prevent us from implementing our business plan as expected. Further, acquisition and development of other alternative fuels projects could involve comparable or greater commitments of capital, time and other resources. We have never undertaken any such projects, and the duration, cost, and eventual success of our efforts are all uncertain.
If we do not receive funds from additional financing or other sources of working capital for our business activities and future transactions, we will not be able to execute our business plan.
We need additional financing to maintain our operations, and substantially increased financing, revenues and cash flow to accomplish our goal of acquiring, converting and building process plants. We will continue to expend substantial funds to research and develop our technologies, to market licenses of the Rentech Process, and to acquire, convert and develop process plants. We intend to finance the conversion and development, and in some cases the acquisition, of plants primarily through non-recourse debt financing at the project level. Additionally, we might obtain additional funds through joint ventures or other collaborative arrangements, and through debt and equity financing in the capital markets.
Financing for our projects may not be available when needed or on terms acceptable or favorable to us. In addition, we expect that definitive agreements with equity and debt participants in our capital projects will include conditions to funding, many of which could be outside our control. If we cannot obtain sufficient funds, we may be required to reduce, delay or eliminate expenditures for our business activities (including efforts to acquire, convert and develop process plants) and we may not be able to execute our business plan.
Our ability to use our net operating losses could be limited.
As of December 31, 2005, we had approximately $48 million of tax net operating loss carryforwards. Realization of any benefit from our tax net operating losses is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income and the absence of certain "ownership changes" of our common stock. An "ownership change," as defined in the applicable federal income tax rules, would place significant limitations, on an annual basis, on the use of such net operating losses to offset any future taxable income we may generate. Such limitations, in conjunction with the net operating loss expiration provisions, could effectively eliminate our ability to use a substantial portion of our net operating losses to offset any future taxable income.
It is possible that we have incurred one or more ownership changes in the past, in which case our ability to use our net operating losses would be limited. In addition, the issuance of shares of our common stock, including the shares we are selling in this offering, could cause an "ownership change" which would also limit our ability to use our net operating losses. Other issuances of shares of our common stock which could cause an "ownership change" include the issuance of shares of common stock upon future conversion or exercise of outstanding options and warrants. In this regard, we contemplate that we would need to issue a substantial amount of additional shares of our common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock) in connection
S-16
with our proposed plans to finance the commercialization of the Rentech Process and the implementation of our business plan.
Risks Related to the Rentech Process
Our receipt of revenues from licensees is dependant on their ability to successfully develop, construct and operate FT facilities using the Rentech Process.
We have marketed licenses for use of the Rentech Process, but have no active licensees at this time other than a master license agreement we entered into with DKRW Advanced Fuels LLC, or DKRW-AF, and a site license agreement with Medicine Bow Fuel & Power, LLC, or MBF&P. Under these or other license agreements, a licensee would be responsible for, among other things, obtaining governmental approvals and permits and sufficient financing for the large capital expenditures required. The ability of any licensee to accomplish these requirements, and the efforts, resources and timing schedules to be applied by a licensee, will be controlled by the licensee. Whether licensees are willing to expend the resources necessary to construct FT facilities using the Rentech Process will depend on a variety of factors outside our control, including the prevailing price outlook for crude oil, natural gas, coal, petroleum coke and refined products. In addition, our license agreements generally may be terminated by the licensee with cause. Furthermore, our potential licensees may not be restricted from pursuing alternative Fischer-Tropsch technologies on their own or in collaboration with others, including our competitors, for projects other than the ones we might license in the future.
If our licensees do not proceed with commercial facilities using the Rentech Process or do not successfully operate their facilities, we will not significantly benefit from the licensing of our technology. To date, no licensee of the Rentech Process has proceeded to construct and operate a facility for which royalties on production would be due. If we do not receive payments under our license agreements, our anticipated revenues will be diminished. This would harm our results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
We and our licensees may be unable to successfully implement use of the Rentech Process at commercial scale Fischer-Tropsch facilities, including the East Dubuque facility.
A variety of results necessary for successful operation of the Rentech Process could fail to occur at a commercial facility, including the East Dubuque facility. Results that could cause commercial scale Fischer-Tropsch plants to be unsuccessful include:
- •
- reaction activity different than that demonstrated in laboratory and pilot plant operations, which could increase the amount of catalyst or number of reactors required to convert syngas into liquid hydrocarbons;
- •
- shorter than anticipated catalyst life, which would require more frequent catalyst regeneration, catalyst purchases, or both;
- •
- insufficient catalyst separation from the crude wax product stream, which would impair the operation of the product upgrading unit;
- •
- product upgrading catalyst sensitivities to impurities in the crude FT products, which would impair the efficiency and economics of the product upgrade unit and require design revisions; and
- •
- higher than anticipated capital and operating costs to design, construct or reconfigure and operate a Fischer-Tropsch facility.
If any of the foregoing were to occur, our capital and operating costs would increase. In addition, our plants or those of our licensees could experience mechanical difficulties, either related or unrelated to elements of the Rentech Process. Our failure to construct and operate a commercial scale, Fischer-
S-17
Tropsch plant based on the Rentech Process could, and any such failure at the East Dubuque facility would, materially and adversely affect our business, results of operation, financial condition and prospects.
Facilities that would use the Rentech Process process carbon bearing materials. This creates risks of fire and explosions, which could cause severe damage and injuries, create liabilities for us, and materially and adversely affect our business.
Facilities that use Fischer-Tropsch technology process carbon-bearing materials, including coal and petroleum coke, into syngas. These materials are highly flammable and explosive. Severe personal injuries and material property damage may result. If such accidents did occur, we and our licensees could have substantial liabilities and costs. We are not currently insured for these risks. Furthermore, accidents of this type would likely adversely affect the operation of existing as well as proposed plants by increasing costs for enhanced safety features.
We could have potential indemnification liabilities to licensees relating to the operation of Fischer-Tropsch facilities based on the Rentech Process and due to intellectual property disputes.
We anticipate that license agreements will require us to indemnify the licensee against specified losses relating to, among other things:
- •
- use of patent rights and technical information relating to the Rentech Process; and
- •
- acts or omissions by us in connection with our preparation of preliminary and final design packages for the licensee's plant and approval of the licensee's construction plans.
Our indemnification obligations could result in substantial expenses and liabilities to us if intellectual property rights claims were to be made against us or our licensees, or if Fischer-Tropsch facilities based on the Rentech Process were to fail to operate as we expect.
Industry rejection of Fischer-Tropsch technology or the Rentech Process would adversely affect our ability to receive future license fees.
As is typical in the case of new and/or rapidly evolving technologies, demand for and industry acceptance of the Rentech Process is highly uncertain. Historically, most applications of FT processes have not economically produced FT fuels in comparison with the price of conventional fuel sources. Failure by the industry to accept the Rentech Process, whether due to unsuccessful use, uneconomic results, the novelty of our technology, the lower price of conventionally sourced fuels, or for other reasons, or if acceptance develops more slowly than expected, would materially and adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects.
If a high profile industry participant were to adopt the Rentech Process and fail to achieve success, or if any commercial FT plant based on the Rentech Process were to fail to achieve success, other industry participants' perceptions of the Rentech Process could be adversely affected. That could adversely affect our ability to obtain future license fees and generate other revenue. In addition, some oil companies may be motivated to seek to prevent industry acceptance of FT technology in general, or the Rentech Process in particular, based on their belief that widespread adoption of FT technology might negatively impact their competitive position.
S-18
If our competitors introduce new technology, new legislation or regulations are adopted, or new industry standards emerge, our technologies and products could become obsolete and unmarketable.
The markets for our services and products are characterized by rapidly changing competition, new legislation and regulations, and evolving industry standards. If we do not anticipate these changes and successfully develop and introduce improvements on a timely basis, we could lose some or all of our customers, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our success depends in part on the successful and timely completion of our product development unit and its subsequent operation.
Our success in designing, constructing, developing and operating our product development unit, or PDU, on a timely basis is essential to our successful deployment of the Rentech Process as well as fulfilling our contractual obligations to DKRW-AF. Under our agreement with DKRW-AF, we are required to satisfy certain testing procedures for the licensed technology at the PDU. We must also obtain governmental approvals and permits as well as procure equipment and materials on a timely basis and a delay or failure in securing such governmental approvals, equipment and/or materials may cause significant harm to us. A variety of results necessary for successful operation of the Rentech Process could fail to be demonstrated by the PDU. In addition, our PDU could experience mechanical difficulties related or unrelated to the Rentech Process. If we are not able to successfully develop and operate a PDU utilizing the Rentech Process, we may not be able to obtain any further licensing agreements with third parties and this may cause a delay in our development of projects utilizing the Rentech Process, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our success depends on the performance of our management team, project development team and technology group. The loss of key individuals within these groups would disrupt our business operations.
Our success in implementing our business plan is substantially dependent upon the contributions of our management team, project development team and technology group. We do not have key man life insurance for any of our officers or key employees. Economic success of the Rentech Process depends upon several factors, including design of the syngas reactors for the plants and startup to achieve optimal plant operations, which are highly reliant on the knowledge, skills, and relationships unique to our key personnel. Moreover, to successfully compete, we will be required to engage in continuous research and development regarding processes, products, markets and costs. Unexpected loss of the services of key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our intellectual property rights, which involves complexities and uncertainties.
We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary rights. Our business and prospects depend largely upon our ability to maintain control of rights to exploit our intellectual property. Our published and issued patents both foreign and domestic provide us certain exclusive rights (subject to licenses we have granted to others) to exploit the Rentech Process. Our existing patents might be infringed upon, invalidated or circumvented by others. The availability of patents in foreign markets, and the nature of any protection against competition that may be afforded by those patents, is often difficult to predict and varies significantly from country to country. We or our licensees may choose not to seek, or may be unable to obtain, patent protection in a country that could potentially be an important market for our technology. The confidentiality agreements that are designed to protect our trade secrets could be breached, and we might not have adequate remedies for the breach. Additionally, our trade secrets and proprietary know-how might otherwise become known or be independently discovered by others.
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We may not be aware of patents or rights of others that may have applicability in our technology until after we have made a substantial investment in the development and commercialization of our technologies. Third parties may claim that we have infringed upon past, present or future technologies. Legal actions could be brought against us, our co-venturers or our licensees claiming damages and seeking an injunction that would prevent us, our co-venturers or our licensees from testing, marketing or commercializing the affected technologies. If an infringement action were successful, in addition to potential liability for damages, we, our co-venturers or our licensees could be subjected to an injunction or required to obtain a license from a third party in order to continue to test, market or commercialize our affected technologies. Any required license might not be made available or, if available, might not be available on acceptable terms, and we could be prevented entirely from testing, marketing or commercializing the affected technologies. We may have to expend substantial resources in litigation, in enforcing our patents or defending against the infringement claims of others, or both. If we are unable to successfully maintain our technology, including the Rentech Process, against claims by others, our competitive position would be harmed and our revenues could be substantially reduced, and our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.
The Rentech Process may not compete successfully against Fischer-Tropsch technology developed by our competitors, many of whom have significantly more resources.
The development of Fischer-Tropsch technology for the production of liquid hydrocarbon products like ours is highly competitive. The Rentech Process is based on Fischer-Tropsch processes that have been known for almost 80 years and used in synthetic fuel projects for almost 50 years. Several major integrated oil companies, as well as several smaller companies, have developed or are developing competing technologies that they may offer to license to our potential customers. Each of these companies, especially the major oil companies, have significantly greater financial and other resources than we do to spend on developing, promoting, marketing and using their Fischer-Tropsch technology. The United States Department of Energy has also sponsored a number of research programs in Fischer-Tropsch technology. Advances by others in their Fischer-Tropsch technology might lower the cost of processes that compete with the Rentech Process. As our competitors continue to develop Fischer-Tropsch technologies, some part or all of our current technology could become obsolete. Our ability to create and maintain technological advantages is critical to our future success. As new technologies develop, we may be placed at a competitive disadvantage, and competitive pressures may force us to implement new technologies at a substantial cost. We may not be able to successfully develop or expend the financial resources necessary to acquire new technology.
The coal to liquids process incorporates technologies and processes developed by third parties the failure of which could harm our prospects for success.
The coal to liquids process integrates technologies and processes developed by third parties. Although we believe the incorporated technologies and processes are reliable, in some cases we have limited or no control over ensuring that such technologies or processes will perform as expected. If one or more of them were to fail, the failure could cause the Rentech Process to fall short of providing the results that we or our licensees desire, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
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Risks Related to Our Operations after Acquisitions
Miscalculations in our assessment of operating the East Dubuque facility may lead to us not having adequately evaluated the operating results and risks associated with the facility and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We have never owned, converted, or operated a fertilizer facility. The success of our acquisition of the facility requires an assessment of:
- •
- available supply of natural gas at economical prices;
- •
- operating costs;
- •
- potential environmental liabilities, including hazardous waste contamination;
- •
- permits and other governmental authorizations required for our operations;
- •
- potential labor disputes resulting from RCN's labor contracts which are due for renewal in October 2006; and
- •
- potential work stoppages and other labor relations matters.
The results of our assessments of operating the facility are necessarily inexact and their accuracy is inherently uncertain. These assessments may not have revealed all existing or potential problems, nor have they necessarily permitted us to become sufficiently familiar with the facility to fully assess its merits and deficiencies. The acquisition of the facility poses numerous additional risks to our operations and financial results, including incurring substantial liabilities and lower revenues than we expected. These risks include:
- •
- unanticipated costs for the natural gas initially used and the subsequent coal feedstock;
- •
- problems integrating the purchased operations, personnel or technologies;
- •
- delayed or defective engineering plans for the conversion of the facility to FT technology to use coal as a feedstock and the Rentech Process;
- •
- cost overruns or delays in construction;
- •
- diversion of resources and management attention from our other efforts;
- •
- entry into markets in which we have limited or no experience;
- •
- potential governmental limitations on application of nitrogen fertilizers due to concerns they pollute ground water; and
- •
- potential loss of key employees, particularly those of the acquired organization.
Construction of Fischer-Tropsch plants incorporating the Rentech Process, including conversion of the East Dubuque facility to use coal and the Rentech Process, will be subject to risks of delay and cost overruns.
The construction of Fischer-Tropsch plants incorporating the Rentech Process, and our conversion of an existing plant, including the East Dubuque facility, to use coal and the Rentech Process, will be subject to risks of delay or cost overruns resulting from numerous factors, including the following:
- •
- obtaining sufficient financing;
- •
- timely issuance of additional permits, licenses and approvals by governmental agencies and third parties;
- •
- inadequate engineering plans or delays, including those relating to the commissioning of newly designed equipment;
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- •
- obtaining on a timely basis from third parties the coal gasification and product upgrading systems for the plant;
- •
- unanticipated changes in the coal supply and market demand for our products;
- •
- shortages of equipment, materials or skilled labor;
- •
- labor disputes;
- •
- environmental conditions and requirements;
- •
- unforeseen events, such as explosions, fires and product spills;
- •
- increased costs or delays in manufacturing and delivering critical equipment;
- •
- resistance in the local community; and
- •
- local and general economic conditions.
If the conversion of an existing plant to the use of coal and the Rentech Process is delayed beyond the time we estimate, the actual cost of completion may increase beyond the amounts estimated in our capital budget. A delay would also cause a delay in the receipt of revenues projected from operation of the converted facility, which may cause our business, results of operation and financial condition to be substantially harmed.
The market for natural gas has been volatile. If prices for natural gas increase significantly, we may not be able to economically operate the East Dubuque facility during the conversion phase while we continue to use natural gas as the feedstock. Further, once the East Dubuque facility is converted to using coal, volatility in the price of coal could adversely affect us.
We plan to continue to operate the East Dubuque facility with natural gas as the feedstock until we complete the conversion of the facility to use coal to produce the required syngas. That will expose us to market risk due to increases in natural gas prices. The profitability of operating the facility is significantly dependant on the cost of natural gas as a feedstock and the facility has operated in the past, and may operate in the future, at a net loss. We expect to purchase natural gas for use in the facility on the spot market. We expect to also use short-term, fixed supply, fixed price forward purchase contracts to lock in pricing for a portion of our natural gas requirements. These may not protect us from increases in the cost of our feedstock. After the conversion is completed, an increase in the price of coal, or in other commodities that we may use as feedstock at other facilities, could also adversely affect our operating results. The prices of coal, natural gas or other commodities that we might use as feedstock are subject to wide fluctuations due to a variety of factors that are beyond our control. Higher than anticipated costs for the catalyst and other materials used in these facilities could also adversely affect operating results. These increased costs could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Lower prices for nitrogen fertilizers or downturns in market demands could reduce the revenues and profitability of the East Dubuque facility's nitrogen fertilizer business.
Nitrogen fertilizer is a global commodity that often experiences unpredictable fluctuations in demand and an increasing supply on the world-wide market. In the recent past, nitrogen fertilizer prices have been volatile, often experiencing price changes from one growing season to the next. A downturn in nitrogen prices could have a depressing effect on the prices of the fertilizer products that we will sell after we acquire the East Dubuque facility, and might materially and adversely affect our ability to economically convert the nitrogen fertilizer facility to use coal and produce liquid hydrocarbon products using the Rentech Process.
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Weather conditions can have a significant impact on the farming economy and, consequently, on demand for the fertilizer products produced by the East Dubuque facility. For example, adverse weather such as flood, drought or frost can cause a delay in, or even the cancellation of, planting, reducing the demand for fertilizer. Adverse weather conditions can also impact the financial position of the farmers who will buy our nitrogen fertilizer products, including those who are extended credit. This, in turn, may adversely affect the ability of those farmers to meet their obligations in a timely manner, or at all. Accordingly, the weather can have a material effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
The business of the East Dubuque facility is highly seasonal.
Sales of nitrogen fertilizer products from the East Dubuque facility are seasonal, based upon the planting, growing and harvesting cycles. Most of the East Dubuque facility's annual sales have occurred between March and July of each year due to the condensed nature of the planting season. Since interim period operating results reflect the seasonal nature of our business, they are not indicative of results expected for the full fiscal year. In addition, quarterly results can vary significantly from one year to the next due primarily to weather-related shifts in planting schedules and purchase patterns. We expect to incur substantial expenditures for fixed costs for the East Dubuque facility throughout the year and substantial expenditures for inventory in advance of the spring planting season. Seasonality also relates to the limited windows of opportunity that nitrogen fertilizer customers have to complete required tasks at each stage of crop cultivation. Should events such as adverse weather or transportation interruptions occur during these seasonal windows, we would face the possibility of reduced revenue without the opportunity to recover until the following season. In addition, because of the seasonality of agriculture, we expect to face the risk of significant inventory carrying costs should its customers' activities be curtailed during their normal seasons. The seasonality can negatively impact accounts receivable collections and bad debt.
The operation of the East Dubuque facility is subject to risks and hazards that may result in monetary losses and liabilities.
The East Dubuque facility's business is generally subject to a number of risks and hazards, such as unusual weather, changes in the regulatory environment, explosions and fires. We are not currently insured for these risks, and insurance may not be available to us at reasonable rates in the future. Any significant interruption in our operations could adversely affect us.
A reduction in government incentives for FT fuels, or the relaxation of clean air requirements, could materially reduce the demand for FT fuels or the Rentech Process.
Federal law provides incentives for FT fuels, and technologies that produce the FT fuels, such as the Rentech Process. For instance, the Energy Policy Act of 2005, or EPACT 2005, provides for tax credits, grants, loan guarantees and other incentives to stimulate coal gasification to Fischer-Tropsch fuels and chemicals. The Highway Reauthorization and Excise Tax Simplification Act of 2005, or the Highway Act, also provides a $0.50 per gallon fuel excise tax credit for FT fuels from coal. We anticipate that our proposed projects may qualify for us to receive the incentives under EPACT 2005 and that FT fuels produced with the Rentech Process would qualify for the Highway Act's tax credit. In addition, certain federal regulations that restrict air pollution provide an incentive for the use of FT fuels because they comply with the regulations in cases where conventional fuels might not. Changes in federal law or policy could result in a reduction or elimination in the incentives that apply to us or our ability to take advantage of them, or a relaxation of the requirements with respect to air pollutants created by conventional fuels. As a result, the reduction or elimination of government incentives or the relaxation of air pollution requirements could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
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Changes in United States government regulations and agricultural policy that affect the demand for products made at the East Dubuque facility could materially and adversely affect its operations.
Because the application of fertilizer has been identified as a significant source of water pollution and can also result in the emissions of nitrogen compounds and particulate matter into the air, regulations may lead to decreases in the quantity of fertilizer applied to crops. Further, United States governmental policies may directly or indirectly influence factors affecting the East Dubuque facility's business, such as the number of acres planted, the mix of crops planted, crop prices, the level of grain inventories and the amounts of and locations where fertilizer may be applied. Changes in government programs that provide financial support to farmers could affect demand for the facility's products. The market for our products could also be affected by challenges brought under the United States Federal Endangered Species Act and changes in regulatory policies affecting biotechnologically developed seed. We cannot predict the future government policy and regulatory framework affecting our business.
We could be subject to claims and liabilities under environmental, health and safety laws and regulations arising from the production and distribution of nitrogen fertilizers and alternative fuel products at our facilities.
The production and distribution of nitrogen fertilizers at the East Dubuque facility, and alternative fuel products at that and any other alternative fuel facilities we may operate in the future, are subject to compliance with United States federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. These regulations govern operations and use, storage, handling, discharge and disposal of a variety of substances. For instance, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, we could be held strictly, jointly and severally responsible for the removal and remediation of any hazardous substance contamination at our facilities, at neighboring properties (where migration from our facilities occurred) and at third party waste disposal sites. We could also be held liable for any consequences arising out of human exposure to these substances or other environmental damage. We may incur substantial costs to comply with these environmental, health and safety law requirements. We may also incur substantial costs for liabilities arising from past releases of, or exposure to, hazardous substances. In addition, we may discover currently unknown environmental problems or conditions. The discovery of currently unknown environmental problems or conditions, changes in environmental, health and safety laws and regulations or other unanticipated events could give rise to claims that may involve material expenditures or liabilities for us.
Acts of terrorism and continued conflict and instability in the Middle East could affect both the supply and price of various fertilizer materials that we sell.
Nitrogen-based agricultural materials such as ammonia, ammonium nitrate and urea have the potential for misuse by domestic or international terrorists, and the facilities where these materials are produced or stored and the transportation network through which they are distributed could be targeted. In addition, various crop protection products are hazardous and could be used in terrorist acts such as water supply contamination. RCN's facilities could be targeted or materials distributed by it misused. Should such events occur, our business could be adversely affected and the limits of our insurance policies could be exceeded such that our ability to meet our financial obligations would be impaired. Further, instability in oil producing regions of the world could have the effect of driving up energy prices which could, in turn, affect natural gas prices and the economics of nitrogen-based fertilizers. Mechanized farming as currently practiced by our customers is energy intensive and sharp increases in fuel prices could limit their funds available for other inputs and thus adversely affect the demand for the products that we sell.
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The nitrogen fertilizer industry is very competitive and the actions of our competitors could materially affect the results of operations and financial position of the Company.
RCN operates in a highly competitive industry, particularly with respect to price and service. Its principal competitors in the distribution of crop production inputs include agricultural co-operatives (which have the largest market share in many of the locations that it serves), national fertilizer producers, major grain companies and independent distributors and brokers. Some of these competitors have greater financial, marketing and research and development resources than we do, or better name recognition, and can better withstand adverse economic or market conditions. In addition, as a result of increased pricing pressures caused by competition, RCN may in the future experience reductions in the profit margins on sales, or may be unable to pass future material price increases on to customers.
If we acquire RCN, we would need to rely on Royster-Clark as exclusive distributor of the nitrogen fertilizer products we would produce at the East Dubuque facility.
Upon consummation of our pending acquisition of RCN, we will not have any sales force or any previous experience in the production and distribution of the nitrogen fertilizer products that are produced at the East Dubuque facility. As a result, we will need to rely on Royster-Clark as exclusive distributor of such products. Under the stock purchase agreement governing our acquisition of RCN, we are obligated to enter into a distribution agreement with Royster-Clark at the closing which will require Royster-Clark to use its commercially reasonable efforts to promote the sale of and to purchase from us all of the nitrogen fertilizer products manufactured at the East Dubuque facility, and to negotiate in good faith with us from time to time regarding the purchase and sale of the products. However, if we are not able to reach an agreement with respect to the purchase and sale of products, we cannot assure you that we would be able to find other buyers for them. Our inability to sell the nitrogen fertilizer products produced at the East Dubuque facility would result in significant losses and materially and adversely affect our business.
If we acquire RCN, we will need to incur significant costs and expend other resources to modify RCN's financial reporting systems and to integrate it with our financial reporting systems.
RCN's current financial reporting systems are insufficient to meet our specific future needs and would need to be replaced as soon as practicable following the closing of our pending acquisition of the company. In addition, following the completion of the update, we intend to integrate RCN into our financial reporting systems. Until the integration has been completed, the operation of the two separate financial reporting systems could result in additional costs and difficulties that would not exist if one system were in place. In addition, while we have based our estimates of the costs and time it will take to complete the update and integration of such systems on our best estimates to date, we could encounter difficulties in the replacement or integration processes and incur significant costs and expend important resources in excess of our estimates.
RCN was required to restate its financial statements for certain recent periods, which resulted in a material weakness being identified in RCN's internal controls over financial reporting.
In connection with the audit of RCN's financial statements for its year ended December 31, 2005, RCN was required to restate its net sales, cost of sales, and selling, general and administrative expenses for the 202-day period ended July 21, 2005. RCN had been reporting sales of excess natural gas inventories on a net basis in cost of sales. The restatement resulted in a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses and an increase in sales and cost of sales, but had no impact on RCN's net income. RCN also was required to restate its net sales and cost of sales the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, which also had no impact on the net income (loss) reported by RCN for those periods. See Note (3) to RCN's audited financial statements, which are incorporated by reference herein. As a result of this restatement, RCN's independent auditors concluded that a material weakness existed in RCN's internal controls over financial reporting. The Securities and Exchange Commission has issued
S-25
guidance indicating that a restatement of financial statements is a strong presumption of the existence of a material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting, and registered public accounting firms generally take the position that a restatement automatically constitutes a material weakness. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board has defined a material weakness as "a significant deficiency, or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected."
To the extent we identify any additional weaknesses in RCN's internal control over financial reporting, significant resources from our management team and additional expenses may be required to implement and maintain effective controls and procedures. If we fail to properly integrate RCN into our financial reporting systems, or if we encounter difficulties in implementing such integration, our operating results could be adversely affected, we may fail to meet our reporting obligations or we may have material misstatements in our financial statements. Ineffective internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which would cause a material decline in the trading price of our common stock.
We may not be able to successfully manage our growing business.
If we are successful in our plans to commercialize the Rentech Process by acquiring and developing alternative fuel facilities, we would experience a period of rapid growth that could place significant additional demands on, and require us to expand, our management resources and information systems. The management of our growth will require, among other things, continued development of our internal controls and information systems and the ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Our failure to manage any such rapid growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on us and our operating results.
Risks Related to the Market for Rentech Common Stock
We have a very substantial overhang of common stock and future sales of our common stock will cause substantial dilution and may negatively affect the market price of our shares.
There will be approximately 132.1 million shares of our common stock outstanding following this offering assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option. There will also be approximately:
- •
- 16,494,582 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and upon the vesting of unvested restricted stock units;
- •
- 1,480,000 shares of common stock reserved for stock options and restricted stock units which have been granted subject to shareholder approval of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan;
- •
- 2,287,666 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes; and
- •
- shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon conversion of the convertible notes we are offering in the concurrent offering.
We have a shelf registration statement covering approximately $44 million in shares of our common stock for issuance in future financing transactions. In addition, after this and our concurrent offering are consummated, and assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment options, we expect to have remaining under the shelf registration statement under which the offerings are being made approximately $50 million aggregate offering price of securities (all or a portion of which could be issued as common stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock). At our upcoming annual meeting, we are also seeking shareholder approval for the potential issuance of up to 40 million shares of our common stock (or securities convertible into or exerciseable for common
S-26
stock) for up to an aggregate of $200 million in gross proceeds, at a discount of up to 30% from the market price at the time of issuance and sale. We expect the sale of common stock and common stock equivalents in material amounts will be necessary to finance the conversion of RCN, progress our business plan and facilitate our licensing business. Certain holders of our securities have, and certain future holders are expected to be granted, rights to participate in or to require us to file registration statements with the SEC for resale of common stock.
We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future sales of shares of our common stock into the market, or the availability of shares of common stock for future sale, will have on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of common stock (including shares issued upon the exercise of stock options and warrants or conversion of the convertible notes), or the perception that such sales could occur, may materially and adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock.
Protection provisions in our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation may deter a third party from seeking to acquire control of us, which may reduce the market price of our stock.
Our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation include provisions that may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our Company. These provisions include grouping of the board of directors into three classes with staggered terms; a requirement that directors may be removed without cause only with the approval of the holders of 662/3% of the outstanding voting power of our capital stock; a requirement that permits us to disapprove any acquisition of more than 5% of our common stock or other securities if we determine in good faith the acquisition could cause us to be a personal holding company under the Internal Revenue Code; and a requirement that the holders of not less than 662/3% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock approve certain business combinations of the Company with any holder of more than 10% of the voting power or an affiliate of any such holder unless the transaction is either approved by at least a majority of the uninterested and unaffiliated members of the board of directors or unless certain minimum price and procedural requirements are met. We also have a shareholder rights plan that authorizes issuance to existing shareholders of substantial numbers of preferred share rights or shares of common stock in the event a third party seeks to acquire control of a substantial block of our common stock. For further information regarding these and similar provisions, see the section in this prospectus supplement captioned, "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws." These provisions could deter a third party from tendering for the purchase of some or all of our stock and could have the effect of entrenching management and reducing the market price of our common stock.
The market price of Rentech common stock may decline as a result of the transactions.
The market price of Rentech stock may decline for a number of reasons, including if:
- •
- the conversion of the East Dubuque facility or other process plants is not completed in a timely and efficient manner;
- •
- the acquisition of the East Dubuque facility or other process plants does not yield the expected benefits to our revenues as rapidly or to the extent that may be anticipated by financial or industry analysts, stockholders or other investors;
- •
- the effect of the acquisition of the East Dubuque facility or other process plants on Rentech's financial statements is not consistent with the expectations of the financial or industry analysts, stockholders or other investors;
- •
- significant shareholders of Rentech decide to dispose of their shares of common stock because of any such transactions; or
- •
- any of the other risks referred to in this section materialize.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We estimate that our net proceeds from this offering, without exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option, will be approximately $48.3 million, assuming an offering price of $4.18 per share (the closing price of our common stock on the American Stock Exchange on March 30, 2006), and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses totaling $3.9 million. A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed offering price of $4.18 per share would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $11.8 million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Any such increase or decrease would change the net proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible notes in a public offering. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes." In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock and the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering. The consummation of this offering is conditioned upon the concurrent consummation of the offering of the convertible notes andvice versa. The consummation of our acquisition of RCN is not a condition to the consummation of this offering or the offering of the convertible notes.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with net proceeds from our concurrent offering of convertible notes, to consummate the acquisition of RCN, to fund its working capital, to pay related fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes. The estimated sources and uses of funds are shown in the table below.
| |
|
---|
Sources
| | Uses
|
---|
(thousands)
|
---|
Revolving facility(1)(2) | | $ | — | | Purchase of RCN capital stock(2) | | $ | 50,000 |
Convertible notes(3) | | | 50,000 | | RCN net working capital acquired(2) | | | 20,500 |
Common stock offered hereby(3) | | | 52,250 | | General corporate purposes(2)(3) | | | 24,080 |
| | | | | Estimated fees and expenses | | | 7,670 |
| |
| | | |
|
Total Sources | | $ | 102,250 | | Total Uses | | $ | 102,250 |
| |
| | | |
|
- (1)
- In connection with our acquisition of RCN, we expect RCN to enter into a revolving working capital facility providing for up to $30 million in borrowing availability. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Revolving Facility."
- (2)
- Pursuant to our stock purchase agreement with Royster-Clark, the purchase price for RCN is equal to $50 million plus the amount of RCN's closing net working capital, as defined in the agreement. Our estimate of RCN's net working capital reflected in the table is subject to change at the time of the closing of the acquisition. To the extent that RCN's net working capital at the closing of the acquisition is lower than the amount shown in the table, the amount available for general corporate purposes would increase by a like amount. To the extent that RCN's net working capital at closing is higher than the amount shown in the table, the amount available for general corporate purposes would decrease by a like amount. Depending on the actual level of working capital and expected working capital needs post-closing, we may elect to partially draw on the revolving facility. In the event of such a drawing, the amounts reflected in the table for the revolving facility and general corporate purposes and/or RCN net working capital acquired would correspondingly increase.
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- (3)
- Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible notes in a public offering. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes." In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock and the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering. Any increase or decrease in the aggregate net proceeds raised from this offering or the concurrent offering of convertible notes will change the net proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, we will issue and sell an additional 1,875,000 shares of common stock and estimate that we will receive additional net proceeds of approximately $7.4 million, assuming an offering price of $4.18 per share (the closing price of our common stock on the American Stock Exchange on March 30, 2006). See "Underwriting." The underwriters of the concurrent offering of convertible notes have a similar over-allotment option permitting them to acquire up to an additional 15 percent of the principal amount of the notes issued in that offering.
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PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY
Our common stock is traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol RTK. The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing prices for the common stock as reported by AMEX.
| | High
| | Low
|
---|
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2006 | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | $ | 4.16 | | $ | 2.33 |
| Second Quarter | | | 5.37 | | | 3.72 |
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2005 | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | $ | 2.59 | | $ | 0.88 |
| Second Quarter | | | 2.51 | | | 1.19 |
| Third Quarter | | | 1.62 | | | 1.25 |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 3.00 | | | 1.21 |
Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 2004 | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | $ | 1.50 | | $ | 0.63 |
| Second Quarter | | | 1.30 | | | 0.85 |
| Third Quarter | | | 1.12 | | | 0.81 |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 1.07 | | | 0.85 |
On March 30, 2006, the last reported sale price of our common stock on the American Stock Exchange was $4.18 per share. As of March 24, 2006, there were approximately 558 holders of record of our common stock. Based upon the securities position listings maintained for our common stock by registered clearing agencies, we estimate the number of beneficial owners is not less than 13,000 as of March 24, 2006.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently expect that we will retain future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
S-30
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of December 31, 2005:
- •
- on an actual basis;
- •
- as adjusted to give effect to our issuance of 12.5 million shares of our common stock in this offering and $50 million in aggregate principal amount of the convertible notes in the concurrent offering; and
- •
- as further adjusted to give effect to the application of the net proceeds from this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes to fund our acquisition of RCN.
The table assumes that the underwriters' over-allotment options related to this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes are not exercised. The table also excludes (as of March 30, 2006):
- •
- 16,494,582 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and upon the vesting of unvested restricted stock units;
- •
- 1,480,000 shares of common stock reserved for stock options and restricted stock units which have been granted subject to shareholder approval of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan;
- •
- 2,287,666 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes; and
- •
- shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon conversion of the convertible notes we are offering in the concurrent offering.
| | As of December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | Actual
| | As Adjusted
| | As Further Adjusted(a)
| |
---|
| | (unaudited) (thousands, except share and per share data)
| |
---|
Cash and cash equivalents(b) | | $ | 29,480 | | $ | 124,060 | | $ | 49,076 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Total debt | | | | | | | | | | |
| Revolving facility | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
| Convertible notes | | | — | | | 50,000 | | | 50,000 | |
| Other debt(c) | | | 3,732 | | | 3,732 | | | 3,732 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | Total debt | | | 3,732 | | | 53,732 | | | 53,732 | |
Stockholders' equity: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Preferred stock ($10 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; 90,000 series A convertible preferred shares authorized and issued and no series A convertible preferred shares outstanding) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Series C participating cumulative preferred stock ($10 par value; 500,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding)(d) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Common stock ($.01 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized; 117,360,985 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 129,860,985 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted and as further adjusted) | | | 1,173 | | | 1,298 | | | 1,298 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | | | 101,485 | | | 149,691 | | | 149,638 | |
| Accumulated deficit | | | (67,637 | ) | | (67,637 | ) | | (67,637 | ) |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | Total stockholders' equity(b) | | | 35,021 | | | 83,352 | | | 83,299 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | Total capitalization(b) | | $ | 38,753 | | $ | 137,084 | | $ | 137,031 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
- (a)
- Under the stock purchase agreement we have entered into for the purchase of RCN, we are obligated to pay $50 million plus an amount equal to RCN's net working capital at closing (which as of March 30, 2006 we estimated will be equal to $20.5 million). The amount of RCN's closing
S-31
net working capital assumed for the purposes of the capitalization table is subject to change depending on the actual amount of RCN's net working capital at closing.
- (b)
- A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed offering price of $4.18 per share would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, total stockholders equity and total capitalization by approximately $11.8 million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover pages of this prospectus supplement, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Any such increase or decrease would change the net proceeds available for general corporate purposes.
- (c)
- Net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $394,000.
- (d)
- Represents authorized but unissued shares related to our shareholders rights plan. See "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws—Shareholder Rights Plan."
S-32
DILUTION
Purchasers of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement will suffer dilution in net tangible book value per share. Our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2005 was approximately $34.2 million, or approximately $0.29 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share represents the amount of total tangible assets less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2005.
Dilution in net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by the purchasers of our common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering. After giving effect to our sale of 12.5 million shares of common stock in this offering, at an assumed offering price of $4.18 per share, the closing price of our common stock on the American Stock Exchange on March 30, 2006, and after deduction of the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2005 would have been approximately $82.5 million, or $0.64 per share, based on 129.9 million shares of common stock outstanding at December 31, 2005. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $0.35 per share of common stock to existing shareholders and an immediate dilution of $3.54 per share to purchasers of common stock in this offering.
Assumed public offering price per share | | $ | 4.18 |
Net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2005 | | | 0.29 |
Increase per share attributable to this offering | | | 0.35 |
Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2005 after giving effect to this offering | | | 0.64 |
| |
|
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors | | $ | 3.54 |
| |
|
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed offering price of $4.18 per share would increase (decrease) the net tangible book per share after this offering by approximtely $0.09 per share and the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors by $0.09 per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover pages of this prospectus supplement, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The foregoing information assumes that the underwriters' over-allotment option is not exercised. The information also excludes (as of March 30, 2006):
- •
- 16,494,582 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants and upon the vesting of unvested restricted stock units;
- •
- 1,480,000 shares of common stock reserved for stock options and restricted stock units which have been granted subject to shareholder approval of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan;
- •
- 2,287,666 shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon the conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes; and
- •
- shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon conversion of the convertible notes we are offering in the concurrent offering.
To the extent these securities result in the issuance of shares of common stock, investors in this offering will incur further dilution.
S-33
UNAUDITED CONDENSED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION
On November 5, 2005, we entered into a definitive stock purchase agreement with Royster-Clark, Inc. for the purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of RCN. Under the terms of the agreement, subject to shareholder approval, financing of the acquisition, and other customary conditions, we will pay $50 million for the stock, plus an amount equal to net working capital, as defined in the agreement, at closing. In November 2005, we deposited $2.5 million in an escrow account that will be applied to the purchase price of RCN or paid to Royster-Clark, Inc. as a break-up fee if the acquisition fails due to our failure to obtain financing, our failure to obtain AMEX approval for the listing of shares to be issued related to the acquisition or our failure to obtain shareholder approval for the acquisition of RCN.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with the net proceeds from our concurrent offering of $50 million aggregate principal amount of convertible notes, to consummate the acquisition of RCN, to fund its working capital, to pay related fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes. In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock or the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering.
The unaudited condensed pro forma combined statements of operations for the twelve and three months ended December 31, 2005 and for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 were prepared as if the acquisition had taken place on October 1, 2005 for the twelve and three months ended December 31, 2005 and on October 31, 2004 for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005. The unaudited condensed pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 was prepared as if the acquisition had taken place on December 31, 2005. The twelve month period ended December 31, 2005 for Rentech was derived by subtracting the three month period ended December 31, 2004 from the twelve month period ended September 30, 2005 and then adding the three month period ended December 31, 2005 to the result. The three month period ended December 31, 2005 for RCN was derived by subtracting the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2005 from the audited twelve month period ended December 31, 2005. The twelve month period ended December 31, 2005 was derived by adding the 163-day period ended December 31, 2005 to the 202-day period from January 1, 2005 to July 21, 2005. The twelve month period ended September 30, 2005 for RCN was calculated by adding the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2005 to the three month period ended December 31, 2004. The nine month period ended September 30, 2005 was derived by adding the 71-day period ended September 30, 2005 to the 202-day period from January 1, 2005 to July 21, 2005. The three month period ended December 31, 2004 was calculated by subtracting the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2004 from the audited twelve month period ended December 31, 2004. The twelve month period ended September 30, 2005 for Rentech does not include the results of discontinued operations resulting from the sale of two subsidiaries. Also, the amounts shown for the calculation of loss per common share do not include the results of such discontinued operations. As discussed in more detail in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for RCN, included in our definitive proxy statement, the operating results and cash flows for the 163-day period from July 22, 2005 to December 31, 2005 are presented in RCN's financial statements using a different cost basis for certain assets and therefore are not comparable to the operating results and cash flows for the 202-day period from January 1, 2005 through July 21, 2005.
The following unaudited condensed pro forma combined financial information for Rentech and RCN should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements of Rentech and subsidiaries for the quarter ended December 31, 2005 as filed on Form 10-Q with the Securities
S-34
and Exchange Commission as well as the audited consolidated financial statements of Rentech, Inc. and subsidiaries for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2005, 2004 and 2003 as filed on Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as with the audited financial statements of RCN for the 202-day period from January 1, 2005 through July 21, 2005 and the 163-day period from July 22, 2005 to December 31, 2005 and the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. The pro forma data does not purport to be indicative of the results of future operations or the combined results that would have occurred had the purchase been consummated at the beginning of the periods presented. This data has been included as required by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and is provided for comparative purposes only.
S-35
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED PRO FORMA COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
| | For the Twelve Months Ended
| |
---|
| | December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | (thousands, except per share amounts)
| |
---|
| | Rentech
| | RCN
| | Pro Forma Adjustments
| |
| | Rentech and RCN Combined
| |
---|
Net sales | | $ | 7,338 | | $ | 112,607 | | $ | 7,152 | | (a) | | $ | 127,097 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Cost of sales | | | 5,111 | | | 111,912 | | | (1,440 | ) | (a)(b)(d) | | | 115,583 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Gross profit | | | 2,227 | | | 695 | | | | | | | | 11,514 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General and administrative expense | | | 15,110 | | | 1,481 | | | | | | | | 16,591 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 464 | | | — | | | | | | | | 464 | |
| Research and development | | | 1,608 | | | — | | | | | | | | 1,608 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total operating expenses | | | 17,182 | | | 1,481 | | | | | | | | 18,663 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating loss | | | (14,955 | ) | | (786 | ) | | | | | | | (7,149 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Other (income) expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense | | | 2,507 | | | 6,068 | | | (3,658 | ) | (c) | | | 4,917 | |
| Equity in loss of investee | | | 565 | | | — | | | | | | | | 565 | |
| Other expenses | | | (153 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (153 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total other (income) expenses | | | 2,919 | | | 6,068 | | | | | | | | 5,329 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (17,874 | ) | | (6,854 | ) | | | | | | | (12,478 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Income tax expense | | | (61 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (61 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations | | | (17,935 | ) | | (6,854 | ) | | | | | | | (12,539 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Deemed dividend related to beneficial conversion feature and warrants | | | (9,000 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (9,000 | ) |
| Cash dividends paid to preferred stockholders | | | (416 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (416 | ) |
Net loss from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders | | $ | (27,351 | ) | $ | (6,854 | ) | | | | | | $ | (21,955 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Basic and diluted loss per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Continuing operations, including dividends | | $ | (0.24 | ) | | — | | | | | | | $ | (0.17 | ) |
Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | | | 113,474 | | | | | | 12,500 | | (h) | | | 125,974 | |
S-36
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED PRO FORMA COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
| | For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | (thousands, except per share amounts)
| |
---|
| | Rentech
| | RCN
| | Pro Forma Adjustments
| |
| | Rentech and RCN Combined
| |
---|
Net sales | | $ | 1,922 | | $ | 41,119 | | $ | 953 | | (a) | | $ | 43,994 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Cost of sales | | | 1,313 | | | 43,188 | | | (935 | ) | (a)(b)(d) | | | 43,566 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Gross profit | | | 609 | | | (2,069 | ) | | | | | | | 428 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General and administrative expense | | | 4,803 | | | 200 | | | | | | | | 5,003 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 134 | | | — | | | | | | | | 134 | |
| Research and development | | | 1,280 | | | — | | | | | | | | 1,280 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total operating expenses | | | 6,217 | | | 200 | | | | | | | | 6,417 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating income (loss) | | | (5,608 | ) | | (2,269 | ) | | | | | | | (5,989 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Other (income) expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense | | | 299 | | | 1,843 | | | (1,240 | ) | (c) | | | 902 | |
| Interest income | | | (278 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (278 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total other (income) expenses | | | 21 | | | 1,843 | | | | | | | | 624 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (5,629 | ) | | (4,112 | ) | | | | | | | (6,613 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Income tax expense | | | — | | | — | | | | | | | | — | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations | | | (5,629 | ) | | (4,112 | ) | | | | | | | (6,613 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Cash dividends paid to preferred stockholders | | | (74 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (74 | ) |
Net loss from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders | | $ | (5,703 | ) | $ | (4,112 | ) | | | | | | $ | (6,687 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Basic and diluted loss per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Continuing operations, including dividends | | $ | (0.05 | ) | | — | | | | | | | $ | (0.05 | ) |
Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | | | 113,474 | | | | | | 12,500 | | (h) | | | 125,974 | |
S-37
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED PRO FORMA COMBINED
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
| | For the Twelve Months Ended
| |
---|
| | September 30, 2005
| |
---|
| | (thousands, except per share amounts)
| |
---|
| | Rentech
| | RCN
| | Pro Forma Adjustments
| |
| | Rentech and RCN Combined
| |
---|
Net Sales | | $ | 7,186 | | $ | 90,367 | | $ | 7,656 | | (a) | | $ | 105,209 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Cost of sales | | | 5,213 | | | 83,927 | | | (406 | ) | (a)(b)(d) | | | 88,734 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Gross profit | | | 1,973 | | | 6,440 | | | | | | | | 16,475 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| General and administrative expense | | | 11,601 | | | 1,995 | | | | | | | | 13,596 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | 436 | | | — | | | | | | | | 436 | |
| Research and development | | | 496 | | | — | | | | | | | | 496 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total operating expenses | | | 12,533 | | | 1,995 | | | | | | | | 14,528 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Operating income (loss) | | | (10,560 | ) | | 4,445 | | | | | | | | 1,947 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Other (income) expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expense | | | 2,888 | | | 5,447 | | | (3,036 | ) | (c) | | | 5,299 | |
| Equity in loss of investee | | | 736 | | | — | | | | | | | | 736 | |
| Other expenses | | | 124 | | | — | | | | | | | | 124 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| | Total other (income) expenses | | | 3,748 | | | 5,447 | | | | | | | | 6,159 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (14,308 | ) | | (1,002 | ) | | | | | | | (4,212 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Income tax expense | | | (61 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (61 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Net loss from continuing operations | | | (14,369 | ) | | (1,002 | ) | | | | | | | (4,273 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Deemed dividend related to beneficial conversion feature and warrants | | | (9,000 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (9,000 | ) |
| Cash dividends paid to preferred stockholders | | | (341 | ) | | — | | | | | | | | (341 | ) |
Net loss from continuing operations applicable to common stockholders | | $ | (23,711 | ) | $ | (1,002 | ) | | | | | | $ | (13,614 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Basic and diluted loss per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Continuing operations, including dividends | | $ | (0.26 | ) | | — | | | | | | | $ | (0.13 | ) |
Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding | | | 92,919 | | | | | | 12,500 | | (h) | | | 105,419 | |
S-38
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED PRO FORMA COMBINED BALANCE SHEET
| | As of December 31, 2005
| |
---|
| | (thousands)
| |
---|
| | Rentech (Unaudited)
| | RCN (Audited)
| | Pro Forma Adjustments (Unaudited)
| |
| | Rentech and RCN Combined (Unaudited)
| |
---|
Assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 29,480 | | $ | 16 | | $ | 19,580 | | (h) | | $ | 49,076 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 1,126 | | | 2,137 | | | | | | | | 3,263 | |
Inventories | | | — | | | 18,216 | | | | | | | | 18,216 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 857 | | | 594 | | | | | | | | 1,451 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total current assets | | | 31,463 | | | 20,963 | | | | | | | | 72,006 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Property and equipment, net | | | 4,766 | | | 49,848 | | | 752 | | (g) | | | 55,366 | |
Deferred financing costs, net | | | — | | | 2,587 | | | (2,587 | ) | (f) | | | — | |
Other assets | | | 5,156 | | | 5,752 | | | 3,750 | | (h) | | | 14,658 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total other assets | | | 9,922 | | | 58,187 | | | | | | | | 70,024 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Total assets | | $ | 41,385 | | $ | 79,150 | | | | | | | $ | 142,030 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash overdraft | | $ | — | | $ | 33 | | | | | | | $ | 33 | |
Accounts payable | | | 364 | | | 1,003 | | | | | | | | 1,367 | |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | | | 1,758 | | | 1,314 | | | | | | | | 3,072 | |
Lines of credit payable | | | 499 | | | — | | | | | | | | 499 | |
Current portion of long-term debt | | | 605 | | | — | | | | | | | | 605 | |
Current portion of long-term convertible debt | | | 766 | | | — | | | | | | | | 766 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total current liabilities | | | 3,992 | | | 2,350 | | | | | | | | 6,342 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Long-term debt, net of current portion | | | 1,119 | | | 43,500 | | | (43,500 | ) | (e) | | | 1,119 | |
Long-term convertible debt, net of current portion | | | 743 | | | — | | | 50,000 | | (h) | | | 50,743 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 510 | | | 23,643 | | | (23,626 | ) | (e) | | | 527 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total long-term liabilities | | | 2,372 | | | 67,143 | | | | | | | | 52,389 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total liabilities | | | 6,364 | | | 69,493 | | | | | | | | 58,731 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Common stock | | | 1,173 | | | — | | | 125 | | (h) | | | 1,298 | |
Additional paid in capital | | | 101,485 | | | 17,313 | | | 30,840 | | (e)(f)(g)(h) | | | 149,638 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (67,637 | ) | | (7,656 | ) | | 7,656 | | (f) | | | (67,637 | ) |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
| Total stockholders' equity | | | 35,021 | | | 9,657 | | | | | | | | 83,299 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | $ | 41,385 | | $ | 79,150 | | | | | | | $ | 142,030 | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| |
S-39
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED PRO FORMA
COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1—Pro Forma Adjustments
- (a)
- Pro forma distribution margin increases in the amount of $7,152, $953 and $7,656 were made to net sales for the twelve and three months ended December 31, 2005 and the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 along with corresponding increases of $1,334, $285 and $1,499 to costs of sales. These adjustments represent the combined operating results of manufacturing and distributing nitrogen fertilizer products produced by RCN. Presently, all nitrogen fertilizer products manufactured by RCN are sold to Royster-Clark, Inc., its parent company and distributor, at a price which is below the final product sales price to which Royster-Clark, Inc. sells the products sourced from the plant to third party customers. The pro forma distribution margin adjustments reflect the price at which products sourced from RCN were sold to third party customers and represent the pricing that Rentech would expect to have received for the products sold from the plant during the periods presented.
- (b)
- The pro forma increases of $1,600, $325 and $2,000 to cost of sales for the twelve and three months ended December 31, 2005 and the twelve months ended September 30, 2005 represent the estimated total cost of sales and marketing that Rentech would have paid to Royster-Clark, Inc. related to the marketing and distribution of nitrogen fertilizer products from the plant.
- (c)
- If the transaction had closed on October 1, 2005 and 2004, Rentech would have incurred $2,410, $605 and $2,411 in interest related to its $50,000 in convertible notes for the twelve and three months ended December 31, 2005 and for the twelve months ended September 30, 2005, and would not have incurred the $6,068, $1,843 and $5,447 in interest expense experienced by RCN during those periods. Therefore, pro forma decreases in interest expense during each of the three periods in the amount of $3,658, $1,240 and $3,036 adjust total pro forma interest expense for RCN to such amounts.
- (d)
- If the transaction had closed on October 1, 2005 and 2004, Rentech would have incurred approximately $2,780, $699 and $2,780 in depreciation expense for the twelve and three month periods ended December 31, 2005 and for the twelve month period ended September 30, 2005 related to the manufacturing machinery and equipment acquired. The pro forma decreases of $4,374, $1,545 and $3,905 to depreciation expense adjust total pro forma depreciation expense for RCN to such amounts.
- (e)
- Per the stock purchase agreement, Royster-Clark, Inc. will forgive the intercompany debt as well as the intercompany payable prior to closing. Therefore, a pro forma decrease to long-term debt, net of current portion of $43,500 and of $23,626 to other liabilities, along with a corresponding increase in additional paid in capital has been included.
- (f)
- As a result of the acquisition, a pro forma decrease in the accumulated deficit of RCN of $7,656 as well as a decrease of $2,587 in deferred acquisition costs resulting from RCN's Canadian purchase accounting was included along with a corresponding decrease in the additional paid in capital of RCN.
- (g)
- A pro forma purchase price of $75,000 was calculated by adding the $50,000 purchase price of the stock of RCN, estimated net working capital of $24,400 based upon RCN's balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 and estimated transaction costs of $600. The $75,000 pro forma purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as follows: $8,900 to land, $41,700 to machinery and equipment and $24,400 to the various asset and liability accounts that make up net working capital. The amount and allocation of the pro forma purchase price is subject to future refinement. As a result, a pro forma increase to property and
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equipment of $752 was included, thereby adjusting the total of RCN's property and equipment to $50,600, the sum of the fair value of land, machinery and equipment.
- (h)
- The pro forma purchase price of RCN would have been funded through a combination of $50,000 in convertible notes and $25,000 of the proceeds from the sale of 12,500 shares of Rentech's common stock for $52,250 at an assumed price of $4.18 per share. Therefore, an increase in long-term convertible debt of $50,000 was included along with an increase of $125 in common stock and an increase of $52,125 in additional paid in capital. The corresponding increase in cash of $102,250 was immediately reduced by $75,000 as a result of closing the acquisition and by $7,700 related to transaction costs.
Note 2—Pro Forma Assumptions
The unaudited condensed consolidated pro forma combined statement of operations reflects a net loss from continuing operations, and therefore does not reflect adjustments for income taxes. In addition, the impact of stock options, stock warrants, preferred stock and convertible debt was not included in the calculation of diluted loss per share as their effect was anti-dilutive.
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BUSINESS
Our Company
We were incorporated in 1981 to develop technologies that transform under-utilized energy resources into valuable and clean alternative fuels, chemicals and power. We have developed an advanced derivative of the well-established Fischer-Tropsch, or FT, process for manufacturing diesel fuel and other fuel products. The FT process was originally developed in Germany in the 1920s. Our proprietary application of the FT process, which we refer to as the Rentech Process, efficiently converts synthetic gas, referred to as syngas, derived from coal, petroleum coke or natural gas into liquid hydrocarbon products, including ultra high-quality diesel fuel and other fuel products.
Both the Rentech Process and the fuels it produces carry unique and differentiating characteristics which we believe will facilitate economic deployment of the Rentech Process in large scale commercial projects. First, since our process is able to utilize solids such as coal as a principal feedstock, we are able to take advantage of the relative stability of coal prices compared to other hydrocarbon-based feedstocks such as natural gas. Second, because the fuels derived from our proprietary process have a long shelf life and can be manufactured using domestic resources, they effectively address national security priorities framed by foreign control of oil reserves and limited domestic refining capacity. And third, because fuel produced by the Rentech Process is a clean-burning fuel which exceeds all current and promulgated environmental rules applicable to diesel engines and requires no new distribution infrastructure, we believe there are no restrictions on immediate and widespread adoption of FT fuels.
Our business historically has focused on the research and development of the Rentech Process and its licensing to third parties. During 2004, we decided to directly deploy our technology in select domestic projects in order to demonstrate commercial operation of the Rentech Process. We are planning initially to implement this strategy by purchasing Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc., which owns an operating natural gas-fed nitrogen fertilizer facility in East Dubuque, Illinois. The acquisition will allow us to commercially deploy the Rentech Process on an accelerated basis by using the existing infrastructure and systems of the facility. We intend to continue to operate the facility for the production of nitrogen fertilizer products while we execute a phased conversion to a commercial scale FT fuel production facility. In Phase 1 of the conversion, we intend to add a commercially available clean coal gasification module that converts coal into syngas for use in fertilizer production and to add a power plant generating energy from the excess steam produced in the coal gasification process. The converted facility is expected to be capable of producing enough power to meet all of its needs and to provide excess power for sale to the local grid. During Phase 1A of the conversion, we plan to add the Rentech Process to produce liquid hydrocarbon products, such as diesel and jet fuels, from the excess syngas produced from the coal gasification process. By converting the East Dubuque facility in this manner, we believe we can significantly enhance its profitability. We refer to the integration of the Rentech Process with the production of nitrogen fertilizer products and power as "polygeneration." We presently anticipate that Phases 1 and 1A of the conversion will cost approximately $750 million (including approximately $250 million of interest during construction, potential debt reserve requirements and other expenses) and approximately $60 million, respectively.
We intend to follow the conversion of the East Dubuque facility with other projects focusing on FT production and polygeneration opportunities involving small to medium sized facilities with a production capacity of up to 50,000 barrels of fuel per day. As part of this strategy, we are currently in the development stages for a project in Mississippi that would involve the construction of an FT facility on undeveloped land situated along the Mississippi River at the Port of Natchez. The site is located within the federally designated Hurricane Katrina Gulf opportunity "GO Zone." In addition to the East Dubuque and Natchez projects, we are pursuing opportunities with major coal mining companies to site and build FT facilities located at coal mines.
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Business Strategy
Our strategic objective is to establish the Rentech Process as the standard technological platform for coal-to-liquids production. Key elements of our strategy include:
Accelerate deployment of the Rentech Process by using existing infrastructure. By using the infrastructure already in place at the East Dubuque facility, we believe we can produce an FT facility that utilizes the Rentech Process in less time than would be required if we constructed an entirely new facility to manufacture a similar type and quantity of products. We believe the enhanced speed to market will provide an opportunity for us to set the standards for manufactured fuels to be used by end users. We also believe the project will enable us to establish our technology as an accepted and financeable platform for future facilities. We believe the acquisition and conversion of the East Dubuque facility to use coal as a feedstock and the addition of the Rentech Process to enable the facility to produce both nitrogen fertilizers and Fischer-Tropsch fuels can significantly improve the facility's economics by:
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- producing additional high-value products, including diesel fuel and other fuel products;
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- reducing the cost of the feedstock used at the facility, based on current market prices;
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- using the lower cost feedstock in a significantly more efficient fashion that reduces the amount of energy required to manufacture each unit of product;
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- increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer the facility can produce due to efficiencies gained by reducing the inert gases produced in the facility that would otherwise have to be purged; and
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- providing the ability to produce sufficient electrical power to operate the facility and to sell excess electricity to the market.
In addition, acquiring and converting the East Dubuque facility also will allow us to generate immediate revenues and cash flows by continuing operations while facility reconfiguration is underway.
Strategically build projects in the United States utilizing the Rentech Process. We intend to develop greenfield projects, which involve no existing infrastructure or process plant, where the design is both replicable and scalable. In addition to the East Dubuque and Natchez projects, we plan to focus on greenfield projects located at coal mines. We believe we will be able to leverage the engineering, design and construction associated with each facility, thereby reducing the required capital and technical resources for each subsequent project. We will target projects where the scale-up opportunities are such that, over time, we can achieve production capacity of up to 50,000 barrels per day of FT fuels. While our technology would enable us to pursue larger projects, we believe that small to medium sized projects require less capital and development time. For example, we are pursuing a greenfield project situated along the Mississippi River at the Port of Natchez. We are presently negotiating site agreements and formalizing development plans. However, there is no assurance the Natchez Project will proceed as presently contemplated.
Extend the reach of Rentech technology through licensing. We plan to continue to market the licensing of our technology for coal and other carbon bearing feedstock to enhance the deployment and acceptance of our technology. We believe that our successful commercialization of the Rentech Process will enhance our licensing opportunities, resulting in additional revenue streams.
Under a typical licensing arrangement, we would expect to have the right to receive license fees and ongoing royalties for hydrocarbons produced by process plants that use the Rentech Process. We would also expect to receive fees for providing catalyst and technical services to licensees. After we grant a license, our licensees are responsible for financing, constructing and operating their own facilities to use the licensed technology. They must also acquire their own feedstock and sell the products that their facilities produce. We generally would expect licensees to either construct the syngas
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reactor modules and separator modules under our direction and oversight or to contract with us to have our fabricator supply these units for purchase or lease.
In January 2006, we entered into a master license agreement with DKRW-Advanced Fuels LLC, which we refer to as DKRW-AF, for the use of the Rentech Process. The master license agreement provides that if DKRW-AF wishes to build a coal to liquids facility in any domestic or international location, they are obligated to use our technology and to enter into a separate site license agreement for such project. Concurrent with the execution of the master license agreement, we entered into a site license agreement with Medicine Bow Fuel & Power, LLC, or MBF&P, a wholly-owned subsidiary of DKRW-AF, for the use of the our technology in the facility to be constructed by MBF&P in Medicine Bow, Wyoming. The site license agreement provides that MBF&P shall have the obligation to buy the catalyst developed by us from us or our designated suppliers pursuant to a separate supply agreement to be entered into. Pursuant to the site license agreement, we will receive license fees based on plant production capacity, payable in stages as DKRW-AF achieves certain milestones, including receiving a full funding commitment for developing and building such plant and commencing operation, subject to performance and other obligations on our part. The achievement of these milestones is expected to take several years.
Continue investment in our research and development program. We intend to continue to invest in advancing our technology. We own a development and testing laboratory located in Denver, Colorado, which includes a pilot plant consisting of a bubble column slurry reactor. The laboratory contains equipment and support facilities that provide us with a resource for the continued development and testing of our Fischer-Tropsch technology. Our laboratory and engineering staff currently consists of 23 permanent and contract employees.
Our principal research and development efforts at our laboratory are now focused on increasing the efficiency of our catalyst and validating our ability to effectively remove catalysts from our wax based intermediate product streams. We are also developing additional catalysts attempting to further increase the amount of the feedstock that is converted into liquid hydrocarbons, and working on other ways of reducing the cost of our process. Our research efforts are focused on supporting our goal of achieving commercial use of the Rentech Process with as many types of hydrocarbon feedstocks as are available.
Our product development unit, or PDU, currently being developed on a site we own in Commerce City, Colorado, will serve as a platform to allow us to remain a leader in alternative fuels technology. We are preparing to build and operate on the site what we believe will be the United States' first fully integrated Fischer-Tropsch, coal-to-liquids, product development unit research facility, which will eventually house our existing pilot plant and research and development and engineering teams. This facility would produce ultra-clean diesel fuel and other fuel products from various domestic coals, petroleum coke and biomass feedstocks on a demonstration scale, utilizing clean coal gasification technologies and the Rentech Process. With the PDU in operation, we believe we will be able to optimize the operating conditions of the FT synthesis and upgrading section for producing different specialized cuts of fuels. The products from the facility will be used to supply test quantities of FT fuels to potential licensees and customers. We expect the PDU to be operating by early to mid 2007, and to cost approximately $30 million.
Our Proprietary Rentech Process
Our proprietary Rentech Process is a significant enhancement of the Fischer-Tropsch technology originally developed in Germany in the 1920s. Prior to application of the Rentech Process, hydrocarbon feedstocks are first reformed by various commercially available processes into syngas. The syngas is then converted through the Rentech Process into differentiated liquid hydrocarbon products in a reactor vessel containing Rentech's patented and proprietary catalyst, and then upgraded with
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commercially available refining processes. We believe the ability of the Rentech Process to efficiently utilize a broad range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, including coal and other lower priced feedstocks, distinguishes it from competing technologies. In October 2003, we obtained a United States patent for the efficient integration of the Rentech Process with nitrogen fertilizer processes.
The Rentech Process can be used with fossil fuels like coal, petroleum coke and natural gas. In addition to coal-to-liquids markets, other potential markets for the Rentech Process include unused natural gas supplies associated with crude oil fields that are presently being flared, re-injected into the reservoir or merely left in the ground due to the lack of economic or practical means to transport these resources to market. We believe that the Rentech Process can be used for on-site conversion of these resources into liquid hydrocarbon products that are more easily and cost-effectively transported to market. Increasing environmental and regulatory pressures to reduce the wasteful flaring of natural gas, the economic attractiveness of monetizing wasted assets, and the growing need for cleaner fuels are driving the growing interest of owners of these hydrocarbon resources and the energy industry in this application of the Rentech Process. Our technology could also enable refineries to more fully utilize heavier crude oil in addition to petroleum coke to produce an improved slate of higher-value products. Potential benefits to the refiner include lower refinery feedstock costs, higher revenue and a reduction in waste disposal costs leading to increased margins. The Rentech Process also has applications in the conversion of existing facilities that produce nitrogen fertilizers, industrial off-gases or petrochemicals.
Competitive Strengths
Advanced Fischer-Tropsch Technology. We believe the ability of the Rentech Process to efficiently utilize a broad range of hydrocarbon feedstocks, including coal and other lower priced feedstocks, distinguishes it from other FT technologies. Other key aspects of our technology are our patented and proprietary catalyst, reactor design and the overall configuration of the process. We believe our iron catalyst is a superior FT technology as it requires lower capital costs for the conversion of solids and reduces operating costs compared to cobalt-based catalysts.
Abundant Low Cost Coal Reserves. We believe that we have a competitive advantage because the Rentech Process uses abundantly available coal as feedstock. In the United States, there are vast deposits of coal (approximately 500 billion tons of proven reserves), which represent approximately 97% of the domestic fossil energy reserves on an energy equivalent basis according to the United States Department of Energy. The United States produces more than one-fifth of the world's coal and is the second largest coal producer in the world, exceeded only by China. In 2004, total coal production in the United States as estimated by the United States Department of Energy was 1.1 billion tons. Due to the extensive supply, coal prices have been historically stable compared to prices for oil and natural gas in the United States, which reached record levels in 2005.
Significant Growth Potential for Clean Fuels. The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, or the CAAA, established several programs in order to improve air quality by, among other things, imposing restrictions on the emissions of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere. As a means to address common sources of air pollution such as automobiles, trucks and electric power plants, the CAAA encourages the development and sale of alternative fuels as the United States attempts to meet national air quality standards. In addition, beginning in 2006, the United States Environmental Protection Agency will start to phase-in a program to reduce the permissible sulfur content in highway diesel fuel from 500 parts per million to 15 parts per million. Furthermore, California has promulgated state-specific standards to reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuel. FT diesel fuel produced using the Rentech Process is a low-sulfur, clean-burning fuel, and should therefore be attractive to users.
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Proven Coal Gasification Technology. Gasification offers the cleanest, most efficient method available to produce syngas from feedstocks such as coal, petroleum coke, high sulfur fuel oil or materials that would otherwise be disposed as waste. Gasification has been in commercial use for more than fifty years as a process technology for the refining, chemical and power industries. Over the ten year period between 1990 and 1999 world gasification capacity grew by 50%, with forty-three new facilities coming on line. Coal and petroleum-based materials provide the vast majority of feedstocks for world gasification capacity, making up 80% of the capacity added between 1990 and 1999.
Strong Government Support. In 2000, Congress designated liquid fuels from domestic coal and natural gas as an "alternative fuel" under the Energy Policy Act of 1992. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 set the stage for incentives under the Highway Reauthorization and Excise Tax Simplification Act of 2005, which provides a $0.50 per gallon fuel excise tax credit for FT fuels from coal. The Energy Policy Act of 2005, or the EPACT 2005, also provides for a 20% tax credit for qualifying gasification projects and authorizes grants for gasification and gasification coproduction. In addition, EPACT 2005 authorizes comprehensive loan guarantees up to 80% of the project cost for deployment and commercialization of innovative technologies. We anticipate that our proposed projects may qualify for us to receive grants, loan guarantees and other incentives under EPACT 2005.
Experienced Management. We have assembled a team of professionals with over 100 years of experience in the industry. Our Chief Executive Officer, D. Hunt Ramsbottom, has 25 years of experience operating growth stage companies. Our Chief Operating Officer, Douglas M. Miller, has over of 20 years of experience in the energy industry, most recently as a senior executive with Unocal Corporation.
Fischer-Tropsch Technology
The Fischer-Tropsch process that is the basis of our technology is one step in the three stage chemical process by which carbon-bearing materials are converted into synthetic liquid hydrocarbons. The three stages are described below.
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- In the first stage, a commercially available technology such as clean coal gasification converts carbon-bearing material into syngas, which is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Oxygen is usually added for the efficient conversion of any solid or liquid feedstock. The addition of oxygen may also be necessary in Fischer-Tropsch processes that use gaseous feedstocks, depending on the technology selected, to reform the gaseous feedstocks into the desired composition of syngas.
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- In the second stage, the syngas is fed through a Fischer-Tropsch reactor and chemically altered in the presence of a catalyst to form synthetic liquid hydrocarbon products. The catalyst is either iron-based, as is the case in the Rentech Process, or cobalt-based. This stage is where the Rentech Process is applied.
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- In the third stage, the synthetic hydrocarbon products are then upgraded on site with a commercially available refining technology by distillation or other conventional processing steps to the specifications required for the target market.
The Fischer-Tropsch process was first used in Germany during World War II in commercial-scale industrial facilities constructed with government funding. These facilities used coal as feedstock for the syngas and primarily produced diesel fuel. After World War II, others, notably the South African government, the United States Bureau of Mines and several companies in the United States, began research and development for improvements to the Fischer-Tropsch process. South Africa's effort led to the Fischer-Tropsch process now owned by South African Synthetic Oil, Ltd., or Sasol. Sasol's process is used at four facilities in South Africa that, according to published reports, produce a total of
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approximately 160,000 barrels per day of liquid hydrocarbons, primarily from coal, using an iron-based catalyst.
The efforts to develop advances in FT technology in the United States were abandoned by the 1960s because conventionally refined liquid hydrocarbons were available in the United States at costs lower than FT synthetic fuels. The OPEC oil embargo of 1973 created fuel shortages, especially in the United States, renewing interest by several companies in Fischer-Tropsch technology. Several companies, including ours, began work in the 1970s and 1980s to develop proprietary FT processes. Other companies that we believe began developing FT processes during that time include ExxonMobil, the Royal Dutch/Shell group, Statoil and BP. We believe that except for Sasol and us, which use iron-based catalysts in their Fischer-Tropsch processes, the other FT processes developed since World War II use cobalt-based catalysts.
Development of the Rentech Process
We developed our Fischer-Tropsch technology in the early 1980s, based on research and development conducted by two of our founders, Dr. Charles Benham and Dr. Mark Bohn. The ability of the Rentech Process to convert syngas into valuable liquid hydrocarbons has been demonstrated over the course of our history.
Use of the Rentech Process in a Fischer-Tropsch facility was successfully demonstrated in 1992 and 1993 at the Synhytech facility located at Pueblo, Colorado. The Synhytech facility was designed to produce up to 235 barrels of liquid hydrocarbons per day. Our licensee, Fuel Resources Development Company, or Fuelco, had full control of the supply of syngas and the construction and operation of the facility. We designed the Fischer-Tropsch reactors and provided our catalyst for use in the FT reactors. Fuelco constructed the facility at the Pueblo municipal landfill, with the intent of using, at minimal cost, the methane in the landfill gas that was generated each day from the decomposition of the landfill material. Although the Rentech Process performed as expected to produce liquid hydrocarbons, Fuelco determined that the volume and the energy content of the landfill gas it captured were inadequate to operate the facility on an economic basis, and thus ceased operation of the facility.
We obtained ownership and control of the Synhytech facility in 1993. In order to further evaluate performance of the Rentech Process, we decided to operate the facility for a short period of time using natural gas supplied by pipeline as the feedstock. In July and August 1993, we operated the facility continuously for three weeks. The results confirmed that the Rentech Process operated successfully and our ability to produce the desired products. We closed the Synhytech facility at the end of 1993 because no cost-efficient source of natural gas feedstock was available.
Our technology was also successfully used by Texaco Energy Systems at a facility in Laporte, Texas in 2000. Texaco leased the use of this facility from the United States Department of Energy on a short-term basis to conduct a joint demonstration with us of the results of using the Rentech Process with Texaco's gasification process. The Laporte facility had the capacity to produce approximately ten barrels of product per day using the Rentech Process.
Competition in Fischer-Tropsch Technology
The development of Fischer-Tropsch technology for the production of liquid hydrocarbon products like ours is highly competitive. Several major integrated oil companies, as well as several smaller companies, have developed or are developing competing technologies. The United States Department of Energy has also sponsored a number of research programs in Fischer-Tropsch technology. Advances by others in their Fischer Tropsch technology might lower the cost of processes that compete with the Rentech Process. Our ability to create and maintain technological advantages is critical to our future success.
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Developing commercial FT technology requires significant capital and time, which we believe provides a material barrier to competitors. The fundamental differences between the various FT technologies developed by us and our competitors are the catalyst, the syngas reactors where the syngas reacts with the catalyst, our patented process for separating iron catalyst from the wax product used in the reaction chamber (which permits the catalyst to be re-used), and our focus on small to medium sized facilities with a production capacity of up to 50,000 barrels of FT fuel per day. Because it uses an iron-based catalyst, the Rentech Process can use a wide range of feedstock to produce the syngas necessary for the FT process. FT technologies that use cobalt-based catalysts can be used to convert syngas produced from coal and petroleum coke; however, due to their sensitivity to impurities in the syngas stream that coal and petroleum coke gasification units may produce, the expensive cobalt catalyst can be damaged. Such a facility requires the addition of expensive equipment that would likely cause reduced product yields and increased capital and operating costs. As a result, our ability to compete with FT technologies that use cobalt-based catalysts is, instead, significantly dependant on the relative cost of coal to natural gas as feedstock.
One of our competitors, Sasol, uses an iron-based catalyst at four facilities in South Africa that, according to published reports, produce a total of approximately 160,000 barrels per day of liquid hydrocarbons, primarily from coal. Sasol's published reports of its licensing activity suggest to us that its current business strategy is to focus on licensing its cobalt-based technology for use with natural gas feedstock, and that the use of its iron based catalyst is preferred for use in large-scale facilities (greater than 70,000 barrels per day) where coal is to be the feedstock for the facility. In contrast, our focus on facilities with production capacities of up to 50,000 barrels per day of FT fuels will require less capital and development time.
Sources of Feedstocks for the Rentech Process
Economic use of the Rentech Process requires substantial quantities of inexpensive carbon-bearing solids or gasses that can be economically converted into syngas. We believe that coal, which is available in great quantities in the United States, is the best source of feedstock for the Rentech Process in the United States. Based on current market prices, we believe we can obtain and gasify a wide-variety of coal types to produce the syngas that we use in the Rentech Process at significantly lower costs than if we were to use a natural gas feedstock.
In the United States, there are vast deposits of coal (approximately 500 billion tons of proven reserves), which represent approximately 97% of the domestic fossil energy reserves on an energy equivalent basis according to the United States Department of Energy. The United States produces more than one-fifth of the world's coal and is the second largest coal producer in the world, exceeded only by China. In 2004, total coal production in the United States as estimated by the United States Department of Energy was 1.1 billion tons. Due to the extensive supply, coal prices have been historically stable compared to prices for oil and natural gas in the United States, which reached record levels in 2005.
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The following graph charts the relative cost per million British thermal unit, or mmbtu, of coal to natural gas from January 1, 1996 to January 1, 2006 as reported by the New York Mercantile Exchange and Bloomberg, L.P.
![GRAPHIC](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g110335.jpg)
Other potential feedstocks for the Rentech Process include heavy crude oil and heavy, high-sulfur residual materials created as a byproduct of the crude oil refining process. These residual materials are commonly referred to as petroleum coke or refinery bottoms. Some petroleum coke, unless treated at considerable expense, must be disposed of as a hazardous material. If the residues are gasified, or transformed into syngas for use in the Rentech Process, they could be converted by our process into higher-value FT products.
Products and Markets for Liquid Hydrocarbon Products
Facilities using the Rentech Process can be designed and configured to produce a variety of liquid hydrocarbon products. Our synthetic liquid hydrocarbon products are similar to analogous products derived from crude oil refining, but have environmental benefits that conventional petroleum-based refinery products do not possess.
The products we can produce using the Rentech Process include:
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- clean-burning, premium grade diesel fuel that is valuable as both a stand-alone product and a blending component;
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- clean-burning, manufactured jet fuels for the United States military;
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- naphthas useful as a feedstock for chemical processing;
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- specialty products such as waxes useful in hot-melt adhesives, inks and coatings;
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- normal paraffins; and
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- other wax-based products and a variety of other chemical intermediaries.
Because of the way they are produced, our liquid hydrocarbon products are substantially free of contaminants usually found in crude oil, such as sulfur, aromatics, nitrogen and heavy metals. Vehicle engine tests of synthetic diesel product conducted by independent labs have demonstrated that our synthetic diesel fuel is clean-burning with excellent combustion qualities, and substantially reduces harmful air emissions from vehicles. Our diesel fuel can be used directly or as a blending component with conventionally refined petroleum diesel to reduce harmful emissions. Moreover, we believe our diesel fuel can be used in currently available diesel engines without requiring any modifications to the engines. We also believe that our ultra-clean diesel fuel and other fuel products may be good
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feedstocks for use in fuel cells such as those that are currently under development, although we do not expect that market to develop in the near future.
Clean Air Regulations
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, or the CAAA, established several programs in order to improve air quality by, among other things, imposing restrictions on the emissions of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere. As a means to address common sources of air pollution such as automobiles, trucks and electric power plants, the CAAA encourages the development and sale of alternative fuels as the nation attempts to meet national air quality standards. In addition, beginning in 2006, the United States Environmental Protection Agency will start to phase-in a program to reduce the permissible sulfur content in highway diesel fuel from 500 parts per million to 15 parts per million. Furthermore, California has promulgated state-specific standards to reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuel. FT diesel fuel produced using the Rentech Process is a low-sulfur, clean-burning fuel, and should therefore be attractive to users.
Government Incentives
In 2000, Congress designated domestically produced Fischer-Tropsch fuels made from natural gas as an alternative fuel under the Energy Policy Act of 1992. This act also designates liquid fuels from coal as an "alternative fuel."
The Energy Policy Act of 2005, or EPACT 2005, provides for tax credits, grants, loan guarantees and other incentives to stimulate coal gasification into Fischer-Tropsch fuels and chemicals. EPACT 2005 provides a 20% tax credit for qualifying gasification projects, including by entities which produce chemicals, fertilizers, glass, steel, and for forest products. In order to qualify for the tax credit, coal must comprise at least 90% of fuels required for "production of chemical feedstocks, liquid transportation fuels or coproduction of electricity." EPACT 2005 also authorizes grants for gasification and gasification co-production, which includes the production of Fischer-Tropsch fuels, fertilizer and electricity, as well as comprehensive loan guarantees up to 80% of the project cost for deployment and commercialization of innovative technologies including gasification projects and gasifying coal to produce"ultra-clean premium fuels through Fischer-Tropsch process." EPACT 2005 incentives may be used together with tax credits provided by the statute. EPACT 2005 also provides a temporary election to expense up to 50% of qualified refinery costs, including those for a facility which processes coal via gas into liquid fuel. To qualify, there must be a binding construction contract before January 1, 2008 and the refinery must be placed in service before January 1, 2012. We anticipate that our proposed projects may qualify for us to receive grants, loan guarantees and other incentives under EPACT 2005.
EPACT 2005 requires the Secretary of Defense to develop a strategy to use fuel produced from coal, tar sands and shale and authorizes the Department of Defense to enter multi-year procurement contracts.
The Highway Reauthorization and Excise Tax Simplification Act of 2005 also provides a $0.50 per gallon fuel excise tax credit for "any liquid fuel derived from coal (including peat) through the Fischer-Tropsch process."
We believe the projects to deploy product developed with the Rentech Process may in appropriate circumstances be eligible for one of more of the above incentives.
Acquisition of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc.
On November 5, 2005, we entered into a definitive stock purchase agreement with Royster-Clark for the purchase of all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc., or RCN. Under the terms of the agreement, subject to obtaining sufficient financing and
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the approval of our shareholders and other customary conditions, we will pay $50 million for the stock of RCN, plus an amount equal to RCN's closing net working capital as defined in the agreement. As of March 30, 2006, our estimate of what RCN's working capital will be at the time of closing was $20.5 million. For tax purposes, the transaction will qualify under Section 338(h)(10) of the Internal Revenue Code, which will entitle us to a tax basis in RCN's assets equal to our purchase price.
RCN owns and operates a nitrogen manufacturing facility, located in East Dubuque, Illinois. The facility has the capacity to produce approximately 830 tons of ammonia per day. We intend to continue to operate the facility as a natural gas fed nitrogen fertilizer facility while converting it to use a coal fed gasification process using Illinois coal as feedstock, although temporary shut-downs may be necessary or advisable for development or economic reasons.
Conversion of East Dubuque Facility
We will convert the facility in phases, the construction of which will overlap. In Phase 1 of the conversion, we intend to add a commercially available clean coal gasification module that converts coal into syngas for use in fertilizer production. We expect the conversion will allow us to capture the price differential between natural gas and coal and produce fertilizers more cost effectively. Phase 1 will also include the construction of a power plant which will capture the waste heat from the coal gasification process. The converted facility will be capable of producing enough power to meet all of its needs and to provide excess power for sale to the local grid. By converting the facility, we expect to improve the economic return from its operations. In addition, after conversion the facility is expected to produce an additional 90 tons of ammonia per day, which is the building block for various nitrogen fertilizer products. After completion of Phase 1, the East Dubuque facility is expected to purchase approximately 1,560 tons of coal per day on a fixed contract basis. We currently estimate the cost to complete Phase 1 to be approximately $750 million (including approximately $250 million of interest during construction, potential debt reserve requirements and other expenses).
In Phase 1A, we will add a FT plant using the Rentech Process. We expect the addition of the Rentech Process will enable the facility to produce approximately 1,800 barrels per day of FT liquid hydrocarbon products, primarily ultra-clean diesel fuel, requiring an additional approximately 1,040 tons of coal per day. We estimate that it will cost approximately $60 million to construct the FT plant.
We expect that the financing for Phase 1 of the project would be raised at the project level and that the financing for Phase 1A would be raised at the project or Rentech level. We presently expect commercial operations of Phases 1 and 1A to commence by 2010.
Following start-up of commercial FT production, we anticipate that we will develop Phase 2, which will consist of adding additional coal gasification and FT capacity resulting in an increase of approximately 5,000 barrels per day of FT fuel.
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The following graphics depict the current and proposed manufacturing process at the East Dubuque facility:
East Dubuque Facility
Current Manufacturing Process
![GRAPHIC](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g837515.jpg)
East Dubuque Facility
Integrated Manufacturing Process (after Completion of Phases 1 and 1A)
![GRAPHIC](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g320583.jpg)
Distribution Agreement
Royster-Clark is one of the nation's largest retailers of fertilizers and a broad line of agricultural products. It has agreed to continue to provide exclusive sales and marketing services for all the fertilizer products produced at the facility pursuant to an initial ten-year distribution agreement we are to enter into with Royster-Clark at the closing of the acquisition of RCN. The distribution agreement will require Royster-Clark to use its commercially reasonable efforts to promote the sale of and to purchase from us all of the nitrogen fertilizer products manufactured at the East Dubuque facility and
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to negotiate in good faith with us from time to time regarding the purchase and sale of the products. In the event we are not able to reach an agreement with respect to the purchase and sale of specific nitrogen products, then we would have the right to sell the nitrogen products to third parties if certain price and other conditions are met. Under the distribution agreement, we would be obligated to pay Royster-Clark a commission on nitrogen products sold by it, or by us, to third parties equal to a percentage of the applicable sales price, subject to a cap specified in the distribution agreement for the initial ten-year term of the agreement.
Business of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc.
The following description relates to the business of RCN as presently conducted by Royster-Clark.
RCN's manufacturing facility in East Dubuque, Illinois is designed to produce anhydrous ammonia, nitric acid, ammonium nitrate solution, liquid and granular urea, nitrogen solutions (urea ammonium nitrate solution, or UAN) and carbon dioxide using natural gas as a feedstock. East Dubuque is located in the northwest corner of Illinois, and the facility is located on a 100 foot bluff above the Mississippi River with access to the river for loading certain products through RCN-owned loading facilities.
The facility operates continuously, except for planned shutdowns for maintenance and efficiency improvements, and has historically operated at full capacity except for temporary cutbacks or shutdowns for maintenance or extraordinary market conditions. The facility can optimize the product mix according to swings in demand and pricing for its various products. In 2005, the facility produced approximately 0.9 million tons of these products, compared to approximately 1.0 million tons in 2004. Some products were sold as produced, and others were consumed in the production of upgraded nitrogen products. Final products shipped from the facility during 2005 totaled approximately 365,000 tons of ammonia and upgraded nitrogen products, compared to approximately 498,000 tons in 2004. Carbon dioxide shipments totaled approximately 86,000 tons and 109,000 tons in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The following table sets forth the East Dubuque facility's current rated production capacity for the listed nitrogen fertilizer products in tons per day.
Plant
| | Capacity (tons per day)
|
---|
Ammonia | | 830 |
UAN Blending | | 1,100 |
Ammonium nitrate | | 600 |
Urea synthesis | | 400 |
Urea granulation | | 140 |
Nitric acid (2 plants) | | 380 |
CO2 | | 650 |
RCN's product sales are heavily weighted toward anhydrous ammonia and UAN, which typically make up over 80% of total revenues. Products sold include anhydrous ammonia, UAN, nitric acid, carbon dioxide and granular and liquid urea. All of its products are sold to subsidiaries of Royster-Clark with the exception of carbon dioxide which is sold to industrial customers, generally on a contract basis. Although anhydrous ammonia and UAN are often interchangeable, each has its own characteristics, and customer product preferences vary according to the crop planted, soil and weather
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conditions, regional farming practices, relative prices and the cost and availability of appropriate storage, handling and application equipment. A more detailed description of its products follows below:
Anhydrous Ammonia. RCN produces anhydrous ammonia (often referred to simply as "ammonia"), the simplest form of nitrogen fertilizer and the feedstock for the production of other nitrogen fertilizers. Ammonia is produced by reacting natural gas with steam and air at high temperatures and pressures in the presence of catalysts. The ammonia processing unit has a current rated capacity of 830 tons per day. Ammonia product storage consists of two 20,000 ton tanks. Ammonia is used in the production of all other products produced by the facility, except for carbon dioxide.
Ammonia contains 82% nitrogen by weight and is generally the least expensive form of fertilizer per pound of nitrogen. However, because it is a gas that must be kept under pressure and refrigerated, ammonia is more costly to store, ship and apply than other nitrogen fertilizer products and must be applied in the fall during cool weather after harvest, in the spring just before planting or as side dress after the plant emerges. When used as a fertilizer, ammonia must be injected into the soil by specialized equipment, and soil conditions can limit its application.
UAN. UAN is produced by combining urea solution and ammonium nitrate solution. An aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate, referred to as AN, an intermediate in UAN manufacture, is produced in a separate AN unit by neutralizing nitric acid with ammonia. No solid ammonium nitrate is produced in the facility. UAN is a liquid fertilizer and, unlike ammonia, is odorless and does not need to be refrigerated or pressurized when transported or stored. The East Dubuque facility maintains two UAN storage tanks having a combined storage capacity of 80,000 tons.
As a liquid, UAN has many advantages over solid fertilizers and ammonia. UAN may be applied more uniformly than non-liquid products and may be mixed with various crop protection products or other nutrients, permitting the farmer to apply several materials simultaneously, thus reducing energy and labor costs. In addition, UAN, unlike ammonia, may be applied from ordinary tanks and trucks and can be applied to the soil either through spraying, injecting or through irrigation systems throughout the growing season. Moreover, due to its stable nature, UAN can be a preferred fertilizer choice for crops requiring soil surface applications (such as no-till row crops).
Urea. Urea product is produced through the reaction of ammonia with carbon dioxide at high pressure and temperatures creating a molten product called Urea solution at a nitrogen concentration of approximately 80%. Urea solution can be further processed through the urea granulation plant to create dry granular urea (46% nitrogen concentration) for sale to trade, used for the production of UAN or sold directly to trade customers in its state as a urea solution. The facility has a 12,000 ton capacity bulk warehouse which may be used for dry bulk granular urea storage.
Nitric Acid. RCN produces nitric acid through two separate nitric acid plants. Nitric acid is produced through the catalytic combustion of ammonia vapor in air over a platinum-rhodium (precious metals) gauze and absorption of the nitric oxide in weak acid. Nitric acid is either sold to third parties or used within the facility for the production of ammonium nitrate solution, as an intermediate from which UAN is produced. Limited storage capacity is currently available at the facility, but sufficient storage is available for efficient product loading. Storage capacity has not been a limiting factor in the sales of nitric acid.
Carbon Dioxide. Carbon dioxide, or CO2, is a co-manufactured gaseous product in the manufacture of ammonia (approximately 1.1 tons of CO2 per ton of ammonia). Most plants vent the gas from their ammonia production to the atmosphere. The East Dubuque facility has developed a market for the CO2 through conversion to a purified food grade liquid carbon dioxide. The CO2 is purified, compressed and chilled to condensing conditions. It is stored as a saturated liquid for later sale to various industrial customers. The facility is a certified producer of food grade liquid CO2 for the
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soft drink industry. The facility has storage capacity of approximately 1,900 tons of CO2. Negotiated contract agreements for CO2 allows for regular shipment of CO2 twelve months a year, so the current storage capacity is adequate.
RCN sells all its products, with the exception of CO2, to Royster-Clark. Royster-Clark sells the products to either wholesale or retail agricultural customers or in the case of industrial nitrogen products, primarily nitric acid, to industrial customers. CO2 is marketed by staff at the facility, generally on a contract basis. Sales to Royster-Clark accounted for over 71% of RCN's 2005 sales.
Revenue contributions of RCN's principal products for each of its last three fiscal years appear in the table below.
| | Year ended December 31,
|
---|
| | 2005
| | 2004
| | 2003
|
---|
| | (unaudited)
|
---|
| | (thousands)
|
---|
Anhydrous ammonia | | $ | 31,181 | | $ | 42,070 | | $ | 35,947 |
Nitrogen solutions | | | 40,334 | | | 44,404 | | | 22,486 |
Granular and liquid urea | | | 6,832 | | | 5,443 | | | 4,253 |
Nitric acid | | | 1,901 | | | 1,963 | | | 1,898 |
Other | | | 55 | | | 36 | | | 34 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| Total product revenues to Royster-Clark | | | 80,303 | | | 93,916 | | | 64,618 |
Carbon dioxide and other revenue | | | 32,304 | | | 8,714 | | | 12,033 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| Total revenues | | $ | 112,607 | | $ | 102,630 | | $ | 76,651 |
| |
| |
| |
|
The fertilizer business is seasonal, based upon the planting, growing and harvesting cycles. Inventories must be accumulated to allow for uninterrupted customer deliveries, and require significant storage capacity. This inherent seasonality means that inventories must be accumulated to be available for seasonal sales. The accumulation of inventory has historically been financed by Royster-Clark through its credit facility, by customer prepayments and by suppliers. This seasonality generally results in higher fertilizer prices during peak periods, with prices normally reaching their highest point in the spring, decreasing in the summer, and increasing again in the fall as depleted inventories are restored. Another seasonal factor affecting the RCN is the ability to transport product via barges on the Mississippi River. During the winter, the Mississippi River is closed due to river blockage from ice formations. The river closure affects how RCN can transport its products and their profitability due to differences in transportation costs.
Nitrogen fertilizer price levels are influenced by world supply and demand for ammonia and nitrogen-based products. Long-term demand is affected by population growth and rising living standards that determine food consumption. Shorter-term demand is affected by world economic conditions and international trade decisions. Supply is affected by increasing worldwide capacity and the availability of nitrogen product imports from major producing regions such as the former Soviet Union, the Middle East, South America and Trinidad. During the period 2002-2003, favorable nitrogen prices in the industry spurred capacity additions in the form of new and expanded production facilities. These production changes and escalation of natural gas prices in 2005 have negatively impacted profitability of nitrogen manufacturing and has resulted in some curtailments or shutdowns of North American nitrogen manufacturing capacity. Many of these shutdowns are expected to be permanent.
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The principal raw material used to produce manufactured nitrogen products is natural gas. RCN has historically purchased natural gas for use in the facility in the spot market, through the use of forward purchase contracts, or a combination of both. Forward purchase contracts have historically been used to lock in pricing for a portion of the facility's natural gas requirements. These forward purchase contracts are generally either fixed-price or index-priced, short term in nature and for a fixed supply quantity. RCN is able to purchase natural gas at competitive prices due to its connection to the Northern Illinois Gas Company, or NICOR, distribution system and its proximity to the Northern Natural Gas pipeline. Natural gas purchases used in production were approximately 8.7 billion cubic feet in 2005 compared to approximately 10.4 billion cubic feet in 2004.
There has been a generally increasing trend in natural gas prices in the last three years due to various supply factors, including the increasing overall demand for natural gas from industrial users, which is affected, in part, by the general conditions of the United States economy, and other factors. Seasonal fluctuations exist within each year resulting from various supply and demand factors, such as the severity of winters affecting consumers' consumption for heating, and the severity of summers affecting industrial demand by utilities for electrical generation, among other factors. Volatility is also evidenced by price swings resulting from recent hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico where significant production of natural gas exists. RCN does not obtain supplies of natural gas from the Gulf of Mexico region; however, changes in levels of natural gas prices affected by supply factors related to this region or other supply factors and market prices of nitrogen products can materially affect RCN's financial position and results of operations. RCN has not experienced difficulties in securing supplies of natural gas. Natural gas has been purchased at market prices, which are subject to price volatility.
Natural gas is transported into the facility through a connection to the natural gas pipeline from NICOR. Products are shipped by barge, truck and rail. The facility can ship ammonia and UAN through a barge dock on the Mississippi River. The East Dubuque facility owns a rail spur that connects to the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway, or BNSF. The Canadian National Railway Company also services the East Dubuque facility and has rights to travel on the BNSF main line.
As of March 30, 2006, RCN employed approximately 29 non-unionized and salaried employees and approximately 84 unionized employees. RCN believes that it has good relations with its employees. Currently, RCN has one labor contract in place covering the 84 unionized employees. This contract is up for renewal in October 2006. RCN has not experienced work stoppages in the recent past.
Rentech's and RCN's facilities and operations must comply with a variety of United States federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and ordinances, including those governing and imposing liability for the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, the management and on-site and off-site disposal of chemicals, byproducts, including wastewater and spent catalyst, and hazardous wastes, worker health and safety, the investigation and cleanup of contamination at currently and formerly owned or operated sites, as well as third party sites that may have been impacted by Rentech's or RCN's operations, and for natural resource damages related to any releases of hazardous substances. For example, under CERCLA, we could be held strictly, jointly and severally liable for the removal and remediation of any hazardous substance contamination at our currently or formerly owned or operated facilities, at off-site properties (where migration of contamination from our facilities occurred) and at third party waste disposal sites at which our wastes were disposed. Because of Rentech's and RCN's
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operations, the history of industrial or commercial uses at Rentech's and RCN's currently and formerly owned and operated facilities, and the use, production, disposal and possible release of hazardous substances and wastes at or from those facilities, we may be subject to liability under environmental laws. We could also be subject to liability for personal injury based on human exposure to or natural resource damages from hazardous substances or wastes released or disposed of at or from Rentech's or RCN's currently or formerly owned or operated facilities.
In addition, some of Rentech's and RCN's operations require environmental permits and controls to prevent or limit pollution to the environment. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, civil or criminal fines, penalties or sanctions and third party claims for property damage or personal injury as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws and regulations or non-compliance with environmental permits. RCN's East Dubuque facility has experienced some level of regulatory scrutiny in the past and may be subject to further regulatory inspections, future requests for investigation relating to, or assertions of liability for, among other things, regulated materials management practices.
Future events, such as changes in existing laws and regulations or their interpretation, the discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions or contamination or the imposition of new cleanup requirements, may give rise to additional compliance costs or liabilities that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Compliance with more stringent laws or regulations, as well as stricter or different interpretations of existing laws, may require additional expenditures by us that could be material.
RCN competes with a number of domestic producers of nitrogen fertilizer products, many of which are larger and have access to lower cost sources of financing and greater resources than it does. Customers for nitrogen fertilizer products make purchasing decisions principally on the delivered price and availability of the product. If we acquire RCN, we plan to continue to operate its facility with natural gas as the feedstock until we complete the conversion of the facility to use coal. The market price for natural gas has been volatile. To the extent that prices of natural gas increase, it will be more difficult for us to maintain a competitive price position with respect to our competitors. In addition, after we are able to convert the facility to use coal as feedstock, increases in the price of coal could similarly adversely affect our competitive position.
Intellectual Property and Patents
We own 20 issued United States utility patents pertaining to the Rentech Process, which includes our Fischer-Tropsch processes, applications of our processes and the products produced, and the materials used in the Rentech Process. We also own four pending United States utility applications and four issued foreign patents in Europe and in countries such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Indonesia and India. Our patents claim the overall Rentech conversion process; a method for cracking produced waxes; a method of making and activating a promoted iron catalyst for use in slurry synthesis reactors; production of a synthetic oxygenated diesel fuel; use of our oxygenated diesel fuel as an additive to conventional diesel fuel; control of the tail gas from our process to maximize either the production of electricity from our tail gas, FT products or a near-pure form of carbon dioxide; and integration of the Rentech Process with nitrogen fertilizer facilities to enable them to co-produce nitrogen fertilizers, FT fuels, and electricity.
Use of the Rentech Process requires use of our iron-based catalyst, which we have patented. Two of our patents include key elements of a process that improves the carbon conversion efficiency of the Rentech Process.
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We currently have several pending United States and foreign patent applications which claim improvements to certain aspects of the Rentech Process. Moreover, we have registered the RENTECH mark with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, to identify and distinguish our services from those of other companies.
The term of a utility patent is generally twenty years from the date of filing an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. If priority of an earlier application or applications is claimed, the term can end twenty years from the filing date of the earliest of such earlier applications. Patents that are in force on or that will issue on an application that is filed before June 8, 1995 have a term that is the greater of the "twenty year term" noted above or seventeen years from the patent grant. Our first patent matured from an application that was filed in 1992 and expires seventeen years from grant. Our most recent application was filed in 2005.
We also maintain trade secrets and confidential proprietary information that we use in connection with our trademarked Rentech Process. The life of a trademark is indefinite as long as there is continual use of the mark. The term of our trade secrets and proprietary information is perpetual as long as we prevent public disclosure by keeping them secret and confidential and they are not discovered or reverse-engineered by others.
The success of our business, as well as that of our subsidiaries, depends upon the intellectual property that we own and use in the conduct of our business. We believe that our intellectual property gives us rights to exploit our technologies and to exclude others from making, using, selling or importing certain inventions throughout the United States without our consent. If we lost the rights to exploit or exclusively exploit an intellectual property asset, the financial results of our business and our overall financial results and prospects would be materially harmed.
Regulation
The ownership and operation of nitrogen fertilizer and alternative fuel facilities are subject to extensive United States federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, including those governing and imposing liability for the discharge of pollutants into the air and water, the management and on-site and off-site disposal of chemicals, byproducts, including waste water and spent catalyst, and hazardous wastes, worker health and safety, the investigation and cleanup of contamination at currently and formerly owned or operated sites, as well as third party sites that may have been impacted by Rentech's or RCN's operations, and for natural resource damages related to any releases of hazardous substances. For example, under CERCLA, we could be held strictly, jointly and severally liable for the removal and remediation of any hazardous substance contamination at our currently or formerly owned or operated facilities, at off-site properties (where migration of contamination from our facilities occurred) and at third party waste disposal sites at which our wastes were disposed. Because of Rentech's and RCN's operations, the history of industrial or commercial uses at Rentech's and RCN's currently and formerly owned and operated facilities, and the use, production, disposal and possible release of hazardous substances and wastes at or from those facilities, we may be subject to liability under environmental laws. We could also be subject to liability for personal injury based on human exposure to or natural resource damages from hazardous substances or wastes released or disposed of at or from Rentech's or RCN's currently or formerly owned or operated facilities.
In addition, some of Rentech's and RCN's operations require environmental permits and controls to prevent or limit pollution to the environment. Compliance with laws, regulations and requisite permits could require us to curtail our operations or increase costs of designing, installing and operating our nitrogen fertilizer and alternative fuel facilities. For example, emissions from those facilities may require the installation of costly pollution control equipment in order to meet applicable environment legal and permit requirements.
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Although we do not believe that compliance with environmental and health and safety laws and regulations and applicable environmental permit requirements in connection with our current operations or the operation of RCN's East Dubuque facility will have a material adverse effect on us, we cannot predict with certainty the future costs of complying with environmental laws, regulations and permit requirements or the costs that may be associated with investigation, remediating contamination or monitoring. RCN's East Dubuque facility has experienced some level of regulatory scrutiny in the past and may be subject to further regulatory inspections, future requests for investigation relating to, or assertions of liability for, among other things, regulated materials management practices. In the future, we could incur material liabilities or costs related to environmental matters, and these environmental liabilities or costs (including fines or other sanctions) could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
In addition, the engineering design and technical services we provide to our licensees are subject to governmental licensing requirements, which require that such services comply with certain professional standards and other requirements. We believe we have all required licenses to conduct our operations and are in substantial compliance with applicable regulatory requirements. However, the loss or revocation of any license or the limitation on any services thereunder could prevent us from conducting such services and could subject us to substantial fines. In addition, changes in these requirements could adversely affect us.
Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc.
In June 1999, we entered into the business of providing well logging services to the oil and gas industry through our purchase of the assets of two established and related companies that have been providing services in these fields since 1964. We are using the assets to continue these businesses through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc., or PML, with headquarters in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The services are provided to customers primarily located in Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico and Louisiana.
PML currently owns thirty-eight manned mobile well logging units that are moved from well to well and eighteen additional units, with four more under construction, that are remote controlled mobile well logging units that perform most of the same functions and can be operated without a human operator at the drill site full time. The logging equipment within these mobile units measures traces of gases and water throughout the depth of a well hole by analyzing the drilling mud recovered from the well as drilling progresses. The results are transmitted to customers and their geologists immediately, either by land lines or satellite uplink. The mineral owners use this information to detect the presence of oil and gas deposits in underground formations and to direct their exploration and development drilling. We believe we have been and will be able to favorably compete in this business because of our advanced technological capabilities, experienced staff and competitive prices from both manned and limited service units. Our mud logging units are well equipped mobile laboratories. Our units receive and automatically test data on site from the drill holes as a well is drilled.
During the past several years, demand for our logging services has increased, particularly for natural gas wells. We expect this trend to continue as exploration for natural gas intensifies due to increasing demand for that energy source. We plan to add more remote controlled units to meet a growing need for high-quality, cost-effective sensing solutions in specific geologic basins.
Our competitors in oil and gas field services include approximately 50 other companies. Several of these companies are divisions or subsidiaries of major oil and gas companies or other energy businesses. Those competitors have substantially more financial assets and other resources than we do. The units automatically analyze that information and rapidly communicate the results to the mineral owner. These capabilities give us advantages over most of our competitors by enabling the mineral owner and its geologists to direct the drilling without being at the site. During the past several years,
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we have upgraded PML's equipment and technology by adding safety features to provide advance warning to workers of potential gas blow-outs of a well on which they are working. This meets new safety standards adopted by several states. It provides PML a competitive advantage over most other mud logging companies that have not added this equipment.
Employees
As of March 30, 2006, we had 130 permanent and contract employees, of whom 17 work at our development and testing laboratory, and 91 at Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. If we succeed in acquiring the East Dubuque facility, we will initially have approximately 113 employees at that facility. When reconfigured, we expect the facility will have approximately 250 full-time employees.
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MANAGEMENT
Name
| | Age
| | Position(s)
|
---|
D. Hunt Ramsbottom | | 48 | | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director |
Dennis L. Yakobson | | 69 | | Director and Chairman |
Ronald C. Butz | | 68 | | Director |
Michael F. Ray | | 52 | | Director |
Thomas L. Bury | | 63 | | Director |
Halbert S. Washburn | | 46 | | Director |
Erich W. Tiepel | | 62 | | Director |
Douglas M. Miller | | 46 | | Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President |
Richard O. Sheppard | | 58 | | Senior Vice President, Project Development |
Charles B. Benham | | 69 | | Vice President, Research and Development |
Claude C. Corkadel, III | | 56 | | Vice President, Strategic Programs |
Peter S. Pedersen | | 52 | | Vice President, Technology |
Amanda M. Darby | | 38 | | General Counsel and Secretary |
Geoffrey S. Flagg | | 35 | | Chief Accounting Officer |
Jim D. Fletcher | | 60 | | President and General Manager of Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. |
D. Hunt Ramsbottom, Chief Executive Officer, President and director—Mr. Ramsbottom, age 48, was appointed our President and director on September 13, 2005 and Chief Executive Officer on December 15, 2005. Mr. Ramsbottom had been serving as our consultant since August 5, 2005 under the terms of a Management Consulting Agreement. Prior to accepting his position with us, Mr. Ramsbottom held various key management positions including: Principal and Managing Director of Circle Funding Group LLC, 2004-2005; Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of M2 Automotive, Inc., 1997-2004; and Chief Executive Officer of Thompson PBE (NASDAQ: THOM), 1989-1997, which was acquired by FinishMaster, Inc. in 1997. On April 17, 2005, M2 Automotive, Inc. completed an assignment for the benefit of its creditors pursuant to a state law insolvency proceeding. Mr. Ramsbottom holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Plymouth State College.
Dennis L. Yakobson, Director and Chairman of the Board—Mr. Yakobson, age 69, has served as a director and our Chairman of the Board since 1983 and is one of our founders. In December 2005, he resigned from his position as Chief Executive Officer and currently serves as a director. He was employed as Vice President of Administration and Finance of Nova Petroleum Corporation from 1981 to 1983. From 1979 to 1983, he served as a director and Secretary of Nova Petroleum Corporation. He resigned from those positions in November 1983 to become one of our directors and our president. From 1976 to 1981 he served as a director, Secretary and Treasurer of Power Resources Corporation, a mineral exploration company, and was employed by it as a Vice President. From 1975 to 1976 he was employed by Wyoming Mineral Corporation as a contract administrator. From 1971 through 1975 he was employed by Martin Marietta Corporation as marketing engineer in space systems. From 1969 to 1971 he was employed by Martin Marietta in a similar position. From 1960 to 1969 he was employed by Grumman Aerospace Corporation, his final position with it being contract administrator with responsibility for negotiation of prime contracts with governmental agencies. He is a director of GTL Energy Pty Ltd., a private company based in Adelaide, Australia. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from Cornell University in 1959 and a Masters in Business Administration degree from Adelphi University in 1963.
Ronald C. Butz, Director—Mr. Butz, age 68, has served as one of our directors since 1984. In October 1989, Mr. Butz was appointed our Vice President, in June 1990 he was appointed Secretary, and in May 1998 he became Chief Operating Officer. In December 2005, he resigned from his position as Chief Operating Officer, Vice President and Secretary and currently serves as a director. From 1984
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to 1989, Mr. Butz was employed as President of Capital Growth, Inc., a privately-held corporation providing investment services and venture capital consulting. From 1982 to 1983, Mr. Butz was a shareholder, Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of World Agricultural Systems, Ltd., a privately-held corporation specializing in the international marketing of commodity storage systems. From 1966 to 1982, Mr. Butz was a practicing attorney in Denver, Colorado with the law firm of Grant, McHendrie, Haines and Crouse, P.C. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from Cornell University in 1961 and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Denver in 1965.
Michael F. Ray, Director—Mr. Ray, age 52, was appointed a member of our Board of Directors effective May 11, 2005. Mr. Ray founded and has served as President of ThioSolv, LLC since 2001. ThioSolv, LLC is in the business of developing and licensing technology. From 1995 to 2001, Mr. Ray served as Vice President of Business Development for Coastal Catalyst and Chemicals Division. Mr. Ray worked for Coastal Chem, Inc. as President from 1990 to 1995 and Vice President of Corporate Development and Administration from 1986 to 1990. From 1985 to 1986, Mr. Ray served as Vice President of Carbon Dioxide Marketing. Mr. Ray worked for Liquid Carbonic Corporation as Regional Operations Manager from 1981 to 1985 and Plant Manager from 1980 to 1981. Mr. Ray received his Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology from Western Washington University and his Masters of Business Administration from Houston Baptist University. Mr. Ray also served on the Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Ad Hoc Committee, University of Wyoming EPSCOR Steering Committee and Wyoming Governor's committee for evaluating state employee compensation.
Thomas L. Bury, Director—Mr. Bury, age 63, was appointed a member of our Board of Directors effective November 12, 2004. Mr. Bury was a consultant to Aggregates Inc. from 2000 until 2004. He was a founding shareholder and served as Chief Financial Officer of Tecta America Corp., a member of the construction industry supplying aggregate building materials, from its organization in 1998 until completion in September 2000 of its merger that consolidated ten businesses in the construction industry. Since then he has advised investors on business valuations and acquisition strategies. Prior to founding Tecta America Corp., he was Chief Financial Officer of Redland PLC's aggregate businesses in North America, and had responsibility for its financial functions from 1987 through 1998. From 1972 through 1987, Mr. Bury worked for Fischbach Corporation, primarily serving as Chief Financial Officer of its subsidiary, Natkin & Company, a nationwide mechanical contractor. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from Bowling Green State University and his Masters of Business Administration degree from Syracuse University.
Halbert S. Washburn, Director—Mr. Washburn, age 46, was appointed as one of our directors on December 15, 2005. Mr. Washburn has over 20 years of experience in the energy industry. Mr. Washburn is the co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of BreitBurn Energy Company LP (USA), a subsidiary of Provident Energy Trust. Mr. Washburn is responsible for BreitBurn's oil and gas operations and co-manages BreitBurn's acquisition and capital formation activities. Mr. Washburn currently serves on the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors of the California Independent Petroleum Association. He also served as Chairman of the Stanford University Petroleum Investments Committee and as Secretary and Chairman of the Wildcat Committee. Mr. Washburn holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum Engineering from Stanford University.
Erich W. Tiepel, Director—Dr. Tiepel, age 62, has served as one of our directors since 1983. Since 1981, Dr. Tiepel has been a principal owner, president and director of Resource Technologies Group, Inc., or RTG, a privately owned company he founded. RTG is a high technology consulting organization specializing in process engineering, water treatment, hazardous waste remediation, and regulatory affairs. From 1977 to 1981 he was project manager for Wyoming Mineral Corporation, a subsidiary of Westinghouse Electric Corp., where his responsibilities included management of the design, contraction and operation of ground water treatment systems for ground water cleanup programs. From 1971 to 1976 he was a principal project engineer for process research for Westinghouse Research Labs. From 1967 to 1971, he was a trainee of the National Science Foundation at the
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University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. He obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Cincinnati in 1967, and a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Florida in 1971.
Douglas M. Miller, Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President—Mr. Miller, age 46, has served as Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President since January 20, 2006. Mr. Miller was employed by Unocal Corporation since 1991 through its acquisition by Chevron Corporation in October 2005, and for more than five years prior to the acquisition, was the Vice President, Corporate Development.
Richard O. Sheppard, Senior Vice President, Project Development—Mr. Sheppard, age 58, joined us in January 1998 as Director of Sales and Marketing of the Rentech Process, served as President of Rentech Development Corporation from April 2004 to March 2006, and was appointed Senior Vice President, Project Development on December 15, 2005. Prior to joining Rentech, he was engaged in the project development of independent electrical power plants ranging in size from 25 megawatts to 250 megawatts in the United States, South America, and Central America. He held positions as Vice President Development with Flatiron Constructors from 1996 to 1999, Wellhead Electric Co. from 1992 to 1996, and Ultrasystems Power Corporation and Engineers from 1988 to 1992. Previous employers were Kaiser Power Corporation from 1983 to 1988, and Merck Chemical (Calgon) International from 1974 to 1983. Mr. Sheppard was a Lieutenant in the United States Navy from 1969 to 1974. He obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Idaho in 1969 and earned a Master of Business Administration degree in Finance and Marketing from St. Mary's College, California, in 1980.
Charles B. Benham, Vice President, Research and Development—Dr. Benham, age 69, is one of our founders and has been an officer of Rentech since our inception in 1981. He served as our President until 1983 and as one of our directors from inception until 1996. From 1977 to 1981, Dr. Benham worked at the Solar Energy Research Institute in Golden, Colorado, on thermal and chemical processes for converting agricultural crop residues to diesel fuel, on thermochemical transport of solar energy using ammonia decomposition and steam reforming of methane, and on high temperature applications of solar energy. He was employed at the Naval Weapons Center, China Lake, California, from 1958 through 1977 where he was engaged in research and development on thermal and chemical processes for converting municipal solid wastes to liquid hydrocarbon fuels, thermochemical analyses of solid-fueled and ramjet engines, combustor modeling, rocket motor thrust vector control, rocket motor thrust augmentation, catalyst behavior in carbon monoxide oxidation, and in liquid hydrocarbon fuels for ramjet applications. Dr. Benham is the author of several published articles in the fields of liquid fuel production from organic waste, catalyst pellet behavior and rocket propulsion. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Colorado in 1958, and a Master of Science degree in Engineering in 1964 and a Ph.D. in Engineering (energy and kinetics) in 1970, both from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Claude C. Corkadel, III, Vice President, Strategic Programs—Mr. Corkadel, age 56, was appointed Vice President, Strategic Programs of Rentech, effective January 1, 2004. For 28 years, from 1972 to 2000, Mr. Corkadel worked for Mobil Oil Corporation in various management positions. These offices included President and Country Manager of Mobil Philippines, Planning Manager for Mobil Nigeria, Strategic Planning Manager for the Alternative Energy Division (including coal, uranium, oil shale and synthetic fuels projects), Global Director for Mobil's special products business and a member of the transition team for Africa under the ExxonMobil merger. After retiring from Mobil in January 2000, he worked as a special consultant for several small entrepreneurial businesses, and held executive positions during key development periods. During 2000 and early 2001, he was President of Nova Lending, an online mortgage company. Later in 2001 and in 2002, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of WellDog, Inc, a technology development company working on cutting edge down-hole sensing devices for the oil and gas industry. He consulted exclusively for Rentech starting February 2003. Mr. Corkadel
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is a graduate of Colorado School of Mines with a Bachelor of Science degree in Metallurgical Engineering and a minor in Mineral Economics. He obtained a Master in Business Administration degree in Finance from Drexel University in 1981.
Peter S. Pedersen, Vice President, Technology—Mr. Pedersen, age 52, was appointed Vice President, Technology in September 2005 and has been employed by Rentech since May 2000 as the Manager of Project Engineering. Mr. Pedersen has more than 25 years of experience in a combination of chemical process engineering and operations, as well as marketing and business management within the syngas, petrochemical, refining and offshore oil and gas related industries. Mr. Pedersen received his Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering from the Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark in 1979.
Amanda M. Darby, General Counsel and Secretary—Ms. Darby, age 38, was appointed our General Counsel in April 2005 and Secretary in January 2006. Ms. Darby previously served as Assistant Corporate Counsel and Assistant Secretary to The First American Corporation/First American Title Insurance Company (NYSE: FAF). Prior to working at First American, Ms. Darby practiced law for Stepp & Beauchamp, LLP and Jackson & Wallace LLP. Ms. Darby worked as a law clerk in the Business Group of Luce, Forward, Hamilton & Scripps LLP. Ms. Darby received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Communications from the University of Colorado, Boulder in 1991 and a Juris Doctor degree from California Western School of Law in 1997.
Geoffrey S. Flagg, Chief Accounting Officer—Mr. Flagg, age 35, was appointed our Chief Accounting Officer in January 2006. Mr. Flagg served as our Chief Financial Officer from January 2004 to January 2006. Mr. Flagg is a Certified Public Accountant and has been involved in auditing and accounting of publicly traded companies since 1996. From September 1996 through June 2000, he was an Audit Associate at the national accounting firm of BDO Seidman, LLP. While there, he was responsible for planning, performing and managing financial statement audits for a variety of public and private companies, including our annual audit and quarterly reviews. From June 2000 through January 2001, he was the controller of Wholetree.com, a software development company. From January 2001 through December 2003, Mr. Flagg served as our corporate controller. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from the University of Colorado at Denver in 1996.
Jim D. Fletcher, President and General Manager, Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc.—Mr. Fletcher, age 60, has served as President of Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. since August 1999. Mr. Fletcher has been employed in the mud logging services industry since 1973. From 1995 to August 1999, Mr. Fletcher was employed by Penson Well Logging as its general manager and marketing officer. From 1988 through 1994, Mr. Fletcher worked for Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. as a mud logging technician. This corporation sold its assets to Rentech, Inc. in 1999, which is continuing the business. After the purchase by Rentech, Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc. then named Mr. Fletcher as its General Manager, and he continues in that position. From 1981 to 1988, Mr. Fletcher was employed by OFT Exploration as a well site geologist, and also worked as a consulting geologist. Mr. Fletcher obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration and a minor in Geology and Economics from Southwestern State College of Oklahoma in 1974.
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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS
Concurrent Offering of Convertible Notes
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50 million in aggregate principal amount of our convertible senior notes due 2013 in a public offering. In this offering and the concurrent offering of convertible notes, taken together, we are proposing to issue and sell securities having an aggregate gross offering price of approximately $102 million. We may, however, modify the number of shares of common stock and the principal amount of convertible notes that we are offering.
We will issue the convertible notes under an indenture between us and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. The following is a summary of the general terms of the convertible notes and the indenture and does not purport to be complete. We urge you to read those documents in their entirety because they, and not this summary description, define the rights of the holders of the convertible notes. You may request copies of those documents for us upon written request at our address, which is listed in this prospectus supplement under "Where You Can Find More Information About Rentech."
For purposes of this section, references to "we," "us", "our" and "Rentech" refer solely to Rentech, Inc., and not to its subsidiaries.
The convertible notes
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- are limited to $50 million aggregate principal amount (or $57.5 million if the underwriters exercises in full their over-allotment option to purchase additional convertible notes);
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- mature on , 2013, unless earlier converted by holders, redeemed at our option or purchased by us at the option of holders upon a fundamental change, which includes (i) the acquisition by any person or group of 50% or more of the total voting power of our outstanding securities or the power to elect a majority of our directors, (ii) a merger or disposition of substantially all of our assets, other than a merger in which the then current shareholders retain a majority of the surviving entity and (iii) our common stock ceases to be listed on a national securities exchange, the Nasdaq National Market or another established automated over-the-counter trading market in the United States;
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- bear interest at a rate of % per annum on the principal amount, payable semi-annually, in arrears, on each and , beginning on , 2006, to the holders of record at the close of business on the preceding and , respectively;
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- may be surrendered for conversion if any of the following conditions is satisfied:
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- during any fiscal quarter, if the closing sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal quarter exceeds 120% of the conversion price per share on such last trading day;
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- if we have called the convertible notes for redemption;
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- if the average of the trading prices of the convertible notes for any five consecutive trading day period is less than 98% of the average of the conversion values of the convertible notes during that period;
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- if we make certain significant distributions to the holders of our common stock;
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- in connection with a transaction or event constituting a fundamental change; or
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- at any time on or after , 2013 until the close of business on the business day immediately preceeding the maturity date.
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- •
- are convertible into shares of our common stock (or cash or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, if we so elect) at an initial conversion rate of shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of convertible notes (which represents a conversion price of approximately $ per share of common stock), subject to adjustments that will be described in the indenture. In addition, at any time on or before the 21st trading day preceding the maturity date, we may irrevocably elect to satisfy our conversion obligation with respect to the principal amount of the convertible notes to be converted in cash, with any remaining amount to be satisfied, at our option, in cash, common stock or a combination of both;
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- are redeemable by us before , 2011, in whole or in part, at a redemption price payble in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the convertible notes to be redeemed, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the repurchase date and an additional "coupon make-whole" payment as will be described in the indenture if in the previous 10 trading days ending on the trading day before the date of the mailing of the provisional redemption notice the volume weighted average price of our common stock exceeds 150% of the prevailing conversion price for at least five consecutive trading days;
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- are redeemable by us on and after , 2011, in whole or in part, at a redemption price payable in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of each convertible note to be redeemed, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date;
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- are subject to repurchase by us for cash at the option of the holders upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, at a repurchase price in cash equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the repurchase date;
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- are entitled to receive on convertible notes converted in connection with a fundamental change, a make-whole premium payable in shares of our common stock, or the consideration into which our common stock has been converted or exchanged in connection with such fundamental change, on the repurchase date for the convertible notes after the fundamental change, subject to certain exceptions, which is designed to compensate you for the lost option time value of the holders of the convertible notes as a result of a fundamental change; and
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- are represented by one or more registered securities in global form.
The indenture will not contain any financial covenants and will not restrict us or our subsidiaries from paying dividends or making investments in subsidiaries or other entities, incurring additional senior indebtedness or any other indebtedness or issuing or repurchasing securities. The indenture will contain no covenants or other provisions to afford protection to holders of convertible notes in the event of highly leveraged transactions or a fundamental change of Rentech, except for the right of the holders of the convertible notes to cause us to repurchase the convertible notes upon a fundamental change and certain other provisions that will be described in the indenture.
The convertible notes will be our general unsubordinated unsecured obligations, ranking equally in right of payment to all of our existing and future unsubordinated unsecured indebtedness, and senior in right of payment to any of our future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the convertible notes. The convertible notes will be junior in right of payment to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such obligations and structurally subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future obligations of our subsidiaries, including trade credit.
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Revolving Facility
Concurrently with and contingent upon the acquisition of RCN, we expect RCN will enter into a revolving credit facility to support the working capital needs of the East Dubuque facility. We have received a non-binding proposal letter from The CIT Group/Business Credit, Inc. for a revolving credit facility with a maximum availability of $30 million, subject to a borrowing base limitation. The revolving facility will be secured by a pledge of all of the capital stock of RCN and a first priority security interest in all of RCN's current assets, including, without limitation, all receivables, accounts, inventories and general intangibles. The revolving facility will also impose various restrictions and covenants on us, including, without limitation, limitations on RCN's ability to incur additional debt, guarantees or liens, ability to make distributions or dividends and financial covenants, such as a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a minimum tangible net worth. CIT's proposal is also subject to credit approval, completion of due diligence, the negotiation and execution of definitive documentation, the consummation of the acquisition of RCN, and no material adverse change.
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CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following is a summary of the certain material United States federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder (as defined below), but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all of the potential tax consequences related thereto. This summary is based upon provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, and regulations, rulings and judicial decisions as of the date hereof. These authorities may be changed, perhaps retroactively, so as to result in United States federal income tax consequences different from those summarized below. This summary is applicable only to non-U.S. holders (as defined below) who hold our common stock as a capital asset. We have not sought any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will agree with such statements and conclusions.
This summary does not address the effect of the United States federal estate or gift tax laws or the tax considerations arising under the laws of any foreign, state or local jurisdiction. In addition, it does not address tax considerations applicable to an investor's particular circumstances or to investors who may be subject to special treatment under the United States federal income tax laws, including, without limitation:
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- banks, insurance companies or other financial institutions;
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- holders subject to the alternative minimum tax;
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- tax-exempt organizations;
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- dealers in securities or commodities;
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- traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings;
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- partnerships, S corporations or other pass-through entities;
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- "controlled foreign corporations," "passive foreign investment companies," and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid United States federal income tax;
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- expatriates and certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;
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- persons who hold our common stock as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion transaction or other risk reduction transaction;
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- persons deemed to sell our common stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code; or
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- persons that own (or are deemed to own) more than five percent of our company (except as specifically set forth below).
YOU ARE URGED TO CONSULT YOUR TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO YOUR PARTICULAR SITUATION, AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR COMMON STOCK ARISING UNDER THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX RULES, UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN OR OTHER TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE TAX TREATY.
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Non-U.S. Holder Defined
For purposes of this discussion, a non-U.S. holder means a person that is not for United States federal income tax purposes any of the following:
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- an individual citizen or resident of the United States, including an alien individual who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States or who meets the "substantial presence" test under Section 7701(b) of the Code;
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- a corporation or any other entity taxable as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
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- an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
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- a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.
Dividends
Payments on our common stock, if any, will constitute dividends for United States federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles. Amounts not treated as dividends for United States federal income tax purposes will constitute a return of capital and will first be applied against and reduce a holder's adjusted basis in the common stock, but not below zero, and then the excess, if any, will be treated as gain from the sale of the common stock.
Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder of our common stock generally will be subject to withholding of United States federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. In order to receive a reduced treaty rate, a non-United States holder must provide a valid IRS Form W-8BEN or other successor form certifying qualification for the reduced rate.
However, dividends that are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the non-U.S. holder within the United States (and, where a tax treaty applies, are attributable to a United States permanent establishment of the non-U.S. holder) are not subject to the withholding tax, provided certain certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied. Such effectively connected dividends, although not subject to withholding tax, are subject to United States federal income tax on a net income basis at applicable graduated individual or corporate rates. In addition, any such effectively connected dividends received by a foreign corporation may be subject to an additional "branch profits tax" at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.
A non-U.S. holder of our common stock eligible for a reduced rate of United States withholding tax pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the Internal Revenue Service.
Gain on Disposition of Common Stock
A non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other disposition of our common stock unless:
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- the gain is effectively connected with a United States trade or business of the non-United States holder (and, if a tax treaty applies, attributable to a United States permanent establishment maintained by such non-United States holder);
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- the non-U.S. holder is an individual who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year in which the sale or disposition occurs and other conditions are met; or
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- our common stock constitutes a United States real property interest by reason of our status as a "United States real property holding corporation," or a USRPHC, for United States federal income tax purposes at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding the disposition or the holder's holding period for our common stock.
A non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet point immediately above will be subject to tax on the net gain derived from the sale under regular graduated United States federal income tax rates, and if such non-U.S. holder is a corporation, it may also be subject to the branch profits tax equal to 30% of its effectively connected earnings and profits or at such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. An individual non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet point immediately above will be subject to a 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which may be offset by United States source capital losses, even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States.
We believe that we are not currently and do not anticipate becoming a USRPHC for United States federal income tax purposes. However, because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our United States real property interests relative to the fair market value of our other business assets, there can be no assurance that we will not become a USRPHC in the future. Even if we become a USRPHC, if our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, however, such common stock will be treated as United States real property interests only if the non-U.S. holder actually or constructively held more than five percent of such regularly traded common stock.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
We must report annually to the Internal Revenue Service and to each non-U.S. holder the amount of dividends paid to such holder and the tax withheld with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of the information returns reporting such dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty.
A non-U.S. holder will be subject to backup withholding for dividends paid to such holder unless applicable certification requirements are met and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such holder is a United States person as defined under the Code, or such holder otherwise establishes an exemption.
Payment of the proceeds of a sale of common stock within the United States is subject to both backup withholding and information reporting unless the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is a non-U.S. holder (and the payor does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the beneficial owner is a United States person) or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. In general, backup withholding and information reporting will not apply to the payment of the proceeds of a sale of common stock by or through a foreign office of a broker. However, payment of the proceeds of a sale of common stock conducted through certain United States related financial intermediaries is subject to information reporting (but not backup withholding) unless the financial intermediary has documentary evidence in its records that the beneficial owner is a non-U.S. holder and specified conditions are met or an exemption is otherwise established.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against such holder's United States federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
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DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK
The following description of our common stock is only a summary. We encourage you to read our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, which are incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. As of the date of this prospectus, our Articles of Incorporation authorizes us to issue 250,000,000 shares of our common stock, $.01 par value per share. As of March 30, 2006, there were 119,595,584 shares of our common stock outstanding. All outstanding shares of the common stock are fully paid and nonassessable. Each share of our common stock includes an associated preferred stock purchase right issued under our shareholder rights plan dated January 18, 2005. For more information regarding our shareholder rights plan, see the description in this prospectus supplement under the heading, "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws—Shareholder Rights Plan."
Voting
Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote at all shareholders' meetings. A quorum for purposes of meetings of common shareholders consists of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Once a quorum is established, action of a routine nature may be taken by a majority of the shares represented in person or by proxy at the meeting. Under our Amended Articles of Incorporation, if we issue a class of voting stock in addition to our common stock, actions on routine matters would require the affirmative vote of a majority of each class entitled to vote on the matters. Our common stock does not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Our board of directors is divided into three classes, with the members of each class to be elected annually for three-year terms.
The holders of our common stock may not take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting and must take any action at a duly called annual or special meeting of shareholders unless the consent is unanimous.
Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock, at a meeting of shareholders called expressly for that purpose, the entire board of directors or any lesser number may be removed, with cause, by a vote of the holders of the majority voting power of our capital stock. However, the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of our capital stock is required to remove directors for other than cause.
Our Amended Articles of Incorporation provide that, whenever a vote of a specified percentage of outstanding capital stock entitled to vote is required under Colorado law or the Amended Articles to approve a specified corporate transaction or proceeding, then the affirmative vote of that percentage of voting power of each class entitled to vote is also required.
An amendment to our Amended Articles of Incorporation requires the affirmative votes of the following: (1) at least a majority of the voting power of each class entitled to vote on the amendment; (2) in the case of an amendment changing the denial of preemptive rights, one vote per common share, no cumulative voting or the rights of common stock to share equally dividends (if any) declared on the common stock, or changing the required vote on such an amendment, two-thirds of the voting power of each class entitled to vote on the amendment; and (3) in the case of an amendment changing the provisions on directors including their removal, or changing the required vote on such an amendment, two-thirds of the voting power of each class entitled to vote on the amendment.
Dividend and Liquidation Rights
Subject to the rights and privileges relating to any outstanding shares of our preferred stock, all outstanding shares of common stock share equally in dividends and upon liquidation. Dividends are
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payable at the discretion of the board of directors at such time and in such amounts as they deem advisable, subject, however, to the provisions of the laws of the State of Colorado.
Miscellaneous
Our common stock has no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. Our board of directors is authorized to issue shares of common stock without approval of shareholders. The rights and privileges of our common stock may be subordinate to the rights and preferences of any of our preferred stock.
For a description of the provisions of our Amended Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws that could have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us and that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary corporate transaction involving us (or any of our subsidiaries), see the description in this prospectus supplement under the heading, "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws."
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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK
The following briefly summarizes the general terms of our preferred stock. You should read the particular terms of any series of preferred stock offered by us, which will be described in more detail in any prospectus supplement relating to such series, together with the more detailed provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and the Articles of Amendment relating to each particular series of preferred stock for provisions that may be important to you. The Articles of Amendment relating the particular series of preferred stock offered by an accompanying prospectus supplement and this prospectus will be filed as an exhibit to a document incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
Our board of directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $10.00 per share, (or fractions thereof) in one or more series. As of the date of this prospectus, 500,000 of such shares have been reserved for issuance under our shareholders rights plan described below. Our board of directors is authorized to establish from time to time a series of preferred stock with the following terms specified:
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- the number of shares to be included in the series; and
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- the designation, preferences, limitations and relative rights of the shares of the series.
Our preferred stock will not have voting rights unless provided by the board of directors, and then only in the circumstances determined by the board of directors. Shares of preferred stock, if and when issued, may be expected to have a priority over the common stock, both as to dividends and upon liquidation.
All shares of preferred stock offered hereby will not have any preemptive or similar rights. Our board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of the shares or which holders might believe to be in their best interests.
We will set forth in a prospectus supplement relating to the class or series of preferred stock being offered the following terms:
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- the title and stated value of the preferred stock;
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- the number of shares of the preferred stock offered, the liquidation preference per share and the offering price of the preferred stock;
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- the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation applicable to the preferred stock;
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- whether dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends on the preferred stock will accumulate;
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- the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any, for the preferred stock;
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- the provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for the preferred stock;
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- the provision for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, of the preferred stock;
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- while any shares of such series are outstanding, the limitations and restrictions, if any, upon the payment of dividends on, and upon the purchase, redemption or other acquisition by us of, our common stock, or any other class or series of our stock ranking junior to the shares of such series either as to dividends or upon liquidation;
- •
- any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange;
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- •
- the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which the preferred stock will be convertible into common stock, including the conversion price (or manner of calculation) and conversion period;
- •
- voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;
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- whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares as described below under "Description of Depositary Shares" in the accompanying prospectus;
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- a discussion of any material and/or special federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;
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- the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;
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- any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the class or series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs; and
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- any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions of the preferred stock.
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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The following summarizes certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, or Amended Articles, and Bylaws. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our Amended Articles and Bylaws, copies of which are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to the periodic reports previously filed by us. See "Where You Can Find More Information" in this prospectus supplement.
General. Certain provisions of our Amended Articles and Bylaws could make our acquisition by a third party, a change in our incumbent directors, or a similar change of control more difficult, including:
- •
- an acquisition of us by means of a tender or exchange offer;
- •
- an acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or
- •
- the removal of a majority or all of our incumbent directors.
These provisions, which are summarized below, are likely to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.
Classified Board. Our Amended Articles provide that when our board of directors consists of six or more directors, the directors must be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, with the members of only one class to be elected annually for a three-year term. There are currently seven seats on our board of directors, divided into three classes, two of which include two directors and one of which currently includes three directors.
Election and Removal of Directors. Our Amended Articles and Bylaws require that directors may be removed without cause only with the approval of holders of two-thirds of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock entitled to vote in the election of directors. Under our Amended Articles and Bylaws, any vacancy on our board of directors, including vacancies resulting from an increase in the number of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors in office. Our Amended Articles authorize up to nine members on our board of directors. The board of directors may, pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the entire board, increase the size of our board up to the maximum number directors permitted under the Amended Articles and designate the directors to fill the vacancies.
Special Meeting of Shareholders. Under our Bylaws and the Colorado Business Corporation Act, special meetings of our shareholders may be called by our president or the board of directors or upon written demand by the holders of shares representing at least ten percent of all votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at the meeting.
Requirements for Advance Notice of Shareholder Nominations and Proposals. A shareholder may make a nomination for the election of a director only if written notice of such shareholder's intent has been given in accordance with the Bylaws, with respect to an annual meeting, no later than the end of the fiscal year immediately preceding the annual meeting and, with respect to an election to be held at a special meeting, no later than the tenth day following the date on which notice of the special meeting was first mailed to our shareholders. To be timely, a shareholder seeking to propose business at an annual meeting must give notice of such proposal not later than the 60th day nor earlier than the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting. However, in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be delivered not earlier than the 90th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the 60th day prior to the meeting or the 10th day following the first public announcement of the annual meeting date.
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Shareholder Action by Written Consent. Our Bylaws require that actions by our shareholders without a meeting must be in writing and signed by each shareholder entitled to vote on such action.
No Cumulative Voting. Our Amended Articles provide that no shareholder is permitted to cumulate its votes in the election of directors or otherwise.
Approval of Sale of Assets; Mergers. Under our Amended Articles, the sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of our property and assets must be authorized or ratified by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the capital stock then issued and outstanding, unless any class or series of stock is entitled to vote thereon as a class, in which event the authorization requires the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the shares of each class of shares entitled to vote as a class on the transaction. Under our Amended Articles and Colorado law, a merger with or into us must be approved by at least two-thirds of the voting power of each class or series of capital stock entitled to vote as a group on the merger.
Business Combinations with Interested Stockholders. Approval by the holders of two-thirds of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock is required for certain "business combinations" with an "interested stockholder," unless the transaction is either approved by a majority of our "continuing directors" or certain minimum price and procedural requirements are met. Generally, a "business combination" includes a merger, liquidation, recapitalization or other similar transaction or a sale of assets or securities having an aggregate "fair market value" (as defined in the Amended Articles) of $1 million or more. An "interested stockholder" generally means a beneficial owner (as defined in the Amended Articles) of more than 10% of our voting stock, certain assignees of such beneficial owners and certain affiliates of the corporation that within the preceding two years were the beneficial owner of 10% of our voting stock. A "continuing director" is defined as any member of our board who is unaffiliated with the interested stockholder and was a member of the board prior to the time the interested stockholder became such, and any successor of a continuing director who is unaffiliated with the interested stockholder and is recommended by a majority of the continuing directors then on the board. The affirmative vote of the holders of 80% or more of the voting power of the shares of each class of shares entitled to vote as a class is required to amend this provision in the Amended Articles.
Shareholder Rights Plan. We also have a shareholder rights plan that authorizes issuance to existing shareholders of substantial numbers of rights to purchase shares of preferred stock or shares of common stock in the event a third party seeks to acquire control of a substantial block of our common stock. These provisions could deter an offer by a third party for the purchase of some or all of our outstanding securities and could have the effect of entrenching management. Pursuant to the shareholder rights plan, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to authorize the issuance of rights to 500,000 shares of Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock. One preferred stock purchase right is attached to each outstanding share of our common stock. The rights become exercisable under specified circumstances, including any person (an "acquiring person") along with its affiliates and associates becoming the beneficial owner (as defined in the shareholder rights plan) of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock, or the commencement by such person or public announcement by such person of the intention to commence a tender or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in such person becoming an acquiring person, in each case subject to specified exceptions. Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase from us one there-hundredth of a share of Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock, par value $10.00 per share, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share, subject to adjustment in specified circumstances. If events specified in the shareholder rights plan occur, each holder of rights other than the acquiring person can exercise his or her rights. After a person becomes an acquiring person, when a holder exercises a right, the holder will be entitled to receive common stock valued (according to the shareholder rights plan) at twice the exercise price of the right. In some cases, the holder will receive cash, property or other securities instead of common stock. We may redeem the rights for $.0001 per
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right (which amount is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances) at any time prior to the time a person becomes an acquiring person. The shareholder rights plan and the rights expire at the close of business on December 1, 2008, if the rights are not redeemed or exchanged earlier.
In the event we enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction in which shares of our common stock are exchanged for cash or other property, then each fractional interest is entitled to an amount per share equal to one-third of the amount of consideration to be received by a holder of each share of common stock, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. A holder of each 1/300 of a share of the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock would be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. If at any time dividends on the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock are in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon, all holders of preferred stock with dividends in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon (voting as a single class) would have the right to elect two directors. Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or distributions payable on the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock are in arrears, we would be in default in payment thereof, and until all accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions have been paid or set aside for payment in full, we would be prohibited from declaring or paying dividends or making any other distributions on, or, subject to certain exceptions, redeeming, purchasing or otherwise acquiring, shares of stock ranking junior to the preferred stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up. No share rights or shares of preferred stock have been issued under the shareholder rights plan.
Restrictions regarding Personal Holding Company Status. Our Amended Articles provide that any person who beneficially owns or intends to acquire an aggregate of more than 5%, or increase his ownership to more than 5%, of our common stock or other securities must submit a proposal to our board of directors at least 20 days before the proposed effective date of the transaction. Within 20 days of receipt of such proposal, we in our sole discretion have the right to disapprove the proposed acquisition if we determine in good faith that the transaction could or reasonably might, within a period of two years following the proposed date of the transaction, cause us to be classified as a personal holding company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Limitations on Liability. Our Amended Articles provide that no person who is or was a director will be personally liable to us or to our shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, subject to certain exceptions under the Colorado Business Corporation Act. Our Amended Articles also provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the Colorado Business Corporation Act. This indemnification includes the right to be paid expenses in advance of any proceeding for which indemnification may be payable, subject to certain conditions, including delivery to us of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay all amounts so paid in advance if it is ultimately determined that the director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified. We have also obtained policies of directors' and officers' liability insurance. This policy insures our directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment under certain circumstances. The existence of such limitation on liability, indemnification and insurance may impede a change of control of us to the extent that a hostile acquirer seeks to litigate its contest for control with our directors and officers.
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UNDERWRITING
Under the terms and subject to the conditions contained in an underwriting agreement dated , 2006, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters named below, for whom Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC is acting as representative, the following respective numbers of shares of common stock:
Underwriter
| | Number of Shares
|
---|
Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC | | |
Canaccord Adams Inc. | | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| |
|
| Total | | 12,500,000 |
| |
|
The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares of common stock in the offering if any are purchased, other than those shares covered by the over-allotment option described below.
We have granted to the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase on a pro rata basis up to 1,875,000 additional shares at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions. The option may be exercised only to cover any over-allotments of common stock.
The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock initially at the public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to selling group members at that price less a selling concession of $ per share. The underwriters and selling group members may allow a discount of $ per share on sales to other broker/dealers. After the initial public offering the representative may change the public offering price and concession and discount to broker/dealers.
The following table summarizes the compensation and estimated expenses we will pay:
| | Per Share
| | Total
|
---|
| | Without Over- allotment
| | With Over- allotment
| | Without Over- allotment
| | With Over- allotment
|
---|
Underwriting Discounts and Commissions paid by us | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Expenses payable by us | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
We have agreed that we will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge, disposition or filing, without the prior written consent of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC for a period of 90 days after the date of this prospectus, except (1) the filing of a registration statement on Form S-8, (2) the filing of a registration statement on Form S-3 to register resales of securities by directors, former directors, employees, former employees, consultants and former consultants, (3) issuances of common stock pursuant to the conversion of convertible securities (including the Company's convertible notes offered in the concurrent offering) or the exercise of warrants or options, in each case outstanding on the closing of this offering and (4) issuances pursuant to compensatory stock options and other equity award arrangements. However, in the event that either (1) during the last 17 days of the "lock-up" period, we release earnings results or material news or a material event relating to us occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the "lock-up" period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the "lock-up"
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period, then in either case the expiration of the "lock-up" will be extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of the release of the earnings results or the occurrence of the material news or event, as applicable, unless Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC waives, in writing, such an extension.
Our executive officers and directors have agreed that they will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, enter into a transaction that would have the same effect, or enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock, whether any of these transactions are to be settled by delivery of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise, or publicly disclose the intention to make any offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement, without, in each case, the prior written consent of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC for a period of 90 days after the date of this prospectus. However, in the event that either (1) during the last 17 days of the "lock-up" period, we release earnings results or material news or a material event relating to us occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the "lock-up" period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the "lock-up" period, then in either case the expiration of the "lock-up" will be extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of the release of the earnings results or the occurrence of the material news or event, as applicable, unless Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC waives, in writing, such an extension. The restrictions described in this paragraph do not apply to purchases of our common stock in the open market; transfers by gift, will or intestacy or to a family member or trust, provided the transferee agrees to be bound in writing by these restrictions prior to the transfer; and sales by two of our non-employee directors in an amount not to exceed an aggregate of 25,000 shares in each two-week period pursuant to 10b5-1 selling plans presently in effect.
We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribute to payments that the underwriters may be required to make in that respect.
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.
- •
- Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.
- •
- Over-allotment involves sales by the underwriters of shares in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated to purchase, which creates a syndicate short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares over-allotted by the underwriters are not greater than the number of shares that it may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares involved is greater than the number of shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their over-allotment option and/or purchasing shares in the open market.
- •
- Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of shares to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. If the underwriters sell more shares than could be covered by the over-allotment option, a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there could be downward pressure on
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These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock. As a result the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the American Stock Exchange or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
A prospectus in electronic format will be made available on the web sites maintained by one or more of the underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering and one or more of the underwriters may distribute prospectuses electronically. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of shares to themselves and selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.
Concurrently with this offering, we are offering $50,000,000 principal amount of convertible notes. Certain of the underwriters also will act as underwriters for the concurrent notes-offering.
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NOTICE TO CANADIAN RESIDENTS
Resale Restrictions
The distribution of the common stock in Canada is being made only on a private placement basis exempt from the requirement that we prepare and file a prospectus with the securities regulatory authorities in each province where trades of common stock are made. Any resale of the common stock in Canada must be made under applicable securities laws which will vary depending on the relevant jurisdiction, and which may require resales to be made under available statutory exemptions or under a discretionary exemption granted by the applicable Canadian securities regulatory authority. Purchasers are advised to seek legal advice prior to any resale of the common stock.
Representations of Purchasers
By purchasing common stock in Canada and accepting a purchase confirmation a purchaser is representing to us and the dealer from whom the purchase confirmation is received that:
- •
- the purchaser is entitled under applicable provincial securities laws to purchase the common stock without the benefit of a prospectus qualified under those securities laws,
- •
- where required by law, that the purchaser is purchasing as principal and not as agent,
- •
- the purchaser has reviewed the text above under Resale Restrictions, and
- •
- the purchaser acknowledges and consents to the provision of specified information concerning its purchase of the common stock to the regulatory authority that by law is entitled to collect the information.
Further details concerning the legal authority for this information is available on request.
Rights of Action—Ontario Purchasers Only
Under Ontario securities legislation, certain purchasers who purchase a security offered by this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus during the period of distribution will have a statutory right of action for damages, or while still the owner of the common stock, for rescission against us in the event that this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus contains a misrepresentation without regard to whether the purchaser relied on the misrepresentation. The right of action for damages is exercisable not later than the earlier of 180 days from the date the purchaser first had knowledge of the facts giving rise to the cause of action and three years from the date on which payment is made for the common stock. The right of action for rescission is exercisable not later than 180 days from the date on which payment is made for the common stock. If a purchaser elects to exercise the right of action for rescission, the purchaser will have no right of action for damages against us. In no case will the amount recoverable in any action exceed the price at which the common stock was offered to the purchaser and if the purchaser is shown to have purchased the securities with knowledge of the misrepresentation, we will have no liability. In the case of an action for damages, we will not be liable for all or any portion of the damages that are proven to not represent the depreciation in value of the common stock as a result of the misrepresentation relied upon. These rights are in addition to, and without derogation from, any other rights or remedies available at law to an Ontario purchaser. The foregoing is a summary of the rights available to an Ontario purchaser. Ontario purchasers should refer to the complete text of the relevant statutory provisions.
Enforcement of Legal Rights
All of our directors and officers as well as the experts named herein may be located outside of Canada and, as a result, it may not be possible for Canadian purchasers to effect service of process within Canada upon us or those persons. All or a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of
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those persons may be located outside of Canada and, as a result, it may not be possible to satisfy a judgment against us or those persons in Canada or to enforce a judgment obtained in Canadian courts against us or those persons outside of Canada.
Taxation and Eligibility for Investment
Canadian purchasers of common stock should consult their own legal and tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in the common stock in their particular circumstances and about the eligibility of the common stock for investment by the purchaser under relevant Canadian legislation.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
We are incorporating certain information about us that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, by reference in this prospectus supplement, which means that we are disclosing important information to you by referring you to those documents. We are also incorporating by reference in this prospectus supplement information that we file with the SEC after this date. The information we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus supplement, and later information that we file with the SEC automatically will update and supersede the information we have included in or incorporated into this prospectus supplement.
We incorporate by reference the following documents we have filed, or may file, with the SEC:
- •
- Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005, as amended by Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A filed on January 30, 2006;
- •
- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2005;
- •
- Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on October 6, 2005, October 13, 2005, November 9, 2005, November 10, 2005, November 16, 2005, November 18, 2005, December 19, 2005, December 19, 2005, December 29, 2005, January 6, 2006, January 17, 2006, January 19, 2006, January 26, 2006, January 27, 2006, February 14, 2006, March 2, 2006, March 14, 2006 and March 14, 2006;
- •
- The description of capital stock and our shareholder rights plan contained in our Form 8-A dated April 4, 2000 and filed with the SEC under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating the description;
- •
- Our Definitive Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006; and
- •
- All documents filed by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, after the date of this prospectus supplement and before termination of this offering. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof, whether specifically listed above or filed in the future, that are not deemed "filed" with the SEC, including our compensation committee report and performance graph (included in the Definitive Proxy Statement) or any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or certain exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.
This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement we have filed with the SEC on Form S-3 relating to the securities. As permitted by SEC rules, this prospectus supplement does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits and schedules we file with the SEC. We have filed certain legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement as exhibits to the registration statement. We may file certain other legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement as exhibits to reports we file with the SEC. You may refer to the registration statement and the exhibits for more information about us and our securities. The registration statement and exhibits are also available at the SEC's Public Reference Room or through its web site.
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following addresses:
Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RENTECH
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC's public reference room at the following address:
You may obtain information about the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a web site that contains information we file electronically with the SEC, which you can access over the Internet at http://www.sec.gov.
LEGAL MATTERS
Selected legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, California. Certain matters of Colorado law, including the validity of the common stock offered hereby, will be passed upon for us by Holland & Hart LLP, Denver, Colorado. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Proskauer Rose LLP, New York, New York.
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PROSPECTUS
$150,000,000
![LOGO](https://capedge.com/proxy/8-K/0001047469-06-004471/g460332.jpg)
DEBT SECURITIES
PREFERRED STOCK
DEPOSITARY SHARES
COMMON STOCK
WARRANTS
We may from time to time sell any combination of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock (either separately or represented by depositary shares) and warrants described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. Each share of our common stock includes an associated preferred stock purchase right issued under our shareholder rights plan dated January 18, 2005. Payment obligations under any series of debt securities may be guaranteed, on a joint and several basis, by one or more of our subsidiaries. The aggregate initial offering price of all securities sold under this prospectus will not exceed $150,000,000.
This prospectus provides a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide specific terms of the securities offered in a prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement carefully before you invest in any securities. This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement.
We will sell these securities directly to one or more purchasers or through agents on our behalf or through underwriters or dealers as designated from time to time. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any of these securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will provide the names of the agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions or discounts.
Our common stock trades on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol "RTK."
You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement carefully before you invest in any of our securities.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Risks associated with an investment in our securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement and certain of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as described under "Risk Factors" on page 2.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of our securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is March 30, 2006
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is a part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission utilizing a "shelf" registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings up to a total dollar amount of $150,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities under this shelf registration, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described under the heading "Where You Can Find More Information."
We have not authorized any dealer, salesman or other person to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus supplement. This prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement is delivered or securities are sold on a later date.
1
RENTECH, INC.
All references in this prospectus to "Rentech," "we," "us" and "our" are to Rentech, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.
Our mission is to develop projects and commercialize technologies that transform underutilized energy resources into valuable and clean alternative fuels, chemicals and power. We have developed and are in the process of commercializing our patented and proprietary technology, which we refer to as the "Rentech Process," for converting synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide derived from coal and other solid and liquid carbon-bearing materials, as well as from industrial gas and natural gas, into clean-burning, liquid hydrocarbon products, including diesel fuel, aviation fuel, naphtha and other chemicals.
We are planning to deploy our Rentech Process by purchasing Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc. ("RCN"), which owns a nitrogen fertilizer plant in East Dubuque, Illinois. On November 5, 2005, Rentech Development Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rentech, Inc., entered into a definitive Stock Purchase Agreement with Royster-Clark, Inc. for the purchase of all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of RCN. The East Dubuque plant is an operating integrated plant rated at 830 tons of ammonia per day. It produces ammonia, urea ammonium nitrate, nitric acid and urea, among other fertilizer products. We intend to operate the plant for the production of nitrogen fertilizer products while we add a commercially available coal gasification process that converts the plant to use synthesis gas derived from coal, instead of more expensive natural gas. In addition, we plan to add our Rentech Process to produce liquid hydrocarbon products from the excess synthesis gas produced from the coal gasification process. The converted facility is also expected to produce enough power to meet all of its needs and, if market conditions are favorable, will provide excess power for sale to the local grid. We refer to the integration of our Rentech Process with nitrogen fertilizer processes and the associated production of power as "polygeneration".
We are also pursuing complementary or synergistic opportunities to develop alternative fuels as an adjunct to nitrogen fertilizer plant acquisitions and conversions, including one in Natchez, Mississippi, where we and a partner would construct a polygeneration facility on currently undeveloped land situated along the Mississippi River at the Port of Natchez. We are also exploring opportunities to participate with a partner in the development of additional alternative fuels projects, including biodiesel facilities, where such projects could be located near our proposed Fischer-Tropsch plants.
We also plan to build and operate a fully integrated Fischer-Tropsch, coal-to-liquids, product development unit facility at a dormant methanol facility our subsidiary, Sand Creek Energy, LLC, owns in Commerce City, Colorado, which we believe would be able to demonstrate production of hydrocarbon products from varying feedstocks to groups that have expressed an interest in using the Rentech Process.
In addition to our Fischer-Tropsch alternative fuels segment, we conduct our oil and gas field services segment through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Petroleum Mud Logging, Inc.
Our executive offices are located at 1331 17th Street, Suite 720, Denver, Colorado 80202. Our telephone number is (303) 298-8008.
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the specific risks set forth under the caption "Risk Factors" in the applicable prospectus supplement and under the caption "Risk Factors" in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, incorporated by reference herein, before making an investment decision.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT
REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements made in this prospectus and the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus that are not historical factual statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; and pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements may relate to financial results and plans for future business activities, and are thus prospective. The forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. They can be identified by the use of terminology such as "may," "will," "expect," "believe," "intend," "plan," "estimate," "anticipate," "should" and other comparable terms or the negative of them. You are cautioned that, while forward-looking statements reflect our good faith belief and best judgment based upon current information, they are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect our results include, but are not limited to, those referred to under the heading "Risk Factors" above. Any forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and thus are current only as of the date made.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
Our earnings are inadequate to cover fixed charges. The following table sets forth the dollar amount of the coverage deficiency for each of the periods presented. We have not included a ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends because we do not have any preferred stock outstanding.
| | Three Months Ended December 31, 2005
| | Fiscal Year Ended September 30,
|
---|
| | 2005
| | 2004
| | 2003
| | 2002
| | 2001
|
---|
| | (in thousands)
|
---|
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (1)(2) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — |
Coverage deficiency | | $ | 5,628 | | $ | 13,572 | | $ | 6,240 | | $ | 8,606 | | $ | 4,687 | | $ | 6,387 |
- (1)
- In computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges: (i) earnings were calculated from income from continuing operations, before income taxes and fixed charges; and (ii) fixed charges were computed from interest expense, amortization of debt issuance costs, and the estimated interest included in rental expense.
- (2)
- In each of the periods presented, earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We will describe our intended use of the net proceeds from our sale of securities offered by this prospectus in the applicable prospectus supplement. Pending any specific application, we initially may invest any proceeds in short-term marketable securities.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods. We may sell the securities (1) through underwriters or dealers, (2) through agents and/or (3) directly to one or more purchasers. We may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more transactions:
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- at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;
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- at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;
- •
- at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or
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- at negotiated prices.
We may solicit directly offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus. We may also designate agents to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. We will name in a prospectus supplement any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities.
If we utilize a dealer in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we will sell the securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.
If we utilize an underwriter in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, we will execute an underwriting agreement with the underwriter at the time of sale and we will provide the name of any underwriter in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we, or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions form the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.
We will provide in the applicable prospectus supplement any compensation we pay to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.
The securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than we sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.
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In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.
The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
This prospectus describes certain general terms and provisions of our debt securities. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a prospectus supplement. We will also indicate in the prospectus supplement whether the general terms and provisions described in this prospectus apply to a particular series of debt securities.
We may offer under this prospectus up to $150,000,000 aggregate principal amount of debt securities, or if debt securities are issued at a discount, or in a foreign currency or composite currency, such principal amount as may be sold for an initial public offering price of up to $150,000,000. Unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement, the debt securities will be our direct, unsecured obligations and will rank equally with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.
The debt securities will be issued under an indenture between us and a trustee, as trustee. We have summarized select portions of the indenture below. The summary is not complete. The form of the indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement and you should read the indenture for provisions that may be important to you. Capitalized terms used in the summary have the meaning specified in the indenture.
General
The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our Board of Directors and set forth in an officers' certificate or a supplemental indenture. The particular terms of each series of debt securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such series, including any pricing supplement.
We can issue an unlimited amount of debt securities under the indenture that may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium, or at a discount. We will set forth in a prospectus supplement, including any pricing supplement, relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities:
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- the title of the debt securities;
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- the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount) at which we will sell the debt securities;
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- any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;
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- the date or dates on which we will pay the principal on the debt securities at their stated maturity or otherwise;
- •
- the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or the method used to determine the rate or rates (including any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the debt securities will bear interest, the date or dates from which interest will accrue, the date or dates on which interest will commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any interest payment date;
- •
- the place or places where principal of and interest on the debt securities will be payable;
- •
- the terms and conditions upon which we may redeem the debt securities;
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- any obligation we have to redeem or purchase the debt securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder of debt securities;
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- the dates on which and the price or prices at which we will repurchase debt securities at the option of the holders of debt securities and other detailed terms and provisions of these repurchase obligations;
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- •
- the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;
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- whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of certificated debt securities or global debt securities;
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- the portion of principal amount of the debt securities payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity date, if other than the principal amount;
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- the currency of denomination of the debt securities;
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- the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of principal of and interest on the debt securities will be made;
- •
- if payments of principal of or interest on the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined;
- •
- the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of or interest on the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index;
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- any provisions relating to any security provided for the debt securities;
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- any addition to or change in the events of default described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities and any change in the acceleration provisions described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;
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- any addition to or change in the covenants described in this prospectus or in the indenture with respect to the debt securities;
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- any other terms of the debt securities, which may not be consistent with the provisions of the indenture, except as described under "—Modification and Waiver," but which may modify or delete any provision of the indenture as it applies to that series; and
- •
- any depositaries, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to the debt securities.
In addition, the indenture does not limit our ability to issue convertible or subordinated debt securities. Any conversion or subordination provisions of a particular series of debt securities will be set forth in the officer's certificate or supplemental indenture related to that series of debt securities and will be described in the relevant prospectus supplement. Such terms may include provisions for conversion, either mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option, in which case the number of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities to be received by the holders of debt securities would be calculated as of a time and in the manner stated in the prospectus supplement.
We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.
If we denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, or if the principal of and any premium and interest on any series of debt securities is payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, we will provide you with information on the restrictions, elections, general tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to that issue of debt securities and such foreign currency or currencies or foreign currency unit or units in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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Transfer and Exchange
Each debt security will be represented by either one or more global securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, as Depositary, or a nominee (we will refer to any debt security represented by a global debt security as a "book-entry debt security"), or a certificate issued in definitive registered form (we will refer to any debt security represented by a certificated security as a "certificated debt security") as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as set forth under the heading "Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System" below, book-entry debt securities will not be issuable in certificated form.
Certificated Debt Securities. You may transfer or exchange certificated debt securities at any office we maintain for this purpose in accordance with the terms of the indenture. No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of certificated debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with a transfer or exchange.
You may effect the transfer of certificated debt securities and the right to receive the principal of, premium and interest on certificated debt securities only by surrendering the certificate representing those certificated debt securities and either reissuance by us or the trustee of the certificate to the new holder or the issuance by us or the trustee of a new certificate to the new holder.
Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System. Each global debt security representing book-entry debt securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the depositary, and registered in the name of the depositary or a nominee of the depositary.
The depositary has indicated it intends to follow the following procedures with respect to book-entry debt securities.
Ownership of beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities will be limited to persons that have accounts with the depositary for the related global debt security, which we refer to as participants, or persons that may hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a global debt security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants' accounts with the respective principal amounts of the book-entry debt securities represented by such global debt security beneficially owned by such participants. The accounts to be credited will be designated by any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the book-entry debt securities. Ownership of book-entry debt securities will be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary for the related global debt security (with respect to interests of participants) and on the records of participants (with respect to interests of persons holding through participants). The laws of some states may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These laws may impair the ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities.
So long as the depositary for a global debt security, or its nominee, is the registered owner of that global debt security, the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the book-entry debt securities represented by such global debt security for all purposes under the indenture. Except as described below, beneficial owners of book-entry debt securities will not be entitled to have securities registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of a certificate in definitive form representing securities and will not be considered the owners or holders of those securities under the indenture. Accordingly, each person beneficially owning book-entry debt securities must rely on the procedures of the depositary for the related global debt security and, if such person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which such person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture.
We understand, however, that under existing industry practice, the depositary will authorize the persons on whose behalf it holds a global debt security to exercise certain rights of holders of debt securities, and the indenture provides that we, the trustee and our respective agents will treat as the holder
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of a debt security the persons specified in a written statement of the depositary with respect to that global debt security for purposes of obtaining any consents or directions required to be given by holders of the debt securities pursuant to the indenture.
We will make payments of principal of, and premium and interest on book-entry debt securities to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder of the related global debt security. Our company, the trustee and any other agent of ours or agent of the trustee will not have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a global debt security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to beneficial ownership interests.
We expect that the depositary, upon receipt of any payment of principal of or interest on a global debt security, will immediately credit participants' accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to the respective amounts of book-entry debt securities held by each participant as shown on the records of such depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities held through those participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of those participants.
We will issue certificated debt securities in exchange for each global debt security if the depositary is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion determine not to have the book-entry debt securities of any series represented by one or more global debt securities and, in that event, will issue certificated debt securities in exchange for the global debt securities of that series. Global debt securities will also be exchangeable by the holders for certificated debt securities if an event of default with respect to the book-entry debt securities represented by those global debt securities has occurred and is continuing. Any certificated debt securities issued in exchange for a global debt security will be registered in such name or names as the depositary shall instruct the trustee. We expect that such instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of book-entry debt securities relating to such global debt security.
We have obtained the foregoing information concerning the depositary and the depositary's book-entry system from sources we believe to be reliable, but we take no responsibility for the accuracy of this information.
No Protection In the Event of a Change of Control
Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions which may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control) which could adversely affect holders of debt securities.
Covenants
We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement any restrictive covenants applicable to any issue of debt securities.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
We may not consolidate with or merge into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to, any person, which we refer to as a successor person, and may not permit any
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person to merge into, or convey, transfer or lease the properties and assets substantially as an entirety to us, unless:
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- the successor person (if any) is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of any U.S. domestic jurisdiction and expressly assumes our obligations on the debt securities and under the indenture;
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- immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no event of default, and no event which, after notice or passage of time, would become an event of default, shall have occurred and be continuing under the indenture; and
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- certain other conditions are met.
Events of Default
Unless otherwise provided in the establishing Board resolution, supplemental indenture or officers' certificate, event of default means, with respect to any series of debt securities, any of the following:
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- default in the payment of any interest upon any debt security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of that default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of the payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent prior to the expiration of the 30-day period);
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- default in the payment of principal of any debt security of that series when due and payable;
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- default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due in respect of any debt security of that series;
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- default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty by us in the indenture (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than that series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or we and the trustee receive written notice from the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series as provided in the indenture;
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- default in the payment of any debt (including debt securities of any other series) when it becomes due aggregating $150,000, or more, and such debt is not discharged or acceleration is not rescinded or annulled within ten days after written notice to us by the holders of such debt in the manner provided in the applicable debt instrument;
- •
- certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of our company; and
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- any other event of default provided with respect to debt securities of that series that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus.
No event of default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as indicated above and as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities. The occurrence of an event of default may constitute an event of default under our bank credit agreements in existence from time to time. In addition, the occurrence of certain events of default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain of our other indebtedness outstanding from time to time.
If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of
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and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. In the case of an event of default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal (or such specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding debt securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the trustee or any holder of outstanding debt securities. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series has been made, but before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if all events of default with respect to debt securities of that series, other than the non-payment of principal that has become due and payable solely as a result of such declaration of acceleration, have been waived as provided in the indenture, and we have paid or deposited with the trustee a sum sufficient to pay:
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- all overdue interest on all debt securities of that series;
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- the principal of any debt securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration, and interest thereon;
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- interest upon any overdue principal and interest, to the extent payment thereof is lawful; and
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- all sums paid or advanced by the trustee and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the trustee, its agents and counsel;
We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default.
The indenture provides that the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request of any holder of outstanding debt securities, unless the trustee receives reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it. Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series.
No holder of any debt security of any series will have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless:
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- that holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to debt securities of that series; and
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- the holders of 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and offered reasonable indemnity, to the trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee, and the trustee has not received from the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series a direction inconsistent with that request within 60 days of receipt of such notice, and the trustee has failed to institute the proceeding within such 60 day period.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of and any interest on that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment.
The indenture requires us, within 90 days after the end of our fiscal year, to furnish to the trustee a statement as to compliance with the indenture. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any default or event of default (except in payment
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on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if it in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities.
Modification and Waiver
We may modify and amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected by the modifications or amendments. We may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holders of each affected debt security then outstanding if that amendment will:
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- change the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment or waiver;
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- reduce the rate of or extend the time for payment of interest (including default interest) on any debt security;
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- reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous obligation with respect to any series of debt securities;
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- reduce the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity;
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- waive a default in the payment of the principal of or interest on any debt security (except a rescission of acceleration of the debt securities of any series by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities of that series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
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- make the principal of or premium or interest on any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt security;
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- make any change to certain provisions of the indenture relating to, among other things, the right of holders of debt securities to receive payment of the principal of and interest on those debt securities, to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment and to waivers or amendments, and provisions with respect to determining the currency exchange rate for certain amounts specified in the indenture in U.S. dollars; or
- •
- waive a redemption payment with respect to any debt security or change any provisions with respect to the redemption of any debt security.
Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of or any interest on any debt security of that series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration.
Defeasance of Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances
Legal Defeasance. The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, we may be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of any series (except for certain obligations to register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of such series, to replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of such series, and to maintain paying agencies and certain provisions relating to the treatment of funds held by paying agents). We will be so discharged upon the deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or U.S. government obligations or,
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in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, foreign government obligations, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants to pay and discharge each installment of principal, including any mandatory sinking fund or analogous payments and interest on debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities.
This discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable United States federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred.
Defeasance of Certain Covenants. The indenture provides that, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the applicable series of debt securities, upon compliance with certain conditions:
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- we may omit to comply with the covenant described under the heading "Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets" and certain other covenants set forth in the indenture, as well as any additional covenants which may be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement; and
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- any omission to comply with those covenants will not constitute a default or an event of default with respect to the debt securities of that series, or covenant defeasance.
The conditions include:
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- depositing with the trustee money and/or U.S. government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than U.S. dollars, foreign government obligations, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants to pay principal and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities; and
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- delivering to the trustee an opinion of counsel confirming that the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and defeasance had not occurred.
Covenant Defeasance and Events of Default. In the event we exercise our option to effect covenant defeasance with respect to any series of debt securities and the debt securities of that series are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any event of default, the amount of money and/or U.S. government obligations or foreign government obligations on deposit with the trustee will be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities of that series at the time of their stated maturity but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities of that series at the time of the acceleration resulting from the event of default. However, we shall remain liable for those payments.
"Foreign Government Obligations" means, with respect to debt securities of any series that are denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars:
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- direct obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof; or
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- •
- obligations of a person controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality of that government the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by that government which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.
Subsidiary Guarantees
If specified in the prospectus supplement, certain of our subsidiaries may guarantee our obligations relating to debt securities issued under this prospectus. The specific terms and provisions of each subsidiary guarantee will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue warrants for the purchase of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares. We may issue warrants independently or together with any other securities offered by any prospectus supplement and may be attached to or separate from the other offered securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into by us with a warrant agent. The warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the series of warrants and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of the warrants. Further terms of the warrants and the applicable warrant agreements will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, where applicable, the following:
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- the title of the warrants;
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- the aggregate number of the warrants;
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- the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;
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- the designation, terms and number of shares of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;
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- the designation and terms of the offered securities, if any, with which the warrants are issued and the number of the warrants issued with each offered security;
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- the date, if any, on and after which the warrants and the related debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares will be separately transferable;
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- the price at which each share of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock or depositary shares purchasable upon exercise of the warrants may be purchased;
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- the date on which the right to exercise the warrants shall commence and the date on which that right shall expire;
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- the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants which may be exercised at any one time;
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- information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
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- a discussion of certain federal income tax considerations; and
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- any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants.
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DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK
The following description of our common stock is only a summary. We encourage you to read our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws, which are incorporated by reference in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. As of the date of this prospectus, our Articles of Incorporation authorizes us to issue 250,000,000 shares of our common stock, $.01 par value per share. As of March 15, 2006, there were 119,525,584 shares of our common stock outstanding. All outstanding shares of the common stock are fully paid and nonassessable. Each share of our common stock includes an associated preferred stock purchase right issued under our shareholder rights plan dated January 18, 2005. For more information regarding our shareholder rights plan, see the description in this prospectus under the heading, "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws—Shareholder Rights Plan."
Voting
Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote at all shareholders' meetings. A quorum for purposes of meetings of common shareholders consists of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock. Once a quorum is established, action of a routine nature may be taken by a majority of the shares represented in person or by proxy at the meeting. Our common stock does not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Our board of directors is divided into three classes, with the members of each class to be elected annually for three-year terms.
The holders of our common stock may not take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting and must take any action at a duly called annual or special meeting of shareholders unless the consent is unanimous.
Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock, at a meeting of shareholders called expressly for that purpose, the entire board of directors or any lesser number may be removed, with cause, by a vote of the holders of the majority voting power of our capital stock. However, the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of our capital stock is required to remove directors for other than cause.
Dividend and Liquidation Rights
Subject to the rights and privileges relating to any outstanding shares of our preferred stock, all outstanding shares of common stock share equally in dividends and upon liquidation. Dividends are payable at the discretion of the board of directors at such time and in such amounts as they deem advisable, subject, however, to the provisions of the laws of the State of Colorado.
Miscellaneous
Our common stock has no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights, and there are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. Our board of directors is authorized to issue shares of common stock without approval of shareholders. The rights and privileges of our common stock may be subordinate to the rights and preferences of any of our preferred stock.
For a description of the provisions of our Amended Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws that could have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us and that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary corporate transaction involving us (or any of our subsidiaries), see the description in this prospectus under the heading, "Certain Provisions of Colorado Law and Our Charter and Bylaws."
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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK
The following briefly summarizes the general terms of our preferred stock. You should read the particular terms of any series of preferred stock offered by us, which will be described in more detail in any prospectus supplement relating to such series, together with the more detailed provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and the Articles of Amendment relating to each particular series of preferred stock for provisions that may be important to you. The Articles of Amendment relating the particular series of preferred stock offered by an accompanying prospectus supplement and this prospectus will be filed as an exhibit to a document incorporated by reference in the registration statement.
Our board of directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $10.00 per share, (or fractions thereof) in one or more series. As of the date of this prospectus, 500,000 of such shares have been reserved for issuance under our shareholders rights plan. Our board of directors is authorized to establish from time to time a series of preferred stock with the following terms specified:
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- the number of shares to be included in the series; and
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- the designation, preferences, limitations and relative rights of the shares of the series.
Our preferred stock will not have voting rights unless provided by the board of directors, and then only in the circumstances determined by the board of directors. Shares of preferred stock, if and when issued, may be expected to have a priority over the common stock, both as to dividends and upon liquidation.
All shares of preferred stock offered hereby will not have any preemptive or similar rights. Our board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of discouraging a takeover or other transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of the shares or which holders might believe to be in their best interests.
We will set forth in a prospectus supplement relating to the class or series of preferred stock being offered the following terms:
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- the title and stated value of the preferred stock;
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- the number of shares of the preferred stock offered, the liquidation preference per share and the offering price of the preferred stock;
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- the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s) or method(s) of calculation applicable to the preferred stock;
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- whether dividends are cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends on the preferred stock will accumulate;
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- the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any, for the preferred stock;
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- the provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for the preferred stock;
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- the provision for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, of the preferred stock;
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- while any shares of such series are outstanding, the limitations and restrictions, if any, upon the payment of dividends on, and upon the purchase, redemption or other acquisition by us of, our common stock, or any other class or series of our stock ranking junior to the shares of such series either as to dividends or upon liquidation;
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- any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange;
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- the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which the preferred stock will be convertible into common stock, including the conversion price (or manner of calculation) and conversion period;
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- •
- voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;
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- whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares as described below under "Description of Depositary Shares;"
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- a discussion of any material and/or special federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;
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- the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;
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- any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the class or series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs; and
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- any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions of the preferred stock.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES
We may, at our option, elect to offer fractional or multiple shares of preferred stock, rather than single shares of preferred stock. In the event we exercise this option, we will issue receipts for depositary shares, each of which will represent a fraction or multiple of, to be described in an applicable prospectus supplement, of shares of a particular series of preferred stock. The preferred stock represented by depositary shares will be deposited under a deposit agreement between us and a bank or trust company selected by us and having its principal office in the United States and having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000. Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a depositary share will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable preferred stock or fraction or multiple thereof represented by the depositary share, to all of the rights and preferences of the preferred stock or other equity stock represented thereby, including any dividend, voting, redemption, conversion or liquidation rights. For an additional description of our common stock and preferred stock, see the descriptions in this prospectus under the headings "Description of Common Stock" and "Description of Preferred Stock," respectively.
The depositary shares will be evidenced by depositary receipts issued pursuant to the deposit agreement. The particular terms of the depositary shares offered by any prospectus supplement will be described in the prospectus supplement, which will also include a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences.
A copy of the form of deposit agreement, including the form of depositary receipt, will be included as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or current report on Form 8-K incorporated by reference herein.
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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF COLORADO LAW AND OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS
The following summarizes certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, or Amended Articles, and Bylaws. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our Amended Articles and Bylaws, copies of which are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to the periodic reports previously filed by us. See "Where You Can Find More Information."
General. Certain provisions of our Amended Articles and Bylaws could make our acquisition by a third party, a change in our incumbent directors, or a similar change of control more difficult, including:
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- an acquisition of us by means of a tender or exchange offer;
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- an acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or
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- the removal of a majority or all of our incumbent directors.
These provisions, which are summarized below, are likely to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors.
Classified Board. Our Amended Articles provide that when our board of directors consists of six or more directors, the directors must be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, with the members of only one class to be elected annually for a three-year term. There are currently seven seats on our board of directors, divided into three classes, two of which include two directors and one of which currently includes three directors.
Election and Removal of Directors. Our Amended Articles and Bylaws require that directors may be removed without cause only with the approval of holders of two-thirds of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock. Under our Amended Articles and Bylaws, any vacancy on our board of directors, including vacancies resulting from an increase in the number of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors in office. Our Amended Articles authorize up to nine members on our board of directors. The board of directors may, pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the entire board, increase the size of our board up to the maximum number directors permitted under the Amended Articles and designate the directors to fill the vacancies.
Special Meetings of Shareholders. Under our Amended Articles, special meetings of our shareholders may be called by our president or by the holders of at least a majority of the voting power represented by the outstanding shares of our capital stock.
Requirements for Advance Notice of Shareholder Nominations and Proposals. A shareholder may make a nomination for the election of a director only if written notice of such shareholder's intent has been given in accordance with the Bylaws, with respect to an annual meeting, no later than the end of the fiscal year immediately preceding the annual meeting and, with respect to an election to be held at a special meeting, no later than the tenth day following the date on which notice of the special meeting was first mailed to our shareholders. To be timely, a shareholder seeking to propose business at an annual meeting must give notice of such proposal not later than the 60th day nor earlier than the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting. However, in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the shareholder to be timely must be delivered not earlier than the 90th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the 60th day prior to the meeting or the 10th day following the first public announcement of the annual meeting date.
Shareholder Action by Written Consent. Our Bylaws require that actions by our shareholders without a meeting must be in writing and signed by each shareholder entitled to vote.
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No Cumulative Voting. Our Amended Articles provide that no shareholder is permitted to cumulate its votes in the election of directors or otherwise.
Approval of Sale of Assets. Under our Amended Articles, the sale, lease, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of our property and assets must be authorized or ratified by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the capital stock then issued and outstanding, unless any class or series of stock is entitled to vote thereon as a class, in which event the authorization requires the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the shares of each class of shares entitled to vote as a class on the transaction.
Business Combinations with Interested Stockholders. Approval by the holders of two-thirds of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock is required for certain "business combinations" with an "interested stockholder," unless the transaction is either approved by a majority of our "continuing directors" or certain minimum price and procedural requirements are met. Generally, a "business combination" includes a merger, liquidation, recapitalization or other similar transaction or a sale of assets or stock having an aggregate "fair market value" (as defined in the Amended Articles) of $1 million or more. An "interested stockholder" generally means a beneficial owner (as defined in the Amended Articles) of more than 10% of our voting stock, certain assignees of such beneficial owners and certain affiliates of the corporation that within the preceding two years were the beneficial owner of 10% of our voting stock. A "continuing director" is defined as any member of our board who is unaffiliated with the interested stockholder and was a member of the board prior to the time the interested stockholder became such, and any successor of a continuing director who is unaffiliated with the interested stockholder and is recommended by a majority of the continuing directors then on the board. The affirmative vote of the holders of 80% or more of the voting power of the shares of each class of shares entitled to vote as a class is required to amend this provision in the Amended Articles.
Shareholder Rights Plan. We also have a shareholder rights plan that authorizes issuance to existing shareholders of substantial numbers of rights to purchase shares of preferred stock or shares of common stock in the event a third party seeks to acquire control of a substantial block of our common stock. These provisions could deter an offer by a third party for the purchase of some or all of our outstanding securities and could have the effect of entrenching management. Pursuant to the shareholder rights plan, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to authorize the issuance of rights to 500,000 shares of Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock. One preferred stock purchase right is attached to each outstanding share of our common stock. The rights become exercisable under specified circumstances, including any person (an "acquiring person") along with its affiliates and associates becoming the beneficial owner (as defined in the shareholder rights plan) of 15% or more of our outstanding common stock, or the commencement by such person or public announcement by such person of the intention to commence a tender or exchange offer the consummation of which would result in such person becoming an acquiring person, in each case subject to specified exceptions, Each right entitles the registered holder to purchase from us one there-hundredth of a share of Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock, par value $10.00 per share, at an exercise price of $12.00 per share, subject to adjustment in specified circumstances. If events specified in the shareholder rights plan occur, each holder of rights other than the acquiring person can exercise his or her rights. After a person becomes an acquiring person, when a holder exercises a right, the holder will be entitled to receive common stock valued (according to the shareholder rights plan) at twice the exercise price of the right. In some cases, the holder will receive cash, property or other securities instead of common stock. We may redeem the rights for $.0001 per right (which amount is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances) at any time prior to the time a person becomes an acquiring person. The shareholder rights plan and the rights expire at the close of business on December 1, 2008, if the rights are not redeemed or exchanged earlier.
If we declare a dividend on or make a distribution with respect to our common stock, the holder of each fractional interest in the preferred stock is entitled to a dividend or distribution in an amount equal to
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one-third of the dividend or distribution on the common stock, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. In the event we enter into any consolidation, merger, combination or other transaction in which shares of our common stock are exchanged for cash or other property, then each fractional interest is entitled to an amount per share equal to one-third of the amount of consideration to be received by a holder of each share of common stock, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. A holder of each 1/300 of a share of the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock would be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. If at any time dividends on the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock are in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon, all holders of preferred stock with dividends in arrears in an amount equal to six quarterly dividends thereon (voting as a single class) would have the right to elect two directors. Whenever quarterly dividends or other dividends or distributions payable on the Series 1998-C Participating Cumulative Preference Stock are in arrears, we would be in default in payment thereof, and until all accrued and unpaid dividends and distributions have been paid or set aside for payment in full, we would be prohibited from declaring or paying dividends or making any other distributions on, or, subject to certain exceptions, redeeming, purchasing or otherwise acquiring, shares of stock ranking junior to the preferred stock as to dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up. No share rights or shares of preferred stock have been issued under the shareholder rights plan.
Restrictions regarding Personal Holding Company Status. Our Amended Articles provide that any person who beneficially owns or intends to acquire an aggregate of more than 5%, or increase his ownership to more than 5%, of our common stock or other securities must submit a proposal to our board of directors at least 20 days before the proposed effective date of the transaction. Within 20 days of receipt of such proposal, we in our sole discretion have the right to disapprove the proposed acquisition if we determine in good faith that the transaction could or reasonably might, within a period of two years following the proposed date of the transaction, cause us to be classified as a personal holding company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Limitations on Liability. Our Amended Articles provide that no person who is or was a director will be personally liable to us or to our shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, subject to certain exceptions under the Colorado Business Corporation Act. Our Amended Articles also provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the Colorado Business Corporation Act. This indemnification includes the right to be paid expenses in advance of any proceeding for which indemnification may be payable, subject to certain conditions, including delivery to us of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay all amounts so paid in advance if it is ultimately determined that the director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified. We have also obtained policies of directors' and officers' liability insurance. This policy insures our directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment under certain circumstances. The existence of such limitation on liability, indemnification and insurance may impede a change of control of us to the extent that a hostile acquirer seeks to litigate its contest for control with our directors and officers.
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LEGAL MATTERS
Amanda M. Darby, General Counsel to Rentech, has issued an opinion about certain legal matters with respect to any common stock and preferred stock offered hereby. Latham & Watkins LLP, Los Angeles, has issued an opinion about certain legal matters with respect to any debt securities, guarantees, warrants and depositary shares offered hereby.
INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL
Ms. Darby holds options to purchase up to 65,000 shares of our common stock.
EXPERTS
The financial statements and management's report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005 in this prospectus have been audited by Ehrhardt Keefe Steiner & Hottman P.C., independent registered public accounting firm, to the extent and for the periods set forth in their report incorporated herein by reference, and are incorporated herein in reliance upon such report given upon the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The financial statements of Royster-Clark Nitrogen, Inc. as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and for the 163-day period ended December 31, 2005, the 202-day period ended July 21, 2005, and the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, independent auditors, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
KPMG LLP's audit report refers to transactions that occurred as of July 22, 2005 which require financial information for the periods after July 22, 2005 to be presented on a different cost basis than that for periods prior to that date and therefore are not comparable. Their audit report also refers to the restatement of net sales, cost of sales, and selling, general and administrative expenses for the 202-day period ended July 21, 2005 and net sales and cost of sales for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION ABOUT RENTECH
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC's public reference room at the following address:
Public Reference Room
100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20549
You may obtain information about the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a web site that contains information we file electronically with the SEC, which you can access over the Internet at http://www.sec.gov.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
We are incorporating certain information about us that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by reference in this prospectus, which means that we are disclosing important information to you by referring you to those documents. We are also incorporating by reference in this prospectus information that we file with the SEC after this date. The information we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and later information that we file with the SEC automatically will update and supersede the information we have included in or incorporated into this prospectus.
We incorporate by reference the following documents we have filed, or may file, with the SEC:
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- Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2005, as amended by Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A filed on January 31, 2006;
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- Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 2005;
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- Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on October 6, 2005, October 13, 2005, November 9, 2005, November 10, 2005, November 16, 2005, November 18, 2005, December 19, 2005, December 19, 2005, December 29, 2005, January 6, 2006, January 17, 2006, January 19, 2006, January 26, 2006, January 27, 2006; February 14, 2006; March 2, 2006; March 14, 2006; and March 14, 2006;
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- The description of capital stock and shareholder rights plan contained in our Form 8-A dated April 4, 2000 and filed with the SEC under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating the description;
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- Our Definitive Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006; and
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- All documents filed by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, after the date of this prospectus and before termination of this offering. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof, whether specifically listed above or filed in the future, that are not deemed "filed" with the SEC, including our compensation committee report and performance graph (included in the Definitive Proxy Statement) or any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or certain exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement we have filed with the SEC on Form S-3 relating to the securities. As permitted by SEC rules, this prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement and the accompanying exhibits and schedules we file with the SEC. We have filed certain legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus as exhibits to the registration statement. We will file certain other legal documents that control the terms of the securities offered by this prospectus as exhibits to reports we file with the SEC. You may refer to the registration statement and the exhibits for more information about us and our securities. The registration statement and exhibits are also available at the SEC's Public Reference Room or through its web site.
You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference.
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