Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are estimates of the amounts that would be received if the Company were to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability (exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The assets and liabilities are categorized and disclosed in one of the following three categories: Level 1 – based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities; Level 2 – based on observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and Level 3 – based on unobservable inputs using management’s best estimate and assumptions when inputs are unavailable. Assets/Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the valuation hierarchy: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Financial assets: Money market funds $ 230,231 $ — $ — $ 230,231 $ 226,719 $ — $ — $ 226,719 Corporate securities (1) 67,200 — — 67,200 — — — — Warrants (2) — 10,923 — 10,923 — 62 — 62 Royalty rights - at fair value — — 313,943 313,943 — — 376,510 376,510 Total $ 297,431 $ 10,923 $ 313,943 $ 622,297 $ 226,719 $ 62 $ 376,510 $ 603,291 Financial liabilities: Contingent consideration, current (3) $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,071 $ 1,071 Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,071 $ 1,071 ___________________ (1) Corporate securities are classified as “Investment in equity affiliate” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. (2) Warrants are included in “Other assets” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. (3) Contingent consideration, current is classified as “Accrued liabilities” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. There have been no transfers between levels during the periods presented in the table above. The Company recognizes transfers between levels on the date of the event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. Money Market Funds - The fair values of cash equivalents approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of such financial instruments. Corporate Securities - Corporate securities consists of common stock shares of Evofem, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company listed on Nasdaq. For additional information on the Evofem investment, see Note 2, Investment in Evofem . Warrants - Warrants consist of rights to purchase shares of common stock in Evofem and CareView Communications, Inc. (“CareView”), see Note 2, Investment in Evofem , and Note 6, Notes and Other Long-Term Receivables. The fair value of the warrants is estimated using recently quoted market prices of the underlying equity security and the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Royalty Rights - At Fair Value Assertio (Depomed) Royalty Agreement On October 18, 2013, the Company entered into the Royalty Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Assertio Royalty Agreement”) with Assertio Therapeutics, Inc. (formerly known as Depomed, Inc.), and Depo DR Sub, LLC (together, “Assertio”), whereby the Company acquired the rights to receive royalties and milestones payable on sales of five Type 2 diabetes products licensed by Assertio in exchange for a $240.5 million cash payment. Total consideration was $241.3 million , which was comprised of the $240.5 million cash payment to Assertio and $0.8 million in transaction costs. The rights acquired include Assertio’s royalty and milestone payments accruing from and after October 1, 2013: (a) from Santarus, Inc. (“Santarus”), which was subsequently acquired by Salix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Salix”), which itself was acquired by Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (“Valeant”), which, in July 2018, changed its name to Bausch Health Companies Inc. (“Bausch Health”) with respect to sales of Glumetza (metformin HCL extended-release tablets) in the United States; (b) from Merck & Co., Inc. with respect to sales of Janumet ® XR (sitagliptin and metformin HCL extended-release tablets); (c) from Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. with respect to potential future development milestones and sales of its approved fixed-dose combination of Invokana ® (canagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor) and extended-release metformin tablets, marketed as Invokamet XR ® ; (d) from Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly and Company with respect to potential future development milestones and sales of the investigational fixed-dose combinations of drugs and extended-release metformin subject to Assertio’s license agreement with Boehringer Ingelheim, including its approved products, Jentadueto XR ® and Synjardy XR ® ; and (e) from LG Life Sciences and Bausch Health for sales of extended-release metformin tablets in Korea and Canada, respectively. In February 2013, a generic equivalent to Glumetza was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and in August 2016, two additional generic equivalents to Glumetza were approved by the FDA. In February 2016, Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., in August 2017, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., and in July 2018, Sun Pharmaceutical, Inc. (“Sun”) each launched a generic equivalent approved product. In May 2017, the Company received notification that a subsidiary of Valeant had launched an authorized generic equivalent product in February 2017, and the Company received royalties on such authorized generic equivalent product under the same terms as the branded Glumetza product, retroactive to February 2017. The Company continues to monitor whether the generic competition further affects sales of Glumetza and thus royalties on such sales paid to the Company, and the impact of the launched authorized generic equivalent. Due to the uncertainty around Bausch Health’s marketing and pricing strategy, as well as Sun’s recently launched generic product and limited historical demand data after generic market entrance, the Company may need to further evaluate future cash flows in the event of more rapid reduction or increase in market share of Glumetza and its authorized generic equivalent product and/or a further erosion in net pricing. The Company determined that its royalty purchase interest in Depo DR Sub, LLC represented a variable interest in a variable interest entity. However, the Company did not have the power to direct the activities of Depo DR Sub, LLC that most significantly impact Depo DR Sub, LLC’s economic performance and was not the primary beneficiary of Depo DR Sub, LLC; therefore, Depo DR Sub, LLC was not subject to consolidation by the Company. On August 2, 2018, PDL Investment Holding, LLC (“PDLIH”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and assignee from the Company under the Assertio Royalty Agreement, entered into an amendment to the Assertio Royalty Agreement with Assertio. Pursuant to the amendment, PDLIH purchased all of Assertio’s remaining interests in royalty and milestone payments payable on sales of Type 2 diabetes products licensed by Assertio for $20.0 million . Prior to the amendment, the Assertio Royalty Agreement provided that the Company would have received all royalty and milestone payments due under license agreements between Assertio and its licensees until the Company received payments equal to two times the cash payment it made to Assertio, or approximately $481.0 million , after which all net payments received by Assertio would have been shared equally between the Company and Assertio. Following the amendment, the Assertio Royalty Agreement provides that the Company will receive all royalty and milestone payments due under the license agreements between Assertio and its licensees. The Company has elected to continue to follow the fair value option and carry the financial asset at fair value. The Assertio Royalty Agreement terminates on the third anniversary following the date upon which the later of the following occurs: (a) October 25, 2021, or (b) at such time as no royalty payments remain payable under any license agreement and each of the license agreements has expired by its terms. As of December 31, 2018, in conjunction with the amendment described above, the Company was provided the power to direct the activities of Depo DR Sub, LLC and is the primary beneficiary of Depo DR Sub, LLC; therefore, Depo DR Sub, LLC is subject to consolidation by the Company. As of September 30, 2019 , Depo DR Sub, LLC did not have any assets or liabilities of value for consolidation with the Company. In October 2018, PDL submitted notice of its intent to exercise its audit right under the Assertio Royalty Agreement with respect to Glumetza royalties for the period beginning January 1, 2016 and ending December 31, 2018. No material adjustments were identified in connection with this audit. The financial asset acquired represents a single unit of accounting. This financial asset is classified as a Level 3 asset within the fair value hierarchy, as the Company’s valuation utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates as to the probability and timing of future commercialization for products not yet approved by regulatory agencies outside of the United States. The estimated fair value of the financial asset acquired was determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis related to the expected future cash flows to be generated by each licensed product. The discounted cash flows are based upon expected royalties from sales of licensed products over approximately an eight -year period. The estimated fair value of the asset is subject to variation should those cash flows vary significantly from the Company’s estimates. The Company periodically assesses the expected future cash flows and to the extent such payments are greater or less than its initial estimates, or the timing of such payments is materially different than the original estimates, the Company will adjust the estimated fair value of the asset. A third-party expert is engaged to assist management with the development of its estimate of the expected future cash flows, when deemed necessary. Should the expected royalties increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could increase or decrease by $6.6 million , respectively. Significant judgment is required in selecting appropriate discount rates. The discount rates utilized range from 10% to 24% . Should these discount rates increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could decrease by $21.9 million or increase by $25.8 million , respectively. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company’s discounted cash flow analysis reflects its expectations as to the amount and timing of future cash flows up to the valuation date for the above described royalty streams. As of September 30, 2019 , the fair value of the asset acquired as reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $265.0 million and the maximum loss exposure was $265.0 million . Viscogliosi Brothers Royalty Agreement On June 26, 2014, the Company entered into a Royalty Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “VB Royalty Agreement”) with Viscogliosi Brothers, LLC (“VB”), whereby VB conveyed to the Company the right to receive royalties payable on sales of a spinal implant that has received pre-market approval from the FDA held by VB and commercialized by Paradigm Spine, LLC (“Paradigm Spine”), in exchange for a $15.5 million cash payment, less fees. Paradigm Spine was acquired in March 2019 by RTI Surgical Holdings, Inc. The royalty rights acquired include royalties accruing from and after April 1, 2014. Under the terms of the VB Royalty Agreement, the Company receives all royalty payments due to VB pursuant to certain technology transfer agreements between VB and Paradigm Spine until the Company has received payments equal to 2.3 times the cash payment made to VB, after which all rights to receive royalties will be returned to VB. VB’s ability to repurchase the royalty right for a specified amount expired on June 26, 2018. The estimated fair value of the royalty rights at September 30, 2019 , was determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis related to the expected future cash flows to be received. This asset is classified as a Level 3 asset, as the Company’s valuation utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates as to the probability and timing of future sales of the licensed product. The discounted cash flow was based upon expected royalties from sales of licensed product over approximately a nine -year period. The estimated fair value of the asset is subject to variation should those cash flows vary significantly from the Company’s estimates. The Company periodically assesses the expected future cash flows and to the extent such payments are greater or less than its initial estimates, or the timing of such payments is materially different than the original estimates, the Company will adjust the estimated fair value of the asset. A third-party expert is engaged to assist management with the development of its estimate of the expected future cash flows, when deemed necessary. Should the expected royalties increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could increase or decrease by $0.4 million , respectively. Significant judgment is required in selecting the appropriate discount rate. The discount rate utilized was 15.0% . Should this discount rate increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of this asset could decrease by $1.3 million or increase by $1.5 million , respectively. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company’s discounted cash flow analysis reflects its expectations as to the amount and timing of future cash flows up to the valuation date. As of September 30, 2019 , the fair value of the asset acquired as reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $14.5 million and the maximum loss exposure was $14.5 million . University of Michigan Royalty Agreement On November 6, 2014, the Company acquired a portion of all royalty payments of the Regents of the University of Michigan’s (“U-M”) worldwide royalty interest in Cerdelga ® (eliglustat) for $65.6 million pursuant to the Royalty Purchase and Sale Agreement with U-M (the “U-M Royalty Agreement”). Under the terms of the U-M Royalty Agreement, the Company receives 75% of all royalty payments due under U-M’s license agreement with Genzyme Corporation, a Sanofi company (“Genzyme”) until expiration of the licensed patents, excluding any patent term extension. Cerdelga, an oral therapy for adult patients with Gaucher disease type 1, was developed by Genzyme. Cerdelga was approved in the United States in August 2014, in the European Union in January 2015, and in Japan in March 2015. In addition, marketing applications for Cerdelga are under review by other regulatory authorities. While marketing applications have been approved in the United States, the European Union and Japan, national pricing and reimbursement decisions are delayed in some countries. The estimated fair value of the royalty right at September 30, 2019 was determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis related to the expected future cash flows to be received. This asset is classified as a Level 3 asset, as the Company’s valuation utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates as to the probability and timing of future sales of the licensed product. The discounted cash flow was based upon expected royalties from sales of licensed product over approximately a three -year period. Based on the results of the Company’s analysis, which considered input from a third-party expert and the variance between the Company’s forecast model and actual results, the Company wrote down the fair value of the royalty asset by $3.1 million in the third quarter ended September 30, 2019. The estimated fair value of the asset is subject to variation should those cash flows vary significantly from the Company’s estimates. An evaluation of those estimates, discount rate utilized and general market conditions affecting fair market value is performed in each reporting period. A third-party expert is engaged to assist management with the development of its estimate of the expected future cash flows, when deemed necessary. Should the expected royalties increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could increase or decrease by $0.5 million , respectively. Significant judgment is required in selecting the appropriate discount rate. The discount rate utilized was approximately 12.8% . Should this discount rate increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of this asset could decrease or increase by $0.7 million , respectively. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company’s discounted cash flow analysis reflects its expectations as to the amount and timing of future cash flows. As of September 30, 2019 , the fair value of the asset acquired as reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $21.2 million and the maximum loss exposure was $21.2 million . AcelRx Royalty Agreement On September 18, 2015, the Company entered into a royalty interest assignment agreement (the “AcelRx Royalty Agreement”) with ARPI LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“AcelRx”), whereby the Company acquired the rights to receive a portion of the royalties and certain milestone payments on sales of Zalviso ® (sufentanil sublingual tablet system) in the European Union, Switzerland and Australia by AcelRx’s commercial partner, Grünenthal, in exchange for a $65.0 million cash payment. Under the terms of the AcelRx Royalty Agreement, the Company receives 75% of all royalty payments and 80% of the first four commercial milestone payments due under AcelRx’s license agreement with Grünenthal until the earlier to occur of (i) receipt by the Company of payments equal to three times the cash payments made to AcelRx and (ii) the expiration of the licensed patents. Zalviso received marketing approval by the European Commission in September 2015. Grünenthal launched Zalviso in the second quarter of 2016 and the Company started to receive royalties in the third quarter of 2016. As of September 30, 2019 , and December 31, 2018 , the Company determined that its royalty rights under the AcelRx Royalty Agreement represented a variable interest in a variable interest entity. However, the Company does not have the power to direct the activities of ARPI LLC that most significantly impact ARPI LLC’s economic performance and is not the primary beneficiary of ARPI LLC; therefore, ARPI LLC is not subject to consolidation by the Company. Due to the slower than expected adoption of the product since its initial launch relative to the Company’s estimates and the increased variance noted between the Company’s forecast model and actual results in the three months ended June 30, 2019, the Company utilized a third-party expert in the second quarter of 2019 to reassess the market and expectations for the Zalviso product. Key findings from the third-party study included: the post-surgical PCA (Patient-Controlled Analgesia) market being smaller than previously forecasted; the higher price of the product relative to alternative therapies, the product not being used as a replacement for systemic opioids and the design of the delivery device, which is pre-filled for up to three days of treatment, which restricts its use for shorter recovery time procedures. Based on this analysis and the impact to the projected sales-based royalties and milestones, the Company wrote down the fair value of the royalty asset by $60.0 million in the second quarter of 2019. The estimated fair value of the royalty right at September 30, 2019 was determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis related to the expected future cash flows to be received. This asset is classified as a Level 3 asset, as the Company’s valuation utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates as to the probability and timing of future sales of the licensed product. The discounted cash flow was based upon expected royalties from sales of licensed product over approximately a thirteen -year period. The estimated fair value of the asset is subject to variation should those cash flows vary significantly from the Company’s estimates. An evaluation of those estimates, discount rate utilized and general market conditions affecting fair market valuation is performed for each reporting period. A third-party expert is engaged to assist management with the development of its estimate of the expected future cash flows, when deemed necessary. Should the expected royalties increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could increase or decrease by $0.3 million , respectively. Significant judgment is required in selecting the appropriate discount rate. The discount rate utilized was approximately 13.4% . Should this discount rate increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of this asset could decrease by $1.2 million or increase by $1.5 million , respectively. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company’s discounted cash flow analysis reflects its expectations as to the amount and timing of future cash flows up to the valuation date. As of September 30, 2019 , the fair value of the asset acquired as reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $12.7 million and the maximum loss exposure was $12.7 million . Kybella Royalty Agreement On July 8, 2016, the Company entered into a royalty purchase and sales agreement with an individual, whereby the Company acquired that individual’s rights to receive certain royalties on sales of KYBELLA ® by Allergan plc in exchange for a $9.5 million cash payment and up to $1.0 million in future milestone payments based upon product sales targets. The Company started to receive royalty payments during the third quarter of 2016. The estimated fair value of the royalty right at September 30, 2019 , was determined by using a discounted cash flow analysis related to the expected future cash flows to be received. This asset is classified as a Level 3 asset, as the Company’s valuation utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates as to the probability and timing of future sales of the licensed product. The discounted cash flow was based upon expected royalties from sales of a licensed product over approximately a six -year period. The estimated fair value of the asset is subject to variation should those cash flows vary significantly from the Company’s estimates. An evaluation of those estimates, discount rate utilized and general market conditions affecting fair market value is performed in each reporting period. A third-party expert is engaged to assist management with the development of its estimate of the expected future cash flows, when deemed necessary. Should the expected royalties increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of the asset could increase or decrease by less than $0.1 million , respectively. Significant judgment is required in selecting the appropriate discount rate. The discount rate utilized was approximately 14.4% . Should this discount rate increase or decrease by 2.5% , the fair value of this asset could decrease or increase by less than $0.1 million , respectively. As of September 30, 2019 , the Company’s discounted cash flow analysis reflects its expectations as to the amount and timing of future cash flows up to the valuation date. As of September 30, 2019 , the fair value of the asset acquired as reported in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was $0.6 million and the maximum loss exposure was $0.6 million . The following tables summarize the changes in Level 3 Royalty Right Assets and the gains and losses included in earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 : Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - Royalty Rights Assets (in thousands) Royalty Rights - At Fair Value Fair value as of December 31, 2018 $ 376,510 Total net change in fair value for the period Change in fair value of royalty rights - at fair value $ (4,277 ) Proceeds from royalty rights - at fair value $ (58,290 ) Total net change in fair value for the period (62,567 ) Fair value as of September 30, 2019 $ 313,943 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - Royalty Rights Assets Fair Value as of Royalty Rights - Fair Value as of (in thousands) December 31, 2018 Change in Fair Value September 30, 2019 Assertio (Depomed) $ 264,371 $ 599 $ 264,970 VB 14,108 354 14,462 U-M 25,595 (4,379 ) 21,216 AcelRx 70,380 (57,650 ) 12,730 KYBELLA 2,056 (1,491 ) 565 $ 376,510 $ (62,567 ) $ 313,943 The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 Liabilities and the gains and losses included in earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 : Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) - Liabilities (in thousands) Contingent Consideration Fair value as of December 31, 2018 $ (1,071 ) Financial instruments purchased — Settlement of financial instrument (1) 1,071 Fair value as of September 30, 2019 $ — ______________ (1) Represents the final conversion consideration and earn out liability for the LENSAR acquisition of assets from Precision Eye Services. Gains and losses from changes in Level 3 assets included in earnings for each period are presented in “Royalty rights - change in fair value” and gains and losses from changes in Level 3 liabilities included in earnings for each period are presented in “Change in fair value of anniversary payment and contingent consideration” as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, (in thousands) 2019 2018 2019 2018 Total change in fair value for the period included in earnings for royalty right assets held at the end of the reporting period $ 23,865 $ 42,184 $ (4,277 ) $ 66,117 Total change in fair value for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the reporting period $ — $ (302 ) $ — $ 22,433 Assets/Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis The Company remeasures the fair value of certain assets and liabilities upon the occurrence of certain events. Such assets consist of long-lived assets, including property and equipment and intangible assets and the shares of Alphaeon Class A common stock, received in connection with loans made to LENSAR by the Company prior to its acquisition of LENSAR. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $152.3 million for the Noden intangible assets related to the increased probability of a generic form of aliskiren being launched in the United States. As a result of this impairment charge, which was based on the estimated fair value of the assets, the remaining carrying value of these intangible assets was determined to be $40.1 million . The fair value calculation included level 3 inputs. The Company’s carrying value of the 1.7 million shares of Alphaeon common stock as of both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is $6.6 million based on an estimated per share value of $3.84 , which was established by a valuation performed when the shares were acquired. The value of the Company’s investment in Alphaeon is not readily determinable as Alphaeon’s shares are not publicly traded. The Company evaluates the fair value of this investment by performing a qualitative assessment each reporting period. If the results of this qualitative assessment indicate that the fair value is less than the carrying value, the investment is written down to its fair value. There have been no such write downs since the Company acquired these shares. This investment is included in Other long-term assets. For additional information on the Alphaeon investment, see Note 6, Notes and Other Long-Term Receivables . Assets/Liabilities Not Subject to Fair Value Recognition The following tables present the fair value of assets and liabilities not subject to fair value recognition by level within the valuation hierarchy: September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (in thousands) Carrying Value Fair Value Level 2 Fair Value Level 3 Carrying Value Fair Value Level 2 Fair Value Level 3 Assets: Wellstat Diagnostics note receivable $ 50,191 $ — $ 52,690 $ 50,191 $ — $ 57,322 Hyperion note receivable 1,200 — 1,200 1,200 — 1,200 CareView note receivable 11,458 — 11,458 11,458 — 11,458 Total $ 62,849 $ — $ 65,348 $ 62,849 $ — $ 69,980 Liabilities: December 2021 Notes $ 55,652 $ 61,984 $ — $ 124,644 $ 151,356 $ — December 2024 Notes 76,832 81,034 — — — — Total $ 132,484 $ 143,018 $ — $ 124,644 $ 151,356 $ — During the year ended December 31, 2018 the Company recorded an impairment loss of $8.2 million for the note receivable with CareView Communications, Inc. (“CareView”). There were no impairment losses on notes receivable in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2019 . As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , the estimated fair value of the CareView note receivable was determined using discounted cash flow models, incorporating expected principal and interest payments and also considered the recoverability of the note receivable balance utilizing third-party revenue multiples for small cap healthcare technology companies. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 , the estimated fair value of the Wellstat Diagnostics and Hyperion Catalysis International, Inc. (“Hyperion”) notes receivable were determined by using an asset approach and discounted cash flow model related to the underlying collateral and adjusted to consider estimated costs to sell the assets. The Company determined its notes receivable assets are Level 3 assets as the Company’s valuations utilized significant unobservable inputs, including estimates of future revenues, discount rates, expectations about settlement, terminal values, required yield and the value of underlying collateral. The Company engages third-party valuation experts when deemed necessary to assist in evaluating its investments and the related inputs needed to estimate the fair value of certain investments. The CareView note receivable is secured by substantially all assets of, and equity interests in CareView. The Wellstat Diagnostics note receivable is secured by substantially all assets of Wellstat Diagnostics and is supported by a guaranty from the Wellstat Diagnostics Guarantors (as defined in Note 6, Notes and Other Long-Term Receivables ). On September 30, 2019 , the carrying value of one of the Company’s notes receivable assets differed from its estimated fair value. This is the result of inputs used in estimating the fair value of the collateral, including appraisals, projected cash flows of collateral assets and discount rates used when performing a discounted cash flow analysis. The fair values of the Company’s convertible senior notes were determined using quoted market pricing. The following table represents significant unobservable inputs used in determining the estimated fair value of impaired notes receivable investments: Asset Valuation Technique Unobservable Input September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 Wellstat Diagnostics Wellstat Guarantors intellectual property Income Approach Discount rate 12% 12% Royalty amount $21 million $21 million Settlement Amount Income Approach Discount rate 15% 15% Settlement amount $28 million $34 million Real Estate Property Market Approach Annual appreciation rate 4% 4% Estimated realtor fee 6% 6% Estimated disposal date 3/31/2020 9/30/2019 CareView Note receivable cash flows Income Approach Discount rate 30% 30% |