Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Description of business |
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USA Truck, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) is a truckload carrier providing transportation of general commodities throughout the continental United States and into and out of portions of Mexico and Canada. Generally, the Company transports full dry van trailer loads of freight from origin to destination without intermediate stops or handling. As a complement to the Company’s truckload operations, it also provides dedicated, brokerage and rail intermodal services. For shipments into Mexico, the Company transfers its trailers to tractors operated by Mexican carriers at a facility in Laredo, Texas, which is operated by the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary. Through the Company’s asset based and non-asset based capabilities, it transports many types of freight for a diverse customer base in a variety of industries. |
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Basis of presentation |
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The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of USA Truck and its wholly owned subsidiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. Certain amounts reported in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. |
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In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the periods presented. Management has evaluated the effect on the Company’s reported financial condition and results of operations of events subsequent to December 31, 2014 through the issuance of the financial statements. |
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Use of estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Some of the significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, allowances for doubtful accounts, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, estimates related to the Company’s share-based compensation plan, deferred taxes and reserves for claims liabilities. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors (including, but not limited to, the current economic environment), which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Management adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Cash equivalents |
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The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximates its fair value. |
Receivables, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Accounts receivable and concentration of credit risk |
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Trade accounts receivable are recorded at their invoiced amounts, net of allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is management’s estimate of the amount of probable credit losses and revenue adjustments in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. Management reviews the financial condition of customers for granting credit and determines the allowance based on analysis of individual customers’ financial condition, historical write-off experience and national economic conditions. The Company evaluates the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts quarterly. Past due balances over 90 days and exceeding a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectability. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers. The carrying amount reported in the consolidated balance sheets for accounts receivable approximates fair value as receivables collection averaged approximately 44 days from the billing date. |
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The following table provides a summary of the accounts receivable for the periods indicated (in thousands): |
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| | Year Ended December 31, | | | | | |
| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | | | |
Trade customers | | $ | 72,206 | | | $ | 65,292 | | | | | |
Other | | | 5,639 | | | | 3,463 | | | | | |
Total accounts receivable | | | 77,845 | | | | 68,755 | | | | | |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts | | | (1,020 | ) | | | (610 | ) | | | | |
Accounts receivable, net | | $ | 76,825 | | | $ | 68,145 | | | | | |
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The following table provides a summary of the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts for 2014, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands): |
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| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 610 | | | $ | 423 | | | $ | 420 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | 782 | | | | 187 | | | | 153 | |
Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recovery | | | (372 | ) | | | -- | | | | (150 | ) |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 1,020 | | | $ | 610 | | | $ | 423 | |
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Assets held for sale |
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Assets held for sale are comprised of revenue equipment not being utilized in operations and are carried at the lower of depreciated cost or estimated fair value less expected selling costs when the required criteria, as defined by ASC Topic 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment” are satisfied. Depreciation ceases on the date that the held for sale criteria are met. The Company expects to sell these assets within the next twelve months. |
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Inventories |
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Inventories consist of tires, fuel, supplies and Company store merchandise and are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market. |
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Property and equipment |
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Property and equipment is capitalized at cost. The cost of such property is depreciated by the straight-line method using the following estimated useful lives: structures – 5 to 39.5 years; revenue equipment – 4 to 14 years; and service, office and other equipment – 3 to 20 years. Revenue equipment acquired under capital lease is amortized over the lease term. Trade-in allowances in excess of book value of revenue equipment are accounted for by adjusting the cost of assets acquired. Tires purchased with revenue equipment as well as replacement tires are amortized under the Company’s prepaid tire policy. |
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The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized if the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is not recoverable and the carrying amount exceeds its fair value. For long-lived assets classified as held and used, the carrying amount is not recoverable when the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds the sum of the future net cash flows. |
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Income taxes |
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Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the tax basis amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax liabilities and assets include temporary differences relating to depreciation, capitalized leases and certain prepaid and accrued expenses. The Company has analyzed filing positions in its federal and applicable state tax returns in all open tax years. In general, the Company’s 2009 through 2014 tax returns are subject to adjustment. Because the Company had generated net operating losses (“NOLs”) in prior years, the federal and applicable state statute of limitations remains open beyond the normal three-year period to extent of its NOL carry forwards, which may be adjusted until the tax year in which the NOLs are utilized has expired. In 2014, the IRS completed its examination of the 2011 federal income tax return. No meaningful adjustments were identified. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as interest expense and penalties as operating expenses. The Company believes that its income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change to its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Therefore, no reserves for uncertain income tax positions or associated interest or penalties on uncertain tax positions have been recorded. |
Self Insurance Reserve [Policy Text Block] | Claims accruals |
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The primary claims arising against the Company consist of cargo, liability, personal injury, property damage, workers' compensation, and employee medical expenses. The Company’s insurance program involves self-insurance with high risk retention levels. Due to its significant self-insured retention amounts, the Company has exposure to fluctuations in the number and severity of claims and to variations between its estimated and actual ultimate payouts. The Company accrues the estimated cost of the uninsured portion of pending claims and an estimate for allocated loss adjustment expenses including legal and other direct costs associated with a claim. Estimates require judgments concerning the nature and severity of the claim, historical trends, advice from third-party administrators and insurers, the size of any potential damage award based on factors such as the specific facts of individual cases, the jurisdictions involved, the prospect of punitive damages, future medical costs, and inflation estimates of future claims development, and the legal and other costs to settle or defend the claims. USA Truck has significant exposure to fluctuations in the number and severity of claims. If there is an increase in the frequency and severity of claims, or the Company is required to accrue or pay additional amounts if the claims prove to be more severe than originally assessed, or any of the claims would exceed the limits of its insurance coverage, its profitability could be adversely affected. |
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Earnings (loss) per share |
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Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by adjusting the weighted-average shares outstanding by common stock equivalents attributable to dilutive stock options and restricted stock. |
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block] | Revenue recognition |
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Revenue generated by the Company’s trucking operating segment is recognized in full upon completion of delivery of freight to the receiver’s location. For freight in transit at the end of a reporting period, the Company recognizes revenue pro rata based on relative transit time completed as a portion of the estimated total transit time. Expenses are recognized as incurred. |
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Revenue generated by the Company’s SCS segment is recognized upon completion of the services provided. Revenue is recorded on a gross basis, without deducting third party purchased transportation costs, because the Company acts as a principal with substantial risks as primary obligor. |
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Management believes these policies most accurately reflect revenue as earned and direct expenses, including third party purchased transportation costs, as incurred. |
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block] | New accounting pronouncements |
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In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five step process to implement this core principle and, in doing so, more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than are required under existing GAAP. |
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The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein, using either of the following transition methods: (i) a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the option to elect certain practical expedients, or (ii) a retrospective approach with the cumulative effect of initially adopting ASU 2014-09 recognized at the date of adoption (which includes additional footnote disclosures). Management is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2014-09 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and has not yet determined the method by which the Company will adopt the standard in its 2017 fiscal year. |
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In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which requires an entity to evaluate whether conditions or events, in the aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date the financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The guidance will become effective January 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU 2014-15 is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |