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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File number 1-7184
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland | 52-6053341 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland | 20814 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (301) 986-6000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of Act:
Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
N/A | N/A |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
N/A
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was requires to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirement for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer x Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ¨ No x
There were no Common Shares of Beneficial Interest held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of March 31, 2008.
The number of Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $1 Par Value, outstanding as of December 29, 2008 was 4,807,510.
Table of Contents
PART I | ||
ITEM 1.BUSINESS | ||
4 | ||
4 | ||
5 | ||
37 | ||
ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS | 38 | |
ITEM 1B.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS | 46 | |
ITEM 2.PROPERTIES | 47 | |
47 | ||
47 | ||
ITEM 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 48 | |
48 | ||
PART II | ||
49 | ||
ITEM 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA | 49 | |
ITEM 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 52 | |
54 | ||
54 | ||
54 | ||
65 | ||
65 | ||
68 | ||
71 | ||
71 | ||
71 | ||
72 | ||
76 | ||
76 | ||
77 | ||
ITEM 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 79 | |
80 | ||
ITEM 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE | 136 | |
ITEM 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 136 | |
ITEM 9B.OTHER INFORMATION | 137 |
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PART III | ||
ITEM 10.TRUSTEES, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | 138 | |
138 | ||
139 | ||
ITEM 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION | 139 | |
ITEM 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS | 148 | |
ITEM 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND TRUSTEE INDEPENDENCE | 148 | |
151 | ||
PART IV | ||
152 |
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Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) relating to our operations, results of operations and other matters that are based on our current expectations, estimates, assumptions and projections. Words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “likely,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “believes,” “estimates” and similar expressions are used to identify these forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Forward-looking statements are based upon assumptions as to future events that might not prove to be accurate. Actual outcomes and results could differ materially from what is expressed or forecast in these forward-looking statements. Risks, uncertainties and other factors that might cause such differences, some of which could be material, include, but are not limited to the factors discussed below under the section entitled “Risk Factors.”
PART I
ITEM 1. | BUSINESS |
B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust operates as a Maryland real estate investment trust. The Real Estate Trust began its operations in 1964 as an unincorporated business trust organized under a Declaration of Trust governed by District of Columbia law. The Real Estate Trust terminated its status as a qualified real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes in 1978 and is now taxable as a corporation. On October 24, 1988, the Real Estate Trust amended its Declaration of Trust to qualify as a statutory real estate investment trust under Maryland law.
The principal business activities of the Trust are the ownership of 80% of the outstanding common stock of Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. (“Chevy Chase” or the “Bank”), whose assets accounted for 95% of the Trust’s consolidated assets at September 30, 2008, and the ownership and development of income-producing properties. By virtue of its ownership of a majority interest in Chevy Chase, the Trust is a savings and loan holding company and subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision, also know as “OTS.” See “Banking—Holding Company Regulation.”
The Trust recorded a net loss of $20.4 million in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008, compared to net income of $34.6 million in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007.
The Trust has prepared its financial statements and other disclosures on a fully consolidated basis. The term “Trust” used in the text and the financial statements included herein refers to the combined entity, which includes B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries, including Chevy Chase and its subsidiaries. The term “Real Estate Trust” refers to B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries, excluding Chevy Chase and its subsidiaries. The operations conducted by the Real Estate Trust are designated as “Real Estate,” while the business conducted by Chevy Chase and its subsidiaries is identified as “Banking.”
The Real Estate Trust’s long-term objectives are to increase cash flow from operations and to maximize capital appreciation of its real estate. The properties owned by the Real Estate Trust are located predominantly in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States and consist principally of hotels, office projects, undeveloped land parcels and the development of for-sale townhomes.
The Real Estate Trust has significant relationships with B.F. Saul Company (“Saul Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, B.F. Saul Property Company, (“Saul Property Co.”). Saul Company, founded in 1892, specializes in commercial property management and leasing, hotel management, development and construction management, acquisitions, sales and financing of real estate property and insurance. Certain officers and trustees of the Real Estate Trust are also officers and/or directors of Saul Company and Saul Property Co. Other than uncompensated officers, the Real Estate Trust has no employees. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Management Personnel.”
Saul Company acts as the Real Estate Trust’s investment advisor and manages the financial, accounting, information technology, insurance, legal, tax and other administrative affairs of the Real Estate Trust. Saul Property Co. acts as leasing and management agent for the income-producing properties owned by the Real Estate Trust, and plans and oversees the development of new properties and the expansion and renovation of existing properties.
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General
Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B., referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as “Chevy Chase” or the “Bank,” is a federally chartered and federally insured stock savings bank which at September 30, 2008 was conducting business from 273 full-service branch offices and more than 1,000 automated teller machines in Maryland, Delaware, Virginia and the District of Columbia. The Bank’s home office is in McLean, Virginia and its executive offices are in Bethesda, Maryland, both suburban communities of Washington, DC. The Bank, either directly or through a wholly owned subsidiary, also maintains two commercial loan production offices located in Baltimore, Maryland and Northern Virginia and nine mortgage loan production offices in the mid-Atlantic region. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had total assets of $15.5 billion, total deposits of $11.4 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $832.5 million. Based on total assets at September 30, 2008, Chevy Chase is the largest full-service bank headquartered in the Washington, DC metropolitan area.
Chevy Chase is a consumer oriented, full-service banking institution principally engaged in the business of attracting deposits from the public and using those deposits, together with borrowings and other funds, to make loans secured by real estate, primarily residential mortgage loans, and other consumer loans. The Bank also has an active commercial lending program which includes offering small business loans through its deposit branches. The Bank’s principal deposit and lending markets are located in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. As a complement to its basic deposit and lending activities, the Bank provides related financial services to its customers, including securities brokerage and insurance products offered through its subsidiaries. In addition, the Bank offers a variety of investment products and provides fiduciary services to a primarily institutional customer base through its subsidiary, ASB Capital Management LLC, and to a primarily high net worth customer base through another subsidiary, Chevy Chase Trust Company.
The Bank continues to capitalize on its status as the largest full-service bank headquartered in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Accordingly, the Bank continues to build its branch and alternative delivery systems to offer a broad range of consumer products, including mortgage loans, home equity loans and lines of credit and other consumer loans. In addition, the Bank continues to emphasize its commercial banking program, with a focus on businesses operating in the Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan areas. The Bank also continues to further develop the fee-based services it provides to customers, including securities brokerage, trust, asset management and insurance products offered through its subsidiaries.
Chevy Chase recorded an operating loss of $29.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2008, compared to operating income of $110.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2007. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s tangible, core, tier 1 risk-based and total risk-based regulatory capital ratios were 5.96%, 5.96%, 8.77% and 11.67%, respectively. Those ratios exceeded the standards established for “well-capitalized” institutions under the prompt corrective action regulations established pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, also known as “FDICIA.”
Chevy Chase is subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “OTS”) and, to a lesser extent, by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”). The Bank’s deposit accounts are insured by the FDIC to at least $100,000 per insured depositor, although this amount has been temporarily increased to at least $250,000 per depositor through December 31, 2009.
Recent Developments
Sale of Bank.On December 4, 2008, Capital One Financial Corporation (“Capital One”), B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust (the “Trust”), Derwood Investment Corporation (“Derwood”) and the B.F. Saul Company Employees’ Profit Sharing and Retirement Trust (the “Plan” and, together with the Trust and Derwood, the “Shareholders”) announced they had signed a Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 3, 2008 (the “Purchase Agreement”), pursuant to which the Shareholders agreed to sell all of the outstanding shares (the “Shares”) of common stock of the Bank to Capital One, less certain excluded assets. The excluded assets will be distributed (the “Excluded Assets Distribution”) to the Shareholders on or prior to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement (the “Closing”). The Purchase Agreement contemplates that the Bank’s 8% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C and the Bank’s 6 7/8% Debentures due 2013 issued by the Bank pursuant to an Indenture, dated December 2, 2003, by and between the Bank and Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, N.A. will remain outstanding through the Closing.
In consideration for the Shares, Capital One has agreed to pay to the Shareholders $445 million in cash and issue to them an aggregate of approximately 2.56 million shares of Capital One common stock, valued at $75 million based on the closing price of Capital One common stock as of December 2, 2008. In addition, subject to certain performance contingencies relating to the Bank’s option ARM portfolio, Capital One also agreed to pay additional consideration to the Shareholders.
The Purchase Agreement, which has been approved by the Boards of Directors of Capital One and Derwood, the Board of Trustees of The Trust and the Trustees of the Plan, contains customary representations and warranties and indemnification provisions. The Closing and the Excluded Assets Distribution are subject to customary conditions, including obtaining necessary regulatory approvals. The Closing is expected to occur in the first calendar quarter of 2009.
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Market Conditions. Deteriorating conditions in the housing market and the general economy contributed to increases in the Bank’s levels of delinquent and non-performing assets, charge-offs and the allowance for possible credit losses. During the year ended September 30, 2008, non-performing assets increased $486.8 million to $622.3 million from September 30, 2007. As a result, management increased the allowance for possible credit losses by $249.9 million to $278.9 million. To the extent current adverse housing market and general economic conditions continue or worsen, the Bank’s level of problem assets and credit losses is likely to increase.
In prior periods, the Bank securitized and sold a portion of the loans it originated. Since July 2007, as a result of a weak secondary market for mortgage loans, the Bank has been retaining in its own portfolio most of the adjustable rate loans it originates, while continuing to originate and sell in the secondary market all fixed and some adjustable rate loans.
Management has taken a series of steps in response to these difficult market conditions, including efforts to reduce the Bank’s volume of loan originations, particularly by eliminating the use of third-party or correspondent distribution channels to originate residential mortgage loans and by tightening its loan underwriting guidelines. In addition, the Bank stopped originating payment option mortgage loans and residential construction to permanent loans in April 2008. The Bank also has reduced staffing levels to reflect lower loan production.
The Bank also has significantly increased its loan loss reserves in recent periods and received a $60 million cash capital contribution from its common stockholders in June 2008.
Based on a review of customer preferences, the Bank did not exercise its option to extend its 10-year supermarket branch agreement with Giant Food, and began closing its 54 supermarket branches in August 2008, resulting in additional cost savings. Because in most cases the Bank already has a traditional branch within two miles of a supermarket branch and offers a variety of self-service banking channels, such as online and telephone banking, management expects to be able to continue to serve the needs of the vast majority of supermarket branch depositors following closure of the remaining supermarket branches. As of November 30, 2008, 42 supermarket branches have been closed.
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REAL ESTATE
Real Estate Investments
The Real Estate Trust’s investment portfolio consists principally of seasoned operating properties. The Real Estate Trust expects to hold its properties as long-term investments and has no maximum period for retention of any investment. It may acquire additional income-producing properties, expand and improve its properties, or sell such properties, as and when circumstances warrant. The Real Estate Trust also may participate with other entities in property ownership, through joint ventures or other types of co-ownership.
The following tables set forth, at and for the periods indicated, certain information regarding the properties in the Real Estate Trust’s investment portfolio at September 30, 2008.
Hotels
Average Occupancy (2) | Average Room Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended September 30, | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Location | Name | Rooms (1) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||||||
FLORIDA | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Boca Raton | Boca Raton SpringHill Suites | 146 | 60 | % | 68 | % | 72 | % | $ | 95.14 | $ | 95.50 | $ | 102.43 | ||||||||
Boca Raton | Boca Raton TownePlace Suites | 91 | 65 | % | 69 | % | 71 | % | $ | 93.98 | $ | 96.80 | $ | 106.32 | ||||||||
Ft. Lauderdale | Ft. Lauderdale TownePlace Suites | 95 | 59 | % | 63 | % | 72 | % | $ | 100.14 | $ | 109.99 | $ | 99.99 | ||||||||
MARYLAND | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gaithersburg | Gaithersburg Holiday Inn | 301 | 54 | % | 63 | % | 68 | % | $ | 96.77 | $ | 92.73 | $ | 91.71 | ||||||||
Gaithersburg | Gaithersburg TownePlace Suites | 91 | 87 | % | 79 | % | 68 | % | $ | 94.43 | $ | 94.51 | $ | 101.36 | ||||||||
MICHIGAN | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Auburn Hills | Crowne Plaza Auburn Hills | 190 | 58 | % | 67 | % | 67 | % | $ | 101.79 | $ | 99.43 | $ | 98.92 | ||||||||
VIRGINIA | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Arlington | National Airport Crowne Plaza | 308 | 73 | % | 68 | % | 67 | % | $ | 165.00 | $ | 159.76 | $ | 156.17 | ||||||||
Arlington | National Airport Holiday Inn | 280 | 76 | % | 73 | % | 70 | % | $ | 136.30 | $ | 131.03 | $ | 130.51 | ||||||||
Herndon | Herndon Holiday Inn Express | 115 | 73 | % | 80 | % | 79 | % | $ | 125.97 | $ | 120.31 | $ | 113.91 | ||||||||
McLean | Tysons Corner Courtyard | 229 | 73 | % | 77 | % | 77 | % | $ | 165.20 | $ | 163.09 | $ | 162.32 | ||||||||
McLean | Crowne Plaza Tysons Corner | 316 | 65 | % | 65 | % | 68 | % | $ | 142.31 | $ | 145.76 | $ | 140.33 | ||||||||
Sterling | Best Western Dulles(3) | 122 | 63 | % | 78 | % | 78 | % | $ | 95.83 | $ | 117.63 | $ | 117.55 | ||||||||
Sterling | Dulles Airport Holiday Inn | 297 | 75 | % | 77 | % | 73 | % | $ | 102.52 | $ | 108.34 | $ | 122.94 | ||||||||
Sterling | Dulles Airport TownePlace Suites | 95 | 66 | % | 68 | % | 67 | % | $ | 102.04 | $ | 107.09 | $ | 119.97 | ||||||||
Sterling | Cascades Marketplace Hampton Inn | 152 | 69 | % | 80 | % | 73 | % | $ | 118.56 | $ | 111.21 | $ | 114.74 | ||||||||
Sterling | Dulles South Hampton Inn | 137 | 71 | % | 77 | % | 68 | % | $ | 122.56 | $ | 114.80 | $ | 109.87 | ||||||||
Sterling | SpringHill Suites Dulles(4) | 158 | 67 | % | 57 | % | — | $ | 128.38 | $ | 128.50 | — | ||||||||||
Sterling | Hampton North Suites(5) | 170 | 57 | % | — | — | $ | 134.49 | — | — | ||||||||||||
WASHINGTON, D.C. | The Hay Adams | 145 | 74 | % | 76 | % | 79 | % | $ | 438.86 | $ | 422.98 | $ | 401.64 | ||||||||
3,438 | 68 | % | 71 | % | 70 | % | $ | 138.59 | $ | 136.54 | $ | 128.88 | ||||||||||
(1) | Available rooms as of September 30, 2008. |
(2) | Average occupancy is calculated by dividing the rooms occupied by the rooms available. |
(3) | Hotel reflagged from Hampton Inn to Best Western in October, 2007. |
(4) | Construction substantially completed and asset placed in service on January 8, 2007. |
(5) | Construction substantially completed and asset placed in service on October 18, 2007. |
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Office and Industrial
Location | Name | Gross Leasable Area (1) | Leasing Percentages | Expiring Leases (1) | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | Year Ending September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||
FLORIDA | |||||||||||||||||||
Fort Lauderdale | Commerce Center | 61,149 | 86 | % | 97 | % | 100 | % | 28,054 | 6,712 | |||||||||
GEORGIA | |||||||||||||||||||
Atlanta | 900 Circle 75 Parkway | 345,502 | 80 | % | 86 | % | 87 | % | 93,340 | 63,282 | |||||||||
Atlanta | 1000 Circle 75 Parkway | 89,412 | 85 | % | 85 | % | 88 | % | 32,691 | 5,417 | |||||||||
Atlanta | 1100 Circle 75 Parkway | 269,049 | 68 | % | 66 | % | 83 | % | 27,457 | 22,340 | |||||||||
MARYLAND | |||||||||||||||||||
Bethesda | 8001 Wisconsin Avenue | 12,131 | 100 | % | 82 | % | 100 | % | 2,297 | NONE | |||||||||
Laurel | Sweitzer Lane | 150,020 | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | NONE | NONE | |||||||||
Bethesda | Garden Plaza (3) | 177,633 | 99 | % | 100 | % | — | 10,103 | NONE | ||||||||||
VIRGINIA | |||||||||||||||||||
McLean | 8201 Greensboro Drive | 360,854 | 86 | % | 95 | % | 98 | % | 41,456 | 26,901 | |||||||||
McLean | Tysons Park Place | 247,581 | 97 | % | 95 | % | 91 | % | 14,087 | 139,436 | |||||||||
Sterling | Dulles North | 59,886 | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | 59,886 | NONE | |||||||||
Sterling | Dulles North Two | 79,210 | 96 | % | 90 | % | 90 | % | 50,559 | NONE | |||||||||
Sterling | Dulles North Four | 102,376 | 100 | % | 0 | % | 100 | % | NONE | NONE | |||||||||
Sterling | Dulles North Five | 80,391 | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | NONE | 80,391 | |||||||||
Sterling | Dulles North Six | 53,517 | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | NONE | NONE | |||||||||
Sterling | Loudoun Tech I | 81,514 | 84 | % | 100 | % | 75 | % | NONE | 25,055 | |||||||||
Totals | 2,170,225 | 88 | % | 86 | % | 92 | % | 359,930 | (2) | 369,534 | (2) | ||||||||
(1) | Square feet |
(2) | Represents 16.6% and 17.0%, respectively, of the Real Estate Trust’s office and industrial portfolio in terms of square footage as of September 30, 2008. |
(3) | Acquired March 29, 2007. |
Land Parcels
Location | Name | Acres | Zoning | |||||||
FLORIDA | ||||||||||
Boca Raton | Arvida Park of Commerce | 6.5 | Mixed Use | |||||||
Fort Lauderdale | Commerce Center | 1.6 | Office, Warehouse | |||||||
GEORGIA | ||||||||||
Atlanta | Circle 75 (1) | 118.9 | Residential, Office, Industrial | |||||||
KANSAS | ||||||||||
Overland Park | Overland Park | 136.6 | Residential, Office, Retail | |||||||
MICHIGAN | ||||||||||
Auburn Hills | Auburn Hills Holiday Inn | 0.5 | Commercial | |||||||
VIRGINIA | ||||||||||
Ashburn | Ashburn Village | 88.4 | Mixed use | |||||||
Sterling | Cedar Green | 10.2 | Commercial | |||||||
Sterling | Church Road | 32.0 | Office, Industrial | |||||||
Sterling | Sterling Boulevard (1) | 7.2 | Hotel, Industrial | |||||||
Sterling | Loudoun Tech II | 7.4 | Commercial | |||||||
Total | 409.3 | |||||||||
(1) | Development commenced on a portion of the property in fiscal 2006 or 2007 and the applicable value of the land was transferred to Construction in Progress. |
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Other Real Estate Investments
PURCHASE-LEASEBACK PROPERTIES (1)
APARTMENTS
Location | Name | Number of Units | ||
TENNESSEE | ||||
Knoxville | Country Club | 232 | ||
SHOPPING CENTERS | ||||
Location | Name | Gross Leasable Area (2) | ||
GEORGIA | ||||
Warner Robbins | Houston Mall | 264,000 | ||
(1) | The Real Estate Trust owns the land under certain income-producing properties and receives fixed ground rent, which is subject to periodic escalation, from the owners of the improvements. In certain instances, the Real Estate Trust also receives percentage rent based upon the income generated by the properties. |
(2) | Square feet. |
Investment in Saul Holdings Limited Partnership and Saul Centers, Inc.
On August 26, 1993, the Real Estate Trust consummated a series of transactions in connection with the initial public offering of Saul Centers, Inc. (“Saul Centers”) in which it transferred 22 shopping center properties and one of its office properties together with the $196 million of mortgage debt and deferred interest associated with such properties, to a newly organized limited partnership, Saul Holdings Limited Partnership (“Saul Holdings Partnership”), and one of two newly organized subsidiary limited partnerships of Saul Holdings Partnership. In exchange for the transferred properties, the Real Estate Trust received securities representing a 21.5% limited partnership interest in Saul Holdings Partnership. Entities under common control with the Trust received limited partnership interests collectively representing a 5.5% partnership interest in Saul Holdings Partnership in exchange for the transfer of property management functions and certain other properties to Saul Holdings Partnership and its subsidiaries. Saul Centers received a 73.0% general partnership interest in Saul Holdings Partnership in exchange for the contribution of approximately $220.7 million to Saul Holdings Partnership. Affiliates of the Trust received certain cash distributions from Saul Holdings Partnership and purchased 4.0% of the common stock of Saul Centers in a private offering consummated concurrently with the initial public offering of such common stock. Certain officers and trustees of the Trust are also officers and/or directors of Saul Centers. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Management Personnel.”
As of September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust owned, directly or through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, 3,848,000 shares of Saul Centers representing 21.6% of the company’s outstanding common stock.
As of September 30, 2008 the Real Estate Trust owned, directly or through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries, 4,378,000 units of limited partnership interests in Saul Holdings Partnership, representing an 18.8% limited partnership interest. The Real Estate Trust owns rights enabling it to convert its limited partnership interests in Saul Holdings Partnership into shares of Saul Centers’ common stock on the basis of one share of Saul Centers’ common stock for each partnership unit. However, under the terms of the limited partnership agreement of Saul Holdings Partnership, at the current time, a portion of the units may not be converted into shares of Saul Centers’ common stock because the conversion would cause the Real Estate Trust and certain affiliates of the Trust to exceed the ownership limitation under our articles of incorporation, which restricts the amount of our equity they may constructively or beneficially own, denoted by reference to provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the Code.
The shares of Saul Centers’ common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under trading symbol “BFS.”
Saul Centers operates as a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. Under the Code, REITs are subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements. If Saul Centers continues to qualify as a REIT, it generally will not be subject to federal income tax, provided it makes certain distributions to its stockholders and meets certain organizational and other requirements. Saul Centers has made and has announced that it intends to continue to make regular quarterly dividend distributions to its stockholders.
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Allocations and Distributions of Saul Holdings Partnership: The net income or net loss of Saul Holdings Partnership for tax purposes generally will be allocated to Saul Centers and the limited partners in accordance with their percentage interests, subject to compliance with the applicable provisions of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Net cash flow after reserves of Saul Holdings Partnership and after reimbursement of specified expenses will be distributed quarterly to the partners in proportion to their respective partnership interests.
Competition
As an owner of, or investor in, commercial real estate properties, the Real Estate Trust is subject to competition from a variety of other owners of similar properties in connection with their sale, lease or other disposition and use. Management believes that success in such competition is dependent upon the geographic location of the property, the performance of property managers, the amount of new construction in the area and the maintenance and appearance of the property. Additional competitive factors with respect to commercial and industrial properties are the ease of access to the property, the adequacy of related facilities such as parking, and the ability to provide rent concessions and additional tenant improvements while keeping rents competitive. Management believes that general economic circumstances and trends and new properties in the vicinity of each of the Real Estate Trust’s properties also will be competitive factors.
Environmental Matters
The Real Estate Trust’s properties are subject to various laws and regulations relating to environmental and pollution controls. The Real Estate Trust requires an environmental study to be performed with respect to a property that may be subject to possible environmental hazards prior to its acquisition to ascertain that there are no material environmental hazards associated with such property. Although the effect upon the Real Estate Trust of the application of environmental and pollution laws and regulations cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that their application either prospectively or retrospectively will not have a material adverse effect on the Real Estate Trust’s property operations.
Holding Company Regulation
The Trust, the Saul Company, Chevy Chase Property Company, referred to in this report as “CCPC,” and CCPC’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Westminster Investing Corporation, collectively referred to in this report as the “Holding Companies,” are registered as “savings and loan holding companies” because of their direct or indirect ownership interests in the Bank, and are subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the OTS. The Bank is prohibited from making or guaranteeing loans or advances to or for the benefit of the Holding Companies or other affiliates engaged in activities beyond those permissible for bank holding companies and from investing in the securities of the Holding Companies or other affiliates. Transactions between the Bank and the Holding Companies must be on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to the Bank, as those that would be available to non-affiliates.
OTS supervision of the Holding Companies includes a review of the adequacy of the Holding Companies’ capital, their level of debt, and their ability to fund outstanding debt obligations, and OTS guidance suggests that particular scrutiny will be given to holding companies that, like the Holding Companies, are engaged in real estate activities.
The Holding Companies must obtain OTS approval before acquiring any federally insured savings institution or any savings and loan holding company. The status of the Holding Companies as “unitary thrift holding companies” and the activities in which the Holding Companies may engage have been grandfathered under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the “GLB Act”). As grandfathered unitary thrift holding companies, the Holding Companies are virtually unrestricted in the types of business activities in which they may engage provided the Bank continues to meet the QTL test. See “Banking—Qualified Thrift Lender (“QTL”) Test.” The GLB Act prohibits the sale of grandfathered unitary thrift holding companies such as the Holding Companies (together with their thrift subsidiaries) or their thrift subsidiaries alone to commercial companies. Corporate reorganizations are expressly permitted.
If the Holding Companies were to acquire one or more federally insured institutions and operate them as separate subsidiaries rather than merging them into the Bank, the Holding Companies would become “multiple” savings and loan holding companies. As multiple savings and loan holding companies, the Holding Companies would be subject to limitations on the types of business activities in which they would be permitted to engage, unless the additional thrifts were troubled institutions acquired pursuant to certain emergency acquisition provisions and all subsidiary thrifts met the QTL test. The Holding Companies may acquire and operate additional savings institution subsidiaries outside of Maryland and Virginia only if the laws of the target institution’s state specifically permit such acquisitions or if the acquisitions are made pursuant to emergency acquisition provisions.
The Trust and the Saul Company entered into an agreement with OTS’s predecessor, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, to maintain the Bank’s regulatory capital at the required levels, and, if necessary, to infuse additional capital to enable the Bank to meet those requirements. Since the execution of this agreement, the OTS has changed its policy and no longer requires such agreements from companies acquiring thrift institutions. In addition, the regulatory capital requirements applicable to the Bank have changed significantly as a result of FIRREA. The OTS has stated that capital maintenance agreements entered into prior to the modification of OTS policy and the enactment of FIRREA were not affected by those changes. The Trust and the Saul Company have not sought to modify the existing agreement. To the extent the Bank is unable to meet regulatory capital requirements in the future, the OTS could seek to enforce the obligations of the Trust and the Saul Company under the agreement.
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If the Bank were to become “undercapitalized” under the prompt corrective action regulations, it would be required to file a capital restoration plan with the OTS setting forth, among other things, the steps the Bank would take to become “adequately capitalized.” The OTS could not accept the plan unless the Holding Companies guaranteed in writing the Bank’s compliance with that plan. The aggregate liability of the Holding Companies under such a commitment would be limited to the lesser of:
• | an amount equal to 5.0% of the Bank’s total assets at the time the Bank became “undercapitalized,” and |
• | the amount necessary to bring the Bank into compliance with all applicable capital standards as of the time the Bank fails to comply with its capital plan. |
If the Holding Companies refused to provide the guarantee, the Bank would be subject to the more restrictive supervisory actions applicable to “significantly undercapitalized” institutions. See “Banking—Prompt Corrective Action.”
BANKING
Regulation
Federal Home Loan Bank System. The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Atlanta, which is one of 12 FHLBs, each serving as central credit facilities for their members. Their primary credit mission is to facilitate residential mortgage lending and support community and economic development activity in rural and urban communities. The Bank regularly obtains advances from the FHLB of Atlanta. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had outstanding advances of $1.9 billion. See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report and “Deposits and Other Sources of Funds – Borrowings.”
On July 30, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (“HERA”), which, in part, replaced the Federal Housing Finance Board with the Federal Housing Finance Authority (“FHFA”) as the independent agency that regulates the FHLBs. HERA also established the FHFA as the new regulator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, replacing the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (“OFHEO”). HERA provides the FHFA with broad regulatory authority, similar to the authority of other federal financial regulators, to ensure the safe and sound operations of the FHLBs, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. See “Regulation – Recent Legislative and Regulatory Developments.”
As a member of the FHLB of Atlanta, the Bank is required to acquire and hold shares of capital stock in that bank in an amount equal to the greater of:
• | 1.0% of mortgage-related assets; |
• | $500; or |
• | 5.0% of outstanding advances. |
The Bank had an investment of $110.6 million in the capital stock of the FHLB of Atlanta at September 30, 2008. The Bank earned dividends on that stock of $5.8 million and $6.5 million during the years ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The FHFA prohibits FHLBs that have existing excess stock exceeding 1% of the FHLB’s total assets from paying dividends to members in the form of stock or otherwise issue additional shares of excess stock. Excess stock is stock that is held by members and that exceeds the minimum amount of FHLB stock they are required to hold.
Membership in the FHLB is voluntary for federal thrifts like the Bank. Because membership is required to obtain advances from the FHLB and the Bank continues to rely on FHLB advances as an important source of funds, the Bank currently intends to retain its voluntary membership in the FHLB of Atlanta. The ongoing credit turmoil has caused the FHLB system to experience difficulty in issuing debt. As a result, certain member programs have been temporarily suspended.
Liquidity Requirements.The Bank is required to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure its safe and sound operation. Failure to do so could subject the Bank to monetary penalties imposed by the OTS. Management believes that the Bank’s ratio of cash and cash equivalents and other liquid assets to deposits and short-term borrowings of 7.5% at September 30, 2008 was sufficient to ensure the Bank’s safe and sound operation.
At September 30, 2008, the estimated remaining collateral, after market value and other adjustments, of that portion of the Bank’s assets that may be pledged to the FHLB of Atlanta, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and various wholesale lenders totaled $5.1 billion, or 32.9% of total assets. The Bank can borrow from the FHLB of Atlanta an aggregate amount of up to 50% of the Bank’s total assets, provided that the Bank has sufficient collateral to pledge against the advances and subject to certain limitations and conditions imposed by the FHLB of Atlanta.
Deposit Insurance Premiums. Under FDIC insurance regulations, the Bank is required to pay premiums for insurance of its deposit accounts into the Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”). The FDIC annually sets the reserve level of the DIF within a statutory range of between 1.15% to 1.50% of insured deposits. The FDIC set the reserve level at 1.25% in 2007 and it remained at that level for 2008. If the reserve level of the insurance fund falls below 1.15%, or is expected to do so within six months, the FDIC must adopt a restoration plan that will restore the DIF to a 1.15% ratio generally within five years. If the reserve level exceeds 1.35%, the FDIC may return some of the excess in the form of dividends to insured institutions.
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Under the FDIC’s risk-based premium system, which was significantly revised effective January 1, 2007, the amount of an institution’s deposit insurance premiums is based upon its classification in one of four risk categories based on overall supervisory ratings and prompt corrective action categories.
Highly rated, well-capitalized institutions generally remain in the lowest risk category. However, unlike the system in place prior to January 1, 2007 under which those institutions paid no deposit insurance premiums, premiums for those institutions now range between five and seven basis points depending on a variety of factors. For institutions like the Bank, those factors are supervisory ratings in various categories and long-term debt ratings. The Bank’s specific premium is determined by a mathematical formula incorporating those factors, subject to supervisory adjustments of up to 0.5 basis points. Institutions in the three higher risk categories currently pay premiums of 10, 28 or 43 basis points.
In October 2008, the FDIC determined that the reserve ratio had fallen below 1.15% and as a result created a restoration plan to restore the DIF reserve ratio to 1.15%. As part of this restoration plan, on December 16, 2008 the FDIC finalized a rule uniformly increasing deposit insurance premiums for the first quarter of 2009 by seven basis points over the current premiums. Under this financial rule, in the first quarter of 2009, institutions in the lowest risk category will be assessed deposit insurance premiums between 12 and 14 basis points, and the factors that determine an institution’s specific premium will remain unchanged. Institutions in the three higher risk categories will pay premiums of 17, 35 or 50 basis points.
In addition, the FDIC has proposed adopting new initial base assessment rates to be effective April 1, 2009 and add new factors to the calculation that determines a financial institution’s specific deposit insurance premium.
This proposed rule would establish new initial base assessment rates consisting of a range of 10 to 14 basis points for the lowest risk category institutions and premiums of 20, 30 or 45 basis points for institutions in the three higher risk categories. These base assessment rates would then be increased or decreased according to a formula that would incorporate new factors, including possible increases for institutions that have a ratio of secured liabilities, such as FHLB borrowings, to total deposits of over 15%. As of September 30, 2008, the Bank’s ratio of secured liabilities to total deposits was 16.7%. Under the proposal, the Bank’s premiums could vary between eight and 21 basis points, subject to a discretionary supervisory adjustment of up to one full basis point.
Based upon its classification as of September 30, 2008, the Bank anticipates paying deposit insurance premiums of between $16.5 million and $25.8 million in fiscal 2009, assuming the proposed restoration plan is adopted without any substantive changes and the deposit base does not change. The Bank also will be required to pay an additional assessment of 10 basis points on balances over $250,000 in non-interest checking accounts under a separate FDIC liquidity program. See Recent Legislation and Regulatory Developments.
Commercial banks and thrifts continue to be required to share in the payment of interest due on Financing Corporation (“FICO”) bonds used to provide liquidity to the savings and loan industry in the 1980s. Annual FICO assessments added to deposit insurance premiums ranged from 1.12 to 1.14 basis points during the Bank’s 2008 fiscal year.
Deposit insurance may be terminated by the FDIC, after notice and a 30-day corrective period, if the FDIC finds that the Bank has engaged in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, order or condition imposed by the FDIC. The 30-day period may be eliminated by the FDIC with the approval of the OTS.
Regulatory Capital
The Bank is subject to:
• | a minimum tangible capital requirement; |
• | a minimum core (or leverage) capital requirement; and |
• | a minimum risk-based capital requirement. |
Each of these requirements generally must be no less stringent than the capital standards for national banks. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s tangible capital ratio was 5.96%, its core (or leverage) capital ratio was 5.96%, and its total risk-based capital ratio was 11.67%, compared to the minimum requirements of 1.5%, 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively.
The tangible capital requirement adopted by the OTS requires the Bank to maintain “tangible capital” in an amount not less than 1.5% of tangible assets. “Tangible capital” is defined as core capital less investments in certain subsidiaries and any intangible assets (including supervisory goodwill), plus qualifying servicing assets valued at the amount that can be included in core capital.
Under the minimum leverage capital requirement, Chevy Chase must maintain a ratio of “core capital” to tangible assets of not less than 4.0%. “Core capital” generally includes common shareholders’ equity, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries, less investments, in certain subsidiaries and certain intangible assets.
Under OTS regulations, servicing assets can be included in core capital in an amount up to 100% of core capital. Non-mortgage servicing assets are subject to a sublimit of 25% of core capital. For these purposes, servicing assets are valued at the lesser of 90% of fair market value or 100% of the current unamortized book value. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had qualifying servicing assets with a carrying value of $143.6 million, which constituted 15.6% of core capital at that date.
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The OTS’s risk-based capital requirements require the Bank to maintain varying amounts of capital for an asset based on the degree of credit risk associated with that asset and to convert off-balance sheet items to on-balance sheet equivalent amounts in computing the Bank’s risk-based capital ratio.
There are currently four categories of risk-weightings:
• | 0% for cash and similar assets; |
• | 20% for qualifying mortgage-backed securities; |
• | 50% for qualifying residential permanent real estate loans; and |
• | 100% for other assets, including consumer loans, commercial real estate loans, loans more than 90 days past due, and real estate acquired in settlement of loans. |
The Bank generally must maintain risk-based capital equal to 8.0% of risk-weighted assets, with at least half of that amount in the form of core capital.
Under OTS regulations, residential mortgage loans with negative amortization features that are initially assigned to the 50% risk-weighting may have to be reassigned to the 100% risk-weighting if, as a result of negative amortization, the loan-to-value ratios are no longer “commensurate” with the risk associated with the loans.
Capital also must be maintained against assets sold with recourse despite the fact that the assets are accounted for as having been sold. The current rules:
• | require that risk-based capital be held in an amount equal to the amount of residual interests (which include interest-only certificates and/or interest-only strips receivable (referred to collectively as “interest-only strips receivable”), spread accounts, cash collateral accounts, over-collateralization of receivables, retained subordinated interests and other similar forms of on-balance sheet assets that function as credit enhancements) that are retained on balance sheet following a securitization, net of any deferred tax liability (sometimes referred to as “dollar-for-dollar capital”), even if that amount exceeds the otherwise applicable capital requirement on the underlying loans; |
• | require a deduction from Tier 1 capital equal to the amount of credit enhancing interest-only strips receivable that exceeds 25% of Tier 1 capital; and |
• | apply a “ratings-based approach” that sets capital requirements for positions in securitizations according to their relative risk exposure. |
At September 30, 2008, because of the priority in the allocation of cash flows in its securitization transactions, none of the Bank’s interest-only strips were considered credit enhancing interest-only strips receivable.
The Bank may use supplementary capital to satisfy the risk-based capital requirement up to an amount equal to its core capital. Supplementary capital includes cumulative perpetual preferred stock, qualifying non-perpetual preferred stock, qualifying subordinated debt, and allowances for loan losses up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had $278.9 million in its allowance for loan losses, $130.5 million of which was includable as supplementary capital.
Subordinated debt may be included in supplementary capital with OTS approval subject to a phase-out based on its remaining term to maturity. The phase-out permits these instruments to be included in supplementary capital under one of two options:
• | at the beginning of each of the last five years prior to the maturity date of the instrument, the Bank must reduce the amount eligible to be included by 20% of the original amount, or |
• | during the seven years immediately prior to an instrument’s maturity, the Bank may include only the aggregate amount of maturing capital instruments that mature in any one year that does not exceed 20% of its capital. |
The Bank uses the second option for its 6-7/8% subordinated debentures due 2013 (the “2003 Debentures”) and must continue to use that option for any future issuances as long as the prior issuance remains outstanding. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had $175.0 million in maturing subordinated capital instruments, all of which was includable as supplementary capital.
All or a portion of the assets of each of the Bank’s subsidiaries are generally consolidated with the assets of the Bank for regulatory capital purposes unless all of the Bank’s investments in, and extensions of credit to, those subsidiaries are deducted from capital. The Bank’s investments in, and loans to, subsidiaries engaged in activities not permissible for a national bank are, with certain exceptions, deducted from capital under each of the three regulatory capital requirements. The Bank’s real estate development subsidiaries are its only subsidiaries engaged in activities not permissible for a national bank. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s investments in, and loans to, these “non-includable subsidiaries” totaled approximately $3.4 million, all of which was deducted from tangible capital.
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OTS capital regulations also require a 100% deduction from total capital of all equity investments that are not permissible for national banks. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had one property, with a book value of $2.4 million, which was treated as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes.
OTS capital regulations provide a five-year holding period for real estate acquired in settlement of loans (“REO” or “real estate held for sale”) to qualify for an exception from treatment as an equity investment. The five year period may be extended by the OTS. If an REO property is considered an equity investment, its then-current book value is deducted from total capital. Accordingly, if the Bank is unable to dispose of any REO property prior to the end of its applicable five-year holding period and is unable to obtain an extension of that five-year holding period from the OTS, the Bank could be required to deduct the then-current book value of such REO property from risk-based capital. In December 2008, the Bank received from the OTS additional extensions through December 15, 2009 of the holding periods for certain of its REO properties acquired through foreclosure in fiscal years 1990 and 1995. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Capital.”
On November 1, 2007, the OTS and the other U.S. federal financial institution regulators issued final regulations implementing the most “advanced approach” version of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s revised risk-based capital framework for the largest U.S. banks. The new framework, referred to as Basel II, replaces the Basel Committee’s 1988 risk-based capital accord, which forms the basis for the current risk-based capital requirements of the OTS and the other U.S. federal financial institution regulators. The Basel II regulations are designed to improve the risk sensitivity of the existing risk-based capital requirements and to enhance the risk measurement and management practices of large internationally active U.S. banking organizations. Key components of the final U.S. version of Basel II include the following:
• | requiring banks to maintain additional capital for operational risk based on their individual operational risk profile, as determined using their internal models; |
• | establishing a new mathematical models-based methodology for calculating minimum capital that relies on a bank’s internal risk measurement system to estimate various risk factors, including probability of default, loss-given-default, exposure-at-default and maturity, for its general credit (including wholesale and retail exposures), securitization and equity exposures; |
• | improving the sensitivity of capital adequacy standards to market risks that are not adequately captured under the current rules; |
• | requiring banks to develop a rigorous internal process for assessing their overall capital adequacy in relation to their total risk profile through various economic cycles, with these internal models subject to detailed supervisory review; and |
• | requiring banks to make enhanced public and supervisory disclosures of their capital structure, risk exposures and risk assessment processes. |
Implementation of the Basel II “advanced approach” in the United States began on April 1, 2008. The Bank is not subject to these Basel II “advanced approach” requirements.
On July 29, 2008, the OTS and the other federal banking agencies proposed new capital rules based on the “standard approach” version of the Basel II risk-based capital framework. As proposed, financial institutions would have the option of either adopting the “standardized approach” or retaining the current general risk-based capital requirements. Key components of the Basel II “standardized approach” include the following:
• | requiring banks to maintain additional capital for operational risk based on their recent financial performance, as determined by a prescribed formula; |
• | improving the sensitivity of capital adequacy standards to market risks by increasing the number of risk-weights used to categorize bank exposures; |
• | calculating the risk-weight of residential mortgage loans based on the underlying loan-to-value ratio; |
• | imposing lower risk-weights for consumer and small business loans, compared to current capital rules; |
• | expanding the use of external and internal credit ratings to calculate risk weights for securitizations and other exposures; |
• | allowing for the recognition of additional forms of financial collateral and guarantors; and |
• | requiring banks to make enhanced public and supervisory disclosures of their capital structure, risk exposures and risk assessment processes. |
The comment period for this “standardized approach” proposal expired on October 27, 2008, but the rule has not yet been finalized. The Bank is unable to predict at this time whether or in what form any final changes to the capital requirements will be adopted by the OTS or their potential impact on the Bank.
The Bank’s ability to maintain capital compliance depends on a number of factors, including, for example, changes in regulatory requirements, general economic conditions and the condition of local markets. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Capital.” The OTS has the authority to require the Bank to maintain capital at levels above the minimum levels generally required, based on a variety of factors, including excessive exposure to interest rate risk, concentrations of credit risk, risks arising from non-traditional activities, and the Bank’s ability to manage those risks. The OTS has not imposed a higher requirement on the Bank.
Prompt Corrective Action. The OTS and the other federal banking agencies have adopted regulations which apply to every FDIC-insured commercial bank and thrift institution a system of mandatory and discretionary supervisory actions, which generally become more severe as the capital levels of an individual institution decline. The regulations establish five capital categories for purposes of determining an institution’s treatment under these prompt corrective action provisions.
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An institution is categorized as “well capitalized” under the regulations if (i) it has a leverage ratio of at least 5.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0% and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0%, and (ii) is not subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive issued by the OTS to meet and maintain a specific capital level.
An institution is considered “adequately capitalized” if its leverage ratio is at least 4.0% (3.0% if rated in the highest supervisory category), its tier 1 risk-based capital ratio is at least 4.0% and its total risk-based capital ratio is at least 8.0%.
An institution with a leverage ratio below 4.0% (3.0% if rated in the highest supervisory category), a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio below 4.0% or a total risk-based capital ratio below 8.0% is considered “undercapitalized.” An institution with a leverage ratio or tier 1 risk-based ratio under 3.0% or a total risk-based ratio under 6.0% is considered “significantly undercapitalized.” Finally, an institution is considered “critically undercapitalized,” and subject to provisions mandating appointment of a conservator or receiver, if its ratio of “tangible equity” to total assets is 2.0% or less. “Tangible equity” generally includes core capital plus cumulative perpetual preferred stock.
An institution’s classification category can be downgraded if, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, the OTS determines that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or has received and has not corrected a less than satisfactory examination rating for asset quality, management, earnings or liquidity. The Bank has not received notice from the OTS of any potential downgrade.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s leverage ratio of 5.96%, its tier 1 risk-based ratio of 8.77%, and its total risk-based capital ratio of 11.67% exceeded the minimum ratios established for “well-capitalized” institutions.
Qualified Thrift Lender Test. The Bank must meet a Qualified Thrift Lender (“QTL”) test to avoid imposition of certain restrictions. The QTL test requires the Bank to maintain a “thrift investment percentage” equal to a minimum of 65%. The numerator of the percentage is the Bank’s “qualified thrift investments” and the denominator is the Bank’s “portfolio assets.” “Portfolio assets” is defined as total assets minus
• | the Bank’s premises and equipment used to conduct the Bank’s business; |
• | liquid assets up to 20% of total assets; and |
• | intangible assets, including goodwill. |
The QTL test must be met on a monthly average basis in nine out of every 12 months.
“Qualified thrift investments” consist of residential housing loans (including home equity loans and manufactured housing loans), mortgage-backed securities, FHLB and Fannie Mae stock, small business loans, credit card loans and educational loans. Portions of other assets can also be included, provided that the total does not exceed 20% of portfolio assets. Assets in this category include consumer loans (other than credit card and educational loans); 50% of residential housing loans originated and sold within 90 days; investments in real estate-oriented service corporations and 200% of mortgage loans for residences, churches, schools, nursing homes and small businesses in low- or moderate-income areas where credit demand exceeds supply. Intangible assets, including goodwill, are specifically excluded from qualified thrift investments.
The Bank had 90.2% of its assets invested in qualified thrift investments at September 30, 2008, and met the QTL test in each of the previous 12 months.
An institution that fails to meet the QTL test is subject to significant penalties. Immediately after failing the QTL test, the institution may not:
• | make any new investment or engage directly or indirectly in any other new activity unless the investment or activity would be permissible for a national bank; |
• | establish any new branch office at any location at which a national bank could not establish a branch office; |
• | obtain new advances from the FHLB; or |
• | pay dividends beyond the amounts permissible if it were a national bank. |
One year following an institution’s failure to meet the QTL test, the institution’s holding company parent must register and be subject to supervision as a bank holding company. Three years after failure to meet the QTL test, an institution may not retain any investments or engage in any activities that would be impermissible for a national bank. Failure to meet the QTL test also could limit the Bank’s ability to establish and maintain branches outside of its home state of Virginia.
To the extent the Bank is engages in activities that are not currently permissible for national banks, such as investing in subsidiaries that engage in real estate development activities, failure to satisfy the QTL test would require the Bank to terminate these activities and divest itself of any prohibited assets held at such time. Based on a review of the Bank’s current activities, management of the Bank believes that compliance with these restrictions would not have a significant adverse effect on the Bank. However, the Trust, which owns 80% of the common stock of the Bank, is engaged in real estate ownership and development activities currently prohibited for bank and financial holding companies. As a result, failure by the Bank to meet the QTL test, in the absence of a significant restructuring of The Trust’s operations, would, in effect, require The Trust to reduce its ownership of the Bank to a level at which it no longer would be deemed to control the Bank. See “Holding Company Regulation.”
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The Bank has taken, and will continue to take, steps to meet the QTL test by structuring its balance sheet to include the required percentage of qualified thrift investments.
Dividends and Other Capital Distributions. OTS regulations limit the ability of the Bank to make “capital distributions.” “Capital distributions” include payment of dividends, stock repurchases, cash-out mergers, repurchases of subordinated debt and other distributions charged against the capital accounts of an institution. The regulations do not apply to interest or principal payments on debt, including interest or principal payments on the Bank’s outstanding subordinated debentures.
The Bank must notify the OTS before making any capital distribution. In addition, the Bank must apply to the OTS to make any capital distribution if the Bank does not qualify for expedited treatment under OTS regulations. If the Bank qualifies for expedited treatment, an application is required only if the total amount of all of the Bank’s capital distributions for the year exceeds the sum of the Bank’s net income for the year and its retained net income for the previous two years.
In considering a notice or application, the OTS will not permit a capital distribution if:
• | the Bank would be undercapitalized following the distribution; |
• | the capital distribution raises safety and soundness concerns; or |
• | the capital distribution violates any statute, regulation, agreement with the OTS, or condition imposed by the OTS. |
The OTS has conditioned the Bank’s payments of common stock dividends on the Bank’s maintaining its well-capitalized status and there can be no assurance that the OTS will not impose a similar condition on payment of dividends on the 8% Preferred Stock.
Dividends paid on the 10 3/8% Noncumulative Exchangeable Preferred Stock, Series A, (the “REIT Preferred Stock”) issued by the Bank’s subsidiary, Chevy Chase Preferred Capital Corporation (the “REIT Subsidiary”), are not considered “capital distributions” provided the Bank is classified as “well capitalized.” However, if the Bank were not classified as “well capitalized,” the entire amount of the REIT Subsidiary preferred dividends would be treated as a capital distribution. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Capital.”
Failure of the Bank to remain well capitalized, therefore, could have a material adverse effect on the Bank’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock, preferred stock and REIT Preferred Stock.
In May 1988, in connection with the merger of a Virginia thrift into the Bank, the B.F. Saul Company (the “Saul Company”) and The Trust entered into a capital maintenance agreement in which they agreed not to cause the Bank, without prior written approval of the OTS, to pay dividends in any fiscal year in excess of 50% of the Bank’s net income for that fiscal year, provided that any dividends permitted under such limitation could be deferred and paid in a subsequent year.
The Bank is subject to other limitations on its ability to pay dividends. Under the indenture pursuant to which the Bank’s 2003 Debentures were issued, the Bank may not pay dividends on its stock unless, after giving effect to the dividend, no default or event of default has occurred and is continuing under the indenture and the Bank is in compliance with its regulatory capital requirements. In addition, the amount of the dividend (together with any other “restricted payments” under the indenture) may not exceed the sum of:
• | $50.0 million; |
• | 66 2/3% of the Bank’s consolidated net income (as defined) accrued on a cumulative basis commencing October 1, 2002; and |
• | the aggregate cash proceeds received by the Bank after October 1, 2002 from the sale of qualified capital stock or certain debt securities, minus the aggregate amount of any restricted payments (and certain amounts used to redeem securities) made by the Bank. |
Dividends on the 8% Preferred Stock and the REIT Preferred Stock are excluded from this limit on restricted payments.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Capital” and “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”
The payment of any dividends on the Bank’s common stock and preferred stock will be determined by the Board of Directors based on the Bank’s liquidity, asset quality profile, capital adequacy and recent earnings history, as well as economic conditions and other factors that the Board of Directors determines are relevant, including applicable government regulations and policies. See “Deposits and Other Sources of Funds – Borrowings.”
Lending Limits. The Bank generally is prohibited from lending to one borrower and its related entities amounts in excess of 15% of unimpaired capital and unimpaired surplus. The Bank may lend an additional 10% for loans fully secured by readily marketable collateral. The Bank’s regulatory lending limit was approximately $184.1 million at September 30, 2008, and no group relationships exceeded this limit at that date.
Safety and Soundness Standards. The federal financial institution regulators have developed standards to evaluate the operations of depository institutions, as well as standards relating to asset quality, earnings and compensation. The operational standards cover internal controls and audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and employee compensation. An institution that fails to meet a standard that is imposed through regulation may be required to submit a plan for corrective action within 30 days. If a savings association fails to submit or implement an acceptable plan, the OTS must order it to correct the deficiency, and may:
• | restrict its rate of asset growth; |
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• | prohibit asset growth entirely; |
• | require the institution to increase its ratio of tangible equity to assets; |
• | restrict the interest rate paid on deposits to the prevailing rates of interest on deposits of comparable amounts and maturities; or |
• | require the institution to take any other action the OTS determines will better carry out the purpose of prompt corrective action. |
Imposition of these sanctions is within the discretion of the OTS in most cases, but is mandatory if the savings institution commenced operations or experienced a change in control during the 24 months preceding the institution’s failure to meet these standards, or underwent extraordinary growth during the preceding 18 months.
The asset quality standards require that the Bank establish and maintain a system to identify problem assets and prevent deterioration of those assets. The earnings standards require that the Bank establish and maintain a system to evaluate and monitor earnings and ensure that earnings are sufficient to maintain adequate capital and reserves.
The OTS and the other federal banking regulators have published guidance on the risks relating to “nontraditional mortgage products,” which include the Bank’s payment option and interest-only loan products. The guidance addresses:
• | loan terms and underwriting standards including the need to qualify borrowers at the fully-indexed rate assuming a fully-amortizing payment and taking into account potential negative amortization, to avoid inappropriate use of “reduced documentation” or “stated income” loans, and to set introductory rates that minimize the likelihood of significantly increased borrower payments; |
• | portfolio and risk management practices, including appropriate monitoring and reporting systems, oversight of third-party originators, and adequate capital and allowances for loan losses; and |
• | consumer protection issues, including recommendations for the timing and content of appropriate disclosures about the costs, terms, features and risks of these types of loans. |
Management believes that the Bank’s lending policies and practices currently comply with this guidance, although the Bank stopped originating payment option mortgage loans in April 2008.
The OTS also has issued final guidance requiring thrifts actively engaged in commercial real estate (“CRE”) lending to identify and monitor their CRE loan concentrations, establish internal concentration limits, and implement appropriate risk management procedures based on the size and risks of their CRE portfolios. The guidance also identifies criteria that will be used by the OTS to identify those institutions with “CRE concentration risk” that may be subject to enhanced supervisory review. Based on those criteria, the Bank does not expect its existing CRE lending activities to be subject to enhanced review and does not expect the new guidelines to have a material effect on its operations.
Regulatory Assessments. The OTS imposes five separate fees to fund its operations:
• | semi-annual assessments for all savings institutions; |
• | examination fees for certain affiliates of savings institutions; |
• | application fees; |
• | securities filing fees; and |
• | publication fees. |
Of these fees, the semi-annual assessments are the most significant, totaling $2.6 million for the Bank for the 12 month period ending December 31, 2008. Recent developments, such as the failure of IndyMac Bank in July 2008 and the acquisition of Washington Mutual Bank in September 2008, whose assessment revenues together represented approximately 15 percent of the OTS’s annual budget, may require the OTS to increase semi-annual assessment and/or other fees.
The OTS formula for charging examination and supervisory assessments imposes a surcharge on institutions with a supervisory rating of 3, 4 or 5. Surcharges are also imposed on “complex institutions,” which the OTS defines as any institution with over $1 billion of off-balance sheet assets consisting of loans serviced for others, trust assets and recourse obligations or direct credit substitutes. The Bank is treated as a “complex institution” for these purposes.
Environmental Regulation. The Bank’s business and properties are subject to federal and state laws and regulations governing environmental matters, including the regulation of hazardous substances and wastes. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA”), and under some state laws, owners of properties and secured lenders who take a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, purchase a mortgaged property at a foreclosure sale, or operate a mortgaged property may become liable in some circumstances for the costs of cleaning up hazardous substances regardless of whether they have contaminated the property. These costs could exceed the original or unamortized principal balance of a loan or the value of the property securing a loan. The Bank is eligible in many instances for an exemption from CERCLA liability as a secured creditor, provided the Bank does not participate in the management of a property and only acts to protect its security interest in the property. Under this exemption, the Bank may foreclose on a mortgaged property, purchase it
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at a foreclosure sale or accept a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, provided it seeks to sell the mortgaged property at the earliest practicable commercially reasonable time on commercially reasonable terms. Other federal and state environmental laws may impose additional liabilities in certain circumstances, including certain state laws that impose environmental liens that could be senior to the Bank’s prior recorded liens. These laws may influence the Bank’s decision whether to foreclose on property that is found to be contaminated. The Bank’s general policy is to obtain an environmental assessment prior to foreclosing on commercial property.
Recent Legislative and Regulatory Developments. On March 3, 2008, the New York Attorney General entered into an agreement with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (each, a government-sponsored entity or “GSE”), and its former regulator OFHEO, that require the GSEs to only purchase loans from banks that meet new standards designed to ensure independent and reliable appraisals. These standards, which are scheduled to take effect January 1, 2009, in part prohibit:
• | lenders from using any appraisal prepared by an appraiser employed by the lender or by any company that the lender owns or controls, in whole or in part; |
• | lenders or their agents from influencing or attempting to influence an appraisal through coercion, inducement, compensation or any other method; and |
• | employees of a lender’s loan production staff, as well as certain other employees, from selecting, influencing the selection of or communicating with an appraiser or, in certain circumstances, working with employees who conduct such activities. |
The Bank is reviewing its appraisal policies in light of these new standards. On July 14, 2008, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”) issued a final rule amending home mortgage provisions in Regulation Z which implements the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”). The rule establishes a new category of “higher-priced mortgage loans,” which is defined to cover closed-end subprime mortgage loans. The Bank does not expect to make “higher priced mortgage loans” in the near future. When making such “higher-priced mortgage loans,” lenders:
• | cannot make a loan without regard to the borrowers’ ability to repay the loan from income and assets other than the home’s value; |
• | cannot rely on income or assets that they did not verify to determine repayment ability; |
• | cannot impose a prepayment penalty if the mortgage payment can change during the first four years of the loan, otherwise, a prepayment penalty period cannot last for more than two years; and |
• | must establish an escrow account for the payment of property taxes and homeowners’ insurance for first-lien mortgages. |
In addition, Regulation Z imposes new restrictions for all closed-end mortgage loans, such as barring certain servicing practices and prohibiting a creditor or broker from coercing or encouraging an appraiser to misrepresent the value of a home. Finally, the new rule requires that advertisements for any mortgage loan must contain additional information about rates, monthly payments, and other loan features and specifically prohibits several new types of deceptive or misleading advertising practices.
On July 30, 2008, in response to recent economic difficulties, HERA was enacted. The law, in part:
• | replaces the OFHEO and the Federal Housing Finance Board with the FHFA, creating a uniform regulator for the FHLBs, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; |
• | gives the FHFA the broad authority to regulate these entities, including the power to place them into conservatorship; |
• | increases the high-cost area loan limits for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Housing Administration; |
• | establishes a foreclosure prevention program within the Federal Housing Administration and allocates funds to redevelop areas with high foreclosure rates; |
• | adds several new amendments to TILA, which provide for new, earlier disclosures for closed-end mortgages, an exemption from liability for servicers of securitized mortgages under certain conditions, and higher statutory damages for violations of TILA in individual actions; and |
• | imposes a new requirement that employees engaged in residential mortgage loan origination activities, including employees of the Bank, become registered with a “Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System and Registry.” |
On September 7, 2008, the FHFA exercised its authority under HERA and placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As part of this process, the FHFA appointed new management for both GSEs, and suspended dividend payments on all common and preferred stock. In addition, the GSEs entered into agreements with the Treasury that provide, in part, that the Treasury will:
• | supply, for an indefinite duration, up to $100 billion in funding to each GSE; |
• | immediately receive $1 billion in preferred shares from each GSE, senior to any outstanding or later-issued common or preferred shares, and also receive warrants to purchase up to 79.9% of the common stock of each GSE; and |
• | contribute capital to the GSE if the FHFA should determine that a GSE’s liabilities exceeded its assets, in exchange for an equivalent amount of GSE senior preferred stock being granted to the Treasury. |
The conservatorship and the agreement with the Treasury drastically reduced the market value of outstanding preferred and common GSE stock, leading to write-downs for financial institutions that held such securities as capital. The Bank did not have significant holdings of either GSE’s stock.
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On October 3, 2008, in response to continued turmoil in the financial markets, President Bush signed into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (“EESA”). The main component of the EESA is the granting of authority to the Treasury to establish a Troubled Assets Relief Program (“TARP”), to be funded with up to $700 billion, and managed by a newly created Office of Financial Stability. The EESA provides the Treasury with broad authority to purchase, manage, sell and insure assets from “financial institutions,” which, as defined by the EESA, includes the Bank. In exchange for participating in the TARP program, a financial institution generally must issue the Treasury a warrant guaranteeing the right to purchase non-voting stock or, if the company is unable to issue a warrant, senior debt. Participating firms are also subject to certain limitations on executive compensation.
The EESA contained additional regulatory changes. These included a temporary increase in FDIC deposit insurance limits from $100,000 per depositor to $250,000 per depositor that will remain in effect until January 1, 2010. However, insured deposit limits for IRAs and certain retirement accounts will remain at $250,000 per depositor. In addition, the EESA granted the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) the authority to suspend mark-to-market accounting.
On October 14, 2008, President Bush and the Treasury announced that up to $250 billion of TARP funds will be used for a Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”), in which the Treasury will purchase certain securities from eligible bank holding companies, financial holding companies, insured US depository institutions and savings and loan holding companies that engage solely or predominately in activities that are permissible for financial holding companies under relevant law. In order to qualify to obtain these funds, a financial institution must receive the approval of the Treasury who will consult with the institution’s primary federal regulator. Approved institutions can request capital in any amount between one percent of its risk-weighted assets and the lesser of $25 billion or three percent of risk-weighted assets.
Also on October 14, 2008, the FDIC announced the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (“TLGP”), which provides banks with the option to insure newly issued senior unsecured debt and non-interest-bearing transaction deposit accounts. All FDIC-insured financial institutions, including the Bank, are automatically enrolled in the program, unless they affirmatively opt-out by December 5, 2008. A financial institution can opt-out of insurance for either senior unsecured debt or non-interest-bearing transaction deposits, or both.
Under the TLGP, senior unsecured debt issued between October 14, 2008, and June 30, 2009, excluding debt issued with a maturity of 30 days or less, would be insured by the FDIC in an amount up to 125 percent of a qualifying financial institution’s debt that was outstanding as of September 30, 2008 and that was scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009. As of September 30, 2008, the Bank did not have any eligible senior unsecured debt outstanding. The Bank will participate in the debt guarantee component and is eligible to issue insured debt equal to two percent of consolidated liabilities at September 30, 2008, or $285.3 million. Insurance on eligible senior unsecured debt would only be provided until June 30, 2012, even if the liability has not matured. The insurance premium for eligible senior unsecured debt would range from 50 to 100 basis points, depending upon the maturity of the debt. The TLGP would also insure all funds held by qualified institutions in non-interest-bearing transaction deposit accounts until December 31, 2009. A 10 basis point surcharge over the institution’s current assessment rate would be applied to those deposits not otherwise covered by the existing deposit insurance limit of $250,000. In addition, a special assessment fee will be collected to cover any losses not covered by the fees to ensure no impact on the DIF. The Bank did not opt out of the TLGP.
Other Regulations and Legislation. The Bank must obtain prior approval of the OTS before merging with another institution or before acquiring insured deposits through certain transactions.
The federal agencies regulating financial institutions possess broad enforcement authority over the institutions they regulate, including the authority to impose civil money penalties of up to $1 million per day for violation of laws and regulations.
Federally chartered thrifts like Chevy Chase generally are permitted to operate branches anywhere in the United States, provided that they meet the QTL test and their regulatory capital requirements and have at least a satisfactory rating under the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”).
Amounts realized by the FDIC from the liquidation or other resolution of any insured depository institution must be distributed to pay claims (other than secured claims to the extent of any such security) in the following order of priority:
• | administrative expenses of the receiver; |
• | any deposit liability of the institution; |
• | any other general or senior liability of the institution (which is not an obligation described below); |
• | any obligation subordinated to depositors or general creditors which is not a stockholder obligation; and |
• | any obligation to stockholders arising as a result of their status as stockholders. |
In response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, on October 26, 2001, President Bush signed into law the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (“USA Patriot Act”). Title III of the USA Patriot Act amends the Bank Secrecy Act and contains provisions designed to detect and prevent the use of the U.S. financial system for money laundering and terrorist financing activities by, among other things, imposing new compliance obligations on savings associations, trust companies and securities broker-dealers. Several of these compliance obligations focus on transactions between U.S. financial institutions and non-U.S. banks, entities and individuals, and therefore do not have a significant impact on the Bank’s operations. However, other anti-money laundering and related compliance obligations impact the Bank more directly, and regulatory scrutiny and enforcement of these obligations has increased significantly. The Bank has taken steps to enhance its anti-money laundering policies and procedures following enactment of the USA Patriot Act and continues to monitor developments regarding implementation of the Act and evolving regulatory policies and to make further adjustments to those policies and procedures as appropriate.
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Federal Reserve System
The FRB requires the Bank to maintain reserves against its transaction accounts and certain non-personal deposit accounts. Because reserves generally must be maintained in cash or non-interest-bearing accounts, the effect of the reserve requirement is to decrease the Bank’s earnings.
Prior to November 20, 2007, the first $8.5 million of the Bank’s transaction account balances were subject to a 0% reserve requirement. A 3% reserve ratio applied to new transaction accounts over $8.5 million, up to and including $45.8 million. Any net transaction accounts over $45.8 million were subject to a 10% reserve requirement. Effective November 20, 2007, the FRB increased the amount of transaction accounts subject to a 0% reserve requirement from $8.5 million to $9.3 million and decreased the “low reserve tranche” from $45.8 million to $43.9 million. Effective December 2, 2008, the first $10.3 million of net transaction accounts will be exempt from reserve requirements. A 3% reserve ratio will be applied to net transaction accounts over $10.3 million up to and including $44.4 million. A reserve ratio of $1,023,000 plus 10% will be applied to net transaction accounts in excess of $44.4 million. The Bank met its reserve requirements for each period during the year ended September 30, 2008.
Beginning October 1, 2011, the FRB will have the statutory authority to eliminate or reduce the reserve requirement on all deposits currently subject to a 3% reserve ratio. Starting on October 1, 2008, the FRB began to pay interest on both required reserves and excess balances. While the FRB initially paid lower interest rates, beginning with the reserve maintenance period that starts November 6, 2008, the interest rate for required reserve balances will be the average target federal funds rate during the Bank’s two-week reserve maintenance period. The interest rate for excess balances will be the lowest target federal funds rate during the Bank’s two-week reserve maintenance period. These interest rates are subject to change by the FRB.
The Bank may borrow from the Federal Reserve’s “discount window.” Federal law imposes limitations on the ability of the Federal Reserve to lend to “undercapitalized” institutions through the discount window. At September 30, 2008, Chevy Chase’s capital ratios exceeded the ratios established for “well-capitalized” institutions.
On December 12, 2007, the FRB announced the creation of a temporary Term Auction Facility (“TAF”) program, in which the FRB auctions term funds, typically of 28-day or 84-day maturity, to depository institutions at an interest rate determined by the auction. To participate in the TAF, financial institutions must be in “generally sound condition,” as determined by the institution’s local Federal Reserve Bank. The Bank is eligible to participate in the TAF but has not yet chosen to access any funds and has no current plans to do so.
Community Reinvestment Act
Under the CRA and OTS regulations, the Bank has a continuing and affirmative obligation to help meet the credit needs of its local communities, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods and low- and moderate-income individuals and families, consistent with the safe and sound operation of the institution. The OTS is required to assess the Bank’s CRA record in connection with its examination of the Bank. In addition, the OTS is required to take into account the Bank’s record of meeting the credit needs of its community in determining whether to grant approval for certain types of applications.
The Bank is committed to fulfilling its CRA obligation by providing access to a full range of credit-related products and services to all segments of its community. The most recent OTS CRA Examination was in June 2007, covering activities in 2005 – 2007, performed under the Lending, Service and Investment tests of the CRA. The Bank earned an “Outstanding” rating in each test, and an overall “Outstanding” rating in its CRA Performance. The next examination is tentatively scheduled for late 2009.
Other Aspects of Federal Law
The Bank is also subject to federal statutory provisions covering matters such as security procedures, currency transactions reporting, insider and affiliated party transactions, management interlocks, truth-in-lending, electronic funds transfers, funds availability, equal credit opportunity and privacy of consumer information.
Holding Company Regulation
The Trust, the Saul Company, Chevy Chase Property Company, and Westminster Investing Corporation (collectively, the “Holding Companies”) are registered as “savings and loan holding companies” because of their direct or indirect ownership interests in the Bank, and are subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the OTS. The Bank is prohibited from making or guaranteeing loans or advances to or for the benefit of the Holding Companies or other affiliates engaged in activities beyond those permissible for bank holding companies and from investing in the securities of the Holding Companies or other affiliates. Transactions between the Bank and the Holding Companies must be on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable to the Bank, as those that would be available to non-affiliates.
OTS supervision of the Holding Companies includes a review of the adequacy of their capital, their level of debt, and their ability to fund outstanding debt obligations, and OTS guidance suggests that particular scrutiny will be given to holding companies that, like the Holding Companies, are engaged in real estate activities. On December 20, 2007, the OTS adopted revisions to its Savings and Loan Holding Company (“SLHC”) rating system that place additional focus on risk exposure and risk management.
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The Holding Companies must obtain OTS approval before acquiring any federally insured savings institution or any savings and loan holding company. The status of the Holding Companies as “unitary thrift holding companies” and the activities in which the Holding Companies may engage have been grandfathered under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (“GLB Act”). As grandfathered unitary thrift holding companies, the Holding Companies are virtually unrestricted in the types of business activities in which they may engage provided the Bank continues to meet the QTL test. See “Qualified Thrift Lender Test.” The GLB Act prohibits the sale of grandfathered unitary thrift holding companies such as the Holding Companies (together with their thrift subsidiaries) or their thrift subsidiaries alone to commercial companies. Corporate reorganizations are expressly permitted.
If the Holding Companies were to acquire one or more federally insured institutions and operate them as separate subsidiaries rather than merging them into the Bank, the Holding Companies would become “multiple” savings and loan holding companies. As multiple savings and loan holding companies, the Holding Companies would be subject to limitations on the types of business activities in which they would be permitted to engage, unless the additional thrifts were troubled institutions acquired pursuant to certain emergency acquisition provisions and all subsidiary thrifts met the QTL test. The Holding Companies may acquire and operate additional savings institution subsidiaries outside of Maryland and Virginia only if the laws of the target institution’s state specifically permit those acquisitions or if the acquisitions are made pursuant to emergency acquisition provisions.
The Trust and the Saul Company entered into an agreement with OTS’s predecessor, the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation, to maintain the Bank’s regulatory capital at the required levels, and, if necessary, to infuse additional capital to enable the Bank to meet those requirements. Since the execution of this agreement, the OTS has changed its policy and no longer requires such agreements from companies acquiring thrift institutions. In addition, the regulatory capital requirements applicable to the Bank have changed significantly as a result of FIRREA. The OTS had stated that capital maintenance agreements entered into prior to the modification of OTS policy and the enactment of FIRREA were not affected by those changes. The Trust and the Saul Company have not sought to modify the existing agreement. To the extent the Bank is unable to meet regulatory capital requirements in the future; the OTS could seek to enforce the obligations of The Trust and the Saul Company under the agreement.
In August 2007, The Trust submitted an application to the OTS for approval of a new thrift holding company, whereby The Trust’s ownership of 80% of the common stock of the Bank, subject to $250 million of senior secured notes, would be transferred to the new bank holding company, as permitted under the indenture governing The Trust’s senior secured notes. The application was subsequently withdrawn by The Trust, and The Trust has no current plans to proceed with such a reorganization.
If the Bank were to become “undercapitalized” under the prompt corrective action regulations, it would be required to file a capital restoration plan with the OTS setting forth, among other things, the steps the Bank would take to become “adequately capitalized.” The OTS could not accept the plan unless the Holding Companies guaranteed in writing the Bank’s compliance with that plan. The aggregate liability of the Holding Companies under such a commitment would be limited to the lesser of:
• | an amount equal to 5.0% of the Bank’s total assets at the time the Bank became “undercapitalized,” or |
• | the amount necessary to bring the Bank into compliance with all applicable capital standards as of the time the Bank fails to comply with its capital plan. |
If the Holding Companies refused to provide the guarantee, the Bank would be subject to the more restrictive supervisory actions applicable to “significantly undercapitalized” institutions. See “Regulation – Prompt Corrective Action.”
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS 161”) effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS 161 amends SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” to improve the transparency of financial reporting for derivative and hedging activities. SFAS 161 requires disclosure of how derivative instruments affect an entity’s cash flows, financial performance and financial position. The Bank has determined that the adoption of SFAS 161 will require additional disclosures but will have no effect on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS 160 establishes consistent accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling (or minority) interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Management does not expect the adoption of SFAS 160 to have a material impact on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, but early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, SFAS 159 allows entities to make a one-time irrevocable election to measure certain existing financial assets and liabilities at fair value and report the unrealized gains and losses on those items in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. When adopting SFAS 159, entities must also adopt SFAS 157. The Bank has not decided which assets, if any, it will elect fair value treatment.
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In September 2006, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) consensus 06-5, “Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance – Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4” (“EITF 06-5”). EITF 06-5 eliminates the diversity in policyholder calculations of the amount that would be realized under a life insurance contract if that contract were terminated. Under EITF 06-5, policyholders are required to recognize contract-based values at their net present value. EITF 06-5 was effective for the Bank on October 1, 2007. The impact of the adoption was $220,000 and was recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2007.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 eliminates the diversity in practice that exists due to the different definitions of fair value and the limited guidance for applying those definitions that are dispersed among the many accounting pronouncements that require fair value measurements. SFAS 157 clarifies the definition of fair value as an exit price and defines the exit price as the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell an asset or to settle a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Furthermore, SFAS 157 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (i) market participant assumptions developed from independent and observable inputs and (ii) the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed from unobservable inputs. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Bank has not yet determined the impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 157 on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the requirements of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” relating to the recognition of income tax benefits. FIN 48 provides a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring tax benefits when realization of the benefits is uncertain. The first step is to determine whether the benefit meets the more-likely-than-not condition for recognition and the second step is to determine the amount to be recognized based on the cumulative probability that exceeds 50%. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 was effective for the Bank on October 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets” (“SFAS 156”). SFAS 156 amends SFAS 140 to require an entity (i) to initially measure all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value, if practicable; (ii) to separately present servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position; and (iii) to provide additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. In addition, SFAS 156 permitted an entity upon adoption to irrevocably choose either the amortization method or the fair value measurement method for the subsequent measurement of each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. SFAS 156 became effective for the Bank on October 1, 2006. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 156, the Bank identified its mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), relating primarily to residential mortgage loans, as a class of servicing rights and elected to apply fair value accounting to this class of MSRs. Presently, this class, which also includes servicing rights related to home equity and home improvement loans, represents all of the Bank’s MSRs.
The impact of the adoption, which represents the excess of the fair value over the carrying amount of the MSRs, net of any related valuation allowance, was $4.2 million, net of related income taxes, and was recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2006.
Market Area
The Bank’s principal deposit and lending markets are located in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Service industries and federal, state and local governments employ a significant portion of the Washington, DC area labor force. In addition a substantial number of the nation’s 500 largest corporations have some presence in these areas. The Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland area’s seasonally unadjusted unemployment rate are typically below the national rate and were 4.0% and 4.7% in September 2008, respectively, compared to the national rate of 6.1%.
Chevy Chase historically has relied on retail deposits originated in its branch network as its primary funding source. See “Deposits and Other Sources of Funds.” Chevy Chase’s principal market for deposits consists of Montgomery and Prince George’s Counties in Maryland and Fairfax County in Virginia. Approximately 8.0% of the Bank’s deposits at September 30, 2008 were obtained from depositors residing outside of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia, as compared to 5.7% of the Bank’s deposits at September 30, 2007.
As of June 30, 2008, according to the most recently published industry statistics, Chevy Chase ranked fifth in market share in the Washington, DC metropolitan area with approximately 9.8% of deposits. At the same date, Chevy Chase had the largest market share of deposits in Montgomery County; ranked fourth in market share of deposits in Prince George’s County and ranked fifth in market share in Fairfax County. The per capita incomes of Montgomery and Fairfax Counties rank among the highest of counties and equivalent jurisdictions nationally. These two counties are also the Washington, DC area’s largest suburban employment centers, with a substantial portion of their labor force consisting of federal, state and local government employees. Private employment is concentrated in service and retail trade centers. The unemployment rate in each of Montgomery, Prince George’s and Fairfax Counties in September 2008 was 3.3%, 4.8% and 3.0%, respectively, each of which was below the national rate of 6.1%. The individual state rates were 4.5% for Maryland and 4.2% for Virginia for the same month.
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The Bank historically has concentrated its lending activities in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. In prior years, the Bank had expanded its lending activities outside the Washington, DC metropolitan area, particularly California in the case of residential mortgage loans. See “Lending and Leasing Activities.”
Investment and Other Securities
The Bank is required by OTS regulations to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure its safe and sound operations. See “Regulation – Liquidity Requirements.” To meet this requirement, the Bank maintains a portfolio of cash, federal funds, treasury securities and other readily marketable fixed-income securities. Management’s objective is to maintain liquidity at a level sufficient to assure adequate funds to meet expected and unexpected balance sheet fluctuations.
The Bank classifies its investment securities and mortgage-backed securities as either “held-to-maturity,” “available-for-sale” or “trading” at the time such securities are acquired. All of its investment securities and mortgage-backed securities were classified as held-to-maturity at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
As part of its mortgage banking activities, the Bank exchanges loans held for sale for mortgage-backed securities and then sells the mortgage-backed securities, which are classified as trading securities, to third party investors in the month of issuance. Gains and losses on sales of trading securities are determined using the specific identification method. There were no mortgage-backed securities classified as trading securities at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
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Lending and Leasing Activities
Loan Portfolio Composition. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s loan portfolio totaled $11.6 billion, which represented 75.3% of its total assets. All references in this report to the Bank’s loan portfolio refer to loans, whether they are held for sale and/or securitization or for investment, and exclude mortgage-backed securities. Loans collateralized by single-family residences constituted 82.0% of the loan portfolio and 62.5% of total assets at September 30, 2008. The following table sets forth information concerning the Bank’s loan portfolio, net of unfunded commitments, for the periods indicated.
Loan Portfolio
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential Mortgage (1) | $ | 8,213,200 | 69.6 | % | $ | 8,245,176 | 70.1 | % | $ | 7,107,302 | 67.7 | % | $ | 7,530,315 | 68.9 | % | $ | 7,166,935 | 68.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Home equity (1)(2) | 1,458,430 | 12.4 | 1,583,170 | 13.5 | 1,690,421 | 16.1 | 1,796,489 | 16.4 | 1,721,999 | 16.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single-family construction to permanent | 357,876 | 3.0 | 457,446 | 3.9 | 336,828 | 3.2 | 171,449 | 1.6 | 61,029 | 0.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other real estate | 644,274 | 5.4 | 357,265 | 3.0 | 270,623 | 2.6 | 187,488 | 1.7 | 200,968 | 1.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial (2) | 830,846 | 7.0 | 935,999 | 8.0 | 987,850 | 9.4 | 1,035,972 | 9.5 | 920,178 | 8.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Automobile loans (1) | 257,541 | 2.2 | 128,931 | 1.1 | 60,756 | 0.6 | 149,253 | 1.4 | 300,516 | 2.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other consumer | 45,879 | 0.4 | 43,818 | 0.4 | 46,755 | 0.4 | 53,742 | 0.5 | 70,140 | 0.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
11,808,046 | 100.0 | % | 11,751,805 | 100.0 | % | 10,500,535 | 100.0 | % | 10,924,708 | 100.0 | % | 10,441,765 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unearned premiums and discounts | 291 | 354 | 441 | 654 | 894 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net deferred loan origination costs | 109,570 | 116,898 | 112,419 | 125,210 | 116,124 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (278,904 | ) | (29,000 | ) | (25,000 | ) | (28,640 | ) | (37,750 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(169,043 | ) | 88,252 | 87,860 | 97,224 | 79,268 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans receivable | $ | 11,639,003 | $ | 11,840,057 | $ | 10,588,395 | $ | 11,021,932 | $ | 10,521,033 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Includes loans held for securitization and/or sale, if any. |
(2) | Net of undisbursed portion of loans. |
The Bank adjusts the composition of its loan portfolio in response to a variety of factors, including regulatory requirements and asset and liability management objectives. See “Regulation – Regulatory Capital,” “Regulation – Qualified Thrift Lender Test” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Asset and Liability Management.”
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Contractual Principal Repayments of Loans. The following table shows the scheduled contractual principal repayments of the Bank’s loans at September 30, 2008. The entire balance of loans held for securitization and/or sale is shown in the year ending September 30, 2008, because those loans are expected to be sold in less than one year.
Contractual Principal Repayments
(In thousands)
Principal Balance Outstanding at September 30, 2008(1) | Approximate Principal Repayments Due in Years Ending September 30, | |||||||||||
2009 | 2010-2013 | 2014 and Thereafter | ||||||||||
Single family residential | $ | 8,155,446 | $ | 489,374 | $ | 220,865 | $ | 7,445,207 | ||||
Home equity | 1,458,430 | 18,248 | 132,524 | 1,307,658 | ||||||||
Other real estate | 1,002,150 | 643,626 | 230,088 | 128,436 | ||||||||
Commercial | 830,846 | 338,111 | 393,375 | 99,360 | ||||||||
Automobile loans | 257,541 | 49,909 | 191,997 | 15,635 | ||||||||
Other consumer | 45,879 | 5,490 | 23,761 | 16,628 | ||||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale(2) | 57,754 | 57,754 | — | — | ||||||||
Total loans receivable(3) | $ | 11,808,046 | $ | 1,602,512 | $ | 1,192,610 | $ | 9,012,924 | ||||
Fixed-rate loans | $ | 1,216,931 | $ | 194,919 | $ | 512,545 | $ | 509,467 | ||||
Adjustable-rate loans | 10,533,361 | 1,349,839 | 680,065 | 8,503,457 | ||||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale(2) | 57,754 | 57,754 | — | — | ||||||||
Total loans receivable(3) | $ | 11,808,046 | $ | 1,602,512 | $ | 1,192,610 | $ | 9,012,924 | ||||
(1) | Of the total amount of loans outstanding at September 30, 2008, which were due after one year, an aggregate principal balance of approximately $1.0 billion had fixed interest rates and an aggregate principal balance of approximately $9.2 billion had adjustable interest rates. |
(2) | Assumes loans held for securitization and/or sale are sold within one year. |
(3) | Before deduction of allowance for loan losses, unearned premiums and discounts and deferred loan origination fees (costs). |
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Actual payments may not reflect scheduled contractual principal repayments due to the effect of loan refinancings, prepayments and enforcement of due-on-sale clauses. Although the Bank’s single-family residential loans historically have had stated maturities of generally 30 to 40 years, those loans normally have remained outstanding for substantially shorter periods because of these factors. Due-on-sale clauses give the Bank the right to declare a “conventional loan” — one that is neither insured by the Federal Housing Administration nor partially guaranteed by the Veterans’ Administration — immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, that the borrower sells the property securing the loan without the consent of the Bank. At September 30, 2008, excluding loans held for securitization and/or sale, aggregate principal repayments of $1.5 billion from all loans are contractually due within the next year. Of this amount, $192.5 million is due on fixed-rate loans and $1.3 billion is due on adjustable-rate loans.
Origination, Purchase and Sale of Real Estate Loans. The Bank has general authority to make loans secured by real estate located throughout the United States. The following table shows changes in the composition of the Bank’s real estate loan portfolio and the net change in mortgage-backed securities.
Origination, Purchase and Sale of Real Estate Loans
(In thousands)
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Real estate loan originations and purchases: | ||||||||||||
Single family residential | $ | 2,547,276 | $ | 5,891,361 | $ | 6,763,942 | ||||||
Home equity (1) | 465,751 | 815,342 | 1,043,003 | |||||||||
Other real estate(1) | 503,334 | 721,588 | 597,801 | |||||||||
Total originations and purchases | 3,516,361 | 7,428,291 | 8,404,746 | |||||||||
Principal repayments | (1,714,283 | ) | (2,223,537 | ) | (2,836,637 | ) | ||||||
Sales | (1,328,287 | ) | (3,380,365 | ) | (5,135,271 | ) | ||||||
Loans transferred to real estate acquired in settlement of loans | (138,840 | ) | (18,603 | ) | (4,653 | ) | ||||||
(3,181,410 | ) | (5,622,505 | ) | (7,976,561 | ) | |||||||
Transfers to mortgage-backed securities(2) | (304,228 | ) | (567,903 | ) | (708,752 | ) | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in real estate loans | $ | 30,723 | $ | 1,237,883 | $ | (280,567 | ) | |||||
(1) | Net of undisbursed portion of loans. |
(2) | Represents real estate loans which were pooled and exchanged for mortgage-backed securities. |
Single-Family Residential Real Estate Lending (Excluding Home Equity Lending). The Bank originates a variety of loans secured by single-family residences. At September 30, 2008, $9.7 billion, or 82.0%, of the Bank’s loan portfolio consisted of loans secured by first or second mortgages on such properties, as compared to $9.8 billion, or 83.6%, at September 30, 2007. Of these amounts, $27.7 million and $3.6 million consisted of FHA-insured or VA-guaranteed loans at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank had $58.1 million and $202.3 million, respectively, of single-family residential loans held for securitization and/or sale to investors. Approximately 35.6% of the principal balance of the Bank’s single-family residential real estate loans at September 30, 2008 were secured by properties located in California, as compared to 36.8% at September 30, 2007.
The Bank originates a wide variety of conventional residential mortgage loans, as well as FHA and VA loans, through its wholly owned mortgage banking subsidiary, B.F. Saul Mortgage Company, and through Chevy Chase Mortgage, a division of the Bank. The Bank currently offers fixed-rate loans with maturities of 15 to 40 years and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans with maturities ranging from 30 to 40 years.
Prior to November 2007, most of the Bank’s single-family residential mortgage loans were originated by third parties. The Bank determined the specific loan products and rates under which the third party originated the loan, and subjected the loan to the Bank’s underwriting criteria and review. However, in November 2007, the Bank significantly curtailed its originations through the wholesale channel, and completely stopped use of that channel in November 2008. During the year ended September 30, 2008, approximately $712.4 million of loans settled under this program.
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Interest rates on the majority of the Bank’s ARMs periodically adjust based on changes in either (a) the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) of varying maturities or (b) yields on U.S. Treasury securities. The interest rate adjustment provisions of the Bank’s ARMs may contain limitations on the frequency and/or maximum amount of interest rate adjustments. These limitations are determined by a variety of factors, including mortgage loan competition in the Bank’s markets.
The Bank is currently originating primarily Hybrid 5/1 ARMs for its portfolio. These products have a 10 year interest only period with a fixed rate for the first five years after which the interest rate adjusts annually. The variable rate is based on one year LIBOR plus the applicable margin. After the interest-only period, the loan fully amortizes over the remaining term of the loan.
In prior years, the Bank had significantly expanded its origination of residential ARMs with interest rates that adjust monthly, semi-annually and annually, most of which provide a borrower with a variety of monthly payment options. Many of these loans have a payment option that could result in interest being added to the principal of the loan, or “negative amortization.” Certain other of these loans have a payment option that allows the borrower to make an interest only payment. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the Bank originated $2.5 billion and $5.9 billion, respectively, of mortgage loans, of which $562.6 million and $3.8 billion, respectively, contained terms that permit negative amortization and, $389.0 million and $751.2 million, respectively, contain terms which allow the borrower to make an interest only payment but do not permit negative amortization. The Bank stopped offering payment option adjustable rate mortgages in April 2008.
Loans with a negative amortization option totaled $4.1 billion and $3.9 billion at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, including approximately $156.3 million and $93.3 million of cumulative deferred interest at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During September 2008, approximately 64% of the Bank’s borrowers with loans permitting negative amortization opted to make a payment for an amount which resulted in negative amortization. Each loan contains terms which limit the amount of negative amortization to a percentage of the original loan amount, generally 10% or 15%. Once these negative amortization limits are reached, the borrower’s required monthly payments adjust or are “recast” to an amount sufficient to amortize the loan over its then-remaining term. If, subsequent to September 30, 2008, all borrowers choose to make the minimum payment, approximately 380 loans with aggregate outstanding balances of $145.1 million, would reach this payment recast ceiling during fiscal year 2009 (assuming LIBOR rates remain unchanged from levels at November 12, 2008) and, as a result, the payment amount required to be made would increase to a fully amortizing payment.
Prior to April 2008, the Bank also originated construction permanent loans, which are loans to individuals who are in the process of building their single family homes. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the Bank originated $89.6 million and $505.5 million, respectively, of these loans, the principal amount of which the Bank disburses as construction progresses. During the construction phase, these loans permit the borrower to make an interest-only payment but do not permit negative amortization. Upon completion of construction, the loan will convert to a permanent mortgage, which may permit the borrower to make an interest-only payment or incur negative amortization.
The OTS and the other federal banking regulators have issued guidance concerning “non-traditional mortgage products” such as interest-only and payment option ARMs. New statutory and regulatory developments could require further adjustments to the Bank’s loan policies and products and adversely affect its production volumes of loans containing certain features. See “Business – Regulation – Recent Legislative and Regulatory Developments.”
Loan securitizations and/or sales generally provide the Bank with liquidity and additional funds for lending; enabling the Bank to increase the volume of loans originated and thereby increase loan interest and fee income as well as gains on sales of loans. Sales of mortgage loans totaled $1.6 billion and $3.9 billion during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The marketability of loans, loan participations and mortgage-backed securities depends on purchasers’ investment limitations, general market and competitive conditions, mortgage loan demand and other factors. As a result of recent market conditions, the Bank did not securitize any loans during the year ended September 30, 2008. See “Recent Developments.”
The Bank’s conforming fixed-rate, single-family loans are originated on terms which conform to Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae guidelines in order to facilitate the securitization and/or sale of those loans. In order to manage its exposure to interest rate risk, the Bank hedges its fixed rate held for sale mortgage loan pipeline by entering into whole loan and mortgage-backed security forward sale commitments. Sales of residential mortgage loans are generally made without recourse to the Bank.
From time to time, as part of its capital and liquidity management plans, the Bank may consider “swapping” loans held in its portfolio for lower risk-weighted mortgage-backed securities and retaining those securities in its portfolio rather than selling them. During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, the Bank did not exchange and retain in its portfolio any single-family residential loans for mortgage-backed securities. During fiscal year 2006, the Bank exchanged $486.0 million of single-family residential loans held in its portfolio for mortgage-backed securities.
When the Bank sells a residential loan or loan participation and retains servicing, or purchases mortgage servicing assets from third parties, it collects and remits loan payments, makes certain insurance and tax payments on behalf of borrowers and otherwise services the loans. The servicing fee generally ranges from 0.25% to 0.50% per year of the outstanding loan principal amount. The Bank also typically derives income from temporary investment for its own account of loan collections pending remittance to the participation or loan purchaser. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank was servicing residential loans totaling $12.3 billion and $13.1 billion, respectively, for other investors. See “Loan Servicing.”
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Sales of Mortgage-Backed Securities. The Bank originates and sells mortgage-backed securities pursuant to its normal mortgage banking operations. The securities are generally sold in the same month as they are issued. The securities are formed from conforming mortgage loans originated for sale or from conforming mortgage loans resulting from the borrower’s election to convert from an adjustable-rate loan to a fixed-rate loan. Mortgage-backed securities held for sale in conjunction with mortgage banking activities are classified as trading securities. During the years ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank originated and sold $307.6 million and $568.9 million, respectively, of mortgage-backed securities and recognized gains of $3.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As a result of the sale of trading securities in the month such securities are formed, the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in this report reflect proceeds from the sales of trading securities, even though there are no balances of such securities at September 30, 2008.
Home Equity Lending. The Bank makes home equity loans and credit line loans, the majority of which are secured by a first or a second mortgage on the borrower’s home. Home equity credit line loans provide revolving credit, bear interest at a variable rate that adjusts monthly based on changes in the applicable interest rate index and generally are subject to a maximum annual interest rate of between 18.0% and 24.0%. Generally, except for any amortization of principal that may occur as a result of monthly payments, there are no required payments of principal until maturity. Home equity loans have fixed rates of interest and amortize over their term, which ranges from five to 20 years.
Commercial Real Estate and Real Estate Construction Lending. Commercial real estate, real estate construction and ground loans are originated directly by the Bank. The Bank also participates in loans originated by other banks. Aggregate balances of residential and commercial construction, ground and commercial real estate and multifamily loans were $1.0 billion and $814.7 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Bank provides financing, at market rates, to certain purchasers of real estate owned by the Bank. Additionally, the Bank finances the construction of residential real estate, principally single-family detached homes and townhouses, with generally a specified number of pre-sales required. Loan concentrations among types of real estate are reviewed and approved by the Bank’s Credit Risk Management Committee.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank held $253.7 million (25.4% of total commercial real estate and real estate construction loans) of participations or syndications in commercial real estate and real estate construction loans originated by other financial institutions, compared to $225.6 million (27.7% of total commercial real estate and real estate construction loans) at September 30, 2007.
Commercial Lending. The Bank makes loans to business entities for a variety of purposes, including working capital and acquisitions of real estate, machinery and equipment or other assets. A wide variety of products are offered, including revolving lines of credit, term loans, cash management services and other deposit and investment products. Concentrations among industries and structure types, such as syndications, are reviewed and approved by the Bank’s Credit Risk Management Committee.
Business development efforts of the Bank’s Commercial Banking Group have been concentrated in the major industry groups in the metropolitan Washington, DC and Baltimore areas, as well as a broad base of businesses and community service organizations. The Bank also has an active commercial lending program which includes offering small business loans through its deposit branches. Commercial loans totaled $830.8 million and $936.0 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank held $122.2 million (14.7% of total commercial loans) of participations or syndications in commercial loans originated by other financial institutions, an increase from $68.8 million (7.3% of total commercial loans) at September 30, 2007.
Federal laws and regulations limit the Bank’s commercial loan portfolio to 20% of assets, with any excess over 10% consisting of small business loans. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s commercial loan portfolio represented 5.4% of its assets, with 4.3% consisting of small business loans.
Other Consumer Lending Activities. In addition to the types of loans described above, Chevy Chase currently offers a variety of other consumer loans, including overdraft lines of credit and other unsecured loans for traditional consumer purchases and needs. The Bank does not offer its own credit card loans, but has an agreement with another financial institution pursuant to which that institution issues credit cards in the Bank’s name to the Bank’s local customers. The Bank offers direct prime automobile loans through its branch network, and in December 2006, resumed origination of indirect prime automobile loans from local dealers. The Bank’s portfolios of automobile loans and other consumer loans totaled $257.5 million and $45.9 million, respectively, at September 30, 2008, which accounted for a combined 2.6% of total loans at that date.
Federal laws and regulations limit the Bank’s secured and unsecured consumer loans to 35% of its total assets. Home improvement, secured deposit account and educational loans are not included in the 35% limit. At September 30, 2008, the Bank complied with this limit.
Real Estate Loan Underwriting. In the loan approval process, Chevy Chase assesses both the borrower’s ability to repay the loan and the adequacy of the proposed security. The Board of Directors has delegated credit approval authority to the Officers Loan Committee, Executive Loan Committee and certain senior officers. Generally, all construction and commercial real estate loans originated by the Bank’s commercial lending group are reviewed and approved by either the Officers Loan Committee or the Executive Loan Committee, or both, depending on the size of the loan. Any significant loan not conforming to the Bank’s approved policies must be approved by the Executive Loan Committee or the Chief Executive Officer. All credit exposures in excess of $30 million are presented to the Board of Directors for final approval.
The approval process for all types of real estate loans includes appraisals or evaluations of the properties securing the loans and a review of all applicants’ and guarantors’ financial information and credit and payment history. In the case of residential mortgage loans, the Bank’s policy requires an independent verification of the borrower’s income. Prior to April 2008, the Bank’s policies permitted, under certain circumstances, the use of reduced documentation, including reliance on the borrower’s representations of his or her income without independent verification. See “Risk Factors – Our “payment option” and “interest-only” mortgage loans subject us to additional risks.”
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In an effort to minimize the increased risk of loss associated with construction and development loans, Chevy Chase considers the reputation of the borrower and the contractor, reviews pre-construction sale and leasing information, and requires an independent inspecting engineer or architect to review the progress of multifamily and commercial real estate projects. In addition, the Bank generally requires personal guarantees of developers for all development loans and, if a general contractor is used by the developer, may require the posting of a performance bond.
The Bank currently makes residential mortgage loans for its portfolio in amounts up to 70% of the value of owner-occupied single-family homes. In some circumstances, the Bank originates a first and second residential mortgage loan simultaneously, provided that the aggregate loan amount does not exceed 70% of the value of the residential property. The loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratio generally applied by the Bank to commercial real estate loans and multifamily residential loans has been 80% of the appraised value of the completed project. Currently, the Bank offers home equity loans and credit line loans up to 70% maximum combined loan-to-value (“CLTV”) ratio.
LTV ratios are determined at the time a loan is originated. Consequently, subsequent declines in the value of a loan’s collateral or increases in the balance of the loan, or both, will increase the Bank’s exposure to losses. Loans with LTV ratios which exceed the established supervisory LTV limits, without mortgage insurance, may not exceed 100 percent of the Bank’s total risk-based capital.
OTS regulations require institutions to adopt internal real estate lending policies, including LTV limitations conforming to specific guidelines established by the OTS. The Bank’s current lending policies conform to these regulations.
On all loans secured by real estate, other than home improvement and related loans and certain home equity credit line loans, Chevy Chase requires title insurance policies protecting the priority of the Bank’s liens. The Bank requires fire and casualty insurance for permanent loans, including home equity credit line loans, and fire, casualty and builders’ risk insurance for construction loans. The borrower selects the insurance carrier, subject to Chevy Chase’s approval. Flood insurance is also required for all loans secured by properties in designated flood zones. Generally, for any residential first mortgage loan in an amount exceeding 80% of the value of the security property, Chevy Chase requires mortgage insurance from an unaffiliated mortgage insurance company. The majority of the Bank’s mortgage insurance is currently placed with four carriers, with no single carrier insuring more than 7% of the loan portfolio.
Substantially all fixed-rate mortgage loans originated by the Bank contain a due-on-sale clause which provides that the Bank may declare a loan immediately due and payable in the event, among other things, that the borrower sells the property securing the loan without the consent of the Bank. The Bank’s ARMs generally are assumable, subject to certain conditions.
Commercial Loan Underwriting.All commercial loan applications are underwritten and approved under authorities granted to specified committees and individuals as outlined in the Bank’s credit policies. All credit exposures in excess of $30 million are presented to the Board of Directors for final approval. The scope and depth of the underwriting for a particular request are generally dictated by the size and complexity of the proposed transaction. Generally, commercial loans for amounts greater than $100,000 are assigned a risk rating at inception, based on a risk-rating system established in the Bank’s credit policies.
Subsequent to origination, all commercial loans with credit exposures of $1 million or more are reviewed at least annually. Changes in the credit quality of the loans are noted and the risk ratings are modified as appropriate.
Other Consumer Loan and Lease Underwriting.Other consumer loans, which include automobile loans, home improvement and related loans and overdraft lines of credit are originated or purchased by the Bank after a review in accordance with established underwriting procedures.
The underwriting procedures are designed to provide a basis for assessing the borrower’s ability and willingness to repay the loan. In conducting this assessment, the Bank considers the borrower’s ratio of debt to income, various credit scoring models and an evaluation of the borrower’s credit history through a review of a credit report compiled by a recognized consumer credit reporting bureau. The borrower’s equity in the collateral and the terms of the loan are also considered. The Bank’s guidelines are intended only to provide a basis for lending decisions, and exceptions to the guidelines may, within certain limits, be made based upon the credit judgment of the Bank’s lending officer. The Bank periodically conducts audits to ensure compliance with its established underwriting policies and procedures.
Loan Originations, Securitizations and Sales – Retained Interest and Servicing Assets.During fiscal year 2008, the Bank did not securitize and sell any residential mortgage loans, compared to the securitization and sale of $1.9 billion during fiscal 2007. The decrease reflects developments in the credit markets and, more specifically, in the mortgage markets, that have resulted in reduced investor demand and less favorable terms and pricing in the capital markets for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans. Those developments led the Bank to modify its operations to deemphasize securitization activities. Outstanding trust certificate balances decreased by 19.8% to $5.5 billion at September 30, 2008. In connection with its loan origination, securitization and sale activities, the Bank generally receives or retains various interests in the sold loans, which may include servicing assets, securities, or interest-only certificates and/or interest-only strips receivable (collectively, “interest-only assets”). The Bank records those interests as assets on its financial statements and determines the carrying value of the assets based on future cash flows expected to be received by the Bank from the underlying assets. Periodically, the Bank obtains independent valuations as confirmation of management’s estimates of its values for interest-only and servicing assets. All of these cash flows are payable to the Bank before the claims of others. The Bank’s policy is to limit the aggregate amount of mortgage servicing rights and interest-only assets arising out of the securitization and sale of certain of the Bank’s ARMs to 75% of the Bank’s core capital. At September 30, 2008, those assets totaled 44.9% of the Bank’s core capital. The tables below summarize the carrying value of these assets at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
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September 30, 2008 | |||||||||
Not Subordinated | Subordinated | Total | |||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||
Interest-only certificates | $ | 304,856 | $ | — | $ | 304,856 | |||
Interest-only strips receivable | 34,203 | — | 34,203 | ||||||
Total interest-only assets | 339,059 | — | 339,059 | ||||||
Servicing assets | 152,866 | — | 152,866 | ||||||
Reserve accounts | 2,696 | — | 2,696 | ||||||
Total | $ | 494,621 | $ | — | $ | 494,621 | |||
September 30, 2007 | |||||||||
Not Subordinated | Subordinated | Total | |||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||
Interest-only certificates | $ | 277,715 | $ | — | $ | 277,715 | |||
Interest-only strips receivable | 36,396 | — | 36,396 | ||||||
Total interest-only assets | 314,111 | — | 314,111 | ||||||
Servicing assets | 155,680 | — | 155,680 | ||||||
Reserve accounts | 2,982 | — | 2,982 | ||||||
Total | $ | 472,773 | $ | — | $ | 472,773 | |||
The Bank serviced loans owned by others amounting to $12.3 billion and $13.1 billion at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Primarily as a result of lower actual prepayments and a decrease in estimated future prepayments of loans underlying those assets, partially offset by an increase in actual foreclosures and estimated future foreclosures of loans underlying those assets, the Bank increased the carrying value of its servicing assets and interest-only assets by $22.1 million during fiscal 2008. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank reduced the carrying value of its servicing assets and interest-only assets by $8.5 million, primarily as a result of using a higher discount rate to value its servicing assets and interest-only assets. Historical experience has shown that prepayment speeds on adjustable rate loans are generally correlated to the steepness of the slope of the yield curve, that is, the difference between short-term interest rates on the one hand, which determine interest rates on the adjustable rate mortgages generated by the Bank, and long-term interest rates on the other hand, which determine the interest rates on mortgages with interest rates fixed for longer periods. The steeper the yield curve, the less likely the loan will prepay. The flatter or more inverted the yield curve, the less attractive adjustable rate loans are to consumers and prepayments tend to increase. In addition, as prepayment penalty periods expire, buyers are more likely to prepay their loans. For further information concerning the Bank’s loan servicing rights and loan securitization transactions, see Notes 16 and 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
The Bank’s securitization transactions contain provisions that allow it to purchase the remaining assets and terminate the transaction when the remaining balance of the certificates reaches a specified percentage of the original balance (which is often referred to as a “clean up call”). During 2008, the Bank did not exercise its purchase option on any deals that reached their clean-up call dates. During 2007, the Bank purchased $329.4 million in loans from six transactions that reached their clean up call.
Loan Servicing.The Bank’s servicing assets are carried at estimated fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. The Bank estimates fair value using either third party market prices or discounted cash flow analysis using market-based assumptions for servicing fee income, servicing costs, prepayment rates, default rates and discount rates. The primary variables used in the computation of the fair value are estimated prepayment speeds, cost of servicing and a discount rate.
If actual prepayment or default rates significantly exceed the estimates used to calculate the value of the servicing assets, the actual future cash flow could be less than expected and the value of the servicing assets and the Bank’s earnings could decline. No assurance can be given that underlying loans will not experience significant increases in prepayment or default rates or that the Bank may not have to write down the value of its servicing assets. See Notes 3 and 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
The Bank receives income through servicing of loans and fees in connection with loan origination, loan modification, late payments, prepayments, changes of property ownership and miscellaneous services related to its loans. Servicing income, earned on single-family residential mortgage loans owned by third parties is a source of substantial earnings for the Bank. Income from these activities varies with the volume and type of loans originated and sold.
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The following table sets forth certain information relating to the Bank’s servicing portfolio and servicing income as of or for the years indicated.
As of or for the Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||
Residential | $ | 12,344,863 | $ | 13,127,925 | $ | 13,666,622 | |||
Home equity | 2,677 | 3,408 | 4,758 | ||||||
Total amount of loans serviced for others(1) | $ | 12,347,540 | $ | 13,131,333 | $ | 13,671,380 | |||
Servicing and securitization income | $ | 162,318 | $ | 90,363 | $ | 94,623 | |||
(1) | The carrying value of the Bank’s servicing assets and interest-only strips receivable at September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $491.9 million, $469.8 million and $512.4 million, respectively. |
The Bank’s level of servicing and securitization income varies based in large part on the amount of the Bank’s securitization activities with respect to these loan types and with changes in prepayment speeds on the underlying loans. As the Bank securitizes and sells assets, acquires servicing assets either through origination or purchase, or sells mortgage loans and retains the servicing rights on those loans, the level of servicing and securitization income generally increases. During fiscal year 2008, the Bank did not securitize and sell any loan receivables through new securitization trusts compared to $1.9 billion of those transactions during fiscal year 2007. Gains recognized from these securitizations represented a significant portion of the Bank’s earnings in prior periods. However, as a result of market conditions, the Bank has been unable to securitize assets on sufficiently favorable terms and has modified its operations to deemphasize securitization activities. See “Recent Developments” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of Operations - Other Income.”
Loan Modifications.The Bank implemented a loan modification plan during fiscal 2008 focused primarily on borrowers with hybrid ARM and payment option ARM loans. As of September 30, 2008, the Bank had modified 419 loans with an aggregate principal balance of $307.7 million. All of these loans are treated as troubled debt restructurings.
Interest-Only Strips Receivable.Interest-only strips receivable are carried at estimated fair value. The Bank estimates fair value by computing the present value of estimated future cash flows to be generated by the underlying loans. The carrying value is adjusted and the adjustment is recognized as a gain or loss in the statement of operations in the period the change occurs. The primary variables that impact the computation of the present value are loan prepayment speeds, discount rate and delinquency status.
If actual prepayments significantly exceed the estimates used to calculate the values of the interest-only strips receivable, the future cash flow could be less than expected and the value of the interest-only strips receivable, as well as the Bank’s earnings, could decline. See Notes 1 and 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
Reserve Accounts.Reserve accounts represent assets of the Bank which have been pledged to certain securitization trusts and which may be subordinated to the interests of the investors in those trusts. The Bank carries these assets at their estimated fair value, which is equal to the net present value of the future cash flows expected to be received from these assets.
Delinquencies, Foreclosures and Allowances for Losses
Delinquencies and Foreclosures.When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a mortgage loan, the loan is considered delinquent and, after expiration of the applicable cure period, the borrower is charged a late fee. The Bank follows practices customary in the banking industry in attempting to cure delinquencies and in pursuing remedies upon default. Generally, if the borrower does not cure the delinquency within 90 days, the Bank initiates foreclosure action. If the loan is not reinstated, paid in full or refinanced, the security property is sold. In some instances, the Bank may be the purchaser. Thereafter, the acquired property is treated as real estate acquired in settlement of loans until it is sold. Deficiency judgments generally may be enforced against borrowers in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia, but may not be available or may be subject to limitation in other jurisdictions in which loans are originated by the Bank. In response to rising levels of home foreclosures, several states have recently enacted, and others are considering, laws that impose delays on the foreclosure process which could result in delays in our ability to liquidate defaulted mortgage loans and increased losses.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Asset Quality – Delinquent Loans” for a discussion of the Bank’s delinquent loan portfolio at September 30, 2008.
Allowance for Losses.The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the Bank’s loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date. The Bank’s methodology for assessing the appropriate level of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include the allocated allowance, specific allowances for identified impaired loans and the unallocated allowance. Management reviews the adequacy of the valuation allowances on loans using a variety of measures and tools including historical loss performance, delinquency status, current economic conditions, internal risk ratings and current underwriting policies and procedures.
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The allocated allowance is estimated for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous loan portfolios. The range is calculated by applying loss and delinquency factors to the outstanding loan balances of these portfolios. Loss factors are based on analyses of the historical performance of each loan category and an assessment of portfolio trends and conditions, as well as specific risk factors impacting the loan portfolios. Each homogeneous portfolio is evaluated collectively. In addition, at September 30, 2008 and 2007, as part of its review of the adequacy of the allowance, the Bank performed an analysis of the underlying collateral on all single-family loans that are greater than two payments delinquent. The allowance also includes amounts related to loans that are greater than 180 days delinquent.
Non-homogeneous type loans, such as commercial loans and non-residential real estate loans, are analyzed and segregated by risk according to the Bank’s internal risk rating system. These loans are reviewed by the Bank’s credit and loan review groups on an individual loan basis to assign a risk rating. Industry loss factors are applied based on the risk rating assigned to the loan. A specific allowance may be assigned to non-homogeneous type loans that have been individually determined to be impaired. Any specific allowance considers available evidence including, as appropriate, the present value of payments expected to be received or, for loans that are solely dependent on collateral for repayment, the estimated fair value of the collateral.
The unallocated allowance is based upon management’s evaluation and judgment of various conditions that are not directly measured in the determination of the allocated and specific allowances. The conditions evaluated in connection with the unallocated allowance may include existing general economic and business conditions affecting the key lending areas of the Bank, credit quality trends, collateral values, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, specific industry conditions within portfolio segments, recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, natural disasters, regulatory examination results and findings of the Bank’s internal credit evaluations.
The allowance for losses is based on current estimates of losses inherent in the portfolio and ultimate losses may vary from current estimates. As adjustments to the allowance become necessary, provisions for losses are reported in operations in the periods they are determined to be necessary.
REO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less selling costs. To date, sales of REO, non-residential mortgage loans, commercial loans and loans classified as investments in real estate have resulted in no material additional aggregate loss to the Bank above the amounts already reserved. However, these results do not necessarily assure that the Bank will not suffer losses in the future beyond its level of allowances.
The Bank’s review of its various asset portfolios takes place within the Asset Classification Committee, which meets quarterly. The Asset Classification Committee reviews risk performance trends within the Bank’s loan and REO portfolios and economic trends and conditions which might impact those portfolios. This Committee also reviews the status of individual criticized and classified assets of $500,000 or more and the allowance for loan losses.
The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”), which is composed of the OTS and the other federal banking agencies, has issued guidelines regarding the appropriate levels of general valuation allowances that should be maintained by insured institutions and guidance on the design and implementation of loan loss allowance methodologies and supporting documentation practices. The Bank believes that its levels of general valuation allowances at September 30, 2008, and its procedures, comply with the guidelines.
The Bank’s assets are subject to review and classification by the OTS upon examination. Based on those examinations, the Bank could be required to establish additional valuation allowances or incur additional charge-offs.
Deposits and Other Sources of Funds
General.Deposits are the primary source of the Bank’s funds for use in lending and for other general business purposes. In addition to deposits, Chevy Chase receives funds from loan repayments and loan sales. Loan repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, while deposit inflows and outflows are influenced by general interest rates and money-market conditions. Borrowings may be used to compensate for reductions in normal sources of funds, such as deposit inflows at less than projected levels or deposit outflows, or to support the Bank’s operating or investing activities, or planned growth. In recent years, the Bank has relied to a significant degree on borrowed funds, particularly FHLB advances and repurchase agreements, to fund its planned asset growth. These sources of funding are generally more expensive than traditional core deposits, but provide the Bank with an additional source of funds to grow its asset base.
Deposits.Chevy Chase offers a variety of deposit accounts with a range of interest rates and maturities designed to attract both long-term and short-term deposits. Deposit programs include money market, savings, checking, certificates of deposit, and special programs for retirement accounts.
The Bank attracts deposits through its branch network and advertisements, and offers depositors access to their accounts through more than 1,000 ATMs. These ATMs significantly enhance the Bank’s position as a leading provider of convenient service in its primary market area. The Bank is a member of the “STAR”® ATM network which offers nationwide access, and the “PLUS”® ATM network, which offers worldwide access. The Bank recently terminated an agreement with a regional grocery store chain that authorized the Bank to provide in-store banking centers in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and Washington, DC area stores. As of November 30, 2008, 42 supermarket branches have closed.
Chevy Chase accepted brokered and reciprocal deposits in fiscal 2008 as a way to diversify the Bank’s funding sources and had $391.1 million of those deposits at September 30, 2008. Under FDIC regulations, the Bank can accept brokered deposits as long as it meets the capital standards
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established under the prompt corrective action regulations for well capitalized institutions, or, with FDIC approval, adequately-capitalized institutions. Brokered deposits typically have higher interest rates and are more volatile than traditional retail deposits. However, during fiscal year 2008, in light of market disruptions, the Bank’s management believed they represented an attractive alternative source of funds for the Bank.
The Bank obtains deposits primarily from customers residing in Montgomery and Prince George’s Counties in Maryland and in Northern Virginia. Approximately 60% of the Bank’s deposits at September 30, 2008 were obtained from depositors residing in Maryland, and approximately 25% from depositors residing in Virginia.
The following table shows the amounts of Chevy Chase’s deposits by type of account at the dates indicated.
Deposit Analysis
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | Balance | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest bearing checking accounts | $ | 1,319,068 | 11.6 | % | $ | 1,273,687 | 11.6 | % | $ | 1,316,980 | 12.6 | % | $ | 1,346,455 | 13.8 | % | $ | 1,181,722 | 13.3 | % | ||||||||||
Interest-bearing checking accounts | 2,343,896 | 20.6 | 2,303,615 | 21.1 | 2,313,152 | 22.2 | 2,438,147 | 24.9 | 2,244,724 | 25.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Money market deposit accounts | 1,936,035 | 17.0 | 2,166,489 | 19.8 | 2,403,060 | 23.0 | 2,521,949 | 25.8 | 2,364,768 | 26.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Savings accounts | 1,342,973 | 11.8 | 1,063,780 | 9.7 | 953,663 | 9.1 | 1,153,152 | 11.8 | 1,214,307 | 13.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Brokered / reciprical deposit accounts | 391,058 | 3.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Certificate accounts, less than $100 | 2,497,248 | 21.9 | 2,479,391 | 22.6 | 2,088,368 | 20.0 | 1,520,829 | 15.5 | 1,238,733 | 14.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Certificate accounts, $100 or more | 1,570,740 | 13.7 | 1,662,615 | 15.2 | 1,370,541 | 13.1 | 801,236 | 8.2 | 610,864 | 6.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total deposits | $ | 11,401,018 | 100.0 | % | $ | 10,949,577 | 100.0 | % | $ | 10,445,764 | 100.0 | % | $ | 9,781,768 | 100.0 | % | $ | 8,855,118 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Average Cost of Deposits
Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Checking deposits | 0.21 | % | 0.29 | % | 0.25 | % | |||
Money market deposits | 1.70 | % | 2.68 | % | 2.20 | % | |||
Savings deposits | 1.05 | % | 0.67 | % | 0.41 | % | |||
Time deposits | 4.11 | % | 4.74 | % | 3.94 | % | |||
Total deposits | 2.28 | % | 2.72 | % | 2.03 | % | |||
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The range of deposit account products offered by the Bank through its extensive branch and ATM network allows the Bank to be competitive in obtaining funds from its local retail deposit market. At the same time, however, as customers have increasingly responded to changes in interest rates, the Bank has experienced some fluctuations in deposit flows. Chevy Chase’s ability to attract and maintain deposits, and its cost of funds, will continue to be significantly affected by market conditions, competition and its pricing strategy.
The following table sets forth Chevy Chase’s deposit flows during the periods indicated.
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Deposits to accounts | $ | 108,412,268 | $ | 96,168,357 | $ | 83,202,385 | ||||||
Withdrawals from accounts | (108,195,895 | ) | (95,916,756 | ) | (82,689,839 | ) | ||||||
Net increase | 216,373 | 251,601 | 512,546 | |||||||||
Interest credited to accounts | 235,068 | 252,212 | 151,450 | |||||||||
Net increase in deposit balances | $ | 451,441 | $ | 503,813 | $ | 663,996 | ||||||
Deposit growth may be moderated by the Bank from time to time either to take advantage of lower cost funding alternatives or in response to more modest expectations for loan and other asset growth.
The following table sets forth, by weighted average interest rates, the type and amounts of deposits as of September 30, 2008, which will mature during the fiscal years indicated.
Weighted Average Interest Rates of Deposits
(Dollars in thousands)
Checking and Money Market Deposit Accounts | Savings Accounts | Certificate Accounts | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
Maturing During Year Ending September 30, | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | ||||||||||||||||
2009 | $ | 5,598,999 | 0.52 | % | $ | 1,342,973 | 1.26 | % | $ | 3,503,788 | 3.40 | % | 10,445,760 | 1.58 | % | |||||||||
2010 | — | — | — | — | 851,448 | 3.91 | 851,448 | 3.91 | ||||||||||||||||
2011 | — | — | — | — | 77,685 | 4.07 | 77,685 | 4.07 | ||||||||||||||||
2012 | — | — | — | — | 12,805 | 3.85 | 12,805 | 3.85 | ||||||||||||||||
2013 | — | — | — | — | 13,320 | 3.67 | 13,320 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 5,598,999 | 0.52 | % | $ | 1,342,973 | 1.26 | % | $ | 4,459,046 | 3.51 | % | $ | 11,401,018 | 1.78 | % | ||||||||
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The following table summarizes maturities of certificate accounts in amounts of $100,000 or greater as of September 30, 2008.
Year Ending September 30, | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | ||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||
2009 | $ | 1,333,416 | 3.53 | % | ||
2010 | 223,080 | 4.05 | % | |||
2011 | 9,469 | 4.17 | % | |||
2012 | 2,670 | 3.92 | % | |||
2013 | 2,105 | 3.95 | % | |||
Total | $ | 1,570,740 | 3.61 | % | ||
The following table represents the amounts of deposits by various interest rate categories as of September 30, 2008 maturing during the fiscal years indicated.
Maturities of Deposits by Interest Rates
(In thousands)
Accounts Maturing During Year Ending September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | Total | ||||||||||||
Non-interest bearing checking deposits (0%) | $ | 1,319,068 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,319,068 | ||||||
0.01% to 1.99% | 5,570,633 | 25,215 | 1,712 | 135 | — | 5,597,695 | ||||||||||||
2.00% to 2.99% | 1,357,031 | 29,460 | 1,625 | 270 | 3,310 | 1,391,696 | ||||||||||||
3.00% to 3.99% | 1,380,435 | 192,796 | 14,152 | 8,858 | 3,494 | 1,599,735 | ||||||||||||
4.00% to 4.99% | 662,561 | 595,720 | 59,699 | 3,542 | 6,516 | 1,328,038 | ||||||||||||
5.00% to 5.99% | 156,032 | 8,257 | 497 | — | — | 164,786 | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 10,445,760 | $ | 851,448 | $ | 77,685 | $ | 12,805 | $ | 13,320 | $ | 11,401,018 | ||||||
Borrowings.As a member of the FHLB of Atlanta, Chevy Chase may apply for advances on the security of its FHLB stock and certain of its mortgages and other assets, principally securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States or its agencies, provided certain standards related to creditworthiness have been met.
Extensions of credit may be obtained pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own rate and range of maturities. Advances must be secured by eligible collateral with a value, as determined by the FHLB of Atlanta, at least equal to 100% of Chevy Chase’s outstanding advances. The Bank had outstanding FHLB advances of $1.9 billion and $2.0 billion at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
From time to time the Bank enters into repurchase agreements, which are treated as financings. The Bank sells securities, which are usually mortgage-backed securities and other investment securities, and agrees to buy back the same securities at a specified time, which is generally within one to 90 days. The Bank pays a stated interest rate for the use of the funds for the specified time period. The obligation to repurchase the securities sold is reflected as a liability and the securities underlying the agreements are included in assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition in this report. These arrangements are, in effect, borrowings by the Bank secured by the securities sold. The Bank had outstanding repurchase agreements of $127.6 million and $120.5 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
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The following table sets forth a summary of the repurchase agreements of the Bank as of the dates and for the years indicated.
September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||
Securities sold under repurchase agreements: | ||||||||
Balance at year-end | $ | 127,620 | $ | 120,507 | ||||
Average amount outstanding during the year | 140,691 | 151,466 | ||||||
Maximum amount outstanding at any month-end | 128,315 | 213,124 | ||||||
Weighted average interest rate during the year | 2.12 | % | 4.65 | % | ||||
Weighted average interest rate on year-end balances | 3.87 | % | 3.87 | % |
In December 2003, the Bank issued $175 million aggregate principal amount of its 2003 Debentures. The OTS approved the inclusion of the 2003 Debentures in the Bank’s regulatory capital.
The Bank may redeem some or all of the 2003 Debentures at any time at the following redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest:
If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning December 1, | Redemption Price | ||
2008 | 103.4375 | % | |
2009 | 102.2917 | % | |
2010 | 101.1458 | % | |
2011 and thereafter | 100.0000 | % |
Under OTS capital regulations, redemption of the 2003 Debentures prior to their stated maturity requires prior approval of the OTS unless the debentures are redeemed with the proceeds of, or replaced by, a like amount of “a similar or higher quality” capital instrument.
Subsidiaries
OTS regulations generally permit the Bank to make investments in service corporation subsidiaries in an amount not to exceed 3.0% of the Bank’s assets, provided that any investment in excess of 2.0% of assets serves primarily community, inner city or community development purposes. These regulations also permit the Bank to make “conforming loans” to those subsidiaries and joint ventures in an amount not to exceed 50% of the Bank’s regulatory capital. At September 30, 2008, 2.0% and 3.0% of the Bank’s assets was equal to $309.6 million and $464.4 million, respectively, and the Bank had $44.2 million invested in its service corporation subsidiaries.
The Bank may establish operating subsidiaries to engage in any activities in which the Bank may engage directly. There are no regulatory limits on the amount the Bank can invest in operating subsidiaries.
The Bank is required to provide 30 days advance notice to the OTS and to the FDIC before establishing a new subsidiary or conducting a new activity in an existing subsidiary.
The Bank engages in a variety of other activities through its subsidiaries, including those described below.
Real Estate Activities.Manor Investment LLC, a subsidiary of the Bank, has in the past invested in real estate projects, but held no such investments at September 30, 2008.
Securities Brokerage Services.Chevy Chase Securities, Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Chevy Chase Financial Services Corporation (“CCFS”), which is a wholly owned direct subsidiary of Chevy Chase. Chevy Chase Securities is a licensed broker-dealer, which sells securities on a retail basis to the general public, including depositors and other customers of the Bank.
Insurance Services.Chevy Chase Insurance Agency, Inc. (“CCIA”), a wholly owned subsidiary of CCFS, is a licensed insurance broker offering a variety of “personal line” property and casualty and life insurance programs to the general public, including depositors and other customers of the Bank. CCIA’s primary programs consist of homeowner and automobile insurance in the property and casualty sector and mortgage and credit life and disability insurance in the life insurance sector.
Lending Subsidiaries.Chevy Chase engages in significant mortgage lending activities through B.F. Saul Mortgage Company. See “Lending and Leasing Activities.”
REIT Subsidiary.Chevy Chase Preferred Capital Corporation invests in real estate loans and issued preferred stock to outside investors, which is included as Tier 1 capital of the Bank.
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Investment, Management and Fiduciary Services.The Bank offers investment, management and fiduciary services through two wholly owned subsidiaries: Chevy Chase Trust Company, a licensed fiduciary and registered investment advisor, which serves primarily high net worth individuals, and ASB Capital Management LLC, a registered investment adviser, which serves primarily institutional customers. Under the terms of the transaction in which Capital One will acquire the Bank, Chevy Chase Trust Company and ASB Capital Management, LLC are expected to be transferred to Derwood, one of the Bank’s existing shareholders.
Special Purpose Subsidiaries.At September 30, 2008, Chevy Chase Real Estate, LLC, (“CCRE”) a wholly owned subsidiary of Chevy Chase, held 100% of the common stock of six subsidiaries, three of which are active, and a majority of which were formed for the sole purpose of acquiring title to various real estate projects pursuant to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. The Bank’s aggregate investment in these subsidiaries was $24.2 million at September 30, 2008. CCRE is an operating subsidiary and, therefore, the Bank’s investment in CCRE is not subject to the 3.0% service corporation investment limit discussed above.
Employees
The Bank and its subsidiaries had 3,666 full-time and 477 part-time employees at September 30, 2008. The Bank provides its employees with a comprehensive range of employee benefit programs, including group health benefits, life insurance, disability insurance, paid sick leave, certain free deposit services and certain loan discounts. None of the Bank’s employees is represented by a collective bargaining agreement. The Bank believes that its employee relations are good.
Competition
Chevy Chase encounters strong competition both in attracting deposits and making loans in its markets. The Bank’s most direct competition for deposits comes from other thrifts, commercial banks and credit unions, as well as from money market funds and corporate and government securities. In addition to offering competitive interest rates, Chevy Chase offers a variety of services, convenient ATM locations and convenient office locations and business hours to attract deposits. Competition for real estate and other loans comes principally from other thrifts, banks, mortgage banking companies, insurance companies and other institutional lenders. Chevy Chase competes for loans through interest rates, loan fees and the variety and quality of products and services provided to borrowers and brokers.
The Bank���s major competition comes from local, regional, national and international financial institutions and other providers of financial services. The GLB Act amended federal law to permit broader affiliations among commercial banks, securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial services providers, and these and other developments have led to increasing consolidation among providers of financial services. The Bank competes with numerous depository institutions in its deposit-taking activities in the Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan areas. The Bank also competes with these institutions in the origination of single-family residential mortgage loans and home equity credit line loans.
According to the most recently published industry statistics, at June 30, 2008, Chevy Chase had the fifth largest market share, with approximately 9.8% of deposits, in the Washington DC metropolitan area. At that same date, the Bank had the largest market share, with approximately 25.9% of deposits, in Montgomery County, Maryland, ranked fourth in market share, with approximately 13.9% of deposits, in Prince George’s County, Maryland and ranked fifth in market share, with approximately 6.4% of deposits in Fairfax County, Virginia, excluding single branch institutions. Based on publicly available information, Chevy Chase estimates that, in the Washington, DC metropolitan area, it is one of the leaders in market share of single-family residential mortgage and home equity credit line loans.
Savings institutions, such as the Bank, generally are taxed in the same manner as other corporations. There are, however, several special rules that apply principally to savings institutions and, in some cases, other financial institutions. Certain significant aspects of the federal income taxation of the Bank are discussed below:
General.The Bank and its subsidiaries are included in the consolidated federal income tax return filed by the Trust on a fiscal year basis. Each member of an affiliated group of corporations which files consolidated income tax returns is liable for the group’s federal income tax liability.
Consolidated Tax Returns; Tax Sharing Payments.Generally, the operations of the Trust have generated net operating losses and the Bank’s taxable income generally has been sufficient to fully utilize the losses of the Trust. Under the terms of a tax sharing agreement dated June 28, 1990, as amended, the Bank is obligated to make payments to the Trust based on its taxable income, as explained more fully below.
The tax sharing agreement generally provides that each member of the Trust’s affiliated group is required to pay the Trust an amount equal to 100% of the tax liability that the member would have been required to pay to the IRS if the member had filed on a separate return basis. These amounts generally must be paid even if the affiliated group has no overall tax liability or the group’s tax liability is less than the sum of those amounts. Under the tax sharing agreement, the Trust, in turn, is obligated to pay to the appropriate tax authorities the overall tax liability, if any, of the group. In addition, to the extent the net operating losses or tax credits of a particular member reduce the overall tax liability of the group; the Trust is required to reimburse that member on a dollar-for-dollar basis, thereby compensating the member for the group’s use of its net operating losses or tax credits. Under the tax sharing agreement, the Bank and its subsidiaries are treated as a single member of the Trust’s affiliated group.
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The Bank made net tax sharing payments to the Trust totaling $2.0 million in fiscal year 2008. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the estimated net tax sharing payment payable to the Trust by the Bank was $0.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The $0.2 million due at September 30, 2008, was paid on November 21, 2008.
In general, if the Bank has net operating losses or unused tax credits in any taxable year, under the tax sharing agreement the Trust is obligated to reimburse the Bank in an amount generally equal to (1) the tax benefit to the group of using those tax losses or unused tax credits in the group’s consolidated federal income tax return for that year, plus (2) to the extent those losses or credits are not used by the group in that year, the amount of the tax refunds which the Bank would otherwise have been able to claim if it were not included in the consolidated federal income tax return of the group, but not in excess of the net amount paid by the Bank to the Trust pursuant to the tax sharing agreement. There is no assurance that the Trust would be able to fulfill this obligation. If the Trust did not make the reimbursement, the OTS could attempt to characterize the nonpayment as an extension of credit by the Bank to the Trust which, as described above under “Holding Company Regulation,” is prohibited under current law. The tax sharing agreement itself does not provide for any specific remedies upon a breach by any party of its obligations under the agreement.
The Bank, as a member of an affiliated group of corporations filing consolidated income tax returns, is liable under the Internal Revenue Code for the group’s tax liability. Although the Bank would be entitled to reimbursement under the tax sharing agreement for income tax paid with respect to the income of other members of the affiliated group, there can be no assurance that the Trust or other members would be able to fulfill this obligation.
Under the terms of the transaction under which Capital One will acquire the Bank, the tax sharing agreement will terminate no later than the closing and neither the Bank, nor the Trust will have any further liability under the agreement.
State Taxation
Many states, most significantly Maryland, do not allow the filing of combined or consolidated income tax returns, and thus the Trust and its subsidiaries, which includes the Bank and its subsidiaries, that are subject to income taxes in those states are required to file separately. the Trust and its subsidiaries are also subject to income taxes in certain other states, some of which allow or require combined or consolidated filings.
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
The following discussion sets forth some of the more important risk factors that could affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. However, other factors besides those discussed below or elsewhere in this or other of our reports also could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Our Banking Business
The difficult overall market conditions have adversely affected our business and results of operations.
Since the middle of 2007, the credit markets have experienced substantial turmoil. This turmoil has resulted in several major financial institutions becoming insolvent, being acquired, or seeking governmental assistance. These events have adversely affected investor confidence in the financial markets. These events have also caused an increased level of consumer and commercial loan delinquencies, declining consumer confidence, increasing market volatility and a widespread reduction in business activity. As a result of these factors, the Bank’s levels of delinquent and non-performing assets, charge-offs and the allowance for possible credit losses have increased significantly, and may continue to increase in the future.
The current turmoil in the mortgage markets could continue to adversely affect our business and operations.
Adverse conditions in the residential mortgage and capital markets, which have worsened in recent months, continue to affect the Bank and its operations. For example, the Bank has, in the past, used the capital markets for securitizations and/or sales of its residential mortgage loans, which generate earnings, provide a significant source of liquidity, reduce credit risk, and facilitate regulatory capital compliance.
These developments, which have affected and continue to affect the credit markets, including the mortgage markets, have resulted in reduced investor demand and less favorable terms and pricing in the capital markets for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans. As a result, the Bank did not securitize assets during its 2008 fiscal year, and is unable to predict if or when it will be able to do so in the future. Under these conditions, the Bank has curtailed mortgage production and retained in its portfolio a greater portion of its residential mortgage production than it has historically. While the Bank believes its capital and liquidity positions are currently adequate to meet foreseeable needs, a prolonged period of capital market instability could force the Bank to further curtail mortgage production which could adversely affect future earnings.
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Continued deteriorating conditions in the U.S. housing markets may lead to increased losses on loans.
Deteriorating conditions in the U.S. housing market during recent periods have resulted in increased balances of non-accrual loans and increased levels of losses reported by owners of mortgage loans. The combination of lower volumes of home sales transactions, longer marketing periods, growing inventories of unsold homes and increased foreclosure rates has exerted downward pressure on housing prices in many parts of the country, particularly in markets such as the Washington, DC area, California, and Florida in which the Bank has a significant concentration of its residential mortgage loans. As a result, property values have declined in many markets, including the Washington DC area, California and Florida. Faced with these conditions, and increases in their monthly payments due to interest rate or other adjustments to their loans, some borrowers have been unable to either refinance or sell their properties and consequently have defaulted on their loans. In addition, as lenders tighten underwriting guidelines for loan products offered and adjust loan pricing to reflect market conditions, refinancing is made more difficult. If market conditions in the U.S. housing market continue to deteriorate, our financial results could be further adversely impacted.
Our operating results and financial condition may be adversely affected by interest rate changes and other market conditions.
Changes in interest rates affect our financial performance in various ways. Our operating results depend to a large extent on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest we receive from our loans, securities and other assets and the interest we pay on our deposits and other liabilities. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political conditions. If interest rates decrease, our net interest income likely would decrease because interest earned on our loans, mortgages, and other investment securities would decrease more quickly than interest that we pay on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. Declines in market interest rates also may result in increased prepayments of loans as borrowers are able to refinance their loans at lower interest rates. Higher than anticipated prepayments could negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our recent emphasis on shorter-term adjustable-rate loans and core deposits generally results in increased net interest income when market interest rates rise. However, rising market interest rates can adversely affect our operations in other ways, such as by reducing demand for loans, increasing defaults by borrowers who are unable to make the higher loan payments or adversely affecting the marketability and value of the real estate and other collateral securing our loans.
Changes in interest rates and other market conditions, and the relationship between short- and long-term interest rates, also can affect the value of our loans and other interest-sensitive assets, including interests we retain in our securitization transactions, mortgage and non-mortgage servicing rights, and our ability to realize gains on the sale and securitization of assets. For example, at September 30, 2008, our assets included $152.9 million in loan servicing assets and $339.1 million in interest only assets, the value of which is based on market interest rates and depends on the accuracy of our various assumptions concerning items such as prepayment rates, credit losses and interest rates. If actual results differ from our assumptions, the value of those assets, as well as our earnings, could be adversely affected. Our ability to originate adjustable rate mortgage loans also suffers when short-term interest rates are similar to or higher than longer-term rates.
For further discussion of interest rate risk considerations, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition – Asset and Liability Management” elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Our “payment option” and “interest-only” mortgage loans subject us to additional risks.
Approximately 26.5% of our assets consist of adjustable rate mortgage loans that permit borrowers to defer payment of principal and/or interest. During fiscal year 2008, the Bank originated $2.5 billion of mortgage loans, of which $562.6 million contained terms that permit negative amortization. These features, coupled with the adjustable interest rates on these loans, can cause borrowers’ payments to increase substantially. In the absence of offsetting factors, such as higher wages, those increased payments could result in higher defaults and require increases in our allowance for loan losses. If all borrowers choose to pay only the minimum payment, approximately 380 loans with aggregate outstanding balances of $145.1 million, would reach their payment recast ceiling during fiscal year 2009 (assuming LIBOR rates remain unchanged from levels at November 12, 2008) and, as a result, the payment amount would increase to a fully amortizing payment. The potential for significant increases in the payments required to be made by these borrowers, coupled with the relative complexity of these products when compared to traditional mortgage loans, has subjected us to increased litigation and reputation risk, particularly in an environment of rising interest rates and declining property values. These loans also can result, under certain circumstances, in our recognition as interest income, payments that have not yet been made by the borrowers (i.e. negative amortization), which may lead to future losses if the borrowers ultimately fail to make those payments. At September 30, 2008, cumulative uncollected deferred interest totaled $156.3 million.
In addition, many of these loans were originated under Bank policies that did not require independent verification of the borrower’s income. Although the Bank imposed other requirements, such as lower maximum loan-to-value ratios, designed to reduce the risk associated with these loans, these loans are inherently more risky than comparable loans for which full documentation and verification was required. In response to market conditions, the Bank has tightened its policies and no longer originates these types of loans. However, there can be no assurances that the Bank will not suffer proportionately greater losses on these types of loans already in its portfolio, or that the tightened lending practices will result in less defaults and losses.
For a further discussion of these lending activities, refer to “Business— Lending and Leasing Activities – Single Family Residential Real Estate Lending” elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
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We have historically depended on asset securitizations for additional liquidity and for other purposes, and the success of these transactions depends on our ability to correctly predict prepayment rates. In addition, our ability to access the securitization markets is dependent upon market conditions, and we cannot predict whether and when market conditions will improve.
In our securitization transactions, we typically recognize gain on the sale and a related retained interest in a securitized pool of loans that we sell (sometimes through another entity that we establish) to a special purpose vehicle, typically a trust, which, in turn, sells securities backed by interests in the pool. The value of the retained interest that we recognize depends on several assumptions regarding the future performance of the securitized pool. The value of our retained interest may increase or decrease materially if actual prepayment rates differ from our original assumptions or if market interest rates change. As a result, our financial condition has been and may continue to be adversely affected by our inability to make accurate assumptions regarding the future performance of a securitized pool.
As a result of the continuing market turmoil, we were unable to access the securitization markets during our 2008 fiscal year, and we have had to adjust our operations to reflect our inability to rely on securitizations. Our ability to access the asset-backed securitization markets in the future depends on several factors, including:
• | our ability to originate additional loans for securitization and sale; |
• | conditions in the securities markets, generally; |
• | conditions in the asset-backed securitization markets; |
• | our ability to obtain third-party credit enhancement; |
• | our ability to adequately service the securitized loans; and |
• | the absence of any material downgrading or withdrawal of ratings given to securities previously issued in our securitizations. |
We are highly regulated and failure to satisfy constantly evolving requirements, including minimum regulatory capital ratios, could adversely affect our business and operations.
As a federal savings bank, we are subject to extensive and frequently changing legislative, regulatory and accounting requirements. Many of these requirements place restrictions on our operations. In addition, failure to comply with these requirements can subject us to regulatory enforcement actions, including monetary penalties, and can hurt our reputation with our existing and potential customers.
The requirement to meet minimum regulatory capital ratios is particularly important to our operations. Our capital ratios at September 30, 2008 satisfied the regulatory requirements and were sufficient to meet the standards for classification as a “well capitalized” institution, the highest of five categories under the OTS’s “prompt corrective action” regulations. For further information about our regulatory capital levels, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Financial Condition –Capital” elsewhere in this Form10-K.
Our ability to maintain our regulatory capital at appropriate levels depends on many factors, including general economic conditions, discretion of our regulators and the performance of our loan and lease portfolios. Also, we have historically relied on preferred stock and subordinated debt as significant components of our regulatory capital. Those instruments require significant fixed payments to holders, which increase our expenses and make it more difficult for us to generate additional core capital through retained earnings. In addition, we are a privately held company and as a result we may not be able to access the capital markets as easily and on terms as favorable as if we were a public company.
Failure to meet these capital requirements can subject us to a series of regulatory actions that generally become more severe as our capital levels decline. Those actions can include restricting our payment of dividends, limiting our asset growth, restricting our activities, requiring us to raise additional capital, restricting payments on our subordinated debt or, if our “tangible capital” level is reduced below 2%, placing us into conservatorship or receivership.
For further information about our regulatory capital requirements, including potential changes to those requirements, refer to “Business – Regulation – Regulatory Capital” elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Recently proposed changes to the FDIC deposit insurance premium structure as well as the Bank’s participation in the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program are likely to increase our cost of FDIC insurance in future periods. For further information about our FDIC insurance premiums, refer to “Business – Regulation – Deposit Insurance Premiums” and “Business – Regulation – Recent Legislative and Regulatory Developments” in this report.
We operate in a highly competitive environment, which could adversely impact our ability to attract and retain customers, as well as the pricing of our loans, deposits and other products, causing us to lose market share, deposits and revenues.
We are subject to intense competition from various financial institutions and from non-bank entities that engage in similar activities without being subject to the same regulatory supervision and restrictions. In making loans, we compete with traditional banking institutions as well as consumer finance companies, leasing companies and other non-bank lenders. Loan pricing and credit standards are under competitive pressure as lenders seek to deploy capital and a broader range of borrowers have access to other sources of funding.
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Traditional deposit activities are subject to pricing pressures and customer migration as a result of intense competition for consumer investment dollars. We compete for deposits with other commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, insurance companies, and issuers of commercial paper and other securities, including mutual funds.
Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have substantially more resources than us.
For further information about our competitive environment, please see “Business—Competition” in this report.
A substantial amount of our revenue is derived from non-interest income, which can be less predictable than net interest income.
In recent years, non-interest income, which is reflected as “Other Income” on our consolidated statements of operations, has been an important source of our revenues. We have earned non-interest income primarily from loan servicing and deposit servicing fees, gains on securitizations or sales of loans and mortgage-backed securities, and automobile rental income. For the fiscal years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, we recognized non-interest income of approximately $461.9 million, $370.8 million and $392.6 million, respectively. Our ability to generate non-interest income depends upon market interest rates, consumer preferences, the demand for mortgage and other loans and leases, conditions in the loan sale market, the level of securitized receivables and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. The amount of this income, therefore, can fluctuate substantially. This can be a particular problem for us because of our relatively high proportion of fixed costs such as the payments required on our preferred stock and subordinated debt. A significant decrease in our non-interest income could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
If our allowance for losses is not sufficient to absorb losses in our loan and real estate portfolios, it will adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Some borrowers may not repay loans that we make to them. We record on our financial statements an allowance for possible losses from our loan and real estate portfolios, which reflects management’s best estimates of losses, both known and inherent, in the portfolios. However, we cannot predict losses with certainty. It is possible that we will suffer losses in excess of our allowance for losses, or that future evaluations of our asset portfolio will require significant increases in the allowance for losses as a result of changes in economic conditions, regulatory examinations or our own internal review process. In this event, our financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.
We are subject to risks in connection with our ownership by the Trust.
The Trust owns 80% of our outstanding common stock. Under our tax sharing agreement with the Trust and other affiliates, we are required to pay the Trust an amount equal to 100% of the tax liability that we would have been required to pay to the Internal Revenue Service, commonly referred to as the IRS, if we had filed our own tax return. These amounts generally must be paid even if the affiliated group has no overall tax liability or the group’s tax liability is less than the sum of those amounts. Under the tax sharing agreement, the Trust, in turn, is obligated to pay to the appropriate tax authorities the overall tax liability, if any, of the group.
Generally, in recent years, the operations of the Trust have generated net operating losses, while we have had taxable income. This taxable income generally has been sufficient to fully utilize the losses of the Trust.
However, in the event we have net operating losses or unused tax credits in any taxable year, under the tax sharing agreement the Trust is obligated to reimburse us in an amount generally equal to:
• | the tax benefit to the group of using those tax losses or unused tax credits in the group’s consolidated federal income tax return for such year; and |
• | to the extent those losses or credits are not used by the group in that year, the amount of the tax refunds which we would otherwise have been able to claim if we were not included in the consolidated federal income tax return of the group, but not in excess of the net amount paid by us to The Trust pursuant to the tax sharing agreement. |
There is no assurance that the Trust, which has historically operated at a loss, would be able to fulfill this obligation. If the Trust did not make the reimbursement, the OTS could attempt to characterize the nonpayment as an extension of credit by us to the Trust which is prohibited under current law. The tax sharing agreement itself does not provide for any specific remedies upon a breach by any party of its obligations under the agreement.
In addition, we, as a member of an affiliated group of corporations filing consolidated income tax returns, are liable under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the Code, for the group’s tax liability. Although we would be entitled to reimbursement under the tax sharing agreement for income tax paid with respect to the income of other members of the affiliated group, there can be no assurance that the Trust or other members would be able to fulfill this obligation.
For further information about our tax sharing agreement, please see “Business—Federal Taxation—Consolidated Tax Returns; Tax Sharing Payments elsewhere in this report.
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The Trust has traditionally used tax sharing and dividend payments from us to fund a significant portion of its operations. To the extent we pay dividends to the Trust, those funds are not available for our own operations.
Our business is concentrated in the metropolitan Washington, DC area and would be negatively impacted by an economic downturn in the local economy.
Our principal deposit and lending market is concentrated in the metropolitan Washington, DC area. Accordingly, a disproportionate economic downturn in the local economy would have a greater negative impact on our overall financial performance than on the overall financial performance of larger financial institutions whose borrowers and real estate portfolios are more geographically diverse. In addition, a significant percentage of our mortgage loans are secured by properties in California, and as a result we are subject to risks relating to the California markets.
We are controlled by B. Francis Saul II, whose interests may conflict with those of the holders of our debentures and preferred stock.
B. Francis Saul II, members of his family, and entities controlled by or otherwise affiliated with him, directly or indirectly own all of the outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result, Mr. Saul exercises significant influence over our affairs, and that influence might not always be consistent with the interests of some, or a majority, of the holders of our debentures or preferred stock. For example, Mr. Saul may choose to focus on building the long-term franchise value of the Bank rather than pursuing strategies designed to enhance short-term profitability.
Risks Relating to Our Real Estate Business
If we do not receive dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.
To meet our cash needs, we have historically relied, in part, on dividends paid on the common stock of the Bank, of which we own 80%, and payments made by the Bank under the tax sharing agreement. In the event that the Bank transaction (see Note 39) is consummated, we will no longer have access to these sources of cash. The availability and amount of tax sharing payments and/or dividends has historically depended on:
• | The Bank’s operating performance and income, which may be adversely affected by the risk factors under “Risks Relating to Our Banking Business”; |
• | restrictions imposed by the Bank’s regulators, including the fact that the regulators may not permit the Bank to pay dividends if it does not remain “well capitalized”; |
• | restrictions on the Bank’s ability to pay dividends imposed by the indentures for its outstanding subordinated debt; and |
• | in the case of tax sharing payments, the continued consolidation of the Bank and its subsidiaries with the Real Estate Trust for federal income tax purposes. |
If we do not receive dividends or tax sharing payments from the Bank, we may need to raise funds from other sources. In fiscal 2008 and 2007, the Bank paid us $2.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively, in tax sharing payments. In fiscal 2007 the Bank paid us $16.0 million in dividends. No dividends were received in fiscal 2008.
The Real Estate Trust has historically experienced losses, before taking into account asset sales, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
Historically, we have had operating losses before accounting for gains from the sale of properties and before the consolidation of the Bank into our financial statements. For fiscal 2007, the loss from continuing operations was $2.5 million. The Real Estate Trust recognized income from continuing operations of $17.0 million in fiscal 2008, which included a one-time gain on partial sale of Saul Centers stock of $30.4 million. If we continue to operate at a loss and we do not receive dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank or funds from other sources, our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.
Historically, the fixed expenses of our real estate operations have been greater than our earnings generated by our real estate operations available to pay those expenses, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
During the past five fiscal years, we had sufficient funds available to pay our required interest, debt and ground rent expenses. On a consolidated basis, our total available earnings exceeded our fixed charges by $32.1 million, $94.5 million, $125.0 million, $172.0 million and $185.3 million in fiscal years 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. However, the fixed charges of our real estate operations exceeded the earnings generated by our real estate operations for three of our last five fiscal years. We cannot assure that, in future fiscal years, the revenues generated by our real estate operations will exceed the fixed charges of our real estate operations. As a result, during three of the past five fiscal years the Real Estate Trust depended on other sources of financing, including the receipt of dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank to pay its fixed charges, including payment of principal and interest on the notes. Excluding the dividend and tax sharing payments from the Bank, the Real Estate Trust’s fixed charges would have exceeded its available earnings by $900,000, $2.3 million and $17.9 million in fiscal years 2007, 2005 and 2004, respectively. If the Real Estate Trust is unable to fund any future shortfall between available earnings and required payments with payments from the Bank or from other sources, our business and financial condition could be adversely affected.
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Many real estate costs are fixed, even if income from our properties decreases.
Many of our operating expenses and almost all of our debt service payments associated with the operation of our income-producing properties are fixed, while the income generated from these properties can significantly fluctuate, for example by reductions in occupancy and rental rates. In addition, the operating expenses of income-producing properties can increase due to inflation, increases in real estate taxes and other general economic factors or governmental actions outside our control. As a result, our ability to pay the fixed costs with cash flow produced by our income-producing properties is highly dependent on our ability to maintain or increase rental income and hotel sales revenue.
Adverse trends in the hotel industry may affect some of our properties.
A number of our properties are hotels. The success of these properties depends largely on the property operators’ ability to adapt to dominant trends in the hotel industry, including greater competitive pressures, increased consolidation, industry overbuilding, dependence on business and consumer spending patterns and changing demographics, the introduction of new concepts and products, the availability of labor, price levels and general economic conditions. The success of a particular hotel chain, the ability of a hotel chain to fulfill any obligations to operators of its business, and trends in the hotel industry may affect our results of operations.
Our performance is subject to general risks associated with the real estate industry.
Our economic performance is subject to the risk that if our properties do not generate revenues sufficient to meet our operating expenses, including debt service and capital expenditures, our cash flow and ability to pay our fixed costs will be adversely affected. We are susceptible to the following real estate industry risks:
• | economic downturns in the areas where our properties are located; |
• | adverse changes in local real estate market conditions, such as oversupply or reduction in demand; |
• | changes in tenant preferences that reduce the attractiveness of our properties to tenants; |
• | zoning or regulatory restrictions; |
• | decreases in market rental rates; |
• | decreased demand by the general public for the services of the businesses located in our properties, which could, for example, reduce the income we receive from hotel properties, as advance bookings represent only a small portion of overall revenues and can be cancelled; |
• | costs associated with the need to periodically repair, renovate and re-lease space; and |
• | increases in the cost of adequate maintenance, insurance and other operating costs, including real estate taxes, associated with one or more properties, which may occur even when circumstances such as market factors and competition cause a reduction in revenues from one or more properties, although real estate taxes typically do not increase upon a reduction in such revenues. |
Our development activities are inherently risky.
The ground-up development of improvements on real property, as opposed to the renovation and redevelopment of existing improvements, presents substantial risks. If our development projects are not successful, it may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to the risks associated with real estate investment in general as described elsewhere, the risks associated with our development activities include:
• | Significant time lag between commencement and completion subjects us to greater risks due to fluctuation in the general economy; |
• | Failure or inability to obtain construction or permanent financing on favorable terms; |
• | Expenditure of money and time on projected rental rates or anticipated pace of lease-up; |
• | Higher-than-estimated construction costs, including labor and material costs; and |
• | Possible delay in completion of the project because of a number of factors, including weather, labor disruptions, construction delays or delays in receipt of zoning or other regulatory approvals, or acts of God (such as fires, earthquakes or floods). |
We may be unable to sell properties when appropriate because real estate investments are illiquid.
Real estate investments, including ours, tend to be relatively illiquid, meaning that they can not be sold quickly for cash. This lack of liquidity limits our ability to promptly change the types of properties we own in response to changes in economic, demographic, social, financial and investment conditions. Our inability to respond quickly to adverse changes in the performance of our investments could have an adverse effect on our operations and ability to service our fixed costs.
The amount of debt we have and the restrictions imposed by that debt could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
As of September 30, 2008, we had approximately $615.2 million of mortgage debt outstanding, secured by the majority of our operating properties, $250.0 million of notes secured by our investment in the Bank and $15.0 million in line of credit borrowings secured by our investments in Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Partnership.
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The amount of our debt outstanding from time to time could have important consequences to our operations. For example, it could:
• | require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing funds available for operations, property acquisitions and other appropriate business opportunities that may arise in the future; |
• | limit our ability to obtain any additional financing we may need in the future for working capital, debt refinancing, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development or other general corporate purposes; |
• | make it difficult to satisfy our debt service requirements; |
• | limit our ability to make distributions on our outstanding common and preferred stock; |
• | require us to dedicate increased amounts of our cash flow from operations to payments on our variable rate, unhedged debt, if applicable, if interest rates rise; |
• | limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the factors that affect the profitability of our business, which may place us at a disadvantage compared to competitors with less debt or debt with less restrictive terms; and |
• | limit our ability to obtain any additional financing we may need in the future for working capital, debt refinancing, capital expenditures, acquisitions, development or other general corporate purposes. |
Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on, or to refinance, our indebtedness will depend primarily on our future performance, which to a certain extent is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors described in this section. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from our business in the future to service our debt or meet our other cash needs, we may be required to refinance all or a portion of our existing debt, sell assets or obtain additional financing to meet our debt obligations and other cash needs. Our ability to refinance, sell assets or obtain additional financing may not be possible on terms that we would find acceptable.
Recent events and trends in the real estate and credit markets may affect our business, results of operations and ability to obtain capital.
There has been a significant downturn in the national real estate market, including the metropolitan Washington, D.C. area, where the majority of the our office and hotel properties are located. Continued deterioration in the local economies where our properties are located may lead to lower hotel occupancy and average daily room rates, increased tenant bankruptcies, increased vacancies and decreased rental rates in the office and industrial portfolio.
As of September 30, 2008, fixed rate debt represents approximately 98% of our notes payable, thus minimizing the effect of increased interest rates on our financial condition. Our earliest fixed rate debt maturity, approximately $4.0 million, is September, 2010 and our lines of credit, maturing January, 2010 and June 2010, both contain provisions for one-year extensions. As of September 30, 2008, we have loan availability of $130.0 million on our $150.0 million revolving credit facilities.
We are obligated to comply with financial and other covenants in our debt that could restrict our operating activities, and the failure to comply could result in defaults that accelerate the payment under our debt.
Our secured debt generally contains customary covenants, including, among others, provisions:
• | relating to the maintenance of the property securing the debt; |
• | relating to the implementation of lockboxes or change in management if debt service coverage ratios are not met; |
• | restricting our ability to assign or further encumber the properties securing the debt; and |
• | restricting our ability to enter into certain new leases or to amend or modify certain existing leases without obtaining consent of the lenders. |
Our ability to meet some of the covenants in our debt, including covenants related to the condition of the property or payment of real estate taxes, may be dependent on the performance by our tenants under their leases.
In addition, our line of credit requires us to satisfy financial covenants. The material financial covenant requires us, on a consolidated basis, to:
• | limit the amount of debt so that interest expense coverage is not less than 1.15 to 1 on a trailing four quarter basis; |
As of September 30, 2008, we were in compliance with all such covenants. If we were to breach any of our debt covenants and did not cure the breach within any applicable cure period, our lenders could require us to repay the debt immediately, and, if the debt is secured, could immediately begin proceedings to take possession of the property securing the loan. Some of our debt arrangements are cross-defaulted, which means that the lenders under those debt arrangements can put us in default and require immediate repayment of their debt if we breach and fail to cure a covenant under certain of our other debt obligations. As a result, any default under our debt covenants could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations and our ability to meet our obligations.
If the share price of Saul Centers common stock falls below $37.40 per share, our borrowing availability under our revolving credit facilities will be reduced.
Environmental laws and regulations could reduce the value or profitability of our properties.
All real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations relating to hazardous materials, environmental protection and human health and safety. Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, we and our tenants may be required to investigate and clean up certain hazardous or toxic substances released on or in properties we own or operate, and also may be required to pay other costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances. This liability may be imposed without
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regard to whether we or our tenants knew about the release of these types of substances or were responsible for their release. The presence of contamination or the failure properly to remediate contamination at any of our properties may adversely affect our ability to sell or lease those properties or to borrow using those properties as collateral. The costs or liabilities could exceed the value of the affected real estate. We are not aware of any environmental condition with respect to any of our properties that management believes would have a material adverse effect on our business, assets or results of operations taken as a whole. The uses of any of our properties prior to our acquisition of the property and the building materials used at the property are among the property-specific factors that will affect how the environmental laws are applied to our properties. If we are subject to any material environmental liabilities, the liabilities could adversely affect our results of operations and our ability to meet our obligations.
We cannot predict what other environmental legislation or regulations will be enacted in the future, how existing or future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted or what environmental conditions may be found to exist on the properties in the future. Compliance with existing and new laws and regulations may require us or our tenants to spend funds to remedy environmental problems. Our tenants, like many of their competitors, have incurred, and will continue to incur, capital and operating expenditures and other costs associated with complying with these laws and regulations, which will adversely affect their potential profitability.
Generally, our tenants must comply with environmental laws and meet remediation requirements. Our leases typically impose obligations on our tenants to indemnify us from any compliance costs we may incur as a result of the environmental conditions on the property caused by the tenant. If a lease does not require compliance or if a tenant fails to or cannot comply, we could be forced to pay these costs. If not addressed, environmental conditions could impair our ability to sell or re-lease the affected properties in the future or result in lower sales prices or rent payments.
Our insurance coverage on our properties may be inadequate.
We carry comprehensive insurance on all of our properties, including insurance for liability, fire, flood and rental loss. We also carry environmental insurance on most of our properties. These environmental policies contain coverage limitations. We believe this coverage is of the type and amount customarily obtained for or by an owner of real property assets. We intend to obtain similar insurance coverage on subsequently acquired properties.
In recent years the availability of insurance coverage has decreased and the prices for insurance have increased. As a result, we may be unable to renew or duplicate our current insurance coverage in adequate amounts or at reasonable prices. In addition, insurance companies may no longer offer coverage against certain types of losses, such as losses due to terrorist acts and toxic mold, or, if offered, the expense of obtaining these types of insurance may not be justified. We therefore may cease to have insurance coverage against certain types of losses and/or there may be decreases in the limits of insurance available. If an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of our insured limits occurs, we could lose all or a portion of the capital we have invested in a property, as well as the anticipated future revenue from the property, but still remain obligated for any mortgage debt or other financial obligations related to the property. We cannot guarantee that material losses in excess of insurance proceeds will not occur in the future. If any of our properties were to experience a catastrophic loss, it could seriously disrupt our operations, delay revenue and result in large expenses to repair or rebuild the property. Also, due to inflation, changes in codes and ordinances, environmental considerations and other factors, it may not be feasible to use insurance proceeds to replace a building after it has been damaged or destroyed. Events such as these could adversely affect our results of operations and our ability to meet our obligations.
The homebuilding industry is significantly affected by changes in general and local economic conditions, real estate markets and weather conditions, which could affect our ability to build homes at prices our customers are willing or able to pay, could reduce profits that may not be recaptured and could result in cancellation of sales contracts.
The Real Estate Trust is currently developing a 107 unit townhome development in the metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia market. As of December 8, 2008, 49 of the 107 units have been sold. Market conditions in the housing industry have slowed significantly in 2007 and 2008 in our market, as new contracts have declined and cancellation rates have increased. The homebuilding industry is cyclical, has from time to time experienced significant difficulties and is significantly affected by changes in general and local economic conditions such as:
• | employment levels and job growth; |
• | availability of financing for home buyers; |
• | interest rates; |
• | costs of raw materials and labor; |
• | consumer confidence; |
• | housing demand; and |
• | population growth. |
We may be required to make payments to the Bank.
If, in any fiscal year, the Bank has a net operating loss, we would be required under the tax sharing agreement with the Bank to make payments to the Bank if we or any of our affiliated companies use all or a portion of that loss to offset our taxable income. If the Bank has a net operating loss that is not used by us in that year to offset our taxable income, the Bank can use those losses to obtain a refund from the IRS of taxes paid in previous years or to obtain a refund from us of tax sharing payments paid by the Bank to us, or both, depending on the amount of losses and the taxable year in which they occurred.
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As of September 30, 2008, the amount of the tax sharing payments that the Real Estate Trust received from the Bank and that is subject to recapture should the Bank have future tax losses is $6.2 million. In future years, the amount of the tax sharing payments that is subject to recapture will vary based on the actual amounts of taxable income and losses generated by the Real Estate Trust and by the Bank.
In addition, we may, if the Bank’s regulatory capital falls below certain levels, be required to contribute capital to the Bank.
Other Risks
We are controlled by B. Francis Saul II, whose interests may conflict with those of the holders of our secured notes.
B. Francis Saul II, members of his family, and entities controlled by or otherwise affiliated with him, directly or indirectly, own all of the outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result, Mr. Saul exercises significant influence over our affairs, which influence might not be consistent with the interests of some, or a majority, of the holders of our secured notes or the holders of the Bank’s debentures or preferred stock.
ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
The Trust has not received any written comments from the Securities and Exchange Commission staff regarding its periodic or current reports in the 180 days preceding September 30, 2008 that remain unresolved.
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ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES |
A list of the investment properties of the Real Estate Trust is set forth under “Item 1. Business—Real Estate—Real Estate Investments.”
The Trust conducts its principal business from its executive offices at 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1500, Bethesda, Maryland. The Saul Company leases all office facilities on behalf of the Trust.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank conducted its business from its home office at 7926 Jones Branch Drive, McLean, Virginia and its executive offices at 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland; its operations centers at 6151 and 6200 Chevy Chase Drive, and 14601 Sweitzer Lane, Laurel, Maryland; and 273 full-service offices located in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and the District of Columbia. On that date, the Bank owned the building and land for 60 of its branch offices and leased its remaining 213 branch offices. Chevy Chase leases the office facilities at 7926 Jones Branch Drive, 6200 Chevy Chase Drive and 14601 Sweitzer Lane. Chevy Chase leases office facilities at 1919 M Street, NW, Washington, DC, which previously housed a subsidiary that relocated to the Bank’s executive offices during 2005. Chevy Chase owns the building and leases the land at 7501 Wisconsin Avenue. In addition, the Bank leases office space in which its subsidiaries are housed. The office facility leases have various terms expiring from fiscal years 2008 to 2033 and the ground leases have terms expiring from fiscal years 2029 to 2081. The Bank owns the building and land for its operations center at 6151 Chevy Chase Drive, Laurel, Maryland.
At September 30, 2008, the net book value of the Bank’s office facilities, including leasehold improvements, was $363.9 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $181.3 million. The Bank owns additional assets, including furniture and data processing equipment. At September 30, 2008, these other assets had a book value of $337.0 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $198.8 million. The Bank also has operating leases, primarily for certain data processing equipment and software. Those leases have month-to-month or year-to-year terms. See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
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ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
In the normal course of business, the Real Estate Trust is involved in litigation, which may include disputes with tenants and certain employment claims, and litigation arising from the continued development and marketing of certain of its real estate properties. In the opinion of management, litigation which is currently pending will not have a material adverse impact on the financial condition or future operations of the Trust.
BANKING
During the normal course of business, the Bank is involved in litigation, which may include litigation arising out of its lending activities, the enforcement or defense of the priority of its security interests, the continued development and marketing of certain of its real estate properties and certain employment claims. Although the amounts claimed in some of these suits in which the Bank is a defendant may be material, the Bank denies liability and, in the opinion of management, litigation which is currently pending will not have a material impact on the financial condition or future operations of the Bank. On January 16, 2007, in the case of Andrews v. Chevy Chase Bank in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin, the court ruled that the Bank’s disclosures relating to certain residential mortgage loans violated the federal Truth-in-Lending (“TIL”) Act and certified a class of borrowers were entitled to rescind their loans. On September 24, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit granted the Bank’s motion to reverse the trial court’s order certifying the class and the plaintiffs’ request for rehearing was denied on October 31, 2008.
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008.
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PART II
ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
There currently is no established public trading market for Common Shares. At December 15, 2008, there were seven corporate holders of record of Common Shares. All holders of Common Shares at such date were affiliated with the Trust. The Trust has no common share equivalents. The Trust declared the following common dividends during fiscal 2008. On January 17, 2008, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.248 per share, totaling approximately $1.2 million, payable on January 18, 2008, to holders of record on December 31, 2007. On March 6, 2008, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.436 per share, totaling approximately $2.1 million, payable on March 7, 2008, to holders of record on March 6, 2008. On June 19, 2008, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.342 per share, totaling approximately $1.6 million, payable on June 20, 2008, to holders of record on June 19, 2008. On September 18, 2008, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.342 per share, totaling approximately $1.6 million, payable on September 19, 2008, to holders of record on September 18, 2008. The Trust declared the following common dividends during fiscal 2007. On January 18, 2007, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.248 per share, totaling approximately $1.2 million, payable on January 19, 2007, to holders of record on December 29, 2006. On March 8, 2007, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.4362 per share, totaling approximately $2.1 million, payable on March 13, 2007, to holders of record on March 9, 2007. On June 28, 2007, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.342 per share, totaling approximately $1.6 million, payable on June 29, 2007, to holders of record on June 22, 2007. On September 20, 2007, the Trust declared a dividend on its common shares of $0.342 per share totaling approximately $1.6 million, payable on September 25, 2007, to holders of record on September 20, 2007. See “Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.”
ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
The selected financial data of the Trust herein have been derived from the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Trust. The data should be read in conjunction with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this report.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts and other data) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 204,156 | $ | 199,545 | $ | 169,637 | $ | 139,504 | $ | 123,646 | ||||||||||
Operating expenses | 231,679 | 216,117 | 182,134 | 155,381 | 156,851 | |||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities, net | 11,443 | 12,540 | 10,051 | 8,246 | 7,788 | |||||||||||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers Stock | 30,356 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Gain on sales of property | — | 1,534 | 416 | 263 | 2,769 | |||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of investment | 2,727 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Real estate operating income (loss) | 17,003 | (2,498 | ) | (2,030 | ) | (7,368 | ) | (22,648 | ) | |||||||||||
Banking: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 759,323 | 826,819 | 737,346 | 575,133 | 443,436 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | 318,854 | 388,291 | 318,171 | 207,193 | 163,022 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income | 440,469 | 438,528 | 419,175 | 367,940 | 280,414 | |||||||||||||||
(Provision) credit for loan losses | (318,519 | ) | (3,383 | ) | 9,004 | 11,569 | 14,522 | |||||||||||||
Net interest income after (provision) credit for loan losses | 121,950 | 435,145 | 428,179 | 379,509 | 294,936 | |||||||||||||||
Other income: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit servicing fees | 174,015 | 153,574 | 144,548 | 136,279 | 129,107 | |||||||||||||||
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income | 209,895 | 145,757 | 156,438 | 169,472 | 213,887 | |||||||||||||||
Automobile rental income | 590 | 8,309 | 35,196 | 81,963 | 157,034 | |||||||||||||||
Asset management fees | 44,634 | 38,927 | 33,291 | 18,803 | 14,857 | |||||||||||||||
Other | 32,725 | 24,212 | 23,103 | 33,713 | 22,444 | |||||||||||||||
Total other income | 461,859 | 370,779 | 392,576 | 440,230 | 537,329 | |||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | 613,466 | 695,120 | 681,952 | 630,044 | 601,050 | |||||||||||||||
Banking operating (loss) income | (29,657 | ) | 110,804 | 138,803 | 189,695 | 231,215 | ||||||||||||||
Total Company: | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest | (12,654 | ) | 108,306 | 136,773 | 182,327 | 208,567 | ||||||||||||||
Income tax (benefit) provision | (13,632 | ) | 35,435 | 39,663 | 59,141 | 70,480 | ||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations before minority interest | 978 | 72,871 | 97,110 | 123,186 | 138,087 | |||||||||||||||
Minority interest held by affiliates | 7,887 | (9,041 | ) | (13,597 | ) | (19,516 | ) | (23,070 | ) | |||||||||||
Minority interest - other | (29,293 | ) | (29,213 | ) | (29,141 | ) | (29,071 | ) | (37,195 | ) | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | (20,428 | ) | 34,617 | 54,372 | 74,599 | 77,822 | ||||||||||||||
Discontinued real estate operations, net of income taxes | — | — | 2,590 | (1,001 | ) | (1,122 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of income taxes | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total company net (loss) income | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | $ | 73,598 | $ | 76,700 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders | $ | (25,846 | ) | $ | 29,199 | $ | 51,544 | $ | 68,180 | $ | 71,282 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (5.38 | ) | $ | 6.07 | $ | 10.18 | $ | 14.39 | $ | 15.06 | |||||||||
Discontinued operations | — | — | 0.54 | (0.21 | ) | (0.23 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income per common share (Basic and Diluted) | $ | (5.38 | ) | $ | 6.07 | $ | 10.72 | $ | 14.18 | $ | 14.83 | |||||||||
Continued on following page.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(Continued)
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts and other data) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||
BALANCE SHEET DATA: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate assets | $ | 745,760 | $ | 751,886 | $ | 662,812 | $ | 465,830 | $ | 458,169 | ||||||||||
Income-producing properties, net (1) | 437,498 | 417,853 | 373,093 | 270,828 | 273,360 | |||||||||||||||
Land parcels | 51,204 | 43,354 | 44,582 | 48,029 | 41,654 | |||||||||||||||
Construction in progress | 91,932 | 83,756 | 34,946 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Banking assets | 15,463,429 | 15,089,063 | 14,141,121 | 14,244,961 | 13,270,847 | |||||||||||||||
Total company assets | 16,209,189 | 15,840,949 | 14,803,933 | 14,710,791 | 13,729,016 | |||||||||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate liabilities | 965,188 | 923,172 | 832,379 | 660,219 | 676,301 | |||||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable (1) | 615,152 | 579,639 | 488,339 | 294,328 | 311,316 | |||||||||||||||
Notes payable - secured | 250,000 | 250,000 | 250,000 | 250,000 | 250,000 | |||||||||||||||
Notes payable - unsecured | — | — | 21,398 | 57,760 | 56,428 | |||||||||||||||
Revolving credit facilities | 15,000 | 14,000 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Banking liabilities | 14,455,419 | 14,101,524 | 13,192,459 | 13,324,284 | 12,400,167 | |||||||||||||||
Minority interest held by affiliates | 142,374 | 138,305 | 130,529 | 124,932 | 114,933 | |||||||||||||||
Minority interest - other | 296,140 | 296,013 | 296,013 | 296,013 | 296,013 | |||||||||||||||
Total company liabilities | 15,859,121 | 15,459,014 | 14,451,380 | 14,405,448 | 13,487,414 | |||||||||||||||
Shareholders’ equity | 350,068 | 381,935 | 352,553 | 305,343 | 241,602 | |||||||||||||||
OTHER DATA (1): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Hotels: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of hotels | 19 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 18 | |||||||||||||||
Number of guest rooms | 3,438 | 3,267 | 3,110 | 3,383 | 3,573 | |||||||||||||||
Average occupancy | 68 | % | 71 | % | 70 | % | 68 | % | 66 | % | ||||||||||
Average room rate | $ | 138.59 | $ | 136.54 | $ | 128.88 | $ | 106.81 | $ | 91.67 | ||||||||||
Office properties: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of properties | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | |||||||||||||||
Leasable area (square feet) | 2,170,225 | 2,168,056 | 1,990,147 | 1,990,147 | 1,978,016 | |||||||||||||||
Leasing percentages | 88 | % | 86 | % | 92 | % | 91 | % | 89 | % | ||||||||||
Land parcels: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Number of parcels | 10 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 10 | |||||||||||||||
Total acreage | 409 | 370 | 439 | 452 | 381 |
(1) | Includes real estate held for sale for fiscal 2005 and earlier. |
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ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The Trust has prepared its financial statements and other disclosures on a consolidated basis. The term “Trust” used in the text and the financial statements included herein refers to the combined entity, which includes B. F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries, including Chevy Chase and its subsidiaries. The term “Real Estate Trust” refers to B. F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries, excluding Chevy Chase and its subsidiaries. The operations conducted by the Real Estate Trust are designated as “Real Estate,” while the business conducted by the bank and its subsidiaries is identified by the term “Banking.”
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Trust’s accounting policies are in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to use judgment in the application of accounting policies, including making estimates and assumptions. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the Trust’s financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. If judgment or interpretation of the facts and circumstances relating to the various transactions had been different, it is possible that different accounting policies would have been applied resulting in a different presentation of the financial statements. Below is a discussion of accounting policies which the Trust considers critical in that they may require judgment in their application or require estimates about matters which are inherently uncertain. Additional discussion of accounting policies which the Trust considers significant, including further discussion of the critical accounting policies described below, can be found in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
REAL ESTATE
Real Estate Properties: Income-producing properties are stated at the lower of depreciated cost (except those which were acquired through foreclosure or equivalent proceedings, the carrying amounts of which are based on the lower of cost or fair value at the time of acquisition) or net realizable value. Management believes that these assets have generally appreciated in value and, accordingly, the aggregate current value exceeds their aggregate net book value and also exceeds the value of the Real Estate Trust’s liabilities as reported in these financial statements. Because these financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP, they do not report the current value of the Real Estate Trust’s real estate assets. The purchase price of real estate assets is allocated between land, building, in-place acquired leases and other intangibles based on the relative fair values of the components at the date of acquisition. Buildings are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 28 to 50 years. Intangibles associated with acquired leases are amortized over the remaining lease terms.
Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Real Estate Trust recognizes an impairment loss. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets and identifiable intangibles that the Real Estate Trust expects to hold and use is based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets and certain intangibles to be disposed of are generally reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less the cost to sell.
Interest, real estate taxes and other carrying costs are capitalized on projects under construction. Once construction is completed and the assets are placed in service, rental income, direct operating expenses, and depreciation associated with such properties are included in current operations. The Real Estate Trust considers a project to be substantially complete and held available for occupancy upon completion of tenant improvements, but no later than one year from the cessation of major construction activity. Substantially completed portions of a project are accounted for as separate projects. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to operations as incurred.
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method and the estimated useful lives of 28 to 50 years for buildings and up to 20 years for certain other improvements. Tenant improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease.
Income Recognition:The Real Estate Trust derives room and other revenues from the operations of its hotel portfolio. Hotel revenue is recognized as earned. The Real Estate Trust derives rental income under noncancelable long-term leases from tenants at its commercial properties. Commercial property rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis. When rental payments due under leases vary from a straight-line basis because of free rent periods or scheduled rent increases, income is recognized on a straight-line basis throughout the initial term of the lease. Expense recoveries represent a portion of property operating expenses billed to tenants, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and other recoverable costs. Expense recoveries are recognized in the period when the expenses are incurred. For townhome sales, in accordance with SFAS No. 66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate” (“SFAS 66”), revenue is recognized and costs of sales are recorded when each townhome sale is closed and title is conveyed to the buyer, adequate cash payment is received and there is no continued involvement by the Real Estate Trust.
BANKING
General:The Bank’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), which requires the Bank to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect its reported results. See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The Bank has identified four particular policies that, due to estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, involve a relatively high degree of judgment and complexity.
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Allowance for Losses:The Bank maintains allowances for possible losses on its loans at levels it believes to be adequate to absorb inherent losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for losses using a variety of measures and tools appropriate for the asset type, including historical loss performance, delinquent status, current economic conditions, internal risk ratings, current underwriting policies and practices and market values for similar assets.
Derivative Instruments:The Bank uses a variety of derivative financial instruments in order to mitigate its exposure to changes in market interest rates. To mitigate the risk that the value of fixed rate mortgage loans held for sale will change as interest rates change, the Bank generally enters into mortgage-backed security forward sales contracts. In addition, the Bank issues commitments to make fixed-rate mortgage loans in which the customer “locks in” the interest rate before closing on the loan. These interest rate locks are treated as derivative instruments in the financial statements. All derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value, which generally represents the amount of money the Bank would receive or pay if the item were sold or bought in a current transaction. Fair market values are based on market quotes when they are available. If market quotes are not available, fair values are based on market or dealer prices of similar items or discounted cash flows using market estimates of interest rates, prepayment speeds and other assumptions.
When determining the extent to which interest rate exposures should be hedged, the Bank makes certain estimates and judgments relating to, among other things, the probability that the interest-rate lock will become a loan, the timing of the loan closing and the timing of the subsequent sale of the loan transaction. To the extent that the actual results are different from the Bank’s assumptions, the hedging strategy may not be effective in offsetting the changes in the values of the hedged items, and the Bank’s earnings may decline.
Interest-Only Strips Receivable and Certificates:The Bank sells loans and retains an interest-only strip receivable or receives an interest-only certificate related to the sold loans. The interest-only assets are initially recorded by allocating the previous carrying value of the assets involved in the transactions between the assets sold and the interests retained, including the interest-only strips receivable. Subsequently, the interest-only assets are carried at their estimated fair values, with changes in fair value reflected in income. Fair value of these interest-only assets is based on discounted expected future cash flows, which are determined using various assumptions, the most significant of which are discount rates and prepayment speeds. The Bank also engages independent firms with expertise in this area to evaluate these assets and determine a range of fair values. If actual prepayment or default rates significantly exceed the estimates, the actual amount of future cash flow could be less than the expected amount and the value of the interest-only assets, as well as the Bank’s earnings, could decline. The Bank did not have any credit enhancing interest-only strips receivables at September 30, 2008 or 2007.
Mortgage Servicing Rights (“MSR”):The Bank sells mortgage loans and retains the right to service those loans. Also, the Bank has purchased the right to service mortgage loans originated by third parties. Effective with the adoption of SFAS 156, on October 1, 2007, the Bank’s MSRs are carried at fair value. Fair value of MSR is based on discounted expected future income, net of related expenses, to be generated by servicing the underlying loans. When determining fair value, the Bank uses several assumptions, the most significant of which are the estimated rate of repayment of the underlying loans and a discount rate. The Bank also engages independent firms with expertise in this area to evaluate these assets and determine a range of fair values. If actual repayment rates significantly exceed the estimates, the actual amount of future cash flow could be less than the expected amount and the value of the MSR, as well as the Bank’s earnings, could decline.
The Bank believes that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are appropriate given the factual circumstances at the time. However, given the sensitivity of the Consolidated Financial Statements to these items, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions, as well as differences between actual results and the estimates and assumptions, could result in material differences in the Bank’s results of operations and financial condition.
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The Real Estate Trust’s investment portfolio at September 30, 2007, consisted primarily of hotels, office and industrial buildings, and land parcels. At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust’s hotel portfolio, including the January 2007 and October 2007 newly constructed hotels, is comprised of 19 properties containing 3,438 available rooms. The office and industrial property portfolio consisted of 15 properties with a total gross leasable area of 2,170,000 square feet. See “Item 1. Business — Real Estate — Real Estate Investments.”
The hotel portfolio, excluding the newly constructed properties placed in service in January 2007 and October 2007, (“Same hotel properties”) experienced an average occupancy of 68.2% and an average room rate of $139.28 during fiscal 2008, compared to an average occupancy of 71.4% and an average room rate of $136.78 during the prior fiscal year. REVPAR (revenue per available room) for the same hotel properties was $94.95 for fiscal 2008, down 2.8% compared to REVPAR for fiscal 2007 of $97.71.
During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust’s hotel portfolio experienced a slight increase in average room rates which was offset by a slight decrease in occupancy resulting in a decrease in REVPAR for the period when compared to fiscal 2007.
The Real Estate Trust’s office and industrial property portfolio was 88.2% leased at September 30, 2008, compared to a leasing rate of 86.3% at September 30, 2007. The majority of the increase in occupancy is due to the re-leasing of an approximately 100,000 square foot, single tenant, industrial building located in Northern Virginia. The prior tenant vacated this space on March 31, 2007. Rental income from this space commenced during the quarter ended June 30, 2008. This increase in occupancy was partially offset by decreases at other office and industrial properties. At September 30, 2008, of the total gross leasable area of 2,170,000 square feet, 359,930 square feet (16.6%) and 369,534 square feet (17.0%) were subject to leases expiring in fiscal 2009 and fiscal 2010, respectively. Expiring leases, by property, are detailed in Part I, Item I of this Form 10-K. The Real Estate Trust is actively marketing all expiring space, both through possible renewals or new tenants.
General.The Bank’s assets increased by $374.4 million to $15.5 billion during fiscal year 2008. The Bank recorded an operating loss of $29.7 million during fiscal year 2008, compared to operating income of $110.8 million during fiscal year 2007. The decline in operating income was primarily attributable to a significant increase in the provision for loan losses due to the continued decline in general economic conditions and the credit and housing markets, and was partially offset by increases in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income and deposit servicing fees and decreases in salaries and employee benefits and servicing assets adjustments and other loan expenses. See “Results of Operations.”
Ongoing conditions in the broader credit markets and, more specifically, in the mortgage markets, have resulted in reduced investor demand and less favorable terms for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans. As a result, the Bank did not securitize and sell any loans during the year ended September 30, 2008. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank securitized and sold $1.9 billion of loans and recognized gains of $48.6 million.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s tangible, core, tier 1 risk-based and total risk-based regulatory capital ratios were 5.96%, 5.96%, 8.77% and 11.67%, respectively. The Bank’s capital ratios exceeded regulatory requirements as well as the standards established for well-capitalized institutions under OTS prompt corrective action regulations. See “Capital.”
During fiscal year 2008 the Bank did not pay any dividends on its Common Stock.
The Bank’s assets are subject to review and classification by the OTS upon examination. The OTS is currently conducting a regular safety and soundness examination of the Bank that is expected to conclude in January 2009.
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Asset Quality.Non-Performing Assets. The Bank’s overall level of non-performing assets increased during fiscal year 2008 due primarily to increased levels of non-accrual residential mortgage loans and higher levels of REO due to increased foreclosures of residential mortgage properties. The following table sets forth information concerning the Bank’s non-performing assets at the dates indicated. The figures shown are after charge-offs and, in the case of real estate acquired in settlement of loans, after all valuation allowances.
Non-Performing Assets
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-performing assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage | $ | 472,657 | $ | 76,675 | $ | 27,352 | $ | 20,874 | $ | 8,993 | ||||||||||
Home equity | 9,881 | 5,559 | 1,858 | 1,443 | 1,767 | |||||||||||||||
Construction to permanent | 44,820 | 3,972 | 1,481 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual real estate loans | 527,358 | 86,206 | 30,691 | 22,317 | 10,760 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial | 2,303 | 571 | 13 | 30 | 242 | |||||||||||||||
Subprime automobile | — | — | 14 | 375 | 1,164 | |||||||||||||||
Prime automobile | 417 | 211 | 505 | 768 | 1,069 | |||||||||||||||
Other consumer | 269 | 126 | 202 | 216 | 472 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual loans (1) | 530,347 | 87,114 | 31,425 | 23,706 | 13,707 | |||||||||||||||
Real estate acquired in settlement of loans, net | 91,985 | 48,443 | 32,310 | 20,265 | 20,357 | |||||||||||||||
Total non-performing assets | $ | 622,332 | $ | 135,557 | $ | 63,735 | $ | 43,971 | $ | 34,064 | ||||||||||
Troubled debt restructurings (2) | $ | 307,724 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
Allowance for losses on loans (3) | $ | 278,904 | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | $ | 37,750 | ||||||||||
Allowance for losses on real estate held for investment | — | — | — | — | 202 | |||||||||||||||
Total allowances for losses | $ | 278,904 | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | $ | 37,952 | ||||||||||
Interest income recorded on: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual assets | $ | 1,210 | $ | 2,690 | $ | 1,488 | $ | 449 | $ | 180 | ||||||||||
Restructured loans | $ | 2,774 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
Interest income that would have been recorded had non performing and restructured loans been current in accordance with their original terms: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual assets | $ | 10,822 | $ | 4,578 | $ | 1,801 | $ | 1,034 | $ | 1,206 | ||||||||||
Restructured loans | $ | 3,178 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
Ratios: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-performing assets to total assets | 4.02 | % | 0.90 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.31 | % | 0.26 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for losses on real estate loans to non-accrual real estate loans (1) | 48.11 | % | 19.28 | % | 36.33 | % | 47.48 | % | 91.02 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for losses on loans to non-accrual loans (1) | 52.59 | % | 33.29 | % | 79.55 | % | 120.81 | % | 275.41 | % | ||||||||||
Allowance for losses on loans to total loans receivable (4) | 2.34 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.26 | % | 0.36 | % |
(1) | Before deduction of allowances for losses. |
(2) | Includes $7.5 million of TDRs which are also included as non-accrual loans. |
(3) | Allowance for loan losses includes $57.7 million related to loans greater than 180 days delinquent. |
(4) | Includes loans receivable and loans held for securitization and/or sale, before deduction of allowance for losses. |
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Non-performing assets include non-accrual loans and REO, acquired either through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, or pursuant to in-substance foreclosure. Non-accrual loans consist of loans contractually past due 90 days or more or with respect to which other factors indicate that full payment of principal and interest is unlikely.
Non-performing assets totaled $622.3 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $135.6 million, at September 30, 2007. The Bank maintained valuation allowances of $278.9 million and $29.0 million on its loan portfolio at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The $486.7 million increase in non-performing assets reflected a net increase in non-accrual loans of $443.2 million coupled with an increase in REO of $43.5 million.
Non-accrual Loans. The Bank’s non-accrual loans totaled $530.3 million at September 30, 2008, an increase from $87.1 million at September 30, 2007. At September 30, 2008, non-accrual loans consisted of $527.4 million of non-accrual real estate loans and $3.0 million of non-accrual prime automobile, commercial and other consumer loans compared to non-accrual real estate loans of $86.2 million and non-accrual prime automobile, subprime automobile, commercial and other consumer loans of $0.9 million at September 30, 2007.
The significant increase in non-accrual loans and delinquencies (discussed below) is concentrated in residential mortgage and, to a lesser extent, single-family/construction to permanent loans, and is due primarily to the continued softening in the housing market and downturn in general economic conditions. Non-performing assets are likely to continue to increase in future periods as interest rates and required payments adjust on payment-option and interest-only loans in the Bank’s portfolio. In addition, stricter underwriting standards and weakening property values have made refinancing more difficult.
REO. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s REO totaled $92.0 million compared to $48.4 million at September 30, 2007. Residential mortgage foreclosures increased substantially as a result of deteriorating economic conditions and lower housing prices. Lower volumes of sales transactions, longer marketing periods, growing inventories of unsold homes and increased foreclosure rates continue to exert downward pressure on home prices in many parts of the country. In addition, stricter underwriting guidelines for loan products has made refinancing more difficult for many borrowers.
The Bank continues to monitor closely its major non-performing and potential problem assets in light of current and anticipated market conditions. The Bank’s asset workout group focuses its efforts on resolving these problem assets as expeditiously as possible.
Potential Problem Assets. Although not considered non-performing assets, primarily because the loans are not 90 or more days past due and the borrowers have not abandoned control of the properties, potential problem assets are experiencing problems sufficient to cause management to have serious doubts as to the ability of the borrowers to comply with present repayment terms. Potential problem assets totaled $10.7 million and $4.1 million, at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase is primarily due to the down-grading of one commercial lending relationship with an aggregate book value of $7.9 million.
The Bank’s Watch List Committee meets quarterly and reviews all commercial lending relationships which are rated vulnerable, criticized or classified and have commitments of $1.0 million or greater. This committee reviews the current status of each relationship, recent changes, performance against the corrective action plan presented at the prior meeting, and the current action plan for the relationship.
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Delinquent Loans. At September 30, 2008, delinquent loans totaled $228.3 million, or 1.9% of loans, compared to $90.3 million, or 0.8% of loans, at September 30, 2007. The following table sets forth information regarding the Bank’s delinquent loans at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Principal Balance (Dollars in thousands) Loans Delinquent for | ||||||||||||
30-59 days | 60-89 days | Total | ||||||||||
Residential Mortgage | $ | 124,030 | $ | 75,043 | $ | 199,073 | ||||||
Home Equity | 10,018 | 4,569 | 14,587 | |||||||||
Single-family / Construction to permanent | 2,165 | 4,585 | 6,750 | |||||||||
Commercial | 2,903 | 141 | 3,044 | |||||||||
Consumer | 3,774 | 1,038 | 4,812 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 142,890 | $ | 85,376 | $ | 228,266 | ||||||
Total as a Percentage of Loans(1) | 1.2 | % | 0.7 | % | 1.9 | % | ||||||
September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Principal Balance (Dollars in thousands) Loans Delinquent for | ||||||||||||
30-59 days | 60-89 days | Total | ||||||||||
Residential Mortgage | $ | 52,927 | $ | 17,682 | $ | 70,609 | ||||||
Home Equity | 1,624 | 3,028 | 4,652 | |||||||||
Single-family / Construction to permanent | 9,863 | 1,584 | 11,447 | |||||||||
Commercial | 325 | — | 325 | |||||||||
Consumer | 2,444 | 846 | 3,290 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 67,183 | $ | 23,140 | $ | 90,323 | ||||||
Total as a Percentage of Loans(1) | 0.6 | % | 0.2 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||||
(1) | Includes loans held for sale and/or securitization, before deduction of valuation allowances, unearned premiums and discounts and deferred loan origination fees (costs). |
Total residential mortgage and home equity loans delinquent 30-89 days increased to $199.1 million and $14.6 million, respectively, at September 30, 2008 from $70.6 million and $4.7 million, respectively, at September 30, 2007, primarily due to deterioration in general economic conditions and housing market conditions as discussed above.
Troubled Debt Restructurings. A troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) occurs when the Bank agrees to modify significant terms of a loan in favor of a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. The Bank modified 419 residential mortgage loans with an aggregate principal balance of $307.7 million during fiscal year 2008, all of which are treated as TDRs. An impairment loss of $7.9 million was recognized on TDRs during fiscal 2008. The Bank had no troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2007.
Deferred Interest. Most of the Bank’s payment option residential mortgage loans have a payment option that could result in interest being added to the principal of the loan, or “negative amortization.” See “BUSINESS—Lending and Leasing Activities—Single-Family Residential Real Estate Lending (Excluding Home Equity Lending)” in this report. During fiscal year 2008, the Bank recognized $90.0 million of interest income when borrowers made payments less than the amount of interest accrued, some of which was subsequently paid. As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, cumulative net deferred interest, which is included in loans receivable, totaled $156.3 million and $93.3 million, respectively.
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The following table summarizes deferred interest activity:
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 93,320 | $ | 32,797 | ||||
Additions | 89,964 | 93,405 | ||||||
Sales | — | (11,480 | ) | |||||
Repayments | (5,153 | ) | (2,054 | ) | ||||
Transfers to REO | (3,669 | ) | (48 | ) | ||||
Payoffs | (18,127 | ) | (19,300 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 156,335 | $ | 93,320 | ||||
Allowances for Losses. The following tables show loss experience by asset type and the components of the allowance for losses on loans and the allowance for losses on real estate held for investment or sale. These tables reflect charge-offs taken against assets during the years indicated and may include charge-offs taken against assets, which the Bank disposed of during such years.
Analysis of Allowance for and Charge-offs of Loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | $ | 37,750 | $ | 58,397 | ||||||||||
Provision (credit) for loan losses | 318,519 | 3,383 | (9,004 | ) | (11,569 | ) | (14,522 | ) | ||||||||||||
Charge-offs: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage | (46,539 | ) | (2,371 | ) | (880 | ) | (752 | ) | (176 | ) | ||||||||||
Home equity | (19,480 | ) | (1,990 | ) | (365 | ) | (818 | ) | (786 | ) | ||||||||||
Single-family / Construction to permanent | (1,350 | ) | (823 | ) | — | — | (103 | ) | ||||||||||||
Commercial | (1,558 | ) | — | (26 | ) | (720 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
Automobile | (1,745 | ) | (920 | ) | (3,834 | ) | (9,934 | ) | (22,292 | ) | ||||||||||
Other consumer | (1,793 | ) | (1,483 | ) | (1,444 | ) | (2,298 | ) | (3,201 | ) | ||||||||||
Total charge-offs | (72,465 | ) | (7,587 | ) | (6,549 | ) | (14,522 | ) | (26,558 | ) | ||||||||||
Recoveries: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Home equity | 430 | 135 | 260 | 321 | 340 | |||||||||||||||
Commercial | 72 | 564 | 192 | 317 | — | |||||||||||||||
Automobile | 2,571 | 6,129 | 9,421 | 13,778 | 18,374 | |||||||||||||||
Other consumer | 777 | 1,376 | 2,040 | 2,565 | 1,719 | |||||||||||||||
Total recoveries | 3,850 | 8,204 | 11,913 | 16,981 | 20,433 | |||||||||||||||
Net (charge-offs) recoveries | (68,615 | ) | 617 | 5,364 | 2,459 | (6,125 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 278,904 | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | $ | 37,750 | ||||||||||
Provision (credit) for loan losses to average loans (1) | 2.69 | % | 0.03 | % | (0.08 | %) | (0.10 | %) | (0.14 | %) | ||||||||||
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans (1) | 0.58 | % | (0.01 | %) | (0.05 | %) | (0.02 | %) | 0.06 | % | ||||||||||
Ending allowance for losses on loans to total loans (1) (2) | 2.34 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.24 | % | 0.26 | % | 0.36 | % |
(1) | Includes loans held for securitization and/or sale. |
(2) | Before deduction of allowance for losses. |
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During the year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank foreclosed on 273 properties that secured residential mortgage loans and 10 properties that secured home equity loans and charged-off $47.9 million and $19.5 million of mortgage loans and home equity loans, respectively. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank foreclosed on 41 properties that secured residential mortgage loans and 20 properties that secured home equity loans and charged-off $3.2 million and $2.0 million of mortgage loans and home equity loans, respectively.
Amount | Percent of Loans to Total Loans | Amount | Percent of Loans to Total Loans | Amount | Percent of Loans to Total Loans | Amount | Percent of Loans to Total Loans | Amount | Percent of Loans to Total Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at end of year allocated to: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage | $ | 225,912 | 69.6 | % | $ | 11,000 | 70.1 | % | $ | 5,085 | 67.7 | % | $ | 5,100 | 68.9 | % | $ | 4,275 | 68.6 | % | ||||||||||
Home equity | 16,730 | 12.4 | 3,400 | 13.5 | 3,095 | 16.1 | 3,570 | 16.4 | 3,350 | 16.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Single-family construction to permanent | 9,789 | 3.0 | 850 | 3.9 | 360 | 3.2 | 70 | 1.6 | 23 | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other real estate | 1,267 | 5.4 | 1,373 | 3.0 | 2,609 | 2.6 | 1,855 | 1.7 | 2,146 | 1.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | 3,473 | 7.0 | 2,827 | 8.0 | 6,371 | 9.4 | 6,775 | 9.5 | 7,361 | 8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Automobile | 1,400 | 2.2 | 950 | 1.1 | 2,470 | 0.6 | 3,610 | 1.4 | 10,320 | 2.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other consumer | 2,145 | 0.4 | 1,500 | 0.4 | 1,225 | 0.4 | 2,005 | 0.5 | 3,415 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unallocated | 18,188 | — | 7,100 | — | 3,785 | — | 5,655 | — | 6,860 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 278,904 | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | $ | 37,750 | ||||||||||||||||||||
The Bank’s total allowances for losses on loans increased to $278.9 million at September 30, 2008, from $29.0 million at September 30, 2007. Included in the allowance for loan losses is $61.5 million related to loans greater than 180 days delinquent. Management reviews the delinquent status of loans, current economic conditions, internal risk ratings of loans and current underwriting policies and procedures. Using this analysis, management computes its estimate of the allowance for losses on loans.
The allowance for losses on loans secured by real estate totaled $253.7 million at September 30, 2008, a $237.1 million increase from the September 30, 2007 level of $16.6 million. The allowance represented 48.1% and 19.3% of the amount of non-performing real estate loans at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Management employs various techniques and makes various assumptions when reviewing the residential mortgage loan portfolio to estimate the amount of inherent losses. These techniques and assumptions include, but are not limited to, the Bank’s historical loss experience on foreclosed real estate, the rate at which delinquent loans become more severely delinquent, changes in regional housing values, and changes in values of collateral securing individual loans. The estimated amount of inherent losses increased significantly in 2008 as a result of sharp increases in the amount of non-accrual loans and also because of the continued decline in residential housing values.
The allowance for losses on other consumer loans, including automobile, home improvement, overdraft lines of credit and other consumer loans, increased to $3.5 million at September 30, 2008 from $2.5 million at September 30, 2007. The increase in the allowance for these loans reflects increased balances and delinquencies.
The unallocated allowance for losses increased to $18.2 million at September 30, 2008 from $7.1 million at September 30, 2007. The unallocated allowance is based upon management’s evaluation and judgment of various conditions that are not directly measured in the determination of the allocated and specific allowances. The conditions evaluated in connection with the unallocated allowance include existing general economic and business conditions affecting key lending areas of the Bank, credit quality trends, collateral values, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, specific industry conditions within portfolio segments, recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, natural disasters, regulatory examination results and findings of the Bank’s internal credit evaluations. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, most of the unallocated allowance related to risks inherent in the mortgage loan portfolio, including, for example, geographic concentration and negative amortization features.
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Asset and Liability Management.A key element of banking is the monitoring and management of liquidity risk and interest-rate risk. The process of planning and controlling asset and liability mix, volume and maturity to stabilize the net interest spread is referred to as asset and liability management. The objective of asset and liability management is to maximize the net interest yield within the constraints imposed by prudent lending and investing practices, liquidity needs and capital planning.
The Bank’s assets and liabilities are inherently sensitive to changes in interest rates. These movements can result in variations to the overall level of income and market value of equity. Based on the characteristic of a specific asset or liability (including maturity, repricing frequency and interest rate caps), a change in interest rates can significantly affect the contribution to net income by, and market value of, the instrument. If, in the aggregate, the Bank’s assets mature or reprice more quickly or to a greater extent than its liabilities, the Bank is termed “asset sensitive” and will tend to experience an increase in interest income and market value during periods of rising interest rates and declining interest income and market value during periods of falling interest rates. Conversely, if the Bank’s liabilities mature or reprice more quickly or to a greater extent than its assets, the Bank is considered to be “liability sensitive” and will tend to experience a decrease in interest income and market value during periods of rising interest rates and increased interest income and market value during periods of falling interest rates.
The Bank pursues an asset-liability management strategy designed both to control risk from changes in market interest rates and to maximize interest income in its investment and loan portfolios. To achieve this strategy, the Bank emphasizes the origination and retention of a mix of both adjustable-rate and fixed-rate loan products.
Throughout fiscal year 2008, the Bank continued to originate and hold in its portfolio adjustable-rate loan products at a greater volume than those with fixed interest rates. At September 30, 2008, adjustable-rate loans accounted for 89.2% of total loans, compared to 80.3% at September 30, 2007.
A traditional measure of interest-rate risk within the banking industry is the interest sensitivity “gap,” which is the sum of all interest-earning assets minus all interest-bearing liabilities subject to repricing within the same period. Gap analysis is a tool used by management to evaluate interest-rate risk which results from the difference between repricing and maturity characteristics of the Bank’s assets and those of the liabilities that fund them. By analyzing these differences, management can attempt to estimate how changes in interest rates may affect the Bank’s future net interest income. The Bank views control over interest rate sensitivity as a key element in its financial planning process and monitors interest rate sensitivity through its forecasting system. The Bank manages interest rate exposure and will narrow or widen its gap depending on its perception of interest rate movements and the composition of its balance sheet.
A number of asset and liability management strategies are available to the Bank in structuring its balance sheet. These include selling or retaining certain portions of the Bank’s current residential mortgage loan production; altering the Bank’s pricing on certain deposit products to emphasize particular maturity categories; altering the type and maturity of securities acquired for the Bank’s investment portfolio when replacing securities following normal portfolio maturation and turnover; lengthening or shortening the maturity or repricing terms for any current period asset securitizations; and altering the maturity or interest rate reset profile of borrowed funds, if any, including funds borrowed from the FHLB of Atlanta.
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The following table presents the Bank’s interest rate sensitivity gap at September 30, 2008. Balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are shown in the earlier of the period where contractual payments are due, interest rates adjust or prepayment is anticipated to occur. Adjustable and floating rate loans are included in the period in which their interest rates are next scheduled to adjust, and prepayment rates are assumed for all of the Bank’s loans based on management’s estimates. The Bank’s deposits with no stated maturity, including savings and transaction accounts, have interest rates that may reprice at any time. However, market experience has proven that these deposits adjust to market prices over a much longer period of time. The Bank considers these deposits to be relatively insensitive to interest rate changes. The table contains information of the Bank only and does not include consolidation or elimination entries required for the Trust’s financial presentation.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Table (Gap)
(Dollars in thousands)
Six Months or Less | More than Six Months through One Year | More than One Year through Three Years | More than Three Years through Five Years | More than Five Years | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
As of September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate loans: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Adjustable-rate | $ | 6,071,220 | $ | 478,965 | $ | 1,644,136 | $ | 822,253 | $ | 1,532 | $ | 9,018,106 | |||||||||||
Fixed-rate | 21,047 | 10,080 | 31,683 | 17,410 | 23,037 | 103,257 | |||||||||||||||||
Home equity credit lines and second mortgages | 1,244,821 | 39,479 | 133,107 | 81,089 | 106,395 | 1,604,891 | |||||||||||||||||
Commercial | 615,717 | 44,732 | 120,304 | 20,622 | 27,452 | 828,827 | |||||||||||||||||
Consumer and other | 82,758 | 53,455 | 114,460 | 48,049 | 5,959 | 304,681 | |||||||||||||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale | 58,145 | — | — | — | — | 58,145 | |||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 399,859 | 144,222 | 504,049 | 197,657 | 5,724 | 1,251,511 | |||||||||||||||||
Other investments | 133,779 | — | 318,392 | — | — | 452,171 | |||||||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 8,627,346 | 770,933 | 2,866,131 | 1,187,080 | 170,099 | 13,621,589 | |||||||||||||||||
Total non-interest earning assets | — | — | — | — | 1,841,840 | 1,841,840 | |||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 8,627,346 | $ | 770,933 | $ | 2,866,131 | $ | 1,187,080 | $ | 2,011,939 | $ | 15,463,429 | |||||||||||
Deposits: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturity deposits | $ | 2,765,966 | $ | 738,152 | $ | 928,811 | $ | 26,116 | $ | — | $ | 4,459,045 | |||||||||||
Checking and savings accounts | — | 72,129 | 144,258 | 144,258 | 2,790,687 | 3,151,332 | |||||||||||||||||
Money market deposit accounts | 2,460,358 | — | — | — | — | 2,460,358 | |||||||||||||||||
Borrowings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital notes - subordinated | — | — | — | — | 175,000 | 175,000 | |||||||||||||||||
Other | 2,158,857 | 60,116 | 175,606 | 27,952 | 101,505 | 2,524,036 | |||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 7,385,181 | 870,397 | 1,248,675 | 198,326 | 3,067,192 | 12,769,771 | |||||||||||||||||
Total non-interest bearing liabilities | 355,366 | — | — | — | 1,330,282 | 1,685,648 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest | — | — | — | — | 175,518 | 175,518 | |||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | — | — | — | — | 832,492 | 832,492 | |||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities & stockholders’ equity | $ | 7,740,547 | $ | 870,397 | $ | 1,248,675 | $ | 198,326 | $ | 5,405,484 | $ | 15,463,429 | |||||||||||
Gap | $ | 1,242,165 | $ | (99,464 | ) | $ | 1,617,456 | $ | 988,754 | $ | (2,897,093 | ) | |||||||||||
Cumulative gap | $ | 1,242,165 | $ | 1,142,701 | $ | 2,760,157 | $ | 3,748,911 | $ | 851,818 | |||||||||||||
Cumulative gap as a percentage of total assets | 8.0 | % | 7.4 | % | 17.8 | % | 24.2 | % | 5.5 | % |
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The Bank’s one-year gap, as a percentage of total assets, was 7.4% at September 30, 2008, compared to 5.9% at September 30, 2007.
In addition to gap measurements, the Bank measures and manages interest-rate risk with the extensive use of computer simulation. This simulation includes calculations of Market Value of Portfolio Equity and Net Interest Margin. The Bank established limits on the sensitivity of its net interest income and net portfolio value (“NPV”) to parallel changes in interest rates. Parallel changes in interest rates are defined as instantaneous and sustained movements of interest rates in 100 basis point increments. The Bank calculates its ratio of NPV to the present value of total assets (“NPV Ratio”) for each interest rate shock scenario. The following table shows the estimated impact of parallel shifts in interest rates at September 30, 2008.
(Dollars in thousands)
(Basis Points) Change in | Changes in Net Interest Income(1) | Change in Net Portfolio Value(2) | NPV Ratio | ||||||||||||||
Percent | Amount | Percent | Amount | ||||||||||||||
+200 | 9.1 | % | $ | 34,956 | 8.8 | % | $ | 119,795 | 9.3 | % | |||||||
+100 | 5.0 | % | 19,374 | 2.5 | % | 34,467 | 8.8 | % | |||||||||
-100 | (9.2 | %) | (35,303 | ) | (4.0 | %) | (54,779 | ) | 8.2 | % |
(1) | Represents the difference between net interest income for 12 months in a stable interest rate environment and the various interest rate scenarios. |
(2) | Represents the difference between net portfolio value (NPV) of the Bank’s equity in a stable interest rate environment and the NPV in the various rate scenarios. NPV is defined as the present value of expected net cash flows from existing assets minus the present value of expected net cash flows from existing liabilities plus the present value of expected net cash flows from existing off-balance sheet contracts. |
Computations of prospective effects of hypothetical interest rate changes are based on many assumptions, including relative levels of market interest rates, prepayments and deposit runoff and, therefore, should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results. Certain limitations are inherent in these computations. Although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods of repricing, they may react at different times and in different degrees to changes in the market interest rates. The interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while rates on other types of assets and liabilities may lag behind changes in market interest rates. Certain assets, such as adjustable-rate mortgage loans, may have features which restrict interest rate changes on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. In the event of a change in market interest rates, loan prepayments and early deposit withdrawal levels could deviate significantly from those assumed in making the calculations set forth above. Additionally, credit risk may increase if an interest rate increase adversely affects the ability of borrowers to service their debt.
Inflation.The impact of inflation on the Bank is different from the impact on an industrial company because substantially all of the assets and liabilities of the Bank are monetary in nature. The most direct impact of an extended period of inflation would be to increase interest rates and to place upward pressure on the operating expenses of the Bank. However, the actual effect of inflation on the net interest income of the Bank would depend on the extent to which the Bank was able to maintain a spread between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, which would depend to a significant extent on its asset-liability sensitivity. The effect of inflation on the Bank’s results of operations for the past three fiscal years has been minimal.
Deferred Taxes.At September 30, 2008, the Bank recorded a net deferred tax asset of $27.4 million, which generally represents the cumulative excess of the Bank’s actual income tax liability over its income tax expense for financial reporting purposes.
Capital.At September 30, 2008, the Bank was in compliance with all of its regulatory capital requirements, and its capital ratios exceeded the ratios established for “well-capitalized” institutions under OTS prompt corrective action regulations.
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The following table shows the Bank’s regulatory capital levels at September 30, 2008, in relation to the regulatory requirements in effect at that date. The information below is based upon the Bank’s understanding of the regulations and interpretations currently in effect and may be subject to change. The table contains information of the Bank only and does not include consolidation or elimination entries required for the Trust’s financial presentation.
Regulatory Capital
(Dollars in thousands)
Actual | Minimum Capital Requirement | Excess Capital | |||||||||||||||||
Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | ||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity per financial statements | $ | 850,132 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest in REIT Subsidiary(1) | 144,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
994,132 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjustments for tangible and core capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | (63,366 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-includable subsidiaries | (3,423 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-qualifying purchased/originated loan servicing rights | (9,241 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total tangible capital | 918,102 | 5.96 | % | $ | 231,112 | 1.50 | % | $ | 686,990 | 4.46 | % | ||||||||
Total core capital(2) | 918,102 | 5.96 | % | $ | 616,299 | 4.00 | % | $ | 301,803 | 1.96 | % | ||||||||
Tier 1 risk-based capital(2) | 918,102 | 8.77 | % | $ | 417,619 | 4.00 | % | $ | 500,483 | 4.77 | % | ||||||||
Adjustments for total risk-based capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated capital debentures | 175,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for general loan losses(3) | 130,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total supplementary capital | 305,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total available capital | 1,223,608 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity investments(4) | (2,360 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total risk-based capital(2) | $ | 1,221,248 | 11.67 | % | $ | 835,237 | 8.00 | % | $ | 386,011 | 3.67 | % | |||||||
(1) | Eligible for inclusion in core capital in an amount up to 25% of the Bank’s core capital pursuant to authorization from the OTS. |
(2) | Under the OTS “prompt corrective action” regulations, the standards for classification as “well capitalized” are a leverage (or “core capital”) ratio of at least 5.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0% and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0%. |
(3) | Represents the amount of the allowance that does not exceed 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, which is the maximum amount of the allowance that is incudable in supplementary captial under OTS regulations. |
(4) | Includes one property classified as real estate held for sale which is treated as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes. |
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Under the OTS prompt corrective action regulations, an institution is categorized as well capitalized if it has a leverage, or core, capital ratio of at least 5.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0% and is not subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level. At September 30, 2008, the Bank’s leverage, tier 1 risk-based and total risk-based capital ratios were 5.96%, 8.77% and 11.67%, respectively, which exceeded the ratios established for well-capitalized institutions. The OTS may reclassify an institution from one category to the next lower category, for example from well capitalized to adequately capitalized, if, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, the OTS determines that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or has received and has not corrected a less than satisfactory examination rating for asset quality, management, earnings or liquidity. The Bank has not received notice from the OTS of any potential downgrade.
OTS capital regulations provide a five-year holding period, or such longer period as may be approved by the OTS, for REO to qualify for an exception from treatment as an equity investment. If an REO property is considered an equity investment, its then-current book value is deducted from total risk-based capital. Accordingly, if the Bank is unable to dispose of any REO property, whether through bulk sales or otherwise, prior to the end of its applicable five-year holding period and is unable to obtain an extension of the five-year holding period from the OTS, the Bank could be required to deduct the then-current book value of such REO property from total risk-based capital. In December 2008, the Bank received from the OTS an extension of the holding periods for certain of its REO properties through December 15, 2009. The following table sets forth the Bank’s REO at September 30, 2008, by the fiscal year in which the property was acquired through foreclosure.
Fiscal Year | (In thousands) | |||
1990 | $ | 2,360 | (1) | |
1991 | 9,083 | (2) | ||
1995 | 18,420 | (2) | ||
2007 | 1,212 | |||
2008 | 60,910 | |||
Total REO | $ | 91,985 | ||
(1) | The Bank treats this property as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes. |
(2) | The Bank received an extension of the holding periods for these properties through December 15, 2009. |
Failure to obtain further REO extensions could adversely affect the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios. The Bank’s ability to maintain or increase its capital levels in future periods also will be subject to general economic conditions, particularly in the Bank’s local markets. Adverse general economic conditions or a prolonged or sharper downturn in local real estate markets could require further additions to the Bank’s allowances for losses and further charge-offs. Any of those developments would adversely affect the Bank’s earnings and thus its regulatory capital levels.
The Bank has historically relied on preferred stock and subordinated debt as significant components of its regulatory capital. Those instruments require significant fixed payments to holders, which increase the Bank’s expenses and reduce the amount of core capital that can be generated through retained earnings.
Failure by the Bank to remain well capitalized could have a material adverse effect on certain aspects of the Bank’s operations, including its ability to pay dividends. See “Dividends and Other Capital Distributions.”
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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Real Estate Trust’s cash flows from operating activities have been historically insufficient to meet all of its cash flow requirements. The Real Estate Trust’s internal source of funds, primarily cash flow generated by its income-producing properties, generally have been sufficient to meet its cash needs other than the repayment of principal on outstanding debt, the payment of interest on its indebtedness, and the payment of capital improvement costs. The Real Estate Trust funds such shortfalls through a combination of external funding sources, primarily new financings, refinancing of maturing mortgage debt, proceeds from asset sales, dividends and distributions from Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Partnership and dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank. The Real Estate Trust receives quarterly distributions from its investment in Saul Holdings Partnership and dividends from its investment in Saul Centers. These amounts totaled $17.5 million in fiscal 2008. Historically these amounts have been reinvested in the paying entities and the Real Estate Trust has received additional partnership units and common shares in lieu of cash. The Real Estate Trust has the ability, at its own option, to receive these distributions and dividends in cash. The availability and amount of distributions and dividends in future periods is dependent upon, among other things, Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers’ operating performance and income. Although cash flows from operating activities, exclusive of Bank dividends and tax sharing payments, have been positive during the two most recent fiscal years, for the foreseeable future, the Real Estate Trust’s ability to generate positive cash flow from operating activities and to meet its liquidity needs, including debt service payments, repayment of debt principal and capital expenditures, will continue to depend on these available external sources. Dividends received from the Bank have historically been a component of funding sources available to the Real Estate Trust. The availability and amount of dividends in future periods is dependent upon, among other things, the Bank’s operating performance and income, and regulatory restrictions on such payments. The Real Estate Trust has not received a dividend payment from the Bank since March 2007. See also the discussion of potential limitations on the payment of dividends by the Bank contained in “Item 1. Business—Banking—Dividends and Other Capital Distributions.”
During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank made net tax sharing payments totaling $2.0 million to the Real Estate Trust. Dividend and tax sharing payments received by the Real Estate Trust are presented as cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust made a $48.0 million equity investment in the Bank. In addition, the other shareholders of the Bank made pro-rata equity investments keeping the overall ownership percentages of the Bank unchanged.
In recent years, the operations of the Real Estate Trust have generated net operating losses while the Bank has reported net income. Historically, the Trust’s consolidation of the Bank’s operations into the Trust’s federal income tax return has resulted in the use of the Real Estate Trust’s net operating losses to reduce the federal income taxes the Bank would otherwise have owed. If in 2008 or any future year, the Bank has taxable losses or unused credits, the Real Estate Trust would be obligated to reimburse the Bank for the greater of (1) the tax benefit to the group using such tax losses or unused tax credits in the group’s consolidated federal income tax returns or (2) the amount of the refund which the Bank would otherwise have been able to claim if it were not being included in the consolidated federal income tax return of the group. In addition, if the Real Estate Trust has taxable income it will be responsible for its share of any Federal or state tax liability.
As of September 30, 2008 the Real Estate Trust owned 3,848,000 shares of Saul Centers, representing 21.6% of such company’s outstanding common stock. As of September 30, 2008, the market value of these shares was approximately $194.5 million. Substantially all of these shares have been pledged as collateral with the Real Estate Trust’s two revolving credit lenders. During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust received dividends of $9.3 million from Saul Centers.
During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust, through an underwritten public offering, sold 1.5 million shares of Saul Centers common stock, realizing proceeds of approximately $67.0 million. The proceeds from the stock sale were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities.
As the owner, directly and through two wholly-owned subsidiaries, of a limited partnership interest in Saul Holdings Partnership, the Real Estate Trust shares in cash distributions from operations and from capital transactions involving the sale of properties. The partnership agreement of Saul Holdings Partnership provides for quarterly cash distributions to the partners out of net cash flow. See “Item 1. Business — Real Estate — Investment in Saul Holdings Limited Partnership and Saul Centers, Inc.” In fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust received total cash distributions of $8.2 million from Saul Holdings Partnership. Substantially all of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership interest in Saul Holdings has been pledged as collateral with the Real Estate Trust’s two revolving credit lenders.
The Real Estate Trust has a $75.0 million secured revolving credit line with an unrelated bank that matures on January 31, 2010, with provisions for extending the term for an additional year. This facility is secured by a portion of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership in Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers. Interest is computed by reference to a floating rate index with the current interest rate spread at 150 basis points over the index. At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust had no outstanding borrowings and unrestricted availability of $75.0 million.
The Real Estate Trust has an additional $75.0 million revolving credit line with an unrelated bank which matures on June 30, 2010, with provisions for extending the term for an additional year. This facility is secured by a portion of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership in Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers. Interest is computed by reference to a floating rate index with the current interest rate spread at 150 basis points over the index. At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust had $15.0 million in outstanding borrowings and unrestricted availability of $55.0 million. The Real Estate Trust was issued a $6.0 million letter of credit, which was reduced to $5.0 million during fiscal 2008, for the benefit of a mortgage lender as part of one of the mortgage financings completed during fiscal 2006. The letter of credit will continue to be reduced annually based on the amount of capital expended at the subject property. The letter of credit reduces the availability under the revolving credit facility.
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The maturity schedule for the Real Estate Trust’s outstanding debt, including mortgage notes payable for real estate held for sale, at September 30, 2008 for fiscal years commencing October 1, 2008 is set forth in the following table:
Debt Maturity Schedule
Fiscal Year (In thousands) | Mortgage Notes | Notes Payable—Secured | Total | ||||||
2009 | $ | 7,844 | $ | — | $ | 7,844 | |||
2010 | 13,472 | 15,000 | 28,472 | ||||||
2011 | 24,105 | — | 24,105 | ||||||
2012 | 18,139 | — | 18,139 | ||||||
2013 | 72,746 | — | 72,746 | ||||||
Thereafter (1) | 478,846 | 250,000 | 728,846 | ||||||
Total | $ | 615,152 | $ | 265,000 | $ | 880,152 | |||
(1) | Includes 100%, $69.4 million, of the Tysons Park Place II construction/permanent loan balance drawn to date. |
Of the $615.2 million of mortgage notes outstanding at September 30, 2008, $545.8 million are non-recourse to the Real Estate Trust.
The Real Estate Trust has a $105.0 million construction/permanent loan for its Tysons Park Place II development which will be used to fund the majority of the construction costs for the development. The Real Estate received loan draws of $42.7 million during fiscal 2008, bringing the balance outstanding under this loan at September 30, 2008 to $69.4 million.
On July 24, 2008, the Real Estate Trust closed on an $8.0 million mortgage note secured by an office building located in Atlanta, Georgia. The proceeds from the financing, along with approximately $2.2 million drawn from the revolving credit facilities were used to pay off the properties existing $10.1 million mortgage note.
On April 4, 2008, the Real Estate Trust closed on a $16.0 million mortgage note secured by the Dulles Hampton Inn & Suites. The proceeds from the financing, along with approximately $4.7 million drawn from the revolving credit facilities were used to pay off the properties outstanding $20.3 million construction loan which was used to finance the construction of the hotel.
On June 21, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed a $37.0 million mortgage note on the office building located in Bethesda, Maryland which was purchased on March 29, 2007. The proceeds from the financing were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities.
On May 18, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed a $21.4 million mortgage note on the newly constructed SpringHill Suites Hotel located in Loudoun County, Virginia. A portion of the proceeds from the financing were used to repay and retire the $14.9 million interest only construction loan on the property which was obtained on May 2006, the remainder of the proceeds were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities.
On January 31, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed an $8.5 million mortgage note on an industrial property located in Northern Virginia. The majority of the proceeds from the refinancing were used to repay a $5.7 million variable rate construction loan which was secured by the subject property.
On June 16, 2006, the Real Estate Trust placed a $31.2 million mortgage note on an office property located in Atlanta, Georgia. The proceeds from the financing were used to fund development projects and general corporate purposes.
On May 26, 2006, the Real Estate Trust closed two mortgage financings, a $44.8 million mortgage note secured by a hotel property located in Loudoun County, Virginia and a $22.2 million mortgage note, also secured by a hotel property located in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The proceeds from these financings were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s line of credit borrowings, fund development projects and for general corporate purposes.
On May 23, 2006, the Real Estate Trust placed a $40.0 million mortgage note on a hotel property located in McLean, Virginia. The proceeds from the financing were used to repay the bridge loan, which financed the purchase of the 145 room historic hotel, and pay down the Real Estate Trust’s line of credit borrowings.
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On March 24, 2006, the Real Estate Trust closed on an $86.2 million unsecured bridge loan to fund the acquisition, along with cash on hand, of the 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D. C. The balance of the bridge loan was repaid, from proceeds of permanent financings, on May 24, 2006.
On January 19, 2006, the Real Estate Trust defeased a $5.8 million mortgage loan that secured the hotel property which was sold on the same day. The Real Estate Trust paid $7.6 million into an escrow fund with which United States government securities were purchased to satisfy the loan defeasance. The defeasance was funded with proceeds from the sale and line of credit borrowings.
On December 29, 2005, the Real Estate Trust placed a $9.5 million mortgage note on the hotel property that was acquired on November 1, 2005. In connection with the same hotel asset the Real Estate Trust, on December 21, 2005, defeased the $5.8 million loan that was assumed with the acquisition of the property. The Real Estate Trust paid $6.6 million into an escrow fund with which United States government securities were purchased to satisfy the loan defeasance. The defeasance was funded by available cash and line of credit borrowings.
On December 2, 2005, the Real Estate Trust refinanced one of six properties that were secured by an approximately $88.0 million portfolio mortgage note which was due on March 31, 2006. The property was refinanced with a new 10 year mortgage note of $76.0 million. The proceeds from this refinancing, along with available cash and line of credit borrowings were used to repay the portfolio loan.
Real Estate Acquisition, Disposition, Development and Capital Expenditures
On June 22, 2007 the Real Estate Trust was notified that its appeal regarding additional proceeds from a February 2006 condemnation of a 3.71 acre parcel had been approved by the Loudoun County Circuit Court. Additional proceeds of $325,000 were received on July 10, 2007 and the remainder of the gain was recorded in fiscal 2007. The initial gain of $416,000, on proceeds of $708,000, was recorded in fiscal 2006.
On March 29, 2007, the Real Estate Trust acquired an approximately 178,000 square foot office building located in Bethesda, Maryland from the Bank for a purchase price of $46.0 million. The acquisition was funded by the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities and with cash on hand. The purchase price for the acquisition was established using independent appraisals.
On November 22, 2006, the Real Estate Trust received additional proceeds of approximately $1.6 million as final settlement of the February 2004 condemnation of 7.93 acres of land by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The proceeds of $1.6 million include approximately $300,000 in interest income and $8,000 of cost reimbursements. The Real Estate Trust recorded the final gain of approximately $1.2 million, net of approximately $400,000 of related expenses during the nine-month period ended June 30, 2007. The initial gain on this condemnation of $2.7 million was recorded in fiscal 2004.
On March 24, 2006, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D. C. for $100.0 million.
On February 23, 2006, the sale of one of the Real Estate Trust’s other real estate assets located in Metairie, LA was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds of approximately $4.0 million resulting in a gain of approximately $2.9 million in fiscal 2006.
On January 19, 2006, the sale of a hotel property, which was the second of two hotel properties placed on the market during fiscal year 2005, was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds from the sale of approximately $5.5 million resulting in a gain of $2.2 million in fiscal 2006. The Real Estate Trust financed an additional $500,000 through the issuance of a note by the purchaser.
On December 16, 2005, the sale of a hotel property, which was one of two hotel properties placed on the market during fiscal year 2005, was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds from the sale of approximately $7.9 million resulting in a gain of $1.3 million in fiscal 2006.
On November 1, 2005, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 137 room hotel property located in Fairfax County, Virginia for a purchase price of approximately $12.7 million, which included the assumption of a mortgage note of $5.8 million.
The Real Estate Trust owns various land parcels with approximately 400 acres of available land. These parcels offer potential development opportunities for the Real Estate Trust. On October 18, 2007 construction of the 170 room Dulles Hampton Inn & Suites in Northern Virginia was completed and the hotel commenced operation. On January 8, 2007 the construction of the 158 room SpringHill Suites Hotel in Northern Virginia was completed and the hotel commenced operation. During fiscal 2006 the Real Estate Trust also commenced the development of for-sale residential townhomes and the related infrastructure on land parcels owned in Atlanta, Georgia. The first sales of townhome units closed during the second quarter of fiscal 2007. The Trust is exploring other development scenarios on several other land parcels.
The Real Estate Trust believes that the capital improvement costs for its income-producing properties will be in the range of $18.0 to $21.0 million per year for the next several years.
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Liquidity Requirements – Real Estate Trust
The table below specifies the total contractual payment obligations as of September 30, 2008.
(In thousands) | Total Cost | Less than 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | After 5 Years | ||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | |||||||||||||||
Mortgage Notes Payable | $ | 615,152 | $ | 7,844 | $ | 37,577 | $ | 90,885 | $ | 478,846 | |||||
Notes Payable – Secured | 265,000 | — | 15,000 | — | 250,000 | ||||||||||
Ground Leases | 51,752 | 306 | 644 | 689 | 50,113 | ||||||||||
Development Obligations | 6,358 | 6,358 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Advisory Fee | 886 | 886 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Capital Leases | 128 | 128 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Other Obligations | 79 | 79 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Total Contractual Cash Obligations | $ | 939,355 | $ | 15,601 | $ | 53,221 | $ | 91,574 | $ | 778,959 | |||||
As of September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust’s current contractual obligations, excluding recurring operating obligations, due within one year total approximately $15.6 million. In addition to these contractual obligations the Real Estate Trust has other short-term liquidity requirements consisting primarily of normal recurring operating expenses, regular debt service requirements (including debt service relating to additional and replacement debt), recurring corporate expenditures, non-recurring corporate expenditures (such as tenant improvements and hotel improvements) and dividends to common and preferred shareholders. Overall capital requirements in fiscal year 2009 will depend on any acquisition and development opportunities as well as the level of improvements and redevelopments on existing properties.
The Real Estate Trust expects to fund these capital requirements and normal recurring operating costs through a combination of cash provided by operating activities, cash on hand, credit line availability, new financings, current in-place construction loan financings, refinancing of maturing debt, proceeds from asset sales and to a lesser extent, dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank.
Liquidity.The Bank is required to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure its safe and sound operation. A standard measure of liquidity in the savings industry is the ratio of cash and short-term U.S. Government and other specified securities to net withdrawable accounts and borrowings payable in one year or less. See “BUSINESS – Regulation – Liquidity Requirements.”
The Bank’s primary sources of funds historically have consisted of:
• | principal and interest payments on loans and mortgage-backed securities; |
• | savings deposits; |
• | sales of loans and trading securities; |
• | securitizations and/or sales of loans; and |
• | borrowed funds, including funds borrowed from the FHLB of Atlanta. |
The Bank’s holdings of readily marketable securities and eligible loans constitute another important source of liquidity. Approximately $1.4 billion of these assets are pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, although there were no borrowings during fiscal year 2008. As of September 30, 2008, the estimated remaining borrowing capacity, after market value and other adjustments, against that portion of those assets that may be pledged to the FHLB of Atlanta and various securities dealers totaled $4.0 billion.
The Bank accesses the capital markets when conditions are favorable as an additional means of funding its operations and managing its capital ratios and asset growth. Specifically, the Bank has securitized financial assets, including home equity, home loan and automobile loan receivables, as well as single-family residential loans, because the securitizations have provided the Bank with a cost effective means to fund loans while maintaining compliance with regulatory capital requirements. Additionally, the securitizations have permitted the Bank to limit the credit risk associated with these assets while continuing to earn servicing fees and other income associated with the securitized assets.
Ongoing conditions in the broader credit markets and, more specifically, in the mortgage markets have resulted in reduced investor demand and less favorable terms and pricing in the capital markets for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans. As a result, the Bank did not securitize and sell any residential mortgage loans in the year ended September 30, 2008.
From 1988 through 2007, the Bank securitized approximately $35.0 billion of loan receivables. At September 30, 2008, the Bank continues to service $5.5 billion of securitized residential mortgage loans. Chevy Chase derives fee-based income from servicing these securitized portfolios. However, that fee-based income has been adversely affected in this and prior periods by increases in prepayments, delinquencies and charge-offs related to the receivables in these securitized pools.
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The Bank did not securitize and sell any loan receivables during fiscal year 2008. The Bank securitized and sold $1.9 billion of loan receivables during fiscal year 2007. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank had $58.1 million and $202.3 million, respectively, of loan receivables held for securitization and/or sale. The lack of securitization and sale activity reflects developments in the credit markets and, more specifically, in the mortgage markets. Due to reduced investor demand and less favorable terms and pricing in the capital markets for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans, the Bank did not to engage in securitization transactions during fiscal 2008 and is unable to predict if or when current market conditions will improve so that securitization can once again serve as a significant source of liquidity. As a result, the Bank has modified its operations and reduced loan production levels to deemphasize securitization activities.
Chevy Chase accepted brokered and reciprocal deposits in fiscal 2008 as a way to diversify the Bank’s funding sources and had $391.1 million of those deposits at September 30, 2008. See Business – Deposits and Other Sources of Funds – Deposits.
The Bank uses its liquidity primarily to meet its commitments to fund maturing savings certificates and deposit withdrawals, fund loan commitments, repay borrowings and meet operating expenses. During fiscal year 2008, the Bank used the cash provided by operating, investing and financing activities primarily to (i) fund maturing savings certificates and deposit withdrawals of $108.0 billion, (ii) fund loan commitments, including real estate held for investment or sale, of $2.0 million, (iii) purchase investments and loans of $1.5 billion, (iv) meet operating expenses, before depreciation and amortization, of $564.1 million and (v) repay borrowings of $21.2 billion, net of proceeds from borrowings. These commitments were funded primarily through (i) proceeds from customer deposits and sales of certificates of deposit of $108.4 billion, (ii) proceeds from sales of loans, trading securities and real estate of $1.7 billion, (iii) proceeds from borrowings of $21.1 billion and (iv) principal and interest collected on investments, loans, and securities of $4.9 billion.
At September 30, 2008, repayments of borrowed money scheduled to occur during the next 12 months were $2.2 billion. In addition, certificates of deposit maturing during the next 12 months amounted to $3.5 billion. The Bank expects that a significant portion of these maturing certificates of deposit will remain with the Bank. In the event that deposit withdrawals are greater than anticipated, the Bank may have to increase deposit interest rates or rely on alternative and potentially higher cost sources of funds in order to meet its liquidity needs.
The Bank’s liquidity requirements in years subsequent to fiscal year 2008 will continue to be affected both by the asset size of the Bank, the growth of which may be constrained by capital requirements, accessibility to the capital markets and the composition of the asset portfolio. Management believes that the Bank’s primary sources of funds, described above, will be sufficient to meet the Bank’s liquidity needs for the foreseeable future. The mix of funding sources utilized from time to time will be determined by a number of factors, including capital planning objectives, lending and investment strategies and market conditions.
Commitments and Contingencies.Prior to fiscal 2008, the Bank periodically transferred loan receivables to special purpose entities that issue securities to investors. These investors are entitled to a return of cash flows, based on the principal and interest provided by the loan receivables transferred. This process is referred to as securitization. Since 1988, the Bank has securitized approximately $35.0 billion of loan receivables.
The Bank transfers receivables from time to time to a special purpose entity commonly referred to as a depositor. The depositor then establishes a trust for each particular securitization, and transfers the related loans to that particular trust. The Trust uses proceeds from the sale of the securities to pay the depositor for the loans sold to the Trust, and the depositor in turn pays the proceeds over to the Bank. These securitization vehicles are not consolidated within the Bank’s consolidated financial statements because they satisfy the criteria established by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 140, “Accounting for the Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” to be treated as sales. In general, these criteria require the securitization vehicles to be legally isolated from the transferor (the Bank), be limited to permitted activities, and have defined limits on the assets they can hold and the permitted sales, exchanges or distribution of its assets.
When the Bank sells or securitizes loans, it generally retains the right to service the loans. At September 30, 2008, the Bank continues to service $12.3 billion of residential mortgages. In addition, when the Bank sells or securitizes loans, the Bank may, from time to time, retain a limited amount of recourse. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had no recourse related to loan securitization transactions. See Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning loan securitization transactions.
The Bank is obligated under recourse provisions related to the servicing of certain of its residential mortgage loans. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the recourse to the Bank under these arrangements totaled $2.7 million and $3.0 million, respectively.
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The Bank’s commitments to extend credit at September 30, 2008 are set forth in the following table.
(In thousands) | |||
Commitments to originate loans | $ | 146,470 | |
Loans in process (collateralized loans): | |||
Home equity | 1,242,131 | ||
Real estate construction and ground | 256,529 | ||
Commercial | 549,647 | ||
Subtotal | 2,048,307 | ||
Loans in process (unsecured loans): | |||
Overdraft lines | 155,351 | ||
Commercial | 350,909 | ||
Subtotal | 506,260 | ||
Total commitments to extend credit | $ | 2,701,037 | |
Based on historical experience, the Bank expects to fund substantially less than the total amount of its outstanding overdraft line and home equity credit line commitments, which together accounted for 51.7% of commitments to extend credit at September 30, 2008.
In connection with the securitization and sale of certain payment option residential mortgage loans, the Bank is obligated to fund a portion of any “negative amortization” resulting from the borrowers electing their option to make monthly payments that are not sufficient to cover the interest accrued for the payment period. For each dollar of negative amortization funded by the Bank, the balances of certain highly-rated mortgage-backed securities received by the Bank as part of the securitization transaction increase accordingly. When the borrowers ultimately make the principal payments, the Bank receives its pro rata portion of those payments in cash, and the balances of those securities held by the Bank are reduced accordingly. During the year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank funded $46.1 million of negative amortization under these obligations, and received $67.0 million in principal payments representing previously funded negative amortization.
The following table summarizes certain material contractual cash obligations associated with operating, investing and financing activities as of September 30, 2008:
Payments due by period (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Total | Less than 1 year | 1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years | |||||||||||
Long term debt obligations | $ | 2,367,472 | $ | 902,194 | $ | 1,131,590 | $ | 57,183 | $ | 276,505 | |||||
Operating lease obligations | 430,185 | 35,301 | 58,706 | 53,009 | 283,169 | ||||||||||
Total | $ | 2,797,657 | $ | 937,495 | $ | 1,190,296 | $ | 110,192 | $ | 559,674 | |||||
Additionally, the Bank’s 8% Preferred Stock pays quarterly dividends in arrears at a yearly rate of $2.00 per share, totaling $10.0 million in preferred stock dividends to be paid by the Bank on an annual basis. The preferred stock is redeemable for cash, at $25.00 per share plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, at the Bank’s option. The preferred stock has no stated maturity.
There were no material commitments for capital expenditures at September 30, 2008.
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The Real Estate Trust’s ability to generate revenues from property ownership and development is significantly influenced by a number of factors, including national and local economic conditions, the level of mortgage interest rates, government actions, such as changes in real estate tax rates, and the type, location size and stage of development of the Real Estate Trust’s properties. Debt service payments and most of the operating expenses associated with income-producing properties do not decrease by reductions in occupancy or rental income. Therefore, the ability of the Real Estate Trust to produce net income in any year from its income-producing activities is highly dependent on the Real Estate Trust’s ability to maintain or increase the properties’ levels of gross income. The relative illiquidity of real estate investments tends to limit the ability of the Real Estate Trust to vary its portfolio promptly in response to changes in economic, demographic, social, financial and investment conditions. See “Financial Condition – Real Estate.”
The Bank’s operating results historically have depended primarily on its “net interest spread,” which is the difference between rates of interest earned on its loans and securities investments and the rates of interest paid on its deposits and borrowings. In recent periods, the Bank has generated significant income from loan servicing and securities activities and deposit fees. In addition to interest paid on its interest-bearing liabilities, the Bank’s principal expenses are operating expenses.
FISCAL 2008 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2007
The Real Estate Trust recorded operating income of $17.0 million for fiscal 2008 compared to an operating loss of $2.5 million for fiscal 2007. The results reflect the $30.4 million gain on sale of Saul Centers common stock and lower general and administrative expenses which were partially offset by increased interest and debt amortization, increased depreciation, lower net earnings on the hotel portfolio, reduced income generated from the sale of townhomes, increased advisory, management and leasing fees and lower other income. Fiscal 2008 results also reflect a $2.7 million gain due to the redemption of an equity investment. Fiscal 2007 results reflect $1.5 million of gains on sales of land parcels as a result of condemnation proceedings.
Income after direct operating expenses from hotels decreased $601,000, or 1.2%, in fiscal 2008 from the level achieved in fiscal 2007. Total revenue for fiscal 2008 increased $5.1 million, or 3.5% over fiscal 2007, with room sales increasing $3.6 million, or 3.2%, while food, beverage and other sales increased $1.5 million or 4.9%. The average room rate, exclusive of the newly constructed hotels which were placed in service in January 2007 and October 2007 (“Same hotel properties – fiscal 2008”), increased 1.8% from $136.78 in fiscal 2007 to $139.28 in fiscal 2008 while occupancy decreased from 71.4% in fiscal 2007 to 68.2% in fiscal 2008. The newly constructed hotels contributed $6.8 million, to the increase in overall revenue. Same hotel properties revenues decreased approximately $1.7 million, or 1.2% reflecting the decreased occupancy at the same hotel properties. Direct operating expenses increased approximately $5.7 million, or 6.2%, reflecting increased operating costs, such as payroll costs, food and beverage costs, property taxes, utility costs and repairs and maintenance. In addition, operating costs associated with the newly constructed hotels, are fully integrated into the results for fiscal 2008.
Income after direct operating expenses from office and industrial properties decreased $152,000, or 0.6%, in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007. Total revenue increased $3.6 million, or 8.4%, in fiscal 2008. The property purchased on March 29, 2007 contributed $3.9 million to the revenue increase in fiscal 2008. Occupancy levels have increased in fiscal 2008 from 86.3% at September 30, 2007 to 88.2% at September 30, 2008. The majority of the increase in occupancy is due to the re-leasing of an approximately 100,000 square foot, single tenant, building as of September 30, 2008. The prior tenant vacated this space on March 31, 2007. Rental income from this space commenced during the quarter ended June 30, 2008. This increase in occupancy was partially offset by decreases at other office and industrial properties. The approximate $300,000 remaining decrease in total revenue for the office properties was caused by this vacancy which was partially offset by revenue increases at other office and industrial properties. Overall direct operating expenses increased $3.8 million, or 23.7%, due to higher repairs and maintenance, utility costs, ground rent and property taxes. Direct operating expenses for the same office properties increased $1.7 million, or 12.6%, due to higher repairs and maintenance, utility costs and property taxes.
Income from the sale of townhomes, after deducting the cost of sales, totaled $561,000 for fiscal 2008 compared to $1.5 million for fiscal 2007. Twenty units were sold during fiscal 2008 for a total sales value of $6.5 million. All direct costs and allocated infrastructure and soft costs, totaling approximately $6.0 million, associated with these units were expensed during fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2007, twenty-eight units were sold for a total sales value of $9.8 million. Direct costs and allocated infrastructure and soft costs associated with the units sold during fiscal 2007 totaled $8.3 million.
Other income, which includes interest income, income from other real estate properties and other miscellaneous income, decreased $880,000, or 55.5%, due to lower interest income in fiscal 2008 reflecting decreased cash balances during the year. Also included in fiscal 2007 was a $90,000 final payment received for various easements related to a land parcel in Northern Virginia.
Land parcels and other expense increased $95,000, or 7.1%, in fiscal 2008 when compared to fiscal 2007 reflecting increased real estate tax expense for unsold townhome units at the Real Estate Trust’s Circle 75 Development which offset slightly lower expenses associated with the Real Estate Trust’s portfolio of land holdings.
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Interest and amortization of debt expense increased $4.2 million in fiscal 2008 when compared to fiscal 2007. The increase is due to higher mortgage interest and debt amortization of approximately $5.6 million, reflecting the Real Estate Trust’s refinancing activity during fiscal 2008 and 2007 which was partially offset by higher capitalized interest of $732,000, lower line of credit interest of $476,000 and lower unsecured note interest of $200,000. The average balance of outstanding borrowings increased to $863.8 million in fiscal 2008 from $791.9 million in fiscal 2007, reflecting higher mortgage balances which offset lower line of credit and unsecured note balances. The average cost of borrowings decreased from 7.10% in fiscal 2007 to 7.03% in fiscal 2008.
Depreciation expense increased $4.1 million, or 18.1%, reflecting the March 29, 2007 office acquisition, the January and October 2007 completion of construction of the two hotel developments, other capital improvements in both the hotel and office and industrial portfolios and the write-off of certain other hotel and office and industrial assets which are no longer in service.
Advisory, management and leasing fees paid to related parties increased $742,000, or 4.4%, in fiscal 2008 when compared to fiscal 2007. The advisory fee in fiscal 2008 increased $258,000 over fiscal 2007 due to a contractual increase in the monthly payments. The remainder of the increase, totaling $484,000, was due mainly to higher hotel and office management fees reflecting the increase in overall hotel and office revenue.
General and administrative expense decreased $808,000, or 18.1%, in fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 due to lower legal fees and development marketing costs. These decreases were slightly offset by higher write-offs of acquisition and development costs for projects that the Real Estate Trust has determined not to pursue.
Earnings from Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers totaled $11.7 million in fiscal 2008 as compared to $12.6 million in fiscal 2007. The $885,000 decrease reflects the affect of the additional preferred dividends paid by Saul Centers as a result of its Series B preferred stock offering in March 2008 which offset increases in operating income generated from successful leasing activity as well as the acquisition, development and redevelopment activity of those entities.
During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust, through an underwritten public offering, sold 1.5 million shares of Saul Centers common stock resulting in a gain of $30.4 million.
During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust redeemed an equity investment which resulted in a gain of approximately $2.7 million. Redemption proceeds of approximately $5.0 million were received in January 2008. The Real Estate Trust received final redemption proceeds of $255,000 in April of 2008. In addition, during fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust recorded a loss of $212,000 as a result of a write-down of a non-public investment accounted for under the equity method. The Real Estate Trust’s other equity investments are included in Other Assets on the Balance Sheet.
On June 22, 2007, the Real Estate Trust was notified that its appeal regarding additional proceeds from a February 2006 condemnation of a 3.71 acre land parcel had been approved by the Loudoun County Circuit Court. Additional proceeds of $325,000 were received on July 10, 2007 and the remainder of the gain was recorded in the quarter ended June 30, 2007. The initial proceeds of approximately $708,000 were originally placed in escrow then received by the Real Estate Trust on August 8, 2006. An initial gain of $416,000 was recorded in the quarter ended March 31, 2006.
On November 22, 2006, the Real Estate Trust received additional proceeds of approximately $1.6 million as final settlement of the February 2004 condemnation of 7.93 acres of land by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The proceeds of $1.6 million included approximately $300,000 in interest income and $8,000 of cost reimbursements. The Real Estate Trust recorded the final gain of approximately $1.2 million, net of approximately $400,000 of related expenses in the 2007 period. The initial gain on this condemnation of $2.7 million was recorded in fiscal 2004.
Overview. The Bank recorded an operating loss of $29.7 million for fiscal year 2008, compared to operating income of $110.8 million for fiscal year 2007. The decline in operating income was caused primarily by a significant increase in the provision for loan losses due to the continued decline in general economic conditions and the credit and housing markets. The increased provision was partially offset by an increase in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income and decreases in salaries and employee benefit expenses and servicing asset adjustments and other loan expenses. Due to continuing adverse market conditions, the Bank did not securitize and sell any residential mortgage loans during fiscal year 2008. However, during fiscal year 2008, the Bank sold $1.6 billion of residential mortgage loans and recognized gains of $8.7 million. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank securitized and/or sold $3.9 billion of loans and recognized gains of $59.7 million.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income, before the provision for loan losses, increased $1.9 million (or 0.4%) in fiscal year 2008. The Bank recorded $1.2 million of interest income on non-accrual loans during fiscal year 2008. The Bank would have recorded additional interest income of $9.6 million during fiscal year 2008 if non-accrual assets had been current in accordance with their original terms. See “Financial Condition – Asset Quality – Non-Performing Assets.”
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, information regarding the total amount of income from interest-earning assets and the resulting yields, the interest expense associated with interest-bearing liabilities, expressed in dollars and rates, and the net interest spread and net yield on interest-earning assets. The table contains information of the Bank only and does not include consolidation or elimination entries required for the Trust’s financial presentation.
Net Interest Margin Analysis
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Balances | Interest | Yield/ Rate | Average Balances | Interest | Yield/ Rate | Average Balances | Interest | Yield/ Rate | |||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans receivable, net (1) | $ | 11,825,922 | $ | 690,198 | 5.84 | % | $ | 11,156,697 | $ | 743,264 | 6.66 | % | $ | 11,235,149 | $ | 669,154 | 5.96 | % | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 1,033,832 | 47,746 | 4.62 | 1,208,902 | 57,738 | 4.78 | 959,247 | 45,581 | 4.75 | ||||||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 46,571 | 1,324 | 2.84 | 60,041 | 3,220 | 5.36 | 73,685 | 3,465 | 4.70 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trading securities | 11,502 | 656 | 5.70 | 31,166 | 1,806 | 5.79 | 6,666 | 441 | 6.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment securities | 228,209 | 10,335 | 4.53 | 208,665 | 8,862 | 4.25 | 201,572 | 6,964 | 3.45 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other interest-earning assets | 201,285 | 9,064 | 4.50 | 181,677 | 11,929 | 6.57 | 204,586 | 11,741 | 5.74 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | 13,347,321 | 759,323 | 5.69 | 12,847,148 | 826,819 | 6.44 | 12,680,905 | 737,346 | 5.81 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest earning assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash | 353,003 | 388,334 | 403,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate held for investment or sale | 59,882 | 38,856 | 23,597 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | 677,334 | 621,046 | 563,978 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Automobiles subject to lease, net | 2,265 | 25,063 | 113,557 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net | 45,238 | 42,308 | 39,004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets | 671,450 | 746,804 | 718,524 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 15,156,493 | $ | 14,709,559 | $ | 14,543,210 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit accounts: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Demand deposits | $ | 2,310,068 | 4,924 | 0.21 | $ | 2,317,823 | 6,756 | 0.29 | $ | 2,373,370 | 6,047 | 0.25 | |||||||||||||||
Savings deposits | 1,214,606 | 12,697 | 1.05 | 958,765 | 6,402 | 0.67 | 1,069,300 | 4,423 | 0.41 | ||||||||||||||||||
Time deposits | 4,107,148 | 168,811 | 4.11 | 3,799,140 | 179,961 | 4.74 | 2,897,776 | 114,058 | 3.94 | ||||||||||||||||||
Money market deposits | 2,137,530 | 36,358 | 1.70 | 2,379,568 | 63,794 | 2.68 | 2,502,723 | 55,035 | 2.20 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total deposits | 9,769,352 | 222,790 | 2.28 | 9,455,296 | 256,913 | 2.72 | 8,843,169 | 179,563 | 2.03 | ||||||||||||||||||
Borrowings | 2,753,635 | 96,064 | 3.49 | 2,635,723 | 131,378 | 4.98 | 3,102,238 | 138,608 | 4.47 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | 12,522,987 | 318,854 | 2.55 | 12,091,019 | 388,291 | 3.21 | 11,945,407 | 318,171 | 2.66 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing items: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest bearing deposits | 1,410,000 | 1,382,066 | 1,414,449 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 237,784 | 265,991 | 246,548 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minority interest | 175,498 | 175,391 | 175,391 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | 810,224 | 795,092 | 761,415 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 15,156,493 | $ | 14,709,559 | $ | 14,543,210 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 440,469 | $ | 438,528 | $ | 419,175 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest spread (2) | 3.14 | % | 3.23 | % | 3.15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net yield on interest-earning assets (3) | 3.30 | % | 3.41 | % | 3.31 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities | 106.58 | % | 106.25 | % | 106.16 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Includes loans held for sale and/or securitization. Interest on non-accruing loans has been included only to the extent reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, however, the loan balance is included in the average amount outstanding until transferred to real estate acquired in settlement of loans. |
(2) | Equals weighted average yield on total interest-earning assets less weighted average rate on total interest-bearing liabilities. |
(3) | Equals annualized net interest income divided by the average balances of total interest-earning assets. |
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The following table presents certain information regarding changes in interest income and interest expense of the Bank during the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by old rate); changes in rate (change in rate multiplied by old volume); and changes in rate and volume.
Volume and Rate Changes in Net Interest Income
(In thousands)
Year Ended September 30, 2008 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2007 Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in (1) | Year Ended September 30, 2007 Compared to Year Ended September 30, 2006 Increase (Decrease) Due to Change in (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Volume | Rate | Total Change | Volume | Rate | Total Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans (2) | $ | 42,782 | $ | (95,848 | ) | $ | (53,066 | ) | $ | (4,703 | ) | $ | 78,813 | $ | 74,110 | |||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | (8,137 | ) | (1,855 | ) | (9,992 | ) | 11,923 | 234 | 12,157 | |||||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | (613 | ) | (1,283 | ) | (1,896 | ) | (693 | ) | 448 | (245 | ) | |||||||||||||
Trading securities | (1,122 | ) | (28 | ) | (1,150 | ) | 1,426 | (61 | ) | 1,365 | ||||||||||||||
Investment securities | 862 | 611 | 1,473 | 253 | 1,645 | 1,898 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other interest-earning assets | 1,184 | (4,049 | ) | (2,865 | ) | (1,398 | ) | 1,586 | 188 | |||||||||||||||
Total interest income | 34,956 | (102,452 | ) | (67,496 | ) | 6,808 | 82,665 | 89,473 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit accounts | 8,298 | (42,421 | ) | (34,123 | ) | 13,144 | 64,206 | 77,350 | ||||||||||||||||
Borrowings | 5,649 | (40,963 | ) | (35,314 | ) | (22,206 | ) | 14,976 | (7,230 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total interest expense | 13,947 | (83,384 | ) | (69,437 | ) | (9,062 | ) | 79,182 | 70,120 | |||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) in net interest income | $ | 21,009 | $ | (19,068 | ) | $ | 1,941 | $ | 15,870 | $ | 3,483 | $ | 19,353 | |||||||||||
(1) | The net change attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate has been allocated in proportion to the absolute value of the change due to volume and the change due to rate. |
(2) | Includes loans held for sale and/or securitization. |
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Interest income in fiscal year 2008 decreased $67.5 million (or 8.2%) from fiscal year 2007, primarily as a result of lower average yields on loans receivable. A decrease in interest income on mortgage-backed securities caused primarily by lower average balances, contributed to the decreased income.
The Bank’s net interest spread decreased to 3.14% in fiscal year 2008 from 3.23% in fiscal year 2007. The ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities increased slightly to 106.6% for fiscal year 2008, from 106.3% for fiscal year 2007.
Interest income on loans, the largest category of interest-earning assets, decreased to $690.2 million for fiscal year 2008 from $743.3 million for fiscal year 2007, a decrease of 7.1%, due to lower average yields. The average yield on the loan portfolio decreased to 5.84% for fiscal year 2008 from 6.66% for fiscal year 2007. Interest income on residential mortgage loans increased $10.4 million primarily due a 54 basis point reduction in the average yield which was partially offset by a $554.9 million increase in the average balance on those loans. Lower average balances of and average yields on home equity loans resulted in a $28.1 million (or 23.5%) decrease in interest income on those loans.
Interest income on mortgage-backed securities decreased $10.0 million (or 17.3%) primarily due to a $175.1 million decrease in average balances, coupled with a slight decrease in the average yields on those securities to 4.62% from 4.78%.
Interest expense on deposits decreased $34.1 million (or 13.3%) during fiscal year 2008. The decrease resulted primarily from a 44 basis point decrease in the average rate on deposits (to 2.28% from 2.72%) due to decreased rates paid by the Bank in response to lower market interest rates, partially offset by a $314.1 million increase in average deposit balances.
Interest expense on borrowings decreased $35.3 million (or 26.9%) in fiscal year 2008 compared to fiscal year 2007. Interest expense on advances from the FHLB of Atlanta decreased $20.8 million (or 22.5%) due primarily to lower average rates paid on the advances which were partially offset by higher average balances. Interest expense on other borrowings decreased $10.4 million (or 52.9%) due to lower average rates paid on those borrowings.
Provision for Loan Losses. During fiscal year 2008, the Bank recorded a provision for loan losses of $318.5 million, compared to $3.7 million in fiscal year 2007. The significant increase in the provision reflects increased delinquencies and losses in the Bank’s portfolio of residential real estate loans. See “Financial Condition – Asset Quality – Allowances for Losses.”
Other income. Other income increased to $461.9 million in fiscal year 2008 from $370.8 million in fiscal year 2007. The $91.1 million (or 24.6%) increase was primarily attributable to increases in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income, deposit servicing fees and asset management fees and other non-interest income.
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income increased to $209.9 million in fiscal year 2008, from $145.8 million in fiscal year 2007, a 44.0% increase. The Bank recorded a fair value write-up on its interest-only assets totaling $119.5 million in fiscal year 2008 compared to a fair value write-down of $8.9 million in fiscal year 2007. The increase in fair value reflects lower estimated future prepayment levels due to reduced liquidity in the primary mortgage market. Due to continuing adverse market conditions, the Bank did not securitize any residential mortgage loans in the year ended September 30, 2008. However, during fiscal year 2008, the Bank sold $1.6 billion of loans and recognized gains of $8.7 million. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank securitized and/or sold $3.9 billion of loans and recognized gains of $57.7 million.
Other income increased to $32.7 million in fiscal year 2008 from $24.2 million in fiscal year 2007, a 35.1% increase. The increase resulted primarily from a gain of $14.0 million on the partial redemption of the Bank’s stock in VISA following VISA’s initial public offering during 2008.
Deposit servicing fees increased $20.4 million (or 13.3%) during fiscal year 2008 primarily due to increased fees generated from the Bank’s branch and ATM network.
Automobile rental income decreased $7.7 million to $590,000 as a result of the Bank’s prior decision to discontinue automobile leases.
Operating Expenses. Operating expenses during fiscal year 2008 decreased $81.7 million (or 11.7%) from fiscal year 2007. The decrease was largely due to decreases in salaries and employee benefits and in servicing assets adjustments and other loan expenses which were partially offset by increases in property and equipment expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits decreased $29.7 million (or 8.5%) in fiscal year 2008 due primarily to staff reductions. During the fiscal year, the Bank recorded $8.7 million of severance expense related to those staff reductions.
Servicing assets adjustments and other loan expenses decreased $65.2 million (or 70.0%) in fiscal year 2008 primarily due to lower actual and projected prepayment speeds on mortgage loans serviced for others.
Property and equipment expense increased $7.7 million (or 11.6%) during fiscal year 2008 primarily due to increased rent expense related to the retail branch network.
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FISCAL 2007 COMPARED TO FISCAL 2006
The Real Estate Trust recorded an operating loss from continuing operations of $2.5 million for fiscal 2007 compared to an operating loss from continuing operations of $2.0 million for fiscal 2006. The change reflects increased interest and debt amortization, depreciation, advisory, management and leasing fees and general and administrative expenses which were slightly offset by improved operating results in the hotel portfolio, the contribution from the March 29, 2007 office building acquisition, higher equity earnings from unconsolidated entities, income generated from the sale of townhomes and $1.5 million of gains on sales of land parcels. Also included in fiscal 2006 is a $416,000 gain on sale of land as a result of a condemnation.
Income after direct operating expenses from hotels, which excludes two hotels which were sold during fiscal 2006, increased $3.0 million, or 6.0%, in fiscal 2007 from the level achieved in fiscal 2006. Total revenue increased $17.4 million, or 13.7%, as occupancy, exclusive of the hotel purchased in March 2006 and the newly constructed hotel which was placed in service in January 2007 (“Same hotel properties”), increased to 71.2% in fiscal 2007 from 70.6% in fiscal 2006 offsetting a slight decrease in the average room rate for the same hotel properties from $122.92 for fiscal 2006 to $121.90 for fiscal 2007. Room sales for fiscal 2007 increased $11.5 million, or 11.2%, from fiscal 2006, while food, beverage and other sales increased $5.9 million, or 23.8%. The hotel purchased in March 2006 contributed approximately $12.9 million to the increase in overall revenue. The newly constructed hotel contributed approximately $3.2 million to the increase in overall revenue. The same hotel properties revenue increased approximately $1.3 million, or 1.2%. Direct operating expenses increased $14.4 million, or 18.5%, reflecting increased operating costs, such as payroll costs, hotel franchise and marketing costs and other operating costs associated with the increased hotel revenue as well as increased repair and maintenance costs, food and beverage costs and property taxes. In addition, operating costs associated with the hotel purchased in March 2006 and the newly constructed hotel are fully integrated into the fiscal 2007 results.
Income after direct operating expenses from office and industrial properties increased $809,000, or 3.0%, in fiscal 2007 compared to fiscal 2006. Total revenue increased $3.5 million, or 8.7%, in fiscal 2007. The property purchased on March 29, 2007 contributed $3.4 million to revenue in fiscal 2007. Occupancy levels, excluding the property purchased on March 29, 2007, which is 100% leased (“Same office properties”), have decreased in fiscal 2007 from 92.0% at September 30, 2006 to 85.1% at September 30, 2007. The majority of the decrease in occupancy was caused by the March 31, 2007 lease expiration of a 100,207 square foot tenant that was the sole occupant of one of the Real Estate Trust’s industrial buildings located in Northern Virginia. Rental revenue was received from this tenant through the end of their lease term. Increased revenue generated by the remainder of the Real Estate Trust’s metropolitan Washington, D.C. portfolio is offset by lower revenue and occupancy from its other office and industrial properties. Overall direct operating expenses increased $2.7 million, or 20.1%, due to higher utility costs, ground rent, property taxes and lower repair and maintenance costs. Direct operating expenses for the same office properties increased $339,000, or 2.5%.
The first townhome sales at the Real Estate Trust’s Circle 75 Development, located in Atlanta, Georgia, closed during the second quarter of fiscal 2007. Income from the sale of townhomes, after deducting the cost of sales, totaled $1.5 million for fiscal 2007. Twenty-eight units, out of a total of 107 units, were sold during the fiscal year for a total sales value of $9.8 million. All direct costs and allocated infrastructure and soft costs, totaling $8.3 million, associated with these units were expensed during fiscal 2007.
Other income, which includes interest income, income from other real estate properties and other miscellaneous income, decreased $830,000, or 34.4%, due to lower interest income in fiscal 2007 reflecting decreased cash balances in the fiscal year. In addition easement income, relating to a land parcel in Northern Virginia, of $90,000 and $120,000 were received in fiscal 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Land parcels and other expense increased $159,000, or 13.5%, in fiscal 2007 when compared to fiscal 2006 reflecting increased property tax expenses throughout the entire portfolio of land holdings.
Interest and amortization of debt expense increased $3.5 million in fiscal 2007 when compared to fiscal 2006. The increase is due to higher mortgage interest and debt amortization of approximately $8.7 million, reflecting the Real Estate Trust’s refinancing activity during fiscal 2007 and 2006 and higher line of credit interest of $383,000 which was partially offset by lower unsecured note interest of $3.7 million and increased capitalized interest of $925,000. Also, included in fiscal 2006 are one-time charges consisting of a write-off of unamortized debt costs of $106,000 associated with the early pay-off of a mortgage that had secured six operating properties and a defeasance premium of $829,000 associated with the payoff of the mortgage assumed by the Real Estate Trust with the November 1, 2005 hotel property purchase. The average balance of outstanding borrowings increased to $791.9 million in fiscal 2007 from $684.1 million in fiscal 2006, reflecting higher mortgage balances which offset lower unsecured note balances. The average cost of borrowings decreased from 7.44% in fiscal 2006 to 7.10% in fiscal 2007.
Depreciation expense increased $2.4 million or 11.6%, reflecting recent hotel and office acquisitions, developments and capital improvements in both the hotel and office and industrial portfolios that have been placed in service during fiscal 2007 and 2006.
Advisory, management and leasing fees paid to related parties increased $1.2 million, or 7.9%, in fiscal 2007 when compared to fiscal 2006. The advisory fee in fiscal 2007 increased $507,000 over fiscal 2006 due to a contractual increase in the monthly payments. The remainder of the increase, totaling $709,000, was due mainly to higher hotel and office management fees reflecting the overall increase in hotel and office revenue in fiscal 2007.
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General and administrative expense increased $1.3 million, or 41.4%, in fiscal 2007 compared to fiscal 2006. The increase is due to marketing costs incurred for new development projects, both residential and hotel, and increased legal costs which were partially offset by lower write-offs of acquisition and development costs for projects that the Real Estate Trust has determined not to pursue.
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities reflected net earnings of approximately $12.5 million in fiscal 2007 as compared to $10.0 million in fiscal 2006, an increase of $2.5 million, or 24.8%. Earnings from Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers were higher by $2.0 million in fiscal 2007 primarily due to an increase in operating income generated from development and redevelopment activity, as well as successful leasing activity in the core properties of those entities. Losses from other investments totaled $503,000 in fiscal 2006. These losses are a result of a write-down of a non-public investment accounted for under the equity method. There were no losses from other investments in fiscal 2007.
On June 22, 2007 the Real Estate Trust was notified that its appeal regarding additional proceeds from a February 2006 condemnation of a 3.71 acre parcel had been approved by the Loudoun County Circuit Court. Additional proceeds of $325,000 were received on July 10, 2007 and the remainder of the gain was recorded in fiscal 2007. The initial proceeds of approximately $708,000 were originally placed in escrow then received by the Real Estate Trust on August 8, 2006. An initial gain of $416,000 was recorded in fiscal 2006.
On November 22, 2006, the Real Estate Trust received additional proceeds of approximately $1.6 million as final settlement of the February 2004 condemnation of 7.93 acres of land by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The proceeds of $1.6 million include approximately $300,000 in interest income and $8,000 of cost reimbursements. The Real Estate Trust recorded the final gain of approximately $1.2 million, net of approximately $400,000 of related expenses in fiscal 2007. The initial gain on this condemnation of $2.7 million was recorded in fiscal 2004.
Included in income from operations of discontinued real estate assets for fiscal 2006 are two hotel properties and an other real estate property asset. The sales of the hotel properties closed in December 2005 and January 2006, respectively. The sale of the other real estate asset closed in February 2006. There were no assets held for sale during fiscal 2007.
Income from operations of discontinued real estate assets totaled $4.2 million in fiscal 2006. Net operating results for the two hotel properties for fiscal 2006 produced income from operations of discontinued real estate assets of approximately $1.3 million, which includes a combined gain on sale of approximately $3.4 million, and a loss from operations of discontinued real estate assets of $2.1 million. Included in the loss from operations is $1.8 million of costs associated with the defeasance of a mortgage which secured one of the hotel properties. Also included in income from operations of discontinued real estate assets in fiscal 2006 is a gain on the sale of one of the Real Estate Trust’s other real estate assets of $2.9 million and income from operations of the other real estate asset of approximately $47,000. This asset was sold in February 2006.
Overview. The Bank recorded operating income of $110.8 million for fiscal year 2007, compared to operating income of $138.8 million for fiscal year 2006. The decrease in income was primarily attributable to an increase in salaries and employee benefits expense, a decrease in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income, an increase in the provision for loan losses as a result of the deterioration in the mortgage markets and a decrease in automobile rental income. An increase in net interest income and a decrease in depreciation and amortization due to the Bank’s prior decision to discontinue automobile lease origination partially offset the decreased income. The Bank’s net income in future periods will continue to be affected by increased operating expenses associated with expansion of the Bank’s branch network and other areas of business and the fixed payments associated with the REIT preferred stock and 2003 debentures.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income, before the provision for loan losses, increased $19.4 million (or 4.6%) in fiscal year 2007. The Bank recorded $2.7 million of interest income on non-accrual and restructured loans during fiscal year 2007. The Bank would have recorded additional interest income of $1.9 million during fiscal year 2007 if non-accrual assets and restructured loans had been current in accordance with their original terms. See “Financial Condition – Asset Quality – Non-Performing Assets.”
Interest income in fiscal year 2007 increased $89.5 million (or 12.1%) from fiscal year 2006 primarily as a result of higher average yields on loans receivable which more than offset the reduction in interest income from lower average balances. An increase in interest income on mortgage-backed securities caused by higher average balances also contributed to the increased income.
The Bank’s net interest spread increased to 3.23% in fiscal year 2007 from 3.15% in fiscal year 2006. The eight basis point increase primarily resulted from a 70 basis point increase in the average yield on loans which was partially offset by a 55 basis point increase in the cost of deposits and borrowings. The ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities was 106.25% for fiscal year 2007, essentially unchanged from fiscal year 2006.
Interest income on loans, the largest category of interest-earning assets, increased 11.1% to $743.3 million for fiscal year 2007 from $669.2 million for fiscal year 2006, because of higher average yields. The average yield on the loan portfolio increased to 6.66% for fiscal year 2007 from 5.96% for fiscal year 2006, reflecting increases in the various indices on which interest rates of adjustable rate loans are based. Interest income on residential mortgage loans increased $56.1 million primarily due to a 77 basis point increase in the average yield (to 6.25% from 5.48%) during fiscal year 2007. Lower residential mortgage loan average balances of $60.6 million partially offset the increased interest income on those loans. Higher average yields on home equity loans resulted in a $1.9 million (or 1.6%) increase in interest income on those loans. Higher average balances of and average yields on residential construction loans resulted in a $19.9 million (or 54.7%) increase in interest income on those loans.
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Interest income on mortgage-backed securities increased $12.2 million (or 26.7%) primarily due to a $249.7 million increase in average balances coupled with an increase in the average yields on those securities.
Interest expense on deposits increased $77.4 million (or 43.1%) during fiscal year 2007. The increase resulted primarily from a 69 basis point increase in the average rate on deposits (to 2.72% from 2.03%) due to increased rates paid by the Bank in response to higher market interest rates. A $612.1 million increase in average deposit balances also contributed to the increase in interest expense.
Interest expense on borrowings decreased $7.2 million (or 5.2%) in fiscal year 2007 compared to fiscal year 2006. Interest expense on advances from the FHLB of Atlanta decreased $10.5 million (or 10.2%) due primarily to lower average balances which were partially offset by higher average rates paid on the advances. Interest expense on other borrowings increased $6.3 million (or 46.7%) due to higher average balances and higher average rates paid on those borrowings.
Provision for Loan Losses. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank recorded a provision for loan losses of $3.4 million, compared to a credit for loan losses of $9.0 million in fiscal year 2006. The provision reflects increased delinquencies and losses in the Bank’s portfolio of residential real estate loans. See “Financial Condition – Asset Quality – Allowances for Losses.”
Other income. Other income decreased to $370.8 million in fiscal year 2007 from $392.6 million in fiscal year 2006. The $21.8 million (or 5.6%) decrease was primarily attributable to decreases, in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income and automobile rental income which were partially offset by an increase in deposit servicing fees.
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income decreased to $145.8 million in fiscal year 2007, from $156.4 million in fiscal year 2006, a 1.2% decrease. During fiscal year 2007, the Bank securitized and/or sold $3.9 billion of loans and recognized gains of $59.7 million. During fiscal year 2006, the Bank securitized and/or sold $5.4 billion of loans and recognized gains of $118.8 million. Recent developments in the broader credit markets and, more specifically, in the mortgage markets have resulted in reduced investor demand and less favorable terms and pricing in the capital markets for securitizations and sales of residential mortgage loans. As a result, the Bank did not securitize and sell any residential mortgage loans in the quarter ended September 30, 2007. Offsetting the lower gain was a reduction in the amount of fair value write-downs of interest-only assets to $8.9 million in 2007 from $88.3 million in 2006. Primarily as a result of higher estimated future prepayments of securitized mortgage loans, the Bank recorded a fair value write-down on its interest-only assets totaling $88.3 million in fiscal year 2006. Due to several factors, including reductions in interest rates and availability of credit, prepayment levels slowed in the quarter ended September 30, 2007, which led to a significantly lower fair value write-down on interest-only assets in fiscal year 2007 as compared to 2006. However, in fiscal year 2007, the Bank recorded a fair value write-down of $12.6 million on its loans held for sale and reclassified $1.3 billion of loans held for sale to loans receivable.
Automobile rental income decreased to $8.3 million in fiscal year 2007 from $35.2 million in fiscal year 2006, a 76.4% decrease as a result of the Bank’s prior decision to discontinue origination of automobile leases.
Deposit servicing fees increased $9.0 million (or 6.2%) during fiscal year 2007 primarily due to fees generated from the continued expansion of the Bank’s branch and ATM network.
Operating Expenses. Operating expenses during fiscal year 2007 increased $13.2 million (or 1.9%) from fiscal year 2006. The increase was largely due to increases in salaries and employee benefits and property and equipment expenses which were partially offset by reductions in depreciation and amortization and other expenses. Management anticipates a decline in operating expenses in future periods due to decreased originations of loans due to current market conditions and as staffing levels are reduced to limit extended hours in the deposit branch network.
Salaries and employee benefits increased $40.7 million (or 13.2%) in fiscal year 2007 due primarily to the increased number of retail branches and the increased number of hours those branches are open.
Property and equipment expense increased $11.2 million (or 20.0%) during fiscal year 2007 primarily due to rent expense on the increased number of retail branches.
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $17.2 million (or 24.7%) in fiscal year 2007. Depreciation expense related to automobiles subject to lease decreased $17.7 million, to $5.6 million for fiscal year 2007, due to lower levels of outstanding leases resulting from the Bank’s prior decision to discontinue origination of automobile leases.
Other expenses decreased to $68.3 million (or 17.4%) in fiscal year 2007 primarily due to the Bank’s settlement of a lawsuit for $16.1 million related to its former credit card operations during fiscal year 2006.
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ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Information required by this Item is included in Item “7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition—Banking—Asset and Liability Management.”
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ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
The financial statements of the Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries are included in this report on the pages indicated and are incorporated herein by reference:
Summary financial information with respect to the Bank is also included in Part I, Item 1.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
TRUSTEES AND SHAREHOLDERS
B.F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust (“the Trust”) as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income and changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2008. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a). These consolidated financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Trust’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2008 in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Trust adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“FAS”) No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets,” an amendment to FASB Statement No. 140, as of October 1, 2006.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP |
McLean, Virginia
December 18, 2008
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B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
September 30, | ||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||
Income-producing properties | ||||||||
Hotel | $ | 424,002 | $ | 387,759 | ||||
Office and industrial | 268,063 | 265,651 | ||||||
Other | 1,128 | 1,128 | ||||||
693,193 | 654,538 | |||||||
Accumulated depreciation | (255,695 | ) | (236,685 | ) | ||||
437,498 | 417,853 | |||||||
Land parcels | 51,204 | 43,354 | ||||||
Construction in progress | 91,932 | 83,756 | ||||||
Investment in Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 85,904 | 127,079 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 10,274 | 8,889 | ||||||
Note receivable - related party | — | 5,400 | ||||||
Other assets | 68,948 | 65,555 | ||||||
Total real estate assets | 745,760 | 751,886 | ||||||
Banking | ||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 433,486 | 357,634 | ||||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 19,701 | 22,465 | ||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale | 58,145 | 202,268 | ||||||
Investment securities (market value of $322,324 and $211,745, respectively) | 318,392 | 210,363 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed securities (market value of $1,248,479 and $1,040,424, respectively) | 1,251,511 | 1,053,433 | ||||||
Loans receivable (net of allowance for losses of $278,904 and $29,000, respectively) | 11,580,858 | 11,637,789 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 110,614 | 115,327 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 700,859 | 645,521 | ||||||
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net | 45,029 | 45,425 | ||||||
Mortgage interest-only assets | 339,059 | 314,111 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing assets | 152,866 | 155,680 | ||||||
Other assets | 452,909 | 329,047 | ||||||
Total banking assets | 15,463,429 | 15,089,063 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 16,209,189 | $ | 15,840,949 | ||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 615,152 | $ | 579,639 | ||||
Notes payable - secured | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
Revolving credit facilities outstanding | 15,000 | 14,000 | ||||||
Other liabilities and accrued expenses | 37,676 | 41,563 | ||||||
Deferred tax liability, net | 47,360 | 37,970 | ||||||
Total real estate liabilities | 965,188 | 923,172 | ||||||
Banking | ||||||||
Deposit accounts | 11,401,018 | 10,949,577 | ||||||
Securities sold under repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings | 621,507 | 563,898 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 1,902,530 | 2,007,274 | ||||||
Custodial accounts | 100,920 | 98,613 | ||||||
Amounts due to banks | 60,665 | 60,604 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 193,779 | 246,558 | ||||||
Capital notes — subordinated | 175,000 | 175,000 | ||||||
Total banking liabilities | 14,455,419 | 14,101,524 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
Minority interest held by affiliates | 142,374 | 138,305 | ||||||
Minority interest — other | 296,140 | 296,013 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES | 15,859,121 | 15,459,014 | ||||||
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, $10.50 cumulative, $1 par value, 90 million shares authorized, 516,000 shares issued and outstanding, liquidation value $51.6 million | 516 | 516 | ||||||
Common shares of beneficial interest, $1 par value, 10 million shares authorized, | ||||||||
6,641,598 shares issued | 6,642 | 6,642 | ||||||
Paid-in surplus | 92,943 | 92,943 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 293,808 | 325,675 | ||||||
393,909 | 425,776 | |||||||
Less cost of 1,834,088 common shares of beneficial interest in treasury | (43,841 | ) | (43,841 | ) | ||||
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | 350,068 | 381,935 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 16,209,189 | $ | 15,840,949 | ||||
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Operations
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
REAL ESTATE | ||||||||||||
Income | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 149,797 | $ | 144,665 | $ | 127,238 | ||||||
Office and industrial (including $6,471, $6,229 and $5,792 of rental income earned from banking segment, respectively) | 47,122 | 43,475 | 39,984 | |||||||||
Sales of townhomes | 6,532 | 9,820 | — | |||||||||
Other | 705 | 1,585 | 2,415 | |||||||||
Total income | 204,156 | 199,545 | 169,637 | |||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||
Direct operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
Hotels | 98,232 | 92,499 | 78,041 | |||||||||
Office and industrial properties | 19,855 | 16,056 | 13,374 | |||||||||
Land parcels and other | 1,431 | 1,336 | 1,177 | |||||||||
Cost of sales, townhomes | 5,971 | 8,267 | — | |||||||||
Interest and amortization of debt expense | 58,222 | 54,043 | 50,516 | |||||||||
Depreciation | 26,876 | 22,758 | 20,390 | |||||||||
Advisory, management and leasing fees - related parties | 17,438 | 16,696 | 15,480 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 3,654 | 4,462 | 3,156 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 231,679 | 216,117 | 182,134 | |||||||||
Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities: | ||||||||||||
Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 11,655 | 12,540 | 10,554 | |||||||||
Other, including impairment | (212 | ) | — | (503 | ) | |||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers Stock | 30,356 | — | — | |||||||||
Gain on sales of land | — | 1,534 | 416 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of investment | 2,727 | — | — | |||||||||
REAL ESTATE OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) | $ | 17,003 | $ | (2,498 | ) | $ | (2,030 | ) | ||||
BANKING | ||||||||||||
Interest income | ||||||||||||
Loans | $ | 690,198 | $ | 743,264 | $ | 669,154 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 47,746 | 57,738 | 45,581 | |||||||||
Other | 21,379 | 25,817 | 22,611 | |||||||||
Total interest income | 759,323 | 826,819 | 737,346 | |||||||||
Interest expense | ||||||||||||
Deposit accounts | 222,790 | 256,913 | 179,563 | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 66,847 | 96,210 | 96,913 | |||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 29,217 | 35,168 | 41,695 | |||||||||
Total interest expense | 318,854 | 388,291 | 318,171 | |||||||||
Net interest income | 440,469 | 438,528 | 419,175 | |||||||||
Provision (credit) for loan losses | 318,519 | 3,383 | (9,004 | ) | ||||||||
Net interest income after provision (credit) for loan losses | 121,950 | 435,145 | 428,179 | |||||||||
Other income | ||||||||||||
Deposit servicing fees | 174,015 | 153,574 | 144,548 | |||||||||
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income | 209,895 | 145,757 | 156,438 | |||||||||
Automobile rental income, net | 590 | 8,309 | 35,196 | |||||||||
Asset management fees | 44,634 | 38,927 | 33,291 | |||||||||
Other | 32,725 | 24,212 | 23,103 | |||||||||
Total other income | 461,859 | 370,779 | 392,576 | |||||||||
Continued on following page.
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Consolidated Statements of Operations (Continued)
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
BANKING (Continued) | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 320,392 | $ | 350,047 | $ | 309,365 | ||||||
Servicing assets amortization and other loan expenses | 27,908 | 93,139 | 103,696 | |||||||||
Property and equipment (including $6,471, $6,229 and $5,792 of rental expense paid to real estate segment, respectively) | 74,730 | 66,990 | 55,832 | |||||||||
Marketing | 12,857 | 20,583 | 22,161 | |||||||||
Data processing | 49,372 | 43,783 | 38,713 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 49,399 | 52,273 | 69,465 | |||||||||
Other | 78,808 | 68,305 | 82,720 | |||||||||
Total operating expenses | 613,466 | 695,120 | 681,952 | |||||||||
BANKING OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME | $ | (29,657 | ) | $ | 110,804 | $ | 138,803 | |||||
TOTAL COMPANY | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest | $ | (12,654 | ) | $ | 108,306 | $ | 136,773 | |||||
Income tax (benefit) provision | (13,632 | ) | 35,435 | 39,663 | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations before minority interest | 978 | 72,871 | 97,110 | |||||||||
Minority interest held by affiliates | 7,887 | (9,041 | ) | (13,597 | ) | |||||||
Minority interest — other | (29,293 | ) | (29,213 | ) | (29,141 | ) | ||||||
(LOSS) INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS | (20,428 | ) | 34,617 | 54,372 | ||||||||
Discontinued real estate operations: | ||||||||||||
Income from operations of discontinued real estate assets | — | — | 4,225 | |||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | — | — | 1,635 | |||||||||
INCOME FROM DISCONTINUED REAL ESTATE OPERATIONS | — | — | 2,590 | |||||||||
TOTAL COMPANY NET (LOSS) INCOME | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | |||||
Dividends: Real Estate Trust’s preferred shares of beneficial interest | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | ||||||
NET (LOSS) INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON | ||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS | $ | (25,846 | ) | $ | 29,199 | $ | 51,544 | |||||
NET (LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON SHARE | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | (5.38 | ) | $ | 6.07 | $ | 10.18 | |||||
Discontinued operations | — | — | 0.54 | |||||||||
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE (BASIC AND DILUTED) | $ | (5.38 | ) | $ | 6.07 | $ | 10.72 | |||||
DISTRIBUTIONS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE | $ | 1.37 | $ | 1.37 | $ | 1.37 | ||||||
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME | ||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | |||||
Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | |||||||||
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | |||||
CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||
PREFERRED SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST | ||||||||||||
Beginning and end of year (516,000 shares) | $ | 516 | $ | 516 | $ | 516 | ||||||
COMMON SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST | ||||||||||||
Beginning and end of year (6,641,598 shares) | 6,642 | 6,642 | 6,642 | |||||||||
PAID-IN SURPLUS | ||||||||||||
Beginning and end of year | 92,943 | 92,943 | 92,943 | |||||||||
RETAINED EARNINGS | ||||||||||||
Beginning of year | 325,675 | 296,293 | 249,083 | |||||||||
Net (loss) income | (20,428 | ) | 34,617 | 56,962 | ||||||||
Adjustments: | ||||||||||||
Saul Holdings investment, net of taxes of $398, $2,913 and $1,210, respectively | 737 | 5,410 | 2,248 | |||||||||
Other | — | (1,917 | ) | — | ||||||||
Dividends: | ||||||||||||
Real Estate Trust preferred shares of beneficial interest | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | ||||||
Real Estate Trust common shares of beneficial interest | (6,582 | ) | (6,582 | ) | (6,582 | ) | ||||||
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of tax | (176 | ) | 3,272 | — | ||||||||
End of year | 293,808 | 325,675 | 296,293 | |||||||||
TREASURY SHARES | ||||||||||||
Beginning and end of year (1,834,088 shares) | (43,841 | ) | (43,841 | ) | (43,841 | ) | ||||||
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 350,068 | $ | 381,935 | $ | 352,553 | ||||||
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 11,121 | $ | (1,548 | ) | $ | 2,574 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Amortization of debt expense | 2,582 | 2,346 | 2,672 | |||||||||
Depreciation | 26,876 | 22,758 | 20,390 | |||||||||
Equity in net losses of unconsolidated entities | 212 | — | 503 | |||||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers Stock | (30,356 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Net gains on sale of property | — | (1,534 | ) | (6,702 | ) | |||||||
Gain on sale of investment | (2,727 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Deferred tax expense | 8,993 | 72 | 4,121 | |||||||||
Increase in accounts receivable and accrued income | (2,512 | ) | (1,021 | ) | (7,051 | ) | ||||||
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses | 1,753 | 1,368 | 2,318 | |||||||||
Dividends and tax sharing payments | 1,890 | 20,039 | 34,031 | |||||||||
Other | (1,747 | ) | (2,383 | ) | (5,137 | ) | ||||||
16,085 | 40,097 | 47,719 | ||||||||||
Banking | ||||||||||||
Net (loss) income | (31,549 | ) | 36,165 | 54,388 | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Amortization of premiums, discounts and net deferred loan fees | 14,428 | 35,644 | 36,597 | |||||||||
Decrease in income taxes payable | (109,640 | ) | (4,567 | ) | (40,900 | ) | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 49,399 | 52,273 | 69,465 | |||||||||
Provision (credit) for loan losses | 318,519 | 3,383 | (9,004 | ) | ||||||||
Minority interest held by affiliates | (7,887 | ) | 9,041 | 13,597 | ||||||||
Minority interest - other | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sales of trading securities | 307,626 | 568,923 | 224,536 | |||||||||
Purchases and net fundings of loans held for securitization and/or sale | (1,578,179 | ) | (3,329,777 | ) | (4,186,104 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of loans held for securitization and/or sale | 1,332,750 | 3,389,467 | 4,959,043 | |||||||||
(Increase) decrease in interest-only strips receivable | (24,948 | ) | 30,206 | 3,910 | ||||||||
(Increase) decrease in servicing assets | 2,814 | 19,102 | (3,466 | ) | ||||||||
(Increase) decrease in other assets | (87,261 | ) | 50,917 | (88,792 | ) | |||||||
Increase (decrease) in custodial accounts | 2,307 | (5,290 | ) | (18,767 | ) | |||||||
Increase in other liabilities | 56,923 | 7,256 | 65,549 | |||||||||
Other | 2,881 | 540 | (890 | ) | ||||||||
258,183 | 873,283 | 1,089,162 | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 274,268 | 913,380 | 1,136,881 | |||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Property acquisitions | — | (47,187 | ) | (108,029 | ) | |||||||
Development/redevelopment expenditures | (46,567 | ) | (58,852 | ) | (20,973 | ) | ||||||
Capital expenditures | (22,441 | ) | (19,098 | ) | (31,835 | ) | ||||||
Property sales, net | — | 1,810 | 17,146 | |||||||||
Net repayments, note receivable - related party | 5,400 | 4,900 | 2,800 | |||||||||
Capital contribution to Bank | (48,000 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Saul Centers stock sale proceeds, net | 66,741 | — | — | |||||||||
Distributions in excess of equity in earnings from Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 5,924 | 3,639 | 4,268 | |||||||||
Purchases of Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | — | (32,592 | ) | (15,290 | ) | |||||||
Proceeds from other investments | 5,870 | — | — | |||||||||
Other investments | (5,036 | ) | 110 | (431 | ) | |||||||
(38,109 | ) | (147,270 | ) | (152,344 | ) | |||||||
Banking | ||||||||||||
Purchases of investment securities | (148,423 | ) | (8,350 | ) | — | |||||||
Proceds from maturities of investment securities | 40,000 | — | — | |||||||||
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 300,934 | 299,208 | 273,074 | |||||||||
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | (296,221 | ) | (329,086 | ) | (222,430 | ) | ||||||
Net principal collected on loans | 3,941,975 | 4,668,503 | 5,505,242 | |||||||||
Net funding and purchases of loans receivable | (4,241,571 | ) | (6,606,380 | ) | (6,770,029 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of loans transferred to loans held for securitization and/or sale | — | 2,052 | 181,995 | |||||||||
Principal collected on mortgage-backed securities | 199,207 | 269,789 | 184,810 | |||||||||
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities | (403,482 | ) | (36,577 | ) | (126,788 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of automobiles subject to lease | 6,321 | 42,888 | 106,333 | |||||||||
Net purchases of property and equipment | (107,857 | ) | (118,036 | ) | (115,036 | ) | ||||||
Net proceeds from sales of property and equipment | 588 | 26,476 | 701 | |||||||||
Net proceeds from sales of real estate | 77,360 | 18,561 | 4,707 | |||||||||
Disbursements for real estate held for sale | (8,232 | ) | (15,546 | ) | (11,793 | ) | ||||||
Purchases of investment management companies | — | (5,902 | ) | (9,552 | ) | |||||||
(639,401 | ) | (1,792,400 | ) | (998,766 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (677,510 | ) | (1,939,670 | ) | (1,151,110 | ) | ||||||
Continued on following page.
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
B. F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
For the Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from mortgage financing | $ | 73,327 | $ | 118,142 | $ | 294,882 | ||||||
Principal curtailments and repayments of mortgages | (37,814 | ) | (26,842 | ) | (106,108 | ) | ||||||
Net proceeds from secured revolving credit facilities | 1,000 | 14,000 | — | |||||||||
Proceeds from unsecured bridge loan | — | — | 86,193 | |||||||||
Repayments of unsecured bridge loan | — | — | (86,193 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales of unsecured notes | — | — | 935 | |||||||||
Repayments of unsecured notes | — | (21,398 | ) | (37,297 | ) | |||||||
Costs of obtaining financings | (1,104 | ) | (2,231 | ) | (3,316 | ) | ||||||
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | (5,418 | ) | ||||||
Cash dividends paid on common stock | (6,582 | ) | (6,582 | ) | (6,582 | ) | ||||||
23,409 | 69,671 | 137,096 | ||||||||||
Banking | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from customer deposits and sales of certificates of deposit | 108,412,268 | 96,168,357 | 83,202,385 | |||||||||
Customer withdrawals of deposits and payments for maturing certificates of deposit | (107,960,827 | ) | (95,664,544 | ) | (82,538,389 | ) | ||||||
Capital contribution from parent | 60,000 | 9,995 | — | |||||||||
Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank | 21,058,926 | 17,036,411 | 19,764,354 | |||||||||
Repayments of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank | (21,163,670 | ) | (16,372,449 | ) | (20,889,782 | ) | ||||||
Net increase in other borrowings | 57,609 | (258,742 | ) | 323,725 | ||||||||
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock | (10,000 | ) | (10,000 | ) | (10,000 | ) | ||||||
Cash dividends paid on common stock | — | (20,000 | ) | (40,000 | ) | |||||||
454,306 | 889,028 | (187,707 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 477,715 | 958,699 | (50,611 | ) | ||||||||
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 74,473 | (67,591 | ) | (64,840 | ) | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 388,988 | 456,579 | 521,419 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 463,461 | $ | 388,988 | $ | 456,579 | ||||||
Components of cash and cash equivalents at end of year as presented in the consolidated balance sheets: | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 10,274 | $ | 8,889 | $ | 46,391 | ||||||
Banking | ||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 433,486 | 357,634 | 394,309 | |||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 19,701 | 22,465 | 15,879 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 463,461 | $ | 388,988 | $ | 456,579 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||
Cash paid during the year for: | ||||||||||||
Interest | $ | 386,844 | $ | 432,382 | $ | 352,104 | ||||||
Income taxes paid, net | 90,183 | 4,509 | 82,861 | |||||||||
Shares of Saul Centers, Inc. common stock | — | 32,592 | 9,895 | |||||||||
Cash received during the year from: | ||||||||||||
Dividends on shares of Saul Centers, Inc. common stock | 9,350 | 8,649 | 7,588 | |||||||||
Distributions from Saul Holdings Limited Partnership | 8,230 | 7,530 | 7,233 | |||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of noncash activities: | ||||||||||||
Rollovers of notes payable - unsecured | — | — | 823 | |||||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale exchanged for trading securities | 304,228 | 567,903 | 222,742 | |||||||||
Loans receivable transferred to real estate acquired in settlement of loans | 138,840 | 18,603 | 4,653 | |||||||||
Loans receivable exchanged for mortgage-backed securities held-to-maturity | — | — | 486,010 | |||||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale transferred to loans receivable | 4,598 | 1,320,203 | — | |||||||||
Assumption of debt not included in cash paid for acquisition of property | — | — | 5,830 | |||||||||
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. | ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – TRUST: |
GENERAL
B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust operates as a Maryland real estate investment trust. The principal business activities of B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Trust” or “Total Company”) are the ownership of 80% of the outstanding common stock of Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B., whose assets accounted for 95% of the Trust’s consolidated assets as of September 30, 2008, and the ownership and development of income-producing properties. The properties are located predominantly in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States and consist principally of hotels, office projects, and undeveloped land parcels. Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. is a federally chartered and federally insured stock savings bank and, as such, is subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”) and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Bank is principally engaged in the business of attracting deposits from the public and using such deposits, together with borrowings and other funds, to make loans secured by real estate, primarily residential mortgage loans, and various types of consumer loans and leases and commercial loans. The Bank’s principal deposit market is the Washington, DC metropolitan area.
“Real Estate Trust” or “Real Estate” refers to B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. and its subsidiaries are referred to in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as “Banking” or the “Bank” or the “Corporations”. The accounting and reporting practices of the Trust conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and, as appropriate, predominant practices within the real estate and banking industries.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries. Accordingly, the accompanying financial statements reflect the assets, liabilities, operating results, and cash flows for two business segments: Real Estate and Banking. Entities in which the Trust holds a non-controlling interest (generally 50% or less) are accounted for on the equity method, see Note 2. All significant inter-company transactions, except as disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements, including inter-company office rental agreements, have been eliminated in consolidation. Tax sharing and dividend payments between the Real Estate Trust and the Bank are presented gross in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
ACCOUNTING FOR THE IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, the Trust recognizes an impairment loss.
Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets and identifiable intangibles that the Trust expects to hold and use is based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be disposed of are generally reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less the cost to sell.
INCOME TAXES
The Trust files a consolidated federal income tax return which includes operations of all 80% or more owned subsidiaries. It voluntarily terminated its qualification as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code during fiscal 1978.
The Trust uses an asset and liability approach in accounting for income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recorded using currently enacted tax laws and rates. To the extent that realization of deferred tax assets is more likely than not, no valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying value of the asset.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 is an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” and seeks to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of measurement and recognition in accounting for income taxes. In addition, FIN 48 requires expended disclosure with respect to the uncertainty in income taxes and is effective as of the beginning of the Trust’s current fiscal year. The Trust has evaluated the impact that FIN 48 has on the Trust’s financial statements, and as of October 1, 2007, has determined that the adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations. Further, as of September 30, 2008, the Trust had no material unrecognized tax benefits. The Real Estate Trust recognizes penalties and interest accrued to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as general and administrative expense, the Bank recognizes penalties and interest accrued to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as other operating expense. With certain exceptions, the Trust is no longer subject to U. S. federal, state and local tax examinations by tax authorities for fiscal years before September 30, 2004.
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Net income per common share is determined by dividing net income, after deducting preferred share dividend requirements, by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. For fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 weighted average number of shares used in the calculation was 4,807,510. The Trust has no common share equivalents.
RECLASSIFICATIONS
Certain reclassifications of prior periods’ information have been made to conform with the presentation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2008, to assure comparability of all periods presented.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Real Estate Trust considers all highly liquid, temporary investments with an original maturity of three months or less and money market accounts to be cash equivalents.
REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
Income-producing properties are stated at the lower of depreciated cost (except those which were acquired through foreclosure or equivalent proceedings, the carrying amounts of which are based on the lower of cost or fair value at the time of acquisition) or net realizable value.
The Real Estate Trust purchases real estate investment properties from time to time and allocates the purchase price to various components, such as land, buildings, personal property and intangibles related to in-place leases, customer or franchise relationships and other intangibles in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 141, “Business Combinations” and SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” The purchase price is allocated based on the relative fair value of each component. See Note 7 regarding the Real Estate Trusts purchase of an office building from the Bank.
The fair value of an office building is determined as if the building was vacant upon acquisition and subsequently leased at market rates. As such, the determination of fair value considers the present value of all cash flows to be generated from the property including the initial lease up period. The Real Estate Trust determines the fair value of above and below market intangibles associated with in-place leases by assessing the net effective rent and remaining term of the lease relative to market terms for similar leases at acquisition. In the case of below market leases, the Real Estate Trust considers the remaining contractual lease period and renewal periods, taking into consideration the likelihood of the tenant exercising its renewal options. The fair value of a below market lease component is recorded as deferred income and amortized as additional lease revenue over the remaining contractual lease period and any renewal options included in the valuation analysis. The fair value of above market lease intangibles is recorded as a deferred asset and is amortized as a reduction of lease revenue over the remaining contractual lease term. The Real Estate Trust determines the fair value of at-market in-place leases considering the cost of acquiring similar leases, foregone rents associated with the lease-up period and carrying costs associated with the lease-up period. Intangible assets associated with at-market in-place leases are amortized as additional lease expense over the remaining contractual lease term. To the extent customer relationship intangibles are present in an acquisition, the fair value of the intangibles are amortized over the life of the customer relationship.
The purchase price allocation for the acquisition of a hotel property is determined based on the relative fair vale of the components of the property, which include land, building, personal property, franchise relationships, brand names, any in-place leases and other intangibles. The valuation of the personal property is based on management’s evaluation of the value of such property. The personal property is amortized over its remaining estimated useful life. To the extent that franchise relationship, trade name or other intangibles are present in an acquisition, the fair value of the intangibles are amortized over their estimated useful life or evaluated for impairment under SFAS No. 142, if determined to have an indefinite life. An impairment charge on indefinite lived intangible assets is recognized if the fair value is less than the carrying amount. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, indefinite lived intangible assets totaled $9.0 million, equal to their fair value, and are included in Other Assets on the balance sheet.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Real estate investment properties, including properties under development and land held for future development, are reviewed for potential impairment losses quarterly or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Real Estate Trust has not recognized an impairment loss on any of its real estate.
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives of 28 to 50 years for buildings and up to 20 years for certain other improvements. Leasehold tenant improvements are amortized over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the lives of the related leases using the straight-line method. Leasehold tenant improvements are capitalized when certain criteria are met including when the Real Estate Trust supervises construction and will own the improvement at the end of the lease term.
Interest, real estate taxes and other carrying costs are capitalized on projects under development and construction. Once construction is substantially completed and the assets are placed in service, rental income, direct operating expenses, and depreciation associated with such properties are included in current operations. The Real Estate Trust considers a project to be substantially complete and held available for occupancy upon completion of tenant improvements, but no later than one year from the cessation of major construction activity. Substantially completed portions of a project are accounted for as separate projects. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to operations as incurred. Interest expense capitalized during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 totaled $2.8 million, $2.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS
Construction in progress includes preconstruction costs and development costs of active projects. Preconstruction costs associated with these active projects include legal, zoning and permitting costs and other project carrying costs incurred prior to the commencement of construction. Development costs include direct construction costs and indirect costs incurred subsequent to the start of construction such as architectural, engineering, construction management and carrying costs consisting of interest, real estate taxes and insurance. The Construction in Progress balances as of September 30, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
Construction in Progress
(In thousands)
September 30, 2008 | September 30, 2007 | |||||
Tysons Park Place II | $ | 77,629 | $ | 34,348 | ||
Circle 75 Townhomes | 14,303 | 18,525 | ||||
Circle 75 Infrastructure | — | 7,066 | ||||
Dulles Hampton Inn & Suites | — | 23,817 | ||||
$ | 91,932 | $ | 83,756 | |||
Construction of the Dulles Hampton Inn & Suites was substantially completed and the project was placed in service on October 18, 2007.
Construction of the Circle 75 Townhomes and Infrastructure were substantially complete as of January 1, 2008. Additional finishing costs will be incurred for the remaining townhomes upon execution of sales contracts.
The decrease in the Circle 75 Townhomes results from costs being expensed upon the sale of townhome units.
The decrease in the Circle 75 Infrastructure results from costs being reclassified to land parcels as development activities are complete.
INCOME RECOGNITION HOTEL AND OFFICE PORTFOLIO
The Real Estate Trust derives room and other revenues from the operations of its hotel properties. Hotel revenue is recognized as earned. The Real Estate Trust derives rental income under noncancelable long-term leases from tenants at its commercial properties. Commercial property rental income is recognized on a straight-line basis. Expense recoveries at the commercial properties represent a portion of property expenses billed to tenants, including real estate taxes and operating expense recoveries, many of which are subject to base year limits as defined in the applicable lease agreements. Expense recoveries are recognized in the period in which the related expenses are incurred.
INCOME RECOGNITION FROM THE SALE OF TOWNHOMES
The Real Estate Trust is engaged in the development, construction, marketing and sale of residential townhomes where the planned construction cycle is less than 12 months. For these townhomes, in accordance with SFAS No. 66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate” (“SFAS 66”), revenue is recognized and costs of sales are recorded when each townhome sale is closed and title is conveyed to the buyer, adequate cash payment is received and there is no continued involvement by the Real Estate Trust.
Cost of townhome sales are determined on an identified cost and relative sales value basis. Changes in estimates of expected sales or costs are accounted for prospectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ACCRUED INCOME
Accounts receivable and accrued income of approximately $18.2 million and $18.8 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, included in other assets in the financial statements, primarily represents amounts due from commercial property tenants in accordance with the terms of the respective leases and hotel property accounts based on contractual payment obligations. Receivables are reviewed monthly and reserves established with a charge to current period operations when, in the opinion of management, collection of the receivable is doubtful. Accounts receivable from commercial property tenants includes minimum rental income accrued on a straight-line basis to be paid by tenants over the remaining term of their respective leases.
INVESTMENT IN SAUL HOLDINGS AND SAUL CENTERS
The Real Estate Trust accounts for its investments in Saul Holdings Limited Partnership (“Saul Holdings”) and Saul Centers, Inc. (“Saul Centers”) on the equity method of accounting because the Trust does not have effective control of the respective entities.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following are the fair values of each class of financial instruments and the methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Notes Receivable – Related Party and Accounts Receivable
The carrying amount approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Liabilities
The fair value of mortgage notes payable is based on management’s estimate of current market rates for its debt. At September 30, 2008, and 2007, the fair value of mortgage notes payable was $562.1 and $582.2 million, respectively while the carrying amounts of the mortgage notes payable was $615.2 and $579.6 million, respectively. The fair value of notes payable—secured is based on management’s estimate of current market rates and conditions. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of notes payable—secured was $250.0 million. The carrying amount of notes payable – secured was $250.0 million for both periods.
LEGAL CONTINGENCIES
The Real Estate Trust is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. These matters are generally covered by insurance. While the resolution of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Real Estate Trust believes that final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position or results of operations. Once it has been determined that a loss is probable to occur, the estimated amount of the loss is recorded in the financial statements. Both the amount of the loss and the point at which its occurrence is considered probable can be difficult to determine.
RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS – REAL ESTATE TRUST
On December 4, 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (FAS No. 141 (R)”). FAS No. 141(R) will change the accounting for business combinations. Under FAS No. 141(R), an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. FAS No. 141(R) also includes a substantial number of new disclosure requirements. FAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to business combinations occurring during fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008, which for the Real Estate Trust begins with the fiscal year ending September 30, 2010. FAS No. 141(R) will impact the Real Estate Trust’s financial statements depending on the level of acquisition activity in fiscal 2010 and beyond.
3. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES – THE BANK: |
Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. is a federally chartered and federally insured stock savings bank and, as such, is subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift supervision (“OTS”) and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Chevy Chase Bank is principally engaged in the business of attracting deposits from the public and using such deposits, together with borrowings and other funds, to make loans secured by real estate, primarily residential mortgage loans, various types of other consumer loans and commercial loans. Chevy Chase Bank’s principal deposit markets are the Washington, DC and Baltimore, Maryland metropolitan areas.
Affiliation of Corporations and Basis of Presentation:
All of the outstanding common stock of the Bank is owned by affiliated entities, with the majority (80%) owned by the Trust.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Bank and all subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Use of Estimates:
The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities as of the date of the statements of financial condition and operations for the reporting period. The most critical estimates relate to the allowance for losses on loans, impairment of loans and other assets, fair values of loan interests sold and retained, and fair values of derivative financial instruments. Actual results could differ from estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents:
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits, federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell.
Federal Reserve Board regulations require the Bank to maintain reserves in the form of cash or deposits in its account at the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. The Bank’s average reserve requirements, before credit for vault cash, were $94.6 million, $88.9 million and $87.7 million during the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Loans Held for Securitization and/or Sale:
At September 30, 2008, loans held for securitization and/or sale were comprised of single-family residential loans totaling $58.1 million. At September 30, 2007, loans held for securitization and/or sale were comprised of single-family residential loans totaling $202.2 million and automobile loans totaling $108,000. These loans are originated or purchased for sale in the secondary market and are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or aggregate market value. Prior to 2008, the Bank periodically securitized and sold certain pools of loan receivables in the public and private markets in transactions that were recorded as sales. Single-family residential loans held for sale will either be sold or will be exchanged for mortgage-backed securities and then sold.
Gains and losses on sales of loans held for securitization and/or sale are determined using the specific identification method.
Investment and Mortgage-Backed Securities:
The Bank classifies its investment and mortgage-backed securities as either “held-to-maturity,” “available-for-sale” or “trading” at the time such securities are acquired. Investment and mortgage-backed securities classified as “held-to-maturity” are reported at amortized cost. Investment and mortgage-backed securities classified as “available-for-sale” are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Investment and mortgage-backed securities classified as “trading” are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. All investment securities and mortgage-backed securities are classified as held-to-maturity at September 30, 2008 and 2007. Premiums and discounts on investment securities and mortgage-backed securities are amortized or accreted using the level-yield method.
Trading Securities:
As part of its mortgage banking activities, the Bank exchanges certain loans held for sale for mortgage-backed securities and then sells the mortgage-backed securities, which are classified as trading securities, to third party investors in the month of issuance. Proceeds from sales of trading securities were $307.6 million, $568.9 million and $224.5 million during the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Bank realized net gains of $371,000, $1.0 million and $1.8 million on the sales of trading securities for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Gains and losses on sales of trading securities are determined using the specific identification method and are included in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There were no mortgage-backed securities classified as trading securities at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
Loan Origination and Commitment Fees:
Nonrefundable loan fees, such as origination and commitment fees, and incremental loan origination costs relating to loans originated or purchased, are deferred. Net deferred fees (costs) related to loans held for investment are amortized over the life of the loan using the straight-line method for line of credit loans and the level-yield method for all other loan types. Net fees (costs) related to loans held for sale are deferred until such time as the loan is sold, at which time the net deferred fees (costs) become a component of the gain or loss on sale.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Impaired Loans:
A loan is considered impaired when, based on all current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the agreement, including all scheduled principal and interest payments. Loans reviewed by the Bank for impairment include real estate and commercial loans and loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring. Large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that have not been modified in a troubled debt restructuring are collectively evaluated for impairment, which for the Bank include residential mortgage loans and other consumer loans. Impaired loans (including impaired residential mortgage loans) are measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or, as a practical expedient, impairment may be measured based on the loan’s observable market price, or, if the loan is collateral-dependent, the fair value of the collateral. When the measure of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the impairment is recorded through a valuation allowance. Loans for which foreclosure is probable continue to be classified as loans.
Each impaired real estate or commercial loan is evaluated individually to determine the income recognition policy. Generally, payments received are applied as a reduction of principal. Included in the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2008 is $61.4 million related to loans greater than 180 days delinquent. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had 419 impaired loans with an aggregate principal balance of $307.7 million, all of which were troubled debt restructurings. The Bank recorded a valuation allowance of $7.9 million related to impaired loans during fiscal year 2008. At September 2007, the Bank had no impaired loans. Average impaired loans totaled $70.7 million during the year ended September 30, 2008. The Bank recognized $2.5 million in interest income on a cash basis related to these loans in fiscal 2008. The Bank did not recognize any interest income on impaired loans during the years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
Allowance for Loan Losses:
The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the Bank’s loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date. The Bank’s methodology for assessing the appropriate level of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include the allocated allowance, specific allowances for identified problem loans and the unallocated allowance. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses using a variety of measures and tools including historical loss performance, delinquent status, current economic conditions, internal risk ratings and current underwriting policies and procedures.
The allocated allowance is assessed on both homogeneous and non-homogeneous loan portfolios. A range is calculated by applying loss and delinquency factors to the outstanding loan balances of these portfolios. Loss factors are based on an analysis of the historical performance of each loan category and an assessment of portfolio trends and conditions, as well as specific risk factors impacting the loan portfolios. Each homogeneous portfolio is evaluated collectively. In addition, at September 30, 2008, the Bank performed an individual analysis of the underlying collateral on all single-family loans that are delinquent more than two payments.
Non-homogeneous type loans, such as commercial banking loans and real estate banking loans, are analyzed and segregated by risk according to the Bank’s internal risk rating system. These loans are reviewed by the Bank’s credit and loan review groups on an individual loan basis to assign a risk rating. Industry loss factors are applied based on the risk rating assigned to the loan. A specific allowance may be assigned to individually identified non-homogeneous type loans that have been determined to be impaired. Any specific allowance considers all available evidence including, as appropriate, the present value of payments expected to be received, observable market price or, for loans that are solely dependent on collateral for repayment, the estimated fair value of the collateral.
The unallocated allowance is based upon management’s evaluation and judgment of various conditions that are not directly measured in the determination of the allocated and specific allowances. The conditions evaluated in connection with the unallocated allowance include existing general economic and business conditions affecting the key lending areas of the Bank, credit quality trends, collateral values, loan volumes and concentrations, seasoning of the loan portfolio, specific industry conditions within portfolio segments, recent loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, regulatory examination results and findings of the Bank’s internal credit evaluations. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, most of the unallocated allowance relates to risks inherent in the mortgage loan portfolio, including, for example, geographic concentration and increased delinquent and non-accrual loans.
The allowance for losses is based on estimates and ultimate losses may vary from current estimates. As adjustments to the allowance become necessary, provisions for losses are reported in operations in the periods they are determined to be necessary.
Accrued Interest Receivable on Loans:
Loans are reviewed on a monthly basis and are placed on non-accrual status when, in the opinion of management, the full collection of principal or interest has become unlikely (generally at 90 days delinquent). Uncollectible accrued interest receivable on non-accrual loans is charged against current period interest income. Loans on non-accrual status totaled $530.3 million and $87.1 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Real Estate Held for Sale:
Real estate held for sale, included in other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, consists of real estate acquired in settlement of loans (“REO”) and is carried at the lower of cost or fair value (less estimated selling costs). Costs relating to the development and improvement of property, including interest, are capitalized, whereas costs relating to the holding of property are expensed. REO totaled $92.0 million and $48.4 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Property and Equipment:
Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method, which allocates the cost of the applicable assets over their estimated useful lives as set forth in Note 18. Major improvements and alterations to office premises and leaseholds are capitalized. Leasehold and tenant improvements are amortized over the shorter of the terms of the respective leases (including renewal options that are expected to be exercised) or up to 40 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses as incurred.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets:
Goodwill is not amortized, but, instead, is periodically tested for impairment. An impairment loss on goodwill is recognized if the fair value is less than the carrying amount. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of the goodwill recorded on the Bank’s balance sheet exceeded its carrying value. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, goodwill totaled $43.2 million.
In July 2005, a subsidiary of the Bank purchased an investment management company and recorded goodwill of $5.9 million and a separately identified intangible asset of $1.1 million. The separately identified intangible asset is being amortized over its expected life. The subsidiary was required to pay an additional $750,000 of deferred purchase price during each of fiscal year 2007 and 2006, which was capitalized as goodwill.
In October 2005, another subsidiary of the Bank purchased an investment management company and recorded goodwill of $6.9 million and a separately identified intangible asset of $1.9 million. The intangible asset is being amortized over its expected life. The subsidiary was required to pay an additional $5.2 million of deferred purchase price during the fiscal year 2007 and will pay an additional $9.7 million of deferred purchase price in fiscal year 2009. The subsidiary could be required to pay an additional $9.1 million in fiscal year 2010, if certain contingencies are satisfied.
The premium attributable to the value of home equity relationships related to certain home equity loans purchased in fiscal 1999, amounting to $105,000 and $131,000, net, at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, is included in goodwill and other intangible assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. This premium is being amortized over the estimated term of the underlying relationships. The Bank did not purchase any home equity loans during fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Accumulated amortization of other intangible assets was $12.5 million and $12.1 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Servicing Assets:
Servicing assets are recorded when purchased and in conjunction with loan sale and securitization transactions. Prior to October 1, 2006, servicing assets were stated net of accumulated amortization and were amortized in proportion to the remaining net servicing revenues estimated to be generated by the underlying loans. Effective October 1, 2006, servicing assets are carried at their fair value.
The fair value of servicing assets is estimated using projected cash flows, adjusted for the effect of anticipated prepayments, and a market discount rate. See Note 16.
Interest-Only Strips Receivable:
The Bank accounts for its interest-only certificates and/or interest-only strips receivable (collectively, “interest-only assets”) as trading securities and, accordingly, carries them at fair value. The Bank uses certain assumptions to calculate the carrying values of the interest-only assets, mainly estimates of prepayment speeds, credit losses and interest rates, which are beyond the control of the Bank. To the extent actual results differ from the assumptions, the carrying values are adjusted accordingly. The fair value adjustments for interest-only assets are included in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income. A fair value write up of $119.5 million was recorded for the year ended September 30, 2008 due to lower estimated prepayment levels reflecting liquidity issues in the primary mortgage market. Fair value write downs of $8.9 million and $88.2 million were recorded in the years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The Bank did not capitalize any interest-only assets during the year ended September 30, 2008. Interest-only assets capitalized in the years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $100.3 million and $208.1 million, respectively, and were related to the securitization and sale of loan receivables. See Note 17.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Derivative Financial Instruments:
The Bank uses derivative financial instruments to reduce interest-rate risk with respect to its mortgage banking activities. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, all derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at their fair market value. See Note 29.
Marketing:
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. In August 2006, the Bank entered into a multi-year naming rights agreement with the University of Maryland. Under the agreement, the Bank has certain marketing rights, including the right to name the playing surface at Byrd Stadium “Chevy Chase Bank Field.” The net present value of the payments to be made to the university is being amortized to marketing expense over the life of the contract.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards:
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS 161”) effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. SFAS 161 amends SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” to improve the transparency of financial reporting for derivative and hedging activities. SFAS 161 requires disclosure of how derivative instruments affect an entity’s cash flows, financial performance and financial position. The Bank has determined that the adoption of SFAS 161 will require additional disclosures but will have no effect on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“SFAS 160”). SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. SFAS 160 establishes consistent accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling (or minority) interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Management does not expect the adoption of SFAS 160 to have a material impact on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, but early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, SFAS 159 allows entities to make a one-time irrevocable election to measure certain existing financial assets and liabilities at fair value and report the unrealized gains and losses on those items in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. When adopting SFAS 159, entities must also adopt SFAS 157. The Bank has not decided for which assets, if any, it will elect fair value treatment.
In September 2006, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) consensus 06-5, “Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance – Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in Accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin No. 85-4” (“EITF 06-5”). EITF 06-5 eliminates the diversity in policyholder calculations of the amount that would be realized under a life insurance contract if that contract were terminated. Under EITF 06-5, policyholders are required to recognize contract-based values at their net present value. EITF 06-5 was effective for the Bank on October 1, 2007. The impact of the adoption was $220,000 and was recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2007.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 eliminates the diversity in practice that exists due to the different definitions of fair value and the limited guidance for applying those definitions that are dispersed among the many accounting pronouncements that require fair value measurements. SFAS 157 clarifies the definition of fair value as an exit price and defines the exit price as the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell an asset or to settle a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Furthermore, SFAS 157 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between (i) market participant assumptions developed from independent and observable inputs and (ii) the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed from unobservable inputs. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Bank has not yet determined the impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 157 on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the requirements of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” relating to the recognition of income tax benefits. FIN 48 provides a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring tax benefits when realization of the benefits is uncertain. The first step is to determine whether the benefit meets the more-likely-than-not condition for recognition and the second step is to determine the amount to be recognized based on the cumulative probability that exceeds 50%. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 was effective for the Bank on October 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on the Bank’s financial condition or results of operations.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156, “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets” (“SFAS 156”). SFAS 156 amends SFAS 140 to require an entity (i) to initially measure all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities at fair value, if practicable; (ii) to separately present servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position; and (iii) to provide additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. In addition, SFAS 156 permitted an entity to irrevocably choose either the amortization method or the fair value measurement method for the subsequent measurement of each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. SFAS 156 was effective for the Bank on October 1, 2006. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 156 the Bank identified its mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) relating primarily to residential mortgage loans as a class of servicing rights and elected to apply fair value accounting to this class of MSRs. Presently, this class, which also includes servicing rights related to home equity and home improvement loans, represents all of the Bank’s MSRs.
The impact of the adoption, which represents the excess of the fair value over the carrying amount of the MSRs, net of any related valuation allowance, was $4.1 million, net of related income taxes, and was recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2006.
4. | LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
The Real Estate Trust’s cash flow from operating activities, excluding dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank, has been historically insufficient to meet all of its cash flow requirements. The Real Estate Trust’s internal sources of funds, primarily cash flow generated by its income-producing properties, generally have been sufficient to meet its cash needs other than the repayment of principal on outstanding debt, the payment of interest on its indebtedness, and the payment of capital improvement costs. The Real Estate Trust funds such shortfalls through a combination of external funding sources, primarily new financings, refinancing of maturing mortgage debt, proceeds from asset sales, dividends and distributions from Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Partnership and dividends and tax sharing payments from the Bank. Although cash flows from operating activities, exclusive of Bank dividends and tax sharing payments, have been positive during the prior two most recent fiscal years, for the foreseeable future, the Real Estate Trust’s ability to generate positive cash flow from operating activities and to meet its liquidity needs, including debt service payments, repayment of debt principal and capital expenditures, will continue to depend on these available external sources. Dividends received from the Bank are a component of funding sources available to the Real Estate Trust. The availability and amount of dividends in future periods is dependent upon, among other things, the Bank’s operating performance and income, and regulatory restrictions on such payments. Dividend and tax sharing payments received by the Real Estate Trust are presented as cash flows from operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
During fiscal 2007 and 2006, the Bank made dividend payments totaling $16.0 and $32.0 million to the Real Estate Trust. No dividend payments were made during fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Bank made net tax sharing payments totaling $2.0, $4.0 and $2.0 million to the Real Estate Trust.
In recent years the operations of the Real Estate Trust have generated net operating losses while the Bank has reported net income. The Trust’s consolidation of the Bank’s operations into the Trust’s federal income tax return has resulted in the use of the Real Estate Trust’s net operating losses to reduce the federal income taxes the Bank would otherwise have owed. If in any future year, the Bank has taxable losses or unused credits, the Real Estate Trust would be obligated to reimburse the Bank for the greater of (i) the tax benefit to the group using such tax losses or unused tax credits in the group’s consolidated federal income tax returns or (ii) the amount of the refund which the Bank would otherwise have been able to claim if it were not being included in the consolidated federal income tax return of the group.
5. | INVESTMENT IN SAUL CENTERS, INC. AND SAUL HOLDINGS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
During fiscal 2007 the Real Estate Trust purchased, through dividend reinvestment and on the open market, approximately 628,000 shares of common stock of Saul Centers, Inc. (“Saul Centers”) and as of September 30, 2008 and 2007 owned approximately 3,848,000 shares and 5,348,000 shares representing 21.6% and 30.2% of such company’s outstanding common stock, respectively. As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the market value of the total shares was approximately $194.5 million and $275.0 million, respectively. The majority of these shares have been pledged as collateral with the Real Estate Trust’s credit line banks. During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust, through an underwritten public offering, sold 1.5 million shares of Saul Centers common stock, realizing proceeds of approximately $67.0 million and a gain of approximately $30.4 million.
In fiscal 1993, the Real Estate Trust entered into a series of transactions in connection with the initial public offering of Saul Centers. The Real Estate Trust transferred its 22 shopping centers and one of its office properties together with the $196.0 million of mortgage debt and deferred interest associated with such properties, to a newly formed partnership, Saul Holdings Limited Partnership (“Saul Holdings Partnership”), in which as of September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust owns (directly or through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries) a 18.8% interest, other entities affiliated with the Real Estate Trust own a 4.5% interest, and Saul Centers owns a 76.7% interest. As of September 30, 2007 the Real Estate Trust owned (directly or through one of its wholly owned subsidiaries) a 18.9% interest, other entities affiliated with the Real Estate Trust owned a 4.5% interest and Saul Centers owned a 76.6% interest. Certain officers and trustees of the Trust are also officers and/or directors of Saul Centers. Under the Saul Holdings Partnership Agreement, the units are generally convertible on a one-for-one basis into common stock of Saul Centers. However, a portion of the limited partnership units were not convertible as of September 30, 2008 because the conversion would cause the Real Estate Trust and certain affiliates of the Trust to exceed the ownership limitation under our articles of incorporation, which
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restricts the amount of our equity they may constructively or beneficially own, denoted by reference to provisions of the Code. The Real Estate Trust shares in cash distributions from operations and from capital transactions involving the sale of properties. The partnership agreement of Saul Holdings Partnership provides for quarterly distributions to the partners out of net cash flow. During fiscal 2008, the Real Estate Trust received total cash distributions of $8.2 million from Saul Holdings Partnership which were all reinvested in common stock of Saul Centers. Substantially all of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership interest in Saul Holdings Partnership has been pledged as collateral with the Real Estate Trust’s credit line banks.
Pursuant to a reimbursement agreement among the partners of Saul Holdings Partnership and its subsidiary limited partnerships (collectively, the “Partnerships”), the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries that are partners in the Partnerships agreed to reimburse Saul Centers and the other partners in the event the Partnerships fail to make payments with respect to certain portions of the Partnerships’ debt obligations and Saul Centers or any such other partners personally make payments with respect to such debt obligations. At September 30, 2008, the maximum potential obligations of the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries under this agreement totaled approximately $90.0 million. The Real Estate Trust believes that Saul Holdings Partnership will be able to make all payments due with respect to its debt obligations.
The fair market value of each of the properties contributed to the Partnerships by the Real Estate Trust at the date of transfer (the FMV of each such property) exceeded the tax basis of such property (with respect to each property, such excess is referred to as the FMV-Tax Difference). In the event Saul Centers, as general partner of the Partnerships, causes the Partnerships to dispose of one or more of such properties, a disproportionately large share of the total gain for federal income tax purposes would be allocated to the Real Estate Trust or its subsidiaries. In general, if the gain recognized by the Partnerships on a property disposition is less than or equal to the FMV-Tax Difference for such property (as previously reduced by the amounts of special tax allocations of depreciation deductions to the partners), a gain equal to the FMV-Tax Difference (as adjusted) will be allocated to the Real Estate Trust. To the extent the gain recognized by the Partnerships on the property disposition exceeds the FMV-Tax Difference (as adjusted), such excess generally will be allocated among all the partners in Saul Holdings Partnership based on their relative percentage interests. In general, the amount of gain allocated to the Real Estate Trust in the event of such a property disposition is likely to exceed, perhaps substantially, the amount of cash, if any, distributable to the Real Estate Trust as a result of the property disposition. In addition, future reductions in the level of the Partnerships’ debt, or any release of the guarantees of such debt by the Real Estate Trust, could cause the Real Estate Trust to have taxable constructive distributions without the receipt of any corresponding amounts of cash. Currently, management does not intend to seek a release of or a reduction in the guarantees or to convert its limited partner units in Saul Holdings into shares of Saul Centers common stock.
At the date of transfer of the Real Estate Trust properties to Saul Holdings Partnership, liabilities exceeded assets transferred by approximately $104.3 million on an historical cost basis. The assets and liabilities were recorded by Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers at their historical cost rather than market value because of affiliated ownership and common management and because the assets and liabilities were the subject of the business combination between Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Partnership, newly formed entities with no prior operations.
The management of Saul Centers has adopted a strategy of maintaining a ratio of total debt to total asset value, as estimated by management, of fifty percent or less. The management of Saul Centers has concluded at September 30, 2008, that the total debt of Saul Centers remains below fifty percent of total asset value. The total asset value is determined by the management of Saul Centers as the aggregate fair value of the portfolio of properties by reference to the properties’ aggregate cash flow. As a result, the management of the Real Estate Trust has concluded that fundings under the reimbursement agreement are remote.
As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Real Estate Trust’s investment in the consolidated entities of Saul Centers, which is accounted for under the equity method, consisted of the following.
(In thousands) | September 30, 2008 | September 30, 2007 | ||||||
Saul Holdings Partnership: | ||||||||
Investment in partnership units | $ | 19,112 | $ | 19,112 | ||||
Distributions in excess of allocated net income | (25,754 | ) | (24,118 | ) | ||||
Saul Centers: | ||||||||
Investment in common shares | 152,574 | 151,438 | ||||||
Sale of common shares | (36,386 | ) | — | |||||
Distributions in excess of allocated net income | (23,642 | ) | (19,353 | ) | ||||
Total | $ | 85,904 | $ | 127,079 | ||||
The Trust’s investment in Saul Centers exceeded the underlying book value of the investment at the time of the purchases. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the cumulative excess (net of allocated costs for shares sold) totaled $95.1 and $132.1 million, respectively. This amount is being amortized over the estimated remaining useful life of the underlying real estate assets. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the unamortized balance was $76.3 and $116.4 million, respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the twelve months ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006 of Saul Centers follow.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
SAUL CENTERS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Real estate investments | $ | 1,010,357 | $ | 881,646 | ||||||||
Accumulated depreciation | (247,994 | ) | (229,055 | ) | ||||||||
Other assets | 93,277 | 72,432 | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 855,640 | $ | 725,023 | ||||||||
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity | ||||||||||||
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 567,680 | $ | 528,604 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 60,619 | 42,798 | ||||||||||
Total liabilities | 628,299 | 571,402 | ||||||||||
Minority Interests | 2,944 | 5,091 | ||||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 224,397 | 148,530 | ||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 855,640 | $ | 725,023 | ||||||||
SAUL CENTERS, INC. | ||||||||||||
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||||||
For the Twelve Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Revenue | ||||||||||||
Base rent | $ | 123,789 | $ | 116,911 | $ | 107,579 | ||||||
Other revenue | 34,795 | 30,767 | 27,329 | |||||||||
Total revenue | 158,584 | 147,678 | 134,908 | |||||||||
Expenses | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | 36,453 | 32,336 | 28,658 | |||||||||
Interest expense and amortization of debt expense | 34,616 | 33,414 | 31,894 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 29,407 | 25,885 | 25,128 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 12,256 | 11,013 | 10,015 | |||||||||
Total expenses | 112,732 | 102,648 | 95,695 | |||||||||
Operating income before minority interests and gain on sale of property | 45,852 | 45,030 | 39,213 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of property | 344 | — | — | |||||||||
Operating income before minority interests | 46,196 | 45,030 | 39,213 | |||||||||
Minority share of income | (8,037 | ) | (8,751 | ) | (7,507 | ) | ||||||
Net income | 38,159 | 36,279 | 31,706 | |||||||||
Preferred dividends | (11,668 | ) | (8,000 | ) | (8,000 | ) | ||||||
Net income available to common shareholders | $ | 26,491 | $ | 28,279 | $ | 23,706 | ||||||
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6. | REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
The following table summarizes the cost basis of income-producing properties and land parcels together with their related debt.
(Dollars in thousands) | No. | Land | Buildings and Improvements | Total | Related Debt (1) | |||||||||
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||
Income-producing properties | ||||||||||||||
Hotels | 19 | $ | 37,506 | $ | 386,496 | $ | 424,002 | $ | 314,310 | |||||
Office and industrial | 15 | 23,931 | 244,132 | 268,063 | 231,569 | |||||||||
Other | 2 | 1,128 | — | 1,128 | — | |||||||||
36 | $ | 62,565 | $ | 630,628 | $ | 693,193 | $ | 545,879 | ||||||
Land Parcels | 11 | $ | 51,204 | $ | — | $ | 51,204 | $ | — | |||||
Construction in Progress | 4 | $ | 2,004 | $ | 89,928 | $ | 91,932 | $ | 69,401 | |||||
(1) | Amount includes $615.2 million of mortgage notes payable and approximately $128 of capital leases. |
(Dollars in thousands) | No. | Land | Buildings and Improvements | Total | Related Debt (2) | |||||||||
September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||
Income-producing properties | ||||||||||||||
Hotels | 18 | $ | 36,758 | $ | 351,001 | $ | 387,759 | $ | 302,555 | |||||
Office and industrial | 15 | 23,931 | 241,720 | 265,651 | 237,044 | |||||||||
Other | 2 | 1,128 | — | 1,128 | — | |||||||||
35 | $ | 61,817 | $ | 592,721 | $ | 654,538 | $ | 539,599 | ||||||
Land Parcels | 11 | $ | 43,354 | $ | — | $ | 43,354 | $ | — | |||||
Construction in Progress | 4 | $ | 3,429 | $ | 80,327 | $ | 83,756 | $ | 40,406 | |||||
(2) | Amount includes $579.6 million of mortgage notes payable and approximately $366 of capital leases. |
On March 29, 2007, the Real Estate Trust acquired an approximately 178,000 square foot office building located in Bethesda, Maryland from the Bank for a purchase price of $46.0 million.
On March 24, 2006, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D. C. for $100.0 million.
On February 23, 2006, the sale of one of the Real Estate Trust’s other real estate assets located in Metairie, LA was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds of approximately $4.0 million resulting in a gain of approximately $2.9 million in fiscal 2006.
In February 2006, the Real Estate Trust was notified that a 3.71 acre parcel of land had been condemned by the Virginia Department of Transportation. Proceeds of approximately $708,000 were placed in escrow and received by the Real Estate Trust on August 8, 2006. An initial gain of $416,000 was recorded in fiscal 2006.
On January 19, 2006, the sale of a hotel property, which was the second of two hotel properties placed on the market during fiscal year 2005, was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds from the sale of approximately $5.5 million resulting in a gain of $2.2 million in fiscal 2006. The Real Estate Trust financed an additional $500,000 through the issuance of a note by the purchaser.
On December 16, 2005, the sale of a hotel property, which was one of two hotel properties placed on the market during fiscal year 2005, was finalized and the Real Estate Trust received proceeds from the sale of approximately $7.9 million resulting in a gain of $1.3 million in fiscal 2006.
On November 1, 2005, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 137 room hotel property located in Fairfax County, Virginia for a purchase price of approximately $12.7 million, which included the assumption of a mortgage note of $5.8 million.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
7. | REAL ESTATE ACQUIRED – OPERATING PROPERTIES – REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
On March 29, 2007, the Real Estate Trust acquired an approximately 178,000 square foot office building located in Bethesda, Maryland from the Bank for a purchase price of $46.0 million. The acquisition was funded by the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities and with cash on hand. A $37.0 million mortgage note was placed on this property on June 21, 2007. The purchase price for the acquisition was established using an independent appraisal. The Bank realized an after tax gain totaling $9.6 million on the sale. The gain was eliminated in consolidation and the Real Estate Trust has recorded this office building using the Bank’s basis. The results of operations of the office building were included in the Real Estate section of the consolidated statements of operations beginning April 1, 2007.
On March 24, 2006, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D.C. for a purchase price of approximately $100.0 million. The Real Estate Trust accounted for the acquisition in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” The Real Estate Trust allocates the purchase price to various components, such as land, building, personal property and certain marketing related, customer related and franchise related intangibles, if applicable, as described in Note 2. Of the total cost $9.0 million has been allocated to intangible assets, included in Other Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, $4.1 million has been allocated to personal property and the remainder allocated to land and building which are included in Hotel Real Estate on the consolidated balance sheet. The results of operations of the acquired hotel were included in the consolidated statements of operations as of the acquisition date.
On November 1, 2005, the Real Estate Trust acquired a 137 room hotel property located in Fairfax County, Virginia for a purchase price of approximately $12.7 million, which included the assumption of a mortgage note of $5.8 million, see Note 10. The Real Estate Trust accounted for the acquisition in accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” A total of $317,000 of the total cost was allocated as personal property and is included in hotel real estate assets. The personal property assets are being amortized over their estimated remaining useful life, a weighted average term of 2.0 years. There were no above or below market lease intangibles or any value assigned to customer or franchise relationships. The results of operations of the acquired hotel were included in the consolidated statements of operations as of the acquisition date.
As of September 30, 2008 and 2007 the gross carrying amount of the lease intangible assets included in lease acquisition costs was $150,000 in each period and accumulated amortization was $148,000 and $135,000, respectively. Total amortization of this asset was $12,000, $34,000 and $76,000 for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of September 30, 2008 and 2007 the gross carrying amount of the below market lease intangibles included in other liabilities and accrued expenses was $266,000 in each period and accumulated amortization was $265,000 and $253,000, respectively. Total amortization of this liability was $12,000, $50,000 and $153,000 for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
8. | REAL ESTATE SOLD/DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS – REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
Land Parcels:
On June 22, 2007 the Real Estate Trust was notified that its appeal regarding additional proceeds from a February 2006 condemnation of a 3.71 acre parcel had been approved by the Loudoun County Circuit Court. Additional proceeds of $325,000 were received on July 10, 2007 and the remainder of the gain was recorded in fiscal 2007. The initial proceeds of approximately $708,000 were originally placed in escrow then received by the Real Estate Trust on August 8, 2006. An initial gain of $416,000 was recorded in fiscal 2006.
On November 22, 2006, the Real Estate Trust received additional proceeds of approximately $1.6 million as final settlement of the February 2004 condemnation of 7.93 acres of land by the Commonwealth of Virginia. The proceeds of $1.6 million include approximately $300,000 in interest income and $8,000 of cost reimbursements. The Real Estate Trust recorded the final gain of approximately $1.2 million, net of approximately $400,000 of related expenses during fiscal 2007. The initial gain on this condemnation of $2.7 million was recorded in fiscal 2004.
Operating Properties:
Included in income from operations of discontinued real estate assets for fiscal 2006 are two hotel properties and two other real estate property assets. The sales of the hotel properties closed in December 2005 and January 2006, respectively. The sales of the other real estate assets closed in February 2006 and January 2005. There was no income from operations of discontinued real estate assets during fiscal 2008 or 2007.
The Real Estate Trust makes the determination to sell a property when it no longer meets its investment criteria. The Real Estate Trust determines if the assets meet the held for sale criteria in accordance with FASB No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” Accordingly, the Real Estate Trust compares the carrying value of these assets to their estimated fair value, less cost to sell, to determine if the assets were impaired. No impairment charges have been recorded. There were no assets held for sale at September 30, 2008 or September 30, 2007.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Income from operations of discontinued real estate assets totaled $4.2 million in fiscal 2006. Net operating results for the two hotel properties for fiscal 2006 produced income from operations of discontinued real estate assets of approximately $1.3 million, which includes a combined gain on sale of approximately $3.4 million, and a loss from operations of discontinued real estate assets of $2.1 million. Included in the loss from operations is $1.8 million of costs associated with the defeasance of a mortgage which secured one of the hotel properties. Also included in income from operations of discontinued real estate assets in fiscal 2006 is a gain on the sale of one of the Real Estate Trust’s other real estate assets of $2.9 million and income from operations of the other real estate asset of approximately $47,000. This asset was sold in February 2006.
9. | DEBT—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
Mortgage notes payable:
Mortgage notes payable are secured by various income-producing properties, land parcels, and properties under construction. Almost all mortgage notes are payable in monthly installments, have maturity dates ranging to 2021 and accrue interest at annual rates from 5.3% to 9.1%. Certain mortgages contain a number of restrictions, including cross default provisions.
The Real Estate Trust has a $105.0 million construction/permanent loan for its Tysons Park Place II development. The loan is for a term of 14.5 years and bears interest at 6.28%. Interest only will be payable for the initial three years, thereafter monthly interest and principal will be payable based on a 30 year amortization period. The loan will be used to fund the majority of the construction costs for the Tysons Park Place II development. The Real Estate Trust received loan draws of $42.7 million during fiscal 2008, bringing the balance outstanding under this loan at September 30, 2008 to $69.4 million.
On July 24, 2008, the Real Estate Trust closed on an $8.0 million mortgage note secured by an office building located in Atlanta, Georgia. The note, which is due August 1, 2018, bears interest at 6.57% and requires monthly principal and interest payments of $50,934 with a balloon payment of $6.8 million due at maturity. The proceeds from the financing, along with approximately $2.2 million drawn from the revolving credit facilities were used to pay off the properties existing $10.1 million mortgage loan.
On April 4, 2008, the Real Estate Trust closed on a $16.0 million mortgage note secured by the Dulles Hampton Inn & Suites. The note, which is due on April 15, 2023 bears interest at 6.5% and requires monthly interest only payments for the initial twelve months. Beginning in year two, monthly principal and interest payments of $108,034 are required with a balloon payment of $10.3 million due at maturity. The proceeds from the financing, along with approximately $4.7 million drawn from the revolving credit facilities were used to pay off the properties outstanding $20.3 million construction loan which was used to finance the construction of the hotel.
On June 21, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed a $37.0 million mortgage note on the office building located in Bethesda, Maryland which was purchased on March 29, 2007. The note, which is due on July 1, 2022, bears interest at 5.73% and requires monthly principal and interest payments of $232,322 with a balloon payment of $21.4 million due at maturity. The proceeds from the financing were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities.
On May 18, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed a $21.4 million mortgage note on the newly constructed SpringHill Suites Hotel located in Loudoun County, Virginia. The note, which is due on June 1, 2017, bears interest at 5.77% and requires monthly principal and interest payments of $134,678 with a balloon payment of $16.5 million due at maturity. A portion of the proceeds from the financing were used to repay and retire the $14.9 million interest only construction loan on the property which was obtained on May 2006, the remainder of the proceeds were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s revolving credit facilities.
On January 31, 2007, the Real Estate Trust placed an $8.5 million mortgage note on an industrial property located in Northern Virginia. The note, which is due on April 11, 2017, bears interest at 5.55% and requires monthly interest only payments for the initial five years. Beginning in year six, monthly principal and interest payments of $48,529 are required with a balloon payment of $7.9 million due at maturity. The majority of the proceeds from the refinancing were used to repay a $5.7 million variable rate construction loan which was secured by the subject property.
On October 19, 2006, amendments were executed for two of the Real Estate Trust’s mortgage notes, both of which were held by the same lender and both closed in fiscal 2006. The balance of the mortgage note secured by the 145 room historic hotel was increased by $10.0 million to $75.0 million with the interest rate remaining at 6.199%. A corresponding $10.0 million reduction to the mortgage note secured by a hotel property in Loudoun County, Virginia was made to reduce this note to $34.8 million. The rate on this loan was reduced by approximately 3 basis points from 6.1010% to 6.0714% which maintains the Real Estate Trust’s annual interest expense on the two loans.
On June 16, 2006, the Real Estate Trust placed a $31.2 million mortgage note on an office property located in Atlanta, Georgia. The note, which is due on July 1, 2021, bears interest at 6.353% and requires monthly interest only payments for the initial three years. Beginning in year four, monthly principal and interest payments of $194,000 are required with a balloon payment of $25.6 million due at maturity. The proceeds from the financing were used to fund development projects and general corporate purposes.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
On May 26, 2006, the Real Estate Trust closed two mortgage financings, a $44.8 million mortgage note secured by a hotel property located in Loudoun County, Virginia and a $22.2 million mortgage note, also secured by a hotel property located in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The $44.8 million note, which is due on June 1, 2016, bears interest at 6.101% and requires monthly interest only payments for the initial three years. Beginning in year four, monthly principal and interest payments of $272,000 are required with a balloon payment of $40.8 million due at maturity. The $22.2 million note, which is due on June 1, 2018, bears interest at 6.258% and requires interest only payments for the initial three years. Beginning in year four, monthly principal and interest payments of $137,000 are required with a balloon payment of $19.5 million due at maturity. The proceeds from these financings were used to pay down the Real Estate Trust’s line of credit borrowing, fund development projects and for general corporate purposes.
On May 23, 2006, the Real Estate Trust placed a $40.0 million mortgage note on a hotel property located in McLean, Virginia. The note, which is due on May 1, 2021, bears interest at 6.1% and requires monthly principal and interest payments of $260,000 with a balloon payment of $23.7 million due at maturity. The proceeds from the financing were used to repay the bridge loan, which financed the purchase of the 145 room historic hotel, and pay down the Real Estate Trust’s line of credit borrowings.
On April 21, 2006, the Real Estate Trust closed on a $65.0 million mortgage note secured by the 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D.C., which was purchased on March 24, 2006. The note, which is due on May 1, 2021, bears interest at 6.199% and requires interest only payments for the initial five years. Beginning in year six, monthly principal and interest payments of $398,000 are required with a balloon payment of $55.1 million due at maturity. $61.0 million of the proceeds from the financing were used to pay down a portion of the bridge loan.
On March 24, 2006, the Real Estate Trust financed the $100.0 million purchase of the 145 room historic hotel located in Washington, D. C. with an unsecured bridge loan of $86.2 million and cash on hand for the balance. The loan had a six month term with five six-month extension options. The loan was an interest only loan and bore interest at LIBOR plus 175 basis points. The loan was repaid in full from proceeds of permanent financings on May 24, 2006.
On December 29, 2005, the Real Estate Trust placed a $9.5 million mortgage note on the hotel property that was acquired on November 1, 2005. The note, which is due on January 1, 2016, bears interest at 5.92%. Monthly principal and interest payments, based on a 25 year amortization schedule, of $60,745 are required with a balloon payment of $7.4 million due at maturity.
On December 2, 2005, the Real Estate Trust refinanced one of six properties that were secured by an approximately $88.0 million portfolio mortgage note which was due on March 31, 2006. The property was refinanced with a new 10 year mortgage note of $76.0 million. The proceeds from this refinancing, along with available cash and line of credit borrowings were used to repay the portfolio loan. The loan, which is due on January 11, 2016, bears interest at 5.3% and requires interest only payments for the initial five years. Beginning in year six, monthly principal and interest payments of $422,000 are required with a balloon payment of $70.3 million due at maturity.
Notes payable – secured:
On February 25, 2004, the Real Estate Trust issued, in a private offering, $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Senior Secured Notes due 2014 (the “2004 Notes”). A substantial portion of the net proceeds of the offering were used to redeem $200.0 million of Senior Secured Notes issued in 1998 (the “1998 Notes), including accrued interest through March 31, 2004, and pay a redemption premium for early redemption of the notes of $6.5 million. These funds, totaling $216.25 million, which were escrowed at closing, were paid out on April 1, 2004. The Trust received approximately $28.1 million in proceeds from this offering after the redemption of the 1998 Notes, including accrued interest, the early redemption premium and after deducting costs associated with the offering. The 2004 Notes are nonrecourse obligations of the Real Estate Trust and are secured by a first priority perfected security interest in all of the common stock of the Bank held by the Real Estate Trust. The Real Estate Trust used the net proceeds to fund renovation and construction activities as well as for general corporate purposes.
Notes payable – unsecured:
Notes payable—unsecured includes notes which have been sold by the Real Estate Trust directly to investors at varying interest rates with maturities of one to ten years. These notes do not contain any provisions for conversion, sinking fund or amortization, but are subject to a provision permitting the Real Estate Trust to call them prior to maturity as long as the notes have been outstanding for over one year. On June 19, 2006 the Real Estate Trust terminated its public offering of these notes and subsequently withdrew the registration of the un-issued notes. Consistent with the terms of the notes, during the year ended September 30, 2006, the Real Estate Trust called $29.6 million of the outstanding notes for prepayment, of which $19.1 million were outstanding at September 30, 2006 and were prepaid during the first quarter of fiscal 2007. The remaining $2.3 million of uncalled unsecured notes matured during the first quarter of fiscal 2007. As of the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2007 all of the unsecured notes outstanding as of September 30, 2006 were repaid. There were no unsecured notes outstanding as of September 30, 2008 or 2007.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Credit facilities:
The Real Estate Trust has a $75.0 million secured revolving credit line with an unrelated bank that matures on January 31, 2010, with provisions for extending the term for an additional year. This facility is secured by a portion of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership in Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers. Interest is computed by reference to a floating rate index with the current interest rate spread at 150 basis points over the index. At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust had no outstanding borrowings and unrestricted availability of $75.0 million.
The Real Estate Trust has an additional $75.0 million revolving credit line with an unrelated bank that matures on June 30, 2010, with provisions for extending the term for an additional year. This facility is also secured by a portion of the Real Estate Trust’s ownership in Saul Holdings Partnership and Saul Centers. Interest is computed by reference to a floating rate index with the current interest rate spread at 150 basis points over the index. At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust had $15.0 million in outstanding borrowings and unrestricted availability of $55.0 million. The Real Estate Trust was issued a $6.0 million letter of credit, which was reduced to $5.0 million during fiscal 2008, for the benefit of a mortgage lender as part of one of the mortgage financings completed during the quarter ended June 30, 2006. The letter of credit will continue to be reduced annually based on the amount of capital expended at the subject property. The letter of credit reduces the availability under the revolving credit facility.
At September 30, 2008 and 2007 the Real Estate Trust was in compliance with its debt covenants.
The maturity schedule for the Real Estate Trust’s outstanding debt, including mortgage notes payable for real estate held for sale, at September 30, 2007 for the fiscal years commencing October 1, 2007 is set forth in the following table:
Debt Maturity Schedule
(In thousands)
Fiscal Year | Mortgage Notes | Notes Payable—Secured | Total | ||||||
2009 | $ | 7,844 | $ | — | $ | 7,844 | |||
2010 | 13,472 | 15,000 | 28,472 | ||||||
2011 | 24,105 | — | 24,105 | ||||||
2012 | 18,139 | — | 18,139 | ||||||
2013 | 72,746 | — | 72,746 | ||||||
Thereafter (1) | 478,846 | 250,000 | 728,846 | ||||||
Total | $ | 615,152 | $ | 265,000 | $ | 880,152 | |||
(1) | Includes 100%, $69.4 million, of the Tysons Park Place II construction/permanent loan balance drawn to date. |
Of the $615.2 million of mortgage notes outstanding at September 30, 2008, $545.8 million was non-recourse to the Real Estate Trust.
10. | EXTINGUISHMENT OF LIABILITIES – REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
On January 19, 2006, the Real Estate Trust deposited cash of approximately $7.6 million into an escrow fund with which United States government securities were purchased to complete a partial defeasance of a mortgage loan made to the Real Estate Trust. The defeased portion of the loan encumbered the hotel property which was sold January 19, 2006. The defeasance was funded by available cash and line of credit borrowings. The government securities became the replacement collateral for the loan securing the hotel, and became the sole source of payment for the $5.8 million loan. As a result of the transaction, the principal amount owed by the Real Estate Trust was reduced by $5.8 million, with corresponding reductions in the principal and interest payments to be made to maturity. The Real Estate Trust incurred defeasance charges of approximately $1.8 million, including a prepayment premium of $1.7 million. The escrow fund is maintained by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Securities Intermediary and Custodian, and the Real Estate Trust is no longer the primary obligor with respect to the defeased loan.
In connection with the hotel asset acquired on November 1, 2005 (see Note 7) the Real Estate Trust, on December 21, 2005, defeased the loan that was assumed with the acquisition of the hotel property. The Real Estate Trust paid $6.6 million into an escrow fund with which United States government securities were purchased. The defeasance was funded by available cash and line of credit borrowings. The government securities became replacement collateral for the loan securing the hotel, and became the sole source of payment of the $5.8 million loan. As a result of the transaction the Real Estate Trust is no longer the primary obligor with respect to this loan. The escrow fund is maintained by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Securities Intermediary and Custodian. The $5.8 million defeased loan was accounted for as if it were extinguished in December 2005. The Real Estate Trust incurred defeasance charges of approximately $900,000, including a prepayment premium of $829,000.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
11. | INCOME FROM COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
Income from commercial properties includes minimum rent arising from non-cancelable commercial leases. Minimum rent for fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 amounted to $39.3, $37.4 and $35.2 million, respectively. Future minimum rentals as of September 30, 2008 under non-cancelable leases are as follows:
Fiscal Year | (In thousands) | ||
2009 | $ | 39,152 | |
2010 | 32,607 | ||
2011 | 27,119 | ||
2012 | 19,648 | ||
2013 | 10,947 | ||
Thereafter | 36,385 | ||
Total | $ | 165,858 | |
12. | TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
TRANSACTIONS WITH B. F. SAUL COMPANY AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
In fiscal 2005, the Real Estate Trust was managed by B. F. Saul Advisory Company, L.L.C., (the “Advisor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of B. F. Saul Company (“Saul Co.”). On October 1, 2005, the Advisor’s obligations under the advisory agreement were assigned to Saul Co. and thus, in fiscal years 2006 and 2007, the Real Estate Trust was managed by Saul Co. pursuant to an advisory agreement that continues year to year unless cancelled by either party at the end of any contract year. All of the Real Estate Trust officers and four Trustees of the Trust are also officers and/or directors of Saul Co. The Advisor was and Saul Co. is paid a fixed monthly fee which is subject to annual review by the Trustees. The average monthly fee was $624,000 during fiscal 2008, $602,000 during fiscal 2007, and $560,000 during fiscal 2006.
Saul Co. and B.F. Saul Property Company (“Saul Property Co.”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Saul Co., provide services to the Real Estate Trust through commercial property management and leasing, hotel management, development and construction management, and acquisitions, sales and financings of real property agreements. Fees paid to Saul Co. and Saul Property Co. amounted to $12.9, $14.7 and $13.0 million in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, related to these services.
The Real Estate Trust reimburses Saul Co. and Saul Property Co. for costs and expenses incurred on behalf of the Real Estate Trust, in-house legal expenses, and for all travel expenses incurred in connection with the affairs of the Real Estate Trust.
In fiscal 2005, the Real Estate Trust paid the Advisor fees equal to 2% of the principal amount of the unsecured notes as they are issued to offset its costs of administering the program. On October 1, 2005, in conjunction with the Real Estate Trust’s decision to discontinue the public sale of unsecured notes, the fee agreement was modified whereas the fee to Saul Co. for any calendar month that the Real Estate Trust did not issue notes under the program was to be $7,500 for such month. These payments amounted to $23,000, $90,000 and $111,000 in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. No unsecured notes were sold in fiscals 2006, 2007 or 2008, and all notes were repaid as of September 30, 2008.
A subsidiary of Saul Co. is a general insurance agency which receives commissions and countersignature fees in connection with the Real Estate Trust’s insurance program. Such commissions and fees amounted to approximately $389,000, $391,000 and $311,000 in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Under an existing unsecured note receivable from Saul Co., which was modified and amended on October 1, 2005, not to exceed $30.0 million, the Real Estate Trust received net repayments of $5.4 million during fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2007 net repayments totaled $4.9 million. At September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, the note balance totaled zero and $5.4 million, respectively. Interest is computed on the note at 200 basis points over a floating rate index. Interest earned on the note amounted to $123,000, $532,000 and $959,000 during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The note is due and payable on September 30, 2015.
TRANSACTIONS WITH CHEVY CHASE BANK AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
On March 29, 2007, the Real Estate Trust closed on a $46.0 million purchase of an office building from the Bank located in Bethesda, MD. The purchase price of the acquisition was established using an independent appraisal. The Bank realized a gain totaling $9.6 million on the sale. The gain is eliminated in consolidation and the Real Estate Trust has recorded this office building using the Bank’s carryover basis.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
REMUNERATION OF TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
For fiscal years 2008, 2007, and 2006, the Real Estate Trust paid the Trustees approximately $94,000, $95,000 and $94,000, respectively, for their services. Two of the Trustees have historically elected to defer the receipt of their fees. Interest is accrued on these deferred fees at the two year treasury rate, adjusted quarterly. Deferred fees totaled $30,000 per year in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006. Interest accrued on the deferred balances totaled $13,000, $21,000 and $20,000 for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the payable due to the Trustees, included in Other liabilities and accrued expenses on the Balance Sheet, totaled $525,000 and $483,000, respectively. These funds are available to the Trustees upon their request. No compensation was paid to the officers of the Real Estate Trust for acting as such; however, one Trustee was paid by the Bank for his services as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank, and four others received payments for their services as directors of the Bank. Four of the Trustees and all of the officers of the Real Estate Trust receive compensation from Saul Co. as directors and/or officers.
SAUL HOLDINGS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AND SAUL CENTERS, INC.
The Real Estate Trust accounts for these investments under the equity method. The Real Estate Trust’s share of earnings for fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $11.7, $12.5 and $10.6 million, respectively, see Note 5.
OTHER TRANSACTIONS
The Real Estate Trust leases space to the Bank and Saul Property Co. at several of its income-producing properties. Minimum rents and expense recoveries paid by these affiliates amounted to approximately $6.5, $6.2 and $5.8 million in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
13. | INVESTMENT AND MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES – THE BANK: |
At September 30, 2008 and 2007, investment securities are comprised of U.S. Government and agency debt securities and are classified as held-to-maturity. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, all mortgage-backed securities are also classified as held-to-maturity. Gross unrealized holding gains and losses on the Bank’s U.S. Government and mortgage-backed securities are as follows:
(In thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Holding Gains | Gross Unrealized Holding Losses | Aggregate Fair Value | ||||||||
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Investment securities: | ||||||||||||
Original maturity after one year, but within five years | $ | 318,392 | $ | 3,932 | $ | — | $ | 322,324 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities: | ||||||||||||
FNMA | 257,787 | 623 | 333 | 258,077 | ||||||||
FHLMC | 808,769 | 2,309 | 2,040 | 809,038 | ||||||||
CMBS | 12,033 | — | 725 | 11,308 | ||||||||
Non-agency, AAA rated | 140,557 | — | — | 140,557 | ||||||||
Non-agency, other investment grade | 29,616 | — | 1,254 | 28,362 | ||||||||
Non-agency, non-investment grade | 2,749 | — | 1,612 | 1,137 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 1,569,903 | $ | 6,864 | $ | 5,965 | $ | 1,570,803 | ||||
(In thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Holding Gains | Gross Unrealized Holding Losses | Aggregate Fair Value | ||||||||
September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Investment securities: | ||||||||||||
Original maturity after one year, but within five years | $ | 210,363 | $ | 1,382 | $ | — | $ | 211,745 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities: | ||||||||||||
FNMA | 162,491 | 230 | 1,083 | 161,638 | ||||||||
FHLMC | 708,667 | 115 | 7,185 | 701,597 | ||||||||
Non-agency, AAA rated | 163,990 | — | 3,608 | 160,382 | ||||||||
Non-agency, other investment grade | 18,285 | — | 1,478 | 16,807 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 1,263,796 | $ | 1,727 | $ | 13,354 | $ | 1,252,169 | ||||
During the years ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 the Bank sold mortgage-backed securities totaling $6.7 million and $70.1 million, respectively. There were no sales of investment securities or mortgage-backed securities during the year ended September 30, 2006.
The tables above show that some of the securities in the held-to-maturity investment portfolio have unrealized losses, or were temporarily impaired, as of September 30, 2008 and 2007. This temporary impairment represents the amount of loss that would be realized if the securities were sold at the valuation date, and occurs as a result of changes in overall yields and/or credit spreads between the date the asset was acquired and the valuation date. The unrealized losses associated with U.S. Government debt, agency debt and mortgage-backed securities are not considered to be other than temporary because they relate to changes in interest rates and do not affect the expected cash flows of the securities. Securities which were temporarily impaired at September 30, 2008 and 2007 are shown below, along with the length of the impairment period. During the year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank recognized other than temporary impairment of $2.7 million related to certain mortgage- and asset-backed securities which is included as a reduction to other income on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
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September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months | 12 months or longer | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||
U.S. government securities | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||
Agency debt securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Municipal bonds | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage backed securities | 11,307 | (725 | ) | — | — | 11,307 | (725 | ) | |||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 474,365 | (4,269 | ) | 4,175 | (1,970 | ) | 478,540 | (6,239 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired securities | $ | 485,672 | $ | (4,994 | ) | $ | 4,175 | $ | (1,970 | ) | $ | 489,847 | $ | (6,964 | ) | ||||||
September 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 12 months | 12 months or longer | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||
U.S. government securities | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||
Agency debt securities | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Municipal bonds | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 465,404 | 3,575 | 330,884 | 4,692 | 796,288 | 8,268 | |||||||||||||||
Total temporarily impaired Securities | $ | 465,404 | $ | 3,575 | $ | 330,884 | $ | 4,692 | $ | 796,288 | $ | 8,268 | |||||||||
Estimated maturities of the Bank’s mortgage-backed securities at September 30, 2008 are as follows:
(In thousands) | |||
Due within one year | $ | 22,398 | |
Due after one year, but within five years | 106,635 | ||
Due after five years, but within ten years | 152,134 | ||
Due after ten years | 970,344 | ||
Total | $ | 1,251,511 | |
Accrued interest receivable on investment and mortgage-backed securities totaled $3.3 million and $7.6 million at September 30, 2008, respectively, and $3.8 million and $6.1 million at September 30, 2007, respectively, and is included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
14. | LOANS RECEIVABLE – THE BANK: |
Loans receivable is composed of the following:
September 30, | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Single-family residential | $ | 8,155,446 | $ | 8,044,052 | ||||
Home equity | 1,458,430 | 1,583,170 | ||||||
Single-family / construction to permanent | 357,876 | 457,446 | ||||||
Other real estate | 644,274 | 357,265 | ||||||
Commercial | 830,846 | 935,999 | ||||||
Automobile | 257,541 | 128,823 | ||||||
Other consumer | 45,879 | 43,818 | ||||||
11,750,292 | 11,550,573 | |||||||
Unearned discounts and net deferred loan origination costs | 109,470 | 116,216 | ||||||
Allowance for losses on loans | (278,904 | ) | (29,000 | ) | ||||
(169,434 | ) | 87,216 | ||||||
Total | $ | 11,580,858 | $ | 11,637,789 | ||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The Bank serviced loans owned by others amounting to $12,347.5 million and $13,131.3 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Cumulative deferred interest totaled $156.3 million and $93.3 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The following table summarizes deferred interest activity:
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 93,320 | $ | 32,797 | ||||
Additions | 89,964 | 93,405 | ||||||
Sales | — | (11,480 | ) | |||||
Repayments | (5,153 | ) | (2,054 | ) | ||||
Transfers to REO | (3,669 | ) | (48 | ) | ||||
Payoffs | (18,127 | ) | (19,300 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 156,335 | $ | 93,320 | ||||
Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $48.3 million and $63.6 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and is included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
15. | ALLOWANCE FOR LOSSES – THE BANK: |
Activity in the allowance for losses on loans receivable is summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Beginning Balance | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | $ | 28,640 | ||||||
Provision (credit) for losses | 318,519 | 3,383 | (9,004 | ) | ||||||||
Charge-offs | (72,465 | ) | (7,587 | ) | (6,549 | ) | ||||||
Recoveries | 3,850 | 8,204 | 11,913 | |||||||||
Ending Balance | $ | 278,904 | $ | 29,000 | $ | 25,000 | ||||||
16. | LOAN SERVICING RIGHTS – THE BANK: |
Servicing assets are recorded when purchased and in conjunction with loan sales and securitization transactions when servicing rights are retained by the Bank. Activity in servicing assets is summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Beginning Balance | $ | 155,680 | $ | 168,059 | (1) | $ | 201,156 | |||||
Additions | 15,784 | 57,874 | 89,527 | |||||||||
Amortization | — | — | (83,428 | ) | ||||||||
Accretion | 17,250 | 16,297 | — | |||||||||
Cash collected | (50,766 | ) | (86,915 | ) | — | |||||||
Net fair value adjustment | 14,918 | 365 | — | |||||||||
Ending Balance | 152,886 | 155,680 | 207,255 | |||||||||
Valuation Allowance | — | — | (39,196 | ) | ||||||||
Carrying Value | $ | 152,866 | $ | 155,680 | $ | 168,059 | ||||||
(1) | Includes the elimination of valuation allowances amounting to $39.2 million as a result of the adoption of SFAS 156 on October 1, 2006. |
The aggregate fair value of servicing assets at September 30, 2008 and 2007 was $152.9 million and $155.7 million, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $356.3 million at September 30, 2006.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Activity in the valuation allowance for servicing assets is summarized as follows:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | ||||||
2007 | 2006 | ||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 39,196 | $ | 36,564 | |||
Additions charged to loan expenses | — | 2,632 | |||||
Elimination of valuation allowance per adoption of SFAS 156 | (39,196 | ) | — | ||||
Balance at end of year | $ | — | $ | 39,196 | |||
There were no sales of rights to service mortgage loans during fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006. Servicing fees are included in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
At September 30, 2008 and 2007, key assumptions and the sensitivity of the current value of originated servicing assets to an immediate 10 percent and 20 percent adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Single-Family Residential | Home Equity/ Home Improvement | ||||||
Carrying value | $ | 152,850 | $ | 16 | ||||
Weighted average life (in years) | 4.5 | 4.5 | ||||||
Prepayment speed assumption (annual rate):(1) | ||||||||
First twelve months | 11.8 | % | 23.0 | % | ||||
Next twelve months | 13.5 | % | 23.0 | % | ||||
Thereafter | 17.5 | % | 23.0 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (1,968 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (3,742 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | ||
Discount rate (annual) | 12 | % | 13.0 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (2,449 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (4,764 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||
September 30, 2007 | ||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Single-Family Residential | Home Equity/ Home Improvement | ||||||
Carrying value | $ | 155,648 | $ | 32 | ||||
Weighted average life (in years) | 3.6 | 3.3 | ||||||
Prepayment speed assumption (annual rate):(1) | ||||||||
First twelve months | 18.7 | % | 30.5 | % | ||||
Next twelve months | 21.7 | % | 30.5 | % | ||||
Thereafter | 19.7 | % | 30.5 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (5,816 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (11,579 | ) | $ | (4 | ) | ||
Discount rate (annual) | 11.0 | % | 13.0 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (4,600 | ) | $ | — | |||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (7,928 | ) | $ | (1 | ) |
(1) | Represents Constant Prepayment Rate. |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The following table sets forth information regarding the Bank’s servicing fees collected during the periods indicated.
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Loan servicing fees(1) | $ | 37,665 | $ | 44,977 | $ | 45,473 | |||
Late charges(2) | 2,230 | 2,199 | 1,873 | ||||||
Other servicing fees(1) | 7,176 | 22,321 | 25,447 | ||||||
Total | $ | 47,071 | $ | 69,497 | $ | 72,793 | |||
(1) | Included in servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operation. |
(2) | Included in other income on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operation. |
17. | LOAN SECURITIZATION TRANSACTIONS – THE BANK: |
The Bank periodically sells various loan receivables through asset-backed securitizations, in which receivables are transferred to trusts, and certificates are sold to investors. The following chart summarizes the Bank’s securitization activities:
(In thousands) | As of or for the year ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Single-Family Residential | |||||||||
Loans sold into new trusts during the year | $ | — | $ | 1,949,709 | $ | 4,210,911 | |||
Outstanding trust certificate balance at year end | 5,427,737 | 6,879,430 | 8,710,468 | ||||||
Gains recognized during the year | — | 48,625 | 112,591 |
The Bank continues to service, and receive servicing fees on, the outstanding balance of securitized receivables. The Bank also retains rights, which may be subordinated, to future cash flows arising from the receivables. The Bank generally estimates the fair value of these retained interests based on the estimated present value of expected future cash flows from securitized and sold receivables, using management’s best estimates of the key assumptions – credit losses, prepayment speeds and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.
The following table summarizes certain cash flows received from securitization trusts:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Proceeds from new securitizations | $ | — | $ | 1,913,260 | $ | 4,135,697 | ||||||
Servicing fees received | 23,465 | 30,081 | 33,108 | |||||||||
Other cash flows received on retained interests | 122,125 | 148,085 | 157,078 | |||||||||
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income includes the initial gains on current securitization and sale transactions and income from interest-only strips receivable recognized in connection with current and prior period securitization and sale transactions. Activity in interest-only assets is summarized as follows:
|
| |||||||||||
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 314,111 | $ | 344,317 | $ | 348,227 | ||||||
Additions | — | 100,266 | 208,133 | |||||||||
Accretion | 33,979 | 30,143 | 27,644 | |||||||||
Cash received | (128,505 | ) | (151,743 | ) | (151,403 | ) | ||||||
Fair value adjustments | 119,474 | (8,872 | ) | (88,284 | ) | |||||||
Ending balance/Carrying value | $ | 339,059 | $ | 314,111 | $ | 344,317 | ||||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
At September 30, 2008 and 2007, key assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the retained interests to an immediate 10 percent and 20 percent adverse change in those assumptions are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | Single-Family Residential September 30, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Carrying value (fair value) (1) | $ | 340,889 | $ | 317,093 | ||||
Weighted average life (in years) (2) | 4.3 | 2.8 | ||||||
Prepayment speed assumption(2)(3): | ||||||||
First twelve months | 7.0 | % | 20.5 | % | ||||
Next twelve months | 10.9 | % | 25.7 | % | ||||
Thereafter | 19.1 | % | 23.3 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (10,347 | ) | $ | (26,131 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (19,783 | ) | $ | (48,394 | ) | ||
Residual cash flow discount rate (annual) | 12 | % | 12 | % | ||||
Impact on fair value at 10% adverse change | $ | (11,103 | ) | $ | (7,748 | ) | ||
Impact on fair value at 20% adverse change | $ | (21,584 | ) | $ | (13,476 | ) |
(1) | Fiscal year 2008 includes interest-only assets of $339.1 million and reserve accounts of $1.8 million. Fiscal year 2007 includes interest-only assets of $314.1 million and reserve accounts of $3.0 million. |
(2) | Expected weighted average life and prepayment speed assumptions are based on life of securitization. |
(3) | Represents Constant Prepayment Rate for single-family residential loans, and Absolute Pre-payment Speed or ABS for automobile loans. Certain loans may require the payment of a fee if the borrower prepays the loan during the period up to three years after origination. The Bank uses a lower prepayment assumption during these periods. |
The Bank did not securitize any loans during fiscal year 2008.
Key assumptions used in measuring retained interests at the date of single-family securitizations completed during fiscal year 2007 are as follows:
Year Ended September 30, 2007 | |||
Prepayment speed assumption(1) (average annual rate): | |||
First twelve months | 22.4 | % | |
Next twelve months | 28.0 | % | |
Thereafter | 28.5 | % | |
Expected credit losses (annual rate) | — | ||
Discount rate (annual rate) | 10.0 | % |
(1) | Expected weighted average life and prepayment speed assumptions are based on life of securitization. |
These sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. The effects shown in the above tables of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of interest-only strips receivable is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another factor, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Principal balances, delinquent amounts and net credit losses for securitized loans were as follows:
(In thousands) | Single-family residential | ||||||||
As of or for the year ended September 30, | Total Principal Amount of Loans | Principal Amount of Loans Past Due 90 Days or More or Non-Performing | Net Credit Losses | ||||||
2008 | $ | 5,533,953 | $ | 828,857 | $ | 16,919 | |||
2007 | $ | 6,901,187 | $ | 177,853 | $ | 762 | |||
18. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT – THE BANK: |
Property and equipment is composed of the following:
(Dollars in thousands) | Estimated Useful Lives | September 30, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Land | — | $ | 205,326 | $ | 151,153 | |||
Projects in progress | — | 15,592 | 19,087 | |||||
Buildings and improvements | 10-65 years | 304,235 | 285,019 | |||||
Leasehold and tenant improvements | 7-40 years | 240,893 | 234,306 | |||||
Furniture and equipment | 5-10 years | 309,103 | 293,700 | |||||
Automobiles | 3-5 years | 5,737 | 6,955 | |||||
1,080,886 | 990,220 | |||||||
Less: | ||||||||
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | 380,027 | 344,699 | ||||||
Total | $ | 700,859 | $ | 645,521 | ||||
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment amounted to $48.4 million, $46.2 million and $45.7 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
19. | AUTOMOBILES SUBJECT TO LEASE – THE BANK: |
There are no automobiles subject to lease at September 30, 2008. Automobiles subject to lease at September 30, 2007 were composed of the following:
(Dollars in thousands) | Estimated Useful Lives | ||||
Automobiles | 3-5 years | $ | 16,842 | ||
Less: | |||||
Accumulated depreciation | 9,869 | ||||
Total | $ | 6,973 | |||
Depreciation expense related to automobile leases amounted to $652,000, $5.6 million and $23.3 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. Automobile rental income amounted to $590,000, $8.3 million and $35.2 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
At September 30, 2008, no leases were outstanding. As a result, the Bank does not expect to earn any automobile rental income in the future.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
20. | LEASES – THE BANK: |
The Bank has noncancelable, long-term leases for office premises and retail space which have a variety of terms expiring from fiscal year 2009 to fiscal year 2033 and ground leases which have terms expiring from fiscal year 2029 to fiscal year 2081. These leases are accounted for as operating leases. Some of the leases are subject to rent adjustments in the future based upon changes in the Consumer Price Index and some also contain renewal options. The following is a schedule by years of future minimum lease payments required at September 30, 2008:
(In thousands)
Year Ending September 30, | |||
2009 | $ | 35,301 | |
2010 | 29,999 | ||
2011 | 28,707 | ||
2012 | 27,573 | ||
2013 | 25,436 | ||
Thereafter | 283,169 | ||
Total | $ | 430,185 | |
Rent expense totaled $44.8 million, $41.2 million and $33.4 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For operating leases with fixed escalation amounts, rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
21. | DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS – THE BANK: |
The Bank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC to at least $100,000 for each insured depositor, although this amount has been temporarily increased to at least $250,000 per depositor through December 31, 2009. An analysis of deposit accounts and the related weighted average effective interest rates at year end are as follows:
September 30, | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Amount | Weighted Average Rate | Amount | Weighted Average Rate | |||||||||
Non-interest bearing checking accounts | $ | 1,319,068 | — | $ | 1,273,687 | — | ||||||
Interest bearing checking accounts | 2,343,896 | 0.18 | % | 2,303,615 | 0.30 | % | ||||||
Money market deposit accounts | 1,936,035 | 1.29 | % | 2,166,489 | 2.46 | % | ||||||
Savings accounts | 1,342,973 | 1.26 | % | 1,063,780 | 1.15 | % | ||||||
Certificate accounts, less than $100,000 | 2,888,306 | 3.46 | % | 2,479,391 | 4.65 | % | ||||||
Certificate accounts, $100,000 or more | 1,570,740 | 3.61 | % | 1,662,615 | 5.11 | % | ||||||
Total | $ | 11,401,018 | 1.78 | % | $ | 10,949,577 | 2.49 | % | ||||
Interest expense on deposit accounts is composed of the following:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Checking accounts | $ | 4,907 | $ | 6,741 | $ | 6,021 | |||
Money market deposit accounts | 36,357 | 63,794 | 55,035 | ||||||
Savings accounts | 12,715 | 6,417 | 4,450 | ||||||
Certificate accounts | 168,811 | 179,961 | 114,057 | ||||||
Total | $ | 222,790 | $ | 256,913 | $ | 179,563 | |||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
Outstanding certificate accounts at September 30, 2008 mature in the years indicated as follows:
(In thousands)
Year Ending | |||
2009 | $ | 3,503,788 | |
2010 | 851,448 | ||
2011 | 77,685 | ||
2012 | 12,805 | ||
2013 | 13,320 | ||
Total | $ | 4,459,046 | |
At September 30, 2008, certificate accounts of $100,000 or more have contractual maturities as indicated below:
(In thousands)
Three months or less | $ | 847,220 | |
Over three months through six months | 264,909 | ||
Over six months through 12 months | 221,287 | ||
Over 12 months | 237,324 | ||
Total | $ | 1,570,740 | |
22. | SECURITIES SOLD UNDER REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS AND OTHER SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS – THE BANK: |
Short-term borrowings are summarized as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Securities sold under repurchase agreements: | ||||||||||||
Balance at year end | $ | 127,620 | $ | 120,507 | $ | 458,307 | ||||||
Average amount outstanding during the year | 140,691 | 151,466 | 232,824 | |||||||||
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end | 128,315 | 213,124 | 458,307 | |||||||||
Amount maturing within 30 days | 127,620 | 120,507 | 458,307 | |||||||||
Weighted average interest rate during the year | 2.12 | % | 4.65 | % | 4.32 | % | ||||||
Weighted average interest rate on year end balances | 1.12 | % | 3.87 | % | 5.18 | % | ||||||
Other short-term borrowings: | ||||||||||||
Balance at year end | $ | 493,887 | $ | 443,391 | $ | 364,332 | ||||||
Average amount outstanding during the year | 475,972 | 434,639 | 335,874 | |||||||||
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end | 543,546 | 509,233 | 377,418 | |||||||||
Amount maturing within 30 days | 493,887 | 443,391 | 364,332 | |||||||||
Weighted average interest rate during the year | 1.95 | % | 4.53 | % | 4.00 | % | ||||||
Weighted average interest rate on year end balances | 1.06 | % | 3.68 | % | 4.41 | % |
The investment and mortgage-backed securities underlying the dealer repurchase agreements were delivered to the dealers who arranged the transactions. The dealers may have loaned such securities to other parties in the normal course of their operations and agreed to resell to the Bank the identical securities upon the maturities of the agreements.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank had pledged mortgage-backed securities and investment securities with a combined book value of $159.5 million and $519.7 million to secure securities sold under repurchase agreements and certain other short-term borrowings, respectively. Also at September 30, 2008, the Bank had pledged, but did not borrow against, other loans with a total principal balance of $1,359.3 million.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
23. | FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK ADVANCES – THE BANK: |
At September 30, 2008 and 2007, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) totaled $1,902.5 million and $2,007.3 million, respectively. The interest rate on each FHLB advance is fixed for the term of the advance and the weighted average interest rate for all advances was 3.15% at September 30, 2008. The advances mature over varying periods as follows:
(In thousands)
Six months or less | $ | 1,537,351 | |
More than six months through one year | 60,116 | ||
More than one year through three years | 175,606 | ||
More than three years through five years | 27,952 | ||
More than five years | 101,505 | ||
Total | $ | 1,902,530 | |
Under a Specific Collateral Agreement with the FHLB, advances are secured by the FHLB stock owned by the Bank and qualifying first mortgage loans and certain second mortgage loans and/or lines with a total principal balance of $5,475.4 million. The FHLB requires that members maintain qualifying collateral at least equal to 100% of the member’s outstanding advances at all times. The collateral held by the FHLB in excess of the amount of the September 30, 2008 advances is available to secure additional advances from the FHLB, subject to its collateralization guidelines.
24. | CAPITAL NOTES - SUBORDINATED – THE BANK: |
On December 2, 2003, the Bank issued $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6-7/8% subordinated debentures due 2013 (the “2003 Debentures”), which are subordinated to the interest of deposit account holders and other senior debt. The Bank may redeem some or all of the 2003 Debentures at any time on and after December 1, 2008 at the following redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid interest:
If redeemed during the 12-month | Redemption Price | ||
2008 | 103.4375 | % | |
2009 | 102.2917 | % | |
2010 | 101.1458 | % | |
2011 and thereafter | 100.0000 | % |
The Bank received OTS approval to include the principal amount of the 2003 Debentures in the Bank’s supplementary capital for regulatory capital purposes.
The indenture pursuant to which the 2003 Debentures were sold (the “Indenture”) provides that the Bank may not pay dividends on its capital stock unless, after giving effect to the dividend, no event of default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Bank is in compliance with its regulatory capital requirements. In addition, the amount of the proposed dividend may not exceed the sum of (i) $50.0 million, (ii) 66 2/3% of the Bank’s consolidated net income (as defined in the Indenture) accrued on a cumulative basis commencing on October 1, 2002 and (iii) the aggregate net cash proceeds received by the Bank after October 1, 2002 from the sale of qualified capital stock or certain debt securities, minus the aggregate amount of any restricted payments made by the Bank. Notwithstanding the above restrictions on dividends, provided no event of default has occurred or is continuing, the Indenture does not restrict the payment of dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock (as defined below).
Deferred debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization, amounted to $2.3 million and $2.6 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
25. | PREFERRED STOCK – THE BANK: |
In October 2003, the Bank sold $125.0 million of its 8% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C (the “Series C Preferred Stock”). The Series C Preferred Stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “CCX PrC.” Dividends are payable quarterly in arrears at an annual rate of 8% on the Series C Preferred Stock only if the Board of Directors declares them and the OTS does not object. Dividends, once declared, are payable on or before the fifteenth day of February, May, August and November of each year. Dividends not declared in a quarter will not be paid at any future time, except that upon a liquidation or redemption, accrued dividends for the current period will be paid.
The Series C Preferred Stock is includable in the Bank’s core capital. The holders of the Series C Preferred Stock have no voting rights, except in certain limited circumstances.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
The Series C Preferred Stock may be redeemed at the option of the Bank, in whole or in part, from time to time, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus all distributions accrued and unpaid on the Series C Preferred Stock that have been declared, and accrued and unpaid dividends for the then-current dividend period, whether or not declared, up to the date of such redemption.
26. | COMPENSATION PLANS – THE BANK: |
The Bank participates in a defined contribution profit sharing retirement plan (the “Plan”), which can be modified or discontinued at any time, and which covers those full-time employees who meet the requirements as specified in the Plan.
Corporate contributions, at the discretionary amount of up to six percent of the employee’s cash compensation, subject to certain limits, were $12.4 million, $12.1 million and $11.1 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. There are no past service costs associated with the Plan and the Bank has no liability under the Plan other than its current contributions. The Plan owns 4.0% of the Bank’s common stock.
The Bank provides a supplemental defined contribution profit sharing retirement plan (the “SERP”), which covers certain highly-compensated full-time employees who meet the requirements as specified in the SERP. The SERP, which can be modified or discontinued at any time, requires participating employees to contribute at least 2.0% of their compensation in excess of a specified amount in order to be eligible for employer contributions in excess of those permitted under the 401(k) and the Plan. Corporate contributions, equal to three times the employee’s contribution, were $1.4 million, $1.6 million and $1.4 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
There are no past service costs associated with the SERP. The Bank’s liability under the SERP, which includes contributions from employees and is not funded, was $24.7 million and $22.6 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
The Bank has granted awards under a deferred compensation plan to certain qualified employees. The deferred compensation plan provides that, as of the end of each fiscal year in the ten-year period prior to vesting, the Bank will add to or deduct from the account of each employee who has received an award, a contribution or deduction, which represents hypothetical interest (which may be positive or negative) earned on the principal contribution, based on the Bank’s rate of return on average assets as defined in the deferred compensation plan for the fiscal year then ended. The deferred compensation plan is unfunded. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had recorded a liability totaling $35.0 million reflecting the Bank’s obligations under the plan, which is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Bank’s expense under the deferred compensation plan totaled $5.5 million, $4.8 million and $6.7 million during the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Certain officers have entered into agreements with the Bank regarding confidentiality, nonsolicitation, ownership of certain works and termination upon change of control. Each of those officers has agreed not to compete with, solicit customers of or solicit the employees of the Bank for stated periods following any termination of employment with the Bank. In addition, the Bank has agreed to pay each such officer a specified amount if the officer is terminated without cause or resigns because of a material detrimental change in the terms of the executives’ employment in the three-year period following a change of control of the Bank. The amount payable varies depending upon the officer’s base compensation and most recent bonus, the length of the officer’s employment with the Bank and the per share price at which the triggering change of control has occurred.
Certain executive officers have also entered into “Special Retirement Compensation Agreements” under which the executive could receive an amount up to three times his base compensation if he retires from the Bank after reaching age 63. These agreements are unfunded. As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank had recorded a liability totaling $4.7 million and $4.0 million, respectively, which is included in other liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Bank’s expense under the special retirement agreements totaled $713,000, $691,000 and $617,000 during the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. An executive may receive payment under either the Change in Control Agreement or under the Special Retirement Compensation Agreement, but not both.
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27. | REGULATORY MATTERS – THE BANK: |
The Bank’s regulatory capital requirements at September 30, 2008 and 2007 were a 1.5% tangible capital requirement, a 4.0% core capital requirement and an 8.0% total risk-based capital requirement. Under the OTS “prompt corrective action” regulations, the Bank must maintain minimum leverage, tier 1 risk-based and total risk-based capital ratios of 4.0%, 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively, to meet the ratios established for “adequately capitalized” institutions. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank was in compliance with its regulatory capital requirements and exceeded the capital standards established for “well capitalized” institutions under the “prompt corrective action” regulations. The information below is based upon the Bank’s understanding of the applicable regulations and related interpretations. The table contains the information of the Bank only and does not include consolidation or elimination entries required for the Trust financial presentation.
Regulatory Capital
(Dollars in thousands)
Actual | Minimum Capital Requirement | Excess Capital | |||||||||||||||||
Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | ||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity per financial statements | $ | 850,132 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest in REIT Subsidiary(1) | 144,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
994,132 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjustments for tangible and core capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | (63,366 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-includable subsidiaries | (3,423 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-qualifying purchased/originated loan servicing rights | (9,241 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total tangible capital | 918,102 | 5.96 | % | $ | 231,112 | 1.50 | % | $ | 686,990 | 4.46 | % | ||||||||
Total core capital(2) | 918,102 | 5.96 | % | $ | 616,299 | 4.00 | % | $ | 301,803 | 1.96 | % | ||||||||
Tier 1 risk-based capital(2) | 918,102 | 8.77 | % | $ | 417,619 | 4.00 | % | $ | 500,483 | 4.77 | % | ||||||||
Adjustments for total risk-based capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated capital debentures | 175,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for general loan losses(3) | 130,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total supplementary capital | 305,506 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total available capital | 1,223,608 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity investments(4) | (2,360 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total risk-based capital(2) | $ | 1,221,248 | 11.67 | % | $ | 835,237 | 8.00 | % | $ | 386,011 | 3.67 | % | |||||||
(1) | Eligible for inclusion in core capital in an amount up to 25% of the Bank’s core capital pursuant to authorization from the OTS. |
(2) | Under the OTS “prompt corrective action” regulations, the standards for classification as “well capitalized” are a leverage (or “core capital”) ratio of at least 5.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0% and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0%. |
(3) | Represents the amount of the allowance that does not exceed 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, which is the maximum amount of the allowance that is incudable in supplementary captial under OTS regulations. |
(4) | Includes one property classified as real estate held for sale which is treated as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes. |
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September 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Actual | Minimum Capital Requirement | Excess Capital | ||||||||||||||||
Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | Amount | As a % of Assets | ||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity per financial statements | $ | 829,729 | |||||||||||||||||
Minority interest in REIT Subsidiary(1) | 144,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted capital | 973,729 | ||||||||||||||||||
Adjustments for tangible and core capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets | (63,762 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-includable subsidiaries | (2,965 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Non-qualifying purchased / originated loan servicing | (9,411 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total tangible capital | 897,591 | 5.97 | % | $ | 225,487 | 1.50 | % | $ | 672,104 | 4.47 | % | ||||||||
Total core capital(2) | 897,591 | 5.97 | % | $ | 601,298 | 4.00 | % | $ | 296,293 | 1.97 | % | ||||||||
Tier 1 risk-based capital(2) | 897,591 | 8.85 | % | $ | 404,178 | 4.00 | % | $ | 493,413 | 4.85 | % | ||||||||
Adjustments for total risk-based capital: | |||||||||||||||||||
Subordinated capital debentures | 175,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for general loan losses | 29,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total supplementary capital | 204,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total available capital | 1,101,591 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity investments(3) | (2,456 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total risk-based capital(2) | $ | 1,099,135 | 10.85 | % | $ | 808,357 | 8.00 | % | $ | 290,778 | 2.85 | % | |||||||
(1) | Eligible for inclusion in core capital in an amount up to 25% of the Bank’s core capital pursuant to authorization from the OTS. |
(2) | Under the OTS “prompt corrective action” regulations, the standards for classification as “well capitalized” are a leverage (or “core capital”) ratio of at least 5.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0% and a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0%. |
(3) | Includes one property classified as real estate held for sale which is treated as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes. |
OTS capital regulations provide a five-year holding period (or such longer period as may be approved by the OTS) for REO to qualify for an exception from treatment as an equity investment. If an REO property is considered an equity investment, its then current book value is deducted from total risk-based capital. Accordingly, if the Bank is unable to dispose of any REO property prior to the end of its applicable five-year holding period and is unable to obtain an extension of such five-year holding period from the OTS, the Bank could be required to deduct the then-current book value of such REO property from total risk-based capital. In December 2008, the Bank received from the OTS an extension of the holding periods for certain of its REO properties through December 15, 2009.
The following table sets forth the Bank’s REO at September 30, 2008, by the fiscal year in which the property was acquired through foreclosure.
(In thousands)
Fiscal Year | ||||
1990 | $ | 2,360 | (1) | |
1991 | 9,083 | (2) | ||
1995 | 18,420 | (2) | ||
2007 | 1,212 | |||
2008 | 60,910 | |||
Total REO | $ | 91,985 | ||
(1) | The Bank treats this property as an equity investment for regulatory capital purposes. |
(2) | The Bank received an extension of the holding periods for these properties through December 15, 2009. |
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OTS regulations limit the ability of the Bank to make “capital distributions.” “Capital distributions” include payment of dividends, stock repurchases, cash-out mergers, repurchases of subordinated debt and other distributions charged against the capital accounts of an institution. The regulations do not apply to interest or principal payments on debt, including interest or principal payments on the Bank’s outstanding subordinated debentures.
The Bank must notify the OTS before making any capital distribution. In addition, the Bank must apply to the OTS to make any capital distribution if the Bank does not qualify for expedited treatment under OTS regulations. If the Bank qualifies for expedited treatment, an application is required only if the total amount of all of the Bank’s capital distributions for the year exceeds the sum of the Bank’s net income for the year and its retained net income for the previous two years.
In considering a notice or application, the OTS will not permit a capital distribution if:
• | the Bank would be undercapitalized following the distribution; |
• | the capital distribution raises safety and soundness concerns; or |
• | the capital distribution violates any statute, regulation, agreement with the OTS, or condition imposed by the OTS. |
In prior periods, the OTS has conditioned the Bank’s payments of common stock dividends on the Bank’s maintaining its well-capitalized status and there can be no assurance that the OTS will not impose a similar condition on payment of dividends on the 8% Preferred Stock.
28. | TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES – THE BANK: |
Loans Receivable:
From time to time, in the normal course of business, the Bank may make loans to executive officers and directors, their immediate family members or companies with which they are affiliated. These loans are on substantially the same terms as similar loans with unrelated parties. An analysis of activity with respect to these loans is as follows:
(In thousands) | Year Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 17,019 | $ | 11,209 | $ | 14,085 | ||||||
Additions | 6,792 | 7,909 | 3,826 | |||||||||
Reductions | (2,339 | ) | (2,099 | ) | (6,702 | ) | ||||||
Ending balance | $ | 21,472 | $ | 17,019 | $ | 11,209 | ||||||
Services:
B.F. Saul Company, which is a shareholder of the Trust, and its subsidiaries provide certain services to the Bank. These services include property management, insurance brokerage and leasing. Fees for these services were $1.9 million, $2.0 million and $1.6 million for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
For each of the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, a director of the Bank was paid $100,000 for consulting services rendered to the Bank and $6,000 for service on the Boards of Directors for two of the Bank’s subsidiaries. Another director of the Bank was paid $100,000 for services as Chairman of the Bank’s Audit Committee. A third director of the Bank was paid total fees of $100,000 for consulting services rendered to two subsidiaries of the Bank and $6,000 for services as Chairman of the Board of Directors of those subsidiaries.
Tax Sharing Agreement:
The Bank and the other companies in the Trust’s affiliated group are parties to a tax sharing agreement (the “Tax Sharing Agreement”). The Tax Sharing Agreement provides for payments to be made by members of the Trust’s affiliated group to the Trust based on their separate company tax liabilities. The Tax Sharing Agreement also provides that, to the extent net operating losses or tax credits of a particular member are used to reduce the overall tax liability of the Trust’s affiliated group, such member will be reimbursed by the other members of the affiliated group that have taxable income in an amount equal to such tax reduction. The Bank made net payments of $2.0 million, $3.2 million and $2.0 million to the Trust during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, under the Tax Sharing Agreement. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the estimated net tax sharing payment payable to the Trust by the Bank was $220,000 and $1.8 million, respectively.
Other:
During the year ended September 30, 2007, the Bank sold an office building located in Bethesda, MD to its parent company, the Trust. The proceeds from the sale exceeded the Bank’s carrying value, net of related income taxes, by $10.0 million, which was accounted for as a capital contribution because the transfer was between entities under common control.
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The Bank paid $12.0 million, $11.0 million and $10.0 million for office space leased from or managed by companies affiliated with the Bank or its directors during the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The Trust, B.F. Saul Company, Chevy Chase Lake Corporation and Van Ness Square Corporation, affiliates of the Bank, from time to time maintain interest-bearing deposit accounts with the Bank. Those accounts had aggregate balances of $78.2 million and $45.7 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Bank paid interest on the accounts amounting to $1.8 million, $2.3 million and $1.9 million during fiscal years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
29. | FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS – THE BANK: |
The Bank, in the normal course of business, is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk and other derivative financial instruments to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit at both fixed and variable rates, letters of credit, interest-rate swap and cap agreements, forward purchase and sale commitments and assets sold with limited recourse. All such financial instruments are held or issued for purposes other than trading.
These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest-rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
The contractual or notional amount of these instruments reflects the extent of involvement the Bank has in particular classes of financial instruments. For interest-rate swap and cap agreements, assets sold with limited recourse and forward purchase and sale commitments, the contractual or notional amounts do not represent exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
Commitments to Extend Credit:
The Bank had $2,701.0 million of commitments to extend credit at September 30, 2008. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the agreement. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Because many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. These commitments are subject to the Bank’s normal underwriting and credit evaluation policies and procedures.
Standby Letters of Credit:
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had issued standby letters of credit in the amount of $110.5 million to guarantee the performance of and irrevocably assure payment by customers under construction projects. In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others,” the Bank recorded a liability for the fair value of its guarantee equal to $482,000.
Of the total, $47.0 million will expire in fiscal 2008 and the remainder will expire over time through fiscal 2013. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan commitments to customers.
Recourse Arrangements:
The Bank is obligated under various recourse provisions (primarily related to credit losses) related to the securitization and sale of receivables. As a result of these securitization and sale activities, the Bank maintained restricted cash accounts amounting to $1.8 million and $3.0 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. There was no recourse to the Bank related to these amounts at September 30, 2008 and 2007.
The Bank is also obligated under recourse provisions related to the servicing of certain of its residential mortgage loans. Recourse to the Bank under these agreements was $2.7 million and $3.0 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Derivative Financial Instruments:
In accordance with SFAS 133, the Bank assigns derivatives to one of these categories at the purchase date: fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or non-designated hedge. SFAS 133 requires an assessment of the expected and ongoing effectiveness of any derivative assigned to a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge relationship.
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Fair Value Hedges —For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, the derivative instrument and related hedged item are marked to market through earnings. Derivatives are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank did not have any derivatives designated as fair value hedges.
Cash Flow Hedges —For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, mark to market adjustments are recorded as a component of equity. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, the Bank did not have any derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.
Non-Designated Hedges —Certain economic hedges are not designated as cash flow hedges or as fair value hedges for accounting purposes. As a result, changes in their fair value are recorded in other income in the consolidated Statements of Operations. The fair value of these derivatives is included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank had $49.8 million in forward sale commitments relating to fixed rate loans. The net unrealized gain in value of these commitments was $265,000 at September 30, 2008. The notional amount of the related Fixed Rate Loans was $49.9 million. The net unrealized loss in the value of these loans was $333,000. The net unrealized gains and losses are included in other income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
As September 30, 2007, the Bank had $83.4 million in forward sale commitments. The net unrealized loss in value of these commitments was $556,000 at September 30, 2007. The notional amount of the related Fixed Rate loans was $83.4 million. The net unrealized gain in the value of these loans was $170,000. The net unrealized gains and losses are included in other income in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
At September 30, 2008, the Bank had $79.7 million in forward sale commitments related to fixed rate loan interest rate locks (“IRLS”). The net unrealized gain in the value of these commitments was $751,000 at September 30, 2008. At September 30, 2008, the Bank had fixed rate IRLs with a notional amount of $177.2 million. The net unrealized loss in the value of the IRLs was $735,000.
At September 30, 2007, the Bank had $139.0 million in forward sale commitments related to fixed rate loan interest rate locks (“IRLs”). The net unrealized loss in the value of these commitments was $210,000 at September 30, 2007. At September 30, 2007, the Bank had fixed rate IRLs with a notional amount of $242.5 million. The net unrealized loss in the value of the IRLs was $105,000.
Liquidity Facility:
In connection with the securitization and sale of certain payment option residential mortgage loans, the Bank is obligated to fund a portion of any “negative amortization” resulting from the borrowers electing their option to make monthly payments that are not sufficient to cover the interest accrued for the payment period. For each dollar of negative amortization funded by the Bank, the balances of certain highly-rated mortgage-backed securities received by the Bank as part of the securitization transaction increase accordingly. When the borrowers ultimately make the principal payments, the Bank receives its pro rata portion of those payments in cash, and the balances of those securities held by the Bank are reduced accordingly. During the year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank funded $46.1 million of negative amortization under these obligations, and received $67.0 million in principal payments representing previously funded negative amortization.
Concentrations of Credit:
The Bank’s principal market is the metropolitan Washington, DC area. In addition, a significant portion of the Bank’s residential mortgage loans are secured by properties in California. Service industries and federal, state and local governments employ a significant portion of the Washington, DC area labor force. Adverse changes in economic conditions in these areas could have a direct impact on the timing and amount of payments by borrowers.
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30. | ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS – THE BANK: |
The majority of the Bank’s assets and liabilities are financial instruments; however, certain of these financial instruments lack an available trading market. Significant estimates, assumptions and present value calculations were therefore used for the purposes of the following disclosure, resulting in a great degree of subjectivity inherent in the indicated fair value amounts. Because fair value is estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amount which would actually be realized or paid upon settlement or maturity could be significantly different. Comparability of fair value amounts among financial institutions may be difficult due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and the numerous estimates and assumptions which must be made.
The estimated fair values of the Bank’s financial instruments are as follows:
September 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | |||||||||||
Financial assets: | ||||||||||||||
Cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits | $ | 453,187 | $ | 453,187 | $ | 380,099 | $ | 380,099 | ||||||
Loans held for securitization and/or sale | 58,145 | 58,994 | 202,268 | 204,048 | ||||||||||
U.S. Government securities | 318,392 | 322,324 | 210,363 | 211,745 | ||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 1,251,511 | 1,248,479 | 1,053,433 | 1,040,424 | ||||||||||
Loans receivable, net | 11,580,858 | 11,643,716 | 11,637,789 | 11,557,258 | ||||||||||
Interest-only strips receivable | 339,059 | 339,059 | 314,111 | 314,111 | ||||||||||
Servicing assets, net | 152,866 | 152,866 | 155,680 | 155,680 | ||||||||||
Other financial assets | 151,107 | 151,107 | 157,550 | 157,550 | ||||||||||
Financial liabilities: | ||||||||||||||
Deposit accounts with no stated maturities | 6,941,962 | 6,941,962 | 6,807,571 | 6,807,571 | ||||||||||
Deposit accounts with stated maturities | 4,459,056 | 4,499,570 | 4,142,006 | 4,170,652 | ||||||||||
Securities sold under repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings and Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 2,524,037 | 2,528,597 | 2,571,172 | 2,573,602 | ||||||||||
Capital notes-subordinated | 172,744 | (1) | 142,625 | 172,396 | (1) | 172,375 | ||||||||
Other financial liabilities | 237,327 | 237,327 | 247,418 | 247,418 |
(1) | Net of deferred debt issuance costs which are included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. |
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value amounts at September 30, 2008 and 2007:
Cash, due from banks and, interest-bearing deposits: Carrying amount approximates fair value.
Loans held for securitization and/or sale:The fair value of loans held for securitization and/or sale is determined using discounted cash flow analysis, using quoted prices for loans or securities backed by loans with similar characteristics, or outstanding commitment prices from investors.
U.S. Government securities:Fair value is based on quoted market prices.
Mortgage-backed securities: Fair value is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes or estimates using dealer quoted market prices for similar securities.
Loans receivable, net: Fair value of certain homogeneous groups of loans (e.g., single-family residential, automobile loans, home improvement loans and fixed-rate commercial and multifamily loans) is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on contractual repayment schedules and management’s estimate of future prepayment rates. The discount rates used in these analyses are based on either the interest rates paid on U.S.
Treasury securities of comparable maturities adjusted for credit risk and non-interest operating costs, or the interest rates currently offered by the Bank for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. For loans, which reprice frequently at market rates (e.g., home equity, variable-rate commercial and multifamily, real estate construction and ground loans), the carrying amount approximates fair value. The fair value of the Bank’s loan portfolio as presented above does not include the value of established credit line customer relationships, or the value relating to estimated cash flows from future receivables and the associated fees generated from existing customers.
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Interest-only strips receivable:Interest-only strips receivable are carried at fair value.
Servicing assets, net:Fair value of servicing assets is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on contractual repayment schedules and management’s estimate of future prepayment rates.
Other financial assets: The carrying amount of Federal Home Loan Bank stock, accrued interest receivable, interest-bearing deposits maintained pursuant to various asset securitizations and other short-term receivables approximate fair value. Derivative financial instruments are carried at fair value.
Deposit accounts with no stated maturities: Deposit liabilities payable on demand, consisting of NOW accounts, money market deposits, statement savings and other deposit accounts, are assumed to have an estimated fair value equal to carrying value. The indicated fair value does not consider the value of the Bank’s established deposit customer relationships.
Deposit accounts with stated maturities:Fair value of fixed-rate certificates of deposit is estimated based on the remaining maturity of the underlying accounts and interest rates currently offered on certificates of deposits with similar maturities.
Securities sold under repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings and Federal Home Loan Bank advances:For these borrowings, which either reprice frequently to market interest rates or are short-term in duration, the carrying amount approximates fair value. Fair value of the remaining amounts borrowed is estimated based on discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates currently charged by the lender for comparable borrowings with similar remaining maturities.
Capital notes-subordinated: Fair value of the Bank’s subordinated debentures is based on quoted market prices.
Other financial liabilities: The carrying amount of custodial accounts, amounts due to banks, accrued interest payable and other short-term payables approximates fair value.
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31. | BUSINESS SEGMENTS – THE BANK: |
The Bank has three operating segments: retail banking, commercial banking, and asset management services. Retail banking consists of traditional banking services, which include lending, leasing and deposit products offered to retail and small business customers. Commercial banking also consists of traditional banking services, as well as products and services tailored for larger corporate customers. Asset management services include asset management and similar services offered by subsidiaries of the Bank.
Selected segment information is as follows:
(In thousands) | Retail Banking | Commercial Banking | Asset Management | Total | ||||||||||||
Year Ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Core operating income | $ | 650,947 | $ | 49,214 | $ | 44,698 | $ | 744,859 | ||||||||
Core operating expense | 548,370 | 31,413 | 38,065 | 617,848 | ||||||||||||
Core earnings | 102,577 | 17,801 | 6,633 | 127,011 | ||||||||||||
Non-core items | (154,268 | ) | (2,029 | ) | (371 | ) | (156,668 | ) | ||||||||
Operating (loss) income | $ | (51,691 | ) | $ | 15,772 | $ | 6,262 | $ | (29,657 | ) | ||||||
Average assets | $ | 13,602,083 | $ | 1,488,798 | $ | 65,612 | $ | 15,156,493 | ||||||||
Year Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Core operating income | $ | 720,422 | $ | 52,703 | $ | 39,010 | $ | 812,135 | ||||||||
Core operating expense | 635,474 | 29,500 | 35,934 | 700,908 | ||||||||||||
Core earnings | 84,948 | 23,203 | 3,076 | 111,227 | ||||||||||||
Non-core items | (4,443 | ) | 4,432 | (412 | ) | (423 | ) | |||||||||
Operating income | $ | 80,505 | $ | 27,635 | $ | 2,664 | $ | 110,804 | ||||||||
Average assets | $ | 13,297,204 | $ | 1,354,860 | $ | 57,495 | $ | 14,709,559 | ||||||||
Year Ended September 30, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||
Core operating income | $ | 735,637 | $ | 49,471 | $ | 33,342 | $ | 818,450 | ||||||||
Core operating expense | 614,763 | 25,977 | 33,531 | 674,271 | ||||||||||||
Core earnings (loss) | 120,874 | 23,494 | (189 | ) | 144,179 | |||||||||||
Non-core items | (4,093 | ) | (344 | ) | (939 | ) | (5,376 | ) | ||||||||
Operating income (loss) | $ | 116,781 | $ | 23,150 | $ | (1,128 | ) | $ | 138,803 | |||||||
Average assets | $ | 13,147,408 | $ | 1,342,729 | $ | 53,073 | $ | 14,543,210 | ||||||||
The financial information for each segment is reported on the basis used internally by the Bank’s management to evaluate performance. Core earnings excludes certain items such as gains and losses related to certain securitization transactions, adjustments to loan loss reserves in excess of net chargeoffs, amortization of intangible assets, and certain other nonrecurring items. Items excluded from core earnings are shown as non-core items. Measurement of the performance of these segments is based on the management structure of the Bank and is not necessarily comparable with financial information from other entities. The information presented is not necessarily indicative of the segment’s results of operations if each of the segments were independent entities.
At September 30, 2008, goodwill of $18.3 million related to the retail banking segment and $43.2 million related to two reporting units within the asset management segment and is included in the non-banking segment.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
32. | LITIGATION – THE BANK: |
During the normal course of business, the Bank is involved in litigation, which may include litigation arising out of its lending activities, the enforcement or defense of the priority of its security interests, the continued development and marketing of certain of its real estate properties and certain employment claims. Although the amounts claimed in some of these suits in which the Bank is a defendant may be material, the Bank denies liability and, in the opinion of management, litigation which is currently pending will not have a material impact on the financial condition or future operations of the Bank. On January 16, 2007, in the case of Andrews v. Chevy Chase Bank in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin, the court ruled that the Bank’s disclosures relating to certain residential mortgage loans violated the federal Truth-in-Lending (“TIL”) Act and certified a class of borrowers were entitled to rescind their loans. On September 24, 2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit granted the Bank’s motion to reverse the trial court’s order certifying the class and the plaintiffs’ request for rehearing was denied on October 31, 2008.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
33. | QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA – THE TRUST (Unaudited): |
The quarterly financial data of the Trust herein has been derived from the unaudited quarterly financial statements of the Trust. The data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements included elsewhere herein.
(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
December 2007 | March 2008 | June 2008 | September 2008 | |||||||||||||
OPERATING DATA: | ||||||||||||||||
REAL ESTATE: | ||||||||||||||||
Real estate income | $ | 49,419 | $ | 49,553 | $ | 57,749 | $ | 47,435 | ||||||||
Real estate expense | 55,361 | 56,591 | 59,578 | 60,149 | ||||||||||||
Equity earnings | 3,477 | 3,125 | 2,581 | 2,260 | ||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets | 2,727 | — | 30,386 | (30 | ) | |||||||||||
Real estate operating income (loss) | 262 | (3,913 | ) | 31,138 | (10,484 | ) | ||||||||||
BANKING: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 214,505 | 198,782 | 173,505 | 172,531 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 101,005 | 85,467 | 65,982 | 66,400 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | 113,500 | 113,315 | 107,523 | 106,131 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 21,651 | 51,881 | 121,382 | 123,605 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income (loss) after provision for loan losses | 91,849 | 61,434 | (13,859 | ) | (17,474 | ) | ||||||||||
Other income | ||||||||||||||||
Deposit servicing fees | 41,830 | 43,323 | 44,400 | 44,462 | ||||||||||||
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income | 23,701 | 35,582 | 79,435 | 71,177 | ||||||||||||
Asset management fees | 10,976 | 11,257 | 11,219 | 11,182 | ||||||||||||
Other | 5,232 | 21,041 | 5,643 | 1,399 | ||||||||||||
Total other income | 81,739 | 111,203 | 140,697 | 128,220 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 87,885 | 82,510 | 74,755 | 75,242 | ||||||||||||
Servicing assets adjustments and other loan expenses | 15,512 | 28,421 | (20,388 | ) | 4,363 | |||||||||||
Property and equipment | 18,150 | 19,026 | 19,024 | 18,530 | ||||||||||||
Marketing | 3,704 | 2,000 | 3,863 | 3,290 | ||||||||||||
Data processing | 12,200 | 12,403 | 11,880 | 12,889 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12,479 | 12,242 | 12,231 | 12,447 | ||||||||||||
Other | 19,463 | 18,964 | 17,387 | 22,994 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 169,393 | 175,566 | 118,752 | 149,755 | ||||||||||||
Bank operating income (loss) | 4,195 | (2,929 | ) | 8,086 | (39,009 | ) | ||||||||||
Income before taxes and minority interest | 4,457 | (6,842 | ) | 39,224 | (49,493 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision (credit) for income taxes | (156 | ) | (4,238 | ) | 11,916 | (21,154 | ) | |||||||||
Income before minority interest | 4,613 | (2,604 | ) | 27,308 | (28,339 | ) | ||||||||||
Minority interest | (6,725 | ) | (5,855 | ) | (7,288 | ) | (1,538 | ) | ||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) | (2,112 | ) | (8,459 | ) | 20,020 | (29,877 | ) | |||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 1,354 | 1,355 | 1,355 | 1,354 | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS | (3,466 | ) | (9,814 | ) | 18,665 | (31,231 | ) | |||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE | $ | (0.72 | ) | $ | (2.04 | ) | $ | 3.88 | $ | (6.50 | ) | |||||
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(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
December 2006 | March 2007 | June 2007 | September 2007 | |||||||||||||
OPERATING DATA: | ||||||||||||||||
REAL ESTATE: | ||||||||||||||||
Real estate income | $ | 44,339 | $ | 49,546 | $ | 57,457 | $ | 48,203 | ||||||||
Real estate expense | 48,882 | 53,181 | 57,296 | 56,758 | ||||||||||||
Equity earnings | 3,051 | 2,988 | 3,117 | 3,384 | ||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets | 1,209 | — | 325 | — | ||||||||||||
Real estate operating income (loss) | (283 | ) | (647 | ) | 3,603 | (5,171 | ) | |||||||||
BANKING: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income | 198,973 | 205,104 | 207,782 | 214,960 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 93,357 | 94,783 | 96,327 | 103,824 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | 105,616 | 110,321 | 111,455 | 111,136 | ||||||||||||
Credit for loan losses | (382 | ) | (625 | ) | (786 | ) | 5,176 | |||||||||
Net interest income after credit for loan losses | 105,998 | 110,946 | 112,241 | 105,960 | ||||||||||||
Other income | ||||||||||||||||
Deposit servicing fees | 37,836 | 36,080 | 39,581 | 40,077 | ||||||||||||
Servicing, securitization and mortgage banking income | 41,001 | 7,794 | 46,561 | 50,401 | ||||||||||||
Automobile rental income, net | 3,602 | 2,221 | 1,343 | 1,143 | ||||||||||||
Asset management fees | 8,612 | 9,819 | 9,876 | 10,620 | ||||||||||||
Other | 6,412 | 5,240 | 6,163 | 6,397 | ||||||||||||
Total other income | 97,463 | 61,154 | 103,524 | 108,638 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 83,718 | 88,254 | 87,141 | 90,934 | ||||||||||||
Servicing assets amortization and other loan expenses | 24,517 | 26,212 | 21,615 | 20,795 | ||||||||||||
Property and equipment | 14,902 | 16,297 | 17,788 | 18,003 | ||||||||||||
Marketing | 5,116 | 3,966 | 6,630 | 4,871 | ||||||||||||
Data processing | 10,284 | 11,005 | 10,557 | 11,937 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 14,551 | 13,713 | 11,389 | 12,620 | ||||||||||||
Other | 16,613 | 17,759 | 17,520 | 16,413 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 169,701 | 177,206 | 172,640 | 175,573 | ||||||||||||
Bank operating income (loss) | 33,760 | (5,106 | ) | 43,125 | 39,025 | |||||||||||
Income before taxes and minority interest | 33,477 | (5,753 | ) | 46,728 | 33,854 | |||||||||||
Provision (credit) for income taxes | 10,872 | (4,197 | ) | 15,524 | 13,236 | |||||||||||
Income before minority interest | 22,605 | (1,556 | ) | 31,204 | 20,618 | |||||||||||
Minority interest | (10,395 | ) | (5,620 | ) | (11,617 | ) | (10,622 | ) | ||||||||
NET INCOME | 12,210 | (7,176 | ) | 19,587 | 9,996 | |||||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 1,354 | 1,355 | 1,355 | 1,354 | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS | 10,856 | (8,531 | ) | 18,232 | 8,642 | |||||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE | $ | 2.26 | $ | (1.78 | ) | $ | 3.78 | $ | 1.81 | |||||||
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34. | MINORITY INTEREST—THE TRUST: |
At September 30, 2008 and 2007, minority interest held by affiliates of $142.4 and $138.3 million represent the 20% minority interest in the Bank’s common shares.
Minority interest — other consists of the following:
September 30, | ||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
Preferred Stock of Chevy Chase’s REIT subsidiary | $ | 144,000 | $ | 144,000 | ||
Chevy Chase’s Preferred Stock (See Note 25) | 120,622 | 120,622 | ||||
Chevy Chase’s ground lease (See below) | 31,391 | 31,391 | ||||
Other | 127 | — | ||||
Total minority interest—other | $ | 296,140 | $ | 296,013 | ||
At September 30, 2008, the Bank is the primary beneficiary of one variable interest entity which holds the ground lease under the Bank’s executive offices. In April 1998, the Bank entered into a ground lease agreement with a single purpose LLC. The LLC’s only significant asset is the land on which the Bank’s executive office building was constructed. Lease payments made to the LLC are presented as minority interest in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The following is a schedule by years of the future lease payments under the agreement as of September 30, 2008:
Year Ending September 30, | (In thousands) | ||
2009 | $ | 3,798 | |
2010 | 3,874 | ||
2011 | 3,951 | ||
2012 | 4,030 | ||
2013 | 4,111 | ||
Thereafter | 258,216 | ||
Total | $ | 277,980 | |
The lease, which expires in year 2062, is subject to fixed rent adjustments. At the end of the lease term, the Bank has the option to purchase the land for $84.1 million from the LLC. The lease also allows the owners of the LLC to put their equity interests in the LLC to the Bank, subject to certain limitations.
The Bank consolidates the assets and liabilities of the LLC. As a result, property and equipment and minority interest on the Consolidated Balance Sheets each include $31.4 million at September 30, 2008 and 2007 related to the Bank’s involvement with the LLC.
Minority interest also includes the net cash proceeds received by a subsidiary of the Bank (the “REIT Subsidiary”) from the November 1996 sale of $150.0 million of its Noncumulative Exchangeable Preferred Stock, Series A, par value $5 per share (the “REIT Preferred Stock”). Cash dividends on the REIT Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears at an annual rate of 10- 3/8%. The liquidation value of each share of REIT Preferred Stock is $50 plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Except under certain limited circumstances, the holders of the REIT Preferred Stockholders have no voting rights. The REIT Preferred Stock is automatically exchangeable for a new series of Preferred Stock of the Bank upon the occurrence of certain events.
The REIT Preferred Stock is redeemable at the option of the REIT subsidiary at any time on or after January 15, 2007, in whole or in part, at the following per share redemption prices plus accrued and unpaid dividends:
If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning January 15, | Redemption Price | ||
2008 | $ | 52.075 | |
2009 | $ | 51.556 | |
2010 | $ | 51.038 | |
2011 | $ | 50.519 | |
2012 and thereafter | $ | 50.000 |
The Bank received OTS approval to include the net proceeds from the sale of the REIT Preferred Stock in the core capital of the Bank for regulatory capital purposes in an amount up to 25% of the Bank’s core capital. Dividends on the REIT Preferred Stock are presented as minority interest in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
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35. | INCOME TAXES—THE TRUST: |
The Trust voluntarily terminated its qualification as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code during fiscal 1978.
The provisions for income taxes for the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006, consist of the following:
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Current provision (benefit): | ||||||||||||
Federal | $ | 14,536 | $ | 48,666 | $ | 43,224 | ||||||
State | 8,722 | 8,120 | 2,869 | |||||||||
23,258 | 56,786 | 46,093 | ||||||||||
Deferred provision (benefit): | ||||||||||||
Federal | (26,594 | ) | (20,778 | ) | (5,277 | ) | ||||||
State | (10,296 | ) | (573 | ) | 482 | |||||||
(36,890 | ) | (21,351 | ) | (4,795 | ) | |||||||
Total | $ | (13,632 | ) | $ | 35,435 | $ | 41,298 | |||||
Tax effect of other equity transactions | $ | 398 | $ | 2,913 | $ | 1,210 | ||||||
The Trust’s effective income tax rate varies from the statutory Federal income tax rate as a result of the following factors:
|
| |||||||||||
Year Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Computed tax at statutory Federal income tax rate | $ | (4,432 | ) | $ | 37,907 | $ | 49,325 | |||||
Increase (reduction) in taxes resulting from: | ||||||||||||
Minority interest | (6,750 | ) | (6,724 | ) | (6,675 | ) | ||||||
Change in valuation allowance for deferred tax asset allocated to income tax expense | (80 | ) | 166 | (1,317 | ) | |||||||
State income taxes | (697 | ) | 5,404 | 3,086 | ||||||||
Tax credits | (1,650 | ) | (1,602 | ) | (1,097 | ) | ||||||
Other | (23 | ) | 284 | (2,024 | ) | |||||||
Total | $ | (13,632 | ) | $ | 35,435 | $ | 41,298 | |||||
The components of the net deferred tax asset (liability) were as follows:
September 30, | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
State net operating loss carry forwards | 11,223 | 16,731 | ||||||
Asset securitizations, net | 15,422 | 22,292 | ||||||
Provision for loan and lease losses | 120,445 | 18,642 | ||||||
Deferred compensation | 26,262 | 23,238 | ||||||
Other | 26,389 | 16,796 | ||||||
Gross deferred tax assets | 199,741 | 97,699 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
Unrealized holding losses on loans and investments, net | 40,672 | — | ||||||
Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 57,984 | 49,606 | ||||||
Mortgage servicing rights | 54,430 | 46,948 | ||||||
Property and depreciation | 13,985 | 6,771 | ||||||
Deferred expenses and other | 49,044 | 43,571 | ||||||
Gross deferred tax liabilities | 216,115 | 146,896 | ||||||
(16,374 | ) | (49,197 | ) | |||||
Valuation allowance | (3,994 | ) | (7,663 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax liability | $ | (20,368 | ) | $ | (56,860 | ) | ||
At September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust and the Bank had state net operating loss carryovers totaling approximately $136.2 and $80.3 million, respectively. The state net operating loss carryovers will expire in the years 2009 through 2028.
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The Trust establishes a valuation allowance against the gross deferred tax asset to the extent the Trust cannot determine that it is more likely than not such assets will be realized through taxes available in carryback years, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences or projected future taxable income. Such a valuation allowance has been established to reduce the gross deferred asset for state net operating loss carryforwards to an amount that is considered more likely than not to be realized. In fiscal year 2008, the Real Estate Trust determined that its available state net operating loss carryforwards and the resulting valuation allowances needed to be reduced for changes in apportionment of such loss carryforwards. In fiscal year 2007, the Real Estate Trust determined it will be able to utilize currently some of its state net operating loss carryforwards and, as a result, decreased the valuation allowance by $740,000. In addition, at the Real Estate Trust, state net operating loss carryforwards in excess of state deferred tax liabilities are fully reserved due to expected future state tax losses.
Management believes the existing net deductible temporary differences will reverse during periods in which the Bank generates taxable income in excess of Real Estate Trust taxable losses. Management believes that the positive consolidated earnings will continue as a result of the Bank’s earnings.
TAX SHARING AGREEMENT
The Trust’s affiliated group, including the Bank, entered into a tax sharing agreement dated June 28, 1990, as amended. This agreement provides that payments be made by members of the affiliated group to the Trust based on their respective allocable shares of the overall federal income tax liability of the affiliated group for taxable years and partial taxable years beginning on or after that date. In addition, the agreement also applies if some or all of the members file a consolidated return in any state.
Allocable shares of the overall tax liability are prorated among the members with taxable income calculated on a separate return basis. The agreement also provides that, to the extent net operating losses or tax credits of a particular member are used to reduce overall tax liability of the Trust’s affiliated group, such member will be reimbursed on a dollar-for-dollar basis by the other members of the affiliated group that have taxable income in an amount equal to such tax reduction. Under the tax sharing agreement, the Bank paid $2.0, $4.0 and $2.0 million, to the Real Estate Trust during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006.
In recent years, the operations of the Real Estate Trust have generated net operating losses while the Bank has reported net income. It is anticipated that the Trust’s consolidation of the Bank’s operations into the Trust’s federal income tax return will result in the use of the Real Estate Trust’s net operating losses to reduce the federal income taxes the Bank would otherwise owe. If in any future year, the Bank has taxable losses or unused credits, the Trust would be obligated to reimburse the Bank for the greater of (i) the tax benefit to the group using such tax losses or unused tax credits in the group’s consolidated Federal and state income tax returns or (ii) the amount of tax refund which the Bank would otherwise have been able to claim if it were not being included in the consolidated Federal and state income tax returns of the group.
36. | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY—THE TRUST: |
In June 1990, the Trust acquired from affiliated companies an additional equity interest in the Bank, which raised the Trust’s ownership share of the Bank to 80%. In exchange for the interest acquired, the Trust issued 450,000 shares of a new class of $10.50 cumulative preferred shares of beneficial interest with a par value of $1 (the “preferred shares”). The transaction has been accounted for at historical cost in a manner similar to the pooling of interests method because the entities are considered to be under common control. In addition, the Trust acquired two real estate properties from an affiliate in exchange for 66,000 preferred shares.
The Trust paid preferred dividends of $5.4 million per year in fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. At September 30, 2008 and 2007, there were no dividends in arrears on the preferred shares.
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37. | INDUSTRY SEGMENT INFORMATION—REAL ESTATE TRUST: |
Industry segment information with regard to the Real Estate Trust is presented below. For information regarding the Bank, please refer to the “Banking” sections of the accompanying financial statements.
Year Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
INCOME (from continuing operations) | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 149,797 | $ | 144,665 | $ | 127,238 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 47,122 | 43,475 | 39,984 | |||||||||
Residential | 6,532 | 9,820 | — | |||||||||
Other | 705 | 1,585 | 2,415 | |||||||||
$ | 204,156 | $ | 199,545 | $ | 169,637 | |||||||
OPERATING PROFIT (LOSS) (from continuing operations) (1) | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 35,446 | $ | 38,621 | $ | 37,137 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 16,530 | 18,229 | 18,303 | |||||||||
Residential | 561 | 1,553 | — | |||||||||
Other | (746 | ) | 226 | 1,215 | ||||||||
51,791 | 58,629 | 56,655 | ||||||||||
Equity earnings of unconsolidated entities | 11,655 | 12,540 | 10,051 | |||||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers stock | 30,356 | — | — | |||||||||
Gain on sales of property | 2,515 | 1,534 | 416 | |||||||||
Interest and amortization of debt expense | (58,222 | ) | (54,043 | ) | (50,516 | ) | ||||||
Advisory fee, management and leasing fees - related parties | (17,438 | ) | (16,696 | ) | (15,480 | ) | ||||||
General and administrative | (3,654 | ) | (4,462 | ) | (3,156 | ) | ||||||
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 17,003 | $ | (2,498 | ) | $ | (2,030 | ) | ||||
IDENTIFIABLE ASSETS (AT YEAR END) | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 358,796 | $ | 326,479 | $ | 296,174 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 240,022 | 202,857 | 142,514 | |||||||||
Residential | 14,312 | 25,605 | 16,401 | |||||||||
Other | 132,630 | 196,945 | 207,723 | |||||||||
$ | 745,760 | $ | 751,886 | $ | 662,812 | |||||||
INTEREST AND AMORTIZATION OF DEBT EXPENSE (from continuing operations) | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 21,047 | $ | 19,833 | $ | 14,262 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 16,843 | 14,562 | 12,456 | |||||||||
Other | 20,332 | 19,648 | 23,798 | |||||||||
$ | 58,222 | $ | 54,043 | $ | 50,516 | |||||||
DEPRECIATION (from continuing operations) | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 16,119 | $ | 13,545 | $ | 12,060 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 10,737 | 9,190 | 8,307 | |||||||||
Other | 20 | 23 | 23 | |||||||||
$ | 26,876 | $ | 22,758 | $ | 20,390 | |||||||
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES AND PROPERTY ACQUISITIONS | ||||||||||||
Hotels | $ | 22,838 | $ | 38,158 | $ | 130,468 | ||||||
Office and industrial properties | 49,169 | 74,140 | 17,268 | |||||||||
Residential, net of $5,416 allocated to cost of sales in 2008 | (3,799 | ) | 11,174 | 11,719 | ||||||||
Other | 800 | 1,665 | 1,382 | |||||||||
$ | 69,008 | $ | 125,137 | $ | 160,837 | |||||||
(1) | Operating profit (loss) includes income less direct operating expenses and depreciation. |
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38. | CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – THE TRUST: |
These condensed financial statements reflect the Real Estate Trust and all its consolidated subsidiaries except for the Bank which has been reflected on the equity method.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Income-producing properties | $ | 693,193 | $ | 654,538 | ||||
Accumulated depreciation | (255,695 | ) | (236,685 | ) | ||||
437,498 | 417,853 | |||||||
Land parcels | 51,204 | 43,354 | ||||||
Construction in progress | 91,932 | 83,756 | ||||||
Equity investment in bank | 569,659 | 553,384 | ||||||
Equity investment in Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 85,904 | 127,079 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 10,274 | 8,889 | ||||||
Note receivable and accrued interest - related party | — | 5,400 | ||||||
Other assets | 68,785 | 65,392 | ||||||
TOTAL ASSETS | $ | 1,315,256 | $ | 1,305,107 | ||||
LIABILITIES | ||||||||
Mortgage notes payable | $ | 615,152 | $ | 579,639 | ||||
Notes payable – secured | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
Revolving credit facility outstanding | 15,000 | 14,000 | ||||||
Other liabilities and accrued expenses | 85,036 | 79,533 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES | 965,188 | 923,172 | ||||||
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | 350,068 | 381,935 | ||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | $ | 1,315,256 | $ | 1,305,107 | ||||
* | See Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity |
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Year Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Total income | $ | 204,156 | $ | 199,545 | $ | 169,637 | ||||||
Total expenses | (231,679 | ) | (216,117 | ) | (182,134 | ) | ||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities, net | 11,443 | 12,540 | 10,051 | |||||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers stock | 30,356 | — | — | |||||||||
Gain on sales of property | — | 1,534 | 416 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of investment | 2,727 | — | — | |||||||||
Real estate operating income (loss) from continuing operations | 17,003 | (2,498 | ) | (2,030 | ) | |||||||
Equity in (losses) earnings of Bank | (31,549 | ) | 36,165 | 54,388 | ||||||||
Total company operating (loss) income | (14,546 | ) | 33,667 | 52,358 | ||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit | (5,882 | ) | 950 | 2,014 | ||||||||
Discontinued operations-net of income tax benefit | — | — | 2,590 | |||||||||
TOTAL COMPANY NET (LOSS) INCOME | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | |||||
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CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Net income | $ | (20,428 | ) | $ | 34,617 | $ | 56,962 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation | 26,876 | 22,758 | 20,390 | |||||||||
Deferred tax expense | 8,993 | 72 | 4,121 | |||||||||
Gain on sale of discontinued real estate projects | — | — | (6,286 | ) | ||||||||
Gain on sale of investment | (2,727 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Gain on partial sale of Saul Centers stock | (30,356 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Gain on sale of real estate | — | (1,534 | ) | (416 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of debt expense | 2,582 | 2,346 | 2,672 | |||||||||
Equity in losses of unconsolidated entities – other | 212 | — | 503 | |||||||||
Equity in losses (earnings) of Bank | 31,549 | (36,165 | ) | (54,388 | ) | |||||||
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable and accrued income | (622 | ) | 3,018 | (5,020 | ) | |||||||
Increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses | 1,753 | 1,368 | 2,318 | |||||||||
Decrease in deferred gain-debt forgiveness | — | — | (593 | ) | ||||||||
Bank dividends | — | 16,000 | 32,000 | |||||||||
Other | (1,747 | ) | (2,383 | ) | (4,544 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 16,085 | 40,097 | 47,719 | |||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Property acquisitions | — | (47,187 | ) | (108,029 | ) | |||||||
Development/redevelopment expenditures | (46,567 | ) | (58,852 | ) | (20,973 | ) | ||||||
Capital expenditures | (22,441 | ) | (19,098 | ) | (31,835 | ) | ||||||
Property sales | — | 1,810 | 17,146 | |||||||||
Note receivable and accrued interest – related party | ||||||||||||
Repayments | 33,071 | 37,025 | 20,300 | |||||||||
Advances | (27,671 | ) | (32,125 | ) | (17,500 | ) | ||||||
Capital contribution to Bank | (48,000 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
Distributions in excess of equity in earnings from Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | 5,924 | 3,639 | 4,268 | |||||||||
Purchases of Saul Holdings and Saul Centers | — | (32,592 | ) | (15,290 | ) | |||||||
Saul Centers stock sale proceeds, net | 66,741 | — | — | |||||||||
Sale proceeds from other investments | 5,870 | — | — | |||||||||
Other investments | (5,036 | ) | 110 | (431 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (38,109 | ) | (147,270 | ) | (152,344 | ) | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||
Mortgage financing | ||||||||||||
Proceeds | 73,327 | 118,142 | 294,882 | |||||||||
Principal curtailments | (7,420 | ) | (6,267 | ) | (12,678 | ) | ||||||
Payoffs | (30,394 | ) | (20,575 | ) | (93,430 | ) | ||||||
Notes payable-unsecured | ||||||||||||
Proceeds | — | — | 935 | |||||||||
Repayments | — | (21,398 | ) | (37,297 | ) | |||||||
Revolving credit facilities outstanding | ||||||||||||
Proceeds | 87,000 | 117,200 | 60,000 | |||||||||
Repayments | (86,000 | ) | (103,200 | ) | (60,000 | ) | ||||||
Unsecured bridge loan | ||||||||||||
Proceeds | — | — | 86,193 | |||||||||
Repayments | — | — | (86,193 | ) | ||||||||
Costs of obtaining financings | (1,104 | ) | (2,231 | ) | (3,316 | ) | ||||||
Dividends paid | (12,000 | ) | (12,000 | ) | (12,000 | ) | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 23,409 | 69,671 | 137,096 | |||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 1,385 | (37,502 | ) | 32,471 | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 8,889 | 46,391 | 13,920 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 10,274 | $ | 8,889 | $ | 46,391 | ||||||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – (Continued)
39. | SUBSEQUENT EVENT – THE TRUST: |
On December 4, 2008, Capital One Financial Corporation (“Capital One”), and the Trust, Derwood and the Plan (collectively the “Shareholders”) announced they had signed a Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Shareholders agreed to sell all of the Shares of common stock of the Bank to Capital One, less certain excluded assets. The Excluded Assets Distribution to the Shareholders will be on or prior to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Closing. The Purchase Agreement contemplates that the Bank’s 8% Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C and the Bank’s 6 7/8% Debentures due 2013 issued by the Bank pursuant to an Indenture, dated December 2, 2003, by and between the Bank and Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, N.A. will remain outstanding through the Closing.
In consideration for the Shares, Capital One has agreed to pay to the Shareholders $445 million in cash and issue to them an aggregate of approximately 2.56 million shares of Capital One common stock, valued at $75 million based on the closing price of Capital One common stock as of December 2, 2008. In addition, subject to certain performance contingencies relating to the Bank’s option ARM portfolio, Capital One also agreed to pay additional consideration to the Shareholders.
The Purchase Agreement, which has been approved by the Boards of Directors of Capital One and Derwood, the Board of Trustees of the Trust and the Trustees of the Plan, contains customary representations and warranties and indemnification provisions. The Closing and the Excluded Assets Distribution are subject to customary conditions, including obtaining necessary regulatory approvals. The Closing is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2009.
Upon completion of the transaction, with proceeds from the transaction, the Real Estate Trust will redeem the $250.0 million, 7.5% Senior Secured Notes due 2014 which hold a first priority perfected security interest in the common stock of the Bank held by the Real Estate Trust.
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ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
None.
ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. The Trust maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Trust’s reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Trust’s management, including its Chairman and its Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures based closely on the definition of “disclosure controls and procedures” in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Trust’s Chairman and its Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by the Trust’s management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
• | pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Trust’s assets; |
• | provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that the Trust’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management or the Trust’s Board of Trustees; and |
• | provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Trust’s assets that could have a material adverse effect on the Trust’s financial statements. |
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Management, including the Trust’s Chairman and its Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures or the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors or all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Trust have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management’s override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Scope of the Assessments
The assessment by the Trust’s Chairman and its Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures and the assessment by our management of our internal control over financial reporting included a review of procedures and discussions with other employees in the Trust’s organization. In the course of the assessments, management sought to identify data errors, control problems or acts of fraud and to confirm that appropriate corrective action, including process improvements, were being undertaken.
Management used the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The assessments of the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures is done on a periodic basis so that the conclusions can be reported each quarter on the Trust’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, including the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K with respect to the fourth quarter. The Trust’s internal control over financial reporting is also assessed on an ongoing basis by management and other personnel in the Trust’s accounting department. The Trust considers the results of these various assessment activities as it monitors its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting and when deciding to make modifications as necessary. Management’s intent in this regard is that the disclosure controls and procedures and the internal control over financial reporting will be maintained and updated (including improvements and corrections) as conditions warrant.
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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based upon the evaluation, the Trust’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of September 30, 2008, the Trust’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate control over financial reporting. Management used the criteria issued by COSO in Internal Control—Integrated Framework to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Based upon the assessments, management has concluded that as of September 30, 2008, the Trust’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Trust made no change to its internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.
No Attestation Report by Registered Public Accounting Firm
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Trust’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal controls over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Trust’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Trust to provide only Management’s report in this annual report.
ITEM 9B. | OTHER ITEMS |
None.
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PART III
ITEM 10. | TRUSTEES, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
The Declaration of Trust provides that there shall be no fewer than three nor more than twelve trustees, as determined from time to time by the trustees in office. The Board of Trustees has fixed its permanent membership at six trustees divided into three classes with overlapping three-year terms. The term of each class expires at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which is usually held on the last Friday of January.
The following list sets forth the name, age, position with the Trust, present principal occupation or employment and material occupations, positions, offices or employments during the past five years of each trustee and executive officer of the Trust. Unless otherwise indicated, each individual has held an office with the Trust for at least the past five years.
Class One Trustees—Terms End at the 2009 Annual Meeting
Philip D. Caraci, age 70 was elected a Trustee in 2003. For the previous six years he served as Senior Vice President and Secretary of the Trust, Executive Vice President of Saul Company, Senior Vice President of the Advisor, Chairman of the Board of Saul Property Co., and a Director and President of Saul Centers. Mr. Caraci is also a member of the ASB Real Estate Advisory Committee, a subsidiary of Chevy Chase.
Gilbert M. Grosvenor, age 77 has served as a Trustee since 1971. Mr. Grosvenor also serves as Chairman of the Board of the National Geographic Society and as a Director of Chevy Chase Bank and Saul Centers.
Class Two Trustees—Terms End at the 2010 Annual Meeting
George M. Rogers, Jr., age 75 has served as a Trustee since 1969. Mr. Rogers is a Senior Counsel in the law firm of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, Washington, DC, which serves as counsel to the Trust and Chevy Chase. Mr. Rogers serves as a Director of Chevy Chase, Saul Company, CCPC, Westminster Investing Corporation, and Chevy Chase Lake Corporation.
B. Francis Saul III, age 46 is Senior Vice President of the Trust and has served as a Trustee since 1997. Mr. Saul also serves as a Director and Vice Chairman of Chevy Chase and as a Director and/or Officer of Saul Company, Saul Property Co., CCPC and Westminster Investing Corporation. He is President and Director of Saul Centers. He is also Chairman Emeritus of the Boys & Girls Clubs of Greater Washington, Past Vice Chairman of Children’s National Medical Center, and a Director of The Conservation Fund and The Economic Club of Washington. Mr. Saul is the son of B. Francis Saul II.
Class Three Trustees—Terms End at the 2011 Annual Meeting
B. Francis Saul II, age 76 has served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Trust since 1969 and as a Trustee since 1964. Mr. Saul also serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of B.F. Saul Company, Chevy Chase and Saul Centers, as President and Chairman of the Board of Directors of CCPC, Westminster Investing Company, and Chevy Chase Lake Corporation, and as a Trustee of the National Geographic and the John Hopkins Medicine Board. Mr. Saul is the father of B. Francis Saul III.
John R. Whitmore, age 75 has served as a Trustee since 1984. He is a Financial Advisor who served as Senior Advisor to The Bessemer Group, Incorporated (a financial management and banking firm) and its Bessemer Trust Company subsidiaries from 1999 to 2003. Mr. Whitmore is a director of Chevy Chase, CCPC, Saul Company and Saul Centers. During the period 1975-1998, Mr. Whitmore was President and Chief Executive Officer of Bessemer Group, Incorporated and its Bessemer Trust Company subsidiaries and a director of Bessemer Securities Corporation.
Executive Officers of the Trust Who Are Not Directors
Stephen R. Halpin, Jr., age 53 serves as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Trust, and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Saul Company. He also serves as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Chevy Chase.
Thomas H. McCormick, age 58 joined the Trust in February 2005 and serves as General Counsel of the Trust, Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Chevy Chase, Senior Vice President and General Counsel and a Director of B.F. Saul Company and Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Saul Centers. Prior to joining the Trust, Mr. McCormick was a senior partner with the law firm Shaw Pittman LLP, now know as Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP. He also served as the Chair of Shaw Pittman’s Board of Directors and its Corporate and Securities group.
Patrick T. Connors, age 46 has served as a Vice President of the Trust and Senior Vice President of Saul Company since January 2000. For the previous four years, he was an attorney with the law firm of Shaw Pittman LLP, Washington, DC.
Kenneth D. Shoop,age 49 joined the Trust in September 2003 and serves as Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer, of the Trust, Treasurer and Vice President of Saul Company, the Advisor, Saul Property Company and Chief Accounting Officer and Vice President of Saul Centers. Prior to joining the Trust, Mr. Shoop was Vice President and Controller of Federal Realty Investment Trust.
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Ross E. Heasley, age 69 serves as Vice President of the Trust, Saul Company, the Advisor, Saul Property Co. and Saul Centers.
John A. Spain, age 45 serves as Vice President of the Trust and Saul Company.
Committees | of the Board of Trustees |
The Board of Trustees met four times during fiscal 2008. Each member of the Board attended all of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board and of the committees of the Board on which he served.
The Board of Trustees has two standing committees: the Audit Committee and the Executive Committee.
The Audit Committee is composed of Messrs. Caraci and Grosvenor. The Audit Committee’s duties include nominating the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, discussing with them the scope of their examination of the Trust, reviewing with them the Trust’s financial statements and accompanying report, and reviewing their recommendations regarding internal controls and related matters. This committee met four times during fiscal 2008.
None of the members of the Audit Committee qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as such term is defined in the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. A substantial portion of the Trust’s consolidated assets are held, and operations are performed, at the Bank level. As of September 30, 2008, the Bank accounted for 95% of the Trust’s assets on a consolidated basis and, for the year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank accounted for 86% of the Trust’s revenue on a consolidated basis. Because the Bank operates in a highly regulated industry and has audited financial statements that are reviewed and approved by its own audit committee, which includes two persons who are deemed audit committee financial experts, the Board of Trustees has determined that it is not necessary for the Audit Committee of the Trust to include an audit committee financial expert at this time. In addition, the Board of Trustees has noted that Mr. Caraci, in his previous position as President of Saul Centers, gained substantial experience regarding accounting issues of the breadth and complexity that typically arise in connection with the Real Estate Trust’s business.
The Executive Committee is composed of Messrs. Rogers, Saul II and Whitmore. It is empowered to oversee day-to-day actions of Saul Company and Saul Property Co. in connection with the operations of the Trust, including the acquisition, administration, sale or disposition of investments. No meetings of this committee were held during fiscal 2008.
Trustees of the Trust are currently paid an annual retainer of $12,500 and a fee of $600 for each board or committee meeting attended. Trustees from outside the Washington, D.C. area are also reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with their attendance at meetings. Mr. Saul II is not paid for attending Executive Committee meetings. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008, the Real Estate Trust paid total fees of $94,000 to the Trustees, including $15,000 to Mr. Saul II. Two of the Trustees have historically elected to defer the receipt of their fees. Interest is accrued on these fees at the two year treasury rate, adjusted quarterly. Deferred fees totaled $30,000 in fiscal 2008. Interest accrued on the deferred balances totaled $13,000 in fiscal 2008. At September 30, 2008, the payable due to the Trustees totaled $525,000. These funds are available to the Trustees upon their request.
Code of Ethics
The Trust’s officers and trustees are governed by a code of ethics. The code of ethics will be made available free of charge to any person upon request. Requests shall be made in writing to Mr. Kenneth D. Shoop, Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, B.F. Saul Real Estate Investment Trust, 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
The Real Estate Trust pays no compensation to its executive officers for their services in such capacity. Messrs. Saul II, Halpin, Saul III and McCormick receive compensation from Chevy Chase for their services as officers of Chevy Chase. No other executive officers of the Real Estate Trust received any compensation from the Real Estate Trust or its subsidiaries with respect to any of the fiscal years ended September 30, 2008, 2008 and 2007.
The Bank’s executive compensation philosophy, policies, plans and programs are generally established by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank, subject to review and approval by the Compensation Committee (for purposes of this discussion and analysis, the “Committee”) of the Bank’s Board of Directors. While the Committee is ultimately responsible for approving the compensation elements and amounts paid to named executive officers, the Committee asks for and customarily accepts the recommendations of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. This arrangement reflects the fact that the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is, indirectly, a significant shareholder who, together with his immediate and extended family, owns indirectly approximately 96% of the Bank. Thus, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is uniquely positioned to act in the best interests of the shareholders. The Chairman and Chief Executive Officer does not participate in the Committee’s discussion of his own compensation and similarly abstains from voting on his own compensation. In reviewing the compensation of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, the Committee informally informs itself of the general compensation levels of chief executive officers of comparable financial institutions. In reviewing the compensation of other executive officers, the Committee relies on the information provided by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
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In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the individuals who served as the Bank’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and as the Bank’s Chief Financial Officer during fiscal 2008, as well as two other individuals included in the Summary Compensation Table on page 143, are referred to as the “named executive officers.” The Bank has not adopted any specific policies concerning the relationship of corporate performance to executive compensation. Instead, the Bank follows a more flexible approach which it believes to be better suited to the specific circumstances of the Bank.
Generally, decisions with respect to the Bank’s executive compensation are designed to achieve the following objectives:
• | focus executive officers on both annual and long-term business results; and |
• | provide executive compensation packages that attract, retain and motivate individuals of the highest qualifications, experience and ability. |
Elements of Compensation
Consistent with the Bank’s compensation objectives described above, our executive compensation program is designed to be competitive with those of other banks that are similar in size and scope of operations to the Bank.
The total compensation program for the named executive officers includes base salary, a bonus based on the executive’s performance, a long-term incentive award under the Bank’s Deferred Compensation Plan, retirement plans and perquisites. Because the Bank’s common stock is privately held, the Bank does not offer stock options or other equity awards as part of its compensation program.
As part of the review of compensation, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, as well as the Committee, has access to a variety of information, including each individual’s tenure, level of responsibility and performance, as well as factors relating to the overall financial performance of the Bank, the value of the Bank’s franchise, the results of regulatory examinations, and the Bank’s overall compliance status. Executive level compensation of banks of comparable size to the Bank is also taken into account. Neither the Bank nor the Committee uses an outside compensation consultant and the bank has no plans to engage one for the foreseeable future. In determining compensation of its senior officers, the Bank seeks to maintain a competitive position in the marketplace, taking into account that it does not offer equity-based compensation programs.
There is no pre-established policy or target for the allocation between either cash and non-cash, or short and long-term incentive compensation.
Base Salary
The Bank provides a base salary to attract and retain executive officers and compensate them for their services during the year. Salary levels typically are reviewed on an annual basis. Increases to salaries of named executive officers are based on an assessment of the individual’s job performance with consideration given to the Bank’s overall performance. The ongoing turmoil in the credit markets and deteriorating conditions in the U.S. housing markets worsened since the beginning of the current fiscal year. Based on a review of these factors and their impact on the Bank’s performance, no increase in base salary was recommended for any of the named executive officers in 2008. In 2007 the base salary percentage increase for the named executive officers’ as a group totaled 6.9% as compared to the approximately 4.2% increase for other officers. Mr. Saul II received a $100,000 (or 5.13%) increase. Messrs. Halpin (7.7%) and McCormick (8.3%) each received a $50,000 increase. Mr. Saul III (13.3%) received a $40,000 increase.
Short-Term Incentive Compensation- Cash Bonuses
The Bank pays bonuses to its named executive officers in order to reward the named executive officers for achieving short-term business objectives. As with the other components of the officers’ compensation, specific benchmarks are not used to determine the amount of the awards, but rather a more flexible approach is employed. Accordingly, a variety of factors are considered, including the Bank’s overall performance in light of market conditions. In 2008 the cash bonuses awarded totaled 80% of the 2007 bonus awards which at that time were generally based on a percentage of salary. Mr. McCormick received a $72,000 bonus, Mr. Halpin received a $78,000 bonus and Mr. Saul III received a $36,000 bonus. Mr. Saul II received a cash bonus of $2,200,000. In 2007 Mr. McCormick received a 15% ($90,000) bonus. Mr. Halpin received a 15% bonus ($97,500), plus an additional cash award of $100,000. Mr. Saul III received a 15% ($45,000) bonus. Mr. Saul II received a cash bonus of $2,750,000, a 10% increase over his bonus in fiscal 2006.
Long-Term Incentive Program
The Bank maintains a Deferred Compensation Plan to provide long-term incentives for the named executive officers. Because the Bank is privately held and does not issue stock grants or stock options, the Deferred Compensation Plan is intended, in part, to provide incentives similar to those provided under other companies’ stock plans. The Deferred Compensation Plan is designed to reward the prior year’s performance because the amount granted to each named executive officer’s account varies based on an assessment of individual and business performance in
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the prior fiscal year. Second, the Deferred Compensation Plan functions as a long-term incentive, and as a result, over time, the value of the grant should increase as the performance of the business improves. Third, the vesting schedule for the Deferred Compensation Plan provides incentives for the named executives to continue their employment with the Bank. Deferred Compensation Awards were granted in 2008 for fiscal year 2007 to Mr. Saul II ($950,000), Mr. Halpin ($200,000), Mr. Saul III ($45,000), and Mr. McCormick ($200,000). Deferred Compensation Awards were granted in 2007 for fiscal year 2006 to Mr. Saul II ($950,000), Mr. Halpin ($200,000), Mr. Saul III ($45,000), and Mr. McCormick ($200,000). The Deferred Compensation Awards granted in 2008 and 2007 reflect the contributions made by the named executive officers and the Bank’s overall performance.
Retirement Plans
The retirement plans available to the Bank’s named executive officers are the B.F. Saul Company Employees Profit Sharing Retirement Plan, the B.F. Saul Company Employees’ 401(k) Retirement Plan, defined contribution plans, and the Bank’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP”). In addition, certain of the named executive officers have entered into “Special Retirement Compensation Agreements,” discussed below under Note 26 – Compensation Plans.
Perquisites
The Bank provides named executive officers with perquisites and other personal benefits that the Bank believes to be reasonable and consistent with its overall compensation program to better enable the Bank to attract and retain superior employees for key positions. The Bank’s executive officers participate in the health and dental coverage, life insurance, paid vacation and holiday, company-owned automobiles and other programs that are generally available to all of the Company’s employees. The Bank periodically reviews the levels of perquisites and other personal benefits provided to named executive officers.
Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change In Control
Changes in employment status such as termination, death or disability, change in control or retirement can trigger a benefit or accelerate a benefit for our salaried employees, including the named executive officers. These payments are set forth below.
Payments Made Upon Termination
In general, when a named executive officer terminates employment with the Bank, other than a termination for cause, the named executive officer is entitled to receive the amounts they have earned during the term of their employment and any benefits allowed as part of our compensation plans. These amounts that they will receive include the following:
• | amounts contributed under the defined contribution plan; |
• | unused vacation pay; and |
• | amounts accrued and vested under the Deferred Compensation Plan and the SERP for those named executive officers who have reached the eligible retirement age. |
Payments Made Upon Death or Disability
In the event of the death or disability of a named executive officer, in addition to the items identified above, all named executive officers will receive benefits under the disability plan or payments under the life insurance plan, as appropriate.
Payments Made Upon a Change In Control
Messrs. Halpin and McCormick have entered into agreements with the Bank entitled “Agreement For Executive Level Officers Governing Confidentiality, Nonsolicitation, Ownership of Certain Works and Termination Upon Change of Control” under which the executive officer has agreed not to compete with, solicit customers of or solicit the employees of the Bank for stated periods following any termination of employment with the Bank. In addition, the Bank agrees to pay the executive a specified amount if the executive is terminated without cause or resigns because of a material detrimental change in the terms of the executive’s employment in the three-year period following a change of control of the Bank. The amount payable varies, and the estimated potential minimum and maximum payouts for the named executive officers are 100% and 600% of base salary and bonus, respectively, depending on their tenure with the Bank at the time of the event and the per share price at which the triggering event has occurred.
Tax Impact on Compensation Decisions
The Bank has considered the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which generally limits the annual tax deductibility of compensation paid to each named executive officer to $1 million. To the extent possible, the Bank intends to preserve the federal income tax deductibility, but may choose to provide compensation that may not be deductible if it believes that such payments are appropriate to ensure that our named executive officers receive total compensation that is competitive with other banks, or reflects superior performance.
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Recovery of Compensation
The Bank has no policies for recovery of compensation in the event of financial adjustments or restatements.
Report of the Compensation Committee
The Bank’s Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K with Bank management and, based on such review and discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Bank’s Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in the Bank’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Members of the Bank’s Compensation Committee |
Garland P. Moore, Jr. |
George M. Rogers, Jr. |
B. Francis Saul II |
The report of the Compensation Committee does not constitute soliciting material and should not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except to the extent the Bank specifically requests that the information be treated as soliciting material or incorporates this item therein by reference.
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Summary of Cash and Certain Other Compensation
General.The following table sets forth information for fiscal 2008 and 2007 regarding the compensation earned by the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Bank and Messrs. Saul III and McCormick, for all capacities in which they served the Bank.
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position (a) | Year (b) | Salary ($) (c) | Bonus ($) (d) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) (g) | Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings($)(1) (h) | All Other Compensation ($)(2) (3) (i) | Total ($) (j) | |||||||||||||
B. Francis Saul, II Chairman and Chief | 2008 | $ | 2,050,000 | $ | 2,200,000 | $ | 950,000 | $ | 978,874 | $ | 316,870 | $ | 6,495,744 | |||||||
Executive Officer | 2007 | $ | 1,988,462 | $ | 2,750,000 | $ | 950,000 | $ | 634,332 | $ | 344,055 | $ | 6,666,849 | |||||||
Stephen R. Halpin, Jr. Executive Vice President | 2008 | $ | 700,000 | $ | 78,000 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 98,819 | $ | 117,179 | $ | 1,193,998 | |||||||
And Chief Financial Officer | 2007 | $ | 669,231 | $ | 197,500 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 71,554 | $ | 135,125 | $ | 1,273,410 | |||||||
B. Francis Saul, III | 2008 | $ | 340,000 | $ | 36,000 | $ | 45,000 | $ | 28,534 | $ | 24,258 | $ | 473,792 | |||||||
Vice Chairman | 2007 | $ | 315,385 | $ | 45,000 | $ | 45,000 | $ | 17,117 | $ | 23,168 | $ | 445,670 | |||||||
Thomas H. McCormick | 2008 | $ | 650,000 | $ | 72,000 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 7,896 | $ | 58,713 | $ | 988,609 | |||||||
Executive Vice President | 2007 | $ | 619,231 | $ | 90,000 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 3,225 | $ | 57,757 | $ | 970,213 |
(1) | The amounts shown in the “Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings” include the aggregate earnings for fiscal year 2008 for each named executive officer under the Bank’s Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan, discussed below in the “Nonqualified Deferred Compensation” table and the accompanying text. |
(2) | The total amounts shown in the “All Other Compensation” column for fiscal year 2008 consist of the following: |
• | contributions made by the Bank to the Bank’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($301,158), Mr. Halpin ($43,035), Mr. Saul III ($22,560), and Mr. McCormick ($29,520); |
• | the taxable benefit of premiums paid by the Bank for group term life insurance on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($11,112), Mr. Halpin ($2,610), Mr. Saul III ($1,698), and Mr. McCormick ($4,890); |
• | contributions to the B. F. Saul Company Employees Profit Sharing Retirement Plan (the “Retirement Plan”), a defined contribution plan, on behalf of Mr. Halpin ($13,500), and Mr. McCormick ($13,500); |
• | accrued compensation on behalf of Mr. Halpin ($55,653) for the “Special Retirement Compensation Agreements” under which the executive could receive an amount up to three times his base compensation if he retires from the Bank after reaching age 63. |
• | the taxable benefit of the personal use of a bank-owned automobile on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($4,600), Mr. Halpin ($2,381), and Mr. McCormick ($10,803). |
(3) | The total amounts shown in the “All Other Compensation” column for fiscal year 2007 consist of the following: |
• | contributions made by the Bank to the Bank’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($328,343), Mr. Halpin ($48,289), Mr. Saul III ($21,623), and Mr. McCormick ($29,169); |
• | the taxable benefit of premiums paid by the Bank for group term life insurance on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($11,112), Mr. Halpin ($2,610), Mr. Saul III ($1,545), and Mr. McCormick ($4,890); |
• | contributions to the B. F. Saul Company Employees Profit Sharing Retirement Plan (the “Retirement Plan”), a defined contribution plan, on behalf of Mr. Halpin ($13,500), and Mr. McCormick ($13,500); |
• | accrued compensation on behalf of Mr. Halpin ($67,188) for the “Special Retirement Compensation Agreements” under which the executive could receive an amount up to three times his base compensation if he retires from the Bank after reaching age 63. |
• | the taxable benefit of the personal use of a bank-owned automobile on behalf of Mr. Saul II ($4,600), Mr. Halpin ($3,538), and Mr. McCormick ($10,198). |
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Grants of Plan-Based Awards
Name | Grant Date | Estimated Future Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards (1)(3) | |||||||||
Threshold ($) | Target ($)(2) | Maximum ($) | |||||||||
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (e) | |||||||
B. Francis Saul, II Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | 03/07/2008 | $ | 950,000 | $ | 2,050,979 | $ | 5,882,150 | ||||
Stephen R. Halpin, Jr. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | 03/07/2008 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 431,785 | $ | 1,238,347 | ||||
B. Francis Saul, III Vice Chairman | 03/07/2008 | $ | 70,000 | $ | 151,125 | $ | 433,422 | ||||
Thomas H. McCormick Executive Vice President | 03/07/2008 | $ | 200,000 | $ | 431,785 | $ | 1,238,347 |
(1) | The estimated future payouts shown in the table are based on assumed performance rates for the Bank during each year in the ten-year performance period. The actual payouts under the Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) may vary substantially from the payouts shown in the table, depending upon the Bank’s actual rate of return on average assets for each fiscal year in the ten-year performance period ending September 30, 2017. |
(2) | The Plan does not establish any target performance levels. The target payout amounts shown in this column have been calculated assuming that the Bank generates a 0.50% rate of return on average assets during each of the years in the performance period, which equates to hypothetical interest of 8% being credited to the account for each year. |
(3) | The payout amounts shown for all participants are the estimated amounts that would be payable to such participants if their employment continued with the Bank for the entire ten-year performance period of the Plan. Mr. Saul attained the age of 72 in 2004, at which time he became fully vested in the Account maintained for his benefit under the Plan. As of September 30, 2008 and 2007, the vested account balance maintained for Mr. Saul’s benefit under the Plan was $10,071,394 and $9,890,700, respectively. Under the Plan, if Mr. Saul were to retire after that date, he could elect to have the Bank pay out the Net Contribution (defined below) in his Account prior to the year 2017. |
At September 30, 2008, the following individuals have vested amounts that are payable within 120 days after September 30, 2008: Mr. Saul II ($705,197) and Mr. Halpin ($153,861).
The Plan provides that, as of the end of each fiscal year in the ten-year period ending September 30, 2017 (or the executive officer’s earlier termination of employment with the Bank), the Bank will add to or deduct from each executive officer’s Account a contribution or deduction, as the case may be, which represents the hypothetical interest (which may be positive or negative) earned on the Principal Contribution, based on the Bank’s rate of return on average assets (as computed under the Plan) for the fiscal year then ended. (The Principal Contribution, plus or minus any interest credited or deducted, is referred to as the “Net Contribution.”)
Executive officers are entitled to receive the Net Contribution in their respective Account only upon full or partial vesting. Plan participants become fully vested in their Account under the Plan, provided that they remain continuously employed by the Bank during the vesting period, upon the earliest to occur of any of the following:
• | September 30, 2017; |
• | attainment of age 65; |
• | death; |
• | total and permanent disability; or |
• | a change in control of the Bank (as defined in the Plan). |
Plan participants become partially vested, to the extent of 50% of the Net Contribution in the Account, upon the termination of their employment by the Bank without cause (as defined in the Plan) after September 30, 2012.
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Payouts are made under the Plan within 120 days after September 30, 2017, or the earlier termination of the executive officer’s employment with the Bank, provided that vesting or partial vesting has occurred under the Plan.
Other Compensation Agreements
In addition to the change in control agreements discussed in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change In Control,” Mr. Halpin also has entered into “Special Retirement Compensation Agreements” under which the executive could receive an amount up to three times his base compensation if he retires from the Bank after reaching age 63. As of September 30, 2008, accrued compensation on behalf of Mr. Halpin totaled $456,869. As of September 30, 2007, accrued compensation on behalf of Mr. Halpin totaled $401,216. An executive may receive payment under either the change in control agreement or under the Special Retirement Compensation Agreement, but not both.
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
Name | Executive ($) | Registrant ($) | Aggregate ($) | Aggregate ($) | Aggregate at Last FYE ($) | ||||||||||||
(a) | (b) | (c) | (d) | (e) | (f) | ||||||||||||
B. Francis Saul, II Chairman and Chief | 2008 | $ | 100,386 | $ | 1,251,158 | $ | 978,874 | $ | 769,306 | $ | 19,894,515 | ||||||
Executive Officer | 2007 | $ | 109,448 | $ | 1,278,343 | $ | 634,332 | $ | 733,918 | $ | 18,333,403 | ||||||
Stephen R. Halpin, Jr. Executive Vice President | 2008 | $ | 14,345 | $ | 207,035 | $ | 98,819 | $ | 169,247 | $ | 2,453,012 | ||||||
and Chief Financial Officer | 2007 | $ | 16,096 | $ | 203,839 | $ | 71,554 | $ | 163,093 | $ | 2,302,060 | ||||||
B. Francis Saul III Vice Chairman | 2008 | $ | 7,520 | $ | 59,560 | $ | 28,534 | $ | — | $ | 520,679 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 7,208 | $ | 51,623 | $ | 17,117 | $ | — | $ | 425,065 | |||||||
Thomas H. McCormick Executive Vice President | 2008 | $ | 9,840 | $ | 77,520 | $ | 7,896 | $ | — | $ | 244,500 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 9,723 | $ | 68,169 | $ | 3,225 | $ | — | $ | 149,244 |
Deferred Compensation Plan
The Bank maintains a Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) to provide long-term incentives for the named executive officers. The awards granted in 2008 reflect the overall performance of the Bank and the contributions made by the named executive officers.
Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, the named executive officers do not contribute to their respective accounts. The following amounts were contributed by the Bank for the named executives during fiscal year 2008: Mr. Saul II ($950,000), Mr. Halpin ($164,000), Mr. Saul III ($37,000), and Mr. McCormick ($48,000). The following amounts were contributed by the Bank for the named executives during fiscal year 2007: Mr. Saul II ($950,000), Mr. Halpin ($155,000), Mr. Saul III ($30,000), and Mr. McCormick ($39,000).
The Deferred Compensation Plan provides that the Bank will add to or deduct from each executive officer’s Account a contribution or deduction, as the case may be, which represents the hypothetical interest (which may be positive or negative) earned on the Principal Contribution, based on the Bank’s rate of return on average assets (as computed under the Deferred Compensation Plan) for the most recently completed fiscal year. (The Principal Contribution, plus or minus any interest credited or deducted, is referred to as the “Net Contribution.”) For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008, the Bank’s rate of return on average assets totaled 0.19% which resulted in no interest being credited to the named executive officers’ deferred compensation accounts.
On January 4, 2008, the following individuals received payouts as stipulated under the plan for deferred compensation awards granted for fiscal 1997: Mr. Saul ($769,306) and Mr. Halpin ($169,247). On January 5, 2007, the following individuals received payouts as stipulated under the plan for deferred compensation awards granted for fiscal year 1996: Mr. Saul II ($733,918) and Mr. Halpin; ($163,093).
The aggregate deferred compensation balances for fiscal year 2008 were: Mr. Saul II ($10,071,394), Mr. Halpin ($1,332,063), Mr. Saul III ($224,952), and Mr. McCormick ($137,200). The aggregate deferred compensation balances for fiscal year 2007 were: Mr. Saul II ($9,890,700), Mr. Halpin ($1,337,310), Mr. Saul III ($187,952), and Mr. McCormick ($89,200).
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Supplemental Employee Retirement Plan
The Bank provides a supplemental defined contribution profit sharing retirement plan (the “SERP”), which covers certain highly-compensated full-time employees who meet the requirements as specified in the SERP. The SERP, which can be modified or discontinued at any time, requires participating employees to contribute 2.0% of their compensation in excess of a specified amount in order to be eligible for employer contributions is excess of those permitted under the 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan. The Lehman U.S. Corporate High Yield – Yield to Worst rates are used to compute the earnings calculation for the SERP.
The named executive officers made the following contributions to the SERP for fiscal year 2008: Mr. Saul II ($100,386), Mr. Halpin ($14,345), Mr. Saul III ($7,520), and Mr. McCormick ($9,840). The named executive officers made the following contributions to the SERP for fiscal year 2007: Mr. Saul II ($109,448), Mr. Halpin ($16,096), Mr. Saul III ($7,208), and Mr. McCormick ($9,723).
The named executive officers received the following corporate contributions equal to three times the employee’s contribution for fiscal year 2008: Mr. Saul II ($301,158), Mr. Halpin ($43,035), Mr. Saul III ($22,560), and Mr. McCormick ($29,520). The named executive officers received the following corporate contributions equal to three times the employee’s contribution for fiscal year 2007: Mr. Saul II ($328,343), Mr. Halpin ($48,289), Mr. Saul III ($21,623), and Mr. McCormick ($29,169).
The named executive officers earned interest in the following amounts on their aggregate SERP account balances for fiscal year 2008: Mr. Saul II ($978,874), Mr. Halpin ($98,819), Mr. Saul III ($28,534), and Mr. McCormick ($7,896). The named executive officers earned interest in the following amounts on their aggregate SERP account balances for fiscal year 2007: Mr. Saul II ($634,332), Mr. Halpin ($71,554), Mr. Saul III ($17,117), and Mr. McCormick ($3,225).
There were no withdrawals by, or distributions to, the named executive officers in fiscal year 2008. The aggregate balances for each named executive officer as of September 30, 2008 were: Mr. Saul II ($9,823,121), Mr. Halpin ($1,120,949), Mr. Saul III ($295,727), and Mr. McCormick ($107,300). There were no withdrawals by, or distributions to, the named executive officers in fiscal year 2007. The aggregate balances for each named executive officer as of September 30, 2007 were: Mr. Saul II ($8,442,703), Mr. Halpin ($964,750), Mr. Saul III ($237,113), and Mr. McCormick ($60,044).
Trustee Compensation
Name | Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) | ||||
(a) | (b) | ||||
B. Francis Saul, II (1) | 2008 | $ | 14,900 | ||
2007 | $ | 14,900 | |||
B. Francis Saul, III | 2008 | $ | 14,900 | ||
2007 | $ | 14,900 | |||
Philip D. Caraci (2) | 2008 | $ | 17,300 | ||
2007 | $ | 17,900 | |||
Gilbert M. Grosvenor (2) | 2008 | $ | 17,300 | ||
2007 | $ | 17,900 | |||
George M. Rogers, Jr. (1) | 2008 | $ | 14,900 | ||
2007 | $ | 14,900 | |||
John R. Whitmore (1) | 2008 | $ | 14,900 | ||
2007 | $ | 14,900 |
(1) | Member of the Executive Committee. |
(2) | Member of the Audit Committee. |
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Trustee Compensation
During fiscal year 2008 and 2007, all trustees of the Real Estate Trust received an annual base fee of $12,500 and $600 for each meeting of the Board of Trustees and the Audit Committee attended.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation. Mr. B. Francis Saul II, Mr. Garland P. Moore, Jr. and Mr. George M. Rogers, Jr. are the current members of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Bank. All of the current members also served as members of the Compensation Committee during fiscal year 2008 and fiscal year 2007. Mr. Saul is the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Bank.
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ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
The following table sets forth certain information, as of December 8, 2008, concerning beneficial ownership of Common Shares and preferred shares of beneficial interest, referred to in this report as the “Preferred Shares,” by (a) each person known by the Trust to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Common Shares and the Preferred Shares, (b) each member of the Board of Trustees, (c) each executive officer of the Trust named in the Summary Compensation Table under “Item 11. Executive Compensation” and (d) all trustees and executive officers of the Trust as a group.
Name of Beneficial Owner | Aggregate Number of Shares Beneficially Owned (1) | Percent of Class (1) | |||
B. Francis Saul II | Preferred: 516,000 (2) | 100.00 | % | ||
Common: 4,807,510 (3) | 100.00 | % | |||
All Trustees and executive officers as a group (9 persons) | Preferred: 516,000 (2) | 100.00 | % | ||
Common: 4,807,510 (3) | 100.00 | % |
(1) | Beneficial owner and percent of class are calculated pursuant to rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
(2) | Consists of Preferred Shares owned of record by Saul Company and other companies of which Mr. Saul is an officer, director and/or more than 10% shareholder, comprising 270,000 Preferred Shares owned by Saul Company, 90,000 Preferred Shares owned by Franklin Development Company, Inc., 90,000 Preferred Shares owned by The Klingle Corporation, and 66,000 Preferred Shares owned by Westminster Investing Corporation. The address of each person listed in this footnote is 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Pursuant to Rule 13d-3, the Preferred Shares described above are considered to be beneficially owned by Mr. Saul because he has or may be deemed to have sole or shared voting and/or investment power in respect thereof. |
(3) | Consists of Common Shares owned of record by Saul Company and other companies of which Mr. Saul is an officer and director and/or more than 10% shareholder, comprising 1,125,739 Common Shares owned by Westminster Investing Corporation, 43,673 Common Shares owned by Derwood Investment Corporation, a subsidiary of Westminster Investing Corporation, 34,400 Common Shares owned by Somerset Investment Company, Inc., a subsidiary of Westminster Investing Corporation, 2,751,662 Common Shares owned by Saul Company, 283,400 Common Shares owned by Columbia Securities Company of Washington, D.C., 172,918 Common Shares owned by Franklin Development Company, Inc., and 395,718 Common Shares owned by The Klingle Corporation. The address of each person listed in this footnote is 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Pursuant to Rule 13d-3, the Common Shares described above are considered to be beneficially owned by Mr. Saul because he has or may be deemed to have sole or shared voting and/or investment power in respect thereof. |
The Preferred Shares were issued in June 1990 in connection with the transaction in which the Trust increased its equity interest in Chevy Chase from 60% to 80%. The dividend rate on the Preferred Shares is $10.50 per share per annum. Dividends are cumulative and are payable annually or at such other times as the Trustees may determine, as and when declared by the Trustees out of any assets legally available therefore. The Preferred Shares have a liquidation preference of $100 per share. Subject to limits in certain of the Trust’s loan agreements, the Preferred Shares are subject to redemption at the option of the Trust at a redemption price equal to their liquidation preference. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the holders of Preferred Shares are entitled to vote only in certain limited situations, such as the merger of the Trust or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust.
ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
Management Personnel
All of the officers of the Trust and Messrs. Saul II, Saul III, Rogers and Whitmore, each of whom is a trustee of the Trust, are also officers and/or directors of Saul Company and/or its subsidiaries. In addition, Messrs. Saul II, Saul III, Whitmore, Grosvenor, Caraci, McCormick, Heasley and Shoop are also officers and/or directors of Saul Centers and/or its subsidiaries.
Transactions with Saul Company and its Subsidiaries
Prior to October 1, 2005, the Real Estate Trust was managed by B. F. Saul Advisory Company, L.L.C., (the “Former Advisor”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of B. F. Saul Company (“Saul Company”). Effective October 1, 2005, the Former Advisor’s obligations under the advisory contract were assigned to Saul Company. All of the Real Estate Trust officers and four Trustees of the Trust are also officers and/or directors of Saul Company. Saul Company is paid a fixed monthly fee which is subject to annual review by the Trustees. The average monthly fee was $624,000 during fiscal 2008, $602,000 during fiscal 2007, and $560,000 during fiscal 2006. The advisory agreement continues year to year unless canceled by either party at the end of any contract year. Certain loan agreements prohibit termination of this contract.
Saul Company and Saul Property Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of Saul Company, provide services to the Real Estate Trust in the areas of commercial property management and leasing, hotel management, development and construction management, and acquisitions, sales and financings of real property. Fees to the two companies amounted to $12.9 million in fiscal 2008.
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The Real Estate Trust reimburses Saul Company and Saul Property Co. for costs and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition and development of real property on behalf of the Real Estate Trust, in-house legal expenses, and all travel expenses incurred in connection with the affairs of the Real Estate Trust.
While the Real Estate Trust made public offerings of unsecured notes it paid the Former Advisor fees equal to 2% of the principal amount of publicly offered unsecured notes as they were issued to offset the Former Advisor’s costs of administering the program. In October 2006, in conjunction with the Real Estate Trust’s decision to discontinue the public sale of unsecured notes, the fee agreement was modified whereas the fee for any calendar month that the Real Estate Trust did not issue notes under the programs was to be $7,500 for such month. The Saul Company received $23,000 in such fees in fiscal 2008.
B. F. Saul Insurance Agency of Maryland, Inc., a subsidiary of Saul Company, is a general insurance agency that receives commissions and counter-signature fees in connection with the Real Estate Trust’s insurance program. Such commissions and fees amounted to approximately $389,000 in fiscal 2008.
Under an existing unsecured note receivable from Saul Company, which was modified and amended on October 1, 2005, not to exceed $30.0 million, the Real Estate Trust received net repayments of $5.4 million during fiscal 2008. During fiscal 2007 net repayments totaled $4.9 million. At September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007, the note balance totaled zero and $5.4 million, respectively. Interest is computed on the note at 200 basis points over a floating rate index. Interest earned on the note amounted to $123,000, $532,000 and $959,000 during fiscal 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The note is due and payable on September 30, 2015.
The Trust has retained the law firm of Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, at which Mr. Rogers is senior counsel, to perform legal services for the Trust in fiscal 2008 and 2007.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust, including the independent trustees, reviews the fees and compensation arrangements between the Real Estate Trust and Saul Company and its related entities and affiliates and believes that such fees and compensation arrangements are as favorable to the Real Estate Trust as would be obtainable from unaffiliated sources. Except as otherwise noted, the Real Estate Trust does not have any written policies or procedures for the review, approval or ratification or transactions with related persons.
Transactions with Saul Centers
Shared Services. The Trust shares with Saul Centers certain personnel and ancillary functions at cost, such as computer hardware, software and support services, payroll services, benefits administration, in-house legal services and other direct and indirect administrative payroll. In addition the Trust shares insurance expense with Saul Centers on a pro rata basis. Depending on the service, the method of determining the cost of the shared services is based upon head count, estimates of usage or estimates of time incurred, as applicable. Although the Trust believes that the amounts allocated to it for such shared services represent a fair allocation between the Trust and Saul Centers, the Trust has not obtained a third party appraisal of the value of these services.
Exclusivity Agreement and Right of First Refusal. The Real Estate Trust has entered into an Exclusivity Agreement with, and has granted a right of first refusal to, Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Limited Partnership. The purpose of these agreements is to minimize potential conflicts of interest between the Real Estate Trust, Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Limited Partnership.
Saul Holdings Limited Partnership. The exclusivity agreement and right of first refusal generally require the Real Estate Trust to conduct its shopping center business exclusively through Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Limited Partnership and to grant these entities a right of first refusal to purchase commercial properties and development sites that become available to the Real Estate Trust in the District of Columbia or adjacent suburban Maryland. Subject to the exclusivity agreement and right of first refusal, the Real Estate Trust will continue to develop, acquire, own and manage commercial properties and own land suitable for development as, among other things, shopping centers and other commercial properties.
Reimbursement Agreement. Pursuant to a reimbursement agreement among the partners of the Saul Holdings Limited Partnership and certain of their affiliates, the Real Estate Trust and two of its subsidiaries have agreed to reimburse Saul Centers and the other partners in the event the Saul Holdings Limited Partnership fails to make payments with respect to certain portions of its debt obligations and Saul Centers or any such other partners personally make payments with respect to such debt obligations. As of September 30, 2008, the maximum potential obligation of the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries under the agreement was approximately $90.0 million. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report. The Real Estate Trust believes that Saul Holdings Limited Partnership will be able to make all payments due with respect to its debt obligations.
Tax Conflicts. The fair market value of each of the properties contributed to Saul Holdings Limited Partnership and its subsidiaries by the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries in connection with the formation of Saul Centers and Saul Holdings Limited Partnership in 1993 exceeded the tax basis of such properties. In the event Saul Centers or its wholly owned subsidiary, Saul QRS, Inc., acting as general partner, causes Saul Holdings Limited Partnership to dispose of, or there is an involuntary disposition of, one or more of such properties, a disproportionately large share of the total gain for federal income tax purposes would be allocated to the Real Estate Trust and its subsidiaries as a result of the property disposition. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this report.
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Other related party transactions
Remuneration of Trustees and Officers. For fiscal 2008, the Trust paid the trustees $94,000 in fees for their services. See “Item 10. Trustees and Executive Officers of the Trust.” No compensation was paid to the officers of the Trust for acting as such; however, Messrs. Saul II, Halpin, Saul III and McCormick were paid by Chevy Chase for services as Officers of Chevy Chase. See “Item 11. Executive Compensation.” Messrs. Grosvenor, Rogers, Saul II and Saul III receive compensation for their services as directors of Chevy Chase and Messrs. Rogers, Saul II, Saul III and Whitmore and all of the officers of the Real Estate Trust receive compensation from Saul Company and/or its affiliated corporations as directors or officers thereof.
Related Party Rents. The Real Estate Trust leases space to Chevy Chase and the Saul Property Co. at four of its income-producing properties. Minimum rents and expense recoveries paid under these leases amounted to approximately $6.5 million in fiscal 2008. Chevy Chase leases space in several of the shopping centers owned by Saul Centers. The total rental payments made to Saul Centers by Chevy Chase in fiscal 2008 was $3.4 million. On September 24, 2001 Chevy Chase entered into an agreement to lease to Saul Company approximately 46,000 square feet of office space at its new corporate headquarters at 7501 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland. Total payments under the lease for fiscal 2008 were $2.5 million. In addition, Chevy Chase has retained Saul Company as its leasing agent to secure tenants for additional space that will be available in the new corporate headquarters. The Trust believes that these leases have comparable terms to leases that would have been entered into with unaffiliated parties.
Independence of Trustees
The Real Estate Trust does not have securities listed on any national securities market or in any inter-dealer quotation system. Accordingly, the Real Estate Trust’s Board of Trustees is not required to, and does not, make regular determinations relating to the independence of trustees. For this reason, none of the trustees would qualify as an “independent” trustee under the listing rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), as such rules mandate that no trustee qualifies as “independent” without an affirmative determination by the Board of Trustees that such trustee has no material relationship with the listed company. However, if NYSE listing standards were applied to the Real Estate Trust, the Board of Trustees would not be prohibited from determining that Messrs. Caraci, Grosvenor, Rogers and Whitmore are “independent directors,” as defined in NYSE listing standards. Furthermore, the Board of Trustees would not be prohibited from determining that Messrs. Caraci and Grosvenor meet the additional independence standards applicable under NYSE listing standards to members of audit committees. The Real Estate Trust’s Board of Trustees does not have a separately designated nominating or compensation committee, as a result of which the functions that would otherwise be performed by such committees are performed by the entire Board of Trustees. The NYSE listing standards require that each member of the nominating and compensation committee of a listed company be independent. For purposes of NYSE listing standards, Messrs. Saul II and Saul III would not be considered independent, while the Board of Trustees would not be prohibited from determining that Messrs. Caraci, Grosvenor, Rogers and Whitmore are independent.
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ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FEES AND SERVICES |
Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
During fiscal years 2008 and 2007, The Trust retained Ernst & Young LLP to provide services in the following categories and amounts:
Fiscal Year 2008 | Fiscal Year 2007 | |||||
Audit Fees (1) | $ | 1,610,700 | $ | 1,549,700 | ||
Audit Related Fees (2) | 118,350 | 164,800 | ||||
Subtotaled | 1,729,050 | 1,714,500 | ||||
Tax Fees (3) | 86,561 | 83,750 | ||||
All Other Fees (4) | 155,000 | 83,100 | ||||
Total Fees | $ | 1,970,611 | $ | 1,881,350 | ||
(1) | Audit fees include the audit fee and fees for comfort letters, attest services, consents and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC and OTS. |
(2) | Audit related fees consist of fees incurred for consultation concerning financial accounting and reporting standards, performance of agreed-upon procedures, and other audit or attest services not required by statute or regulation. |
(3) | Tax fees consist of fees for tax consultation and tax compliance services. |
(4) | All Other Fees include the fees for services other than those in the above three categories. This category includes permitted accounting assistance and advisory services. |
Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
The Audit Committee has responsibility for appointing, setting compensation and overseeing the work of the independent registered public accounting firm. In recognition of this responsibility, the Audit Committee has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm.
Prior to engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm for the next year’s audit, management will submit to the Audit Committee for approval an aggregate of services expected to be rendered during that year for the services listed above.
Prior to engagement, the Audit Committee pre-approves these services by types of service. The fees are budgeted and the Audit Committee requires the independent registered public accounting firm and management to report actual fees versus the budget periodically throughout the year by category of service. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage the independent registered public accounting firm for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the Audit Committee requires specific pre-approval before engaging them.
Pursuant to the Trust’s Audit Committee Charter, the Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to the chairman of the Audit Committee, who shall promptly advise the remaining members of the Audit Committee of such approval at the next regularly scheduled meeting.
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PART IV
ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1. Financial Statements
The following consolidated financial statements of the Trust are incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8.
(a) | Report of Independent Auditors. | |
(b) | Consolidated Balance Sheets—As of September 30, 2008 and 2007. | |
(c) | Consolidated Statements of Operations—For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006. | |
(d) | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Changes in Shareholders’ Equity—For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006. | |
(e) | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006. | |
(f) | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
2. Financial Statement Schedules and Supplementary Data
(a) | Schedules of the Real Estate Trust: |
Schedule I—Condensed Financial Information—For the years ended September 30, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Schedule III—Consolidated Schedule of Investment Properties As of September 30, 2008.
(b) | Exhibits |
EXHIBITS | DESCRIPTION | |
3. ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS | ||
(a) | Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust filed with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation on May 23, 2002 as Exhibit 3(a) to Registration Statement 333-70753 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(b) | Second Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust dated as of May 23, 2002 as Exhibit 3(b) to Registration Statement 333-70753 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
4. INSTRUMENTS DEFINING THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS, INCLUDING INDENTURES | ||
(a) | Indenture, dated as of February 25, 2004, by and between the Trust and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, with respect to the Trust’s 7 1/2% Senior Secured Notes due 2014 and 7 1/2% Series B Senior Secured Notes due 2014, including Form of Note, as filed as Exhibit 4 (a) to Registration Statement 333-113640 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
10. MATERIAL CONTRACTS | ||
(a) | Amended and Restated Advisory Contract dated as of October 1, 2005 by and among the Trust, B.F. Saul Company and B.F. Saul Advisory Company, LLC, filed as Exhibit 10(a) to Trust’s September 30 2005 Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(b) | Amendment No.1 to Amended and Restated Advisory Contract, made as of April 3, 2006 by and among the Trust and B. F. Saul Company, as filed as Exhibit 10(a) to the Trust’s April 3, 2006 Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(c) | Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Advisory Contract, made as of January 18, 2007 by and among the Trust and B. F. Saul Company, as filed as Exhibit 10(o) to the Trust’s December 31, 2006 Form 10-Q is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(d) | Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Advisory Contract, made as of January 17, 2008 by and among the Trust and B. F. Saul Company, as filed as Exhibit 10(q) to the Trust’s December 31, 2007 Form 10-Q and is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(e) | Form of Commercial Asset Management and Leasing Agreement between the Trust and B.F. Saul Property Company filed as Exhibit 10(c) to the Trust’s September 30, 2005 Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference. |
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EXHIBITS | DESCRIPTION | |
(f) | Tax Sharing Agreement dated June 28, 1990 among the Trust, Chevy Chase Bank F.S.B. and certain of their subsidiaries filed as Exhibit 10(c) to Registration Statement No. 33-34930 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(g) | First Amendment to Tax Sharing Agreement effective May 16, 1995 among the Trust, Chevy Chase Bank F.S.B. and certain of their subsidiaries, as filed as Exhibit 10(f) to the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-7184) for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(h) | Agreement dated June 28, 1990 among the Trust, B.F. Saul Company, Franklin Development Co., Inc., The Klingle Corporation and Westminster Investing Corporation relating to the transfer of certain shares of Chevy Chase Bank, F.S.B. and certain real property to the Trust in exchange for Preferred Shares of the Trust filed as Exhibit 10(d) to Registration Statement No. 33-34930 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(i) | Regulatory Capital Maintenance/Dividend Agreement dated May 17, 1988 among B.F. Saul Company, the Trust and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation filed as Exhibit 10(e) to the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-7184) for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1991 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(j) | Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement dated August 26, 1993 by and among Saul Centers, Inc. and the Trust, Westminster Investing Corporation, Van Ness Square Corporation, Dearborn, L.L.C., B.F. Saul Property Company and Avenel Executive Park Phase II, Inc. as filed as Exhibit 10.6 to Registration Statement No. 33-64562 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(k) | First Amendment to Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement dated September 29, 1999 by and among Saul Centers, Inc., the Trust, Westminster Investing Corporation, Van Ness Square Corporation, Dearborn Corporation, Franklin Property Company and Avenel Executive Park Phase II, Inc., as filed as Exhibit 10(b) to the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-7184) for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(l) | Exclusivity and Right of First Refusal Agreement dated August 26, 1993 among Saul Centers, Inc., the Trust, B.F. Saul Company, Westminster Investing Corporation, B.F. Saul Property Company, Van Ness Square Corporation, and Chevy Chase Savings Bank, F.S.B. as filed as Exhibit 10.7 to Registration Statement No. 33-64562 hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(m) | Fourth Amended and Restated Reimbursement Agreement dated as of April 25, 2000 by and among Saul Centers, Inc., Saul Holdings Limited Partnership, Saul Subsidiary I Limited Partnership, Saul Subsidiary II Limited Partnership, Saul QRS, Inc., B.F. Saul Property Company, Westminster Investing Corporation, Van Ness Square Corporation, Dearborn, L.L.C., Avenel Executive Park Phase II, L.L.C., and the Trust, as filed as Exhibit 10(k) to the Trust’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 1-7184) for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2000 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(n) | Bank Stock Registration Rights Agreement dated as of March 25, 1998 between the Trust and Norwest Bank Minnesota, National Association, as Trustee, as filed as Exhibit 4(d) to Registration Statement No. 333-49937 is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
(o) | Development Agreement dated as of October 1, 2005 between the Trust and B.F. Saul Property Company, as filed as Exhibit 10(o) to the Trust’s September 30, 2005 Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference. | |
21. | List of Subsidiaries of the Trust (filed herewith). | |
31. | Rule 13a – 14(a)/15d – 14(a) Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (filed herewith). | |
32. | Section 1350 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (filed herewith). |
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SCHEDULE I
B.F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(a) | Required condensed financial information on the Trust is disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements included herewith. |
(b) | Amounts of cash dividends paid to the Trust by consolidated subsidiaries were as follows: |
Year Ended September 30 | ||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||
$0 | $16,000,000 | $32,000,000 |
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SCHEDULE III
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Hotels | Initial Basis to Trust | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisitions | Land | Basis at Close of Period Buildings and Improvements | Total | ||||||||||
Best Western - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | $ | — | $ | 8,202 | $ | 290 | $ | 7,912 | $ | 8,202 | |||||
Courtyard - Tyson’s Corner, McLean VA | 31,077 | 2,015 | 843 | 32,249 | 33,092 | ||||||||||
Crowne Plaza - Auburn Hills MI | 10,450 | 4,356 | 1,031 | 13,775 | 14,806 | ||||||||||
Crowne Plaza - National Airport, Arlington VA | 26,979 | 10,944 | 4,229 | 33,694 | 37,923 | ||||||||||
Crowne Plaza - Tysons Corner, McLean VA | 6,976 | 21,588 | 2,265 | 26,299 | 28,564 | ||||||||||
Hampton Inn - Dulles South, Sterling, VA | 12,909 | 1,909 | 3,164 | 11,654 | 14,818 | ||||||||||
Hampton Inn - Dulles Town Center, Sterling VA | 11,379 | 530 | 795 | 11,114 | 11,909 | ||||||||||
Hampton Inn and Suites - Dulles, Sterling VA | — | 24,883 | 748 | 24,135 | 24,883 | ||||||||||
Holiday Inn - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | 6,950 | 24,989 | 862 | 31,077 | 31,939 | ||||||||||
Holiday Inn - Gaithersburg MD | 3,849 | 23,339 | 1,781 | 25,407 | 27,188 | ||||||||||
Holiday Inn - National Airport, Arlington VA | 10,187 | 11,103 | 1,183 | 20,107 | 21,290 | ||||||||||
Holiday Inn Express - Herndon VA | 5,259 | 2,070 | 1,178 | 6,151 | 7,329 | ||||||||||
SpringHill Suites - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | — | 20,269 | 543 | 19,726 | 20,269 | ||||||||||
SpringHill Suites - Boca Raton FL | 10,942 | 1,636 | 1,220 | 11,358 | 12,578 | ||||||||||
TownePlace Suites - Boca Raton FL | 7,527 | 919 | 869 | 7,577 | 8,446 | ||||||||||
TownePlace Suites - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | 5,849 | 1,263 | 219 | 6,893 | 7,112 | ||||||||||
TownePlace Suites - Ft. Lauderdale FL | 7,059 | 1,138 | 420 | 7,777 | 8,197 | ||||||||||
TownePlace Suites - Gaithersburg MD | 6,382 | 1,172 | 107 | 7,447 | 7,554 | ||||||||||
The Hay Adams - Washington DC | 91,981 | 5,922 | 15,759 | 82,144 | 97,903 | ||||||||||
Subtotal - Hotels | $ | 255,755 | $ | 168,247 | $ | 37,506 | $ | 386,496 | $ | 424,002 | |||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Office and Industrial | Initial Basis to Trust | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisitions | Land | Basis at Close of Period Buildings and Improvements | Total | |||||||||||
900 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | $ | 33,434 | $ | 4,921 | $ | 563 | $ | 37,792 | $ | 38,355 | ||||||
1000 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | 2,820 | 2,225 | 248 | 4,797 | 5,045 | |||||||||||
1100 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | 22,746 | 6,782 | 419 | 29,109 | 29,528 | |||||||||||
8001 Wisconsin Avenue - Bethesda MD | 5,408 | 446 | 1,895 | 3,959 | 5,854 | |||||||||||
Garden Plaza - Bethesda, MD | 51,473 | 736 | 8,563 | 43,646 | 52,209 | |||||||||||
8201 Greensboro Drive- Tysons Corner VA | 28,890 | 7,329 | 1,633 | 34,586 | 36,219 | |||||||||||
Commerce Center - Ft. Lauderdale FL | 4,266 | 926 | 782 | 4,410 | 5,192 | |||||||||||
Dulles North - Loudoun County VA | 5,882 | 628 | 507 | 6,003 | 6,510 | |||||||||||
Dulles North Two - Loudoun County VA | 7,729 | 314 | 404 | 7,639 | 8,043 | |||||||||||
Dulles North Four - Loudoun County VA | 11,093 | 1,874 | 2,208 | 10,759 | 12,967 | |||||||||||
Dulles North Five - Loudoun County VA | 5,078 | (76 | ) | 535 | 4,467 | 5,002 | ||||||||||
Dulles North Six - Loudoun County VA | 2,667 | 1,883 | 257 | 4,293 | 4,550 | |||||||||||
Loudoun Tech Center I - Loudoun County VA | 5,334 | 3,916 | 1,075 | 8,175 | 9,250 | |||||||||||
Sweitzer Lane - Laurel MD | 13,703 | — | 3,701 | 10,002 | 13,703 | |||||||||||
Tysons Park Place - Tysons Corner VA | 21,811 | 13,825 | 1,142 | 34,494 | 35,636 | |||||||||||
Subtotal - Office and Industrial | $ | 222,334 | $ | 45,729 | $ | 23,932 | $ | 244,131 | $ | 268,063 | ||||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Purchase Leasebacks | Initial Basis to Trust | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisitions | Land | Basis at Close of Period Buildings and Improvements | Total | |||||||||||
Country Club - Knoxville TN | $ | 500 | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 478 | $ | — | $ | 478 | |||||
Houston Mall - Warner Robbins GA | 650 | — | 650 | — | 650 | |||||||||||
Subtotal - Purchase Leasebacks | $ | 1,150 | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 1,128 | $ | — | $ | 1,128 | |||||
Total Income - Producing Properties | $ | 479,239 | $ | 213,954 | $ | 62,566 | $ | 630,627 | $ | 693,193 | ||||||
Land Parcels | Initial Basis to Trust | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisitions | Land | Basis at Close of Period Buildings and Improvements | Total | |||||||||||
Arvida Park of Commerce - Boca Raton FL | $ | 7,378 | $ | (1,538 | ) | $ | 5,433 | $ | 407 | $ | 5,840 | |||||
Ashburn Village - Loudoun Co VA | 4,919 | 642 | 4,919 | 642 | 5,561 | |||||||||||
Cedar Green - Loudoun Co VA | 3,314 | 149 | 2,832 | 631 | 3,463 | |||||||||||
Church Road - Loudoun Co VA | 2,586 | 1,265 | 3,834 | 17 | 3,851 | |||||||||||
Circle 75 - Atlanta GA | 13,604 | 9,690 | 15,357 | 7,937 | 23,294 | |||||||||||
Crowne Plaza - Auburn Hills MI | 218 | — | 218 | — | 218 | |||||||||||
Loudoun Tech II - Sterling VA | 939 | 139 | 946 | 132 | 1,078 | |||||||||||
Overland Park - Overland Park KA | 2,842 | 788 | 3,568 | 62 | 3,630 | |||||||||||
Prospect Industrial Park - Fort Lauderdale FL | 2,203 | (1,943 | ) | 260 | — | 260 | ||||||||||
Sterling Boulevard - Loudoun Co VA | 505 | 3,504 | 1,070 | 2,939 | 4,009 | |||||||||||
Subtotal - Land Parcels | $ | 38,508 | $ | 12,696 | $ | 38,437 | $ | 12,767 | $ | 51,204 | ||||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Construction in Progress | Initial Basis to Trust | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisitions | Land | Basis at Close of Period Buildings and Improvements | Total | ||||||||||
Circle 75 - Atlanta GA | $ | 692 | $ | 13,611 | $ | 692 | $ | 13,611 | $ | 14,303 | |||||
Tysons Park Place II - Fairfax VA | 1,312 | 76,317 | 1,312 | 76,317 | 77,629 | ||||||||||
Subtotal - Construction in Progress | $ | 2,004 | $ | 89,928 | $ | 2,004 | $ | 89,928 | $ | 91,932 | |||||
Total Investment Properties (1) | $ | 519,751 | $ | 316,578 | $ | 103,007 | $ | 733,322 | $ | 836,329 | |||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Hotels | Accumulated Depreciation | (1) Related Debt | Date of Construction | Date Acquired/ Transferred | Buildings and Improvements Depreciable Lives (Years) | |||||||
Best Western - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | $ | 4,434 | $ | 5,176 | 1987 | 4/87 | 31.5 | |||||
Courtyard - Tyson’s Corner, McLean VA | 11,617 | 23,744 | 2000 | 12/00 | 40 | |||||||
Crowne Plaza - Auburn Hills MI | 6,267 | 9,590 | 1989 | 11/94 | 31.5 | |||||||
Crowne Plaza - National Airport, Arlington VA | 12,337 | 13,472 | 1959 | 12/97 | 39 | |||||||
Crowne Plaza - Tysons Corner, McLean VA | 13,046 | 38,387 | 1971 | 6/75 | 47 | |||||||
Hampton Inn - Dulles South, Sterling, VA | 1,196 | 9,043 | 1989 | 11/05 | 40 | |||||||
Hampton Inn - Dulles Town Center, Sterling VA | 5,482 | 7,195 | 2000 | 11/00 | 40 | |||||||
Hampton Inn and Suites - Dulles, Sterling VA | 1,127 | 16,000 | 2007 | 10/07 | 50 | |||||||
Holiday Inn - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | 23,232 | 34,828 | 1971 | 11/84 | 28 | |||||||
Holiday Inn -Gaithersburg MD | 12,518 | 22,231 | 1972 | 6/75 | 45 | |||||||
Holiday Inn - National Airport, Arlington VA | 11,419 | 10,447 | 1973 | 11/83 | 30 | |||||||
Holiday Inn Express - Herndon VA | 2,263 | 3,862 | 1987 | 10/96 | 31.5 | |||||||
SpringHill Suites - Boca Raton FL | 3,578 | 5,421 | 1999 | 9/99 | 40 | |||||||
SpringHill Suites - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | 1,928 | 20,907 | 2007 | 1/07 | 50 | |||||||
TownePlace Suites - Boca Raton FL | 2,262 | 4,932 | 1999 | 6/99 | 40 | |||||||
TownePlace Suites - Dulles Airport, Sterling VA | 2,137 | 5,702 | 1998 | 8/98 | 40 | |||||||
TownePlace Suites - Ft. Lauderdale FL | 2,311 | 4,043 | 1999 | 10/99 | 40 | |||||||
TownePlace Suites - Gaithersburg MD | 2,270 | 4,330 | 1999 | 6/99 | 40 | |||||||
The Hay Adams- Washington DC | 6,377 | 75,000 | 1928 | 3/06 | 40 | |||||||
Subtotal - Hotels | $ | 125,801 | $ | 314,310 | ||||||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
Office and Industrial | Accumulated Depreciation | (1) Related Debt | Date of Construction | Date Acquired/ Transferred | Buildings and Improvements Depreciable Lives (Years) | |||||||
900 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | $ | 24,235 | $ | 31,200 | 1985 | 12/85 | 35 | |||||
1000 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | 3,469 | 4,527 | 1974 | 4/76 | 40 | |||||||
1100 Circle 75 Parkway - Atlanta GA | 18,914 | 7,993 | 1982 | 9/82 | 35 | |||||||
8001 Wisconsin Avenue - Bethesda MD | 307 | — | 1986 | 5/05 | 40 | |||||||
Garden Plaza - Bethesda, MD | 26,629 | 36,196 | 1988 | 4/07 | 40 | |||||||
8201 Greensboro Drive- Tysons Corner VA | 22,074 | 76,000 | 1985 | 4/86 | 35 | |||||||
Commerce Center - Ft. Lauderdale FL | 2,710 | 3,439 | 1986 | 1/87 | 35 | |||||||
Dulles North - Loudoun County VA | 3,236 | 4,555 | 1990 | 10/90 | 40 | |||||||
Dulles North Two - Loudoun County VA | 3,732 | 7,855 | 1999 | 10/99 | 40 | |||||||
Dulles North Four - Loudoun County VA | 4,349 | 7,510 | 2002 | 4/02 | 40 | |||||||
Dulles North Five - Loudoun County VA | 1,487 | 6,167 | 2000 | 3/00 | 40 | |||||||
Dulles North Six - Loudoun County VA | 1,015 | 3,993 | 2000 | 10/00 | 40 | |||||||
Loudoun Tech Center I - Loudoun County VA | 1,289 | 8,500 | 2001 | 12/01 | 40 | |||||||
Sweitzer Lane - Laurel MD | 1,979 | 9,619 | 1995 | 11/00 | 40 | |||||||
Tysons Park Place -Tysons Corner VA | 14,308 | 24,015 | 1976 | 12/99 | 30 | |||||||
Subtotal - Office and Industrial | $ | 129,733 | $ | 231,569 | ||||||||
Purchase Leasebacks | Accumulated Depreciation | Related Debt | Date of Construction | Date Acquired/ Transferred | ||||||||
Country Club - Knoxville TN | — | — | 5/76 | |||||||||
Houston Mall - Warner Robbins GA | — | — | 2/72 | |||||||||
Subtotal - Purchase Leasebacks | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||
Total Income - Producing Properties | $ | 255,534 | $ | 545,879 | ||||||||
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
September 30, 2007
(Dollars in Thousands)
Land Parcels | Accumulated Depreciation | Related Debt | Date of Construction | Date Acquired/ Transferred | ||||||
Arvida Park of Commerce - Boca Raton FL | $ | — | $ | — | 12/84 & 5/85 | |||||
Ashburn Village - Loudoun Co VA | — | — | 9/05 | |||||||
Cedar Green - Loudoun Co VA | — | — | 10/00 | |||||||
Church Road - Loudoun Co VA | — | — | 9/84 & 4/85 | |||||||
Circle 75 - Atlanta GA | 161 | — | 2/77 & 1/84 | |||||||
Crowne Plaza - Auburn Hills MI | — | — | 8/85 | |||||||
Loudoun Tech II - Sterling VA | 7/05 | |||||||||
Overland Park - Overland Park KA | — | — | 9/86 | |||||||
Prospect Industrial Park - Fort Lauderdale FL | — | — | 1/77 & 2/85 | |||||||
Sterling Boulevard - Loudoun Co VA | — | — | 10/83 & 8/84 | |||||||
Subtotal - Land Parcels | $ | 161 | $ | — | ||||||
Construction in Progress | Accumulated Depreciation | Related Debt | Date of Construction | Date Acquired/ Transferred | ||||||
Circle 75 - Atlanta GA | — | — | 11/06 | |||||||
Tysons Park Place II - Fairfax VA | — | 69,401 | 9/06 | |||||||
Subtotal - Construction in Progress | — | $ | 69,401 | |||||||
$ | 255,695 | $ | 615,280 | |||||||
NOTES:
(1) | Includes hotel capital lease obligations of approximately $128. |
(2) | See Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for basis of recording investment properties and computing depreciation. Investment properties are discussed in Note 6 to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(3) | A reconciliation of the basis of investment properties and accumulated depreciation follows. |
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SCHEDULE III
(continued)
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES—REAL ESTATE TRUST
BASIS OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION - REAL ESTATE TRUST
(In thousands)
For the year ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
Basis of investment properties (1) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 781,648 | $ | 650,476 | $ | 517,909 | ||||||
Additions (reductions during the period): | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures and property acquisitions from nonaffiliates | 67,982 | 95,103 | 165,843 | |||||||||
Property acquisitions from affiliates | — | 51,472 | — | |||||||||
Sales to nonaffiliates | (5,416 | ) | (7,580 | ) | (28,258 | ) | ||||||
Other | (7,885 | ) | (7,823 | ) | (5,018 | ) | ||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 836,329 | $ | 781,648 | $ | 650,476 | ||||||
Accumulated depreciation (1) | ||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 236,685 | $ | 197,855 | $ | 199,052 | ||||||
Additions (reductions during the period): | ||||||||||||
Depreciation expense | 26,876 | 22,758 | 20,390 | |||||||||
Sales to nonaffiliates | — | — | (16,797 | ) | ||||||||
Accumulated depreciation on property acquisitions from affiliates | — | 23,894 | — | |||||||||
Other | (7,866 | ) | (7,822 | ) | (4,790 | ) | ||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 255,695 | $ | 236,685 | $ | 197,855 | ||||||
(1) | Includes real estate held for sale. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Trust has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
B.F. SAUL REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST | ||||||||
December 29, 2008 | By: | /s/ B. FRANCIS SAUL II | ||||||
B. Francis Saul II | ||||||||
Chairman of the Board |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchanges Act of 1934. This report had been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on the dates shown. Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Stephen R. Halpin, Jr. and John A. Spain as his attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments to this Report and to file same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, granting unto such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary in connection with such matters and hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorney-in-fact and agent of his substitutes may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ B. FRANCIS SAUL II B. Francis Saul II | Trustee, Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ STEPHEN R. HALPIN, JR. Stephen R. Halpin, Jr. | Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ KENNETH D. SHOOP Kenneth D. Shoop | Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ PHILIP D. CARACI Philip D. Caraci | Trustee | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ GILBERT M. GROSVENOR Gilbert M. Grosvenor | Trustee | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ GEORGE M. ROGERS, JR. George M. Rogers, Jr. | Trustee | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ B. FRANCIS SAUL III B. Francis Saul III | Trustee | December 29, 2008 | ||
/s/ JOHN R. WHITMORE John R. Whitmore | Trustee | December 29, 2008 |
163