SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Consolidation Policy The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiaries in the Americas; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and Asia-Pacific and Japan (“APJ”). All significant transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Business Combinations In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standard update on business combinations. The new guidance requires companies to apply revenue guidance under Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination on the acquisition date. This approach differs from the current requirement to measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination at fair value. The update will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2023, though early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the timing of adoption and impact of this new standard. Income Taxes In December 2019, the FASB issued an accounting standard update on income taxes. The new guidance eliminates certain exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2021. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting In March 2020, the FASB issued an accounting standard update to guidance applicable to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. This update provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020, through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, but does not expect the standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications of the prior years' amounts have been made to conform to the current year's presentation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant estimates made by management include estimation for reserves for legal contingencies, the standalone selling price of certain performance obligations related to revenue recognition, the provision for credit losses related to accounts receivable, contract assets, and available-for-sale debt securities, the provision to reduce obsolete or excess inventory to net realizable value, the provision for estimated returns, as well as sales allowances, the assumptions used in the valuation of stock-based awards and measurement of expense related to performance stock units, the assumptions used in the discounted cash flows to mark certain of its investments to market, the valuation of the Company’s goodwill, valuation of acquired intangible assets and liabilities, net realizable value of product related and other intangible assets, the provision for income taxes, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, uncertain tax positions, and the amortization and depreciation periods for contract acquisition costs, intangible and long-lived assets. While the Company believes that such estimates are fair when considered in conjunction with the consolidated financial position and results of operations taken as a whole, the actual amounts of such items, when known, will vary from these estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2021 and 2020 include marketable securities, which are primarily money market funds, corporate securities and government securities with initial or remaining contractual maturities when purchased of three months or less. Available-for-sale Investments Short-term and long-term available for sale investments in debt securities at December 31, 2021 and 2020 primarily consist of agency securities, corporate securities and government securities. Investments classified as available-for-sale debt securities are stated at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies its available-for-sale investments as current and non-current based on their actual remaining time to maturity. The Company does not recognize unrealized changes in the fair value of its available-for-sale debt securities in income unless a security is deemed to be impaired. The allowance for credit losses on the Company's investments in available-for-sale debt securities is determined using a quantitative discounted cash flow analysis if impairment triggers exist after a qualitative screen is completed. Impairment on available-for-sale debt securities is determined on an individual security basis and the security is subject to impairment when its fair value declines below its amortized cost basis. If the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, management must then determine whether it intends to sell the security or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before it recovers its value. If management intends to sell the security or will more-likely-than-not be required to sell the impaired security before it recovers its value, a credit loss is recorded to Other income, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of inc ome. If management does not intend to sell the security, nor will it more-likely-than-not be required to sell the security before the security recovers its value, management must then determine whether the loss is due to credit loss or other factors. For impairment indicators due to credit loss factors, management establishes an allowance for credit losses with a charge to Other income, net. F or impairment indicators due to other factors, management records the loss with a charge to Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. See Note 5 for additional information regarding the Company’s investments. Fair Value Measurements The authoritative guidance defines fair value as an exit price, representing the amount that would either be received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: • Level 1. Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; • Level 2 . Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and • Level 3 . Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. Available-for-sale securities included in Level 2 are valued utilizing inputs obtained from an independent pricing service (the “Service”) which uses quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments rather than direct observations of quoted prices in active markets. The Service applies a four level hierarchical pricing methodology to all of the Company’s fixed income securities based on the circumstances. The hierarchy starts with the highest priority pricing source, then subsequently uses inputs obtained from other third-party sources and large custodial institutions. The Service’s providers utilize a variety of inputs to determine their quoted prices. These inputs may include interest rates, known historical trades, yield curve information, benchmark data, prepayment speeds, credit quality and broker/dealer quotes. Substantially all of the Company’s available-for-sale investments are valued utilizing inputs obtained from the Service and accordingly are categorized as Level 2. The Company periodically independently assesses the pricing obtained from the Service and historically has not adjusted the Service's pricing as a result of this assessment. Available-for-sale securities are included in Level 3 when relevant observable inputs for a security are not available. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the classification of assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy. In certain instances, the inputs used to measure fair value may meet the definition of more than one level of the fair value hierarchy. The input with the lowest level priority is used to determine the applicable level in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 5 for additional information regarding the Company’s fair value measurements. Inventory Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a standard cost basis, which approximates actual cost. The Company’s inventories primarily consist of finished goods as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. Contract acquisition costs The Company is required to capitalize certain contract acquisition costs, consisting primarily of commissions paid and related payroll taxes when contracts are signed. The asset recognized from capitalized incremental and recoverable acquisition costs is amortized over the expected period of benefit on a basis consistent with the pattern of transfer of the products or services to which the asset relates. The Company elects to apply a practical expedient to expense contract acquisition costs as incurred where the pattern of transfer is one year or less. The Company’s typical contracts include performance obligations related to subscription, product and licenses, and support and services. Contract acquisition costs are allocated to performance obligations using a portfolio approach. The Company assesses its sales compensation plans at least annually to evaluate whether contract acquisition costs for renewals and extensions are commensurate with those related to initial contracts. If concluded to be commensurate, the contract acquisition costs are amortized over the contractual term on a basis consistent with the pattern of transfer of the products or services to which the asset relates. If concluded not to be commensurate, the contract acquisition costs are amortized over the greater of the contractual term or estimated customer life on a basis consistent with the pattern of transfer of the products or services to which the asset relates. The Company estimates an average customer life of three years to five years, which it believes is appropriate based on consideration of the historical average customer life and the estimated useful life of the underlying product and license sold as part of the transaction. For the years ended on December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded amortization of capitalized contract acquisition costs of $76.6 million, $57.5 million and $44.8 million, respectively, which are included in Sales, Marketing and Services expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company's short-term and long-term contract acquisition costs were $82.4 million and $144.2 million, and $71.5 million and $124.7 million, respectively, and are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other assets, respectively, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Derivatives and Hedging Activities In accordance with the authoritative guidance, the Company records derivatives at fair value as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet. For derivatives that are designated as and qualify as cash flow hedges, the unrealized gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings as operating expense, net, when the hedged transaction affects earnings. Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are adjusted to fair value through earnings as Other income, net, in the period during which changes in fair value occur. The application of the authoritative guidance could impact the volatility of earnings. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes attributing all derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, whether each derivative is highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. Fluctuations in the value of the derivative instruments are generally offset by changes in the hedged item; however, if it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge or if a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, the Company will discontinue hedge accounting prospectively for the affected derivative. The Company is exposed to risk of default by its hedging counterparties. Although this risk is concentrated among a limited number of counterparties, the Company’s foreign exchange hedging policy attempts to minimize this risk by placing limits on the amount of exposure that may exist with any single financial institution at a time. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which is generally three years for computer equipment; the lesser of the lease term or ten years for leasehold improvements, which is the estimated useful life; seven years for office equipment and furniture and the Company’s enterprise resource planning systems; and forty years for buildings. During 2021 and 2020, the Company retired $196.7 million and $9.3 million, respectively, in property and equipment that were no longer in use. At the time of retirement, the remaining net book value of the assets retired was not material and no material asset retirement obligations were associated with them. Property and equipment consisted of the following: December 31, 2021 2020 (In thousands) Buildings $ 68,663 $ 76,152 Computer equipment 194,317 209,605 Software 431,237 467,553 Equipment and furniture 65,113 88,019 Leasehold improvements 161,425 201,645 920,755 1,042,974 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (733,130) (861,933) Assets under construction 15,044 11,001 Land 16,362 16,769 Total $ 219,031 $ 208,811 Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews for impairment of long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be held and used whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss is based on the fair value of the asset compared to its carrying value. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. During the year ended December 31, 2021, as a result of restructuring activities, the Company impaired certain property and equipment and recorded charges of $8.5 million, which are included in Restructuring in the consolidated statements of income. See Note 17 for further information about the restructuring. Goodwill The Company accounts for goodwill in accordance with the authoritative guidance, which requires that goodwill and certain intangible assets are not amortized, but are subject to an annual impairment test. There was no impairment of goodwill or indefinite lived intangible assets as a result of the annual impairment analysis completed during the fourth quarters of 2021 and 2020. See Note 12 for more information regarding the Company's segment. The following table presents the change in goodwill during 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): Balance at January 1, 2021 Additions Other Balance at December 31, 2021 Balance at January 1, 2020 Additions Other Balance at December 31, 2020 Goodwill $ 1,798,408 $ 1,602,384 (1) $ — $ 3,400,792 $ 1,798,408 $ — $ — $ 1,798,408 (1) Amounts relate to the Wrike acquisition. See Note 6 for more information. Intangible Assets The Company has intangible assets which were primarily acquired in conjunction with business combinations and technology purchases. Intangible assets with finite lives are recorded at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally two seven Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands): December 31, 2021 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Weighted-Average Life (Years) Product related intangible assets $ 1,049,406 $ 704,190 6.09 Other 664,791 249,714 6.57 Total $ 1,714,197 $ 953,904 6.28 December 31, 2020 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Weighted-Average Life (Years) Product related intangible assets $ 742,949 $ 665,798 6.06 Other 187,791 183,451 6.22 Total $ 930,740 $ 849,249 6.09 Amortization and impairment of product related intangible assets, which consists primarily of product related technologies and patents, was $91.4 million and $32.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and is classified as a component of Cost of net revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Amortization of other intangible assets, which consist primarily of customer relationships, trade names, backlog and covenants not to compete was $66.3 million and $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and is classified as a component of Operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company monitors its intangible assets for indicators of impairment. If the Company determines that impairment has occurred, it writes-down the intangible asset to its fair value. For certain intangible assets where the unamortized balances exceed the undiscounted future net cash flow, the Company measures the amount of the impairment by calculating the amount by which the carrying values exceed the estimated fair values, which are based on projected discounted future net cash flows. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company's management performed a comprehensive operational review which included an evaluation of all its products. In connection with this review, the Company determined that the Sapho Inc. technology, which was acquired by the Company on November 13, 2018, was a non-core solution and that the related product offerings will no longer be developed by the Company. As a result, the Company impaired the remaining carrying value related to this acquired developed technology and recorded impairment charges of $19.4 million, which are included in Amortization and impairment of product related intangible assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company tested certain intangible assets for recoverability and, as a result, identified certain definite-lived intangible assets, primarily technology developed by Cedexis Inc., which was acquired by the Company on February 6, 2018, that were impaired and recorded non-cash impairment charges of $13.2 million to write down the intangible assets to their estimated fair value of $4.1 million. The impairment charge is included in Amortization and impairment of product related intangible assets in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. This non-recurring fair value measurement was categorized as Level 3, as significant unobservable inputs were used in the valuation analysis. Key assumptions used in the valuation include forecasts of revenue and expenses over an extended period of time, customer churn rates, rate of migration to future technology, tax rates, and estimated costs of debt and equity capital to discount the projected cash flows. Certain of these assumptions involve significant judgment, are based on management’s estimate of current and forecasted market conditions and are sensitive and susceptible to change; therefore, further disruptions in the business could potentially result in additional amounts becoming impaired. Estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets with finite lives as of December 31, 2021 is as follows (in thousands): Year ending December 31, 2022 $ 147,166 2023 138,618 2024 130,755 2025 128,270 2026 126,699 Thereafter 88,785 Total $ 760,293 Software Development Costs The authoritative guidance requires certain internal software development costs related to software to be sold to be capitalized upon the establishment of technological feasibility. The Company's software development costs incurred subsequent to achieving technological feasibility have not been significant and all software development costs have been expensed as incurred. Internal Use Software In accordance with the authoritative guidance, the Company capitalizes external direct costs of materials and services and internal costs such as payroll and benefits of those employees directly associated with the development of new functionality in internal use software. The amount of costs capitalized during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 relating to internal use software was $3.7 million and $2.1 million, respectively. These costs are being amortized over the estimated useful life of the software, which is generally three years to seven years, and are included in property and equipment in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The total amounts charged to expense relating to internal use software was $5.8 million, $12.6 million and $19.7 million, during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company capitalized costs related to internally developed computer software to be sold as a service related to its Workspace offerings, incurred during the application development stage, of $31.1 million and $22.3 million, during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and is amortizing these costs once the project is completed and placed in service over the expected lives of the related services, which is generally two years to five years, and are included in property and equipment in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The total amounts charged to expense relating to internally developed computer software to be sold as a service was $12.6 million, $11.8 million and $13.0 million, during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which are included in Cost of subscription, support and services in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. During the year ended December 31, 2021, as a result of certain restructuring activities, the Company impaired the remaining carrying value of $6.2 million related to capitalized internal use software that has no ongoing economic benefit, which is included in Restructuring in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. See Note 17 for further information about the restructuring. Pension Liability The Company provides retirement benefits to certain employees who are not U.S. based. Generally, benefits under these programs are based on an employee’s length of service and level of compensation. The majority of these programs are commonly referred to as termination indemnities, which provide retirement benefits in accordance with programs mandated by the governments of the countries in which such employees work. The Company had accrued $10.0 million and $14.0 million for these pension liabilities at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Expenses for the programs for 2021, 2020 and 2019 amounted to $1.2 million, $1.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Revenue Significant Judgments The Company generates all of its revenues from contracts with customers. At contract inception, the Company assesses the solutions or services, or bundles of solutions and services, obligated in the contract with a customer to identify each performance obligation within the contract, and then evaluates whether the performance obligations are capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. Solutions and services that are not both capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the contract are combined and treated as a single performance obligation in determining the allocation and recognition of revenue. The standalone selling price is the price at which the Company would sell a promised product or service separately to the customer. For the majority of the Company's software licenses and hardware, CSP and on-premise subscription software licenses, the Company uses the observable price in transactions with multiple performance obligations. For the majority of the Company’s support and services, and cloud-hosted subscription offerings, the Company uses the observable price when the Company sells that support and service and cloud-hosted subscription separately to similar customers. If the standalone selling price for a performance obligation is not directly observable, the Company estimates it. The Company estimates the standalone selling price by taking into consideration market conditions, economics of the offering and customers’ behavior. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and applies estimation methods consistently in similar circumstances. The Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Product Concentration The Company derives a substantial portion of its revenues from its Workspace solutions, which include its Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops solutions and related services, and anticipates that these solutions and future derivative solutions and product lines based upon this technology will continue to constitute a majority of its revenue. The Company could experience declines in demand for its Workspace solutions and other solutions, whether as a result of general economic conditions, the delay or reduction in technology purchases, new competitive product releases, price competition, and lack of success of its strategic partners, technological change or other factors. Additionally, the Company's App Delivery and Security products generate revenues from a limited number of customers. As a result, if the App Delivery and Security product grouping loses certain customers or one or more such customers significantly decreases its orders, the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. Cost of Net Revenues Cost of subscription, support and services revenues consists primarily of compensation and other personnel-related costs of providing technical support, consulting and cloud capacity costs, as well as the costs related to providing the Company's offerings delivered via the cloud and hardware costs related to certain on-premise subscriptions offerings. Cost of product and license revenues consists primarily of hardware, royalties, product media and duplication, manuals, shipping expense, and packaging materials. In addition, the Company is a party to licensing agreements with various entities, which give the Company the right to use certain software code in its solutions or in the development of future solutions in exchange for the payment of fixed fees or amounts based upon the sales of the related product. Costs related to these agreements are included in Cost of net revenues. Also included in Cost of net revenues is amortization and impairment of product related intangible assets. Advertising Costs The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. The Company has advertising agreements with, and purchases advertising from, online media providers to advertise its solutions. The Company also has strategic development funds and cooperative advertising agreements with certain distributors and resellers whereby the Company will reimburse distributors and resellers for qualified advertising of Company solutions. Reimbursement is made once the distributor, reseller or provider provides substantiation of qualified expenses. The Company estimates the impact of these expenses and recognizes them at the time of product sales as a reduction of net revenue in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The total costs the Company recognized related to advertising were approximately $135.5 million, $118.4 million and $90.4 million, during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Income Taxes In the ordinary course of global business, there are transactions for which the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain; thus, judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision for income taxes. The Company provides for income taxes on transactions based on its estimate of the probable liability. The Company adjusts its provision as appropriate for changes that impact its underlying judgments. Changes that impact provision estimates include such items as jurisdictional interpretations on tax filing positions based on the results of tax audits and general tax authority rulings. The Company provides for global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) earned by certain foreign subsidiaries in the year the tax is incurred. Due to the evolving nature of tax rules combined with the large number of jurisdictions in which the Company operates, estimates of its tax liability and the realizability of its deferred tax assets could change in the future, which may result in additional tax liabilities and adversely affect the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Plans The Company has various stock-based compensation plans for its employees and outside directors and accounts for stock-based compensation arrangements in accordance with the authoritative guidance, which requires the Company to measure and record compensation expense in its consolidated financial statements using a fair value method. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. See Note 8 for further information regarding the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing income available to stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and dilutive common share equivalents outstanding during the period. Dilutive common share equivalents consist of shares issuable upon the exercise or settlement of stock awards and shares issuable under the employee stock purchase plan (calculated using the treasury stock method) during the period they were outstanding and potential dilutive common shares from the conversion spread on the Company’s 0.500% Convertible Notes due 2019 (the “Convertible Notes”) and the Company's warrants during the period they were outstanding. The reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the earnings per share calculation is presented in Note 15. Leases The Company leases certain office space and equipment under various leases. In addition to rent, the leases require the Company to pay for taxes, insurance, maintenance and other operating expenses. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in p |