UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 20-F
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
Commission File number:001-11080
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
The ICA Corporation | | United Mexican States |
(Translation of registrant’s name into English) | | (Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
Mineria No. 145
Edificio Central
11800 Mexico City
Mexico
(Address of principal executive offices)
Alonso Quintana
(5255) 5272 9991 x 3653
alonso.quintana@ica.com.mx
(Name, telephone,e-mail and/or facsimile
number and address of company contact person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class: | | Name of each exchange on which registered |
|
Ordinary Shares | | New York Stock Exchange, Inc.* |
Ordinary Participation Certificates, or CPOs, each representing one Ordinary Share | | New York Stock Exchange, Inc.* |
American Depositary Shares, or ADSs, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, each representing four CPOs | | New York Stock Exchange, Inc. |
| | |
* | | Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:N/A
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:498,029,907 Ordinary Shares
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes þ No o
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes o No þ
Note: Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP o IFRS o Other þ
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:
Item 17 o Item 18 þ
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined byRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| | | | Page |
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Item 1. | | Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors | | | 1 | |
Item 2. | | Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable | | | 1 | |
Item 3. | | Key Information | | | 1 | |
Item 4. | | Information on the Company | | | 24 | |
Item 4A. | | Unresolved Staff Comments | | | 45 | |
Item 5. | | Operating and Financial Review and Prospects | | | 45 | |
Item 6. | | Directors, Senior Management and Employees | | | 70 | |
Item 7. | | Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions | | | 83 | |
Item 8. | | Financial Information | | | 85 | |
Item 9. | | The Offer and Listing | | | 89 | |
Item 10. | | Additional Information | | | 92 | |
Item 11. | | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | | | 101 | |
Item 12. | | Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities | | | 102 | |
Item 13. | | Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies | | | 102 | |
Item 14. | | Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds | | | 102 | |
Item 15. | | Controls and Procedures | | | 102 | |
Item 16. | | [Reserved] | | | 105 | |
Item 16A. | | Audit Committee Financial Expert | | | 105 | |
Item 16B. | | Code of Ethics | | | 105 | |
Item 16C. | | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | | | 105 | |
Item 16D. | | Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees | | | 106 | |
Item 16E. | | Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers | | | 106 | |
Item 17. | | Financial Statements | | | 107 | |
Item 18. | | Financial Statements | | | 107 | |
Item 19. | | Exhibits | | | 107 | |
Index to Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Financial Statements | | | F-1 | |
PART I
Introduction
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V., or ICA, is a corporation(sociedad anonima bursatil de capital variable) organized under the laws of the United Mexican States, or Mexico. Our principal executive offices are located at Mineria No. 145, Edificio Central, 11800 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Item 1. | Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors |
Not applicable.
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Item 2. | Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable |
Not applicable.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, or MFRS (individually referred to as Mexican Financial Information Standards(Normas de Informacion Financiera), or NIFs or Bulletins), which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. Note 29 to our financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of our consolidated net income and consolidated stockholders’ equity.
We publish our financial statements in Mexican pesos. Pursuant to MFRS, our consolidated financial statements included in this report and financial data for all periods throughout this annual report, unless otherwise indicated, have been restated in constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007.
References in this annual report to “dollars,” “U.S.$” or “U.S. dollars” are to United States dollars. References to “Ps.” or “pesos” are to Mexican pesos. This annual report contains translations of certain Mexican pesos amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for your convenience. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps.10.9169 to U.S.$1.00, the noon buying rate for Mexican pesos on December 31, 2007 as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On June 10, 2008, the Federal Reserve noon buying rate was Ps.10.39 to U.S.$1.00.
The term “billion” as used in this annual report means 1,000 million. Certain amounts in this annual report may not total due to rounding.
Unless otherwise noted herein, all share and per share data in this annual report have been adjusted for all periods presented to reflect (a) the 6:1 reverse stock split that we undertook in December 2005, in which holders of our ordinary shares received one newly issued ordinary share for every six old ordinary shares, and the simultaneous change in the exchange ratio of ADSs to ordinary participation certificates, or CPOs, from 1:6 to 1:12; and (b) the change in the exchange ratio of ADSs to CPOs from 1:12 to 1:4 that we undertook in August 2007. In both cases, the exchange ratio of ordinary shares and CPOs remained 1:1. Unless otherwise noted herein, all share, per share, ADS and per ADS data in this annual report onForm 20-F have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split and the change in the ratio of CPOs to ADSs for all periods presented.
References in this annual report to “UDI” are toUnidades de Inversion, a Mexican peso currency equivalent indexed for Mexican inflation. UDIs are units of account whose value in pesos is indexed to inflation on a daily basis, as measured by the change in the Mexican National Consumer Price Index, or NCPI. As of December 31, 2007, one UDI was equal to approximately Ps.3.932983.
1
Our financial statements were prepared in accordance with MFRS, including Bulletins B-10,Recognition of the Effects of Inflation on Financial Information; B-12,Statements of Changes in Financial Position; andB-15,Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation of Financial Statements of Foreign Operations, issued by the Mexican Board for Research and Development of Financial Reporting Standards (Consejo Mexicano para la Investigacion y Desarrollo de Normas de Informacion Financiera A.C., or CINIF).Bulletin B-10 is designed to provide for the recognition of the effects of inflation by requiring us to record gains or losses in purchasing power from holding monetary liabilities or assets and to restate to constant Mexican pesos as of the date of the most recent balance sheet presented:
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| • | Non-monetary assets should be restated using the NCPI; |
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| • | Alternatively, non-monetary assets of foreign origin may be restated using the consumer price index of the country of origin applied to the historical cost of the asset denominated in the relevant foreign currency and then translated into Mexican pesos at the exchange rate in effect at the most recent balance sheet date; and |
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| • | Non-monetary liabilities should be restated using the NCPI. |
Bulletin B-12 requires that the statement of changes in financial position reconcile changes from the restated historical balance sheet to the current balance sheet.Bulletin B-15 allows prior period financial statements to be restated using a weighted average multiplier that reflects the NCPI for our Mexican operations and the inflation and currency exchange rate in the countries where our foreign subsidiaries operate for our foreign operations.
The difference between inflation accounting under MFRS and U.S. GAAP is not required to be included in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP. See note 29 to our financial statements.
Note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP as they relate to our company, together with a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and stockholders’ equity.
Recent Changes Affecting Inflation Accounting
Through the end of 2007, MFRS required us to recognize certain effects of inflation in our consolidated financial statements. It also required us to restate financial statements from prior periods in constant pesos as of the end of the most recent period presented. As discussed below, due to the current level of inflation in Mexico, we do not expect to apply the effects of inflation accounting to our financial information beginning in 2008.
Recognition of Effects of Inflation
Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report onForm 20-F recognize effects of inflation in accordance with MFRS. The main inflation adjustments are as follows:
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| • | Non-monetary assets acquired domestically are restated using a factor derived from the NCPI from the date of acquisition;non-monetary assets of foreign origin are restated using a specific index which represents the NCPI of the country of origin applied to the historical cost in the foreign currency, subsequently translated to Mexican pesos using the exchange rate in effect at the most recent balance sheet date; |
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| • | Common stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings and other equity accounts are restated using a factor derived from the NCPI, cumulative from the date of contribution or generation; |
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| • | Revenues and expenses that are associated with monetary items are restated from the month in which they were generated or incurred through year-end, based on factors derived from the NCPI; |
2
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| • | Monetary position result, which represents the erosion of the purchasing power of monetary items caused by inflation, is determined by applying NCPI factors to the net monetary asset or liability position; |
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| • | Revenues and expenses that are associated withnon-monetary items are restated when incurred based on the restated value of the corresponding asset from the date of consumption of thenon-monetary asset through the end of the period, using factors derived from the NCPI. |
Restatement in Constant Pesos
Financial statements for all periods have been restated in constant pesos as of December 31, 2007. The restatement in constant pesos uses a factor that is determined using (a) the inflation rate in each country in which we operate, (b) the exchange rate between the Mexican peso and the currency of each country in which we operate and (c) the contribution to our consolidated revenues of our operations in each country in which we operate. The effect of this factor is to apply a weighted average rate of inflation relative to the Mexican peso.
The factor we used to restate our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 to December 31, 2007 constant pesos was 1.0424.
The high value of the restatement factor has a significant impact on the comparison between our results of operations for 2007 and for prior years. To illustrate the effects of the restatement in constant pesos, if we provided a particular service for 100 nominal pesos of revenue in 2006 and again in 2007, the restatement in constant pesos would result in a 4.1% decrease in revenue, from Ps.104.2 constant pesos in 2006 to Ps.100 constant pesos in 2007.
Cessation of Inflation Accounting under MFRS
MFRS has changed for periods beginning in 2008 with the issuance of NIF B-10,Recognition of the Effects of Inflation on Financial Information, and the inflation accounting methods summarized above will no longer apply unless the economic environment qualifies as “inflationary” for purposes of MFRS. An environment is considered inflationary if the cumulative inflation rate equals or exceeds an aggregate of 26% over the three preceding years (equivalent to an average of 8% in each year). Because of the relatively low level of Mexican inflation in recent years, and based on current forecasts, we do not expect the Mexican economic environment to qualify as inflationary in 2008 or 2009, but that could change depending on actual economic performance.
As a result, we expect to present financial statements without inflation accounting beginning in 2008. We will not restate financial statements for prior periods to give retrospective effect to the cessation of inflation accounting. In comparing our results for 2008 to results for prior periods, we expect that the most important effects of the cessation of inflation accounting, and of related changes in other accounting standards, will be as follows:
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| • | We will no longer recognize monetary gains and losses attributable to the effects of inflation on our monetary assets and liabilities. We expect our financing costs to be less volatile as a result. |
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| • | We will cease to adjust the carrying values ofnon-monetary assets for inflation and currency variations. We expect that this will make our depreciation charges less volatile. |
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| • | We will no longer recalculate the results of our non-Mexican operations (that are not considered to be in an “inflationary” environment) to Mexican pesos by applying the period end exchange rate to the inflation-adjusted local currency amounts; instead we will use nominal local currency amounts and apply average exchange rates for the period. Non-Mexican operations in “inflationary” environments such as Venezuela will continue to use the current restatement method. We expect that these changes will make our results more sensitive to exchange-rate variations. |
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| • | We will cease to restate results of prior periods. Financial information for dates and periods prior to 2008 will continue to be expressed in constant pesos as of December 31, 2007. |
3
Effects of Inflation Accounting on U.S. GAAP Reconciliation
U.S. GAAP does not ordinarily contemplate the recognition of effects of inflation or the restatement of prior-period financial statements. However, in reconciling our net income and stockholders’ equity to U.S. GAAP, we have generally not reversed the effect of inflation accounting under MFRS, pursuant to an accommodation provided by the SEC to permit the presentation of inflation in a company’s reconciliation from local principles to U.S. GAAP for companies in countries where local accounting principles require comprehensive price-level adjusted financial statements. There are two exceptions to this accommodation that apply specifically to us: as previously mentioned, (i) we restate prior period financial statements using a weighted average re-expression factor to take into account our foreign operations. The SEC requires that restatement of prior period financial statements be based solely on the Mexican NCPI; and (ii) we restate ournon-monetary assets of foreign origin using a specific index which represents the NCPI of the country of origin applied to the historical cost in the foreign currency, subsequently translated to Mexican pesos using the exchange rate in effect at the most recent balance sheet date; the SEC requires that restatement ofnon-monetary assets of foreign origin be based solely on the Mexican NCPI. The effects of both of these exceptions are included as reconciling items in our reconciliation to U.S. GAAP. See note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
The following tables present our selected consolidated financial information and that of our subsidiaries for each of the periods indicated. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our financial statements, including the notes to our financial statements.
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| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006(10) | | | 2005(10) | | | 2004(10) | | | 2003(10) | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Thousands of Mexican pesos, except per share and per ADS data) | |
| | U.S. dollars)(1) | | | | |
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Income Statement Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
MFRS: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | U.S.$ | 2,060 | | | Ps. | 22,489,019 | | | Ps. | 22,713,683 | | | Ps. | 20,004,984 | | | Ps. | 14,241,679 | | | Ps. | 10,768,588 | |
Gross profit | | | 326 | | | | 3,553,917 | | | | 3,289,517 | | | | 2,572,209 | | | | 1,762,262 | | | | 1,057,927 | |
Selling, general and administrative expense | | | 184 | | | | 2,003,509 | | | | 1,585,977 | | | | 1,450,615 | | | | 1,224,846 | | | | 1,033,887 | |
Operating income | | | 142 | | | | 1,550,408 | | | | 1,703,540 | | | | 1,121,594 | | | | 537,416 | | | | 24,040 | |
Financing cost (income), net | | | 38 | | | | 419,530 | | | | 168,829 | | | | 105,385 | | | | (40,276 | ) | | | 379,965 | |
Other (income) expense, net(2) | | | (2 | ) | | | (22,706 | ) | | | 87,673 | | | | (58,188 | ) | | | 47,670 | | | | 314,128 | |
Income tax expense(3) | | | 178 | | | | 1,949,263 | | | | 397,742 | | | | 375,311 | | | | 556,280 | | | | 374,900 | |
Share in income (loss) of affiliated companies | | | 1 | | | | 10,828 | | | | 22,438 | | | | 106,470 | | | | 190,688 | | | | (188,773 | ) |
Consolidated net income (loss) | | | (72 | ) | | | (784,851 | ) | | | 1,071,734 | | | | 805,556 | | | | 164,430 | | | | (1,233,725 | ) |
Net income (loss) of minority interest | | | 8 | | | | 89,576 | | | | 355,336 | | | | 269,646 | | | | 68,794 | | | | (42,315 | ) |
Net income (loss) of majority interest | | | (80 | ) | | | (874,427 | ) | | | 716,398 | | | | 535,910 | | | | 95,638 | | | | (1,191,410 | ) |
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of majority interest(5) | | | (0.19 | ) | | | (2.02 | ) | | | 1.77 | | | | 1.54 | | | | 0.31 | | | | (10.29 | ) |
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per ADS of majority interest(5) | | | (0.74 | ) | | | (8.09 | ) | | | 7.09 | | | | 6.18 | | | | 1.23 | | | | (37.27 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding (000s): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted(5) | | | 432,198 | | | | 432,198 | | | | 404,182 | | | | 347,127 | | | | 310,177 | | | | 115,751 | |
U.S. GAAP: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 1,610 | | | | 17,571,289 | | | | 18,064,385 | | | | 15,792,102 | | | | 11,938,175 | | | | 8,555,721 | |
Operating (loss) income(7) | | | 112 | | | | 1,225,709 | | | | 1,467,234 | | | | 847,359 | | | | 520,157 | | | | (62,298 | ) |
Income (loss) from continued operations(4) | | | (90 | ) | | | (985,175 | ) | | | 484,189 | | | | 500,211 | | | | (45,371 | ) | | | (1,223,586 | ) |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations(4) | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 66,446 | | | | (28,495 | ) |
Consolidated net income (loss) | | | (90 | ) | | | (985,175 | ) | | | 484,189 | | | | 500,211 | | | | 21,075 | | | | (1,252,080 | ) |
Basic earnings (loss) per share from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations(5) | | | (0.21 | ) | | | (2.28 | ) | | | 1.19 | | | | 1.44 | | | | (0.15 | ) | | | (9.57 | ) |
Discontinued operations(5) | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.21 | | | | (0.22 | ) |
Basic earnings (loss) per share(5) | | | (0.21 | ) | | | (2.28 | ) | | | 1.19 | | | | 1.44 | | | | 0.07 | | | | (9.79 | ) |
Basic earnings (loss) per ADS(5) | | | (0.84 | ) | | | (9.12 | ) | | | 4.79 | | | | 5.76 | | | | 0.27 | | | | (39.17 | ) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | | (0.21 | ) | | | (2.28 | ) | | | 1,19 | | | | 1.44 | | | | (0.15 | ) | | | (9.57 | ) |
Discontinued operations | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.00 | | | | 0.21 | | | | (0.22 | ) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share(5) | | | (0.21 | ) | | | (2.28 | ) | | | 1.19 | | | | 1.44 | | | | 0.07 | | | | (9.79 | ) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per ADS(5) | | | (0.84 | ) | | | (9.12 | ) | | | 4.79 | | | | 5.76 | | | | 0.27 | | | | (39.17 | ) |
Weighted average shares outstanding (000s): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 432,198 | | | | 432,198 | | | | 404,182 | | | | 347,127 | | | | 310,030 | | | | 127,869 | |
Diluted | | | 432,849 | | | | 432,849 | | | | 404,997 | | | | 347,510 | | | | 310,030 | | | | 127,869 | |
4
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| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006(10) | | | 2005(10) | | | 2004(10) | | | 2003(10) | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Thousands of Mexican pesos, except per share and per ADS data) | |
| | U.S. dollars)(1) | | | | |
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Balance Sheet Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
MFRS: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | U.S.$ | 3,315 | | | Ps. | 36,185,407 | | | Ps. | 37,852,306 | | | Ps. | 33,739,144 | | | Ps. | 22,644,021 | | | Ps. | 17,997,442 | |
Long-term debt(8) | | | 549 | | | | 5,990,094 | | | | 7,582,276 | | | | 10,879,733 | | | | 6,938,369 | | | | 3,636,474 | |
Capital stock | | | 1,257 | | | | 13,722,959 | | | | 7,889,373 | | | | 8,055,136 | | | | 9,868,822 | | | | 9,317,148 | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 1,728 | | | | 18,863,138 | | | | 14,747,389 | | | | 13,978,735 | | | | 6,592,774 | | | | 6,023,871 | |
U.S. GAAP: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | | 3,157 | | | | 34,462,058 | | | | 34,738,561 | | | | 31,465,898 | | | | 20,659,125 | | | | 16,528,076 | |
Long-term debt(8) | | | 549 | | | | 5,990,094 | | | | 7,546,634 | | | | 10,782,992 | | | | 7,095,025 | | | | 3,774,193 | |
Capital stock(9) | | | 1,629 | | | | 17,778,322 | | | | 17,059,623 | | | | 16,998,966 | | | | 14,385,895 | | | | 13,964,177 | |
Stockholders’ equity(6)(9) | | | 1,295 | | | | 14,138,862 | | | | 9,193,259 | | | | 8,949,556 | | | | 5,982,712 | | | | 5,640,502 | |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
MFRS: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital expenditures | | | 494 | | | | 5,393,337 | | | | 1,105,492 | | | | 610,393 | | | | 1,163,312 | | | | 701,366 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 64 | | | | 698,316 | | | | 864,785 | | | | 780,660 | | | | 991,708 | | | | 612,372 | |
Inflation Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in consumer price index | | | n/a | | | | 3.75 | | | | 4.05 | | | | 3.33 | | | | 5.19 | | | | 3.97 | |
Restatement factor | | | n/a | | | | 4.24 | | | | 4.49 | | | | 0.15 | | | | 3.64 | | | | 8.95 | |
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(1) | | Except share and inflation data. Amounts stated in U.S. dollars as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been translated at a rate of Ps.10.9169 to U.S.$1.00 using the Federal Reserve noon buying rate on December 31, 2007. See “Exchange Rates.” |
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(2) | | Includes for 2007, Ps.68 million for the reversal of an uncollectible account receivable from the sale of an investment, Ps.32 million of statutory employee profit sharing expense and Ps.13 million of other income related to value-added tax reversals and gains on sales of investments. For 2006, includes Ps.37 million from reversals of taxes for unconsolidated entities, Ps.12 million of gains on sales of investments and Ps.11 million of other income, offset by Ps.147 million of statutory employee profit sharing expense. Includes for 2005 gain on purchases and sales of investments of Ps.103 million, other income of Ps.58 million relating to gain from sale of claims rights and Ps.104 million of statutory employee profit sharing expense. Includes for 2004 other expense of Ps.34 million relating to severance costs, Ps.30 million of statutory employee profit sharing expense, and Ps.180 million in other income related to reversal of an impairment charge related to a concession. Includes for 2003 other expense of Ps.53 million relating to severance costs, Ps.138 million in costs associated with the curtailment of the pension plan, Ps.4 million of statutory employee profit sharing expense and Ps.22 million in other income relating to a reversal of an impairment charge related to an investment in property, plant and equipment. |
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(3) | | During 2007, income tax expense includes the effects of the new business flat tax in Mexico. See note 20 to our consolidated financial statements. |
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(4) | | During 2004 and 2003, we sold our shares in several of our subsidiaries. Under U.S. GAAP, such sales would have been treated as discontinued operations. |
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(5) | | Basic earnings (loss) per share and per ADS are based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period and considering four shares per ADS. Diluted earnings (loss) per share and per ADS are calculated by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. See note 29 to our consolidated financial statements. |
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(6) | | We adopted in 2006 the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)”. The effect of this adoption resulted in a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity for Ps.266,318, net of income taxes (see note 29 to our consolidated financial statements). |
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(7) | | There are differences in the classification of certain expenses recorded under “other expenses (income)” related to severance costs, statutory employee profit sharing the reversal of value-added taxes and gains and losses on sales of investments, as well as reversals of impairment on property, plant and equipment, investments in concessions and goodwill. Under MFRS, these expenses or income are treated as non-operating expenses or income and are not deducted or added back in calculating operating income (loss), |
5
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| | whereas under U.S. GAAP these amounts are treated as operating expenses and are deducted or added back in calculating operating income (loss). Such amounts for 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, and 2003 totaled Ps. 43 million, Ps.153 million, Ps.113 million, Ps.245 million and Ps.180 million, respectively. See note 29 to our financial statements. |
|
(8) | | Excluding current portion of long-term debt. |
|
(9) | | In the current as well as prior years, the stockholders of the Company approved the reclassification of accumulated losses as well as the portion of the insufficiency from restatement of capital related to inflationary effects against common stock. The Company determined that such applications of losses against common stock are not appropriate under U.S. GAAP. Such difference between MFRS and U.S. GAAP does not affect total stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP, but rather reclassifies amounts among stockholders’ equity which are affected by such applications, including retained earnings, cumulative other comprehensive income, common stock, additional paid-in capital and the reserve for the repurchase of shares (see note 29 to our consolidated financial statements). |
|
(10) | | Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted Interpretation No. 12,Service Concession Arrangements, issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee, or IFRIC, of the International Accounting Standards Board. This interpretation deals with the accounting by private sector operators involved in supplying infrastructure assets and services to the public sector, classifying the investment as a financial asset, intangible asset or a combination of both. Effects of adoption of IFRIC 12 resulted in classifying certain intangible assets as a financial assets, as well as the recognition of revenues during the construction phase in certain concessions. As a result of the early adoption of IFRIC 12 (not mandatory until 2008), financial information previously issued as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003 were restated as follows: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | | December 31, 2004 | | December 31, 2003 |
| | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated |
|
Balance sheets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | Ps.24,431,132 | | | | Ps. 24,437,840 | | | | Ps. 13,028,418 | | | | Ps. 13,033,789 | | | | Ps. 10,361,124 | | | | Ps. 10,366,458 | | | | Ps. 9,134,141 | | | | Ps.9,138,024 | |
Investment in concessions | | | 8,273,509 | | | | 10,087,000 | | | | 8,110,123 | | | | 7,838,984 | | | | 3,416,073 | | | | 3,144,583 | | | | 3,745,422 | | | | 3,495,950 | |
Property, plant, equipment and other assets | | | 5,089,793 | | | | 3,327,466 | | | | 12,595,211 | | | | 12,866,370 | | | | 8,848,327 | | | | 9,132,978 | | | | 5,120,995 | | | | 5,363,469 | |
Current liabilities | | | (14,504,192 | ) | | | (14,504,191 | ) | | | (7,923,206 | ) | | | (7,923,206 | ) | | | (8,504,174 | ) | | | (8,504,174 | ) | | | (7,926,656 | ) | | | (7,926,656 | ) |
Non-current liabilities | | | (8,600,726 | ) | | | (8,600,726 | ) | | | (11,836,969 | ) | | | (11,836,969 | ) | | | (7,544,304 | ) | | | (7,544,304 | ) | | | (4,046,916 | ) | | | (4,046,916 | ) |
Stockholders’ equity | | | (14,689,516 | ) | | | (14,747,389 | ) | | | (13,973,577 | ) | | | (13,978,968 | ) | | | (6,577,046 | ) | | | (6,595,541 | ) | | | (6,026,986 | ) | | | (6,023,871 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated | | As Presented | | As Restated |
|
Statements of operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | Ps. | 22,302,897 | | | Ps. | 22,713,683 | | | Ps. | 20,046,684 | | | Ps. | 20,004,984 | | | Ps. | 14,288,254 | | | Ps. | 14,241,679 | | | Ps. | 10,802,198 | | | Ps. | 10,768,588 | |
Operating income | | | 1,686,196 | | | | 1,703,540 | | | | 1,149,085 | | | | 1,121,594 | | | | 569,621 | | | | 537,416 | | | | 46,517 | | | | 24,040 | |
Net income (loss) | | | 1,027,643 | | | | 1,071,734 | | | | 816,127 | | | | 805,556 | | | | 169,932 | | | | 164,430 | | | | (1,251,349 | ) | | | (1,233,725 | ) |
6
The principal differences, other than inflation accounting, between MFRS and U.S. GAAP and their effects upon consolidated net income (loss) and consolidated stockholders’ equity are presented below. See note 29 to our consolidated financial statements.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Thousands of Mexican pesos) | |
| | U.S. dollars)(1) | | | | |
|
Reconciliation of net income (loss) of majority interest: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) of majority interest reported under MFRS | | U.S.$ | (80 | ) | | Ps. | (874,427 | ) | | Ps. | 716,398 | | | Ps. | 535,910 | | | Ps. | 95,638 | | | Ps. | (1,191,410 | ) |
U.S. GAAP adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Concession effect (IFRIC 12) | | | (6 | ) | | | (64,070 | ) | | | (44,092 | ) | | | 10,570 | | | | 5,500 | | | | (17,624 | ) |
Bulletin B-15 effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3,160 | ) | | | (4,860 | ) | | | 2,285 | | | | (45,787 | ) |
Deferred income taxes | | | (8 | ) | | | (87,449 | ) | | | (90,334 | ) | | | 52,239 | | | | (4,096 | ) | | | 44,431 | |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing | | | — | | | | 3,441 | | | | (133,687 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Reversal of low-income housing sales | | | (10 | ) | | | (102,688 | ) | | | (57,361 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Capitalization of financing costs | | | 1 | | | | 6,412 | | | | 3,173 | | | | 1,656 | | | | 72,250 | | | | 39,397 | |
Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets | | | — | | | | — | | | | (6,751 | ) | | | (4,647 | ) | | | (15,928 | ) | | | (33,007 | ) |
Accrual for severance payments | | | (1 | ) | | | (16,452 | ) | | | 11,426 | | | | 6,016 | | | | (20,010 | ) | | | (21,379 | ) |
Compensation cost on stock option plan | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,483 | ) | | | (1,884 | ) | | | (2,517 | ) | | | 0 | |
Impairment reversal | | | 1 | | | | 7,415 | | | | 7,978 | | | | 5,889 | | | | (176,448 | ) | | | (22,677 | ) |
Reversal of compensation cost recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option | | | 2 | | | | 19,150 | | | | 19,910 | | | | 4,248 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Fair value interest rate cap | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (64,585 | ) | | | 64,585 | | | | — | |
Purchase method of GACN | | | — | | | | (2,133 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Minority interest applicable to above adjustments | | | 12 | | | | 125,626 | | | | 62,172 | | | | (40,341 | ) | | | (184 | ) | | | (4,024 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income under U.S. GAAP | | U.S.$ | (90 | ) | | Ps. | (985,175 | ) | | Ps. | 484,189 | | | Ps. | 500,211 | | | Ps. | 21,075 | | | Ps. | (1,252,080 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of stockholders’ equity | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity reported under MFRS | | U.S.$ | 1,728 | | | Ps. | 18,863,138 | | | Ps. | 14,747,389 | | | Ps. | 13,978,735 | | | Ps. | 6,592,774 | | | Ps. | 6,023,871 | |
Concession effect (IFRIC 12) | | | (11 | ) | | | (122,670 | ) | | | (58,600 | ) | | | (14,508 | ) | | | (18,495 | ) | | | 3,115 | |
Bulletin B-15 effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | (46,110 | ) | | | (73,155 | ) | | | 139,038 | | | | 232,682 | |
Less minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries included as stockholders’ equity under MFRS | | | (400 | ) | | | (4,361,882 | ) | | | (4,725,628 | ) | | | (4,695,085 | ) | | | (541,524 | ) | | | (498,452 | ) |
U.S. GAAP adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect on retained earnings from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (216 | ) | | | (2,355,400 | ) | | | (2,267,951 | ) | | | (2,177,617 | ) | | | (2,229,856 | ) | | | (2,225,760 | ) |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing | | | (34 | ) | | | (371,804 | ) | | | (375,245 | ) | | | (241,558 | ) | | | (241,557 | ) | | | (241,557 | ) |
Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets | | | (22 | ) | | | (240,830 | ) | | | (240,830 | ) | | | (234,079 | ) | | | (229,432 | ) | | | (213,504 | ) |
Capitalization of financing costs | | | (4 | ) | | | (45,968 | ) | | | (52,380 | ) | | | (55,553 | ) | | | (57,209 | ) | | | (129,459 | ) |
Reversal of low-income housing sales | | | (15 | ) | | | (160,049 | ) | | | (57,361 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Accrual for severance payments | | | (8 | ) | | | (88,327 | ) | | | (71,875 | ) | | | (83,301 | ) | | | (89,317 | ) | | | (69,307 | ) |
Gain on sale of foreign subsidiaries | | | 25 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | |
Reversal of additional paid-in capital recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option | | | (4 | ) | | | (43,307 | ) | | | (24,157 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Fair value of interest rate cap | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 64,585 | | | | — | |
Impairment reversal | | | (16 | ) | | | (177,842 | ) | | | (185,257 | ) | | | (193,235 | ) | | | (199,123 | ) | | | (22,677 | ) |
Reversal of compensation cost recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option | | | 4 | | | | 43,307 | | | | 24,157 | | | | 2,364 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Purchase method of GACN | | | — | | | | (2,133 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Reversal of acquisition cost of minority interest | | | 49 | | | | 530,891 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Thousands of Mexican pesos) | |
| | U.S. dollars)(1) | | | | |
|
Effect on insufficiency from restatement of capital and accumulated other comprehensive income related to: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 205 | | | | 2,235,643 | | | | 2,233,892 | | | | 2,239,187 | | | | 2,272,394 | | | | 2,260,933 | |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing | | | 8 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | |
Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets | | | 21 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | |
Gain on sale of foreign subsidiaries | | | (25 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) |
Adjustment for excess of additional minimum liability | | | — | | | | 4,299 | | | | 17,267 | | | | 17,267 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Adjustment for SFAS No. 158, net of tax | | | (22 | ) | | | (236,095 | ) | | | (266,318 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Minority interest applicable to above adjustments | | | 32 | | | | 355,517 | | | | 229,892 | | | | 167,720 | | | | 208,060 | | | | 208,243 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP | | U.S.$ | 1,295 | | | Ps. | 14,138,862 | | | | Ps. 9,193,259 | | | Ps. | 8,949,556 | | | Ps. | 5,982,712 | | | Ps. | 5,640,502 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Amounts stated in U.S. dollars as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been translated at a rate of Ps.10.9169 to U.S.$1.00 using the Federal Reserve noon buying rate on December 31, 2007. See “Exchange Rates.” |
8
EXCHANGE RATES
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low, average and period-end, free-market exchange rate between the peso and the U.S. dollar, expressed in pesos per U.S. dollar. The average annual rates presented in the following table were calculated using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the relevant period. The data provided in this table is based on noon buying rates published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for cable transfers in Mexican pesos. We have not restated the rates in constant currency units. All amounts are stated in pesos. We make no representation that the Mexican peso amounts referred to in this annual report could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate or at all.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Exchange Rate | |
Year Ended December 31, | | High | | | Low | | | Period End | | | Average(1) | |
|
2003 | | | 11.40 | | | | 10.11 | | | | 11.24 | | | | 10.79 | |
2004 | | | 11.64 | | | | 10.81 | | | | 11.15 | | | | 11.31 | |
2005 | | | 11.41 | | | | 10.41 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 10.87 | |
2006 | | | 11.46 | | | | 10.43 | | | | 10.99 | | | | 10.90 | |
2007 | | | 11.27 | | | | 10.67 | | | | 11.27 | | | | 10.93 | |
November 2007 | | | 11.00 | | | | 10.67 | | | | 10.90 | | | | 10.88 | |
December 2007 | | | 10.92 | | | | 10.80 | | | | 10.92 | | | | 10.85 | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
January 2008 | | | 10.97 | | | | 10.82 | | | | 10.82 | | | | 10.91 | |
February 2008 | | | 10.82 | | | | 10.67 | | | | 10.73 | | | | 10.77 | |
March 2008 | | | 10.85 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 10.63 | | | | 10.73 | |
April 2008 | | | 10.60 | | | | 10.44 | | | | 10.51 | | | | 10.51 | |
May 2008 | | | 10.57 | | | | 10.31 | | | | 10.33 | | | | 10.44 | |
June 2008 (through June 10) | | | 10.39 | | | | 10.29 | | | | 10.39 | | | | 10.34 | |
| | |
(1) | | Average of month-end rates or daily rates, as applicable. |
Source: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
In recent decades, the Mexican Central Bank has consistently made foreign currency available to Mexican private-sector entities (such as us) to meet their foreign currency obligations. Nevertheless, in the event of shortages of foreign currency, there can be no assurance that foreign currency would continue to be available to private-sector companies or that foreign currency needed by us to service foreign currency obligations or to import goods could be purchased in the open market without substantial additional cost.
Fluctuations in the exchange rate between the peso and the U.S. dollar will affect the U.S. dollar value of securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores), and, as a result, will likely affect the market price of our American Depository Shares, or ADSs. Such fluctuations will also affect the U.S. dollar conversion by The Bank of New York, the depositary for our ADSs, of any cash dividends paid by us in pesos.
On December 31, 2007, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s noon buying rate was Ps.10.9169 per U.S.$1.00. On June 10, 2008, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s noon buying rate was Ps.10.39 per U.S.$1.00.
For a discussion of the effects of fluctuations in the exchange rates between the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar, see “Item 10. Additional Information — Exchange Controls.”
9
RISK FACTORS
Risks Related to Our Operations
Our performance is tied to Mexican public sector spending on infrastructure facilities.
Our performance historically has been tied to Mexican public-sector spending on infrastructure facilities and to our ability to bid successfully for such contracts. Mexican public-sector spending, in turn, generally has been dependent on the state of the Mexican economy. A decrease in public-sector spending as a result of a deterioration of the Mexican economy, changes in Mexican governmental policy, or for other reasons can have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We cannot provide any assurances that economic and political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not negatively affect our operations. See “Risks Related to Mexico and Other Markets in Which We Operate — Economic and political developments in Mexico could affect Mexican economic policy and our business, financial condition and results of operations.”
Competition from foreign and domestic construction companies may adversely affect our results of operations.
The market for construction services in Mexico is highly competitive. As a result of the integration of the Mexican economy into the global economy, we must compete with foreign construction companies for most of the industrial and infrastructure projects on which we bid in Mexico. We believe that competition from foreign companies has adversely affected the Mexican construction industry’s operating margins, including our own, as foreign competition has driven down pricing. Furthermore, many of our foreign competitors have better access to capital and greater financial and other resources, which affords them a competitive advantage in bidding for such projects.
Foreign competition also allows sponsors such as governing agencies for infrastructure construction and industrial construction projects to require contractors to provide construction on a “turnkey” basis, which increases our financial risks.
Our use of the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for construction contracts could result in a reduction or reversal of previously recorded revenues or profits.
Under our accounting procedures, we measure and recognize a large portion of our revenues and profits under the percentage-of-completion accounting methodology for construction contracts. This methodology allows us to recognize revenues and profits ratably over the life of a construction contract, without regard to the timing of receipt of cash payments, by comparing the amount of the costs incurred to date against the total amount of costs expected to be incurred. The effect of revisions to estimated costs and thus revenues, is recorded when the amounts are known and can be reasonably estimated. These revisions can occur at any time and could be material. On a historical basis, we believe that we have made reasonably reliable estimates of the progress towards completion on our long-term contracts. However, given the uncertainties associated with these types of contracts, it is possible for actual costs to vary from estimates previously made, which may result in reductions or reversals of previously recorded revenues and profits.
Our future revenues will depend on our ability to finance and bid for infrastructure projects.
In recent years we have been increasingly required to contribute equity to and arrange financing for construction projects. We believe that our ability to finance construction projects through various financial arrangements has enabled us to compete more effectively in obtaining such projects. We are currently undertaking various construction and infrastructure projects that involve significant funding commitments. The financing requirements for public construction contracts may range from a term of months to the total construction period of the project, which may last several years. Financing for private clients is tailor-made and most of the time requires payment during the construction period. Providing financing for construction projects, however, increases our capital requirements and exposes us to the risk of loss of our investment in the project. In particular, recent uncertainty and tightening in the global credit markets, including developments
10
related to the collapse of the United States sub-prime mortgage market, may adversely affect our ability to obtain financing. Our inability to obtain financing for any of these projects could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation.
We have faced, and may continue to face, liquidity constraints.
In recent years we faced substantial constraints on our liquidity due to reduced sales and requirements to reduce or pay our corporate debt. Our expected future sources of liquidity include cash flow from our construction activities and third party financing to fund our projects’ capital requirements. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to generate liquidity from any of these sources.
We continue to face large funding needs for new projects that require full or partial financing and guarantees in the form of letters of credit and continuing financing needs from our current projects. The demand for funding could adversely affect our liquidity. There can be no assurance we will not face similar funding needs in the future. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Under our construction contracts, we are increasingly required to assume the risk of inflation, exchange rate fluctuations, increases in the cost of raw materials and errors in contract specifications, which could jeopardize our profits.
Historically, a majority of our construction business was conducted under unit price contracts, which contain an “escalation” clause that permits us to increase unit prices to reflect the impact of increases in the costs of labor, materials and certain other items due to inflation. These unit price contracts allow flexibility in adjusting the contract price to reflect work actually performed and the effects of inflation. In recent years, however, our construction contracts have been increasingly fixed price or not-to-exceed contracts, under which we are committed to provide materials or services at fixed unit prices, including our two major raw material requirements — cement and steel. Fixed price and not-to-exceed contracts shift the risk of any increase in our unit cost over our unit bid price to us. See “Item 4. Information on the Company — Business Overview — Description of Business Segments — Construction — Contracting Practices.”
In the past we experienced significant losses due to risks assumed by us in fixed price and not-to-exceed contracts, and we may face similar difficulties in the future. For example, a number of our construction contracts specify fixed prices for various raw materials and other inputs necessary for the construction business, including steel, asphalt, cement, construction aggregates, fuels and various metal products, increased prices of which can negatively affect our results if we are unable to transfer the risk to the customer.
Under the terms of many of our fixed price contracts, we have been required to bear the cost of the increases in the cost of raw materials from the time we entered into the contracts, which has adversely affected our results of operations. We do not enter into long-term purchase contracts for cement or steel and, instead, rely on purchases from various suppliers. Prices for various steel products increased significantly between 2003 and 2007, which we believe has primarily been the result of substantially increased economic activity in China and, in 2006, a strike by a miners union at one of Mexico’s largest domestic producers of iron ore. In addition, there has been an increase in the price of copper products. Although we seek to negotiate for the recognition of the increase in the cost of raw materials for our contracts whenever possible, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in recovering any portion of these cost increases, which will negatively affect our operating margins.
We may also run into other construction and administrative cost overruns, including as a result of incorrect contract specifications that we are unable to pass on to the customer. We expect that, because of conditions attendant to financing arrangements, future concession-related, infrastructure and industrial construction contracts may not permit an adjustment of the contract price for additional work done due to incorrect project specifications and, as a result, our operating margins will be negatively affected. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Operating Results — Construction — Civil Construction.”
11
A substantial percentage of our cash and cash equivalents are held through less-than-wholly owned subsidiaries or joint ventures that restrict our access to their resources.
As of March 31, 2008, we had total cash and short-term investments of Ps.6,863 million (March 31, 2008 pesos), as compared to Ps.6,872 million as of December 31, 2007. As of March 31, 2008, we held 53.4% of our consolidated cash and short-term investments through less-than-wholly owned subsidiaries or in joint ventures (23.6% in the Airport Division, 14% in the ICA-Fluor joint venture with Fluor Daniel Mexico, S.A., or Fluor, a subsidiary of the Fluor Corporation, 10.5% in Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., or CIISA, 0.6% in Constructora de Proyectos Hidroelectricos S.A. de C.V., or CPH, and 0.8% in Rodio Cimentaciones Especiales S.A. and Kronsa Internacional S.A., our Spanish construction subsidiaries, which we refer to as Rodio Kronsa). The remainder of our total cash and short-term investments as of March 31, 2008 (Ps.3,197 million), was held at the parent company or in other operating subsidiaries. The use of cash and cash equivalents by ICA-Fluor, CIISA, CPH or Rodio Kronsa requires the consent of the other shareholders or partners, as applicable, of such subsidiary or joint venture, which are the Fluor Corporation, in the case of ICA-Fluor, La Peninsular Compañia Constructora, S.A. de C.V., in the case of CIISA, La Peninsular Compañia Constructora, S.A. de C.V., in the case of CPH, and Soletanche Bachy France, in the case of Rodio Kronsa. Lack of such consent could limit our access to liquid resources and limits us from freely deciding when to use such cash.
Some of our assets are pledged to issuers of letters of credit and under other credit arrangements.
As of March 31, 2008, a portion of our assets was pledged to issuers of letters of credit and under other credit arrangements. These assets are pledged to a number of banks, including: WestLB AG, Banco Santander, BBVA Bancomer, BG Trust Inc., Merrill Lynch and Value Casa de Bolsa. The assets we have pledged include: (i) collection rights under the La Yesca hydroelectric construction contract; (ii) our shares in Concesionaria Irapuato la Piedad, S.A. de C.V., our subsidiary that operates the Irapuato — La Piedad highway concession; (iii) our shares in SISSA Coahuila, S.A. de C.V. (a subsidiary operating a waste-water treatment plant); (iv) our dividend rights in our series “B” shares in Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte. S.A.B. de C.V., or GACN, held by Aeroinvest S.A. de C.V., or Aeroinvest (a subsidiary that indirectly holds interests in airport concessions); (v) our dividend rights in our series “A” shares in Servicios de Tecnologia Aeroportuaria, S.A. de C.V., or SETA (a 74.5% subsidiary that holds a 16.7% interest in GACN); (vi) Aeroinvest’s collection rights of approximately $47 million related to various loans granted to SETA; (vii) construction machinery and equipment owned by Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A. de C.V. (a construction subsidiary); and (viii) the collection rights from Corredor Sur, Kantunil Cancun highway and Acapulco tunnel. In general, assets securing letters of credit will remain pledged until the letters of credit secured by these assets expire. As a result of these arrangements, our ability to dispose of pledged assets requires the consent of these banks and our ability to incur further debt (whether secured or unsecured) is limited.
We may have difficulty obtaining the letters of credit and performance bonds that we require in the normal course of our operations.
Historically, our clients have required us to obtain bonds to secure, among other things, bids, advance payments and performance. In recent years, however, our clients, including the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission(Comision Federal de Electricidad) and Petroleos Mexicanos, or Pemex, have been increasingly requiring letters of credit and other forms of guarantees to secure such bids, advance payments and performance. In the past we have found it difficult to obtain the performance bonds or letters of credit necessary to perform the large infrastructure projects that historically have generated a substantial majority of our revenues. There can be no assurance that in the future we will not find it difficult to obtain performance bonds or letters of credit. Because we have pledged assets in order to secure letters of credit, our ability to provide additional letters of credit and other forms of guarantees secured with assets is limited, which may impact our ability to participate in projects in the future.
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Our results of operations and financial condition are significantly affected by the La Yesca hydroelectric project.
In September 2007, the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission, awarded a U.S.$768 million contract for the engineering, procurement and construction of the La Yesca hydroelectric project to CPH, a consortium in which two of our subsidiaries hold a combined 67% interest. La Peninsular Compañia Constructora, S.A. de C.V. holds the remaining interest in the consortium. The La Yesca hydroelectric project is located on the border between the states of Jalisco and Nayarit, and is comprised of civil construction, electromechanical and ancillary work including the procurement, engineering, construction, transportation,start-up, testing and commissioning of two 375-megawatt turbogenerating units. The terms of the La Yesca contract required that we secure financing for the project costs and limit disbursements during the construction phase to 90% of the cash cost of any certified work performed. The consortium arranged financing for the La Yesca hydroelectric project from WestLB AG, which also structured the financing for the El Cajon hydroelectric project. Because the terms of the construction contract provide that the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission will pay for the project upon completion and the financing obtained by CPH covers only the project’s cash costs, the project will not generate any significant cash flow to us until completion, which is scheduled to occur in the second quarter of 2012. However, because we recognize revenues from the La Yesca hydroelectric project based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which relies on certain estimates and assumptions, the project is expected to generate a material portion of our revenues in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The La Yesca hydroelectric project is expected to represent a substantial portion of our receivables and our indebtedness in the future. At December 31, 2007, we had Ps.123 million in contract receivables and Ps.384 million of debt on our balance sheet relating to the La Yesca hydroelectric project. The debt figure is higher than the receivables figure due to the fact that the withdrawals of the revolving credit facility are made in advance.
The nature of our engineering and construction business exposes us to potential liability claims and contract disputes, which may reduce our profits.
We engage in engineering and construction activities for large facilities where design, construction or systems failures can result in substantial injury or damage to third parties. We have been and may in the future be named as a defendant in legal proceedings where parties may make a claim for damages or other remedies with respect to our projects or other matters. These claims generally arise in the normal course of our business. When it is determined that we have liability, we may not be covered by insurance or, if covered, the dollar amount of these liabilities may exceed our policy limits. In addition, even where insurance is maintained for such exposures, the policies have deductibles resulting in our assuming exposure for a layer of coverage with respect to any such claims. Any liability not covered by our insurance, in excess of our insurance limits or, if covered by insurance but subject to a high deductible, could result in a significant loss for us, which may reduce our profits and cash available for operations.
Our participation in projects outside Mexico involves greater risks than those typically faced in Mexican projects and could jeopardize our profits.
From 1994 to 2002, our strategy placed greater emphasis on our international operations in order to compensate for the lower level of construction activity in Mexico following the December 1994 Mexican peso devaluation and the resulting economic crisis in Mexico. We pursued this strategy through acquisitions of foreign companies, such as CPC S.A., or CPC, our former Argentine subsidiary, as well as through the direct involvement by our Civil Construction and Industrial Construction divisions in foreign projects, such as the Corredor Sur highway concession in Panama and the Malla Vial street network refurbishment project in Colombia. To date, our foreign projects in Latin America have generated mixed results. We had losses on projects such as the Malla Vial street network refurbishment project in Colombia, the construction of a segment of the light rail system in Puerto Rico, the construction of the San Juan Coliseum in Puerto Rico and the construction of the AES power project in the Dominican Republic. As a result of these losses, we have sought to be more selective in our involvement in international operations, and are placing limits on international operations based on risks related to the project’s location, the client and the risks inherent to
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particular projects. However, there can be no assurance we will be successful in these efforts. Based on the number of international contracts currently in place and past experience, there is a risk that future profits could be jeopardized.
We have increasingly been required to meet minimum equity requirements, financial ratios or more stringent experience requirements in order to bid on large public infrastructure projects, which could reduce our ability to bid for potential projects.
In recent years, we have increasingly been required to meet minimum equity requirements, certain financial ratios or more stringent requirements in order to bid on large public infrastructure projects. For example, Pemex, Mexico’s state-owned oil company, has increasingly required that companies that submit bids for certain of its public projects meet minimum equity requirements. Similarly, Mexico City’s government has increasingly required that companies submitting bids for its public works projects meet certain minimum financial ratios. Although we have historically been able to comply with such requirements, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so in the future. If we do not meet such requirements, it could reduce our ability to bid for potential projects, which would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
The success of our joint ventures depend on the satisfactory performance by our joint venture partners of their joint venture obligations. The failure of our joint venture partners to perform their joint venture obligations could impose on us additional financial and performance obligations that could result in reduced profits or, in some cases, significant losses for us with respect to the joint venture.
We enter into various joint ventures as part of our engineering, procurement and construction businesses, including Red de Carreteras de Occidente, or RCO, ICA-Fluor, Rodio-Kronsa and project-specific joint ventures. The success of these and other joint ventures depends, in part, on the satisfactory performance by our joint venture partners of their joint venture obligations. If our joint venture partners fail to satisfactorily perform their joint venture obligations as a result of financial or other difficulties, the joint venture may be unable to adequately perform or deliver its contracted services. Under these circumstances, we may be required to make additional investments and provide additional services to ensure the adequate performance and delivery of the contracted services. These additional obligations could result in reduced profits or, in some cases, significant losses for us with respect to the joint venture.
Our backlog of construction contracts is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues.
The amount of backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues related to the performance of such work. Although backlog represents only business that is considered to be firm, there can be no assurance that cancellations, failure to collect or scope adjustments will not occur. As of March 31, 2008, five projects represented a significant part of our backlog:
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| • | Ps.7,917 million or 27.2% of our construction backlog was related to the La Yesca hydroelectric project, which has a scheduled completion date of June 2012; |
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| • | Ps.4,344 million or 14.5% of our construction backlog was related to a contract with Pemex for the Chicontepec II project, which has a scheduled completion date of November 2011; |
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| • | Ps.2,727 million or 9.4% of our construction backlog was related to the Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlan concession highway, which has a scheduled completion date of April 2012; |
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| • | Ps.2,581 million or 8.9% of our construction backlog was related to the Rio Verde-Ciudad Valles concession highway, which has a scheduled completion date of May 2010; and |
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| • | Ps.2,473 million or 8.5% of our construction backlog was related to Queretaro Aqueduct, which has a scheduled completion date of January 2010. |
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We cannot assure you that we will secure contracts equivalent in scope and duration to replace the backlog or that the current backlog will perform as expected. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Operating Results — Construction — Construction Backlog.”
We face risks related to project performance requirements and completion schedules, which could jeopardize our profits.
In certain instances, we have guaranteed completion of a project by a scheduled acceptance date or achievement of certain acceptance and performance testing levels. However, there is a risk that adherence to these guarantees may not be possible. The failure to meet any such schedule or performance requirements could result in costs that exceed projected profit margins, includingfixed-amount liquidated damages up to a certain percentage of the overall contract amountand/or guarantees for the entire contract amount.
There can be no assurance that the financial penalties stemming from the failure to meet guaranteed acceptance dates or achievement of acceptance and performance testing levels would not have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our return on our investment in a concession project may not meet the estimated returns contemplated in the terms of the concession.
Our return on any investment in a highway, bridge, tunnel or waste-water treatment plant concession is based on the duration of the concession, in addition to the amount of usage revenues collected, debt service costs and other factors. Traffic volumes, and thus toll revenues, are affected by a number of factors including toll rates, the quality and proximity of alternative free roads, fuel prices, taxation, environmental regulations, consumer purchasing power and general economic conditions. The level of traffic on a given highway also is influenced heavily by its integration into other road networks. Usually concession and Public/Private Partnership Structure, or PPP, contracts provide that the grantor of the contract shall deliver the right-of-way to the project land in accordance with the construction schedule. If the grantor fails to deliver such rights-of-way on time, we may incur additional investments and delays at the start of operations, and therefore we may need to seek the modification of the concession or PPP contract. There can be no assurance that we will reach an agreement as to the amendment of any such contracts. Given these factors, there can be no assurance that our return on any investment in a highway, bridge, tunnel or waste-water treatment plant concession will meet the estimates contemplated in the relevant concession or PPP contract.
The Mexican government may terminate our concessions under various circumstances, some of which are beyond our control.
Our concessions are some of our principal assets, and we would be unable to continue operations of a particular concession without the title. A concession may be revoked by the Mexican government for certain prescribed reasons pursuant to the particular title and the particular governing law, which may include failure to comply with developmentand/or maintenance programs, temporary or permanent halt in our operations, failure to pay damages resulting from our operations, exceeding our maximum rates or failure to comply with any other material term of a concession.
The Mexican government may also terminate a concession at any time through reversion, if, in accordance with applicable Mexican law, it determines that it is in the public interest to do so. The Mexican government may also assume the operation of a concession in the event of war, public disturbance or a threat to national security. In addition, in the case of aforce majeureevent, the Mexican government may require us to implement certain changes in our operations. In the event of a reversion of the public domain assets that are the subject of our concessions, the Mexican government under Mexican law is generally required to compensate us for the value of the concessions or added costs. Similarly, in the event of an assumption of our operations, other than in the event of war, the government is required to compensate us and any other affected parties for any resulting damages. There can be no assurance that we would receive compensation equivalent to the value of our investment in a concession.
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Our failure to recover adequately on claims against project owners for payment could have a material effect on us.
We occasionally bring claims against project owners for additional cost that exceed the contract price or for amounts not included in the original contract price. These types of claims occur due to matters such as owner-caused delays or changes from the initial project scope, which result, both directly and indirectly, in additional cost. Often, these claims can be the subject of lengthy arbitration or litigation proceedings, and it is often difficult to accurately predict when these claims will be fully resolved. When these types of events occur and unresolved claims are pending, we may invest significant working capital in projects to cover cost overruns pending the resolution of the relevant claims. As of March 31, 2008, we had Ps.507 million of allowance for doubtful accounts related to contract and trade receivables, which amount included allowances for the El Cajon hydroelectric project and Terminal II of the Mexico City International Airport. A failure to promptly recover on these types of claims could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and financial condition.
Our continued growth requires us to hire and retain qualified personnel.
Over the past years, the demand for employees who engage in and are experienced in the services we perform has continued to grow as our customers have increased their capital expenditures and the use of our services. The continued growth of our business is dependent upon being able to attract and retain personnel, including engineers, corporate management and craft employees, who have the necessary and required experience and expertise. Competition for this kind of personnel is intense. Difficulty in attracting and retaining these personnel could reduce our capacity to perform adequately in present projects and to bid for new ones.
We maintain a workforce based upon current and anticipated workloads. If we do not receive future contract awards or if these awards are delayed, we may incur significant costs.
Our estimates of future performance depend on, among other matters, whether and when we will receive certain new contract awards. While our estimates are based upon our good faith judgment, these estimates can be unreliable and may frequently change based on newly available information. In the case of large-scale domestic and international projects where timing is often uncertain, it is particularly difficult to predict whether and when we will receive a contract award. The uncertainty of contract award timing can present difficulties in matching our workforce size with our contract needs. If an expected contract award is delayed or not received, Mexican labor law requirements could cause us to incur costs resulting from reductions in workforce or redundancy of facilities that would have the effect of reducing our profits.
We have had substantial losses in past years, which could recur in the future.
Several years ago, we suffered recurring losses. We reported an operating loss of Ps.959 million in 2001, and net losses of Ps.1,234 million in 2003, Ps.1,453 million in 2002 and Ps.5,300 million in 2001. In 2006, 2005 and 2004, we reported both operating income and net income, but in 2007 we reported a net loss of Ps.785 million principally as a result of provisions related to Mexico’s implementation of a flat rate business tax and the elimination of the asset tax. Our long-term profitability is dependent in significant part on our ability to implement more selective contracting practices and productivity improvements, as well as various factors outside of our control, such as Mexican public sector spending on infrastructure, the demand for construction services, the cost of materials such as steel and cement, prevailing financing conditions and availability, and exchange and interest rates. There can be no assurance that we will be able to effectively implement more selective contracting practices and other productivity improvements, obtain financing on favorable terms, or that these various factors will not have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
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Risks Related to Our Airport Operations
Our operating and net income are highly dependent on our subsidiary GACN.
We operate 13 concessioned airports in Mexico through GACN. We began consolidating GACN’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 and its results of operations as of January 1, 2006. As of December 31, 2007, we controlled shares representing approximately 55.87% of GACN’s capital stock. Our interest in GACN exposes us to risks associated with airport operations.
In 2007, GACN represented 8% of our revenues and 47% of our operating income. GACN’s airport concessions from the Mexican government are essential to GACN’s contribution of revenues. Any adverse effect on GACN would have an adverse effect on our operating results.
GACN’s revenues are closely linked to passenger and cargo traffic volumes and the number of air traffic movements at its airports. These factors directly determine GACN’s revenues from aeronautical services and indirectly determine its revenues from non-aeronautical services. Passenger and cargo traffic volumes and air traffic movements depend in part on many factors beyond our control, including economic conditions in Mexico and the U.S., the political situation in Mexico and elsewhere in the world, the attractiveness of GACN’s airports relative to that of other competing airports, fluctuations in petroleum prices (which can have a negative impact on traffic as a result of fuel surcharges or other measures adopted by airlines in response to increased fuel costs) and changes in regulatory policies applicable to the aviation industry. International conflicts and health epidemics have negatively affected the frequency and pattern of air travel worldwide. The occurrence of any of these developments would adversely affect GACN’s business, and in turn, our business. Any decreases in air traffic to or from our airports as a result of factors such as these could adversely affect GACN’s business, results of operations, prospects and financial condition, thereby negatively affecting our overall results.
GACN’s operations depend on certain key airline customers.
GACN’s operations depend on certain key airline customers. Of GACN’s total revenues for 2007, Aeromexico and its affiliates accounted for 25.1%, Mexicana and its affiliates accounted for 14.0% and Aviacsa and its affiliates accounted for 9.4%. In addition, approximately one-fourth of GACN’s passenger traffic is handled by low-cost carriers. GACN’s contracts with its airline customers are not subject to a mandatory volume of business and we can offer no assurance that, if any of GACN’s key customers reduces or terminates its use of our airports, competing airlines would add flights to their schedules that would replace any flights no longer handled by our principal airlines customers.
Terrorist attacks have had a severe impact on the international air travel industry and have adversely affected our business and may do so in the future.
As with all airport operators, we are subject to the threat of terrorist attack. The terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001 had a severe adverse impact on the air travel industry, particularly on U.S. carriers and on carriers operating international service to and from the United States. Airline traffic in the United States fell precipitously after the attacks. GACN’s terminal passenger volumes declined 6% in 2002 as compared to 2001. In the event of a terrorist attack involving one of GACN’s airports directly, airport operations would be disrupted or suspended during the time necessary to conduct rescue operations, investigate the incident and repair or rebuild damaged or destroyed facilities, and our future insurance premiums would likely increase. In addition, our insurance policies do not cover all losses and liabilities resulting from terrorism. Any future terrorist attacks, whether or not involving aircraft, will likely adversely affect our business, results of operations, prospects and financial condition.
Because a substantial majority of GACN’s international flights involve travel to the U.S., it may be required to comply with security directives of the U.S. Transportation Security Administration, in addition to the directives of Mexican aviation authorities. Security measures taken to comply with future security directives or in response to a terrorist attack or threat could reduce passenger capacity at GACN’s airports due
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to increased passenger screening and slower security checkpoints, which would have an adverse effect on GACN’s results of operations.
GACN provides a public service regulated by the Mexican government and its flexibility in managing its aeronautical activities is limited by the regulatory environment in which GACN operates.
GACN operates its airports under concessions, the terms of which are regulated by the Mexican government. As with most airports in other countries, GACN’s aeronautical fees charged to airlines and passengers are regulated. In 2005, 2006 and 2007, approximately 81%, 81% and 82%, respectively, of GACN’s total revenues were earned from aeronautical services, which are subject to price regulation. These regulations may limit our flexibility in operating GACN’s aeronautical activities, which could have a material adverse effect on GACN’s business, results of operations, prospects and financial condition. In addition, several of the regulations applicable to GACN’s operations and that affect its profitability are authorized (as in the case of its master development programs) or established (as in the case of its maximum rates) by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation for five-year terms. Except under limited circumstances, we generally do not have the ability to unilaterally change GACN’s obligations (such as the investment obligations under its master development programs or the obligation under its concessions to provide a public service) or increase its maximum rates applicable under those regulations should passenger traffic or other assumptions on which the regulations were based change during the applicable term. In addition, there can be no assurance that this price regulation system will not be amended in a manner that would cause additional sources of GACN’s revenues to be regulated, which could limit GACN’s flexibility in setting prices for additional sources of revenues that are not currently subject to any restriction.
We cannot predict how the regulations governing our Airport Division will be applied.
Many of the laws, regulations and instruments that regulate our airport business were adopted or became effective in 1999, and there is only a limited history that would allow us to predict the impact of these legal requirements on our future operations. In addition, although Mexican law establishes ranges of sanctions that might be imposed should we fail to comply with the terms of one of our concessions, the Mexican Airport Law(Ley de Aeropuertos) and its regulations or other applicable law, we cannot predict the sanctions that are likely to be assessed for a given violation within these ranges. We cannot assure you that we will not encounter difficulties in complying with these laws, regulations and instruments.
Moreover, when determining our maximum rates for the next five-year period (covering 2011 to 2015), the Ministry of Communications and Transportation may be subject to significant pressure from different entities (such as, for example, the Mexican Competition Commission and the carriers operating at our airports) to impose rates that will reduce the profitability of our airport business. Therefore there can be no assurance that the laws and regulations governing our airport business, including the rate-setting process and the Mexican Airport Law, will not change in the future or be applied or interpreted in a way that could have a material adverse effect on our results from operations.
The operations of GACN’s airports may be affected by the actions of third parties, which are beyond our control.
As is the case with most airports, the operation of GACN’s airports is largely dependent on the services of third parties, such as air traffic control authorities and airlines. GACN is also dependent upon the Mexican government or entities of the government for provision of services, such as electricity, supply of fuel to aircraft, air traffic control and immigration and customs services for international passengers. We are not responsible for and cannot control the services provided by these parties. Any disruption in, or adverse consequence resulting from, their services, including a work stoppage or other similar event, may have a material adverse effect on the operation of GACN’s airports and on GACN’s results of operations.
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The Mexican government could grant new or expanded concessions that compete with our airports and could have an adverse effect on our revenues.
The Mexican government could grant additional or expanded concessions to operate existing government managed airports or authorize the construction of new airports, which could compete directly with our airports. In the future, we also may face competition from Aeropuerto del Norte, an airport near Monterrey operated by a third party pursuant to a concession. Historically, Aeropuerto del Norte has been used solely for general aviation flights. Recently, the state of Nuevo Leon has approached the Ministry of Communications and Transportation to discuss the possibility of amending Aeropuerto del Norte’s concession to allow it to serve commercial aviation flights. To date, the Ministry of Communications and Transportation has not amended Aeropuerto del Norte’s concession. However, there can be no assurance that the Ministry of Communications and Transportation will not authorize such an amendment and that commercial aviation flights will not operate from Aeropuerto del Norte in the future.
Any competition from other such airports could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Under certain circumstances, the grant of a concession for a new or existing airport must be made pursuant to a public bidding process. In the event that a competing concession is offered in a public bidding process, there can be no assurance that we would participate in such process, or that we would be successful if we did participate.
Actions by parties purporting to be former owners of land comprising a portion of the Ciudad Juarez International Airport could cause our concession to operate the airport to be invalid.
Parties purporting to be former owners of land comprising a portion of GACN’s Ciudad Juarez International Airport initiated legal proceedings against the airport to reclaim the land, alleging that it was improperly transferred to the Mexican government. As an alternative to recovery of this land, the claimants also sought monetary damages of U.S.$120 million. On May 18, 2005, a Mexican court ordered GACN to return the disputed land to the plaintiffs.
An appellate court later vacated the May 18, 2005 court order regarding the return of the land. However that decision and three subsequent constitutional claims(juicios de amparo) permitted the case to be reconsidered, and as a result of such constitutional claims, the original claimants must now include the Ministry of Communications and Transportation, as a party to the litigation since the Ministry of Communications and Transportation is the grantor of the concession title to the Ciudad Juarez Airport. In the event that any subsequent action results in a decision substantially similar to the May 18, 2005 court order or otherwise adverse to GACN, and the Mexican government does not subsequently exercise its power of eminent domain to retake possession of the land for GACN’s use, which we believe the terms of our concessions would require, GACN’s concession to operate the Ciudad Juarez Airport would terminate. In 2006 and 2007, the Ciudad Juarez International Airport represented 5.4% and 5.7%, respectively, of GACN’s revenue. Although we believe, and GACN has been advised by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation that, under the terms of GACN’s concessions the termination of its Ciudad Juarez concession would not affect the validity of its remaining airport concessions and that the Mexican federal government would be obligated to indemnify GACN against any monetary or other damages resulting from the termination of its Ciudad Juarez concession or a definitive resolution of the matter in favor of the plaintiffs, there can be no assurance that GACN would be so indemnified.
Most of the shares of GACN owned by our subsidiary Aeroinvest, are subject to foreclosure if Aeroinvest defaults on certain loans.
As of December 31, 2007, we controlled an aggregate of 223,492,500 shares of our airport subsidiary GACN, representing 55.87% of GACN’s capital stock. Our investment in GACN was comprised of 156,692,500 series B shares that we owned directly through our wholly-owned subsidiary Aeroinvest, and 66,800,000 series B and BB shares that we controlled through our ownership of 74.5% of the capital stock of SETA. The remaining 25.5% of SETA was owned by Aeroports de Paris Management, or ADPM. The remaining shareholders in GACN held 44.13% of its outstanding capital stock.
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In June 2007, Aeroinvest entered into agreements with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated, or Merrill Lynch, to refinance the former facility. The refinancing was approved at GACN’s extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held January 31, 2007. The refinancing consists of the issuance of three series of notes by a Mexican trust, each of which has a term of 10 years. The total amount of the refinancing was approximately Ps.2,805 million, payable in Mexican pesos. The refinancing was used to prepay the former facility, related costs, fees, reserves and for general corporate purposes. Aeroinvest has pledged and assigned its economic and corporate interests in its series “B” shares of GACN, and has assigned its economic and corporate interests in its 74.5% ownership of SETA. Under the refinancing, Aeroinvest retains the right to vote at all times prior to failing to make a required payment. Both we and Aeroinvest made corporate guarantees in connection with the refinancing. If Aeroinvest defaults on its obligations under these credit facilities or notes, the creditors under these indebtedness arrangements could foreclose on the collateral, including our interest in shares of GACN representing 36.04% of GACN’s capital stock. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Indebtedness — Aeroinvest.”
Risks Related to Mexico and Other Markets in Which We Operate
Adverse economic conditions in Mexico may adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.
A substantial portion of our operations are conducted in Mexico and are dependent upon the performance of the Mexican economy. As a result, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be affected by the general condition of the Mexican economy, over which we have no control. See “Item 4. Information on the Company — History and Development of the Company — Public Sector Spending and the Mexican Economy.” In the past, Mexico has experienced economic crises, caused by internal and external factors, characterized by exchange rate instability (including large devaluations), high inflation, high domestic interest rates, economic contraction, a reduction of international capital flows, a reduction of liquidity in the banking sector and high unemployment rates. We cannot assume that such conditions will not return or that such conditions will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Mexico experienced a period of slow growth from 2001 through 2003, primarily as a result of the downturn in the U.S. economy. In 2001, Mexico’s GDP declined by 0.2%, while inflation reached 4.4%. In 2002, GDP grew by 0.8% and inflation reached 5.7%. In 2003, GDP grew by 1.4% and inflation was 4.0%. In 2004, GDP grew by 4.2% and inflation increased to 5.2%. In 2005, GDP grew by approximately 2.8% and inflation decreased to 3.3%. In 2006, GDP grew by approximately 4.8% and inflation reached 4.1%. In 2007, GDP grew by approximately 1.8% and inflation declined to 3.8%.
Mexico also has, and is expected to continue to have, high real and nominal interest rates. The annualized interest rates on28-day Cetes averaged approximately 11.3%, 7.1%, 6.2%, 6.8%, 9.2%, 7.2% and 7.2% for 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. To the extent that we incur peso-denominated debt in the future, it could be at high interest rates.
If the Mexican economy falls into a recession, if inflation or interest rates increase significantly or the Mexican economy is otherwise adversely impacted, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Appreciation or depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar, other currency fluctuations and foreign exchange controls could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
A substantial portion of our construction revenues are earned under contracts whose prices are denominated in U.S. dollars, while the majority of our raw materials, a portion of our long-term indebtedness and a substantial portion of our day-to-day expenses, including employee compensation, are denominated in Mexican pesos. As a result, an appreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar would decrease our dollar revenues when expressed in Mexican pesos. In addition, currency fluctuations may affect the comparability of our results of operations between financial periods, due to the translation of the financial results of our foreign subsidiaries, such as Rodio Kronsa.
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We generally do not hedge our exposure to the U.S. dollar with respect to the Mexican peso and other currencies; however, recently under some of our long -term credit facilities we have been required to obtain interest rate, currency rate and foreign exchange coverage for the terms of those facilities. Our debt service cost can increase if the peso depreciates. A severe devaluation or depreciation of the Mexican peso may also result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets and may limit our ability to transfer or to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness or obligations in other currencies. We cannot assure you that the Mexican Central Bank will maintain its current policy with respect to the peso. In addition, while the Mexican government does not currently restrict, and since 1982 has not restricted, the right or ability of Mexican or foreign persons or entities to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange control policies in the future. Currency fluctuations may have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in future periods.
Economic and political developments in Mexico could affect Mexican economic policy and adversely affect us.
We are a Mexican corporation and a substantial majority of our operations and assets are located in Mexico. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be affected by the general condition of the Mexican economy, the devaluation of the Mexican peso as compared to the U.S. dollar, price instability, inflation, interest rates, regulation, taxation, social instability and other political, social and economic developments in or affecting Mexico over which we have no control.
The Mexican government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over the Mexican economy. Mexican governmental actions concerning the economy and state-owned enterprises could have a significant effect on Mexican private sector entities in general, and us in particular, as well as on market conditions, prices and returns on Mexican securities, including our securities. In the past, economic and other reforms have not been enacted because of strong congressional opposition to the president. This was the case during the term of President Vicente Fox, which lasted from 2000 to 2006.
Federal elections were held in Mexico on July 2, 2006. Felipe Calderon of the center-right Partido Accion Nacional, or PAN, obtained a plurality of the vote, with a narrow margin over the Partido de la Revolucion Democratica, or PRD, and over the Partido Revolucionario Institucional, or PRI. Although the PAN won a plurality of the seats in the Mexican Congress in the election, no party succeeded in securing a majority in either chamber of the Mexican Congress. The absence of a clear majority by a single party is likely to continue at least until the next Congressional election in 2009. This situation may result in government gridlock and political uncertainty due to the Mexican Congress’ potential inability to reach consensus, most importantly, related to the structural reforms required to modernize certain sectors of the Mexican economy. Our performance historically has been tied to Mexican public-sector spending on infrastructure facilities and Mexican public-sector spending is, in turn, generally dependent on the political climate in Mexico. We cannot provide any assurances that political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Developments in other countries could adversely affect the Mexican economy, our business, financial condition or results of operations and the market value of our securities.
The Mexican economy, the business, financial condition or results or operations of Mexican companies and the market value of securities of Mexican companies may be, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other countries. Although economic conditions in other countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Mexico, investors’ reactions to adverse developments in other countries may have an adverse effect on the market value of securities of Mexican issuers. In October 1997, prices of both Mexican debt and equity securities decreased substantially as a result of the sharp drop in Asian securities markets. Similarly, in the second half of 1998 and in early 1999, prices of Mexican securities were adversely affected by the economic crises in Russia and Brazil. The Mexican debt and equities markets also have been adversely affected by ongoing developments in the global credit markets.
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In addition, in recent years economic conditions in Mexico have become increasingly correlated with economic conditions in the United States as a result of NAFTA and increased economic activity between the two countries. Therefore, adverse economic conditions in the United States, the termination of NAFTA or other related events could have a material adverse effect on the Mexican economy. We cannot assure you that events in other emerging market countries, in the United States or elsewhere will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Corporate disclosure in Mexico may differ from disclosure regularly published by or about issuers of securities in other countries, including the United States.
A principal objective of the securities laws of the United States, Mexico, and other countries is to promote full and fair disclosure of all material corporate information, including accounting information. However, there may be different or less publicly available information about issuers of securities in Mexico than is regularly made available by public companies in countries with highly developed capital markets, including the United States.
In addition, accounting standards and disclosure requirements in Mexico differ from those of the United States. In particular, our financial statements are prepared in accordance with MFRS, which differ from U.S. GAAP and accounting principles adopted in other countries in a number of respects. Items on the financial statements of a company prepared in accordance with MFRS may not reflect its financial position or results of operations in the way they would be reflected had such financial statements been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Note 29 to our financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of consolidated net income (loss) and consolidated stockholders’ equity.
Risks Related to our Securities and our Major Shareholders
You may not be entitled to participate in future preemptive rights offerings.
If we issue new shares for cash as part of a capital increase, we generally must grant our stockholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage in our company. Rights to purchase shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. We may not legally be permitted to allow holders of ADSs, Ordinary Participation Certificates, or CPOs, or shares in the United States to exercise any preemptive rights in any future capital increase unless:
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| • | we file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to that future issuance of shares, or |
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| • | the offering qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. |
At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any other factors that we consider important to determine whether we will file such a registration statement.
There can be no assurance that we will file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to allow holders of ADSs in the United States to participate in a preemptive rights offering. In addition, under current Mexican law, sales by the depository of preemptive rights and distribution of the proceeds from such sales to you, the ADS holders, is not possible.
The significant share ownership of our management and members of our board of directors may have an adverse effect on the future market price of our ADSs and shares.
At May 15, 2008, our directors and executive officers, as a group, beneficially owned approximately 69,416,085 shares (13.94% of the shares outstanding). As of December 31, 2007, our Chairman and his family and the management trust, as a group, beneficially owned approximately 9% of our total shares outstanding. Of this amount, 6.9% of our shares were beneficially held by Bernardo Quintana and his family, including his
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sons Alonso Quintana, our Chief Financial Officer and a member of our board of directors, and Diego Quintana, our Vice President of Housing and a member of our board of directors, and 2.1% were held by the management trust. Also as of December 31, 2007, Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala, a member of our board of directors, and her family, as a group, beneficially owned approximately 4.86% of our total shares outstanding. See “Item 6. Directors and Senior Management — Share Ownership” and “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions — Major Shareholders.”
Actions by our management and board of directors with respect to the disposition of the shares and ADSs they beneficially own, or the perception that such action may occur, may adversely affect the trading price of the shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange or the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange.
Holders of ADSs and CPOs are not entitled to vote.
Holders of ADSs and the underlying CPOs are not entitled to vote the shares underlying such ADSs or CPOs. Such voting rights are exercisable only by the CPO trustee, which is required to vote all such shares in the same manner as the holders of a majority of the shares that are not held in the CPO trust and that are voted at the relevant meeting. As a result, holders of ADSs or CPOs will not be entitled to exercise minority rights to protect their interests and are affected by decisions taken by significant holders of our shares that may have interests different from those of holders of ADSs and CPOs.
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report contains forward-looking statements. We may from time to time make forward-looking statements in our periodic reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission onForms 20-F and6-K, in our annual report to shareholders, in offering circulars and prospectuses, in press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by our officers, directors or employees to analysts, institutional investors, representatives of the media and others. This annual report contains forward-looking statements. Examples of such forward-looking statements include:
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| • | projections of operating revenues, net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, capital expenditures, dividends, cash flow, capital structure or other financial items or ratios; |
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| • | statements of our plans, objectives or goals, including those related to anticipated trends, competition and regulation; |
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| • | statements about our future economic performance or that of Mexico or other countries in which we operate; and |
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| • | statements of assumptions underlying such statements. |
Words such as “believe,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,�� “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “potential,” “predict,” “forecast,” “guideline,” “should” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.
Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. We caution you that a number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the plans, objectives, expectations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These factors, some of which are discussed under “Risk Factors,” include cancellations of significant construction projects included in backlog, material changes in the performance or terms of our concessions, additional costs incurred in projects under construction, developments in legal proceedings, limitations on our access to sources of financing on competitive terms, changes to our liquidity, economic and political conditions and government policies in Mexico or elsewhere, inflation rates, exchange rates, regulatory developments, customer demand and competition. We caution you that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive and that other risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update them in light of new information or future developments.
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Item 4. | Information on the Company |
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY
We are asociedad anonima bursatil de capital variableincorporated as Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. under the laws of Mexico. Our business began in 1947 with the incorporation of Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A., which provided construction services for infrastructure projects for the Mexican public sector. Our registered office is located at Mineria No. 145, Edificio Central, 11800 Mexico, D.F., Mexico, telephone(52-55)5272-9991.
According to data from the Mexican Chamber of the Construction Industry(Camara Mexicana de la Industria de la Construccion)and the INEGI(Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informatica), we are the largest engineering, procurement and construction company in Mexico based on our relative share of the total revenues of the formal construction sector in Mexico, and are the largest provider in Mexico of construction services to both public and private-sector clients. We are engaged in a full range of construction and related activities, involving the construction of infrastructure facilities, as well as industrial, urban and housing construction. In addition, we are engaged in the development and marketing of real estate, the construction, maintenance and operation of airports, highways, bridges and tunnels and in the management and
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operation of water supply systems and solid waste disposal systems under concessions granted by governmental authorities.
Since 1947, we have expanded and diversified our construction and related businesses. In the past, our business strategy had been to strengthen and expand our core construction business, while diversifying our sources of revenue. The Mexican economic crisis triggered by the peso devaluation in 1994 led us to seek new growth opportunities in related businesses in Mexico and in construction businesses outside of Mexico, notably Latin America. After a protracted construction crisis in Mexico, in 1999 we started our non-core divestment program, under which we have sold non-core assets, and used the proceeds from such sales to pay corporate debt. We concluded our non-core divestment program in 2006. In recent years, we have redefined our business focus to emphasize our construction business in Mexico, which in 2006 and 2007 accounted for approximately 83% and 89%, respectively, of our revenues.
We have also recently increased our participation in construction-related businesses such as infrastructure operations and housing development as part of our strategy to minimize the effect of business and macroeconomic cycles in the construction industry. Reflecting this strategy, we have expanded into the following lines of business:
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| • | In December 2005, we acquired a controlling interest in GACN. As of December 31, 2007, we directly and indirectly controlled shares representing approximately 55.87% of GACN’s capital stock. GACN operates 13 airports in the central north region of Mexico, including the Monterrey International Airport. |
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| • | In recent years we have expanded our involvement in housing development. Our Housing Development segment (comprised of our housing development subsidiary, ViveICA S.A. de C.V., or ViveICA) is active in all stages of the development process in the housing industry. ViveICA’s business includes land acquisition, project and urban conceptualization, permit and license applications, and procurement and engineering design. Our housing development increased from 5,909 homes sold in 2006 to 7,786 homes in 2007. |
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| • | In 2007 and 2008, we invested in two new tollroad projects. On October 3, 2007, our affiliate Red de Carreteras de Occidente, S. de R.L. de C.V., or RCO, paid the Mexican government Ps.44,051 million for the concession to operate the first of four packages of tollroads to be offered by the Fideicomiso de Apoyo al Rescate de Autopistas Concesionadas, or FARAC. We own 20% of RCO and GS Global Infrastructure Partners I, L.P. and two of its affiliates, or GSIP, own the remaining 80%. On March 12, 2008, we acquired all the equity of Consorcio del Mayab, S.A. de. C.V., or the Mayab Consortium, which holds the concession for the Kantunil — Cancun tollroad. We paid Ps.870 million to the selling shareholders. |
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “us,” “we” and “ICA” as used in this annual report refer to Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and its consolidated subsidiaries. We are a holding company that conducts all of our operations through subsidiaries. The references herein to segments or sectors are to combinations of various subsidiaries that have been grouped together for management or financial reporting purposes.
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Capital Spending
Our capital spending program is focused on the acquisition, upgrading and replacement of property, plant and equipment as well as investments in infrastructure concessions required for our projects.
The following table sets forth our capital spending for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
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| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
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| | U.S. dollars) | | | | |
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Construction: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Civil | | U.S.$ | 38 | | | Ps. | 415 | | | Ps. | 430 | | | Ps. | 189 | |
Industrial | | | 7 | | | | 79 | | | | 30 | | | | 161 | |
Rodio Kronsa | | | 11 | | | | 125 | | | | 72 | | | | 105 | |
Total | | | 57 | | | | 619 | | | | 532 | | | | 455 | |
Infrastructure: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Airports | | | 60 | | | | 657 | | | | 455 | | | | 0 | |
Other Concessions(1) | | | 371 | | | | 4,049 | | | | 44 | | | | 87 | |
Total | | | 431 | | | | 4,706 | | | | 499 | | | | 87 | |
Housing Development | | | 5 | | | | 57 | | | | 18 | | | | 26 | |
Corporate and Other | | | 1 | | | | 11 | | | | 56 | | | | 42 | |
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Total | | U.S.$ | 494 | | | Ps. | 5,393 | | | Ps. | 1,105 | | | Ps. | 610 | |
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(1) | | In 2007, includes Ps.3,118 million for the investment in a 20% interest in RCO, our tollroad-operating affiliate. |
Aggregate capital spending increased almost fivefold in 2007 as compared to 2006. The increase in aggregate capital spending in 2007 primarily reflected an increase in other concessions represented mainly by our investment in the joint venture RCO with our partners GSIP.
Aggregate capital spending increased 81% from 2005 to 2006. The increase in aggregate capital spending in 2006 primarily reflected the combined effect of the consolidation of GACN, which was offset in part by the change to proportional (50%) consolidation of Rodio Kronsa.
In addition, we made net investments in and loans to unconsolidated affiliates of Ps.3,588 million in 2007, no net investments in or loans to unconsolidated affiliates in 2006, and net investments in and loans to unconsolidated affiliates of Ps.50 million in 2005.
Public-Sector Spending and the Mexican Economy
Our performance and results of operations historically have been tied to Mexican public-sector spending on infrastructure and industrial facilities. Mexican public-sector spending, in turn, has been generally dependent on the state of the Mexican economy and accordingly has varied significantly in the past. See “Item 3 — Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Operations — Our performance is tied to Mexican public-sector spending on infrastructure and industrial facilities.” Mexico’s gross domestic product increased by 3.3% in 2007, compared to a 4.8% increase in 2006. The average interest rates on28-day Mexican treasury notes were 7.2% in 2007, 7.2% in 2006 and 9.2% in 2005. Inflation was 3.8% in 2007, 4.1% in 2006 and 3.3% in 2005.
According to INEGI, Construction GDP increased by 2.1% in 2007, 7.2% in 2006 and 3.3% in 2005, in each case in real terms as compared to the prior year, representing 5.1%, 5.1% and 4.8% of Mexico’s gross domestic product in those years, respectively. In 2007, according to data published by the Mexican Central
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Bank, Mexican public-sector spending on infrastructure projects increased 6.1% in real terms in comparison to 2006.
After a transition period of several months, the government of President Felipe Calderon, who assumed office in December 2006, began soliciting bids for new projects. In 2007, President Calderon unveiled his National Infrastructure Program, which the government has announced is designed to expand Mexico’s infrastructure, accelerate Mexico’s economic growth and make the Mexican economy more internationally competitive. The National Infrastructure Program contemplates public and private investments totaling Ps.951 billion over the 2007 to 2012 period in highways, railroads, ports, airports, telecommunications, water and sanitation, irrigation, and flood control projects. In addition, the National Infrastructure Plan calls for an additional Ps.1,581 billion in energy sector investments.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Our operations are divided into four segments:
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| • | Construction, |
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| • | Infrastructure (formerly Infrastructure Operations), |
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| • | Housing Development, and |
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| • | Corporate and Other. |
Our construction segment is divided into three divisions: Civil Construction, Industrial Construction and Rodio Kronsa. In all three construction divisions, we provide a full range of services, including feasibility studies, conceptual design, engineering, procurement, project and construction management, construction, maintenance, technical site evaluations and other consulting services. In 2005 and 2006, we realigned our divisions to reflect changes in our business. Since January 1, 2005, our real estate operations have been included in our Corporate and Other segment and our housing construction operations have been reported as the Housing Development segment. As of January 1, 2006, we renamed our Infrastructure Operations segment the Infrastructure segment and, within this segment, we created two divisions: Airports and Other Concessions.
Historically, substantially all of our construction services were performed in connection with projects developed and financed by third parties. However, in recent years governments and government agencies, including the Mexican government and Mexican state-owned enterprises, have significantly reduced their spending on the development of infrastructure and industrial facilities and have sought, instead, to stimulate private investment in such facilities. Accordingly, we are increasingly required to participate in arranging the financing for the construction of infrastructure facilities and to invest equity or provide other financing for such projects. Competition has also increased due in part to the ability of many foreign competitors to obtain financing on more attractive terms. In recent years, we have experienced strong demand for infrastructure projects in which we are required to obtain financing, especially in projects for the construction of highways, railroads, power plants, hydroelectric projects, water storage facilities and oil drilling platforms and refineries, which is reflected in the higher volume of work we have recently undertaken on public sector projects.
Description of Business Segments
Construction
Our construction business is divided into Civil Construction, Industrial Construction and Rodio Kronsa.
Contracting Practices
Historically, a majority of our construction business was conducted under unit price contracts, which contain an “escalation” clause that permits us to increase unit prices to reflect the impact of increases in the costs of labor, materials and certain other items due to inflation. Under this form of contract, while a total price is quoted, the construction project is broken down into its various constituent elements, such as excavation volume, square footage ofbuilt-up area, footage of pipes to be laid, and a price per unit is
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established for each such element. Where the amount of work required to complete the contract (i.e., the amount of each constituent element) is greater than the amount quoted in the contract due to incorrect specifications or changes in specifications, we are entitled to an increase in the contract price on the basis of the quantity of each element actually performed, multiplied by its unit price. These unit price contracts allow flexibility in adjusting the contract price to reflect work actually performed and the effects of inflation.
In recent years, however, our construction contracts have been increasingly of the fixed price or not-to-exceed type, which generally do not provide for adjustment except under certain circumstances for inflation or as a result of errors in the contract’s specifications, or mixed price contracts in which a portion of the contract is at fixed price and the rest at unit prices. Examples of mixed price projects in which we are currently involved include the La Yesca hydroelectric project in the Civil Construction division and the Minatitlan contract with Pemex in the Industrial Construction division. Fixed price, not-to-exceed and mixed price contracts collectively accounted for approximately 77% of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2007, 54% of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2006 and 48% of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2005. While we have entered into a large number or contracts with unit pricing in the last two years, we believe that fixed price contracts are more prevalent in the construction market and the contracts that we enter into in the future will reflect this shift to fixed price contracts. We expect that, because of conditions attendant to financing arrangements, future concession-related, infrastructure and industrial construction contracts will restrict the adjustment of the contract price for additional work done due to incorrect contract specifications.
We earn a significant portion of our construction revenues under contracts whose prices are denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos, substantially all of which are of the fixed price, mixed price or not-to-exceed type. Approximately 48% of the contracts awarded to us in 2007 (based on the contract amount) were foreign currency-denominated. Approximately 30% of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2006 represented foreign currency-denominated contracts. Substantially all of our foreign-currency denominated contracts are denominated in U.S. dollars, except for contracts entered into by our Rodio Kronsa division, which are denominated in other currencies, principally euros.
In 2004, we established a committee, which is comprised of a number of our legal and finance executives, to supervise our decisions to bid on new construction projects based upon a number of criteria, including the availability of multilateral financing for potential projects, the availability of rights of way, the adequacy of project specifications, the customer’s financial condition and the political stability of the host country, if the project is outside of Mexico. Currently, our policy requires that all construction projects with expected revenues above a specified threshold be reviewed and approved by this committee.
We obtain new contracts for new projects either through a process of competitive bidding or through negotiation. Generally, the Mexican government and its agencies and instrumentalities may not award a construction contract unless it has been awarded through a public bidding process conducted in accordance with the Public Works and Related Services Law(Ley de Obras Publicas y Servicios Relacionados con las Mismas). Public sector construction contracts may only be awarded without a public bidding process under very limited circumstances, such as where the amount involved is low, the project must be completed on an emergency basis, or technology or special patents are required. Accordingly, the majority of the contracts for new projects awarded to us from Mexican public-sector clients are awarded through competitive bidding. Most contracts for new projects awarded to us by private-sector and foreign government clients are also the result of a bidding process.
The competitive bidding process poses two basic risks: we may bid too high and lose the bid or bid too low and adversely affect our gross margins. The volume of work generally available in the market at the time of the bid, the size of our backlog at that time, the number and financial strength of potential bidders, whether the project requires the contractor to contribute equity or extend financing to the project, the availability of equipment and the complexity of the project under bid are all factors that may affect the competitiveness of a particular bidding process. Direct negotiation (as opposed to competitive bidding) generally tends to represent a more certain method of obtaining contracts and to result in better gross margins.
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In addition to contracts for new projects, increases in the scope of work to be performed in connection with existing projects are an important source of revenue for us. In 2007, increases in scope of work accounted for Ps.7,904 million, or 35%, of our year-end backlog. Contracts for such work are not typically put up for bid, but are negotiated by the client with the existing contractor.
In determining whether to bid for a project, we take into account, apart from the cost (including the cost of financing) and potential profit, efficient usage of machinery, the relative ease or difficulty of obtaining financing, geographic location, project-specific risks, current and projected backlog of work to be performed, our particular areas of expertise and our relationship with the client. Although we prefer to bid for larger projects in which we believe our size gives us a competitive advantage, beginning in 1995, due to a decline in demand for large infrastructure projects in Mexico, we began to participate in smaller projects, such as bridge construction, drainage work and highway repaving and improvements.
As is customary in the construction business, from time to time we employ sub-contractors for particular projects, such as specialists in electrical, hydraulic and electromechanical installations. We are not dependent upon any particular sub-contractor or group of sub-contractors.
Competition
The principal competitive factors in each construction division, in addition to price, are performance and the ability to provide the engineering, planning, financing and management skills necessary to complete a project in a timely fashion.
The market for construction services in Mexico and elsewhere is highly competitive. In the Civil Construction and Industrial Construction divisions, competition is relatively more intense for infrastructure and industrial construction projects outside Mexico.
In our Civil Construction division, we compete primarily with Brazilian, Spanish and Mexican companies, including Constructora Norberto Odebrecht, S.A., Camargo Correa, S.A., Andrade Gutierrez, S.A., Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, S.A., Acciona Infraestructura, S.A., ACS Servicios Construcciones, S.A. and Impulsora del Desarrollo Economico de America Latina, or IDEAL, Carso Infraestructura y Construcciones, S.A.B. de C.V. or CICSA, Compañia Contratista Nacional , S.A. de C.V or Coconal, Gutsa Construcciones, S.A. de C.V. or Gutsa, TRADECO Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. and La Nacional Compañia Constructora.
In our Industrial Construction division, we compete with Mexican, Brazilian, Argentine, Korean and Japanese companies, including Constructora Norberto Odebrecht, S.A., Dragados y Construcciones, S.A., Techint, S.A. de C.V. (Mexico), or Techint, Duro Felguera Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Mitsubishi, Swecomex, S.A. de C.V., CMM, Samsung Ingenieria Manzanillo, S,A. de C.V. and Grupo R, S.A. de C.V.
In our Infrastructure segment, we compete primarily with Mexican and Spanish companies, including Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, S.A., OHL, S.A. (Mexico), Macquarie Infrastructure, Abertis, IDEAL, Grupo Acciona, La Nacional Compañia Constructora, Construccion Aplicada, S.A. de C.V. and OMEGA Construcciones, S.A. de C.V.
We believe that our proven track record in Mexico and our experience and know-how have allowed us to maintain our leadership position in the Mexican construction market. In recent years, the sponsors of many infrastructure construction and industrial construction projects throughout the world, including in Mexico, have required contractors to provide construction on a “turnkey” basis. Many of our foreign competitors have better access to capital and greater financial and other resources and we have been increasingly experiencing significant competition in Mexico from Brazilian, Japanese, Spanish and, to a lesser extent, other European construction companies in recent years. The Rodio Kronsa division faces substantial competition in Spain from large construction companies that operate in that market, as well as from smaller, specialized construction companies that provide the same services offered by Rodio Kronsa.
Raw Materials
The principal raw materials we require for our construction operations are cement, construction aggregates and steel. In our Civil Construction division, raw materials accounted for Ps.1,142 million, or 6%,
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of our costs of sales in 2007, Ps.1,699 million, or 9%, of our cost of sales in 2006 and Ps.876 million, or 5%, of our cost of sales in 2005. In our Industrial Construction division, raw materials accounted for Ps.3,154 million, or 17%, of our costs of sales in 2007, Ps.3,006 million, or 15%, of our cost of sales in 2006 and Ps.3,373 million, or 19%, of our cost of sales in 2005.
Civil Construction
Our Civil Construction division focuses on infrastructure projects in Mexico, including the construction of roads, highways, transportation facilities (such as mass transit systems), bridges, dams, hydroelectric plants, tunnels, canals and airports, as well as on the construction, development and remodeling of large multi-storied urban buildings, including office buildings, multiple-dwelling housing developments and shopping centers. Our Civil Construction division has also pursued opportunities in other parts of Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and the United States. Our Civil Construction division performs activities such as demolition, clearing, excavation, de-watering, drainage, embankment fill, structural concrete construction, concrete and asphalt paving, and tunneling.
The Civil Construction division’s projects are usually large and complex and require the use of large construction equipment and sophisticated managerial and engineering techniques. Although our Civil Construction division is engaged in a wide variety of projects, our projects generally involve contracts whose terms range from two to five years.
We have played an active role in the development of Mexico’s infrastructure and have completed large infrastructure facilities and constructed buildings throughout Mexico and Latin America. Among the facilities and buildings we have constructed from our incorporation in 1947 until 2006:
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| • | the Apulco, Comedero, El Novillo, El Caracol, Cajon de Peña, Tomatlan, Infiernillo, Chicoasen, El Guineo, El Cobano, Jicalan, Falcon, Huites, Aguamilpa, Caruachi and El Cajon dams; |
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| • | the Guadalajara-Colima, Mazatlan-Culiacan, Leon-Lagos-Aguascalientes, Guadalajara-Tepic, Mexico City Morelia-Guadalajara, Cuernavaca-Acapulco, Oaxaca-Sola de Vega and Torreon-Saltillo concessioned highways and the Tehuacan-Oaxaca federal highway; |
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| • | 17 of the 58 existing airports in Mexico and two airports outside Mexico (the Tocumen Panama international airport in Panama and the Philip S.W. Goldson international airport in Belize); |
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| • | various hotels and office buildings, including the Maria Isabel Sheraton, Nikko, Paraiso Radisson Mexico City, Westin Regina Los Cabos and the Torre Mayor, among others; |
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| • | lines one through nine, A and part of B of the Mexico City subway system; and |
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| • | the Mexico City sewage system. |
The most important projects under construction by the Civil Construction division during 2007 included:
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| • | various construction projects that are part of Terminal II at the Mexico City International Airport; |
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| • | the Querataro-Irapuato highway; |
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| • | the Queretaro Aqueduct II; |
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| • | a hospital for the Mexican Navy(Secretaria de Marina) in Mexico City; and |
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| • | a soccer stadium for the Chivas Sport Club. |
The Civil Construction division’s contract awards in 2007 totaled approximately Ps.23,631 million (approximately U.S.$2,165 million), of which 5.8% were awarded outside Mexico.
In September 2007, the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission awarded a U.S.$768 million contract for the engineering, procurement and construction of the La Yesca hydroelectric project to CPH. The La Yesca hydroelectric project is located on the border between the states of Jalisco and Nayarit, and is comprised of civil construction, electromechanical and ancillary work including the procurement, engineering, construction,
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transportation,start-up, testing and commissioning of two 375-megawatt turbogenerating units. The terms of the La Yesca contract require that we secure financing for the project costs and limit disbursements during the construction phase to 90% of the cash cost of any certified work performed. CPH arranged U.S.$910 million of financing for the La Yesca hydroelectric project from WestLB AG, which also structured the financing for the El Cajon hydroelectric project. Because the terms of the construction contract provide that the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission will pay for the project upon completion, and the financing obtained by CPH covers only the project’s cash costs, the project will not generate any significant cash flow to us until completion, which is scheduled to occur in the second quarter of 2012. However, because we recognize revenues from the La Yesca hydroelectric project based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which relies on certain estimates and assumptions, the project is expected to generate an important portion of our revenues in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The La Yesca hydroelectric project is expected to represent substantial portion of our receivables and our indebtedness in the future. At December 31, 2007, we had Ps.123 million in contract receivables and Ps.384 million of debt on our balance sheet relating to the La Yesca hydroelectric project.
In March 2003, the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission awarded a U.S.$748 million (subsequently increased to U.S.$871 million as of December 31, 2007) contract for the engineering, procurement and construction of the El Cajon hydroelectric project to CIISA. The El Cajon hydroelectric project is located in the state of Nayarit, and was comprised of civil construction, electromechanical and ancillary work including the procurement, engineering, construction, transportation, testing,start-up and commissioning of two375-megawatt turbo generating units. The El Cajon hydroelectric project was Mexico’s first engineering, procurement and construction contract for the complete construction of a hydroelectric project under Mexico’s public works financing program. On February 27, 2007, the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission paid CIISA U.S.$525 million upon the delivery of the project’s first turbine unit. In June 2007, CIISA delivered the second turbine to the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission. The project was completed in August 2007. On August 31, 2007, CIISA received a second payment of U.S.$308 million, bringing the total payment received to U.S.$833 million. Through March 31, 2008, we have recognized U.S.$901 million of revenues based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which relies on certain estimates and assumptions. The difference — U.S.$68 million — is comprised of two parts. The first part is U.S.$37 million in accounts receivable, representing work approved by the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission that has been outstanding for more than 120 days. In accordance with our accounting policies, in the fourth quarter of 2007 we created a provision for 50% of the U.S.$37 million, or Ps.202 million. The second part of the difference is U.S.$31 million in executed work that the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission has not yet approved for payment. We and the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission are negotiating regarding the U.S.$31 million in executed work through the use of mediation,on-site negotiations and expert appraisals. There can be no assurance that we will receive part or all of the U.S.$68 million that remains unpaid. We and the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission have agreed to submit additional differences for which we cannot reach an agreement to an international arbitration proceeding. An arbitral tribunal has been constituted and is currently drafting the terms of reference, which set out the undisputed facts relating to the arbitration, the claims of the parties and the issues to be decided.
During 2005 and 2006, we were required to invest an aggregate of Ps.1,066 million of additional capital in CIISA to finance undisbursed portions of the project’s cash costs, which increased our ownership percentage in CIISA from 61% to 75%. This increase reflects dilution of the ownership percentage of our partners, rather than transfers of interests in CIISA from our partners to us.
In the past, our Civil Construction division pursued infrastructure projects in Central and South America and the Caribbean, and may continue to do so on a more limited basis in the future. Projects in these areas ranged from construction of a section of the subway system in Santiago, Chile to the construction of a natural gas pipeline system in Argentina and the Caruachi hydroelectric dam in Venezuela. Our largest non-Mexican project during 2007 was the construction of the Cachamay Stadium in Venezuela. In 2007, less than 18% of our revenues in the Civil Construction division were attributable to construction activities outside Mexico.
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Industrial Construction
Our Industrial Construction division focuses on the engineering, procurement, construction, design and commissioning of large manufacturing facilities such as power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, fertilizer plants, pharmaceutical plants, steel mills, paper mills, drilling platforms and automobile and cement factories.
Relationship with ICA-Fluor. In 1993, we sold a 49% interest in our industrial construction subsidiary to Fluor Daniel Mexico, S.A., or Fluor, a subsidiary of The Fluor Corporation, forming the ICA-Fluor joint venture. Since 1993, we have owned 51% of the ICA-Fluor joint venture. Partner resolutions require the approval of a simple majority of ICA-Fluor’s partners’ interests, except for decisions relating to matters such as capital increases, changes to ICA-Fluor’s bylaws, dividend payments and a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of ICA-Fluor. We and Fluor are each entitled to appoint an equal number of members of ICA-Fluor’s board of directors and executive committee. Historically, we have designated the chief executive officer of ICA-Fluor. In addition, we and Fluor have agreed that ICA-Fluor will be the exclusive means for either party to provide construction, procurement, project management,start-up and maintenance services to the production and pipeline, power plant, petrochemical, industrial, environmental services, mining, chemicals and plastics and processing plants within Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. This agreement will terminate upon a sale by Fluor or us of any of our partnership interests in ICA-Fluor or, following a breach of any of the ICA-Fluor agreements, one year after payment of any damages due to the non-breaching party in respect of this breach. We believe that our alliance with Fluor provides us with a wider range of business opportunities in the industrial construction markets in and outside Mexico, as well as access to technology and know-how which give us a competitive advantage in these markets.
In the past decade, over one-half of the work performed by the Industrial Construction division has been for the Mexican public sector, the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission and Pemex, and new contracts entered into by ICA-Fluor are increasingly oil and gas-based projects and services for Pemex. During 2007, 82% of the Industrial Construction division’s revenues were derived from work performed for the public sector and Pemex. Clients of the Industrial Construction division’s Mexican operations range from state-owned enterprises, such as Pemex Exploracion y Construccion, Pemex Gas y Petroquimica Basica, Pemex Refinacion and Pemex Petroquimica to private-sector clients, such as Sempra Energy Resources, Transalta Campeche, PPG, Enertek, Avantel, Alestra (a joint venture between AT&T, Grupo Alfa and Valores Industriales), Navistar, Iberdrola Energia Altamira S.A. de C.V., AES Elsta B.C. & Co., BASF Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., AES Andres, Snamprogetti, Cementos El Salvador, Linde A.G. and Compañia de Nitrogeno Cantarell (an international consortium among BOC Holdings, Linde, Marubeni Corporation and Westcoast Energy Inc.), Iberdrola Energia del Golfo, S.A. de C.V., Iberdrola Energia La Laguna, S.A. de C.V. Terminal de LNG de Altamira, S.A. de C.V. Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co, Ltd, Dowell Schlumberger de Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
Typical Projects. Projects in our Industrial Construction division typically involve sophisticated engineering techniques and require us to fulfill complicated technical and quality specifications. Our Industrial Construction division contracts are mainly U.S. dollar-denominated, fixed price contracts.
Among the principal projects we have completed in the Industrial Construction division recently are:
| | |
| • | The Cantarell nitrogen plant; |
|
| • | the Pemex sulfur recovery plant in Chiapas; |
|
| • | the Transalta Campeche combined cycle power plant; |
|
| • | a combined cycle thermoelectric power plant for Altamira III, IV and V; |
|
| • | the La Laguna combined cycle thermoelectric power plant in Durango; |
|
| • | a liquefied natural gas storage tanks for IHI in Altamira, Tamaulipas; and |
|
| • | the Reynosa III and IV Cryogenic plants. |
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The Industrial Construction division’s contract awards in 2007 totaled approximately Ps.11,615 million (approximately U.S.$1,064 million) and included projects such as:
| | |
| • | the Chicontepec II project for Pemex; |
|
| • | the construction of the cryogenic plants Reynosa 5 and Reynosa 6 for Pemex; and |
|
| • | the steel mill plant for AHMSA. |
The most important projects under construction by the Industrial Construction division during 2007 included:
| | |
| • | the reconfiguration of Package II of the Minatitlan refinery project; |
|
| • | the construction of the cryogenic plants Reynosa 5 and Reynosa 6 for Pemex; |
|
| • | The INDELPRO PP line and splitter, second phase; and |
|
| • | the Cayo de Arcas offshore housing platform. |
In October 2004, ICA-Fluor entered into a contract with Pemex for the reconfiguration of Package II of the Minatitlan refinery project, including auxiliary services, waste-water treatment and integration works at the facility. Package II of the Minatitlan refinery project was valued at Ps.723 million at December 31, 2007. We expect to complete this project in 2008. The project was awarded pursuant to a mixed price contract in which a portion of the contract involves fixed prices and, for the balance, unit prices. ICA-Fluor will receive payment from Pemex for construction services over the life of the contract, as we reach certain contractual milestones. ICA-Fluor posted a guarantee of U.S.$88 million for the value of certain work to be completed on Package II of the Minatitlan refinery project, which was obtained through an unsecured letter of credit.
Turnkey Projects. During the past decade, the Industrial Construction division has experienced a shift toward private sector investment. In recent years, certain clients, including Mexican state-owned enterprises such as the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission and Pemex, have required that projects sponsored by them be constructed on a turnkey basis with financing arranged by the parties constructing the project. Accordingly, bids for such projects must be complete packages, including, among other things, engineering, construction, financing, procurement and industrial elements. As a result of the increased complexity of the projects, bids are frequently submitted by consortia. Our ability to win these bids is affected by the relative strengths and weaknesses of our partners in the consortia and the ability of each consortium to obtain financing. In 2003, we entered into a single consortium with Schlumberger AG in connection with a contract to develop the Chicontepec oil field for Pemex, which has a scheduled completion date of May 2008.
Typical of turnkey projects in this division is the nitrogen plant for Pemex’s Cantarell oil and natural gas field in Campeche. The plant was built pursuant to a15-year build-own-operate-transfer contract and was awarded by Pemex to a consortium consisting of BOC Holdings, Linde, Marubeni Corporation, Westcoast Energy Inc. and ICA-Fluor. The consortium members contributed approximately 30% of the project’s total budget. The remainder was temporarily funded through bridge loans and refinanced on December 27, 1999 through a U.S.$381 million loan from the Export-Import Bank of Japan. ICA-Fluor provided a U.S.$29.7 million loan to the consortium, corresponding to approximately 3% of the project’s total budget of U.S.$1 billion. We, along with Linde, provided engineering, procurement and construction services to the project. The plant has a total generation capacity of 600 million standard cubic feet of high purity, high pressure nitrogen per day, which makes it the largest nitrogen generation facility in the world. The plant became operational in 2000. Other recent turnkey projects have included a cogeneration power plant for Enertek, an oxygen plant for Altos Hornos de Mexico, a silica plant for PPG, a cryogenic gas processing and cooling facility for Pemex, a cement plant for Cementos Apasco, a combined cycle power plant for AES Andres, a combined cycle power plant for Sempra, a combined cycle power plant for Transalta and a combined cycle power plant for Iberdrola.
Rodio Kronsa
The Rodio Kronsa division consisted of our Spanish and Argentine operations through 2006, and consists of our Spanish operations beginning in 2007.
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Our Spanish operations consist of Rodio, (a sub-soil construction subsidiary) and Kronsa (a subsidiary that constructs specialized support piles). We own Rodio Kronsa through Aps FRAMEX, or FRAMEX, an intermediary holding company that owns 100% of each of Rodio and Kronsa. We own 50% of FRAMEX and the remaining 50% interest is owned by Soletanche Bachy France. Rodio and Kronsa are each governed by a board of directors that is jointly appointed, in equal number, by Soletanche Bachy France and us, and we appoint the president of the board of each of Rodio and Kronsa. The officers of each of Rodio and Kronsa are appointed by the board to manage day-to-day operations.
Rodio Kronsa was founded in the 1930s and specializes in all forms of sub-soil construction, including the construction of tunnels, underpasses and retaining walls. Most of Rodio’s contracts are of the unit price variety. Because of the nature of its work, Rodio Kronsa is often hired as a subcontractor. Sub-soil construction involves substantial risk due to the uncertainty of subsurface conditions and the possibility of flooding. We believe that these risks are mitigated by the fact that third parties develop the designs for most of Rodio’s projects. Kronsa constructs specialized support piles for use in the construction industry. Kronsa also constructs retaining walls. The principal market for Rodio Kronsa is Spain, although Rodio Kronsa has performed work in various foreign countries, including Russia and several Latin American countries and has subsidiaries in Portugal and Central America.
Among the principal projects Rodio Kronsa have completed between 1973 and 2007 were the following:
| | |
| • | sounding, drilling and various works for the Almendra dam in Salamanca, Spain, the Alcantara dam in Caceres, Spain, and the El Atazar Dam in Madrid, Spain; |
|
| • | construction work for the MetroSur subway system in Madrid, Spain; |
|
| • | sounding, drilling and various works for the Hatillo Dam in the Dominican Republic; |
|
| • | the foundations for housing projects in Spain; and |
|
| • | the M-30 freeway burial in Madrid. |
In 2007, the most important projects constructed by Rodio Kronsa were:
| | |
| • | Porta Firal foundation work on the building to be the headquarters for Iberdrola, in Barcelona; |
|
| • | foundation work on the Moscow Metro Tower in Russia; and |
|
| • | street widening of Alameda Juan Pablo II in San Salvador. |
In each of 2005, 2006 and 2007, CPC, contributed less than 1% of the CPC-Rodio division’s revenues. CPC was sold in 2007.
Construction Backlog
Backlog in the engineering and construction industry is a measure of the total dollar value of accumulated signed contracts at a particular moment.
The following table sets forth, at the dates indicated, our backlog of construction contracts.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
| | U.S. dollars) | | | | |
|
Construction | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Civil | | U.S.$ | 1,823 | | | Ps. | 19,898 | | | Ps. | 4,180 | | | Ps. | 4,769 | |
Industrial | | | 777 | | | | 8,487 | | | | 5,116 | | | | 9,269 | |
Rodio Kronsa | | | 67 | | | | 729 | | | | 352 | | | | 876 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | U.S.$ | 2,667 | | | Ps. | 29,114 | | | Ps. | 9,648 | | | Ps. | 14,914 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Our backlog does not include the backlog of joint venture companies created for specific construction projects and in which we have a minority interest (such as the Caruachi hydroelectric plant in Venezuela). As of December 31, 2007, these joint venture companies had no backlog.
We were awarded contracts totaling Ps.37,532 million (approximately U.S.$3,438 million) in 2007. See note 7 to our financial statements. Three projects represented approximately half of our backlog at December 31, 2007. The La Yesca hydroelectric project accounted for Ps.8,229 million, or 28% of our total backlog as of December 31, 2007. This project is scheduled to be completed in June 2012. In addition, the Chicontepec II project for Pemex, which is scheduled to be completed in 2011 accounted for Ps.4,461 million, or 15%, of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2007. We also began work on the NuevoNecaxa-Tihuatlan highway project, which is currently scheduled be completed in February 2011 and which accounted for approximately Ps.2,727 million, or 9%, of our backlog as of December 31, 2007.
As of December 31, 2007, approximately 4% of construction backlog was attributable to construction projects outside Mexico and public sector projects represented approximately 59% of our total backlog. At December 31, 2007, contracts with a value exceeding U.S.$250 million accounted for 53% of our total backlog, contracts with a value ranging from U.S.$50 million to U.S.$250 million accounted for 35% of our total backlog, and contracts with a value of less than U.S.$50 million accounted for 12% of our total backlog.
The amount of backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues related to the performance of such work. Although backlog represents only business that is considered to be firm, there can be no assurance that cancellations or scope adjustments will not occur.
In certain instances, we have guaranteed completion by a scheduled acceptance date or achievement of certain acceptance and performance testing levels. Failure to meet any such schedule or performance requirements could result in costs that exceed projected profit margins, including penalties of up to 20% of the contract price. Fixed price, not-to-exceed and mixed price contracts collectively accounted for approximately 77% of our construction backlog as of December 31, 2007. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Operating Results — Construction — Construction Backlog.”
Infrastructure
We divide our Infrastructure segment into to two divisions: the Airports division and the Other Concessions division. We began consolidating GACN’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2005 and its results of operations as of January 1, 2006 and we report this financial data in our Airports division.
In January 2007, we signed an agreement to purchase an additional 39% of the shares of the environmental services company Proactiva Medio Ambiente Mexico, S.A. de C.V., or PMA Mexico. PMA Mexico operates municipal potable water treatment and supply, sewage, waste-water treatment, sanitary landfills, solid waste management and hazardous waste managements systems through service contracts and concessions. PMA Mexico was previously known as Consorcio Internacional del Medio Ambiente, S.A. de C.V., or CIMA, and was established as a 50%-50% joint venture with Proactiva Medio Ambiente. In 2006, we sold all but 10% of our interest in CIMA for Ps.319 million (U.S.$27 million). Given our increased focus on infrastructure operations, we repurchased the 39% interest in PMA Mexico from Proactiva Medio Ambiente and as of March 31, 2008, we hold 49% of PMA Mexico and Proactiva Medio Ambiente holds 51%.
During 2007 we participated in five operating concessioned highways that we consolidate, one operating concessioned tunnel (the Acapulco tunnel) and in the management and operation of a water treatment plant in Ciudad Acuña and water supply systems. In addition, in August 2007 the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded the first of four packages of FARAC tollroads to our affiliate RCO, of which we own 20%. We account for RCO using the equity method. RCO has assumed responsibility for the construction, operation, conservation and maintenance of the four tollroads. Since March 2008, we also participate in the operation of the Kantunil Cancun highway, which we consolidate. The financial data for these and other consolidated concessions is reported in our Other Concessions division.
In May 2007 a consortium we head was granted a20-year concession by the State Water Commission of Queretaro for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the Aqueduct II water supply and purification
35
system in Queretaro state. The Aqueduct II is expected to bring water 108km from Moctezuma River to the city of Queretaro. We own, directly and indirectly, a 42% interest in the consortium.
Airports Division
As of December 31, 2007, we controlled an aggregate of 223,492,500 shares of our airport subsidiary GACN, representing 55.87% of GACN’s capital stock. Our investment in GACN was comprised of 156,692,500 series B shares that we owned directly through our wholly-owned subsidiary Aeroinvest, and 66,800,000 series B and BB shares that we controlled through our ownership of 74.5% of the capital stock of SETA. The remaining 25.5% of SETA was owned by Aeroports de Paris Management, or ADPM. The remaining shareholders in GACN held 44.13% of its outstanding capital stock. GACN is listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the Nasdaq.
Aeroinvest and ADPM have also agreed that:
| | |
| • | Aeroinvest will select two members of GACN’s Audit Committee, one of whom must satisfy the independence criteria of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; and |
|
| • | Aeroinvest and ADPM will jointly select at least one member of GACN’s Nominations Committee and Corporate Practices Committee. |
The consortium agreement also requires the unanimous vote of Aeroinvest and ADPM to approve: (i) the pledging or creation of a security interest in any of GACN’s shares held by SETA or the shares issued by SETA; (ii) any amendments to SETA’s bylaws or the SETA shareholders’ agreement; (iii) a merger, split, dissolution or liquidation; (iv) the amendment or termination of GACN’s bylaws or the participation agreement, technical assistance agreement, and technology transfer agreement entered into at the time of GACN’s privatization; (v) changes in GACN’s capital structure; (vi) the conversion of GACN’s Series BB shares into Series B shares ; and (vii) any sale or transfer of shares of SETA.
Under the consortium agreement, transfers by either Aeroinvest or ADPM of its shares in SETA to an unaffiliated third party are subject to limited rights of first refusal in favor of the non-transferring shareholder, and such transfers by Aeroinvest are subject, under certain conditions, to tag-along rights in favor of ADPM. In addition, the consortium agreement includes put and call options in respect of shares of SETA held by Aeroinvest, whereby, from June 14, 2009 through the later of June 14, 2015 and the date that is six months following the termination of the technical assistance agreement, under certain conditions, ADPM may require Aeroinvest to purchase all or a portion of shares of SETA held by ADPM, and in the event of the parties’ inability to resolve definitively a matter to be decided by the board of directors or shareholders of SETA, Aeroinvest may require ADPM to sell to Aeroinvest all or a portion of shares of SETA held by ADPM.
Through GACN, we operate 13 airports in the Central North region of Mexico pursuant to concessions granted by the Mexican government, including the Monterrey airport, which accounted for approximately for 45% of GACN’s revenues in 2007. The airports serve a major metropolitan area (Monterrey), three tourist destinations (Acapulco, Mazatlan and Zihuatanejo), two border cities (Ciudad Juarez and Reynosa) and seven regional centers (Chihuahua, Culiacan, Durango, San Luis Potosi, Tampico, Torreon and Zacatecas). All of the airports are designated as international airports under Mexican law, meaning that they are all equipped to receive international flights and maintain customs, refueling and immigration services managed by the Mexican government.
The substantial majority of the Airport division’s revenues are derived from providing tariff-regulated services, which generally are related to the use of airport facilities by airlines and passengers. For example, approximately 82% of GACN’s total revenues in 2007 were earned from tariff-regulated services. Changes in revenues from aeronautical services are principally driven by the passenger and cargo volume at the airports. Revenues from aeronautical services are also affected by the so-called “maximum rates” the subsidiary concessionaires are allowed to charge under the price regulation system established by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation. The “maximum rate” system of price regulation that applies to aeronautical revenues is linked to the traffic volume (measured in workload units) at each airport; thus, increases in passenger and cargo volume generally permit greater revenues from aeronautical services.
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The Airport division also derives revenues from non-aeronautical activities, which principally relate to the commercial, non-aeronautical activities carried out at the airports, such as the leasing of space in terminal buildings to restaurants and retailers. Revenues from non-aeronautical activities are not subject to the system of price regulation established by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation. Thus, non-aeronautical revenues are principally affected by the passenger volume at the airports and the mix of commercial activities carried out at the airports. While we believe aeronautical revenues will continue to represent a substantial majority of future total revenues, we anticipate that the future growth of revenues from commercial activities will exceed the growth rate of this division’s aeronautical revenues.
The following table provides summary data for each of the airports for the year ended December 31, 2007:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | Revenues Per
| |
| | Terminal
| | | | | | Terminal
| |
Airport | | Passengers | | | Revenues | | | Passenger(1) | |
| | (Number in millions) | | | % | | | (Millions of pesos) | | | % | | | (Pesos) | |
|
Metropolitan area: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Monterrey International Airport | | | 6.6 | | | | 46.2 | % | | | 847.8 | | | | 44.4 | % | | | 128.5 | |
Tourist destinations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acapulco International Airport | | | 1.1 | | | | 7.4 | | | | 148.4 | | | | 7.8 | | | | 134.9 | |
Mazatlan International Airport | | | 0.9 | | | | 6.4 | | | | 143.4 | | | | 7.5 | | | | 159.4 | |
Zihuatanejo International Airport | | | 0.7 | | | | 4.7 | | | | 96.2 | | | | 5.0 | | | | 137.4 | |
Total tourist destinations | | | 2.6 | | | | 18.6 | | | | 388.0 | | | | 20.3 | | | | 143.7 | |
Regional cities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Chihuahua International Airport | | | 0.9 | | | | 6.0 | | | | 116.7 | | | | 6.1 | | | | 129.7 | |
Culiacan International Airport | | | 1.1 | | | | 8.0 | | | | 145.2 | | | | 7.6 | | | | 132.0 | |
Durango International Airport | | | 0.3 | | | | 2.0 | | | | 38.2 | | | | 2.0 | | | | 127.3 | |
San Luis Potosi International Airport | | | 0.3 | | | | 1.9 | | | | 46.3 | | | | 2.4 | | | | 154.3 | |
Tampico International Airport | | | 0.6 | | | | 4.1 | | | | 72.5 | | | | 3.8 | | | | 120.8 | |
Torreon International Airport | | | 0.5 | | | | 3.7 | | | | 75.0 | | | | 3.9 | | | | 149.8 | |
Zacatecas International Airport | | | 0.3 | | | | 2.0 | | | | 39.2 | | | | 2.1 | | | | 130.7 | |
Total regional destinations | | | 3.9 | | | | 27.6 | | | | 533.0 | | | | 27.9 | | | | 133.3 | |
Border cities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ciudad Juarez International Airport | | | 0.9 | | | | 6.4 | | | | 109.6 | | | | 5.7 | | | | 121.8 | |
Reynosa International Airport | | | 0.2 | | | | 1.3 | | | | 30.4 | | | | 1.6 | | | | 152.0 | |
Total border city destinations | | | 1.1 | | | | 7.7 | | | | 140.1 | | | | 7.3 | | | | 127.3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL:(2) | | | 14.2 | | | | 100.0 | % | | | 1,908.8 | | | | 100.0 | % | | | 132.6 | |
| | |
(1) | | Revenues per terminal passenger are calculated by dividing the total revenues for each airport by the number of terminal passengers for each airport. |
|
(2) | | Total does not include eliminations at the consolidated level. |
Competition
The Acapulco, Mazatlan and Zihuatanejo International Airports are substantially dependent on tourists. These airports face competition from competing tourist destinations. We believe that the main competitors to these airports are those airports serving other vacation destinations in Mexico, such as Los Cabos, Cancun and Puerto Vallarta, and abroad, such as Puerto Rico, Florida, Cuba, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, other Caribbean islands and Central America.
Excluding our airports servicing tourist destinations, our airports and other concessions currently do not face significant competition.
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In the future, we may face competition from the Aeropuerto del Norte, an airport near Monterrey operated by a third party pursuant to a concession. Historically, Aeropuerto del Norte has been used solely for general aviation operations. In addition, the Mexican government could grant new concessions to operate existing government managed airports, roads and municipal services which could compete directly with our projects. See “Item 3. Key Information — Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Airport Operations — The Mexican government could grant new or expanded concessions that compete with our airports and could have an adverse effect on our revenues.”
Other Concessions Division
The Other Concessions Division includes highway, bridge and tunnel concessions, as well as water distribution and water treatment concessions.
Highway, Bridge and Tunnel Concessions
To promote the development of Mexico’s infrastructure without burdening the public sector’s resources and to stimulate private-sector investment in the Mexican economy, the Mexican government actively pursues a policy of granting concessions to private parties for the construction, maintenance and operation of highways, bridges and tunnels. A highway concession is a license of specified duration, granted by a federal, state or municipal government to finance, build, establish, operate and maintain a public means of communication or transportation. Mexican state and municipal governments and the governments of certain foreign countries award concessions for the construction, maintenance and operation of infrastructure facilities.
Our return on any investment in a highway, bridge or tunnel concession is based on the duration of the concession, in addition to the amount of toll revenues collected, operation and maintenance costs, debt service costs and other factors. Traffic volumes, and thus toll revenues, are affected by a number of factors including toll rates, the quality and proximity of alternative free roads, fuel prices, taxation, environmental regulations, consumer purchasing power and general economic conditions. The level of traffic on a given highway also is influenced heavily by its integration into other road networks.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the highway, bridge and tunnel concessions in which we currently participate, either through subsidiaries or affiliates:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Concessionaire’s
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | % of
| | | Net Investment
| | | % Total
| |
| | | | | | | | Concession
| | | % Ownership
| | | Construction
| | | in Concession
| | | Investment
| |
| | | | | Date of
| | | Term
| | | of
| | | Performed
| | | (Millions of
| | | Provided by
| |
Concession | | Kilometers | | | Concession | | | (Years) | | | Concessionaire(1) | | | by ICA | | | Mexican pesos)(2) | | | ICA(3) | |
|
San Martin-Tlaxcala-El Molinito highway | | | 25.5 | | | | 1991 | | | | 25.5 | | | | 20 | | | | 10 | | | Ps. | 32 | | | | 8 | |
Acapulco tunnel | | | 2.9 | | | | 1994 | | | | 40 | | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | 662 | | | | 100 | |
Corredor Sur highway (Panama) | | | 19.5 | | | | 1995 | | | | 30 | | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | 2,194 | | | | 100 | |
Irapuato — La Piedad highway | | | 74.32 | | | | 2005 | | | | 20 | | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | 701 | | | | 100 | |
Queretaro — Irapuato highway | | | 92.98 | | | | 2006 | | | | 20 | | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | 354 | | | | 100 | |
Nuevo Necaxa— Tihuatlan Highway | | | 85 | | | | 2007 | | | | 30 | | | | 50 | | | | 50 | | | | 6 | | | | 50 | |
Rio Verde — Ciudad Valles Highway | | | 113.2 | | | | 2007 | | | | 20 | | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | | 24 | | | | 100 | |
RCO first package of tollroads | | | 558 | | | | 2007 | | | | 30 | | | | 20 | | | | 100 | | | | 3,112 | | | | 7 | |
The Kantunil — Cancun Highway(4) | | | 241.5 | | | | 1990 | | | | 20 | | | | 100 | | | | — | | | Ps. | 1,391 | | | | 100 | |
| | |
(1) | | Does not take into account the Mexican federal or local governments’ “sub-equity” contributions. |
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| | |
(2) | | Represents each concessionaire’s investment in the applicable concession, net of depreciation and revaluation of assets, except for San Martin Tlaxcala-El Molinito highway and RCO, in which it represents net investment in equity. For a description of the revaluation of assets, see notes 3 and 11 to our financial statements. |
|
(3) | | Represents the percentage of the total gross investment in each concession (including the government’s sub-equity contributions) provided by us whether in the form of equity, debt or in-kind contributions. Net investment does not reflect certain development costs, expenses associated with our negotiations with the Panamanian Ministry of Public Works and certain other costs. See “— Corredor Sur.” |
|
(4) | | Values as of March 31, 2008. |
San Martin-Tlaxcala-El Molinito. The San Martin-Tlaxcala-El Molinito concessioned highway began operating in September 1991. During 2006, the concessionaire’s revenues were sufficient to cover its operating expenses as well as financing costs on its indebtedness.
Acapulco Tunnel. In 1994, the state of Guerrero granted us a25-year concession for the construction, operation and maintenance of a 2.9 km tunnel connecting Acapulco and Las Cruces, which we completed in 1996. On November 15, 2002, the term of the concession was extended fifteen years, bringing the total length of the concession to 40 years.
On June 30, 2005, a trust organized by our subsidiary Tuneles Concesionados de Acapulco, S.A. de C.V., or TUCA, issued and sold Ps.800 million (nominal value) in notes (Certificados Bursatiles) due 2022, which are listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. These notes accrue interest at TIIE plus 2.95%. The notes are recourse solely to the trust, which has been assigned the Acapulco Tunnel’s tolls and toll collection rights. After repaying all outstanding debt of TUCA, Ps.66 million (nominal value) to Banco Nacional de Obras y Servicios Publicos, S.N.C. and Ps.206 million (nominal value) of TUCA’s ordinary participation certificates, we received approximately Ps.460 million (nominal value) from the sale of these notes, which was used for general corporate purposes.
Corredor Sur. In 1995, the Panamanian Ministry of Public Works awarded ICA Panama, S.A., our wholly-owned subsidiary, a30-year concession for the construction, operation and maintenance of the Corredor Sur highway, afour-lane, 19.8 kilometer highway. The first segment of the highway opened in August 1999 and the final segment opened in February 2000.
On May 17, 2005, a trust organized by our subsidiary ICA Panama issued U.S.$150 million of 6.95% notes due 2025. Payments of principal and interest on the notes will be made from the Corredor Sur highway’s operations. The notes are recourse solely to the trust, which has been assigned the right to payment from the tolls. The net proceeds from the placement of the notes (approximately U.S.$134.9 million) were principally used to repay 100% of the project’s outstanding indebtedness (including a payment of U.S.$51.2 million in respect of outstanding indebtedness to the International Finance Corporation, or IFC) and to fund certain reserve accounts as required under the terms of the concession’s financing. The balance of the proceeds from the placement of the notes was used to repay a portion of our indebtedness and for other corporate purposes.
See “Item 8. Financial Information — Legal and Administrative Proceedings — Legal Proceedings — Corredor Sur.”
The Irapuato-La Piedad Highway. In September 2005, the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded us a20-year concession for the modernization, operation, conservation and maintenance of the Irapuato-La Piedad Highway. The 74.3 kilometer Irapuato — La Piedad highway will be a toll-free road under the PPP. Recovery of our investment will be accomplished through a two-part integrated quarterly payment made by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation. We will be paid (1) a fixed payment for highway availability and (2) a shadow tariff based on traffic volume. The improvements to the highway are scheduled to be completed in September 2008. We will report income as the segments are modernized and expanded and become available for use.
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The Queretaro-Irapuato Highway. In June 2006, the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded us a20-year concession for the modernization, operation, conservation and maintenance of the Queretaro-Irapuato Highway. The 108 kilometer Queretaro-Irapuato highway, of which 93 kilometers is under our concession, will be a toll-free road under the PPP. Recovery of our investment will be accomplished through a two-part integrated quarterly payment made by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation. We will be paid (1) a fixed payment for highway availability and (2) a shadow tariff based on traffic volume. The improvements to the highway are scheduled to be completed in October 2009. We will report income as the segments are modernized and expanded and become available for use.
Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlan Highway. In June 2007, the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded us a30-year concession for the construction, operation, maintenance and preservation of the Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlan highway. The 85 km highway is located in the states of Puebla and Veracruz. The30-year concession, with a total investment of approximately US$631 million, includes: (i) construction, operation, maintenance, and preservation of the 36.6 km Nuevo Necaxa — Avila Camacho segment; (ii) exploitation, operation, maintenance, and preservation of the 48.1 km Avila Camacho — Tihuatlan segment; and (iii) a long-term service contract to sustain the capacity of the highway for the Nuevo Necaxa — Avila Camacho segment, in accordance with the exclusive rights provided by the concession. This is the final tranche to complete the highway that will connect Mexico City with the port of Tuxpan in Veracruz.
The Rio Verde-Ciudad Valles Highway. In July, 2007 the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded the20-year concession for a 113.2 km highway between Rio Verde and Ciudad Valles in the state of San Luis Potosi to a consortium made up of our subsidiaries. The estimated total investment will be approximately US$286 million. The scope of the concession includes: (i) the operation, conservation, maintenance, modernization, and widening of a tranche from Rio Verde — Rayon, 36.6 km; (ii) the construction, operation, exploitation, conservation, and maintenance of a tranche from Rayon — La Pitahaya, 68.6 km; and (iii) the operation, conservation, maintenance, modernization, and widening of a tranche from La Pitahaya — Ciudad Valles, 8.0 km. This concession includes the exclusive right for the long-term service contract with the Federal Government, acting through the Ministry of Communications and Transportation.
The First FARAC Package of Highways (RCO). On October 3, 2007 our affiliate RCO paid the Mexican government Ps.44,051 million for the concession to operate the first of four packages of FARAC tollroads, which was awarded on August 6, 2007. RCO assumed responsibility for construction, operation, conservation, and maintenance of four tollroads through 2037. The Maravatio — Zapotlanejo, Guadalajara — Zapotlanejo, Zapotlanejo — Lagos de Moreno, and Leon — Lagos — Aguascalientes tollroads have a total length of 558 km in the states of Michoacan, Jalisco, Guanajuato, and Aguascalientes. The concession agreement also calls for the consortium to make investments of up to Ps.1.5 billion to expand the toll roads through 2010. We own 20% of RCO and GSIP owns the remaining 80%. RCO’s payment to the Mexican government was financed by long-term bank loans incurred by RCO and capital contributed by RCO’s owners. We record our investment in the consortium as a long-term investment in unconsolidated affiliates. The debt is not consolidated and income is recorded in the line item “share of income in unconsolidated affiliates”.
We are entitled to appoint two voting members of RCO’s six-voting member board and GSIP is entitled to appoint the other four voting members. Most decisions by RCO’s board are taken by majority vote, although certain decisions, including hiring key management and entering into agreements with the shareholders, may only be taken after approval by the majority plus one of the voting members and certain other decisions, including calls for additional investments and entering into, modifying or terminating any arrangement in excess of $20 million, may only be taken after approval by 90% of the voting members.
The Kantunil-Cancun Highway (Mayab Consortium). On March 12, 2008, we acquired all the equity of the Mayab Consortium, which holds the concession for the Kantunil — Cancun tollroad. We paid Ps.870 million to the selling shareholders. The Mayab Consortium holds the concession to construct, exploit, and maintain the 241.5 km highway that connects the cities of Kantunil and Cancun in the states of Yucatan and Quintana Roo through December 2020. We expect to consolidate the investment in our financial statements, including debt totaling Ps.2,133 million. The long-term securities debt matures in 2019 and 2020, and is expected to be repaid from toll revenues generated by the concession.
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Water Distribution and Water Treatment Concessions
Ciudad Acuña Water Treatment Plant. We commenced construction of the Acuña water treatment plant in November 1998. The plant started commercial operations in October 2000, and we received our first payment in February 2001. The Acuña water treatment plant’s equipment has been upgraded, allowing the plant to operate more efficiently, lowering costs, and increasing its processing capacity to 500 liters per second (lps). During 2007, the concessionaire’s revenues were sufficient to cover its operating expenses as well as financing costs on its indebtedness.
We are currently negotiating with the concession grantor to change the tariff scheme for the Acuña water treatment plant. Currently, we receive approximately Ps.6.85 per cubic meter of water we treat at the plant, and we treat approximately 340 lps. We are negotiating with the concession grantor to create a two-tier tariff system to be applied to water treated up to 250 lps (per the contract) and additional water treated up to 400 lps, anticipating a growth in the demand for treated lps.
Acueducto II Water Supply. In May 2007 a consortium we lead was granted a20-year concession by the State Water Commission of Queretaro for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the Aqueduct II water supply and purification system in Queretaro state. The Aqueduct II is expected to bring water 108km from Moctezuma River to the city of Queretaro. The required investment of Ps.2,854 million is expected to be financed with resources provided by Banco Nacional de Obras y Servicios Publicos, S.N.C., Infrastructure Investment Fund, or FINFRA, equity capital from the consortium, and commercial bank debt. The project will be constructed over a term of 26 months. The concessionaire Suministro de Agua de Queretaro, S.A. de C.V., or SAQSA, is made up of the following shareholders: ICA, as consortium leader, 37%; Servicios de Agua Trident, S.A. de .C.V., a subsidiary of Mitsui Corp, 26%; Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, or FCC, 26%; and PMA Mexico, 11%. Including our interest in PMA Mexico, which is our affiliate, our direct and indirect economic interest in SAQSA is 42.39%.
Housing Development
Beginning January 1, 2005, our real estate operations are reported as part of the Corporate and Other segment and our housing operations are reported as the Housing Development segment.
Our Housing Development segment participates in all stages of the housing industry, including acquiring the land and the permits and licenses required to build on it, performing and procuring architectural and engineering design, facilitating buyer financing and constructing and marketing homes. We subcontract some of the construction services, such as urbanization.
The Housing Development segment competes primarily with large Mexican housing developers such as Corporacion GEO, S.A.B. de C.V., Urbi Desarrollos Urbanos, S.A.B. de C.V., Desarroladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., Consorcio Ara S.A.B. de C.V., and Sare Holding, S.A.B. de C.V.
The principal raw materials we require for our Housing Development operations are cement, construction steel, construction aggregates, doors, windows and other housing fixtures.
In 2007, we participated in several new housing development projects, including: Las Torres in Leon, Valle del Marques in Ciudad Juarez, Paseos del Pedregal in Queretaro, Habitat Piedras Blancas in Tijuana, Santa Monica in Aguascalientes, Paseo de las Palmas in Cancun, Bosques in the state of Mexico, and Reforma 27 in Mexico City. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, we sold 7,786, 5,909 and 4,408 houses, respectively. As of December 31, 2007, our Housing Development segment owned 1,574 hectares of land reserved for the construction of 77,564 housing units, had agreements with partners to develop 288 hectares of land for the construction of 8,026 housing units and had negotiated the acquisition of 493 hectares of land for the construction of 29,480 units.
New housing construction in Mexico has increased steadily in recent years due to several governmental initiatives, which have improved the conditions for both developers and prospective buyers of housing. In addition, the incorporation of the Mexican Federal Mortgage Corporation (Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal) has made it easier for people to finance purchases and construction of homes in Mexico. From 2000 to 2007, the
41
number of mortgage credits granted under these initiatives increased from 332,000 housing units in 2000 to approximately 550,000 housing units in 2007. Accordingly, through ViveICA, our housing subsidiary, we intend to acquire additional land for the construction of approximately 30,000 housing units over the next several years as a part of our strategy to expand our housing operations and to establish a greater presence in the Mexican home-building sector. We also plan to increase our share in the residential housing market. In addition, we may, from time to time, explore the possibility of acquiring other housing construction businesses as opportunities present themselves.
Corporate and Other
As of January 1, 2005, our real estate operations are included in our Corporate and Other segment. The results of operations in our Corporate and Other segment in 2007, 2006 and 2005 mainly reflect the sale of real estate in Queretaro, Cancun and Los Mochis.
Geographical Distribution of Revenues
Revenues from foreign operations accounted for approximately 17% of our revenues in 2007, as compared to 11% and 14% in 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The following table sets forth our revenues by geographic area for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | | | | (Millions of
| | | | | | (Millions of
| | | | |
| | Mexican
| | | (Percent of
| | | Mexican
| | | (Percent of
| | | Mexican
| | | (Percent of
| |
| | pesos) | | | Total) | | | pesos) | | | Total) | | | pesos) | | | Total) | |
|
Mexico | | Ps. | 18,902 | | | | 84 | % | | Ps. | 20,446 | | | | 90 | % | | Ps. | 17,340 | | | | 87 | % |
Spain | | | 1,894 | | | | 8 | | | | 1,625 | | | | 7 | | | | 2,539 | | | | 13 | |
United States | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Other Latin American countries | | | 1,942 | | | | 9 | | | | 797 | | | | 4 | | | | 305 | | | | 2 | |
Inter-segment eliminations | | | (249 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (154 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (180 | ) | | | (1 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 22,489 | | | | 100 | % | | Ps. | 22,714 | | | | 100 | % | | Ps. | 20,005 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Approximately 4% of our backlog as of December 31, 2007 is related to projects outside Mexico (as compared to 6% as of December 31, 2006) and approximately 47% of our backlog as of December 31, 2007 was denominated in foreign currencies (principally U.S. dollars) (as compared to 53% as of December 31, 2006).
Foreign projects may be more difficult to supervise due to their greater distances from our principal operations. Foreign projects require familiarity with foreign legal requirements and business practices. In contrast to domestic infrastructure projects, foreign projects also typically do not allow us to benefit from our reputation and relationships with Mexican government officials and private- sector individuals. Over the last few years we have decided to concentrate on our Mexican operations and participate in other countries on acase-by-case basis. Although we are active abroad, we have sought to be more selective than in the past when bidding for international projects. To date, our foreign projects have generated mixed results. See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Operating Results.”
Environmental Matters
Our Mexican operations are subject to both Mexican federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. At the federal level, the most important of these environmental laws is the Mexican General Law of Ecological Balance and Environmental Protection, or the Ecological Law(Ley General de Equilibrio Ecologico y Proteccion al Ambiente). Under the Ecological Law, rules have been promulgated concerning water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution and hazardous substances. Additionally,
42
the Mexican federal government has enacted regulations concerning the import, export and handling of hazardous materials and bio-hazardous wastes. The waste and water treatment plants that are operated by one of our equity investees are subject to certain waste regulations, including for bio-hazardous waste. The Mexican federal agency in charge of overseeing compliance with the federal environmental laws is the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources(Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales). The Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources has the authority to enforce Mexican federal environmental laws. As part of its enforcement powers, the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources can bring administrative and criminal proceedings against companies that violate environmental laws, and has the power to close non-complying facilities. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with Mexican federal and state environmental laws. Changes in Mexican federal or state environmental laws could require us to make additional investments to remain in compliance with such environmental laws. Changes in the interpretation or enforcement of Mexican federal or state environmental laws could cause our operations to cease to be in compliance with such laws. Any such event could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Since 1990, Mexican companies have been required to provide the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources with periodic reports regarding their production facilities’ compliance with the Ecological Law and the regulations thereunder. These reports are required to include information with respect to environmental protection controls and the disposal of industrial waste. We have provided the information required by these reports to the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources. There are currently no material legal or administrative proceedings pending against us with respect to any environmental matter in Mexico, and we do not believe that continued compliance with the Ecological Law or Mexican state environmental laws will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, or will result in material capital expenditures or materially adversely affect our competitive position. However, financing institutions providing credit for projects on a case- by-case basis now and in the future could require us to comply with international environmental regulations that may be more restrictive than Mexican environmental regulations.
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The following table sets forth our significant subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007, including the principal activity, domicile, ownership interest and percentage of voting power held by us:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Ownership
| | | Voting
| |
| | Principal
| | | | Interest
| | | Power Held
| |
Subsidiary | | Activity | | Domicile | | (%) | | | (%) | |
|
Constructoras ICA, S.A. de C.V. | | Construction | | Mexico | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Controladora de Operaciones de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. | | Real estate and concessions | | Mexico | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Promotora e Inversora ADISA, S.A. de C.V. | | Real estate and heavy construction | | Mexico | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Controladora de Empresas de Vivienda, S.A. de C.V. | | Housing development | | Mexico | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
ICATECH Corporation | | International holding company | | United States | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Grupo Rodio Kronsa | | Sub-soil construction | | Spain | | | 50 | | | | 50 | |
Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A. de C.V. | | Heavy and urban construction | | Mexico | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
ICA — Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V. | | Industrial construction | | Mexico | | | 51 | | | | 51 | |
ICA Panama, S.A. | | Highway construction concessionaire | | Panama | | | 100 | | | | 100 | |
Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. | | Consortium for the construction of the El Cajon hydroelectric project | | Mexico | | | 75 | | | | 75 | |
Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A.B. de C.V. | | Airport operations | | Mexico | | | 52 | | | | 56* | |
Constructora de Proyectos Hidroelectricos, S.A. de C.V. / Constructora Hidroelectrica la Yesca, S.A. de C.V. | | Consortia for the construction of the La Yesca hydroelectric project | | Mexico | | | 67 | | | | 67 | |
| | |
* | | Directly and through our interest in SETA. |
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Approximately 87% of our assets and properties, including concessions, are located in Mexico, with the balance in the United States, Europe and other Latin American countries. At December 31, 2007, the net book value of all land (excluding real estate inventories) and buildings, machinery and equipment and concessions was approximately Ps.1,503 million (approximately U.S.$138 million). Beginning in 2002, as part of a strategy to better utilize our capital resources, we sold a substantial portion of the machinery used in our construction projects. We currently lease machinery from vendors.
Our principal executive offices, which we own, are located at Mineria No. 145, 11800, Mexico City, Mexico. Our telephone number is(52-55)5272-9991.
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We believe that all our facilities are adequate for our present needs and suitable for their intended purposes.
| |
Item 4A. | Unresolved Staff Comments |
None.
| |
Item 5. | Operating and Financial Review and Prospects |
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with MFRS, which differ in significant respects from U.S. GAAP. Note 29 to our consolidated financial statements provides a description of the principal differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of consolidated net income (loss) and consolidated stockholders’ equity. UnderBulletin B-10, financial data for all periods in our financial statements and throughout this annual report have been restated in constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007.
U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps.10.9169 per U.S.$1.00, the noon buying rate for Mexican pesos on December 31, 2007, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Our operations are divided into six segments: Civil Construction, Industrial Construction, Rodio Kronsa (formerly CPC-Rodio), Infrastructure, Housing Development, and Corporate and Other. Beginning January 1, 2005, our real estate operations are reported in the Corporate and Other segment and our housing construction operations are reported as the Housing Development segment. As of January 1, 2005, we renamed our Infrastructure Operation segment the Infrastructure segment and created two divisions within the segment: Airports and Other Concessions.
OPERATING RESULTS
General
Overview
We are a Mexican company principally engaged in construction and construction-related activities. As a result, our results of operations are substantially affected by developments in Mexico and Mexican public spending on large infrastructure projects. Our results of operations also vary from period to period based on the mix of projects under construction, and the contract terms relating to those projects.
Our results of operations for 2007 principally reflected a 7% reduction in Construction segment revenues that was offset only almost completely by increased revenues in our other segments. We believe this was principally a result of the relatively high level of construction projects nearing completion in the months leading up to the July 2006 federal election in Mexico, and the post-election slowdown in new contract awards in the second half of 2006. In addition, the contracts we were awarded in 2007 are not yet contributing significantly to revenues. We recorded a net loss of Ps.785 million in 2007 principally as a result of the implementation of a new flat rate business income tax in Mexico and elimination of the asset tax.
After a transition period of several months, the government of President Felipe Calderon, who assumed office in December 2006, began soliciting bids for new projects in mid-2007. In 2007, President Calderon unveiled his National Infrastructure Program, which the government has announced is designed to expand Mexico’s infrastructure, accelerate Mexico’s economic growth and make the Mexican economy more internationally competitive. The National Infrastructure Program contemplates public and private investments totaling Ps.951 billion over the 2007 to 2012 period in highways, railroads, ports, airports, telecommunications, water and sanitation, irrigation, and flood control projects. In addition, the National Infrastructure Plan calls for an additional Ps.1,581 billion in energy sector investments.
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Starting in May 2007, we have seen an increase in the pace of bidding and awarding of public sector contracts in Mexico. We expect that the new projects that have been recently awarded to us will contribute positively to revenues once the contracts and concession agreements have been signed, financing is obtained and the projects enter into the construction phase.
Our business strategy is to grow our construction business as well as to grow and diversify into construction-related activities such as infrastructure and housing development, which we believe offer opportunities for potentially higher growth, higher margins, and reduced volatility of operating results. Our goal is to generate a greater portion of our consolidated revenues from our Infrastructure and Housing Development segments by 2010. In 2007, these two segments represented 22% of our consolidated revenues.
The following table sets forth the revenues of each of our divisions for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. See note 28 to our financial statements.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Percentage
| | | (Millions of
| | | (Percentage
| | | (Millions of
| | | (Percentage
| |
| | Mexican pesos) | | | of Total) | | | Mexican pesos) | | | of Total) | | | Mexican pesos) | | | of Total) | |
|
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Civil | | Ps. | 7,744 | | | | 34 | % | | Ps. | 9,599 | | | | 42 | % | | Ps. | 7,777 | | | | 39 | % |
Industrial | | | 8,036 | | | | 36 | | | | 7,855 | | | | 35 | | | | 8,226 | | | | 41 | |
Rodio Kronsa | | | 1,894 | | | | 8 | | | | 1,625 | | | | 7 | | | | 2,539 | | | | 13 | |
Total | | | 17,674 | | | | 79 | | | | 19,080 | | | | 84 | | | | 18,543 | | | | 93 | |
Infrastructure: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Airports | | | 1,897 | | | | 8 | | | | 1,695 | | | | 7 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Other Concessions | | | 837 | | | | 4 | | | | 412 | | | | 2 | | | | 366 | | | | 2 | |
Total | | | 2,735 | | | | 12 | | | | 2,107 | | | | 9 | | | | 366 | | | | 2 | |
Housing Development | | | 2,169 | | | | 10 | | | | 1,593 | | | | 7 | | | | 1,185 | | | | 6 | |
Corporate and Other | | | 159 | | | | 0 | | | | 87 | | | | 0 | | | | 91 | | | | 0 | |
Eliminations | | | (248 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (154 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (179 | ) | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 22,489 | | | | 100 | % | | Ps. | 22,714 | | | | 100 | % | | Ps. | 20,005 | | | | 100 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The 1% decrease in total revenues in 2007 as compared to 2006 was primarily attributable to the combined effect of significant increases in revenues from the Infrastructure and Housing Development segments and a smaller increase in the Industrial Construction revenues, which were more than offset by a decline in Civil Construction. The decline in Civil Construction was primarily attributable to the completion of projects during 2006, the last year of the previous government, while new projects awarded by the current government are not yet significantly contributing to revenues as in the case of the La Yesca hydroelectric project.
The 14% increase in total revenues in 2006 as compared to 2005 was primarily attributable to the combined effect of the consolidation of GACN, including its results of operations, beginning January 1, 2006, an increase in sales in the Housing Development segment and an increase in the Civil Construction division, which was offset in part by the change to proportional (50%) consolidation of Rodio Kronsa.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 26% from 2006 to 2007, and increased 9% from 2005 to 2006. The increase in 2007 was primarily due to increased overhead attributable to the increased volume of sales in the Housing Development and Infrastructure segments, which are developing new projects that require increased personnel and services. The increase in 2006 was primarily due to increased overhead attributable to the increased volume of sales in the Civil Construction and Housing Development segments.
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Operating Income
The following table sets forth operating income or loss of each of our divisions for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Operating Income (Loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Civil | | Ps. | 156 | | | Ps. | 417 | | | Ps. | 591 | |
Industrial | | | 307 | | | | 297 | | | | 433 | |
Rodio Kronsa | | | 61 | | | | 78 | | | | 69 | |
Total | | | 524 | | | | 793 | | | | 1,092 | |
Infrastructure: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Airports | | | 759 | | | | 666 | | | | 0 | |
Other Concessions | | | 81 | | | | 91 | | | | 27 | |
Total | | | 840 | | | | 757 | | | | 27 | |
Housing Development | | | 224 | | | | 164 | | | | 100 | |
Corporate and Other | | | (23 | ) | | | (26 | ) | | | (67 | ) |
Eliminations | | | (15 | ) | | | 16 | | | | (31 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 1,550 | | | Ps. | 1,704 | | | Ps. | 1,122 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating margin | | | 6.9 | % | | | 7.5 | % | | | 5.6 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
During 2006 and 2005, Ps.512 million and Ps.408 million , respectively, of cost of sales in the Civil Construction division consisted of financing costs related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project.
Construction
Civil Construction
The following table sets forth the revenues and operating income of the Civil Construction division for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 7,744 | | | Ps. | 9,599 | | | Ps. | 7,777 | |
Operating income | | | 156 | | | | 417 | | | | 591 | |
Operating margin | | | 2.0 | % | | | 4.3 | % | | | 7.6 | % |
Revenues. The 19% decrease in the Civil Construction division’s revenues from 2006 to 2007 was principally due to the reduced volume of work in the 2007 period. The projects that contributed the most to revenues in 2007 were the El Cajon hydroelectric project (Ps.497 million), the construction of a new terminal in the Mexico City International Airport (Ps.1,380 million) and the construction of the Cachamay Stadium in Venezuela (Ps.1,257 million).
In 2006, the Civil Construction division’s revenues increased by 23% from 2005. This increase mainly reflected work performed on the construction of a new terminal in the Mexico City International Airport (Ps.3,026 million), the construction of the El Cajon hydroelectric project (Ps.1,687 million) and the construction of the Cachamay Stadium in Venezuela (Ps.459 million).
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Operating Income. Operating income for the Civil Construction division decreased by 63% in 2007 from 2006. This decrease was due to the decline in revenues, lower margins in the mix of projects under construction and higher bid preparation expenses in the 2007 period.
In 2006, the operating income for the Civil Construction division decreased by 29% from 2005. This decrease was mainly due to a decrease of the operating margin of the El Cajon hydroelectric project by 1%, from 6% to 5%. See “Item 3. Key Information — Risk Factors — Our use of the percentage-of-completion method of accounting could result in a reduction or reversal of previously recorded revenues or profits.”
Financing costs related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project represented Ps.172 million of the financing cost of the Civil Construction division during 2007, Ps.512 million of this division’s cost of sales during 2006 and Ps.408 million of this division’s cost of sales during 2005.
Industrial Construction
The following table sets forth the revenues and operating income of our Industrial Construction division for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 8,036 | | | Ps. | 7,855 | | | Ps. | 8,226 | |
Operating income | | | 307 | | | | 297 | | | | 433 | |
Operating margin | | | 3.8 | % | | | 3.8 | % | | | 5.3 | % |
Revenues. The Industrial Construction division’s revenues increased by 2% in 2007 from 2006. This increase primarily reflected an increased volume of work performed. The projects that contributed the most to revenues in 2007 were Package II of the Minatitlan refinery (Ps.3,551 million), the Reynosa 5 and Reynosa 6 cryogenic plants for Pemex (Ps.1,450 million) and the Chicontepec oil field project (Ps.695 million).
The Industrial Construction division’s revenues decreased by 5% in 2006 from 2005. This decrease primarily reflected the postponement of certain public sector projects due to the change of government. The projects that contributed most to revenues in the 2006 period were the Package II of the Minatitlan refinery project (Ps.4,121 million), the Altamira V power plant (Ps.546 million) and the Chicontepec oil field project (Ps.506 million).
Operating Income. The Industrial Construction division had a 3% increase in operating income in 2007, compared to 2006. This increase was primarily due to an increase in executed work, which more than offset lower margins in the mix of projects under construction and higher bid preparation expenses in the 2007 period.
The Industrial Construction division had a 31% decrease in operating income in 2006 compared to 2005. This decline was primarily due to a lower level of sales, reduced margins in projects under construction and increased bid preparation expenses.
Rodio Kronsa
The following table sets forth the revenues and operating income of our Rodio Kronsa division for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 1,894 | | | Ps. | 1,625 | | | Ps. | 2,539 | |
Operating income | | | 61 | | | | 78 | | | | 69 | |
Operating margin | | | 3.2 | % | | | 4.8 | % | | | 2.7 | % |
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Revenues. The Rodio Kronsa division’s revenues increased by 17% in 2007 from 2006. This increase was primarily due to a higher volume of work. The decrease in revenues by 36% in 2006 from 2005 was primarily due to the change to proportional (50%) consolidation of Rodio Kronsa beginning in 2006.
Operating Income. The Rodio Kronsa division’s operating income decreased by 22% to Ps.61 million in 2007 from Ps.78 million in 2006. Operating income decreased largely due to the mix of projects, which more than offset the increase in revenues.
The Rodio Kronsa division’s operating income increased by 13% in 2006 from 2005. Operating income increased as a result of better margins in the work executed in 2006 compared to 2005.
This division was formerly known as CPC-Rodio, reflecting the inclusion in the division of our Argentine subsidiary, CPC, S.A. or CPC. In each of 2005, 2006 and 2007, CPC contributed less than 1% of the division’s revenues. Because of this, the division was renamed Rodio Kronsa in 2006 to reflect the limited importance of CPC and the relatively greater importance of Kronsa Internacional S.A. to the division. CPC was sold to a local investor in the first quarter of 2007.
Construction Backlog
The following table sets forth, at the dates indicated, our backlog of construction contracts.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of
| | | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
| | U.S. dollars) | | | | |
|
Construction | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Civil | | U.S.$ | 1,823 | | | Ps. | 19,898 | | | Ps. | 4,180 | | | Ps. | 4,769 | |
Industrial | | | 777 | | | | 8,487 | | | | 5,116 | | | | 9,269 | |
Rodio Kronsa | | | 67 | | | | 729 | | | | 352 | | | | 876 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | U.S.$ | 2,667 | | | Ps. | 29,114 | | | Ps. | 9,648 | | | Ps. | 14,914 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Backlog at December 31, 2007 increased substantially compared to December 31, 2006, primarily due to increased successful promotion of infrastructure projects by the government in 2007. The decrease in 2006 from December 31, 2005 was primarily due to the postponement of certain projects in the public sector due to the change of government.
Three projects represented approximately half of our backlog at December 31, 2007. The La Yesca hydroelectric project accounted for Ps.8,229 million, or 28% of our total backlog as of December 31, 2007. We expect to complete this project in June 2012. In addition, in 2007 we started work on the Chicontepec II project for Pemex. As of December 31, 2007, this project accounted for Ps.4,461 million, or 15%, of our construction backlog. We expect to complete this project in 2011. We also began work in 2007 on the Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlan highway for our Infrastructure segment, which accounted for approximately Ps.2,727 million, or 9% of our backlog as of December 31, 2007. We expect to complete this project during 2011. As of December 31, 2007, approximately 4% of construction backlog was attributable to construction projects outside Mexico and public sector projects represented approximately 59% of our total backlog. Our book and burn index (defined as the ratio of new contracts plus contract additions, to executed works) was 2.12 in 2007.
Our reported backlog in 2007 reflects an increase in construction contracts previously not reported as backlog due to the application of a new accounting policy. Previously, construction projects performed for affiliated concessionaires were not required to be included in reported backlog. Under the new accounting policy, such projects must be recognized in revenues during the construction phase.
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Infrastructure
The following table sets forth the revenues and operating results of our Infrastructure segment for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 2,735 | | | Ps. | 2,107 | | | Ps. | 366 | |
Operating income | | | 840 | | | | 757 | | | | 27 | |
Operating margin | | | 31 | % | | | 36 | % | | | 7 | % |
Revenues. The Infrastructure segment’s revenues increased 30% in 2007 compared to 2006, reflecting increased passenger traffic volume in 2007 in the Airports Division and increased traffic on our concession toll roads and tunnels in the Other Concessions division. The increase in Infrastructure revenues in 2006 from 2005 reflected the full consolidation of GACN beginning January 1, 2006.
The Airports division represents the most significant source of our revenues in the Infrastructure segment. All of our revenues from the Airports division are regulated under the maximum-rate price regulation system applicable to our airports. Our revenues from the Airports division are principally derived from charges for passengers, landings, aircraft parking, the use of passenger walkways and the provision of airport security services. Our Infrastructure revenues other than regulated operations are principally derived from commercial activities such as the leasing of space in our airports to retailers, restaurants, airlines and other commercial tenants. The Airports division represented 69% of the Infrastructure segment’s revenues in 2007.
The Other Concessions division’s revenues are principally derived from the collection of tolls on toll roads, fees for the availability and use of toll-free roads, and fees by volume of treated water delivered to the municipalities. The Other Concessions division represented 31% of the Infrastructure segment’s revenues in 2007.
Operating Income. The Infrastructure segment reported an 11% increase in operating income in 2007 compared to 2006, principally due to the increase in revenues in the Airports division, which more than offset the decrease in operating income in the Other Concessions division due to the combined effects of increased bid preparation expenses and the commencement of new projects, as well as increases in personnel salaries. The Infrastructure segment reported an increase in operating income in 2006 as compared to 2005 principally due to the full consolidation of GACN in 2006.
Housing Development
The following table sets forth the revenues and results of operations of our Housing Development segment for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 2,169 | | | Ps. | 1,593 | | | Ps. | 1,185 | |
Operating income | | | 224 | | | | 164 | | | | 100 | |
Operating margin | | | 10.3 | % | | | 10.3 | % | | | 8.4 | % |
Revenues. Housing Development has been reported as an independent segment as of January 1, 2005. The Housing Development segment’s revenues increased by 36% in 2007 from 2006. We sold 7,786 units in 2007 compared to 5,909 units sold in 2006. The increase in units sold was due principally to internal growth in operations and increased demand. A unit is considered sold when we receive a certificate of occupancy from an independent qualified entity and the client has a committed credit loan from a financial entity that provides mortgages.
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The Housing Development segment’s revenues increased 34% in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily due to improvements in the marketing and commercialization process. In 2006, we sold 5,909 houses, as compared to 4,408 houses sold in 2005.
Operating Income. The Housing Development segment’s operating income increased by 37% from 2006 to 2007 and 64% from 2005 to 2006. The increases in 2007 from 2006 and in 2006 from 2005 were primarily attributable to increases in sales and margin improvement.
Corporate and Other
During the past several years, as part of our non-core asset divestiture program, we have sold substantially all of the operating assets in our Corporate and Other segment. We commenced reporting our real estate operations, which were formerly included in the Real Estate and Housing Development segment in this division as of January 1, 2005.
The following table sets forth the revenues and operating loss of the Corporate and Other segment for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Revenues | | Ps. | 159 | | | Ps. | 87 | | | Ps. | 91 | |
Operating loss | | | (23 | ) | | | (26 | ) | | | (67 | ) |
Revenues. The Corporate and Other segment’s revenues increased 83% in 2007 primarily due to an increase in our divestiture of real estate assets. This segment’s revenues were substantially the same in 2005 and 2006.
Operating Loss. The Corporate and Other segment had a lower operating loss in 2007 compared to 2006 and a lower operating loss in 2006 compared to 2005. The operating losses in each year were mainly due to the losses generated by the sale of real estate at prices below book value.
Financing Cost, Net
The following table sets forth the components of our comprehensive financing results for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Interest expense(1) | | Ps. | 999 | | | Ps. | 733 | | | Ps. | 488 | |
Interest income | | | (526 | ) | | | (525 | ) | | | (420 | ) |
Exchange (gain) loss, net | | | (87 | ) | | | (37 | ) | | | 21 | |
(Gain) loss on monetary position | | | 33 | | | | (1 | ) | | | 16 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financing cost, net | | Ps. | 420 | | | Ps. | 169 | | | Ps. | 105 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Does not include interest expense attributable to the El Cajon hydroelectric project and the drilling platforms for Pemex during 2006 and 2005 for which we obtained bank loans to finance working capital. Interest expense on these projects is reported as a part of cost of sales in Civil and Industrial Construction. During 2006 and 2005, Ps.512 million and Ps.408 million, respectively, of cost of sales in the Civil Construction division consisted of financing costs related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project, respectively. |
The 149% increase in net comprehensive financing costs from 2006 to 2007 was mainly due to higher interest expense in 2007 related to a higher level of debt in pesos unrelated to the El Cajon hydroelectric project. The increase in the net comprehensive financing income (cost) from 2005 to 2006 was mainly due to increased interest expense, which was partially offset by increased interest income. The change in 2006 also
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reflected gains on foreign exchange transactions and from monetary position in 2006, as compared to losses from these items in 2005.
The 36% increase in interest expense in 2007 compared to 2006 was primarily attributable to interest expense of a higher level of debt to finance projects in the Infrastructure and Housing segments. The 50% increase in 2006 from 2005 was primarily attributable to the increase in the debt level due to bank loans we took to finance the Irapuato-La Piedad modernization project and to obtain working capital for projects in the Mexico City International Airport.
Interest income increased less than 1% from 2006 to 2007 primarily because of a stable cash position and increased 25% from 2005 primarily because our full consolidation of GACN, which had a strong cash position, including its results of operations, began January 1, 2006.
The gain or loss on monetary position reflects the effects of inflation, as measured by the NCPI, on our net monetary position. The loss on monetary position in 2007 and the gain on monetary position in 2006 reflected the decreases and increases in our net monetary liability position in those years.
We reported an increased foreign exchange gain in 2007 compared to 2006 and compared to a foreign exchange loss in 2005. The gains and losses on foreign exchange in these periods reflected the relative trading prices of the Mexican peso versus the U.S. dollar.
Our total debt decreased 45% at December 31, 2007, compared to December 31, 2006, as a result of payment of 100% of the debt related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project, which was partially offset by the incurrence of new financings during the year. In 2007, debt thus decreased by Ps.6,341 million, of which Ps.9,053 million was payments related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project. At December 31, 2007, we had no corporate debt (which we define as debt at the parent company level).
At December 31, 2007, 34% of our total debt was denominated in currencies other than Mexican pesos, principally U.S. dollars or, in the case of debt related to projects of Rodio, euros. We may in the future incur additional non-peso denominated indebtedness. Declines in the value of the Mexican peso relative to such other currencies will both increase our interest costs and result in foreign exchange losses. In other cases an increase in the value of the Mexican peso relative to such other currencies will have the opposite effect.
Other Income and Expenses, Net
In 2007, our net other income was Ps.23 million, compared with net other expense of Ps.88 million in 2006. The increase in 2007 was principally due to the reversal of an uncollectible account (Ps.68 million) related to the sale of shares of an affiliate (Torre Mayor).
In 2006, our net other expense was Ps.88 million, compared with net other income of Ps.58 million in 2005. The decline in 2006 was principally due to net gains in 2005 related to the sale of our 40% equity in PMA Mexico (formerly known as CIMA) and the sale of certain litigation rights.
Income Tax
A flat rate business tax law was enacted in Mexico on October 1, 2007 and went into effect on January 1, 2008. The flat rate business tax applies to the sale of goods, the provision of independent services and the granting of use or enjoyment of goods, according to the terms of the law, less certain authorized deductions. Payable flat rate business tax is calculated by subtracting certain tax credits from the tax determined. Revenues, as well as deductions and certain tax credits, are determined based on cash flows generated beginning January 1, 2008. The law establishes that the flat rate business tax rate will be 16.5% in 2008, 17% in 2009, and 17.5% as of 2010. As opposed to income tax, a parent and its subsidiaries will incur flat rate business tax on an individual basis. Upon enactment of the flat rate business tax law, the asset tax was eliminated; additionally, under certain circumstances, asset tax paid in the ten years prior to a year in which income tax is paid may be refunded.
In accordance with MFRS, we reviewed and evaluated our tax-related asset and liability balances as of December 31, 2007 for purposes of determining the effect of the tax law changes in Mexico. We recognized
52
the estimated effect that the tax law changes will have on our future financial statements over the next 50 years taking into consideration the longest concession term that we had as of December 31, 2007. As a result, we took non-cash provisions to adjust our deferred taxes totaling a net Ps.1,536 million. The tax charges are primarily related to GACN.
In 2007, we recorded a net tax provision of Ps.1,949 million equivalent to an effective rate of 168% due mainly to the adoption of the new flat rate tax. The provision for taxes increased from Ps.398 million in 2006 principally as a result of the implementation of a new flat rate business income tax in Mexico and elimination of the asset tax. The provision is comprised of (1) a current income tax expense of Ps.208 million, including Ps.187 million related to airport concessions, (2) a deferred income tax benefit of Ps.453 million due to the reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, (3) a deferred flat rate business tax expense of Ps.1,536 million and (4) an additional deferred income tax expense of Ps.658 million reflecting an increase in the valuation allowance, which resulted from our estimation that we may be unable to benefit from tax carryforwards and asset tax credit available to us over the period granted by Mexican law for the recovery of such tax carryforwards.
In 2006, we recorded a net tax provision of Ps.398 million, which reflected a current income tax expense of Ps.240 million, a deferred income tax expense of Ps.484 million and a benefit of Ps.327 million reflecting a decrease in the valuation allowance, which resulted from our estimation that we may be able to benefit from certain tax loss carryforwards and asset tax credits available to us in the period granted by Mexican law for the recovery of such tax carryforwards.
The statutory tax rate in Mexico has been reduced from 30% for 2005 to 29% for 2006 and 28% for 2007. Generally, the differences between effective tax rates and statutory tax rates are due to differences between taxable and financial accounting income or loss, including, to an important extent, those relating to the recognition of profit or loss on construction contracts that tend to fluctuate significantly from year to year.
As of December 31, 2007, we had Ps.2,808 million in consolidated net loss carryforwards and Ps.2,101 million in consolidated asset tax credits available. See note 20 to our consolidated financial statements.
Share in Net Gain of Unconsolidated Affiliated Companies
We reported net income from our equity interest in unconsolidated affiliates of Ps.11 million in 2007, compared to Ps.22 million in 2006 and Ps.106 million in 2005. The decrease in 2007 was primarily due to the effect of net losses in the concessionaire startups. The decrease in 2006 as compared to 2005 was primarily due to the absence of income from GACN which now is a consolidated subsidiary and the decrease in income from Dravica, due to the completion of the Caruachi Hydroelectric project in 2006.
Net Income
We reported net loss before minority interest of Ps.785 million in 2007, compared to net income before minority interest of Ps.1,072 million in 2006 and net income before minority interest of Ps.806 million in 2005. The loss in 2007 was primarily attributable to provisions related to the implementation of the flat rate business tax and the elimination of the asset tax by the Mexican government. In 2006, the improvement was primarily attributable to our increased work volume and an improvement in our gross margin. In 2005, the improvement was primarily attributable to our increased work volume and a decrease in our selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of our net revenues, which were partially offset by an increase in comprehensive financing cost of Ps.137 million.
Net income of minority interest was Ps.90 million in 2007 as compared to Ps.355 million in 2006, which primarily reflected the impact of provisions related to the implementation of the flat rate business tax and the elimination of the asset tax by the Mexican government. Net income of minority interest was Ps.355 million in 2006 as compared to Ps.270 million in 2005, which primarily reflected gains in construction activities.
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U.S. GAAP Reconciliation
The principal differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP that affect our net income and majority stockholders’ equity relate to the accounting treatment of the following items:
| | |
| • | Minority interest; |
|
| • | Concession arrangements (IFRIC 12) |
|
| • | Foreign currency translation(Bulletin B-15); |
|
| • | Revenue recognition for low-income housing sales; |
|
| • | Capitalization of financing costs; |
|
| • | Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets; |
|
| • | Compensation cost on stock option plan; |
|
| • | Severance payments; and |
|
| • | Deferred income tax and deferred statutory employee profit sharing. |
Pursuant to MFRS, our consolidated financial statements also recognize certain effects of inflation in accordance withBulletin B-10 andBulletin B-12, except for the restatement of foreign-sourced fixed assets from January 1, 1998. These effects have not been reversed in our reconciliation with U.S. GAAP. For a more detailed description of the differences between MFRS and U.S. GAAP as they affect our net consolidated income and consolidated stockholders’ equity, see note 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates:
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with MFRS. MFRS includes NIFA-8,Supplementary Standards to Financial Reporting Standards, which requires that we apply other comprehensive bodies of accounting principles in cases where MFRS is silent on an issue, first applying International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, issued by the International Accounting Standard Board, or IASB, and subsequently any other standard or principle that is considered adequate, so long as it comes from a formal, recognized body of accounting principles which do not contravene the concepts of MFRS, such as U.S. GAAP.
MFRS requires us to make estimates that affect the amounts recorded for assets, liabilities, income and expenses in our financial statements. MFRS also requires us to make such estimates based on available information and on the best knowledge and judgment of management according to the experience and current facts. Nevertheless, the actual results could differ from these estimates. We have implemented control procedures to ensure that our accounting policies are timely and adequately applied. The accounting policies that involve the use of estimates that substantially affect our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, are as follows:
Accounting for Construction Contracts
As part of the planning process of a construction contract before commencing any project, we review the principal obligations and conditions of the specific contract for the purpose of (i) reasonably estimating the projected revenue, (ii) reasonably estimating the costs to be incurred in the project, (iii) reasonably estimating the gross profit of the project, and (iv) identifying the rights and obligations of the parties. Based on that analysis, and in conjunction with the legal and economic right to receive payment for the work performed as established in each contract, we utilize the percentage-of-completion method established inBulletin D-7,Construction Contracts and the Manufacture of Capital Assets,to recognize revenues on our construction contracts.
The decision of whether or not to participate in a project is made collectively with representatives of the technical, legal, financial and administrative areas, which considers the analysis of the customer’s economic
54
solvency and good standing, the legal framework, the availability of resources, the technological complexity and construction procedures, the obligations and rights assumed, the economic, financial and geological risks, and the possibility of mitigation of risks, as well as the analysis of each contract. Our policy is to avoid contracts with material risks, unless such risks may be mitigated or transferred to the customers, suppliersand/or subcontractors.
In contracts involving performance guarantees related to the equipment on which the performance of the project depends, the decision to participate will depend on, among other factors, our ability to transfer the risks and penalties related to these guarantees to the suppliersand/or subcontractors.
In contracts involving guarantees related to timely delivery, we generally plan the project to take into consideration the risk of delay and allow sufficient time for the timely completion of the project in spite of unavoidable delays.
Projects are executed in accordance with a work program determined prior to commencement of the project, which is periodically updated. The work plan includes the description of the construction procedures, the critical execution route, the allocation and timeliness of the resources required and the project’s cash flow forecast.
The construction contracts in which we participate are typically governed by the civil law of various jurisdictions which recognizes a contractor’s right to receive payment for work performed. Under this body of law, the buyer is the legal owner of the works in execution while they are in-process, and the contractor is entitled to payment for work performed, even though payment may not occur until the completion of the contract. The typical terms of our contracts also provide for our entitlement to receipt of payment for work performed.
The construction contracts into which we enter are generally either (i) unit price or (ii) fixed price (either lump sum or not-to-exceed). The evaluation of the risks related to inflation, exchange rates and price increases for each type of contract depends on if the contract is a public works contract or is with the private sector.
In unit price contracts in the private sector, the customer generally assumes the risks of inflation, exchange-rate and price increases for the materials used in the contracts. Under a unit price contract, once the contract is signed the parties agree upon the price for each unit of work. However, unit price contracts normally include escalation clauses whereby we retain the right to increase the unit price of such inputs as a result of inflation, exchange-rate variations or price increases for the materials, if any of these risks increases beyond a percentage specified in the contract.
For unit price contracts related to public works, in addition to escalation clauses, in Mexico the Public Works and Services Law establishes mechanisms to adjust the value of such public unit-price contracts for cost increases. The Public Works and Services Law provides the following mechanisms for the adjustment of unit prices in unit-price contracts: (i) a review of individual unit prices for which adjustment may be possible; (ii) review of unit prices by group where the estimated amount of work remaining to be performed represents at least 80% of the total amount of remaining work under the contract; and (iii) for those projects in which the relationship between the input and the total contract cost is established, an adjustment to reflect the increased cost may be made based on such proportion. The application of these mechanisms is required to be specified in the relevant contract.
In lump sum contracts, not-to-exceed contracts or contracts where there are no escalation clauses in which we undertake to provide materials or services at fixed unit prices required for a project in the private sector, we generally absorb the risk related to inflation, exchange-rate fluctuations or price increases for materials. However, we seek to mitigate these risks as follows: (i) when the bid tender is prepared, such risks are included in determining the costs of the project based on the application of certain economic variables which are provided by recognized economic analysis firms; (ii) contractual arrangements are made with the principal suppliers, among which advance payments are made to ensure that the cost of the materials remains the same during the contract term; and (iii) the exchange-rate risk is mitigated by contracting suppliers and subcontractors in the same currency as that in which the contract is executed with the customer.
55
For those risks that cannot be mitigated or which surpass acceptable levels, we carry out a quantitative analysis in which we determine the probability of occurrence of the risk, measure the potential financial impact, and adjust the fixed price of the contract to an appropriate level, taking these risks into consideration.
For fixed price contracts in the public sector, in addition to that above, the Public Works and Services Law protects the contractors when adverse economic conditions arise that could not have been anticipated at the time of awarding the contract and thus were not considered in the initial contract bid. The Public Works and Services Law allows the Controller’s Office(Secretaria de la Funcion Publica) to issue guidelines through which public works contractors may recognize increases in their initial contract prices as a result of adverse economic changes.
Our construction contracts are recorded using the percentage-of-completion method established in MFRS, which is similar to that established in U.S. GAAP through Accounting Research Bulletin, or ARB, 45, “Long-Term Construction-Type Contracts” and Statement of PositionNo. 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts”. The percentage-of-completion method allows the timely recognition of the performance of the project and appropriately presents the legal and economic substance of the contracts. According to this method, revenue is recognized in periodic form according to the execution progress of the construction, as if it were a continuous sale.
In order to be able to apply percentage-of-completion, the following requirements must be met: (i) the contract must clearly specify the legal rights related to the goods or services to be provided and to be received by the parties, the consideration to be exchanged and the terms of the agreement; (ii) our legal and economic right to receive the payment for the work performed as the contract is executed must be specified; (iii) the expectation must be that both the contractor and the customer will fulfill their respective contractual obligations; and (iv) based on the construction budget and contract, the total amount of revenue, the total cost to be incurred and the estimated profit can be determined.
Construction contracts are developed taking into account the total expected costs and revenues as the contract progresses. The estimations are based on the terms, conditions and specifications of each specific project, including assumptions made by management of the project in order to ensure that all costs attributable to the project were included.
In order to measure the extent of progress toward completion for the purpose of recognizing revenue, we utilize either the costs incurred method or the units of work method. The base revenue utilized to calculate percentage of profit as work progresses includes the following: (i) the initial amount established in the contract, (ii) additional work orders requested by the customer, (iii) changes in the considered yields, (iv) the value of any adjustments (for inflation, exchange rates or changes in prices, for example) agreed to in the contract, (v) the decrease in the original contract value and agreements in contracts (vi) claims and conventional penalties, and (vii) completion or performance bonuses, as of the date on which any revision takes place and is effectively approved by the customers.
The base cost utilized to calculate the profit percentage under the costs incurred method includes the following: (i) the costs directly related to the specific contract, (ii) indirect costs related to the general contract activity that can be matched to a specific contract; and (iii) any other costs that may be transferred to the customer under the contract terms. The costs directly related to the specific contract include all direct costs such as materials, labor, subcontracting costs, manufacturing and supply costs of equipment,start-up costs and depreciation. Indirect costs identified that are assignable to a contract include indirect labor, payroll of technical and administrative personnel, construction site camps and related expenses, quality control and inspection, internal and external contract supervision, insurance costs, bonds, depreciation and amortization, repairs and maintenance.
Costs which are not included within contract costs are: (i) any general administrative expenses not included under any form of reimbursement in the contract; (ii) selling expenses; (iii) any research and development costs and expenses not considered reimbursable under the contract; and (iv) the depreciation of machinery and equipment not used in the specific contract even though it is available on hand for a specific contract, when the contract does not allow revenue for such item. In addition, work performed in independent
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workshops and construction in-progress are also excluded costs and are recorded as assets when they are received or used under a specific project.
Costs incurred for change orders based on customers’ instructions which are still awaiting definition and price authorization are recognized as assets within the caption “cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings of uncompleted contracts”.
Periodically, we evaluate the reasonableness of the estimates used in the determination of the percentage completion in any given project. Cost estimates are based on assumptions which can differ from the actual cost over the life of the project. Accordingly, estimates are reviewed periodically, taking into account factors such as price increases for materials, the amount of work to be done, inflation, exchange-rate fluctuations, changes in contract specifications due to adverse conditions and provisions created based on the construction contracts over the project duration, including those related to penalties, termination and startup clauses of the project and the rejection of costs by customers, among others. If, as a result of this evaluation, there are modifications to the revenue or cost previously estimated, or if the total estimated cost of the project exceeds expected revenues, an adjustment is made in order to reflect the effect in results of the period in which the adjustment or loss is incurred. The estimated revenues and costs may be affected by future events. Any change in these estimates may affect our results.
We consider that the potential credit risk related to construction contracts is adequately covered because the construction projects in which we participate generally involve customers of recognized solvency. Billings received in advance of execution or certification of work are recognized as advances from customers. In addition we periodically evaluate the reasonableness of our accounts receivable. In cases when an indication of collection difficulty exists, allowances for bad debts are created and charged to results in the same period. The estimate for such reserve is determined based on management’s best judgment in accordance with prevailing circumstances at that time. We are usually subject to a balance aging of between 30 and 60 days for work performed but not previously estimated in unfinished contracts. Under MFRS, our policy is not to recognize a provision for accounts receivable on contracts that require the customer to pay for the work not as it is performed, but only when the project is completed.
For those projects in which financing revenue is included as part of the selling price, the contract costs also include the net comprehensive financing costs incurred with the financing obtained to perform the contract, except where the actual financing cost exceeds the original estimated financing cost. In these instances, such excess is recognized within financing cost. In these types of contracts, the collection of the contract amount from the client may take place at the completion of the project. However, periodic reports of the advance of the project to date are provided to and approved by the client, which serve as the basis so that we can continue to obtain financing for the project.
When a contract includes construction of various facilities, construction of each facility is treated as a separate profit center when: i) separate proposals for each facility have been presented; ii) each facility has been separately negotiated and has independent terms and conditions established in the contract; and iii) the revenue, costs and profit margin of each separate facility can be identified.
A group of contracts, whether with one or several clients, are treated together as one unique center of profit when: i) the group of contracts have been negotiated together as a unique package; ii) the contracts are so intimately related that they are effectively part of a unique project with a global profit; and iii) the contracts are executed simultaneously or in a continuous sequence.
The estimated profit of various profit centers cannot offset one another. We ensure that when several contracts integrate a profit center, its results are properly combined.
Construction backlog takes into account only those contracts in which we have control over such project. We consider ourselves to have control when we have a majority participation in the project and when we are assigned leadership of the project.
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Long-Lived Assets
We value our long-lived assets at their historical cost restated for inflation in accordance withBulletin B-10. We calculate depreciation on our fixed assets, such as property, plant and equipment based on their remaining useful life. We calculate amortization, as in the case of our investment in concessions of highways, tunnels and rights involving the use of airport facilities and concessions over the duration of such concession. We periodically evaluate the impairment of long-lived assets. If the restated values of our long-lived assets exceed their recoverable value, we write-down the asset to its recoverable value. The recoverable value is determined as the greater of the net selling price of a cash-generating unit and its useful value, which is the present value of discounted future net cash flows. The mechanics to calculate the recoverable value are established considering the particular circumstances of the concessions, machinery and equipment and intangible assets.
Our estimates for forecasted revenues related to traffic volume, which we primarily use in connection with vehicle counting in the case of our highway concessions, are based on population growth estimates and on the economic conditions in the area surrounding the concessioned highway. Our calculations also take into account temporary decreases in vehicle use as a result of tariff increases and the impact of our marketing strategies that are aimed at generating higher revenues. Our estimates may be based on assumptions that differ from the actual use.
Recognition of the loss from impairment under U.S. GAAP differs from that established byBulletin C-15Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Their Disposal. Under U.S. GAAP, SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment of Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” requires that in the presence of certain events and circumstances, we review long-lived assets for impairment. An impairment loss under SFAS No. 144 is calculated as the difference between the fair value and the carrying value of the long-lived asset. However, an impairment loss is only recognized when it is determined that the long-lived asset is not recoverable. A long- lived asset is not recoverable when the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset are less that the carrying value of the asset.
Income Tax
A provision or benefit for income tax is recorded in the results of the year in which such tax expense or benefit is incurred. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences derived from comparing the accounting and tax values of assets and liabilities, plus any future benefits resulting from tax losses and unused tax loss carryforwards. The resulting deferred tax provision or benefit is reflected in our statement of operations.
The calculation and recognition of deferred taxes and the related valuation allowance requires the use of estimates, which may be affected by the amount of our future taxable income, the assumptions relied on by our management and our results of operations.
We periodically evaluate the fairness of deferred tax assets or liabilities based on historical tax results and estimated tax profits, among others. The method used to determine deferred taxes is similar to that established in SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” A valuation allowance is recorded for any deferred tax assets that, in the opinion of our management, are not probable of being realized. Any change in our estimates may have an effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We have also reviewed and evaluated our tax-related asset and liability balances as of December 31, 2007 for purposes of determining the effect of the tax law changes for the business flat tax. This involved projections of future taxable income over the period during which existing deferred taxes at December 31, 2007 would reverse.
Derivative financial instruments
To finance our projects, we obtain financing under different conditions. When such financing is at a variable rate, we enter into swaps to reduce our exposure to volatility risks; these swaps convert the interest rate from variable to fixed. Occasionally, we enter into options that establish a maximum limit to the variable
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rate. When we enter into transactions in a currency other than our functional currency, and such transactions pose an additional foreign currency exchange risk, we contract exchange-rate options, enabling us to reduce our exposure to such foreign currency risks.
We value all derivatives at fair value, regardless of the purpose for holding them. We base fair value on market prices for derivatives traded in recognized markets. If no active market exists, fair value is based on other valuation methodologies supported by sufficient and reliable information. Fair value is recognized on the balance sheet as an asset or liability, in accordance with the rights or obligations derived from the contracts executed.
When the transactions comply with all hedging requirements, we designate the derivatives as a hedging financial instrument at the beginning of the relationship. For fair value hedges, the fluctuation in the fair value of both the derivative and the open risk position is recognized in results of the period in which it takes place. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion is temporarily recognized in comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity and is subsequently reclassified to results at the same time that they are affected by the item being hedged. The ineffective portion is recognized immediately in results of the period.
Those derivatives that do not comply with all the requirements established in applicable regulations to be designated as hedging instruments have been designated as trading derivatives for accounting purposes. The fluctuation in fair value on these derivatives is recognized in results of the period.
Other Policies
Accounting for Low Income Housing Sales
We recognize revenues derived from sales of low-income housing at the earlier of (a) the date on which the house is completed and credit is approved by the financing agency and (b) the title of the house has passed to the buyer.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, sales are recognized when all of the following conditions are met: (i) a sale is consummated, (ii) the buyer’s initial and continuing investments are adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property, (iii) the seller’s receivable is not subject to future subordination and (iv) the seller has transferred to the buyer the usual risks and rewards of ownership in a transaction that is in substance a sale and the seller does not have substantial continuing involvement with the property.
The valuation of inventory, the control of the cost of sales and the related profit are recognized through a cost budgeting system. The cost budgeting system is updated periodically when modifications are made to the sales price or cost estimates of construction and development of the home. Variations in the original cost budget that require a decrease in the value of inventory are applied to results in the period in which they are determined. Inventory costs include (i) the cost of land, (ii) rights, licenses, permits and other project costs, (iii) housing development costs, construction and infrastructure costs and (iv) administration and supervision of real estate. The costs related to real estate projects that are directly identified and related to the project are capitalized during development of the project and are applied to cost of sales in the proportion in which revenues are recognized.
The reversal of these sales in the U.S. GAAP reconciliation that affect our net income and majority stockholders’ equity, net of their related cost of sales for 2007 and 2006 are Ps.102,688 and Ps.57,361 respectively. The amounts related to this adjustment in 2005 were not material.
Effect of Application of the Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates on Results:
Set forth below are the results derived from the application of the aforementioned policies and their effects on our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005:
Construction Contracts
Our financial statements as of December 31, 2005 include a provision of Ps.2 million for estimated losses upon project termination related to projects that were expected to be substantially completed during 2006; no
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loss provisions were recognized in our 2006 or 2007 financial statements. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, our financial statements include an allowance for doubtful accounts of Ps.424 million and Ps.177 million, respectively. Reserves and provisions were recorded based on our best estimates and current circumstances. If these circumstances change, we may need to modify the amount of reserves and provisions we have recorded.
Income Tax
In 2007 we recorded a net tax provision of Ps.1,949 million, which reflected a current income tax expense of Ps.209 million, a deferred income tax benefit of Ps.453 million, a deferred flat rate business tax expense of Ps.1,537 million and an expense related to an increase in the valuation allowance of Ps.658 million. As of December 31, 2007, we had a net deferred tax asset of Ps.3,167 million, including deferred tax liabilities of Ps.231 million and creditable asset tax of Ps.2,268 million. As of December 31, 2007 a valuation allowance for tax loss carryforwards and asset tax credits of Ps.3,167 million was recorded because we believe that the period granted by Mexican law for the recovery of such amounts may expire before such tax loss carryforwards and tax on asset credits are recovered. If these circumstances were to change, we may be required to increase or decrease the valuation allowance.
In 2006, we recorded a net tax provision of Ps.398 million, which reflected a current income tax expense of Ps.240 million, deferred tax expense of Ps.484 million related to change in deferred tax assets and liabilities and a decrease in the valuation allowance of Ps.327 million.
Derivative Financial Instruments
During 2007, we entered into two derivative contracts which establish a maximum interest rate of 5.5% on certain of our credit agreements; this transaction was designated as a cash flow hedge. The difference between the premium paid and the fair value was recognized in our results. At December 31, 2007, the fair value of the derivative was U.S.$3.5 million. Additonally, in August 2006, we entered into a derivative financial instrument known as a “European option” that limits the interest rate on a notional amount of Ps.580 million of our debt securities. At December 31, 2007, the fair value of the option was Ps.3,530; the difference between the premium paid and fair value was recognized in our results because the options were classified as trading for accounting purposes.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Mexico
In 2007, CINIF issued the following NIFs and Interpretations of Financial Reporting Standards, or INIFs, which became effective for fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2008:
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| • | NIF B-2,Statement of Cash Flows |
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| • | NIF B-10,Effects of Inflation |
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| • | NIF B-15,Translation of Foreign Currencies |
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| • | NIF D-3,Employee Benefits |
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| • | NIF D-4,Taxes on Income |
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| • | INIF 5,Recognition of the Additional Consideration Agreed to at the Inception of a Derivative Financial Instrument to Adjust it to Fair Value |
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| • | INIF 6,Timing of Formal Hedge Designation |
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| • | INIF 7,Application of Comprehensive Income or Loss Resulting From a Cash Flow Hedge on a Forecasted Purchase of a Non-Financial Asset |
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Some of the significant changes established by these standards are as follows:
NIF B-2,Statement of Cash Flows.This NIF establishes general rules for the presentation, structure and preparation of a cash flow statement, as well as the disclosures supplementing such statement, which replaces the statement of changes in financial position. NIF B-2 requires that the statement show a company’s cash inflows and outflows during the period. Line items should be presented gross. Cash flows from financing activities are now presented below those from investing activities (a departure from the statement of changes in financial position). In addition, NIF B-2 allows entities to determine and present their cash flows from operating activities using either the direct or the indirect method.
NIF B-10,Effects of Inflation. This NIF defines two economic environments: a) inflationary environment, when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is 26% or more, in which case the effects of inflation should be recognized using the comprehensive method; and b) non-inflationary environment, when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is less than 26%, in which case, no inflationary effects should be recognized in the financial statements. Additionally, NIF B-10 eliminates the replacement cost and specific indexation methods for inventories and fixed assets, respectively, and requires that the cumulative gain or loss from holding non-monetary assets be reclassified to retained earnings, if such gain or loss is realized; the gain or loss that is not realized will be maintained in stockholders’ equity and charged to current earnings of the period in which the originating item is realized.
NIF B-15,Translation of Foreign Currencies. NIF B-15 eliminates classification of integrated foreign operations and foreign entities and incorporates the concepts of accounting currency, functional currency and reporting currency. NIF B-15 establishes the procedures to translate the financial information of a foreign subsidiary: i) from the accounting to the functional currency; and ii) from the functional to the reporting currency, and allows entities to present their financial statements in a reporting currency other than their functional currency.
NIF D-3,Employee Benefits. This NIF addresses current and deferred PTU. Deferred PTU should be calculated using the same methodology established in NIF D-4. It also includes the career salary concept and the amortization period of most items is reduced to five years, as follows:
Items will be amortized over a five-year period, or less, if employees’ remaining labor life is less than the:
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| • | Beginning balance of the transition liability for severance and retirement benefits |
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| • | Beginning balance of past service cost and changes to the plan |
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| • | Beginning balance of gains and losses from severance benefits, according to actuarial calculations, should be amortized against the results of 2008 |
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| • | Beginning balance of gains and losses from retirement benefits, according to actuarial calculations, should be amortized over a five-year period (net of the transition liability), with the option to fully amortize such item against the results of 2008. |
NIF D-4,Taxes on Income. This NIF relocates accounting for current and deferred PTU to NIF D-3, eliminates the permanent difference concept, redefines and incorporates various definitions and requires that the cumulative income tax effect be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with some of the other comprehensive income items that have not been applied against current earnings.
INIF 5,Recognition of the Additional Consideration Agreed to at the Inception of a Derivative Financial Instrument to Adjust it to Fair Value. INIF 5 states that any additional consideration agreed to at the inception of a derivative financial instrument to adjust it to its fair value at that time should be part of the instrument’s initial fair value and not subject to amortization as established by paragraph 90 ofBulletin C-10. INIF 5 also establishes that the effect of the change should be prospectively recognized, affecting results of the period in which this INIF becomes effective. If the effect of the change is material, it should be disclosed.
INIF 6,Timing of Formal Hedge Designation. INIF 6 states that hedge designations may be made as of the date a derivative financial instrument is contracted, or at a later date, provided its effects are prospectively
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recognized as of the date when formal conditions are met and the instrument qualifies as a hedging relationship. Paragraph 51.a) ofBulletin C-10 only considered the hedge designation at the inception of the transaction.
INIF 7,Application of Comprehensive Income or Loss Resulting From a Cash Flow Hedge on a Forecasted Purchase of a Non-Financial Asset. INIF 7 states that the effect of a hedge reflected in other comprehensive income or loss resulting from a forecasted purchase of a non-financial asset should be capitalized within the cost of such asset, whose price is set through a hedge, rather than reclassifying the effect to the results of the period affected by the asset, as required by Paragraph 105 ofBulletin C-10. The effect of this change should be recognized by applying any amounts recorded in other comprehensive income or loss to the cost of the acquired asset, as of the effective date of this INIF.
At the date of issuance of our consolidated financial statements, we have not fully assessed the effects of adopting these new standards on our financial information.
United States of America
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements. SFAS No. 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 clarifies the definition of exchange price as the price between market participants in an orderly transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability, that is, the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The changes to current practice resulting from the application of this statement relate to the definition of fair value, the methods used to measure fair value, and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years for financial assets and liabilities, such as derivatives measured at fair value under SFAS No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an irrevocable election to measure hybrid financial instruments at fair value under SFAS No. 155,Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, and servicing assets and liabilities measured at fair value under SFAS No. 156,Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets. SFAS No. 157 has been deferred until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities such as asset retirement obligations measured at fair value at initial recognition under SFAS No. 143,Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, long-lived asset groups measured at fair value under SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, and liabilities for exit or disposal activities measured at fair value under SFAS No. 146,Accounting for Costs Associated With Exit or Disposal Activities. We are in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159 permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to expand the use of fair value measurements in accounting for financial instruments. The fair value option permits a company to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A company will report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings after adoption. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2006. We are in the process of determining the impact of adoption this new accounting principle on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51. SFAS No. 160 (a) amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and the deconsolidation of a subsidiary; (b) changes the way the consolidated income statement is presented; (c) establishes a single method of accounting for changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation; (d) requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated; and (e) requires expanded disclosures in the consolidated financial statements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent’s owners and the interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary.
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SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively but presentation and disclosure requirements (relating to the presentation of minority interest in the balance sheet and statement of income) must be applied retrospectively to provide comparability in the financial statements. Early adoption is prohibited. We do not anticipate the adoption of this new accounting principle will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R),Business Combinations, a replacement of FASB No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) requires (a) a company to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date; and (b) an acquirer in preacquisition periods to expense all acquisition-related costs. SFAS No. 141(R) requires that any adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax asset and liability balance that occur after the measurement period be recorded as a component of income tax expense. This accounting treatment is required for business combinations consummated before the effective date of SFAS No. 141(R) (non-prospective), otherwise SFAS No. 141(R) must be applied prospectively. The presentation and disclosure requirements must be applied retrospectively to provide comparability in the financial statements. Early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We do not anticipate the adoption of this new accounting principle will have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
On March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161,Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which enhances the current disclosure framework in SFAS No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 161 primarily requires (i) qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives in the context of each instrument’s primary underlying risk exposure; (ii) quantitative disclosures about the location and fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, in a tabular format; and (iii) disclosures about credit-risk related contingent features in derivative agreements. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. This Statement encourages, but does not require, comparative disclosures for earlier periods at initial adoption. We are in the process of determining the effects of this new standard on our consolidated financial information.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
General
Our principal uses of funds (nominal value) in 2007 were:
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| • | Ps.3,118 million to acquire a 20% equity partnership in RCO |
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| • | Ps.439 million for the purchase of land reserves for our Housing Development segment |
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| • | Ps.355 million for the prepayment of tranche C of the Aeroinvest debt |
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| • | Ps.257 million for the equity contribution to the Nuevo Necaxa — Tihuatlan Highway project |
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| • | Ps.192 million for the equity contribution to the Rio Verde — Ciudad Valles Highway |
Our principal sources of funds in 2007 were net proceeds from the September 2007 equity offering (Ps.5,688 million) and cash flow from operations, which included collections related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project.
Our expected future sources of liquidity include cash flow from our Civil Construction, Industrial Construction and Infrastructure segments and third party financing for our construction and housing projects. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to generate liquidity from these sales.
As of March 31, 2008, we had net working capital (current assets less current liabilities) of Ps. 8,190 million. We had net working capital of Ps.8,749 million as of December 31, 2007 as compared to net working capital of Ps.9,934 million as of December 31, 2006 and a net working capital of Ps.5,111 million as of December 31, 2005. Our net working capital as of March 31, 2008, December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 included
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Ps.1,417 million, Ps.1,840 million and Ps.2,480 million, respectively, of net working capital from our Airport Division, which we began to consolidate in December 2005. The decrease in net working capital from December 31, 2006 to December 31, 2007 was primarily attributable to the collection of the El Cajon hydroelectric project work certifications and the payment of short-term debt related to El Cajon. The increase in net working capital from December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2006 was primarily attributable to the reclassification of accounts receivable of El Cajon hydroelectric project from long-term receivables to short-term receivables, given their expected (and actual) receipt in 2007. We believe that our working capital is sufficient to meet our requirements in connection with work we currently intend to carry out in the near future.
Our cash and cash equivalents were Ps.6,872 million as of December 31, 2007, as compared to Ps.5,325 million as of December 31, 2006 and Ps.6,823 million as of December 31, 2005. Of our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2007, Ps.6,872 million was mainly attributable to increases in cash positions in the Corporate and Infrastructure segments. At December 31, 2007, we had a current ratio (current assets over current liabilities) of 1.99, as compared to a current ratio of 1.68 at December 31, 2006. As of March 31, 2008, we had a current ratio of 1.76.
Cash and cash equivalents at year-end 2007 included:
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| • | Ps.1,827 million of cash and cash equivalents (representing 27% of our cash and cash equivalents) held by GACN; |
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| • | Ps.1,188 million of cash and cash equivalents (representing 17% of our cash and cash equivalents) held by ICA-Fluor; |
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| • | Ps.254 million of cash and cash equivalents (representing 4% of our cash and cash equivalents) held in the reserves established to secure the Acapulco Tunnel and Corredor Sur financings; |
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| • | Ps.141 million of cash and cash equivalents (representing 2% of our cash and cash equivalents) held by Rodio. |
The use of cash and cash equivalents by ICA-Fluor or Rodio Kronsa requires the consent of the other shareholders or partners, as applicable, in each such subsidiary or joint venture, which are the Fluor Corporation, in the case of ICA-Fluor, and Soletanche Bachy France, in the case of Rodio Kronsa. See “Item 3. Key Information — Risk Factors — A substantial percentage of our cash and cash equivalents are held through less-than-wholly owned subsidiaries or joint ventures that restrict our access to their resources.”
We generated a net Ps.8,313 million from operating activities during 2007, as compared to using a net Ps.2,409 million in 2006 and Ps.932 million in 2005.
The terms of the La Yesca contract required that we secure financing for the project costs and limit disbursements during the construction phase to 90% of the cash cost of any certified work performed. The consortium arranged U.S.$910 million of financing for the La Yesca hydroelectric project from WestLB AG, which also structured the financing for the El Cajon hydroelectric project. The financing consists of U.S.$910 million line of credit to be used to cover construction costs and a U.S.$80 million revolving line of credit to be used to finance monthly working capital requirements and to be repaid from the construction line of credit, both of which contain various restrictive covenants typical for project financing. Because the terms of the construction contract provided that the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission would pay for the project upon completion, and the financing obtained by CPH covers only the project’s cash costs, the project will not generate any significant cash flow to us until completion, which is scheduled to occur in the second quarter of 2012. However, because we recognize revenues from the La Yesca hydroelectric project based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which relies on certain estimates and assumptions, the project is expected to generate a material portion of our revenues in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The La Yesca hydroelectric project is expected to represent a substantial portion of our receivables and our indebtedness in the future. At December 31, 2007, we had Ps.123 million in contract receivables and Ps.384 million of debt on our consolidated balance sheet relating to the La Yesca hydroelectric project.
As of March 31, 2008, a portion of our assets was pledged to issuers of letters of credit and under other credit arrangements. These assets are pledged to a number of banks, including: WestLB AG, Banco Santander,
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BBVA Bancomer, BG Trust Inc., Merrill Lynch and Value Casa de Bolsa. The assets we have pledged include: (i) collection rights under the La Yesca hydroelectric construction contract; (ii) our shares in Concesionaria Irapuato la Piedad, S.A. de C.V., our subsidiary that operates the Irapuato — La Piedad highway concession; (iii) our shares in SISSA Coahuila, S.A. de C.V.; (iv) our dividend rights in our series “B” shares in GACN held by Aeroinvest S.A. de C.V., or Aeroinvest (a subsidiary that indirectly holds interests in airport concessions); (v) our dividend rights in our series “A” shares in Servicios de Tecnologia Aeroportuaria, S.A. de C.V., or SETA (a 74.5% subsidiary that holds a 16.7% interest in GACN); (vi) Aeroinvest’s collection rights of approximately $47 million related to various loans granted to SETA; (vii) construction machinery and equipment owned by Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A. de C.V. (a construction subsidiary); and (viii) the collection rights from Corredor Sur, Kantunil Cancun highway and Acapulco tunnel. In general, assets securing letters of credit will remain pledged until the letters of credit secured by these assets expire. As a result of these arrangements, our ability to dispose of pledged assets requires the consent of these banks and our ability to incur further debt (whether secured or unsecured) is limited. At March 31, 2008, we had unrestricted access to Ps.6,144 million of our cash and cash equivalents, compared to Ps.6,575 million at December 31, 2007. See note 4 to our financial statements.
Project Financing
We utilize a number of project financing structures to raise the capital necessary to build projects. We historically financed our construction operations primarily through advances from customers. Increasingly, we have been required to arrange construction-phase financing. This has typically been done through bank financing. As these construction projects near completion, we typically seek to arrange longer-term financing to repay the short-term borrowings, either through the issuance of our own long-term debt or through the securitization of revenues from these projects. For example, in 2004, we replaced the bridge financing for the El Cajon hydroelectric project with a U.S.$452.4 million syndicated loan and a U.S.$230 million bond and in 2005 we refinanced the Corredor Sur outstanding indebtedness through the issuance of a U.S.$150 million bond. Our ability to arrange financing for the construction of infrastructure facilities is dependent on many factors, including the availability of financing in the credit market.
We typically provide a portion of the equity itself and our investment is returned over time once the project is completed. Generally, we contribute equity to a project by accepting deferred payment of a portion of its construction contract price. Concessions represent a similar approach to financing public-sector projects through the private sector. In certain projects, such as the Cantarell nitrogen plant, we provided debt financing in lieu of equity. In other projects, such as the El Cajon and La Yesca hydroelectric projects, which are financed as part of the Mexico’s public works financing program, which is known in Mexico as the PIDIREGAS program, payment of the construction cost is deferred until the project is operational. Due to the nature of most infrastructure projects, which typically involve long-term operations, we recover our equity or debt contribution, and in cases like the El Cajon and La Yesca hydroelectric projects receive payment under the contract, after the construction phase is completed. Depending on the requirements of each specific infrastructure project, we typically seek to form a consortium with entities that have expertise in different areas and that can assist us in obtaining financing from various sources. See “Item 3. Key Information — Business Overview — Infrastructure.” We anticipate that future revenues will depend significantly on our ability directly or indirectly to arrange financing for the construction of infrastructure projects.
In addition to providing equity capital to our project construction subsidiaries, we arrange third party financing in the form of loans and debt securities to finance the obligations of our projects. The revenues and receivables of the project are typically pledged to lenders and securityholders to secure the indebtedness of the project. Recourse on the indebtedness is typically limited to the subsidiary engaged in the project.
We believe that our ability to finance construction projects has enabled us to compete more effectively in obtaining such projects. Providing financing for construction projects, however, increases our capital requirements and exposes us to the risk of loss of our investment in a project. We attempt to compensate for this risk by entering into financing arrangements on terms generally intended to provide us with a reasonable return on our investment. We have implemented a policy to be more selective in choosing projects where we expect to
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recover our investment and earn a reasonable rate of return. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to realize these objectives.
Indebtedness
Our total debt to equity ratio was 0.41 to 1.0 at December 31, 2007, 0.95 to 1.0 at December 31, 2006 and 0.82 to 1.0 at December 31, 2005. The improvement in the debt to equity ratio from December 31, 2006 to December 31, 2007 mainly reflected our payment of 100% of the debt related to the El Cajon hydroelectric project, which was partially offset by the incurrence of new financings during the year. The deterioration in the debt to equity ratio from December 31, 2005 to December 31, 2006 mainly reflected the increased level of debt in 2006. The new debt in 2007 was principally incurred for funding the La Yesca hydroelectric project and the acquisition of shares in GACN and PMA Mexico.
As of December 31, 2007, approximately 37% of our consolidated revenues and 34% of our indebtedness were denominated in foreign currencies, mainly U.S. dollars. Decreases in the value of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar will increase the cost in Mexican pesos of our debt service obligations with respect to our U.S. dollar denominated indebtedness. A depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar will also result in foreign exchange losses as the Mexican peso value of our foreign currency denominated indebtedness is increased. An appreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar would decrease our dollar revenues when expressed in Mexican pesos. We generally do not hedge our exposure to the U.S. dollar with respect to the Mexican peso and other currencies; however, recently under some of our long-term credit facilities we have entered into interest rate, currency rate and foreign exchange hedges for the terms of those facilities. Several of our subsidiaries have a reduced exposure to the foreign currency risk because a higher percentage of their revenues are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Certain of our subsidiaries, such as GACN, CIISA, CPH and ICA Panama, and unconsolidated affiliates have entered into debt and other agreements containing restrictive covenants that limit the ability of such subsidiaries and affiliates to pay us dividends. These restrictive covenants generally do not restrict our operating subsidiaries such as Ingenieros Civiles Asociados and ViveICA. See note 18 to our financial statements.
In 2007, our debt service obligations (principal and interest) totaled Ps.9,811 million for debt denominated in pesos and U.S dollars. As of December 31, 2007, our net debt (interest paying debt less cash and cash equivalents) was Ps.834 million. As of March 31, 2008 our net debt increased to Ps.5,583 million due to the consolidation of debt of the Kantunil-Cancun concession highway and other credits for the civil construction projects.
La Yesca Financing
CPH is a special purpose subsidiary created to construct the La Yesca hydroelectric project. We and the other shareholder of CPH have agreed to guarantee certain obligations of CPH under the project contracts, including the financing documents, subject to certain limitations, in the event of an early termination of the public works contract for the project. CPH obtained financing for the construction phase of the La Yesca hydroelectric project in the first quarter of 2008, consisting of a U.S.$910 million line of credit to be used to cover construction costs and a U.S.$80 million revolving line of credit to be used to finance monthly working capital requirements and to be repaid from the construction line of credit, both of which contain various restrictive covenants typical in a project financing. The $910 million construction line of credit was syndicated and has a term that lasts the duration of the construction period, which ends in July 2012, subject to certain permissible extensions if the La Yesca project completion date is delayed. The repayment of the construction line of credit is scheduled to occur in two installments: (i) the first payment to made on the date of provisional acceptance of the first turbine unit, currently expected to occur in January 2012, in the amount of 60% of the fixed-price and 100% of the unit-price construction works performed as of that date, and (ii) the balance to be repaid in July 2012, subject to certain permissible extensions if the La Yesca project completion is delayed. West LB is the sole lender of the U.S.$80 million working capital line of credit, which has the same term as
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the construction line of credit. The working capital line of credit is expected to be repaid from the construction line of credit.
Corredor Sur
On May 17, 2005, a trust organized by our subsidiary ICA Panama issued U.S.$150 million of its 6.95% notes due 2025. Payments of principal and interest on the notes will be made from the Corredor Sur highway’s operations. The notes are recourse solely to the trust, which has been assigned the right to payment from the tolls. The net proceeds from the placement of the notes (approximately U.S.$134.9 million) were principally used to repay 100% of the project’s outstanding indebtedness (including a payment of U.S.$51.2 million in respect of outstanding indebtedness to the IFC) and to fund certain reserve accounts as required under the terms of the concession’s financing. The balance of the proceeds from the placement of the notes was used to repay a portion of our parent company indebtedness and for other corporate purposes.
TUCA
On June 30, 2005, a trust organized by our subsidiary TUCA issued and sold Ps.800 million (nominal value) in notes(Certificados Bursatiles) due 2022, which were listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. These notes accrued interest at TIIE plus 2.95%. The notes were prepaid with the proceeds of a new issuance of notes(Certificados Bursatiles) in the amount of Ps.1,250 million (nominal value) due 2033 issued and sold by a trust organized by our subsidiary TUCA, which are listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. These notes accrue interest at TIIE plus 2.65%. The notes are recourse solely to the trust, which has been assigned the Acapulco Tunnel’s tolls and toll collection rights. After repaying all outstanding debt of TUCA, paying the corresponding fees and expenses and creating the account reserves provided for in the trust, we received approximately Ps.394 million (nominal value) from the sale of these notes, which was used for general corporate purposes.
Aeroinvest
In June 2007, Aeroinvest entered into agreements with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Incorporated to refinance existing credit facilities totaling U.S.$216 million, which was used primarily to finance the acquisitions by Aeroinvest of 35.3% of the capital stock of GACN in the form of series “B” shares from the Mexican government, and by SETA of an additional 2% of the capital stock of GACN in the form of series “B” shares. The refinancing was approved at GACN’s extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting held January 31, 2007. The refinancing of the existing facilities consists of the issuance of the following series of notes by a Mexican trust, payable in U.S. dollars: (1) Ps.2,125 million aggregate principal amount ofSeries 2007-1 Class A Notes due 2017, (2) Ps.325 million aggregate principal amount ofSeries 2007-1 Class B Notes due 2017, and (3) Ps.355 million aggregate principal amount ofSeries 2007-1 Class C Notes due 2017. Its purpose was prepayment of the existing facilities, payment of related costs, fees and reserves, and general corporate purposes. Aeroinvest has pledged as collateral its series “B” shares in GACN representing 36.04% of GACN’s capital stock. Additionally, Aeroinvest has assigned its economic and corporate interests (including its right to receive dividends) in such series “B” shares and in its series “A” shares representing 74.5% of the capital stock of SETA, which in turn owns an additional 16.7% of the capital stock of GACN. Under the refinancing, Aeroinvest will retain the right to vote the pledged shares at all times unless it has failed to make a required payment. Aeroinvest, ADP, SETA, Banco Nacional de Comercio Exterior, S.N.C., Division Fiduciaria and Banco J.P. Morgan, S.A., Institucion de Banca Multiple, J.P. Morgan Grupo Financiero, Division Fiduciaria entered into a voting agreement pursuant to which Aeroinvest agreed to vote its series “B” shares representing 36.04% of the capital stock of GACN as a bloc in the same way SETA votes its shares of the capital stock of GACN at all ordinary and extraordinary general shareholders’ meetings, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the consortium agreement entered into between us and ADP. Both we and Aeroinvest issued corporate guarantees for the benefit of Banco J.P. Morgan, S.A., Institucion de Banca Multiple, J.P. Morgan Grupo Financiero, Division Fiduciaria (as issuer of the notes) and the Bank of New York (as trustee under the indenture governing the notes) in connection with the refinancing. So long as there are amounts outstanding under the notes, Aeroinvest is obligated to comply with certain affirmative and negative covenants, including maintenance of at
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least its present ownership interest in GACN and SETA, majority control over GACN and its subsidiaries and a minimum ratio of earnings before depreciation and amortization to debt service. In October 2007, we prepaid Ps.355 million aggregate principal amount ofSeries 2007-1 Class C Notes due 2017.
ViveICA Uncommitted Credit Line
On September 4, 2007, our housing subsidiary ViveICA entered into an uncommitted revolving debt facility funded by Deutsche Bank for the peso equivalent of U.S.$50 million to finance projects in several cities. The facility is denominated in pesos and has a maturity of six years, with a four-year revolving period during which ViveICA may draw on the funds. Because the facility is uncommitted, we will not pay a commitment fee to Deutsche Bank and Deutsche Bank will have discretion to cease advancing funds under the agreement.
This facility will allow ViveICA to finance projects before project authorization documents have been obtained and recuperate the appraised value of the project land upon delivery of definitive project authorization, thus increasing the turnover and liquidity of projects. The facility has been rated AAA on the Mexican scale by both the Moody’s and S&P rating agencies. The amount of the facility may be increased to the peso equivalent of U.S.$100 million upon mutual agreement of both parties. As of March 31, 2008, we have withdrawn approximately U.S. $10 million.
Other Debt
As of December 31, 2005, we had outstanding Ps.110 million of other long-term debt associated with financial leases for construction equipment and Ps.80 million of other long-term indebtedness related to a loan maturing in September 2008 that is secured by shares of SISSA Coahuila, S.A. de C.V., which was the remaining amount outstanding from the financing for the construction of a waste-water treatment plant. As of December 31, 2007 we had outstanding long-term other debt of Ps.26 million.
On August 6, 2007, the Ministry of Communications and Transportation awarded the first of four FARAC concession packages to RCO, a consortium formed by two of our subsidiaries and GSIP in which we participate with 20% of the equity and GSIP holds the remaining 80% of the equity. The FARAC concession consists of a30-year concession to construct, operate, exploit, conserve, and maintain the548-kilometer Maravatio — Zapotlanejo, Guadalajara — Zapotlanejo, Zapotlanejo — Lagos de Moreno, and Leon — Lagos — Aguascalientes toll roads in the states of Michoacan, Jalisco, Guanajuato and Aguascalientes, as well as extension or enlargement works as the Ministry of Communications and Transportation determines. RCO paid Ps.44,051 million for the assets. The concessionaire obtained a Ps.31,000 million long-term financing with Banco Santander Central Hispano, S.A. We have a minority interest in the concession, accounting for it as a non-consolidated affiliate, and were required to contribute Ps.3,118 million as equity capital. Our consortium partner GSIP and the long-term financing described above contributed the remaining investment amount paid to the Mexican federal government under the concession. The terms of the financing required, among other conditions: (i) the pledge of our and GSIP’s shares of the consortium in favor of the creditors and (ii) a waterfall of payments that may restrict the cash available for distributions to shareholders until 2014. Because the investment is accounted for under the equity method, the debt is not consolidated on our balance sheet.
Additional Sources and Uses of Funds
We may from time to time repurchase our outstanding equity securities if market conditions and other relevant considerations make such repurchases appropriate. The amount that we may use to repurchase our securities is authorized annually by our shareholders at our ordinary general meeting.
Historically our clients have required us to issue bonds to secure, among other things, bids, advance payments and performance. In recent years, our clients have been increasingly requiring letters of credit and other forms of guarantees to secure such bids, advance payments and performance. We are currently in contact with issuers of letters of credit, but we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain all of the letters of credit required for our normal operations.
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In recent years, our liquidity has also been adversely affected by the length of our average collection period for accounts receivable. Our average collection period for accounts receivable (including the El Cajon hydroelectric project) considered net of value-added tax was 140 days as of the first quarter of 2008, which is a 23% decrease from the first quarter of 2007, primarily as a result of the second payment of the El Cajon hydroelectric project.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We do not engage in any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or that we believe are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
Contractual Obligations
The following tables set forth our contractual obligations and commercial commitments by time remaining to maturity.
As of December 31, 2007, the scheduled maturities of our contractual obligations were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments Due by Period | |
| | | | | Less Than
| | | | | | | | | More Than
| |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | | 1 Year | | | 1-3 Years | | | 3-5 Years | | | 5 Years | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Long-term debt obligations | | Ps. | 5,990 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 455 | | | Ps. | 903 | | | Ps. | 4,632 | |
Fixed interest(1) | | | 1,956 | | | | 204 | | | | 607 | | | | 391 | | | | 754 | |
Variable interest(2) | | | 4,685 | | | | — | | | | 9 | | | | 243 | | | | 4,433 | |
Current portion of long-term debt obligations(3) | | | 206 | | | | 206 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Operating lease obligations | | | 282 | | | | 4 | | | | 71 | | | | 207 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 13,119 | | | Ps. | 414 | | | Ps. | 1,142 | | | Ps. | 1,744 | | | Ps. | 9,819 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Fixed interest rates range from 7.75% to 11.07%. |
|
(2) | | Variable interest rate was estimated using the following ranges: 4.6% (LIBOR plus spread) to 6.95% (LIBOR plus spread); and 8.38% (TIIE plus spread) to 10.88% (TIIE plus spread). When calculating variable interest rates, we used LIBOR and TIIE as of December 31, 2007. |
|
(3) | | Fixed interest rates range from 5% to 10.41% and the variable interest rate is 10.43% (TIIE plus spread). When calculating variable interest rates, we used the TIIE rate as of December 31, 2007. |
As of December 31, 2007, the scheduled maturities of other commercial commitments were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Amount of Commitment Expiration per Period | |
| | Total Amounts
| | | Less Than
| | | | | | | | | Over
| |
Contractual Obligations | | Committed | | | 1 Year | | | 1-3 Years | | | 4-5 Years | | | 5 Years | |
| | (Millions of Mexican pesos) | |
|
Standby letters of credit | | Ps. | 2,058 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 2,058 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | |
Guarantees(1) | | | 11,290 | | | | | | | | 11,290 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total commercial commitments | | Ps. | 13,348 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 13,348 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Consist principally of bonds delivered to guarantee bids, advance payments and performance. |
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| |
Item 6. | Directors, Senior Management and Employees |
DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
Management of our business is vested in our board of directors. Our bylaws provide that the board of directors will consist of the number of directors elected by our shareholders at the annual ordinary general meeting. In September 2006, our bylaws were amended to comply with the Mexican Securities Market Law in effect since June 2006. See “Item 6. Directors Senior Management and Employees— Board Practices.” Our current board of directors was elected on April 3, 2008, in three classes, with terms designed to provide a transition to the staggered term arrangement provided by the bylaws. The President of the board of directors must be a Mexican national. We offer no service contracts for our directors providing benefits upon termination of employment. The board of directors currently consists of 20 members, of which 14 are outside (i.e., non-management) directors. Thirteen of our directors are independent directors within the meaning of the Mexican Securities Market Law. The directors are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Years as
| | |
Name | | Position | | Director | | Age |
|
Bernardo Quintana I.(2) | | Chairman | | | 30 | | | | 66 | |
Jose Luis Guerrero Alvarez(2) | | Director | | | 18 | | | | 64 | |
Sergio F. Montaño Leon(2) | | Director | | | 16 | | | | 60 | |
Emilio Carrillo Gamboa(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 12 | | | | 70 | |
Alberto Escofet Artigas(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 12 | | | | 74 | |
Luis Fernando Zarate Rocha(2) | | Director | | | 10 | | | | 64 | |
Jorge Aguirre Quintana(2) | | Director | | | 9 | | | | 60 | |
Juan Claudio Salles Manuel(1)(4)(5)(6) | | Director | | | 5 | | | | 71 | |
Esteban Malpica Fomperosa(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 5 | | | | 58 | |
Elmer Franco Macias(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 4 | | | | 67 | |
Alberto Mulas Alonso(3)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 4 | | | | 47 | |
Fernando Ruiz Sahagun(3)(4) | | Director | | | 2 | | | | 64 | |
Luis Rubio Friedberg(3)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 2 | | | | 53 | |
Guillermo Javier Haro Belchez(3)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 2 | | | | 49 | |
Francisco Javier Garza Zambrano(3)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 1 | | | | 53 | |
Sergio Manuel Alcocer Martinez de Castro(3)(4)(5) | | Director | | | 1 | | | | 45 | |
Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala Larregui(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | * | | | | 45 | |
Alonso Quintana Kawage(2) | | Director | | | * | | | | 34 | |
Diego Quintana Kawage(2) | | Director | | | * | | | | 37 | |
Fernando Flores Perez(1)(4)(5) | | Director | | | * | | | | 62 | |
| | |
(1) | | Director whose term expires on April 30, 2010. |
|
(2) | | Director whose term expires on April 30, 2009. |
|
(3) | | Director whose term expires on April 30, 2011. |
|
(4) | | Independent directors within the meaning of the Mexican Securities Market Law. |
|
(5) | | Independent directors within the meaning ofRule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
|
(6) | | Audit committee financial expert, within the meaning of Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
* | | Newly appointed. |
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Listed below are the names, responsibilities and prior business of our directors and senior management:
Bernardo Quintana I. has been a member of our board of directors since 1978. Mr. Quintana was our President from December 1994 to December 2006 and has continued as our Chairman since that date. Previously, Mr. Quintana was the Director of Investments for Banco del Atlantico, Vice President of ICA Tourism and Urban Development and our Executive Vice President. Mr. Quintana is currently a board member of several Mexican companies including Banamex, Cementos Mexicanos and Grupo Maseca. Mr. Quintana also serves as Chairman of the Board of GACN, S.A.B. de C.V., a publicly traded company. Mr. Quintana is also a member of Mexico’s National Counsel of Businessmen, is a member of the board of trustees of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and the Fundacion ICA. Mr. Quintana holds a degree in civil engineering from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and an MBA from the University of California at Los Angeles. Mr. Quintana is the father of Mr. Alonso Quintana; he also is the father of Mr. Diego Quintana and is a cousin of Mr. Jorge Aguirre Quintana.
Jose Luis Guerrero Alvarezhas been a member of our board of directors since 1990. Mr. Guerrero has been our Chief Executive Officer since January 2007 and previously was Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Guerrero was appointed as a member of the board of directors of the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C.V. in 2008. For the past 29 years Mr. Guerrero has held various positions in our finance, administrative, divestment, real estate, manufacturing and business development areas. Before joining us, Mr. Guerrero was the Planning Director at Combinado Industrial Sahagun, the Technical Director at Roca Fosforica Mexicana and held various other positions in Mexico and abroad. Mr. Guerrero holds a diploma D’Ingenieur I.S.M.C.M. from Institut Superieur des Materiaux et de la Construction Mechanique of Paris, France. M.S. and a Ph.D. in Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Sergio F. Montaño Leonhas been a member of our board of directors since 1992, and is currently our Executive Vice President. Mr. Montaño has been with us since 1972, and has worked in the administrative and finance areas. Previously, Mr. Montaño worked at various Mexican companies, including Trebol and Cerveceria Moctezuma, S.A. where he held different administrative positions. Mr. Montaño holds a bachelor’s degree in public accounting from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, a Masters Degree in taxation from the Instituto para la Especializacion de Ejecutivos and a Specialization in Insurance from the Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico. Mr. Montaño has been a member of the Mexican Institute of Financial Executives since 1997.
Emilio Carrillo Gamboahas been a member of our board of directors since 1996. Mr. Carrillo is currently a senior partner of Bufete Carrillo Gamboa. Mr. Carrillo worked at the Internal Revenue Service of the Mexican Ministry of Finance and Public Credit, he also held several positions in Telefonos de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (TELMEX), where from1975-1987 he served as chairman of the board of directors. Mr. Carrillo was Mexico’s ambassador to Canada from1987-1989. Currently, he is chairman of the board of directors of the Mexico Fund, a company listed on the NYSE. He is also member of the board of the following publicly traded companies: Grupo Modelo, Grupo Mexico, Southern Copper Corporation, Kimberly Clark de Mexico, San Luis Corporation, Grupo Nacional Provincial and Grupo Posadas. He also serves on the boards of directors of the following non-listed companies: Gasoductos de Chihuahua, Medica Integral GNP and Afore Profuturo GNP. Mr. Carrillo holds a law degree from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, continued his legal education at Georgetown University Law Center and worked at the World Bank. He also participates in the following business organizations: Consejo Mexicano de Hombres de Negocio (executive secretary), Consejo Coordinador Empresarial, Instituto Mexicano para la Competitividad and Chairman of the Canada Chapter of the Mexican Foreign Trade Council.
Alberto Escofet Artigashas been a member of our board of directors since 1996. Mr. Escofet has been Chief Executive Officer of Alesco Consultores, S.A. de C.V. since 1991. Previously, Mr. Escofet served as Mexico’s Undersecretary of Energy and Undersecretary of Mines and Industry in the Ministry of Energy. Mr. Escofet has also been the Chief Executive Officer of Uranio Mexicano, Compañia de Luz y Fuerza del Centro and the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission. Mr. Escofet is a member of the board of directors of Constructora y Perforadora Latina. Mr. Escofet holds a B.S. in mechanical and industrial engineering from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
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Luis Fernando Zarate Rochahas been a member of our board of directors since 1997. Mr. Zarate is currently Executive Vice President in charge of overseeing civil contruction. Mr. Zarate is in charge of the operations of SETA, the airport operator in which we have a majority interest. Mr. Zarate has been with our company for over 36 years and has worked on various heavy construction projects, in infrastructure projects and in our business development department. Mr. Zarate is also a member of the board of directors of Fundacion ICA. Mr. Zarate holds a B.S. in civil engineering from Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, where he has been a professor of engineering since 1978. Since March 2008, Mr. Zarate has been President of the Colegio de Ingenieros Civiles de Mexico, A.C.
Jorge Aguirre Quintanahas been a member of our board of directors since 2001. Mr. Aguirre is Executive Vice President and was formerly in charge of overseeing civil construction. Previously Mr. Aguirre was the project director on the Cantarell nitrogen project and the construction director in our Industrial Construction division. Mr. Aguirre holds a civil engineering degree from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Mr. Aguirre is a cousin of Mr. Bernardo Quintana.
Juan Claudio Salles Manuelhas been a member of our board of directors since 2003. Mr. Salles is a founding partner of the Salles Sainz — Grant Thornton, S.C., which specializes in financial consulting and financial statements auditing. Prior to working at Salles — Sainz Grant Thornton, Mr. Salles was a partner at Ruiz Urquiza y Cia, S.C. Mr. Salles is currently a member of the Mexican Institute of Public Accountants, and had previously served as the President of its national executive committee. Mr. Salles is also the President of the Advisory Committee of the Mexican Academy of Integral Performance Audit(Academia Mexicana de Auditoria Integral al Desempeño). Previously, Mr. Salles was also a member of the executive committee of the International Federation of Accountants. Mr. Salles holds a bachelor’s degree in public accounting from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, where he has been a professor since 1962.
Esteban Malpica Fomperosahas been a member of our board of directors since 2003. Mr. Malpica is currently a member of the board of directors of Kimberly Clark de Mexico, S.A.B. de C.V., El Puerto de Liverpool, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Herdez, S.A.B. de C.V. and Grupo Gruma, S.A.B. de C.V. Since April 2004, Mr. Malpica has been a managing director of Praemia, S.C. From 1995 to 2001 he was a member of the executive committee at Banamex. From 1991 to 1994 Mr. Malpica was president of Acciones y Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. From 1992 to 1995, he was a vice-president of the Mexican Stock Exchange and chairman of the board of directors of the Mexico Equity & Income Fund. Mr. Malpica is a Certified Public Accountant with a degree from the Escuela de Contaduria of the Universidad Iberoamericana. He also holds an MBA from Notre Dame University.
Elmer Franco Maciashas been a member of our board of directors since 2004. Mr. Franco has occupied different positions within the INFRA Group, where he began working in 1958. Mr. Franco holds a B.S. in electrical engineering from Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, concluded studies in Industrial Relations — Human Resources from the Universidad Iberoamericana and has participated in management programs at the Instituto Panamericano de Alta Direccion de Empresas (IPADE).
Alberto Mulas Alonsohas been a member of our board of directors since 2004. Mr. Mulas is the managing director of CReSE Consultores, S.C., a consulting firm that specializes in strategy, finance and corporate governance. Mr. Mulas’s experience derives from his work as an investment banker with Bankers Trust, JP Morgan, Lehman Brothers and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, having been responsible for the Mexican operations of the last two entities. Mr. Mulas has also worked for the administration of President Vicente Fox until December 2002 as Undersecretary of Urban Development and Housing, and then as the Commissioner of the National Housing Development Commission(Comisionado Nacional de Fomento a la Vivienda).Mr. Mulas is currently a director of the government development banks Bancomext and the Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal. He also serves on the boards of GACN, S.A.B. de C.V., URBI, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Comex and Organizacion Ramirez (owner of CINEPOLIS, a chain of movie theaters). Mr. Mulas holds a chemical engineering degree from Universidad Iberoamericana and has an MBA from Wharton Business School, University of Pennsylvania.
Francisco Garza Zambranohas been a member of our board of directors since 2006. After holding various senior management positions within CEMEX since 1988, Mr. Garza now serves as President of
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the North American Region & Trading at CEMEX. He is directly responsible for CEMEX’s operations in both Mexico and the United States, and for its trading unit. He holds a bachelors degree from the Tecnologico de Monterrey and an M.B.A. from Cornell University’s Johnson Graduate School of Management.
Fernando Ruiz Sahagunhas been a member of our board of directors since 2006. Mr. Ruiz is outside counsel for the tax consulting firm of Chevez, Ruiz Zamarripa y Cia of which he was founding partner. Currently he is president of the Tax Commission of the Business Coordinating Council (CCE). He is member of the board of directors of the following publicly traded companies: Grupo Mexico, Kimberly Clark de Mexico, San Luis Corporacion, Mexichem, Grupo Palacio de Hierro, Grupo Cementos de Chihuahua, Grupo Financiero Santander and Fresnillo PLC. He also serves on the board of directors of Bolsa Mexicana de Valores and Mittal Steel Lazaro Cardenas.
Luis Rubio Friedberghas been a member of our board of directors since 2006. Mr. Rubio is president of the Centro de Investigacion para el Desarrollo (CIDAC), an independent economic and political research institute in Mexico City. He is a fellow of the World Economic Forum and serves on the boards of several investment funds, including the Oppenheimer funds, the India Fund, and the Asia Tigers Fund. Dr. Rubio is a finance specialist and has a masters degree and doctorate in political science from Brandeis University.
Guillermo Javier Haro Belchezhas been a member of our board of directors since 2006. Mr. Haro is secretary general of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies (the lower house of Congress) and has served in the controller’s offices of the federal government and the State of Mexico. He is a professor of political science and public administration at the UNAM. Mr. Haro is a law graduate of the Universidad La Salle and has a doctorate in law from the Universidad de Alcala de Henares in Madrid, Spain.
Sergio Manuel Alcocer Martinez de Castrohas been an independent director since 2007. Mr. Alcocer is currently Secretary General of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Formerly he was the director of the Engineering Institute of the UNAM and currently teaches various courses at the Graduate School of Engineering of the same institution. He has a bachelors degree in civil engineering from the Engineering School of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and a Ph.D in engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. Mr. Alcocer has been research director of the Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres and is president of the Reviewing Committee of the Complementary Technical Norms Applicable to the Design and Construction of Masonry Structures belonging to the construction code in Mexico City and is member of the Reviewing Committee of Complementary Technical Norms for the Design and Construction of Concrete structures of the same code. In 2001, Mr. Alcocer received a Mention of Distinction from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico for young members of academia in the area of Technological Innovation and Industrial Design. Also in this year, he received the 2001 Research Award from the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias in the area of Technological Research. He is also member of various technical committees of the Instituto Americano del Concreto. Mr Alcocer is currently president of the Mexican Society of Structural Engineering and vice president of the Technical Committee of the National Office of Normalization and Certification of Construction and building. Mr. Alcocer is the first foreign member of the Board of Directors of the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute of the United States.
Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala Larreguihas been a member of our board of directors since 2008. Ms. Aramburuzabala is the chief executive officer and chairwoman of Tresalia Capital. She has been a director of America Movil S.A. de C.V. since 2000. She has been a director of Grupo Televisa S.A. since July 2000 and serves as vice chairwoman of the Board. She serves as a director of Grupo Modelo, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Financiero Banamex-Accival, S.A. de C.V. and Kio Networks.
Alonso Quintana Kawagehas been a member of our board of directors since 2008. Mr. Quintana is currently Vice President and has been our Chief Financial Officer since January 2007. Since 1994, he has served Empresas ICA in various capacities, including positions in its construction, corporate finance and project finance areas, and since 2003, on GACN’s board of directors. Mr. Quintana was previously the Director of Management and Finance of Empresas ICA. Mr. Quintana received a degree in civil
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engineering from the Universidad Iberoamericana and a master’s degree in business administration from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University in Chicago. Mr. Quintana is the son of Mr. Bernardo Quintana and the brother of Mr. Diego Quintana.
Diego Quintana Kawagehas been a member of our board of directors since 2008. Mr. Quintana is currently Vice President and has been in charge of overseeing our Housing Division since May 2008. Mr. Quintana previously served as Director of Administration and Finance and General Director of ViveICA. Mr. Quintana is currently vice-president and member of the Executive Commission of the National Chamber of Housing Development. He holds a degree in economics and has further studies in finance, project analysis and project management. Mr Quintana is the son of Mr. Bernardo Quintana and the brother of Mr. Alonso Quintana.
Fernando Flores Perezhas been a member of our board of directors since 2008. Mr. Flores is presently founding partner of EFE Consultores, S.C. Mr. Flores has also worked for the administration of President Vicente Fox until December 2006 as General Director and Chairman of the Board of the Mexican Institute of Social Security(Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social). He also was Undersecretary of the Minister of Labor, Safety and Preventative Social Planning. He was CEO for Aerovias de Mexico and CEO and Chairman of Compañia Mexicana de Aviacion (MEXICANA). He was President of the National Chamber of Air Transportation(Camara Nacional del Aerotransporte). Previously he held executive positions in MEXICANA, the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Grupo Industrial DINA, and Combinado Industrial Sahagun. Mr. Perez holds a law degree from the Universidad Iberomaricana and studied business administration at the same university.
Executive Officers
Our executive officers currently are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | | | Years as
|
Name | | Current Position | | Executive Officer |
|
Jose Luis Guerrero Alvarez | | Chief Executive Officer | | | 18 | |
Alonso Quintana Kawage | | Vice President, Chief Financial Officer | | | 1 | |
Sergio F. Montaño Leon | | Executive Vice President | | | 18 | |
Luis Fernando Zarate Rocha | | Executive Vice President, Civil Construction | | | 13 | |
Jorge Aguirre Quintana | | Executive Vice President | | | 9 | |
Luis Carlos Romandia Garcia | | General Counsel | | | 3 | |
Carlos Mendez Bueno | | Divisional Director, Infrastructure, Other Concessions | | | 1 | |
Diego Quintana Kawage | | Vice President, Housing Development | | | 1 | |
Ruben Gerardo Lopez Barrera | | Divisional Director, Infrastructure, Airports and Chief Executive Officer, GACN | | | 1 | |
Juan Carlos Santos | | Divisional Director, Industrial Construction | | | 1 | |
Jose Luis Rojo | | Divisional Director, Rodio-Kronsa | | | 2 | |
Carlos Mendez Buenois a civil engineer with a bachelors degree from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). He has participated in various post-graduate studies such as “Strategic Planning” at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School and “Certification in Project Administration” from the International Institute of Learning. He has been with us since 1975 and has held various management and senior management positions within civil construction, international projects, and infrastructure. As of January 2007 he was named the divisional director of our Infrastructure segment for Other Concessions. Mr. Mendez is a member of the alumni association of the Engineering School at the UNAM, and is currently Vice President for Industrial Relations, Representation, and Management of the Mexico City delegation to the Mexican Construction Industry Chamber. He is also a board member of the Mexican Road Association (AMC) and represents ICA before the International Road Federation.
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Ruben Gerardo Lopez Barrerahas served as GACN’s Chief Executive Officer since December 2003. Previously, he served as GACN’s General Vice President, Human Resources and Legal, and GACN’s Communications Director. Mr. Lopez has also previously served as Business Development Director and Project Finance Director of ICA. Mr. Lopez received a degree in Civil Engineering from Universidad Iberoamericana, a degree in finance from the Instituto Tecnologico Autonomo de Mexico, a master’s degree in business administration from the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and the Washington University and a certificate in airport management and development from Aeroports de Paris.
Luis Carlos Romandia Garciahas been our general counsel since May 2005 and has been secretary of our board of directors since 1995. Mr. Romandia has been employed by us since 1977 and has served as a lawyer for several of our subsidiaries during his tenure. Mr. Romandia holds a degree in law from theUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.
Juan Carlos Santosis our Divisional Director of Industrial Construction. He has been with us for 18 years, including as an alternate member of our board of directors, the Director of Projects for ICA-Fluor, and the Project Manager for the liquefied natural gas terminal in Altamira, Tamaulipas. Previously, he was the contracts and project control manager for the Cantarell nitrogen plant. He is a civil engineering graduate of theUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexicoand holds a master’s degree in business administration from Georgetown University in Washington, D.C.
Jose Luis Rojois our Divisional Director of Rodio Kronsa. Mr. Rojo has been with Rodio Kronsa for 37 years. He has held several positions within the organization including Construction Manager for Rodio Spain(1984-1989), Manager for Rodio Spain(1989-1995), Manager Director for Rodio Cimentaciones Especiales(1995-2003), Representative Director Rodio Cimentaciones Especiales(2003-2006) and Representative Director Grupo Rodio Kronsa (current). Mr. Rojo is a road, canal and ports engineer. He has been a professor in geotechnics at the E.U.I.T de Obras Publicas in Madrid since 1979.
COMPENSATION
For the year ended December 31, 2007, the aggregate compensation of our directors and executive officers paid or accrued in that year for services in all capacities was approximately Ps.93 million. We pay non-management directors Ps.40,000 net of taxes and management directors Ps.40,000 net of taxes for each board meeting, corporate practices committee meeting or audit committee meeting they attend. Additionally, we pay our non-management directors U.S.$250 per hour for work related to their duties on our board or on either committee
Management Bonuses
Generally members of senior and middle management currently become eligible for bonuses after five years of service. Cash performance bonuses are paid to eligible members of management by the subsidiaries that employ them.
The compensation committee determines the bonuses for senior and middle management. Compensation for executive officers and the Chief Executive Officer is determined by the corporate practices committee. We have adopted the following policy regarding the calculation of the performance bonus:
| | |
| • | in years in which income is 4% or less of our net worth, no bonuses will be paid, |
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| • | in years in which income is greater than 4% of our net worth, up to 20% of the amount by which income exceeds 4% of net worth may be paid as bonuses. |
Income for these purposes means income from all sources (including extraordinary items) before income taxes, employees’ statutory profit sharing and the bonus itself. Net worth for these purposes is our net worth as at the end of the year for which the bonus is being calculated, without giving effect to that bonus. This formula is subject to change by the board of directors, provided that all outside directors approve any such change.
A substantial portion of the shares beneficially owned by our directors and executive officers, along with other shares owned by our management, are owned through a trust, which we refer to as the management
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trust. The management trust is supervised by a technical committee, referred to as the technical committee, which consists of members of our board of directors. The technical committee has broad discretionary authority over the corpus of this trust, including voting power over the shares contained therein and the conditions governing withdrawal of such shares. The technical committee is authorized to modify the terms of the management trust.
Bonuses are paid into the management trust and may be used by the technical committee to purchase shares, for the account of the bonus recipient. All dividends paid with respect to shares in the management trust are also deposited in the management trust. Cash dividends are, at the discretion of the technical committee, distributed to participants in the management trust or used to purchase shares at prevailing market prices for the benefit of the participants. Upon leaving us, participants in the management trust are entitled to receive the shares representing such participant’s interest in periodic installments. The management trust may, but is not required to, purchase the shares constituting such installments. All dividends received with respect of the shares owned by any former employee are paid to such former employee.
As described above, members of management that leave us are entitled to receive, in annual installments, the shares credited to their accounts in the management trust. Certain exceptions may be made to these rules from time to time to permit employees leaving us to receive their shares on an accelerated basis.
Options to Purchase Securities from Registrant or Subsidiaries
On March 31, 2000, we adopted a stock option plan pursuant to which our officers and senior-management were entitled to annual stock options. Options were granted based on a percentage of the grantees’ annual base salary.
The stock option plan was terminated on April 16, 2004. Although we do not expect to grant stock options going forward, we expect to honor the stock options that were granted under the stock option plan at an exercise price of Ps.22.50.
Set forth below are the original number of ordinary shares and the number of shares as adjusted for our December 2005 reverse stock split, the grant date and the expiration date of all options outstanding as of December 31, 2007, which have an exercise price of Ps.22.50.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Original
| | | As Adjusted
| | | | |
Option Grant Date | | Number of Shares | | | Number of Shares | | | Expiration Date | |
|
April 24, 2000 | | | 9,273,163 | | | | 1,545,527 | | | | April 24, 2007 | |
April 23, 2001 | | | 9,323,417 | | | | 1,553,902 | | | | April 23, 2008 | |
April 25, 2002 | | | 8,087,866 | | | | 1,347,977 | | | | April 25, 2009 | |
April 29, 2003 | | | 7,663,088 | | | | 1,277,181 | | | | April 29, 2010 | |
Options vest over a three-year period beginning on the first anniversary of the grant date, and are exercisable until the seventh anniversary of the grant date. Options may be exercised at any time after vesting and are not transferable.
These options are held by our officers and directors.
During 2007 144,549 options were forfeited and 633,032 options (on a pre-reverse split basis) were exercised. As of December 31, 2007, we had 903,352 options outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of Ps.22.50.
Under MFRS, the granting of these options has no material effect on our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. Under U.S. GAAP, the granting of these options may give rise to future non-cash compensation expenses.
Pension Plan
In 2006, we created a defined benefit pension plan covering all active employees aged more than 65 who are part of the board of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and have a minimum of 10 years of service as
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members of the board prior to their retirement. These employees are entitled to the benefits beginning at the age of 55, with gradual reductions of their salary taken into account for pension purposes. See note 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
BOARD PRACTICES
For a table setting forth our current directors and management, the expiration of their current terms of office and the period of time during which each has served in that office, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees — Directors and Senior Management.”
Corporate Governance Reforms
The Mexican Securities Market Law enacted by Mexico’s Federal Congress on December 30, 2005 (in effect since June 2006) altered the legal regime applicable to public companies in Mexico. In order to comply with the new law, our shareholders approved the amendment of our by-laws at an extraordinary general shareholders’ meeting on September 12, 2006. The following summarizes our management structure and our board practices, as determined by currently applicable Mexican law and our amended bylaws. This description is intended as a summary only and does not restate our bylaws or any part thereof or of the Mexican Securities Market Law.
Management Structure
Our management is vested in a board of directors and a chief executive officer. The duties of the board of directors are, among others, to set general strategy for the company, and for the legal entities controlled by it, and to appoint, supervise and, if and as necessary, remove the chief executive officer. In fulfillment of its duties and responsibilities, our bylaws, in accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law, provide for our board of directors to be aided by one or more committees made up of independent directors.
Our bylaws provide for our board of directors to be comprised of no fewer than 5 and no more than 21 directors, of which at least 25% must be independent directors. Members of the board of directors are elected on a staggered basis. Each year, one-third of the members of the board are elected by our shareholders and, once elected, board members occupy their positions for the following three years without the need for shareholder ratification in the interim. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any ordinary general shareholders’ meeting, any director can be removed by a 51% vote of our shareholders.
Any holder or group of holders of 10% of the voting capital stock of ICA may appoint a director. Shareholders that exercise such right may not participate in the appointment of remaining directors.
Our board of directors meets at least on a quarterly basis and has the duties and authority set forth in the company’s bylaws and in the Mexican Securities Market Law. The chairman of the board of directors is appointed by the shareholders at each ordinary general shareholders’ meeting, or by the board of directors itself, and has the authority to propose to the board the discussion and resolution of various matters, including proposals as to the independent directors that are to comprise the committee or committees that perform auditing and corporate practices duties, as well as the appointment and removal of the chief executive officer. The chairman of our board may not be president of either the audit committee or the corporate practices committee under Mexican law.
Our board of directors has the authority to establish special committees to assist the board in the performance of its duties. Our bylaws provide that audit and corporate practices duties may be delegated to one committee or to two separate committees at the discretion of the board.
Our chief executive officer is the main executive of the company, responsible for the management, direction and execution of our business, subject to the strategies set forth by the board of directors. The chief executive officer is also responsible for the fulfillment of resolutions approved by shareholders or the board. The chief executive officer is vested with broad agency authority. However, this authority is limited when it comes to exercising voting rights attached to the company’s shares in its subsidiaries. In regards thereto, the
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chief executive officer must act in accordance with instructions or policies provided by the board. Such authority is also limited in respect of sales of our real estate and equity holdings and in respect of transactions referred to in paragraph c), Section III of Article 28 of the Mexican Securities Market Law. In either such case, the chief executive officer may only act with the board of directors’ prior authorization. Furthermore, if the relevant transaction involves an amount equal to or exceeding 20% of the company’s net worth, the chief executive officer may only act with the prior authorization of our shareholders.
Board Practices
In response to the enactment of the Mexican Securities Market Law, our board of directors established a corporate practices committee. The corporate practices committee has the duties set forth in Section I of Article 42 and other applicable provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law. Such duties include providing an opinion on the nomination of the chief executive officer, assessing the performance of our senior management, providing an opinion on related-party transactions and compensation proposals for senior management and reviewing certain exemptive actions of the board of directors. As of March 31, 2008, the members of the corporate practices committee are Emilio Carrillo Gamboa, as chairman, Guillermo Haro Belchez, and Luis Rubio Friedberg, all of whom are independent directors as such term is defined in the Mexican Securities Market Law and inRule 10A-3 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act.
The Mexican Securities Market Law necessitated certain changes to the duties and functions of our audit committee, as established in our bylaws before the enactment of the current Mexican Securities Market Law. The audit committee is now responsible for the duties set forth in Section II of Article 42 and other applicable provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law. Such duties include evaluating our independent auditor, reviewing the audit report, opinion, and other documents prepared annually by the independent auditor, informing the board of directors regarding the quality of and any deficiencies in the company’s internal control mechanisms and regarding internal audits of the company or entities controlled by the company. As of March 31, 2008, the members of the audit committee are Juan Claudio Salles Manuel, as chairman, Alberto Mulas Alonso and Emilio Carrillo Gamboa, all of which are independent as such term is defined in the Mexican Securities Market Law and inRule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act.
Both of the above committees are empowered to call shareholders’ meetings and hire independent counsel and other advisors, as they deem necessary to carry out their duties, including, in the case of the corporate practices committee, the review of related-party transactions.
The Mexican Securities Market Law introduced new Mexican corporate law concepts such as a duty of loyalty and a duty of care for corporate directors, the chief executive officer and other senior managers. Although the new law contains some specificity, such concepts have not yet been construed by the Mexican courts, and they may not develop in the same manner as they have in the United States.
Pursuant to the provision of the Mexican Securities Market Law, members of our board will be deemed to have acted with disloyalty: (1) if they obtain an economic benefit for themselves or for third parties, including any specific shareholder or any group of shareholders, due to their position without any legitimate cause; (2) if they do not disclose conflicts of interests; (3) if they favor a specific shareholder or group of shareholders or exert significant influence causing prejudice or damage to any other shareholder; (4) if they approve transactions entered into by the company, by entities controlled by it or by entities over which the company has a significant influence, with related parties without complying with requirements provided for in the Mexican Securities Market Law; (5) if they take advantage of, or approve for the benefit of third parties, the use of the company’s assets or of the assets of entities controlled by it, in breach of the policies previously approved by the board of directors; (6) if they misuse, or fail to maintain confidentiality with respect to, material non-public information obtained by them in connection with their duties or relating to the company, entities controlled by it or with entities over which the company has significant influence; and (7) if they take advantage for their own benefit or third parties’ benefit, of business opportunities of the company, entities controlled by it or entities over which the company has significant influence, without prior waiver of the board of directors.
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Pursuant to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law, the duty of care consists of the obligation of directors to act in good faith and in the best interests of the company, adopting reasonable decisions. For decisions to be reasonable, board members must first obtain information necessary to adequately inform themselves, including by requesting information or other assistance from the chief executive officer or other senior managers, if necessary. Board members must also report to the board all relevant information that they have knowledge of, except when exempted by law. In accordance with Article 33 of the Mexican Securities Market Law, the company has opted to obtain insurance coverage for the members of the board of directors for any liability arising from any breach of the duty of care.
NYSE Corporate Governance Comparison
Pursuant to Section 303A.11 of the Listed Company Manual of the NYSE, we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards. We are a Mexican corporation with shares listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the Mexican Securities Market Law and the regulations issued by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission. We also comply on a voluntary basis with the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices(Codigo de Mejores Practicas Corporativas)as indicated below, which was created in January 2001 by a group of Mexican business leaders and was endorsed by the Mexican Banking and Securities Commission. On an annual basis, we file a report with the Mexican Banking and Securities Commission and the Mexican Stock Exchange regarding our compliance with the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices.
The table below discloses the significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards.
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NYSE Standards | | Our Current Corporate Governance Practices |
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Director Independence. Majority of board of directors must be independent. §303A.01 | | Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law and our bylaws, our shareholders are required to appoint a board of directors of between five and twenty-one members, 25% of whom must be independent within the meaning of the Mexican Securities Market Law, which differs from the definition of independent under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange. |
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| | Our board of directors currently consists of twenty members, of which fourteen are outside (i.e. non-management) directors. Thirteen of our directors are independent directors within the meaning of the Mexican Securities Market Law. Twelve of our directors are independent directors within the meaning of Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
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| | Pursuant to our bylaws board members must be appointed based on their experience, ability and professional prestige. Our board of directors must meet at least every three months. |
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A director is not independent if such director is: | | Under Article 26 is of the Mexican Securities Market Law, a director is not independent if such director is: |
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(i) a person who the board determines has a material direct or indirect relationship with the company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary; | | (i) an employee or officer of the company (one-year cooling off period); |
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| | |
NYSE Standards | | Our Current Corporate Governance Practices |
|
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(ii) an employee, or an immediate family member of an executive officer, of the company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary, other than employment as interim chairman or CEO; | | (ii) a shareholder that, without being an employee or officer of the company, has influence or authority over the company’s officers; |
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(iii) a person who receives, or whose immediate family member receives, more than $100,000 per year in direct compensation from the company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary, other than director and committee fees or deferred compensation for prior services only (and other than compensation for service as interim chairman or CEO or received by an immediate family member for service as a non-executive employee); | | (iii) a partner or employee of a consultant or adviser, to the company or its affiliates, where the income from the company represents 10% or more of the overall income of such consultant or adviser; |
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(iv) a person who is affiliated with or employed, or whose immediate family member is affiliated with or employed in a professional capacity, by a present or former internal or external auditor of the company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary; | | (iv) an important client, supplier, debtor or creditor (or a partner, director or employee thereof). A client and supplier is considered important when its sales to or purchases from the company represent more than 10% of the client’s or supplier’s total sales or purchases. A debtor or creditor is considered important whenever the aggregate amount of the relevant loan represents more than 15% of the debtor’s, creditor’s or the company’s aggregate assets; |
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(v) an executive officer, or an immediate family member of an executive officer, of another company whose compensation committee’s membership includes an executive officer of the listed company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary; or | | |
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(vi) an executive officer or employee of a company, or an immediate family member of an executive officer of a company, that makes payments to, or receives payments from, the listed company, its parent or a consolidated subsidiary for property or services in an amount which, in any single fiscal year, exceeds the greater of $1 million or 2% of such other company’s consolidated gross revenues (charities are not included, but any such payments must be disclosed in the company’s proxy (or, if no proxy is prepared, its Form 10-K /annual report)) | | |
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“Immediate family member” includes a person’s spouse, parents, children, siblings, mothers and fathers-in-law, sons and daughters-in-law and anyone (other than domestic employees) who shares the person’s home. Individuals who are no longer immediate family members due to legal separation, divorce or death (or incapacity) are excluded. §303A.02(b) | | (v) a “family member” related to any of the persons mentioned above in (i) through (iv). “Family member” includes a person’s spouse, concubine or other relative up to the fourth degree of consanguinity and affinity, as well as a spouse or concubine of the individuals mentioned above. |
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NYSE Standards | | Our Current Corporate Governance Practices |
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Executive Sessions. Non-management directors must meet regularly in executive sessions without management. Independent directors should meet alone in an executive session at least once a year. §303A.03 | | There is no similar requirement under our bylaws or applicable Mexican law. |
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Audit committee. Audit committee satisfying the independence and other requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the more stringent requirements under the NYSE standards is required. §§303A.06, 303A.07 | | We have a three-member audit committee, which is composed of independent directors appointed by our board. The Mexican Securities Market Law requires that the president of our audit committee be appointed by the shareholders. Currently all members of our audit committee are independent as such term is defined under the Mexican Securities Market Law and under Rule 10A-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
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| | However, the members of our audit committee are not required to satisfy the NYSE independence and other audit committee standards that are not prescribed by Rule 10A-3. |
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| | Our audit committee complies with the requirements of the Mexican Securities Market Law and has the following attributes: |
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| | • Our audit committee operates pursuant to a written charter adopted by the audit committee and approved by our board of directors. |
| | |
| | • Pursuant to our bylaws and Mexican law, our audit committee submits an annual report regarding its activities to our board of directors. |
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| | • The duties of the audit committee include: |
| | |
| | • periodically evaluating our internal control to oversee our internal auditing and control systems; |
| | |
| | • periodically evaluating our internal control mechanisms; |
| | |
| | • recommending independent auditors to our board of directors; |
| | |
| | • establishing procedures for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters controls; |
| | |
| | • hiring independent counsel and other advisors as it deems necessary to carry out its duties, including the review of related-party transactions; and |
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| | |
NYSE Standards | | Our Current Corporate Governance Practices |
|
| | |
| | • overseeing the performance of our outside auditor. |
| | |
Nominating/corporate governance committee. Nominating/corporate governance committee of independent directors is required. The committee must have a charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee. §303A.04 | | We are required to have a corporate practices committee pursuant to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law and our bylaws. Our corporate practices committee is composed of three independent directors. The duties of our corporate practices committee include: |
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| | • providing an opinion on the nomination of the chief executive officer, |
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| | • assessing the performance of our senior management, |
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| | • providing an opinion on related party transactions, |
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| | • providing an opinion on compensation proposals for senior management and |
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| | • reviewing certain exemptive actions of the board of directors. |
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Compensation committee. Compensation committee of independent directors is required, which must approve executive officer compensation. The committee must have a charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee. §303A.05 | | The corporate practices committee provides an opinion on compensation proposals for the Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers pursuant to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law. |
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| | We also have a compensation committee composed of senior management directors of the Company. This committee determines compensation for senior and middle management. |
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Equity compensation plans. Equity compensation plans require shareholder approval, subject to limited exemptions. §303A.08 | | Our current equity compensation plans have been approved by our shareholders at shareholder meetings in accordance with Mexican law. |
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Code of Ethics. Corporate governance guidelines and a code of business conduct and ethics is required, with disclosure of any waiver for directors or executive officers. §303A.10 | | We have adopted a code of ethics, which has been accepted by all of our directors and executive officers and other personnel. We are required by Item 16B of this Form 20-F to disclose any waivers granted to our chief executive officer, chief financial and accounting officer and persons performing similar functions. |
EMPLOYEES
As of each of the last three years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, we had approximately 17,902, 19,628 and 17,724 employees, respectively, approximately 27%, 22% and 25% of whom were permanent employees, respectively. The number of temporary employees employed by us varies significantly and is largely dependent on the level of our construction activities. The personnel of GACN were added to the workforce in December of 2005, adding 930 employees.
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In Mexico, all of our employees, other than managerial and certain administrative employees, are currently affiliated with labor unions. Labor relations in each facility in Mexico are governed by a separate collective bargaining agreement, executed between the relevant subsidiary and a union selected by the employees of the relevant facility. Wages are renegotiated every year while other terms are renegotiated every two years. Labor relations for each construction project are governed by a separate collective bargaining agreement, which is coterminous with the project. Such agreements are reviewed once per year if the duration of the project so permits. Although, from time to time we have faced strikes at particular facilities or construction sites, we have never had a strike that materially affected our overall operations in Mexico. We believe that we have good relations with our employees.
SHARE OWNERSHIP
As of May 15, 2008, Mr. Quintana and members of his immediate family may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of 37,526,680 or 7.5% of the shares outstanding, and Mrs. Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala and her family may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of 24,193,792 or 4.86% of the shares outstanding. None of our directors or executive officers (other than Mr. Quintana and Mrs. Aramburuzabala) is the beneficial owner of more than 1% of any class of capital stock, other than through the management trust described in “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions — Major Shareholders.”
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Item 7. | Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions |
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the ownership of outstanding shares.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Amount
| | | | |
Identity of Person or Group | | Owned | | | Percentage(1) | |
|
Bernardo Quintana I.(2) | | | 34,816,238 | | | | 6.99 | |
Management Trust(3) | | | 10,406,055 | | | | 2.1 | |
Fundacion Trust(3) | | | 8,585,022 | | | | 1.7 | |
Employee Trust(3) | | | 0 | | | | * | |
Foreign Employee Trust(3)(4) | | | 115,044 | | | | * | |
Maria Asuncion Aramburuzabala(5) | | | 24,193,792 | | | | 4.86 | |
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(1) | | Based upon 498,029,907 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2007. |
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(2) | | Reflects shares owned directly by Mr. Quintana and his family and not through the management trust. |
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(3) | | Information concerning our shares beneficially owned by each of the trusts was obtained from a Schedule 13G/A filed on February 14, 2008 by each of the trusts. |
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(4) | | Held in the form of 28,761 ADSs. |
|
(5) | | As of March 31, 2008, includes shares owned by her family members. |
At March 31, 2008, 241,137,966 shares were held in the form of CPOs, which have limited voting rights. See “Item 9. The Offer and Listing — Trading — Limitations affecting ADS Holders and CPO Holders.”
Our directors and executive officers, as a group, beneficially own approximately 69,416,085 shares (13.94% of the shares outstanding). A portion of the shares beneficially owned by our directors and executive officers (collectively, approximately 2.1% of the shares outstanding), are owned through a trust, referred to as the management trust. The technical committee of the management trust, which consists of members of our board of directors, has broad discretionary authority over the corpus of this trust, including voting power over the shares contained therein and the conditions governing withdrawal of such shares.
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The technical committee is authorized to modify the terms of the management trust. The technical committee, in its discretion, is authorized to distribute bonuses to participants in the form of cash and permit our current employees to withdraw shares held in the management trust. The technical committee generally has discretion over the sale of shares withdrawn from the management trust and generally has sought to conduct such sales in a manner that minimizes any adverse effect on the market price of the shares. Whenever an employee belonging to the management trust retires, his or her shares are released from the management trust so that such employee may dispose of his or her shares as he or she wishes.
Members of the board of directors also have voting power over the shares placed in a trust that we refer to as the employee trust, originally established in 1959, for the benefit of certain other of our employees that are not members of management. As of December 31, 2007, the employee trust held 0.0% of the shares outstanding.
In 1992, members of management donated 10% of their then-owned shares to Fundacion ICA, a non-profit organization formed to fund research and education activities in Mexico. In addition, certain former members of management donated 20% of their shares to Fundacion ICA. Fundacion ICA’s shares are held by a trust, which we refer to as the fundacion trust. We are entitled to appoint two of the five members of the fundacion trust’s technical committee, while the remaining members are independent from us. Any disposition of the shares held by the fundacion trust requires the approval of more than a simple majority of such technical committee and, therefore, may require approval of our representatives on this committee. Under the terms of the fundacion trust, the shares held by Fundacion ICA, which as of December 31, 2007 represented approximately 1.7% of the shares outstanding, are required to be voted in the manner specified by a majority of the technical committee.
In April 1992, management created a trust, which we refer to as the foreign employee trust, for the benefit of certain other of our employees. The purpose of the foreign employee trust is to provide incentives to retain skilled personnel who are foreigners or who are employed by subsidiaries located outside Mexico. As of February 14, 2008, the foreign employee trust held less than 0.1% of the shares outstanding.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
El Cajon Letters of Credit; Sale of SETA
In December 2005, we exercised our option to repurchase the 60% interest in Aeroinvest from Controladora Andrea J, S.A. de C.V., the company owned by Mr. Quintana and his family, for Ps.212 million (nominal value) (U.S.$19.3 million), generating a gain of Ps.65 million (nominal value), which we recorded as other income. All of the ownership interests owned by the Quintana family were purchased in this transaction, which was approved by our audit committee in November 2005. The option to repurchase our interest in Aeroinvest was related to the Quintana family’s guarantee of U.S.$15 million in performance bonds and letters of credit required for the El Cajon hydroelectric project.
In 2003, pursuant to the terms of the El Cajon hydroelectric project contract, CIISA was required to enter into the engineering, procurement and construction contract within 20 days of being awarded the project. CIISA was also required to begin work on the project the day after it entered into the contract, and was required to post a U.S.$10 million performance bond for the benefit of the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission. Additionally, under the terms of the bridge credit facility for the financing of the first portion of the project’s construction costs, CIISA was required to post a U.S.$26 million letter of credit.
CIISA was unable to obtain the required performance bonds or letters of credit within the timeframe required by the contracts. Consequently, as a temporary measure, Mr. Quintana, our then-President and Chief Executive Officer, and his family guaranteed U.S.$15 million out of U.S.$22 million (61% of the total amount) required for the El Cajon hydroelectric project. In return, Mr. Bernardo Quintana and his family received a fee equal to 2% of the guaranteed amount. In September 2003, we sold 60% of our shares in SETA for Ps.274 million (nominal value) to Aeroinvest, an affiliated company that was 60% owned by Mr. Bernardo Quintana, our then-President and Chief Executive Officer, and members of his family, and contributed 40% of
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our SETA shares to Aeroinvest in exchange for a 40% interest in Aeroinvest. The enterprise value used in these transactions was based on a valuation report prepared by a Mexican investment bank. We used the proceeds from the sale of 60% of our shares in SETA to provide cash collateral to creditors to release Mr. Bernardo Quintana’s and his family’s guarantees.
As required by our bylaws at the time, the El Cajon-related transactions, including the sale of SETA, were reviewed by our audit committee and were authorized by our executive committee and our board of directors.
SETA Loans
As of December 31, 2007, SETA has loans with related parties amounting to U.S.$37.7 million, of which U.S.$30.9 million is owed to Aeroinvest and the remaining U.S.$6.8 million is owed to our joint venture partner, ADPM. The amounts owed to Aeroinvest mature in 2014 and 2015 and are payable annually beginning in September 2004, with annual interest at LIBOR plus 4.5%.
GACN Construction Services
We periodically perform construction and related services for GACN. In 2007, we received approximately U.S.$15.6 million in connection with such services. All such services were on terms we believe are at arms length.
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, our board of directors, in accordance with the opinion of the corporate practices committee, has approved rules applicable to all related party transactions which include certain exceptions based on minimum thresholds.
For a description of other related party transactions, see note 26 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Item 8. | Financial Information |
See “Item 18. Financial Statements” beginning onpage F-1.
LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
We are party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Other than as disclosed in this annual report, we are not currently involved in any litigation or arbitration proceeding, including any proceeding that is pending or threatened of which we are aware, which we believe will have, or has had, a material adverse effect on us. Other legal proceedings pending against or involve us and our subsidiaries are incidental to the conduct of our and their business and we believe will be resolved in our favor or with an insignificant effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flow. We believe that the ultimate disposition of such other proceedings individually or on an aggregate basis will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
Malla Vial
We were involved in litigation with the Institute for Urban Development, or IDU(Instituto de Desarrollo Urbano), an agency of the municipal government of Bogota, Colombia, in charge of public works projects. The litigation concerns the Malla Vial Project a street network refurbishment project in Bogota that was awarded to us in 1997. In April 2002, an arbitration tribunal in Colombia issued an award in favor of the IDU for 5,092 Colombian pesos (approximately U.S.$2.7 million as of March 2008) as compensation for our alleged breach of contract. In 2007 the IDU obtained a judicial recognition of the arbitration award in Mexico. ICA has filed a motion requiring the Mexican judge to determine the equivalent amount of the arbitration award in Mexican pesos. As of March 2008, the approximate equivalent amount of the award is Ps.30 million.
The IDU has filed a claim in a Colombian court against us for liquidated damages for breach of the contract in an amount of approximately U.S.$4.7 million and has made a claim against the bonding company for the return of the advance payment that had not yet been amortized. We have counterclaimed and demanded
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indemnification and damages in an amount of U.S.$17.8 million. In December 2004, an administrative tribunal ordered the consolidation of all of these claims into one case. Regarding the claim against the bonding company, the tribunal has ordered a suspension of any actions against the bonding company until the counterclaim filed by ICA is resolved, provided that such suspension should not last more than 3 years.
Puerto Rico Light Rail System
In 2004, the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Office of the Inspector General began to investigate the Puerto Rico light rail system. We understand that the U.S. Department of Transportation’s investigation extends to other contractors working on the light rail system. In connection with the investigation, on March 8, 2004, ICA Miramar received a subpoena for the production of documents from the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Office of the Inspector General. We cooperated with the U.S. Department of Transportation’s investigation and have received no further subpoenas. There can be no assurance as to the results of this investigation or that we will not be named a party to any proceedings.
On September 22, 2005, the Puerto Rico Highway and Transportation Authority, or the HTA, ICA Miramar’s client, filed a claim against ICA Miramar for indemnity in an ongoing litigation between the HTA and its principal contractor for the project. The underlying lawsuit was filed on December 24, 2003 and the counterclaim by the HTA was filed on November 23, 2004. ICA Miramar estimates the indemnity and liquidated damages claims could result in liability in excess of U.S.$4 million. The litigation is currently in the discovery phase, and all motions have been stayed pending assignment of a new judge.
Corredor Sur
In 1995, the Panamanian Ministry of Public Works(Ministerio de Obras Publicas)awarded ICA Panama, a30-year concession for the construction, operation and maintenance of the Corredor Sur highway, afour-lane, 19.8 kilometer highway. The concession was granted in August 1996.
The concession agreement provides for our compensation in part by the right to retain the revenue derived from the operation of the highway and in part by the development and sale of certain land and marine-fill areas received as part of our consideration from the Panamanian government. As of December 31, 2005, we had developed and sold 99% of the properties we have received from the Panamanian government, the proceeds of which were used to finance construction of the highway and repay loans incurred to finance the real estate portion of the project. Under the concession agreement, the estimated net revenues from the sale of these properties are U.S.$75 million.
On December 30, 2004, in response to a claim brought by a private citizen, the Supreme Court of Panama declared unconstitutional the final phrase and paragraph of Article 2 of Law No. 5 of 1988, which provides that one of the methods by which the government can compensate a concessionaire is by granting rights to a concessionaire to fill marine areas that become real estate assets which in turn the government transfers to the concessionaire, as private property. Specifically, the court ruled that under the Panamanian Constitution, the sea and seabed belong to the State, for public use, and therefore could not be privately appropriated. Under the concession contract, we were granted the right to create an additional 35 hectares of land by filling the shallow marine area located between the former Paitilla Airport and the Atlapa Convention Center for development and commercialization. The Supreme Court’s ruling may prevent us from reclaiming the remainder of the marine reclamation areas to be conveyed to us under the Concession Contract and any related indemnification rights. As of March 31, 2006, 11.6 hectares remained to be conveyed to us out of 35 hectares of fill-in rights granted to us as part of the Corredor Sur concession. However, on April 25, 2005, the Supreme Court of Panama received a claim, filed by the same private citizen who brought the claim described in the preceding paragraph, requesting that certain provisions of the Corredor Sur concession relating to the transfer of real estate and marine fill-in rights by the Panamanian government to us be declared unconstitutional. The citizen claimed that the grant to us by the Panamanian government of the 29.5 hectares comprising the former Paitilla Airport and the 35 hectares of marine fill-in rights located between the former Paitilla Airport and the Atlapa Convention Center was unconstitutional and that such areas should not be appropriated for private use. The claimant requested that the Supreme Court of Panama rule that such provisions of the Corredor Sur concession
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were unconstitutional and that such ruling be given retroactive effect with respect to such transfers. On June 5, 2007, the Official Gazette of Panama published a judgment by the Panamanian Supreme Court dated December 11, 2006 in which the Court held that the clauses within the Corredor Sur concession at issue in this litigation were constitutionally permitted. Therefore, we believe the initial ruling regarding the unconstitutionality of the provisions related to appropriation of the sea and seabed will no longer affect us. We have requested from the Ministry of Public Works permission, pursuant to the specific declaration of constitutionality of the contract clauses, to recommence the filling of marine areas.
Certain constitutional claims by the same plaintiff remain pending before the Panamanian Supreme Court, against the resolutions from the Cabinet through which the State transferred to ICA Panama the filled lands, and against an Executive Decree by which an area of the former Paitilla Airport was disincorporated from the public domain and was later transferred to ICA Panama. The plaintiff seeks that these administrative acts be declared unconstitutional and that the unconstitutionality have retroactive effect on the transfers. We believe that, in accordance with the Panamanian judicial code and the preponderance of prior decisions of the Supreme Court of Panama, any such ruling should not apply retroactively. In the event of any adverse ruling that applies retroactively, the Panamanian civil code provides that third party transferees of property acquired in good faith from sellers with registered title which does not appear defective based on information recorded with the land registry may not have their title declared null and, therefore, such transferees would not suffer any damages attributable to us. The transfers from the Panamanian government to us and from us to the third party purchasers have been duly recorded in the appropriate land registry.
Ciudad Juarez Airport
In 1991, parties purporting to be former owners of land comprising a portion of GACN’s Ciudad Juarez International Airport initiated legal proceedings against the airport to reclaim the land, alleging that it was improperly transferred to the Mexican government. As an alternative to recovery of this land, the claimants also sought monetary damages of U.S.$120 million. On May 18, 2005, a Mexican court ordered GACN to return the disputed land to the plaintiffs. An appellate court later vacated the May 18 court order regarding the return of the land. However that decision, and three subsequent constitutional claims(juicios de amparo), permitted the case to be reconsidered, and as a result of such constitutional claims, the original claimants must now include the Ministry of Communications and Transportation as a party to the litigation since the Ministry of Communications and Transportation is the grantor of the concession title to the Ciudad Juarez Airport. In the event that any subsequent action results in a decision substantially similar to the May 18, 2005 court order or otherwise adverse to GACN, and the Mexican government does not subsequently exercise its power of eminent domain to retake possession of the land for our use, which we believe the terms of its concessions would require, our concession to operate the Ciudad Juarez Airport would terminate. In 2006 and 2007, our Ciudad Juarez International Airport represented 5.3% and 5.8%, respectively, of GACN’s revenue. Although we believe and have been advised by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation that under the terms of GACN’s concessions the termination of its Ciudad Juarez concession would not affect the validity of its remaining airport concessions and that the Mexican federal government would be obligated to indemnify GACN against any monetary or other damages resulting from the termination of its Ciudad Juarez concession or a definitive resolution of the matter in favor of the plaintiffs, there can be no assurance that we would be so indemnified.
Property Tax Claims by Certain Municipalities
Administrative law proceedings have been asserted against us by the municipalities of Chihuahua, Ciudad Juarez, Reynosa, Tampico, Mazatlan and Zihuatanejo for the payment of property taxes with respect to the real property on which we operate our airports in those cities. The total amount of the property-tax claims outstanding, as recently updated to reflect additional amounts claimed since the proceedings were first asserted, in each of Reynosa, Tampico, Zihuatanejo, Chihuahua and Ciudad Juarez are Ps.59.5 million, Ps.1.02 million, Ps.1.6 million, Ps.25.3 million and Ps.1.8 million (nominal value), respectively, although any of these amounts could increase if the underlying claims are not resolved in our favor. In April, 2008, the proceeding in Chihuahua was dismissed. On May 9, 2008, the Municipality of Tampico notified the Tampico
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Airport of the dismissal of the claim. Other municipalities where we operate our airports could assert similar claims.
On June 27, 2006, the municipality of Zihuatanejo issued a decree assessing taxes of Ps.4.3 million (nominal value) and a fine of Ps.4.3 million (nominal value) in respect of property tax liability for the period from 1996 to 2000. Pursuant to the decree, the municipality seized and attached two bank accounts of the Zihuatanejo International Airport and garnished rent paid by tenants located on concession property. These two bank accounts contained no funds at the time of their seizure. The monthly amount of rent subject to garnishment is approximately Ps.88,442. We have filed claims seeking to (i) annul the assessment of the fine on substantive and procedural grounds, (ii) stay the seizure and attachment pending appeal and final resolution of our legal challenge to the constitutionality of the underlying tax liability and (iii) recover amounts paid by Zihuatanejo International Airport’s tenants to the municipality as a result of the ordered garnishment. On April 23, 2008 the Administrative Court reached a resolution favorable to us which nullified the claim of Ps. 8.6 million, and as a consequence only a claim for Ps. 1.6 million is pending resolution in an administrative procedure before the Administrative Court. We anticipate that the municipality may issue additional decrees assessing property taxes in respect of the period from 2000 to the present.
On May 14, 2007, the municipality of Reynosa gave notice of an update to the amount of property taxes and fines claimed of Ps. 59.2 million (nominal value) (in addition to the Ps 0.3 claimed in 2004). We have filed claims contesting any obligation to pay any property tax, the newly updated amount claimed by the municipality and seeking to annul the assessment of the taxes and fines on constitutional grounds. We anticipate that the municipality may issue additional decrees assessing property taxes claimed in respect of subsequent periods.
We do not believe that liabilities related to any claims or proceedings against us are likely to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations because, should a court determine that these taxes must be paid in response to any future proceedings, we believe that only the owners of the land should be responsible for paying these taxes directly, and the obligation to pay these taxes is not otherwise contemplated in the terms of our concessions. The Mexican government has not acknowledged an obligation to pay such taxes, however, and changes to the Mexican Constitution and other applicable laws could render it liable to municipalities for property taxes in the future. We cannot predict the amount of any such future tax liabilities or the criteria that would be used to determine them. If such changes were to occur and any amounts owed were substantial, these resulting tax liabilities could have a materially adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
Other Mexican airport operators contesting the assessment of similar property tax claims have been required to post surety bonds in connection with their challenge of those assessments. If we are required to post similar surety bonds in the future, the terms of the surety bonds may restrict our ability to pay dividends or otherwise limit our flexibility.
Rodio Kronsa
Due to a dispute between ICA and our partner in the Rodio-Kronsa joint venture (Soletanche Bachy France or SBF) regarding indirect change of control in SBF, we received an International Chamber of Commerce arbitration demand from SBF, seeking declaratory judgment that its indirect sale did not violate our shareholder agreement. We filed our answer on June 8, 2007, seeking dismissal of the arbitration and a declaration that we have a pre-emptive right to acquire our partner’s interest in the venture. On January 10, 2008, SBF filed its statement of claim and on March 6, 2008 ICA filed its statement of defense. The arbitration is currently in the discovery phase.
Tejocotal — Nuevo Necaxa Highway Litigation
On July 5, 2007, Rafael Francisco Alvarez Guzman initiated a lawsuit against us claiming damages for alleged effects to four bodies of water near the Nuevo Necaxa-Tejocotal highway to which the National Water Commission(Comision Nacional de Aguas), or CAN, has granted him a concession for 40 years, which
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damage allegedly prevented his use of the water for commercial purposes. The claimant sought monetary damages of Ps.2,792 million based on his inability to sell the water toCoca-Cola, with which he has alleged to have a contract. The claimant also seeks monetary damages of Ps.5,584 million on the same basis with respect to Akuaforest, Enterprise S.A. de C.V., or Akuaforest, of which the plaintiff purports to have nearly 100% ownership. Additionally, Akuaforest claims damages of Ps.1.778 million to facilities on its properties allegedly caused by us.
The co-defendants in the case are the Ministry of Communications and Transportation and the Bridge and Highway Trust of the Gulf of Mexico. We contest these claims, including on the basis that our participation in the project was in accordance with the terms the Ministry of Communications and Transportation set in the bidding rules and its instructions.
Environmental Matters
There are currently no material legal or administrative proceedings pending against us with respect to any environmental matter in Mexico or the United States.
DIVIDENDS
We did not pay dividends in respect of our ordinary shares in any year between 2000 and 2007 and do not anticipate paying dividends in 2008.
The declaration, amount and payment of dividends are approved by the shareholders, upon the recommendation of the board of directors, and may only be paid from retained earnings from accounts previously approved by our shareholders, provided that the legal reserves have been duly created and losses for prior fiscal years have been paid. If our shareholders approve the payment of dividends, the amount of the dividends will depend upon our operating results, financial condition and capital requirements, and upon general business conditions. A number of our loan agreements contain covenants that restrict the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to make capital distributions to us and, accordingly, may affect our ability to pay dividends.
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
Except as identified in this annual report onForm 20-F, no significant change in our financial condition has occurred since the date of the most recent audited consolidated financial statements contained in this annual report.
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Item 9. | The Offer and Listing |
TRADING
Since April 9, 1992, our shares and the ADSs have been listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the NYSE, respectively. The ADSs have been issued by The Bank of New York as depositary. Each ADS represents twelve CPOs, issued by Banamex as the CPO trustee for a Mexican CPO trust. Each CPO represents an interest in one share held in the CPO trust. Since April 9, 1992, the ADSs also have been quoted on the Developing Markets Sector of the International Stock Exchange of the United Kingdom and The Republic of Ireland Ltd.
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The following table sets forth, for the five most recent full financial years, the annual high and low market prices for the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange and the shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mexican Stock
| | | | | | |
| | Exchange | | New York Stock Exchange | |
| | Pesos per Share | | U.S. dollars per ADS | |
| | High | | Low | | High | | | Low | |
|
2003 | | | 15 | .6 | | | 6 | .08 | | | 7.64 | | | | 3.00 | |
2004 | | | 26 | .1 | | | 16 | .74 | | | 9.80 | | | | 6.08 | |
2005(1) | | | 29 | .4 | | | 22 | .5 | | | 10.80 | | | | 8.36 | |
2006 | | | 42 | .63 | | | 25 | .54 | | | 15.75 | | | | 9.80 | |
2007(2) | | | 75 | .48 | | | 38 | .65 | | | 28.04 | | | | 13.90 | |
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(1) | | Trading prices for our common stock and ADSs in 2005 are stated on a post-reverse split basis. See “Item 3. Key Information.” |
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(2) | | Trading prices of our ADSs in 2007 are stated after giving effect to the change in the ratio of CPOs to ADSs in August 2007. See “Item 3. Key Information.” |
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low sales prices for our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the reported high and low sales prices for the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mexican Stock Exchange | | | New York Stock Exchange | |
| | Pesos per Share | | | U.S. dollars per ADS | |
| | High | | | Low | | | High | | | Low | |
|
2006: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | | 34.39 | | | | 25.54 | | | | 13.08 | | | | 9.80 | |
Second Quarter | | | 40.16 | | | | 29.99 | | | | 14.83 | | | | 10.53 | |
Third Quarter | | | 39.75 | | | | 31.35 | | | | 14.37 | | | | 11.35 | |
Fourth Quarter | | | 42.63 | | | | 36.88 | | | | 15.75 | | | | 13.71 | |
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
First Quarter | | | 43.47 | | | | 38.65 | | | | 15.8 | | | | 13.9 | |
Second Quarter | | | 54.73 | | | | 41.03 | | | | 20.33 | | | | 15.03 | |
Third Quarter | | | 74.55 | | | | 57.79 | | | | 27.45 | | | | 20.79 | |
Fourth Quarter | | | 75.48 | | | | 63.5 | | | | 28.05 | | | | 23.02 | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
January | | | 73.33 | | | | 62.90 | | | | 26.99 | | | | 23.30 | |
February | | | 71.55 | | | | 64.46 | | | | 26.62 | | | | 23.80 | |
March | | | 66.09 | | | | 59.87 | | | | 24.78 | | | | 22.06 | |
April | | | 67.82 | | | | 63.51 | | | | 25.94 | | | | 24.00 | |
May | | | 69.16 | | | | 61.81 | | | | 26.95 | | | | 23.62 | |
June (through June 10) | | | 70.99 | | | | 68.92 | | | | 27.65 | | | | 26.34 | |
On December 12, 2005 we completed a one-for-six reverse stock split in which holders of our ordinary shares received newly issued ordinary shares at a ratio of six old ordinary shares for one new ordinary share. The exchange ratio of ordinary shares and remained 1:1. Simultaneously with the reverse stock split applicably to our ordinary shares, we amended the terms of our ADSs such that the exchange ratio of CPOs to ADSs was changed to 12:1 from 6:1. The combination of these transactions resulted in the equivalent of a one-for-twelve reverse split for our ADSs. On August 30, 2007 we amended the terms of the deposit agreement relating to our ADSs such that the exchange ratio of ADSs to CPOs was changed from 1:12 to 1:4. The exchange ratio of Ordinary Shares and CPOs remained 1:1. This transaction resulted in the equivalent of a 3:1 split of the ADSs only.
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Our bylaws prohibit ownership of our shares by non-Mexican investors. As of March 31, 2008, 48.42% of our shares were represented by CPOs, and 15.1% of the CPOs were held by the depositary. As of March 31, 2008, 7.3% of our outstanding shares were represented by ADSs, and such ADSs were held by 47 holders with registered addresses in the United States. As of April 15, 2008, there were 498,080,451 shares outstanding.
As permitted by the Mexican Securities Market Law and the Rules promulgated by the Mexican Banking and Securities Commission, we may create a reserve fund from which we may repurchase our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange at prevailing prices to the extent of funds remaining in this reserve account. We created this reserve account beginning in 1992 and currently have a repurchase reserve of Ps.750,530,992.30 (nominal value in pesos) as of April 3, 2008. See “Item 10. Additional Information — Purchase by the Company of its Shares.” Any shares so repurchased will not be deemed to be outstanding for purposes of calculating any quorum or voting at a shareholders’ meeting during the period in which we own such shares. As of December 31, 1999, 2,570,000 shares had been repurchased. There have not been any repurchases since 1999. On April 3, 2008, our shareholders approved the use of Ps.750,530,992.30 (nominal value in pesos) from the repurchase reserve for the year 2008. As of April 15, 2008, there have not been any repurchases from the authorized reserve fund.
Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange
The Mexican Stock Exchange, located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Founded in 1894, it ceased operations in the early 1900s, and was reestablished in 1907. The Mexican Stock Exchange is organized as a corporation whose shares are held by brokerage firms. These firms are exclusively authorized to trade on the floor of the Exchange. Trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange takes place exclusively through an automated inter-dealer quotation system known as SENTRA, which is open between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 3:00 p.m., Mexico City time, each business day. Trading is performed electronically and is continuous. Trades in securities listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange can, subject to certain requirements, also be effected off the Exchange. Due primarily to tax considerations, however, most transactions in listed Mexican securities are effected through the Exchange. The Mexican Stock Exchange operates a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer as a means of controlling excessive price volatility. The suspension procedures will not apply to shares that are directly or indirectly (through ADSs or other equivalent instruments) quoted on a stock exchange outside Mexico. Settlement is effected two business days after a share transaction is effected on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Deferred settlement, even if by mutual agreement, is not permitted without the approval of the Mexican Banking and Securities Commission. Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange are on deposit with S.D. Indeval, S.A. de C.V., a privately-owned central securities depositary that acts as a clearing house, depositary, custodian and registrar for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions, eliminating the need for the physical transfer of shares.
The Mexican Stock Exchange is one of Latin America’s largest exchanges in terms of market capitalization, but it remains relatively small and illiquid compared to major world markets, and therefore subject to greater volatility.
As of December 31, 2007, 125 Mexican companies, excluding mutual funds, had equity listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange with a market capitalization of U.S.$399.5 billion. In 2007, the ten most actively traded equity issues (excluding banks) represented approximately 71% of the total volume of equity issues traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Although the public participates in the trading of securities, a major part of the activity of the Mexican Stock Exchange reflects transactions by institutional investors. There is no formal over-the-counter market for securities in Mexico. The market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries.
Limitations Affecting ADS Holders and CPO Holders
Each of our ADSs represents four CPOs, and each CPO represents a financial interest in one share of common stock. Each share entitles the holder thereof to one vote at any of our shareholders’ meetings. Holders of CPOs are not entitled to vote the shares underlying such CPOs. Such voting rights are exercisable only by
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the CPO trustee, which is required to vote all such shares in the same manner as the holders of a majority of the shares that are not held in the CPO trust and that are voted at the relevant meeting.
Whenever a shareholders’ meeting approves a change of corporate purpose, change of nationality or restructuring from one type of corporate form to another, any shareholder who has voted against such change or restructuring has the right to withdraw from us and receive an amount equal to the book value of its shares (in accordance with our latest balance sheet approved by the annual ordinary general meeting), provided such shareholder exercises its right to withdraw during the15-day period following the meeting at which such change or restructuring was approved. Because the CPO trustee is required to vote the shares held in the CPO trust in the same manner as the holders of a majority of the shares that are not held in the CPO trust and that are voted at the relevant meeting, appraisal rights will not be available to holders of CPOs.
Under Article 51 of the Mexican Securities Law, holders of at least 20% of our outstanding shares may have any resolution adopted by a shareholders’ meeting suspended by filing a complaint with a court of law within 15 days after the close of the meeting at which such action was taken by stating that the challenged action violates Mexican law or our corporate charter. To be entitled to relief, the holder (or the CPO trustee, in the case of CPOs) must not have attended the meeting or, if such holder attended, must have voted against the challenged action. Such relief will not be available to holders of CPOs or ADSs.
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Item 10. | Additional Information |
MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
Set forth below is a brief summary of certain significant provisions of our bylaws and Mexican law. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our bylaws, which have been filed as an exhibit to this annual report. For a description of the provisions of our bylaws relating to our board of directors and statutory auditors, see “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.”
Organization and Register
We are a sociedad anonima bursatil de capital variable organized in Mexico under the Mexican Securities Market Law(Ley del Mercado de Valores) and the Mexican Companies Law(Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles). We were registered in the Public Registry of Commerce of Mexico City on July 25, 1979, under folio number 8723.
Voting Rights
Each share entitles the holder thereof to one vote at any meeting of our shareholders. Holders of CPOs are not entitled to vote the shares underlying such CPOs. Such voting rights are exercisable only by the CPO trustee, which is required to vote all such shares in the same manner as the holders of a majority of the shares that are not held in the CPO trust and that are voted at the relevant meeting. ADR holders are entitled only to the rights of CPO holders and thus are not entitled to exercise any voting rights with respect to the shares or to attend our stockholders’ meetings.
Under Mexican Law, holders of shares of any series are entitled to vote as a class on any action that would prejudice the rights of holders of shares of such series but not rights of holders of shares of other series, and a holder of shares of such series would be entitled to judicial relief against any such action taken without such a vote. The determination whether an action requires a class vote on these grounds would initially be made by our board of directors or other party calling for shareholder action. A negative determination would be subject to judicial challenge by an affected shareholder, and the necessity for a class vote would ultimately be determined by a court. There are no other procedures for determining whether a proposed shareholder action requires a class vote, and Mexican law does not provide extensive guidance on the criteria to be applied in making such a determination.
Under the Mexican Securities Market Law and the Mexican Companies Law, the shareholders are authorized to create voting agreements. However, shareholders must notify our company of any such
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agreements and make disclosure to the public. Our bylaws require that any voting agreement that involves more than 5% of our outstanding shares be authorized by our board of directors.
Shareholders’ Meetings
General shareholders’ meetings may be ordinary meetings or extraordinary meetings. Extraordinary general meetings are those called to consider certain matters specified in Article 182 of the Mexican Companies Law, including, principally, amendments of the bylaws, liquidation, merger, spin-off, change in nationality and transformation from one type of company to another. General meetings called to consider all other matters are ordinary meetings.
An ordinary general meeting must be held during the four months following the end of each fiscal year to consider the approval of the report of our board of directors regarding our performance and our financial statements and that of certain of our subsidiaries for the preceding fiscal year, to elect directors and to determine the allocation of the profits of the preceding year. At such ordinary general meeting, any shareholder or group of shareholders representing 10% or more of the outstanding shares has the right to appoint one director. The number of directors is established by the shareholders at each annual ordinary general meeting.
The quorum for ordinary general meetings is 50% of the outstanding shares and action may be taken by a majority of the shares present. If a quorum is not present, a subsequent meeting may be called at which action may be taken by holders of a majority of the shares present regardless of the percentage of outstanding shares represented at such meeting. The quorum for extraordinary general meetings is 75% of the outstanding shares, but if a quorum is not present a subsequent meeting may be called. The quorum for each subsequent meeting is 50% of the outstanding shares. Action at any extraordinary general meeting may only be taken by holders of at least 50% of the outstanding shares provided, however, that a quorum of 85% and approval of at least 80% of the outstanding shares, will be required to approve the following (1) mergers, other than mergers with subsidiaries; and (2) amendment or deletion of the provision in the bylaws that regulate share ownership of the company, shareholders’ meetings and the board of directors.
Shareholders’ meetings may be called by the chairman of our board of directors, the chairman of audit committee or the chairman of the corporate practices committee and must be called by any such chairman upon the written request of holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital. In addition, any such chairman shall call a shareholders’ meeting at the written request of any shareholder if no shareholders’ meeting has been held for two consecutive years or if the shareholders’ meetings held during such period have not considered the preceding year’s board of director’s report or our financial statements or have not the elected directors and determined their compensation. Notice of meetings must be published in a major newspaper in Mexico City. Meetings must be held in Mexico City. A shareholder may be represented at a shareholders’ meeting by a proxy.
Holders of 20% of our outstanding shares may oppose any resolution adopted at a shareholders’ meeting and file a petition for a court order to suspend the resolution temporarily within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the action was taken, provided that the challenged resolution violates Mexican law or our bylaws and the opposing shareholders neither attended the meeting nor voted in favor of the challenged resolution. In order to obtain such a court order, the opposing shareholder must deliver a bond to the court in order to secure payment of any damages that we may suffer as a result of suspending the resolution in the event that the court ultimately rules against the opposing shareholder. Shareholders representing at least 10% of the shares present at a shareholders’ meeting may request to postpone a vote on a specific matter on which they consider themselves to be insufficiency informed.
Dividend Rights
At the annual ordinary general meeting, our board of directors submits to the shareholders for their approval our financial statements and of certain of our subsidiaries. Five percent of our net earnings must be allocated to a legal reserve fund, until such fund reaches an amount equal to at least 20% of our share capital. Additional amounts may be allocated to other reserve funds as the shareholders determine. The remaining balance, if any, of net earnings may be distributed as dividends on the shares. Cash dividends on the shares
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will be paid against surrender to us of the relevant dividend coupon registered in the name of the holder thereof.
Holders of CPOs are entitled to receive the economic benefits corresponding to the shares underlying the CPOs, at the time that we declare and pay dividends or make distributions to stockholders, and to receive the proceeds of the sale of such shares at the termination of the CPO trust agreement. The CPO trustee will distribute cash dividends and other cash distributions received by it in respect of the shares held in the CPO trust to the holders of the CPOs in proportion to their respective holdings, in each case in the same currency in which they were received. Dividends paid with respect to shares underlying the CPOs will be distributed to the holders (including the depositary) on the business day on which the funds are received by Indeval on behalf of the CPO trustee.
If our distribution consists of a dividend in shares, such shares will be held in the CPO trust and the CPO trustee will distribute to the holders of outstanding CPOs, in proportion to their holdings, additional CPOs in an aggregate number equal to the aggregate number of shares received by the CPO trustee as such dividend. If the maximum amount of CPOs that may be delivered under the CPO deed would be exceeded as a result of a dividend in shares, a new CPO deed would need to be entered into setting forth that new CPOs (including those CPOs exceeding the number of CPOs authorized under the CPO deed) may be issued. In the event that the CPO trustee receives any distribution with respect to shares held in the CPO trust other than in the form of cash or additional shares, the CPO trustee will adopt such method as it may deem legal, equitable and practicable to effect the distribution of such property.
If we offer or cause to be offered to the holders of shares the right to subscribe for additional shares, subject to applicable law, the CPO trustee will offer to each holder of CPOs the right to instruct the CPO trustee to subscribe for such holder’s proportionate share of such additional shares (subject to such holder’s providing the CPO trustee with the funds necessary to subscribe for such additional shares). Neither the CPO trustee nor we are obligated to register such rights, or the related shares, under the Securities Act. If the offering of rights is possible, under applicable law and without registration under the Securities Act or otherwise, and CPO holders provide the CPO trustee with the necessary funds, the CPO trustee will subscribe for the corresponding number of shares, which will be placed in the CPO trust, and deliver additional CPOs through Indeval in respect of such shares to the applicable CPO holders pursuant to the CPO deed or, to the extent possible, pursuant to a new CPO deed.
According to Mexican law, dividends or other distributions and the proceeds from the sale of the shares held in the CPO trust that are not received or claimed by a CPO holder within three years from the receipt of such dividends or distributions or ten years from such sale will become the property of the estate of the Mexican Ministry of Health.
The Bank of New York as depository, is required to convert, as soon as possible, into U.S. dollars, all cash dividends and other cash distributions denominated in Mexican pesos (or any other currency other than U.S. dollars) that it receives in respect of the deposited CPOs, and to distribute the amount received to the holders of American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, in proportion to the number ADSs evidenced by such holder’s ADRs without regard to any distinctions among holders on account of exchange restrictions or the date of delivery of any ADR or ADRs or otherwise. The amount distributed will be reduced by any amounts to be withheld by us, the CPO trustee and the depositary, including amounts on account of any applicable taxes and certain other expenses. If the depositary determines that in its judgment any currency other than U.S. dollars received by it cannot be so converted on a reasonable basis and transferred, the depositary may distribute such foreign currency received by it or in its discretion hold such foreign currency (without liability for interest) for the respective accounts of the ADR holders entitled to receive the same.
If we declare a dividend in, or free distribution of, additional shares, upon receipt by or on behalf of the depositary of additional CPOs from the CPO trustee, the depositary may with our approval, and shall if we so request, distribute to the holders of outstanding ADRs, in proportion to the number of ADSs evidenced by their respective ADRs, additional ADRs evidencing an aggregate number of ADSs that represents the number of CPOs received as such dividend or free distribution. In lieu of delivering ADRs for fractional ADSs in the event of any such distribution, the depositary will sell the amount of CPOs represented by the aggregate of
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such fractions and will distribute the net process to holders of ADRs in accordance with the deposit agreement. If additional ADRs (other than ADRs for fractional ADSs) are not so distributed, each ADS shall thereafter also represent the additional CPOs distributed in respect of the CPOs represented by such ADS prior to such dividend or free distribution.
Changes in Share Capital and Pre-emptive Rights
The fixed portion of our capital stock may only be increased or decreased by resolution of an extraordinary general meeting, whereas the variable portion of our capital stock may be increased or decreased by resolution of an ordinary general meeting.
In the event of a capital increase, each holder of existing shares has a preferential right to subscribe for a sufficient number of new shares to maintain the holder’s existing proportionate holding of shares. Pre-emptive rights must be exercised within 15 days after publication of a notice of the capital increase in the Official Gazette of the Federation(Diario Oficial de la Federacion)or they will lapse. Pre-emptive rights may not be waived in advance by a shareholder except under limited instances, and cannot be represented by an instrument that is negotiable separately from the corresponding share. Shares issued by us in connection with an increase in its variable capital, with respect to which pre-emptive rights have not been exercised, may be sold by us on terms previously approved by the shareholders’ meeting or the board of directors, but in no event below the price at which they had been offered to shareholders.
Holders of CPOs or ADSs that are U.S. persons or are located in the United States may be restricted in their ability to participate in the exercise of such pre-emptive rights.
Shares issued under Article 53 of the Mexican Securities Market Law (which are those held in treasury to be delivered upon their subscription) may be offered for subscription and payment by the board of directors without preemptive rights being applicable, provided that the issuance is made to effect a public offering in accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law.
Limitations on Share Ownership
Our bylaws prohibit ownership of the shares by foreign investors. Any acquisition of shares in violation of such provision would be null and void under Mexican law and such shares would be canceled and our share capital accordingly reduced. Non-Mexican nationals may, however, hold financial interests in shares through the CPOs issued under the CPO trust.
Pursuant to our amended bylaws, significant acquisitions of shares of our capital stock and changes of control require prior approval of our board of directors. Our board of directors must authorize in advance any transfer of voting shares of our capital stock that would result in any person or group becoming a holder of 5% or more of our shares. Any acquisition of shares of our capital stock representing more than 15% of our capital stock by a person or group of persons requires the purchaser to make a public offer for the greater of:
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| • | the percentage of shares sought, or |
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| • | 10 percent of the total shares. |
If the tender offer is oversubscribed, shares sold will be allocated on a pro rata basis among the selling shareholders. If the authorized purchase of shares is for the intent of acquiring control of us, the purchaser must make an offer to purchase 100 percent of the shares.
The public offer to purchase must be made at the same price for all shares. The offer price is required to be highest of:
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| • | the book value of the shares, |
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| • | the highest closing price on the Mexican Stock exchange during the 365 days preceding the date of the authorization, or |
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| • | the highest price paid at any time by the persons intending to purchase the shares. |
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the board of directors may authorize that the public offer be made at a different price, which may be based the prior approval of the audit committee and an independent valuation.
These provisions shall not apply in cases of transfer of shares as a result of death, the repurchase or amortization of shares, subscription of shares in exercise of preferential rights, or by us and our subsidiaries, or by the person who maintains effective control of us.
Delisting
In the event that we decide to cancel the registration of our shares with the National Registry of Securities(Registro Nacional de Valores)or the CNBV, orders this deregistration, our shareholders who are deemed to have “control” will be required to make a tender offer to purchase the shares held by minority shareholders prior to such cancellation. Shareholders deemed to have “control” are those that own a majority of our common shares, have the ability to control our shareholders’ meetings, or have the ability to appoint a majority of the members of our board of directors. The price of the offer to purchase will generally be the higher of:
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| • | the average trading price on the Mexican Stock Exchange during the last 30 days on which the shares were quoted prior to the date on which the tender offer is made; and |
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| • | the book value of the shares as reflected in our latest quarterly financial information filed with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. |
In accordance with the applicable regulations, in the event that our controlling shareholders are unable to purchase all of our outstanding shares pursuant to a tender offer, they must form a trust and contribute to it the amount required to secure payment of the purchase price offered pursuant to the tender offer to all of our shareholders that did not sell their shares pursuant to the tender offer. The trust must exist for a period of at least six months.
Controlling shareholders are not required to make a tender offer if the deregistration is approved by 95% of our shareholders. Nevertheless, the trust mechanism described in the previous paragraph still must be implemented.
Five business days prior to the commencement of the tender offer, our board of directors must make a determination with respect to the fairness of the terms of the offer, taking into account the rights of our minority shareholders, and disclose its opinion, which must refer to the justifications for the offer price. If the board of directors is precluded from making this determination as a result of a conflict of interest, the board’s resolution must be based on a fairness opinion issued by an expert selected by the audit committee.
Certain Minority Rights
Mexican law includes a number of minority shareholder protections. These minority protections include provisions that permit:
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| • | holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) to call a shareholders’ meeting. |
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| • | holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital (represented by shares or CPOs) to bring an action for civil liabilities against our directors, members of the audit committee and secretary of Board, if |
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| • | the claim covers all of the damage alleged to have been caused by us and not merely the damage suffered by the plaintiff, and |
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| • | any recovery is for our benefit and not the benefit of the plaintiffs; |
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| • | holders of at least 10% of our shares who are entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) at any shareholders’ meeting to request that resolutions, with respect to any matter on which were not sufficiently informed, be postponed; |
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| • | holders of at least 20% of our outstanding share capital to contest and suspend any shareholder resolution, subject to certain requirements under Mexican law; and |
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| • | holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital to appoint one member of our board of directors. |
Other Provisions
Duration
Our existence is unlimited, but may be terminated by resolution of an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders.
Conflict of Interest
A shareholder that votes on a business transaction in which the shareholder’s interest conflicts with our interest may be liable for damages, but only if the transaction would not have been approved without the vote of such shareholder. In addition, any director who has a conflict of interest with us relating to a proposed transaction, must disclose the conflict and refrain from voting on the transaction or may be liable for damages.
Appraisal Rights
Whenever a shareholders’ meeting approves a change of corporate purpose, change of nationality or restructuring from one type of corporate form to another, any shareholder who has voted against such change or restructuring has the right to withdraw and receive an amount equal to the book value of its shares (in accordance with the latest balance sheet approved by the annual ordinary general meeting), provided such shareholder exercises its right to withdraw during the 15 day period following the meeting at which such change or restructuring was approved. Because the CPO trustee is required to vote the shares held in the CPO trust in the same manner as the holders of a majority of the shares that are not held in the CPO trust and that are voted at the relevant meeting, appraisal rights will not be available to holder of CPOs.
Purchase by the Company of its Shares
We may purchase shares for cancellation pursuant to a decision of our extraordinary general meeting of shareholders. We may also repurchase shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange at the then prevailing market prices. Any such repurchase must be approved by our board of directors, and must be paid for using shareholders’ equity. If, however, the repurchased shares will be converted into treasury shares, we may allocate our capital toward such repurchases. The corporate rights corresponding to such repurchased shares may not be exercised during the period in which such shares are owned by us, and such shares will not be deemed to be outstanding for purposes of calculating any quorum or vote at a shareholders’ meeting during such period. The repurchased shares (including any received as dividends) must be resold on the Mexican Stock Exchange.
Purchase of Shares by Subsidiaries of the Company
Companies or other entities controlled by us may not purchase, directly or indirectly, shares or shares of companies or entities that are our shareholders.
Rights of Shareholders
The protections afforded to minority shareholders under Mexican law are different from those in the United States and many other jurisdictions. The substantive law concerning fiduciary duties of directors has not been the subject of extensive judicial interpretation in Mexico, unlike many states in the United States where duties of care and loyalty elaborated by judicial decisions help to shape the rights of minority shareholders. Mexican civil procedure does not contemplate class actions or shareholder derivative actions, which permit shareholders in U.S. courts to bring actions on behalf of other shareholders or to enforce rights of the corporation itself. Shareholders cannot challenge corporate action taken at a shareholders’ meeting unless they meet certain procedural requirement, as described above under “Shareholders’ Meetings.”
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As a result of these factors, in practice it may be more difficult for our minority shareholders to enforce rights against us or our directors or controlling shareholders than it would be for shareholders of a U.S. company.
In addition, under the U.S. securities laws, as a foreign private issuer we are exempt from certain rules that apply to domestic U.S. issuers with equity securities registered under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including the proxy solicitation rules, the rules requiring disclosure of share ownership by directors, officers and certain shareholders. We are also exempt from certain of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities
We are organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling person reside outside the United States. In addition, all or a substantial portion of our subsidiaries and their assets are located in Mexico. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons. It may also be difficult to enforce against them, either inside or outside the United States, judgments obtained against them in U.S. courts, or to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against them in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States, in any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws. There is doubt as to the enforceability against such persons in Mexico, whether in original actions or in actions to enforce judgments of U.S. courts, of liability based solely on the U.S. federal securities laws.
MATERIAL CONTRACTS
In the past two years, we have entered into the following material contracts: (1) the Stock Purchase Agreement between GACN, the Mexican Federal Government through the Ministry of Communications and Transportation and Aeroinvest through which we acquired a 36% interest in GACN, (2) the Amended and Restated Airport Concession Agreement relating to the Monterrey Airport, (3) Participation Agreement and Amendment No. 1 thereto among GACN, the Mexican Federal Government through the Ministry of Communications and Transportation, Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., Bancomext, and Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares (4) the stock purchase agreement between VASA, S.A. and Aeroinvest for the acquisition of 37.25% interest in SETA. and (5) a U.S.$910 million syndicated loan agreement (comprised of three related agreements) for the construction of the La Yesca hydroelectric project between West LB (as arranger) and CPH. The material terms of these agreements are described above under “Item 4. Information about the Company.”
EXCHANGE CONTROLS
Mexico has had free market for foreign exchange since 1991 and the government has allowed the Mexican peso to float freely against the U.S. dollar since December 1994. There can be no assurance that the government will maintain its current foreign exchange policies. See “Item 3. Key Information — Exchange Rates.”
TAXATION
The following summary contains a description of the principal U.S. federal income and Mexican federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of CPOs or ADSs by a holder that is a citizen or resident of the United States or a U.S. domestic corporation or that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the CPOs or ADSs (a “U.S. holder”), but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase CPOs or ADSs. In particular, the summary deals only with U.S. holders that will hold CPOs or ADSs as capital assets and does not address the tax treatment of U.S. holders that own (or are deemed to own) 10% or more of our voting shares or that may be subject to special tax rules, such as banks, insurance companies, dealers in securities or currencies, persons that will hold CPOs or ADSs as a position in a “straddle” for tax purposes and persons that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar.
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The summary is based on tax laws of the United States and the federal income tax laws of Mexico as in effect on the date of this annual report, including the provisions of the income tax treaty between the United States and Mexico (and the protocols thereto), or the Tax Treaty, which are subject to change. Holders of CPOs or ADSs should consult their own tax advisers as to the U.S., Mexican or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of CPOs or ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws.
For purposes of this summary, the term “non-resident holder” means a holder that is not a resident of Mexico and that will not hold CPOs or ADSs or a beneficial interest therein in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment in Mexico.
For purposes of Mexican taxation, a natural person is a resident of Mexico, among other circumstances, if he has established his home or his vital interests in Mexico, or if more than 50% of his income in any calendar year is from Mexican sources, or if his main center of professional activity is located in Mexico. Natural persons that are employed by the Mexican government will be deemed to be a resident of Mexico, even if their center of vital interests is in another country. A legal entity is a resident of Mexico either if it has its principal place of business or its place of effective management in Mexico. If a non-resident has a permanent establishment in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to such permanent establishment will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable tax laws.
In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs or CPOs will be treated as the beneficial owners of the shares represented by those ADSs or CPOs.
Taxation of Dividends
Mexican Tax Considerations
Under Mexican income tax law, dividends, either in cash or in kind, paid to non-resident holders with respect to the shares represented by the ADSs or CPOs are not subject to any Mexican withholding or similar tax.
U.S. Tax Considerations
The gross amount of any dividends paid with respect to the shares represented by ADSs or CPOs generally will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder on the day on which the dividends are received by the CPO trustee (which will be the same date as the date of receipt by the Depositary) and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. Dividends, which will be paid in Mexican pesos, will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the day they are received by the CPO trustee. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any Mexican pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to receipt. Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual prior to January 1, 2011 with respect to the ADSs will be subject to taxation at a maximum rate of 15% if the dividends are “qualified dividends.” Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (1) the ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States and (2) we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. The ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and will qualify as readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States so long as they are so listed. Based on our audited financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2007 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC for our 2008 taxable year.
Based on existing guidance, it is not entirely clear whether dividends received with respect to the ordinary shares and CPOs will be treated as qualified dividends, because the ordinary shares and CPOs are not themselves listed on a U.S. exchange. In addition, the U.S. Treasury has announced its intention to promulgate
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rules pursuant to which holders of ADSs or ordinary stock and intermediaries through whom such securities are held will be permitted to rely on certifications from issuers to establish that dividends are treated as qualified dividends. Because such procedures have not yet been issued, it is not clear whether we will be able to comply with them. Holders of ADSs, CPOs and ordinary shares should consult their own tax advisers regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in the light of their own particular circumstances.
Dividends generally will constitute foreign source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Distributions to holders of additional shares with respect to their ADSs or CPOs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
A holder of CPOs or ADSs that is anon-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received on CPOs or ADSs, unless such income is effectively connected with the conduct by thenon-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States.
Taxation of Dispositions of ADSs or CPOs
Mexican Tax Considerations
Gain on the sale or other disposition of ADSs by a non-resident holder will not be subject to Mexican tax. Deposits of CPOs in exchange for ADSs and withdrawals of CPOs in exchange for ADSs will not give rise to Mexican tax or transfer duties.
Gain on the sale of CPOs by a non-resident holder will not be subject to any Mexican tax if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or a securities market approved by the Ministry of Finance and Public Credit. If these requirements are not met, the gain on the sale of CPOs or shares by a non-resident holder entity will be subject to a 5% Mexican withholding tax on the price obtained without any deductions allowed, if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange and provided certain requirements set forth by the Mexican income tax law are complied with. Alternatively, the non-resident holder can choose to be subject to a 25% withholding rate on the gain obtained which gain should be calculated pursuant to Mexican income tax law provisions.
Gain on sales or other dispositions of CPOs or shares made in other circumstances generally would be subject to Mexican tax, regardless of the nationality or residence of the transferor. However, under the Tax Treaty, a holder that is eligible to claim the benefits of the Tax Treaty will be exempt from Mexican tax on gains realized on a sale or other disposition of CPOs or shares in a transaction that is not carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or such other approved securities markets, so long as the holder did not own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of our capital stock (including ADSs) within the12-month period preceding such sale or other disposition.
U.S. Tax Considerations
Gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of ADSs or CPOs will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the disposition and such U.S. holder’s tax basis in the ADSs or the CPOs. Gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on such sale, redemption or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the disposition, the ADSs or the CPOs have been held for more than one year. The net amount of long-term capital gain recognized by an individual is taxed at reduced rate of tax. Deposits and withdrawals of CPOs by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Gain, if any, realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of CPOs or ADSs will be treated as U.S. source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes. Consequently if a Mexican withholding tax is imposed on the sale or disposition of CPOs, a U.S. holder that does not receive significant foreign source income from other sources may not be able to derive effective U.S. foreign tax credit benefits in respect of these Mexican taxes. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the foreign tax credit rules to their investment in, and disposition of CPOs.
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Anon-U.S. holder of CPOs or ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale of CPOs or ADSs, unless:
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| • | such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by thenon-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States, or |
|
| • | in the case of gain realized by an individualnon-U.S. holder, thenon-U.S. holder is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met. |
Other Mexican Taxes
There are no Mexican inheritance, gift, succession or value added taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of debentures, ADSs or CPOs by non-resident holders; provided, however, that gratuitous transfers of CPOs may in certain circumstances cause a Mexican federal tax to be imposed upon the recipient. There are no Mexican stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by non-resident holders of debentures, ADSs or CPOs.
United States Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
A U.S. holder of ADSs or CPOs may, under certain circumstances, be subject to “backup withholding” with respect to certain payments to such U.S. holder, such as dividends, or the proceeds of a sale or disposition of ADSs or CPO unless such holder (1) is a corporation or comes within certain exempt categories, and demonstrates this fact when so required, or (2) provides a correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Any amount withheld under these rules does not constitute a separate tax and will be creditable against the holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. Whilenon-U.S. holders generally are exempt from backup withholding, anon-U.S. holder may, in certain circumstances, be required to comply with certain information and identification procedures in order to prove this exemption.
DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
The materials included in this annual report onForm 20-F, and exhibits thereto, may be inspected and copied at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. The Securities and Exchange Commission maintains a World Wide Web site on the Internet athttp://www.sec.gov that contains reports and information statements and other information regarding us. The reports and information statements and other information about us can be downloaded from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website.
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Item 11. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
We are exposed to market risk from changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates. From time to time, we assess our exposure and monitor our opportunities to manage these risks. We monitor our revenue and debt composition and perform market analysis to anticipate any interest rate changes.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates. At December 31, 2007 we had outstanding approximately Ps.7,705 million of indebtedness, of which 68% bore interest at fixed interest rates, and 32% bore interest at floating rates of interest. At December 31, 2006 we had outstanding approximately Ps.14,047 million of indebtedness, of which 75% bore interest at fixed interest rates and 25% bore interest at floating rates of interest. The interest rate on our variable rate debt is determined by reference to the London inter-bank offered rate and the TIIE.
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Foreign Currency Risk
Our principal exchange rate risk involves changes in the value of the Mexican peso relative to the dollar. In 2007, approximately 37% of our consolidated revenues were denominated in foreign currencies. We estimate that approximately 36% of our consolidated costs are denominated in Mexican pesos. The majority of revenues and expenses of Rodio Kronsa are denominated in euros, so we believe we have a natural hedge for our exposure to exchange rate risk associated with our euro-denominated contracts.
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, approximately 47% and 53%, respectively, of our construction backlog was denominated in foreign currencies and approximately 40% and 83%, respectively, of our accounts receivable were denominated in foreign currencies. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, approximately 34% and 55%, respectively, of our consolidated financial assets were denominated in foreign currencies, with the balance denominated in Mexican pesos. In addition, as of December 2007 and 2006, approximately 34% and 87%, respectively, of our indebtedness was denominated in foreign currencies. Decreases in the value of the Mexican peso relative to the dollar will increase the cost in Mexican pesos of our foreign currency denominated costs and expenses and of the debt service obligations with respect to our foreign currency denominated indebtedness. A depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the dollar will also result in foreign exchange losses as the Mexican peso value of our foreign currency denominated indebtedness is increased. We generally do not hedge our exposure to the U.S. dollar with respect to the Mexican peso and other currencies; however, recently under some of our long-term credit facilities we have entered into interest rate, currency rate and foreign exchange hedges for the terms of those facilities.
Sensitivity Analysis Disclosure
In 2007 and 2006, a hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable 10% change in currency exchange rate would have resulted in additional interest expense (when conversion to pesos is effected) of approximately Ps.17 million per year and Ps.69 million per year, respectively. Such a change would have also resulted in an estimated foreign exchange loss of approximately Ps.265 million and Ps.1,209 million respectively, reflecting the increased value in Mexican pesos of our foreign currency denominated indebtedness. This sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous unfavorable 10% fluctuation in exchange rates affecting the foreign currencies in which our indebtedness is denominated.
A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in the interest rate applicable to floating-rate financial liabilities held at December 31, 2007 and 2006 would have resulted in additional financing expense of approximately Ps.30 million and Ps.97 million per year, respectively. The above sensitivity analysis is based on the assumption of an unfavorable 100 basis point movement of the interest rates applicable to each category of liabilities.
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Item 12. | Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities |
Not applicable.
PART II
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Item 13. | Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies |
None.
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Item 14. | Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds |
None.
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Item 15. | Controls and Procedures |
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2007.
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures.
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Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that as of December 31, 2007, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined inRules 13a-15(f) and15d-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;
(2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies and procedures may deteriorate. Under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management assessed the design and effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making its assessment, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO, in Internal Control — Integrated Framework.
Based on our assessment and those criteria, our management believes that our company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.
(c) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C. a member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, the independent registered public accounting firm that has audited our financial statements, has issued an attestation report on management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting. That report appears directly below.
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.:
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting, of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
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We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 of the Company and our report dated May 21, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements based on our audit and the report of the other auditors and includes explanatory paragraphs regarding (1) the nature and effect of differences between Mexican Financial Reporting Standards and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; (2) the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” effective at December 31, 2006; and (3) that our audit also comprehended the translation of Mexican peso amounts into U.S. dollar amounts in conformity with the basis stated in Note 2 to such consolidated financial statements.
Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C.
Member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
C.P.C. Arturo Vargas Arellano
Mexico City, Mexico
May 21, 2008
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(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 16A. | Audit Committee Financial Expert |
We have determined that Mr. Juan Claudio Salles Manuel, a member of our audit committee, qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” and as independent within the meaning of this Item 16A. On April 26, 2007, the shareholders affirmed in a resolution that Mr. Salles is an independent member of our board. On March 24, 2004, the audit committee acknowledged that Mr. Salles is qualified as an “Audit Committee Financial Expert.”
We have adopted a code of ethics, as defined in Item 16B ofForm 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our code of ethics applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to our directors and other officers/employees. Our code of ethics is filed as an exhibit to thisForm 20-F.
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Item 16C. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
The following table sets forth the fees billed to us by our principal accounting firm, Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C., member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, and its affiliates, which we collectively refer to as Deloitte, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Total Fees | |
| | As of December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | (Millions of
| |
| | Mexican pesos) | |
|
Fees | | | | | | | | |
Audit fees | | Ps. | 33.1 | | | Ps. | 27.7 | |
Audit-related fees | | | 4.2 | | | | 6.2 | |
Tax fees | | | 0.8 | | | | 0.2 | |
All other fees | | | 4.0 | | | | 9.6 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 42.1 | | | Ps. | 43.7 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The “audit fees” line item in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Deloitte in connection with the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, including an audit on our compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the review of our quarterly financial statements, the review of the financial statements of certain subsidiaries and other statutory audit reports.
Audit related fees include other attest services performed by Deloitte.
The “all other fees” line item in the above table is the aggregate fees billed by Deloitte related to the review of the prospectus for a proposed equity offering.
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
Our audit committee approves all audit, audit-related services, tax services and other services provided by Deloitte. Any services provided by Deloitte that are not specifically included within the scope of the audit must be pre-approved by the audit committee prior to any engagement. The audit committee is permitted to approve certain fees for audit-related services, tax services and other services pursuant to ade minimus
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exception before the completion of the engagement. In 2004, none of the fees paid to Deloitte were approved pursuant to thede minimusexception.
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Item 16D. | Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees |
None.
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Item 16E. | Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers |
The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the total number of shares purchased by us or on our behalf, or by an affiliated purchaser or on behalf of an affiliated purchaser, the average price paid per share, the total number of shares purchased as a part of a publicly announced repurchase plan or program and the maximum number (or approximate value) of shares that may yet be purchased under our plans and programs.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Total Number of
| | | Maximum Number
| |
| | | | | | | | Shares Purchased as
| | | Shares that May
| |
| | Total Number
| | | | | | Part of Publicly
| | | Yet be Purchased
| |
| | of Shares
| | | Average Price
| | | Announced Plans
| | | Under the Plans
| |
2007 | | Purchased | | | Paid per Share | | | or Programs | | | or Programs | |
|
January 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
February 1-28 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
March 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
April 1-30 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
May 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
June 1-30 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
July 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
August 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
September 1-30 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
October 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
November 1-30 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
December 1-31 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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PART III
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Item 17. | Financial Statements |
The Registrant has responded to Item 18 in lieu of this Item.
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Item 18. | Financial Statements |
Reference is made to pages F-1 to F-88 of this annual report.
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| 1 | .1 | | Amended and restated bylaws(estatutos sociales)of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. (English translation). (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 1 | .2 | | Amended and restated bylaws(estatutos sociales)of ICA-Fluor, S.A. de C.V. (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2004) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .1 | | Deposit Agreement dated April 1, 1992, as amended and restated as of June 30, 1997, among Empresas ICA Sociedad Controladora, S.A. de C.V. (currently Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.), the Bank of New York, as Depositary and Holders of American Depositary Receipts (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2004) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .2 | | Credit Agreement dated February 26, 2004, between Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Borrower and WestLB AG, New York Branch, as Facility Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .3 | | Common Agreement dated February 26, 2004, between Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Borrower, WestLB AG, New York Branch, as Intercreditor Agent and Facility Administrative Agent, Citibank, N.A., as Note Trustee, Banco Santander Central Hispano, S.A., New York Branch, as Offshore Collateral Agent and Banco Santander Mexicano, S.A., as Onshore Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .4 | | Sponsor Guarantee Agreement dated February 26, 2004 by Empresas ICA, Sociedad Controladora, S.A. de C.V. (currently Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.), in favor of Banco Santander Central Hispano, S.A., New York Branch, as Offshore Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties under the Common Agreement (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .5 | | Mexican Stock Pledge Agreement dated as of February 26, 2004 by and among Promotora E Inversora Adisa, S.A. de C.V., La Peninsular Compaia Constructora, S.A. de C.V. and Ingenieros Civiles Asociados. S.A. de C.V., as Pledgors and Banco Santander Mexicano, S.A., as Onshore Collateral Agent on behalf and for the benefit of the Secured Parties, as Pledgee, with the appearance of Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .6 | | Borrower Pledge Agreement dated February 26, 2004 by and between Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Pledgor, and Banco Santander Mexicano, S.A., as Onshore Collateral Agent on behalf and for the benefit of the Secured Parties, as Pledgee (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .7 | | Depositary Agreement dated February 26, 2004, between Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Borrower, WestLB AG, New York Branch, as Facility Administrative Agent, Citibank, N.A., as Note Trustee, Banco Santander Central Hispano, S.A., New York Branch, as Offshore Depositary Bank, and Banco Santander Mexicano, S.A., as Onshore Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
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| | | | |
| 2 | .8 | | Security Agreement dated February 26, 2004 made by Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. to Banco Santander Central Hispano, S.A., New York Branch, as Offshore Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .9 | | Note Indenture dated February 26, 2004 between Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer and Citibank, N.A., as Note Trustee (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .10 | | Noteholder Depositary Agreement dated February 26, 2004 among Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer, Citibank, N.A., as Note Trustee, and Citibank, N.A., as Noteholder Depositary Bank (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 2 | .11 | | Noteholder Security Agreement dated February 26, 2004 made by Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V., as Issuer and Citibank, N.A., as Note Trustee (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 3 | .1 | | Management Trust Agreement dated April 8, 1992, as amended on April 30, 2000 (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2000) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 3 | .2 | | CPO Trust Agreement dated May 28, 1997 (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 1996) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .1 | | Participation Agreement dated as of June 14, 2000 thereto among Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A. de C.V, the Mexican Federal Government through the Ministry of Communications and Transportation, Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., Bancomext, and Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .2 | | Amendment No. 1 dated as of December 21, 2005 to the Participation Agreement dated as of June 14, 2000 thereto among Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A. de C.V. (currently Grupo Aeroportuario Centro Norte, S.A.B. de C.V.), the Mexican Federal Government through the Ministry of Communications and Transportation, Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., Bancomext, and Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .3 | | Amended and Restated Airport Concession Agreement relating to the Monterrey Airport dated June 29, 1998 (English translation) (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .4 | | Amended and Restated Consortium Agreement dated as of July 6, 2004 among Aeroports de Paris, Aeroinvest, S.A. de C.V. and VASA S.A. (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .5 | | Amendment No. 1 dated as of December 13, 2005 to the Amended and Restated Consortium Agreement dated as of July 6, 2004 among Aeroports de Paris, Aeroinvest, S.A. de C.V. and VASA S.A. (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .6 | | Amendment No. 2 dated as of September 5, 2006 to the Amended and Restated Consortium Agreement dated as of July 6, 2004 (incorporated by reference to our annual report onForm 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007) (FileNo. 1-11080). |
| 4 | .7 | | Common Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007 among Constructora de Proyectos Hidroelectricos, S.A. de C.V., as borrower, WestLB AG, New York Branch, as intercreditor agent, the working capital facility lenders from time to time party thereto, the construction facility lenders from time to time party thereto, WestLB AG, New York Branch, as working capital administrative agent, WestLB AG, New York Branch, as construction facility administrative agent, Citibank N.A., as offshore collateral agent, Banco Nacional de Mexico, S.A., Integrante del Grupo Financiero Banamex, as onshore collateral agent, and the other lenders and lender representatives from time to time party thereto.* |
| 4 | .8 | | Construction Facility Credit Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007 among Constructora de Proyectos Hidroelectricos, S.A. de C.V., as borrower, the several construction facility lenders from time to time parties thereto and WestLB AG, New York Branch, as construction facility administrative agent.* |
108
| | | | |
| 4 | .9 | | Working Capital Facility Credit Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007 among Constructora de Proyectos Hidroelectricos, S.A. de C.V., as borrower, the several working capital facility lenders from time to time parties thereto and WestLB AG, New York Branch, as working capital facility administrative agent.* |
| 8 | .1 | | Significant subsidiaries.* |
| 11 | .1 | | Code of Ethics (English translation) as amended on January 29, 2007 (incorporated by reference to our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007) (File No. 1-11080). |
| 12 | .1 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| 12 | .2 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| 13 | .1 | | Certification under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| 15 | .1 | | Consent of Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C.* |
| 15 | .2 | | Consent of Mancera. S.C.* |
Omitted from the exhibits filed with this annual report are certain instruments and agreements with respect to our long-term debt, none of which authorizes securities or results in an incurrence of debt in a total amount that exceeds 10% of our total assets. We hereby agree to furnish to the SEC copies of any such omitted instruments or agreements as the SEC requests.
109
SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing onForm 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.
| | |
| By: | /s/ Jose Luis Guerrero Alvarez |
Name: Jose Luis Guerrero Alvarez
| | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Date: June 11, 2008
110
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Consolidated Financial Statements of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and
Subsidiaries
| | | | |
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms | | | F-2 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 | | | F-5 | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 | | | F-7 | |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 | | | F-8 | |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Financial Position for the Years Ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 | | | F-10 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | | | F-12 | |
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and changes in financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 (all expressed in thousands of Mexican pesos of purchasing power of December 31, 2007). These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We did not audit the consolidated financial statements of a certain subsidiary which statements reflect total assets constituting 12% and 11%, respectively, of consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and total revenues constituting 36%, 35% and 41%, respectively, of consolidated total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. Those financial statements were audited by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us, and our opinion, insofar as it relates to the amounts included for such company, is based solely on the report of such other auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the financial reporting standards used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and the report of the other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of the other auditors, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations, changes in their stockholders’ equity and changes in their financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“MFRS”).
MFRS vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 29 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
As discussed in Note 29, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R)”, effective December 31, 2006.
Our audits also comprehended the translation of Mexico peso amounts into U.S. dollar amounts and, in our opinion, such translation has been made in conformity with the basis stated in Note 2. The translation of the financial statement amounts into U.S. dollars and the translation of the financial statements into English have been made solely for the convenience of readers in the United States of America.
F-2
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated May 21, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Galaz, Yamazaki, Ruiz Urquiza, S.C.
Member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
C.P.C. Arturo Vargas Arellano
Mexico City, Mexico
May 21, 2008
F-3
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Partners of
ICA Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V.
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of ICA Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in net worth and changes in financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of ICA Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the consolidated results of their operations and the changes in their financial position for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with Mexican financial reporting standards, which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, as described in Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements.
| | |
| | Mancera, S.C. A Member Practice of Ernst & Young Global |
| | Luis F. Ortega |
Mexico City
April 25, 2008
F-4
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | |
| | Translation Note 2)
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
ASSETS: |
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 4) | | $ | 602 | | | Ps. | 6,575,218 | | | Ps. | 4,762,779 | |
Restricted cash (Note 4) | | | 27 | | | | 296,350 | | | | 562,258 | |
Trade accounts receivable, net (Note 5) | | | 108 | | | | 1,181,185 | | | | 863,772 | |
Contract receivables, net (Note 5) | | | 187 | | | | 2,038,398 | | | | 10,729,955 | |
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts (Note 6) | | | 340 | | | | 3,715,313 | | | | 3,867,256 | |
Other receivables, net (Note 8) | | | 98 | | | | 1,072,586 | | | | 1,073,790 | |
Inventories, net (Note 9) | | | 51 | | | | 557,546 | | | | 548,882 | |
Real estate inventories (Note 10) | | | 133 | | | | 1,453,843 | | | | 1,063,676 | |
Other current assets | | | 63 | | | | 683,259 | | | | 965,472 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | 1,609 | | | | 17,573,698 | | | | 24,437,840 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash (Note 4) | | | 21 | | | | 224,647 | | | | 291,456 | |
Non-current receivables, net | | | 21 | | | | 229,507 | | | | 111,517 | |
Real estate inventories (Note 10) | | | 87 | | | | 948,015 | | | | 698,433 | |
Investment in concessions, net (Note 11) | | | 1,296 | | | | 14,152,340 | | | | 10,087,000 | |
Investment in affiliated companies (Note 12) | | | 20 | | | | 213,532 | | | | 168,936 | |
Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 13) | | | 138 | | | | 1,503,032 | | | | 1,286,383 | |
Other assets, net (Note 14) | | | 123 | | | | 1,340,636 | | | | 770,741 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 3,315 | | | Ps. | 36,185,407 | | | Ps. | 37,852,306 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Continued)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | |
| | Translation Note 2)
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
|
LIABILITIES: |
Notes payable (Note 15) | | $ | 140 | | | Ps. | 1,526,772 | | | Ps. | 1,506,610 | |
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 18) | | | 17 | | | | 188,560 | | | | 4,957,864 | |
Trade accounts payable | | | 238 | | | | 2,599,513 | | | | 2,808,896 | |
Income taxes and statutory employee profit sharing | | | 17 | | | | 184,884 | | | | 166,275 | |
Other current liabilities (Note 16) | | | 254 | | | | 2,778,255 | | | | 2,355,556 | |
Provisions (Note 17) | | | 47 | | | | 513,569 | | | | 716,053 | |
Advances from customers | | | 95 | | | | 1,032,809 | | | | 1,992,937 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | 808 | | | | 8,824,362 | | | | 14,504,191 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt (Note 18) | | | 549 | | | | 5,990,094 | | | | 7,582,276 | |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing (Note 24) | | | 7 | | | | 80,877 | | | | 82,165 | |
Deferred income taxes (Note 20) | | | 141 | | | | 1,536,747 | | | | — | |
Other long-term liabilities (Note 17) | | | 82 | | | | 890,189 | | | | 936,285 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 1,587 | | | | 17,322,269 | | | | 23,104,917 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 21) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Note 22): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock: no par 498,029,907 and 405,177,479 shares issued and outstanding (2007 and 2006, respectively) | | | 632 | | | | 6,901,841 | | | | 5,645,005 | |
Restatement of common stock | | | 44 | | | | 475,882 | | | | 479,268 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 581 | | | | 6,345,236 | | | | 1,765,100 | |
Reserve for repurchase of shares | | | 69 | | | | 750,531 | | | | 676,531 | |
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings | | | (1 | ) | | | (7,347 | ) | | | 1,481,911 | |
Excess (insufficiency) from restatement of capital | | | 3 | | | | 35,113 | | | | (26,054 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Majority stockholders’ equity | | | 1,328 | | | | 14,501,256 | | | | 10,021,761 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries (Note 23) | | | 400 | | | | 4,361,882 | | | | 4,725,628 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 1,728 | | | | 18,863,138 | | | | 14,747,389 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 3,315 | | | Ps. | 36,185,407 | | | Ps. | 37,852,306 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007, except share and per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation Note 2)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | $ | 1,619 | | | Ps. | 17,673,993 | | | Ps. | 19,080,107 | | | Ps. | 18,542,638 | |
Real estate, concessions and other | | | 441 | | | | 4,815,026 | | | | 3,633,576 | | | | 1,462,346 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 2,060 | | | | 22,489,019 | | | | 22,713,683 | | | | 20,004,984 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Costs: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | | 1,450 | | | | 15,832,827 | | | | 17,152,305 | | | | 16,265,716 | |
Real estate, concessions and other | | | 284 | | | | 3,102,275 | | | | 2,271,861 | | | | 1,167,059 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total costs | | | 1,734 | | | | 18,935,102 | | | | 19,424,166 | | | | 17,432,775 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 326 | | | | 3,553,917 | | | | 3,289,517 | | | | 2,572,209 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 184 | | | | 2,003,509 | | | | 1,585,977 | | | | 1,450,615 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income | | | 142 | | | | 1,550,408 | | | | 1,703,540 | | | | 1,121,594 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other (income) expense, net (Note 24) | | | (2 | ) | | | (22,706 | ) | | | 87,673 | | | | (58,188 | ) |
Comprehensive financing cost (income), net (Note 25) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | 92 | | | | 999,455 | | | | 732,852 | | | | 488,336 | |
Interest income | | | (48 | ) | | | (526,431 | ) | | | (525,160 | ) | | | (419,510 | ) |
Exchange (gain), loss net | | | (8 | ) | | | (86,957 | ) | | | (37,392 | ) | | | 20,798 | |
Loss (gain) from monetary position | | | 3 | | | | 33,463 | | | | (1,471 | ) | | | 15,761 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 39 | | | | 419,530 | | | | 168,829 | | | | 105,385 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Share in income of affiliated companies (Note 12) | | | 1 | | | | 10,828 | | | | 22,438 | | | | 106,470 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | | 106 | | | | 1,164,412 | | | | 1,469,476 | | | | 1,180,867 | |
Income taxes (Note 20) | | | 178 | | | | 1,949,263 | | | | 397,742 | | | | 375,311 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net (loss) income | | $ | (72 | ) | | Ps. | (784,851 | ) | | Ps. | 1,071,734 | | | Ps. | 805,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income of majority interest | | $ | (80 | ) | | Ps. | (874,427 | ) | | Ps. | 716,398 | | | Ps. | 535,910 | |
Net income of minority interest | | | 8 | | | | 89,576 | | | | 355,336 | | | | 269,646 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net (loss) income | | $ | (72 | ) | | Ps. | (784,851 | ) | | Ps. | 1,071,734 | | | Ps. | 805,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Loss) earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Loss) income of majority interest | | $ | (0.19 | ) | | Ps. | (2.02 | ) | | Ps. | 1.77 | | | Ps. | 1.54 | |
Weighted average shares outstanding (000’s) | | | 432,198 | | | | 432,198 | | | | 404,182 | | | | 347,127 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B.DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007 except for share data) (Note 22)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Common Stock | | | Additional
| | | Reserve for
| |
| | | | | Amount | | | Paid-in
| | | Repurchase
| |
| | Shares | | | Value | | | Restatement | | | Capital | | | of Shares | |
|
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | | 310,842,352 | | | Ps. | 3,173,580 | | | Ps. | 1,485,362 | | | Ps. | 5,209,880 | | | Ps. | 1,433,229 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | 147,934 | | | | 165,427 | | | | — | |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,220,568 | ) | | | (3,660,880 | ) | | | (798,999 | ) |
Increase in minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Issuance of common stock | | | 91,814,908 | | | | 2,454,714 | | | | 271,756 | | | | 27,931 | | | | — | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 402,657,260 | | | | 5,628,294 | | | | 684,484 | | | | 1,742,358 | | | | 634,230 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | (26,582 | ) | | | (7,336 | ) | | | — | |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | — | | | | — | | | | (179,804 | ) | | | (46,021 | ) | | | 42,301 | |
Decrease in minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Issuance of common stock | | | 2,520,219 | | | | 16,711 | | | | 1,170 | | | | 76,099 | | | | — | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 405,177,479 | | | | 5,645,005 | | | | 479,268 | | | | 1,765,100 | | | | 676,531 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | (28,201 | ) | | | (8,127 | ) | | | — | |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (34,183 | ) | | | 74,000 | |
Decrease in minority interest (Note 23) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Issuance of common stock | | | 92,852,428 | | | | 1,256,836 | | | | 24,815 | | | | 4,622,446 | | | | — | |
Effect from acquisition of minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive (loss) income | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 498,029,907 | | | Ps. | 6,901,841 | | | Ps. | 475,882 | | | Ps. | 6,345,236 | | | Ps. | 750,531 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Continued)
F-8
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007 except for share data) (Note 22)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Excess
| | | Minority
| | | | |
| | Retained Earnings
| | | (Insufficiency)
| | | Interest in
| | | Total
| |
| | (Accumulated
| | | From Restatement
| | | Consolidated
| | | Stockholders’
| |
| | Deficit) | | | of Capital | | | Subsidiaries | | | Equity | |
|
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | Ps. | (4,810,985 | ) | | Ps. | (439,816 | ) | | Ps. | 541,524 | | | Ps. | 6,592,774 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | (107,753 | ) | | | (13,966 | ) | | | 17,191 | | | | 208,833 | |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | 5,232,002 | | | | 448,445 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Increase in minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | 3,866,724 | | | | 3,866,724 | |
Issuance of common stock | | | (94,715 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,659,686 | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | | | 535,910 | | | | (154,838 | ) | | | 269,646 | | | | 650,718 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 754,459 | | | | (160,175 | ) | | | 4,695,085 | | | | 13,978,735 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | (5,825 | ) | | | 674 | | | | (19,770 | ) | | | (58,839 | ) |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | 25,645 | | | | 157,879 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Decrease in minority interest | | | — | | | | — | | | | (305,023 | ) | | | (305,023 | ) |
Issuance of common stock | | | (8,766 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 85,214 | |
Comprehensive income (loss) | | | 716,398 | | | | (24,432 | ) | | | 355,336 | | | | 1,047,302 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 1,481,911 | | | | (26,054 | ) | | | 4,725,628 | | | | 14,747,389 | |
Inflation restatement factor effect | | | (9,940 | ) | | | 160 | | | | (21,761 | ) | | | (67,869 | ) |
Application of earnings from prior years | | | (74,000 | ) | | | 34,183 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Decrease in minority interest (Note 23) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (431,561 | ) | | | (431,561 | ) |
Issuance of common stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,904,097 | |
Effect from acquisition of minority interest | | | (530,891 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (530,891 | ) |
Comprehensive (loss)income | | | (874,427 | ) | | | 26,824 | | | | 89,576 | | | | (758,027 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | Ps. | (7,347 | ) | | Ps. | 35,113 | | | Ps. | 4,361,882 | | | Ps. | 18,863,138 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Concluded)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-9
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation Note 2)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net (loss) income | | $ | (72 | ) | | Ps. | (784,851 | ) | | Ps. | 1,071,734 | | | Ps. | 805,556 | |
Add (deduct) non-cash items: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 64 | | | | 698,316 | | | | 864,785 | | | �� | 780,660 | |
Deferred income tax | | | 161 | | | | 1,754,698 | | | | 209,709 | | | | 320,166 | |
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment and concessions | | | — | | | | 667 | | | | 14,690 | | | | 8,771 | |
Share in loss of affiliated companies, (net of dividends received in 2007 and 2006) | | | (1 | ) | | | (6,595 | ) | | | (15,212 | ) | | | (106,470 | ) |
Gain on sale of investments in shares | | | (1 | ) | | | (6,913 | ) | | | (11,856 | ) | | | (103,485 | ) |
Postretirement benefits | | | 5 | | | | 55,654 | | | | 43,153 | | | | 135,732 | |
(Decrease) increase in provisions for long-term liabilities | | | (4 | ) | | | (42,228 | ) | | | (429,033 | ) | | | 213,606 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 152 | | | | 1,668,748 | | | | 1,747,970 | | | | 2,054,536 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trade accounts receivable | | | (44 | ) | | | (484,960 | ) | | | (251,059 | ) | | | 130,733 | |
Contract receivables | | | 796 | | | | 8,691,557 | | | | (2,242,760 | ) | | | (3,985,976 | ) |
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts | | | 14 | | | | 151,943 | | | | (1,349,126 | ) | | | (206,334 | ) |
Advances from customers | | | (88 | ) | | | (960,128 | ) | | | 253,828 | | | | (147,491 | ) |
Other receivables and other current assets | | | (2 | ) | | | (19,632 | ) | | | (598,448 | ) | | | 677,246 | |
Inventories | | | (15 | ) | | | (170,198 | ) | | | (240,622 | ) | | | (124,415 | ) |
Real estate inventories | | | (59 | ) | | | (639,748 | ) | | | (754,783 | ) | | | 37,379 | |
Trade accounts payable | | | (19 | ) | | | (208,912 | ) | | | 731,823 | | | | 144,846 | |
Other current liabilities | | | 26 | | | | 284,240 | | | | 293,954 | | | | 487,162 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net resources generated by (used in) operating activities | | | 761 | | | | 8,312,910 | | | | (2,409,223 | ) | | | (932,314 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(Continued)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-10
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation Note 2)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net change in notes payable | | | 158 | | | | 1,722,209 | | | | 2,179,951 | | | | (1,103,681 | ) |
Proceeds from long-term debt | | | 209 | | | | 2,285,164 | | | | 1,042,042 | | | | 3,467,250 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | | 5 | | | | 52,323 | | | | 25,406 | | | | (80,682 | ) |
Effects of inflation and exchange rates on long-term debt | | | (49 | ) | | | (537,383 | ) | | | (326,166 | ) | | | (299,413 | ) |
Repayments of long-term debt | | | (895 | ) | | | (9,768,319 | ) | | | (283,949 | ) | | | (690,889 | ) |
Issuance of common stock of majority interest, net of issuance expenses for Ps.189,371, Ps.8,766 and Ps.94,715 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively | | | 541 | | | | 5,904,097 | | | | 85,214 | | | | 2,659,686 | |
Decrease in minority interest | | | (63 | ) | | | (685,402 | ) | | | (292,464 | ) | | | (264,418 | ) |
Other | | | (22 | ) | | | (242,314 | ) | | | 146,901 | | | | (196,033 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net resources (used in) generated by financing activities | | | (116 | ) | | | (1,269,625 | ) | | | 2,576,935 | | | | 3,491,820 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investment in property, plant and equipment | | | (44 | ) | | | (478,359 | ) | | | (859,155 | ) | | | (187,811 | ) |
Investment in concessions | | | (415 | ) | | | (4,531,346 | ) | | | (58,802 | ) | | | 7,033 | |
Investment in affiliated companies | | | (19 | ) | | | (205,766 | ) | | | 106,337 | | | | (361,789 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | | | 6 | | | | 70,469 | | | | (644,801 | ) | | | 39,737 | |
Loan due (from) to affiliated company | | | (4 | ) | | | (48,020 | ) | | | (150,002 | ) | | | 292,883 | |
Proportional consolidation effect | | | — | | | | — | | | | 238,945 | | | | — | |
Proceeds from sale of investments in affiliated companies | | | 2 | | | | 23,975 | | | | 10,337 | | | | 693,712 | |
Other assets | | | (35 | ) | | | (383,632 | ) | | | (187,535 | ) | | | (429,615 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net resources (used in) generated by investing activities | | | (509 | ) | | | (5,552,679 | ) | | | (1,544,676 | ) | | | 54,150 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 136 | | | | 1,490,606 | | | | (1,376,964 | ) | | | 2,613,656 | |
Effects of inflation and exchange rate changes on cash | | | (1 | ) | | | (10,884 | ) | | | (18,581 | ) | | | (21,407 | ) |
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 515 | | | | 5,616,493 | | | | 7,012,038 | | | | 4,419,789 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 650 | | | Ps. | 7,096,215 | | | Ps. | 5,616,493 | | | Ps. | 7,012,038 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-11
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007)
Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. (“ICA” or together with its subsidiaries “the Company”) is a holding company, the subsidiaries of which are engaged in a wide range of construction and related activities including the construction of infrastructure facilities as well as industrial, urban and housing construction, for both the Mexican public and private sectors. ICA’s subsidiaries are also involved in the construction, maintenance and operation of highways, bridges and tunnels granted by the Mexican government and foreign governments under concessions. Through its subsidiaries and affiliates, the Company also manages and operates airports and municipal services under concession arrangements. In addition, some of ICA’s subsidiaries are engaged in real estate and housing development.
At the Stockholders’ Extraordinary and Ordinary Meeting on September 12, 2006, the stockholders agreed to change the Company’s corporate denomination to comply with the provisions of the Mexican Securities Law, under which the Company’s organization as a public corporation with variable capital must be stated, as represented by the abbreviation “S.A.B. de C.V.”.
Significant events
In September and October 2007, ICA carried out a global primary placement of 90 million shares for a total amount of Ps.5,850,333 (nominal value). 60% of these shares were placed with institutional investors abroad, through an offering that was registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, while the remaining 40% were placed on the Mexican market.
In September 2007, ICA contributed Ps.3,118,000 (nominal value) to its associated company “Red de Carreteras de Occidente, S. de R.L. de C.V.” (“RCO”), corresponding to the payment of the first package of the concessioned highways of the Fideicomiso de Apoyo para el Rescate de Autopistas Concesionadas (“FARAC”) in a public bidding process of the Mexican Government (see Note 11d).
On October 1, 2007, the Business Flat Tax Law (“IETU Law”) was enacted and went into effect on January 1, 2008. In addition, the Tax Benefits Decree and the Third Omnibus Tax Bill were published on November 5 and December 31, 2007, respectively, clarifying or expanding the transitory application of the law regarding transactions carried out in 2007 that will have an impact in 2008. The Business Flat Tax (“IETU”) applies to the sale of goods, the provision of independent services and the granting of use or enjoyment of goods, according to the terms of the IETU Law, less certain authorized deductions. IETU payable is calculated by subtracting certain tax credits from the tax determined. Revenues, as well as deductions and certain tax credits, are determined based on cash flows generated beginning January 1, 2008. The IETU Law establishes that the IETU rate will be 16.5% in 2008, 17% in 2009, and 17.5% as of 2010. The Asset Tax (“IMPAC”) Law was repealed upon enactment of the IETU Law; however, under certain circumstances, IMPAC paid in the ten years prior to the year in which income tax (“ISR”) is paid may be refunded, according to the terms of the law. In addition, as opposed to ISR, the parent and its subsidiaries will incur IETU on an individual basis.
ICA’s subsidiaries identified the tax they expect to incur in future years, determining that some subsidiaries expect to pay ISR while others expect to pay IETU. Therefore, deferred ISR was determined on a consolidated basis, eliminating the deferred ISR of those subsidiaries that will pay IETU and recognizing the corresponding deferred IETU liability. The corresponding effect was a credit to the deferred IETU liability of Ps. 1,536,747, a debit to income taxes in the statement of operations of Ps. 1,535,653 and a debit to comprehensive loss of Ps.1,094.
F-12
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
2. | Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation |
| |
(a) | Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of ICA and its subsidiaries are prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (“MFRS”, individually referred to as Normas de Información Financiera or “NIFs”).
MFRS requires that management make certain estimates and use certain assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and their related disclosures; however, actual results may differ from these estimates. The Company has implemented control procedures to ensure the correct, timely application of its accounting policies. Although actual results may differ from estimates, management considers that the estimates made and assumptions used were adequate under the circumstances.
Solely for convenience of readers, peso amounts included in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2007 and for the year then ended have been translated into U.S. dollar amounts at the rate of 10.9169 pesos per U.S. dollar, the noon buying rate for pesos on December 31, 2007 as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Such translation should not be construed as a representation that the Mexican peso amounts have been, could have been or could, in the future, be converted into U.S. dollars at such rate or any other rate.
| |
(b) | Classification of Costs and Expenses |
Costs and expenses presented in the consolidated statements of operations were classified according to their function due to the various business activities of the subsidiaries. Consequently, cost of sales is presented separately from other costs and expenses.
| |
(c) | Income from Operations |
Income from operations is the result of subtracting cost of sales and general expenses from net sales. While NIF B-3,Statement of Income, does not require inclusion of this line item in the consolidated statements of operations, it has been included for a better understanding of the Company’s economic and financial performance.
| |
(d) | Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Comprehensive income (loss) presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity represents the Company’s total activity during each year and is comprised of the net income (loss) for the year, plus other comprehensive income (loss) items for the same period which, in accordance with MFRS, are presented directly in stockholders’ equity without affecting the consolidated statements of operations. In 2007, 2006 and 2005, the other comprehensive income (loss) items are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | December 31,
| | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Excess (insufficiency) in restated stockholders’ equity | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 10,834 | | | Ps. | (8,722 | ) |
Translation effects of foreign entities | | | 7,524 | | | | (25,778 | ) | | | (143,487 | ) |
Excess (insufficiency) of the additional minimum liability from labor obligations | | | 14,140 | | | | (9,488 | ) | | | (2,629 | ) |
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedge net of taxes of Ps.1,094 | | | 5,160 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 26,824 | | | Ps. | (24,432 | ) | | Ps. | (154,838 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-13
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
(e) | Principles of Consolidation |
Financial statements of those companies in which ICA owns more than 50% of the capital stock with voting rights or owns less than 50% of such capital stock but effectively controls such entity are consolidated within the financial statements.
The assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses of companies or associations subject to joint control are included in the consolidated financial statements using proportionate consolidation in accordance with International Accounting Standard No. 31,Interests in Joint Ventures, supplementally applied pursuant to NIFA-8,Supplemental Standards.
The financial statements of the companies that are included in these consolidated financial statements and have a fiscal year-end other than December 31, are converted to a December 31 year-end, except for the financial statements of Rodio Cimentaciones, S.A. and Kronsa Internacional, S.A., which are consolidated with an October 31 year-end. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The principal consolidated subsidiaries are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Direct and Indirect
| | | |
| | Ownership Percentage | | | |
Subsidiary | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | Activity |
|
Sub-Holding: | | | | | | | | | | |
Constructoras ICA, S.A. de C.V. | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | Construction |
Controladora de Empresas de Vivienda, S.A. de C.V. | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | Housing development |
Controladora de Operaciones de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | Concessions |
Operating: | | | | | | | | | | |
Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A. de C.V. | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | Heavy and urban construction |
Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S. A. De C. V. | | | 75 | | | | 75 | | | Construction of the El Cajón hydroelectric plant |
ICA Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V. | | | 51 | | | | 51 | | | Industrial construction |
ICA Panamá, S.A. | | | 100 | | | | 100 | | | Highway concessions |
Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A.B. de C. V. | | | 56 | | | | 52 | | | Managing and operating airport concessions |
Constructora Hidroeléctrica La Yesca, S.A. de C.V. | | | 67 | | | | — | | | Construction of the La Yesca hydroelectric plant |
In December 2005, through its subsidiaries Controladora de Operaciones de Infraestructura, S.A. de C.V. (“CONOISA”) and Aeroinvest, S.A. de C.V. (“Aeroinvest”), ICA acquired direct and indirect interests in 44.94% of the shares of Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A.B. de C.V. (“GACN”), for U.S. $260.2 million, through a series of purchase transactions. As a consequence of these purchases, ICA directly held 35.28% of the shares of GACN. Additionally, ICA directly held 74.5% of shares in the strategic partnership Servicios de Tecnología Aeroportuaria, S.A. de C.V. (“SETA”) (the remaining 25.5% of the shares of SETA are held by Aéroports de Paris), which, at that time, held 15% of the shares of GACN. ICA had initially acquired an equity interest in GACN in 2000, through its participation in SETA, along with Aéroports de Paris and Vinci. Together with the equity it previously held in GACN, these purchase transactions gave ICA direct ownership of 46.23% of the shares of GACN. Through the Company’s control of SETA, its direct and indirect interests totaled 49.98% of the shares of GACN.
F-14
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
In September 2006, SETA exercised an option it held to acquire Series B shares representing 2% of the capital of GACN, thereby increasing ICA’s direct shareholding in the capital of GACN to 47.72% and its direct and indirect shareholding to 51.98%.
Prior to December 2006, the remaining 49% of the shares of GACN were held by the Mexican Federal Government through Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. In November 2006, NAFIN sold all of its Series B shares of GACN in a public offering in the United States of America and Mexico through an initial public offering. In December 2006, Aeroinvest acquired an additional 0.76% interest in GACN as part of NAFIN’s public offering of GACN shares. GACN did not receive any portion of the proceeds generated by the offering, as all proceeds were paid to the Mexican Federal Government as the selling stockholder. During 2007, GACN acquired 3.13% of its own shares in the market.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company directly holds 51.61% and exercises control of GACN, and through its control of SETA indirectly holds an additional 4.26% interest in GACN for a total of 55.87%.
| |
(f) | Foreign Currency Translation of Subsidiaries’ Financial Statements |
The financial statements of the foreign subsidiaries denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Mexican pesos by applyingBulletin B-15,Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation of Financial Statements of Foreign Operations. Exchange differences generated by the translation of the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries that are not an extension of ICA’s operations are presented in stockholders’ equity under the caption “Insufficiency from restatement of capital.” For translation purposes, once the subsidiary financial statements are restated in the currency of year-end purchasing power of the country in which it operates, based on the same accounting policies as the Company, the following exchange rates are used to convert the foreign currency to Mexican pesos: (i) Assets and liabilities (monetary and non-monetary) - The exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date; (ii) Common stock - The exchange rate in effect at the date on which contributions were made; (iii) Retained earnings -The exchange rate in effect at the end of the year such amounts were generated; and (iv) Revenues, costs and expenses - The ending exchange rate of the period reported.
Certain captions of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2006 have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the 2007 consolidated financial statements.
Contract Receivables of Ps.8,725,247 and Cost and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings on Uncompleted Contracts of Ps.988,177 presented as of December 31, 2006 as Contract Receivables for the Hydroelectric Plant were reclassified to Contract Receivables and Cost and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings on Uncompleted Contracts. Also, long-term debt for the construction of the Hydroelectric Plant of Ps.2,594,237, which was separately stated in the balance sheet in 2006 was reclassified to be included with other long-term debt during 2007. Additionally, see Note 3a.
| |
3. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Beginning January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the following new NIFs:
NIF B-3, Statement of income — NIF B-3 classifies revenues, costs and expenses into ordinary and non-ordinary. Ordinary items are derived from primary activities representing an entity’s main source of revenues. Non-ordinary items are derived from activities other than those representing an entity’s main source of revenues. Consequently, the classification of certain transactions as special and extraordinary was eliminated; these items are now part of other income and expenses and non-ordinary items, respectively. Statutory
F-15
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
employee profit sharing (“PTU”) should now be presented as an ordinary expense and no longer presented as a tax on income. According to Interpretation of Financial Information Standards (“INIF”) Number 4,Presentation of Statutory Employee Profit Sharing in the Statement of Income, PTU should be included within other income and expenses. The main effect of adopting this NIF was the reclassification of current and deferred PTU for 2006 and 2005 of Ps.147,420 and Ps.103,965, respectively, to other income and expenses.
NIF B-13, Events subsequent to the date of the financial statements — NIF B-13 requires that asset and liability restructurings and waivers by creditors of their right to demand payment in the event an entity defaults on contractual obligations that occur in the period between the date of the consolidated financial statements and the date of their issuance only be disclosed in a note to the consolidated financial statements and be recognized in the financial statements of the period in which such events actually take place. Through 2006, the effect was recognized retroactively when agreements or waivers were obtained in a subsequent period.
NIF C-13, Related parties — NIF C-13 broadens the concept “related parties” to include i) the overall business in which the reporting entity participates; ii) close family members of key management or prominent executives; and iii) any fund created in connection with a labor-related compensation plan. NIF C-13 also requires the following disclosures: 1) that the terms and conditions of consideration paid or received in transactions carried out between related parties be equivalent to those of similar transactions carried out between independent parties and the reporting entity, only if sufficient evidence exists; and 2) benefits granted to the entity’s key management or prominent executives.
NIF D-6, Capitalization of comprehensive financing result — NIF D-6 establishes general capitalization standards. Some of these standards include: i) mandatory capitalization of comprehensive financing cost (“CFC”) directly attributable to the acquisition of qualifying assets; ii) when financing in domestic currency is used to acquire assets, yields obtained from temporary investments before the capital expenditure is made are excluded from the amount capitalized; iii) a methodology to calculate capitalizable CFC relating to funds from generic financing; iv) regarding land, CFC may be capitalized if land is developed; and v) conditions that must be met to capitalize CFC and rules indicating when CFC should no longer be capitalized. In 2007, the Company capitalized CFC of Ps.62,445 directly attributable to real state projects. Through 2006, CFC was charged to current earnings.
IFRIC 12, Service concession arrangements — Beginning January 1, 2007, for recording and valuing concession contracts, the Company early adopted and uses Interpretation No. 12 issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) of the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), which is mandatory under MFRS beginning January 1, 2008. This interpretation deals with the accounting by private sector operators involved in supplying infrastructure assets and services to the public sector, classifying the investment as financial asset, intangible asset or a combination of both.
A financial asset results when an operator constructs or makes improvements to the infrastructure, in which the operator has an unconditional right to receive a specific amount of cash or other financial asset during the contract term. An intangible asset results when the operator constructs or makes improvements and is allowed to operate the infrastructure for a fixed period after the construction is terminated, in which the future cash flows of the operator have not been specified, because they may vary depending on the use of the asset, and are therefore considered contingent. Both a financial asset and an intangible asset may result when the return/gain for the operator is provided partially by a financial asset and partially by an intangible asset. This IFRIC establishes that for both the financial asset and the intangible asset, the revenues and costs related to the construction or the improvements are recognized in revenues during the construction phase.
Effects of adoption of IFRIC 12 resulted in classifying certain intangible assets as financial assets, as well as the recognition of revenues during the construction phase in certain concessions. Additionally, as a result of
F-16
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
the early adoption of IFRIC 12, financial statements previously issued as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were restated, as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| | As Presented | | | As Restated | |
|
Balance sheet: | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | Ps. | 24,431,132 | | | Ps. | 24,437,840 | |
Investment in concessions | | | 8,273,509 | | | | 10,087,000 | |
Property, plant and equipment | | | 2,945,901 | | | | 1,286,383 | |
Other non-current assets | | | 2,143,892 | | | | 2,041,083 | |
Current liabilities | | | (14,504,192 | ) | | | (14,504,191 | ) |
Non-current liabilities | | | (8,600,726 | ) | | | (8,600,726 | ) |
Stockholders’ equity | | | (14,689,516 | ) | | | (14,747,389 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | As Presented | | | As Restated | | | As Presented | | | As Restated | |
|
Statements of operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | Ps. | 22,302,897 | | | Ps. | 22,713,683 | | | Ps. | 20,046,684 | | | Ps. | 20,004,984 | |
Operating income | | | 1,686,196 | | | | 1,703,540 | | | | 1,149,085 | | | | 1,121,594 | |
Net income | | | 1,027,643 | | | | 1,071,734 | | | | 816,127 | | | | 805,556 | |
| |
(b) | Accounting Method for the Treatment of the Effects of Inflation |
The Company’s consolidated financial statements recognize the effects of inflation in accordance withBulletin B-10,Recognition of the Effects of Inflation on Financial Information.Bulletin B-10 requires the restatement of all financial statements to constant Mexican pesos as of the date of the most recent balance sheet presented. To comply with the requirement, the Company uses the alternative method provided byBulletin B-15, which consists of determining a restatement factor which uses a weighted average rate based upon the National Consumer Price Index (“NCPI”) published by Banco de Mexico and the inflation and foreign exchange rates of the countries in which the Company has foreign subsidiaries. Prior year financial statements reported for comparative purposes were restated by a restatement factor of 1.0424 instead of restating them by a NCPI factor of 1.0375 to determine constant Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2007.
| |
(c) | Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and cash equivalents consist mainly of bank deposits in checking accounts and readily available daily investments of cash surpluses. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at nominal value plus accrued yields, which are recognized in results as they accrue. Cash and cash equivalents subject to restrictions or intended for a specific purposed are presented separately under current or noncurrent assets as the case may be.
Inventories are valued at the price of the last purchase made during the period or average cost, without exceeding the net realizable value.
| |
(e) | Real Estate Inventories |
The development costs for low-income housing are stated at the acquisition value of the land, the respective improvements and conditioning, permits and licenses, labor costs, materials and direct and indirect
F-17
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
expenses. They are restated by the specific cost method, which uses net replacement values that are similar to market values and are determined based on appraisals conducted by recognized firms of independent experts.
Other real estate developments are also restated by the specific cost method, using net replacement values, which are similar to market values, determined based on appraisals conducted by recognized firms of independent experts. The net comprehensive financing cost incurred during the construction period is capitalized and restated by applying factors derived from the NCPI.
Land to be developed over a period of more than 12 months is classified under noncurrent assets, recorded at its acquisition cost and restated by applying factors derived from the NCPI.
| |
(f) | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Expenditures for property, plant and equipment, including renewals and improvements which extend useful lives, are capitalized. These investments and related depreciation are restated by applying factors derived from the NCPI. Property, plant and equipment of foreign origin and its related depreciation are restated by means of a specific index, which uses the NCPI of the country of origin applied to the historical cost denominated in the foreign currency and are then translated into Mexican pesos at the exchange rate in effect at the date of the most recent balance sheet presented.
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the useful life of the restated value of the asset. Depreciation begins in the month in which the asset is placed in service. The useful lives of assets are as follows:
| | | | |
| | Useful
| |
| | lives | |
|
Buildings | | | 20 to 50 | |
Machinery and operating equipment | | | 4 to 10 | |
Office furniture, equipment and vehicles | | | 4 to 10 | |
Financing costs incurred during the construction and installation of buildings and machinery and equipment are capitalized and adjusted for inflation as measured by the NCPI.
| |
(g) | Investment in Concessions |
Investments in concessions are classified as financial and intangible assets (see Note 3a). Investments in concessions considered as intangible assets are restated for inflation using the NCPI, without exceeding their recoverable value. Total cost of financing incurred during the construction period is capitalized and adjusted for inflation as measured by the NCPI. Investments in concession projects are amortized over the concession period. Revenues from the operation of concession projects are recognized as concession revenues.
Other assets mainly consist of expenses related to uncompleted construction contracts and bank commissions and fees, which are recorded at historical cost and amortized over the life of the construction contract or the estimated useful life of the asset. Additionally this line item includes the excess of the cost over the fair value of the investment in affiliated companies, which is not amortized and is subject to impairment tests. Other assets are restated by applying factors derived from the NPCI.
| |
(i) | Investment in Affiliated Companies |
Investments in companies in which ICA has significant influence, but does not have control, are accounted for using the equity method, which includes cost plus the Company’s equity in undistributed earnings (losses), adjusted for the effects of inflation. The adjustment for the effects of inflation on equity is
F-18
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
inherent in the application of the equity method as the investee’s financial statements are also prepared in accordance withBulletin B-10.
| |
(j) | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets in Use |
Management periodically evaluates the impairment of long-lived assets as established byBulletin C-15,Impairment in the Value of Long-Lived Assets and Their Disposal. If there is any indication that restated values exceed the respective recovery values, assets are impaired to this recovery value by affecting the results of the year in which this difference arises. The recovery value is determined as the greater of the net selling price of a cash-generating unit and its value in use, which is the net present value of discounted future net cash flows. The method used to calculate the recovery value considers the particular circumstances of concessions, property, plant and equipment and intangible items. In the case of concessions, revenue projections are used which consider assumptions and estimates concerning vehicle traffic, the growth of the population and economy along the concessioned highway, temporary passenger reductions due to tariff increases and commercial strategies designed to promote utilization, among others, which may differ and be adjusted according to the actual results obtained.
| |
(k) | Business Acquisitions |
All business acquisitions, including those involving associated companies, are initially recognized and valued using the purchase method, which includes allocating the purchase price, represented by cash delivered or its fair value equivalent, over the fair value of the assets received and liabilities assumed, and, when appropriate, recognizing either goodwill or an extraordinary gain.
Provisions are recognized for obligations that result from a past event, that are probable to result in the use of economic resources and that can be reasonably estimated. In the event an obligation arises for which the Company believes required settlement is remote, such provision is disclosed but is not recognized in the financial statements.
Assets related to construction contracts which may require more than one year to be completed and will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion are reported as current assets.
| |
(n) | Accounting for Construction Contracts |
As part of the planning process of a construction contract before commencing any project, the Company reviews the principal obligations and conditions of the specific contract for the purpose of (i) reasonably estimating the projected revenue, (ii) reasonably estimating the costs to be incurred in the project, (iii) reasonably estimating the gross profit of the project, and (iv) identifying the rights and obligations of the parties. Based on that analysis, and in conjunction with the legal and economic right to receive payment for the work performed as established in each contract, the Company utilizes the percentage-of-completion method established inBulletin D-7,Construction Contracts and the Manufacture of Capital Assets, to recognize revenues on its construction contracts.
The decision of whether or not to participate in a project is made collectively with representatives of the technical, legal, financial and administrative areas, which considers the analysis of the customer’s economic solvency and reputational standing, the legal framework, the availability of resources, the technological complexity and construction procedures, the obligations and rights assumed, the economic, financial and geological risks, and the possibility of mitigation of risks, as well as the analysis of each contract. The
F-19
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Company’s policy is to avoid contracts with material risks, unless such risks may be mitigated or transferred to the customers, suppliersand/or subcontractors.
In contracts involving performance guarantees related to the equipment on which the performance of the project depends, the decision to participate will depend on, among other factors, the ability of the Company to transfer the risks and penalties related to these guarantees to the suppliersand/or subcontractors.
In contracts involving guarantees related to timely delivery, the Company plans the project to take into consideration the risk of delay and generally allows sufficient time for the anticipated completion of the project in spite of unavoidable delays.
Projects are executed in accordance with a work program determined at the commencement of the project, which is periodically updated. The work plan includes the description of the construction procedures, the critical execution route, the allocation and timeliness of the resources required and the project’s cash flow forecast.
The construction contracts in which the Company participates typically are governed by the civil law of various jurisdictions which recognizes a contractor’s right to receive payment for work performed. Under this body of law, the buyer is the legal owner of the works in execution while they are in-process, and the contractor is entitled to payment for work performed, even though payment may not occur until the completion of the contract. The typical terms of the Company’s contracts also support the Company’s entitlement to receipt of payment for work performed.
The construction contracts into which the Company enters are generally either (i) unit price or (ii) fixed price (either lump sum or guaranteed maximum). The evaluation of the risks related to inflation, exchange rates and price increases for each type of contract depends on if the contract is a public works contract or is with the private sector.
In unit price contracts in the private sector, the customer generally assumes the risks of inflation, exchange-rate and price increases for the materials used in the contracts. Under a unit price contract, once the contract is signed, the parties agree upon the price for each unit of work. However, unit price contracts normally include escalation clauses whereby the Company retains the right to increase the unit price of such inputs as a result of inflation, exchange-rate variations or price increases for the materials, if any of these risks increases beyond a percentage specified in the contract.
For unit price contracts related to public works, in addition to escalation clauses, in Mexico the Public Works and Services Law establishes mechanisms to adjust the value of such public unit-price contracts for cost increases. The Public Works and Services Law provides the following mechanisms for the adjustment of unit prices in unit price contracts: (i) a review of individual unit prices for which adjustment may be possible; (ii) review of unit prices by group where the estimated amount of work remaining to be performed represents at least 80% of the total amount of remaining work under the contract; and (iii) for those projects in which the relationship between the input and the total contract cost is established, an adjustment to reflect the increased cost may be made based on such proportion. The application of these mechanisms is required to be specified in the relevant contract.
In lump sum contracts, not-to-exceed contracts or contracts where there are no escalation clauses in which the Company undertakes to provide materials or services at fixed unit prices required for a project in the private sector, the Company generally absorbs the risk related to inflation, exchange-rate fluctuations or price increases for materials. However, the Company seeks to mitigate these risks as follows: (i) when the bid tender is prepared, such risks are included in determining the costs of the project based on the application of certain economic variables which are provided by recognized economic analysis firms; (ii) contractual arrangements are made with the principal suppliers, among which advance payments are made to ensure that the cost of the materials remains the same during the contract term; and (iii) the exchange-rate risk is mitigated by
F-20
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
contracting suppliers and subcontractors in the same currency as that in which the customer contract is executed with the customer.
For those risks that cannot be mitigated or which surpass acceptable levels, the Company carries out a quantitative analysis in which it determines the probability of occurrence of the risk, measures the potential financial impact, and adjusts the fixed price of the contract to an appropriate level, taking these risks into consideration.
For fixed price contracts in the public sector, in addition to that above, the Public Works and Services Law protects the contractors when adverse economic conditions arise that could not have been anticipated at the time of awarding the contract and thus were not considered in the initial contract bid. The Public Works and Services Law allows the Controller’s Office (Secretaría de la Función Pública) to issue guidelines through which public works contractors may recognize increases in their initial contract prices as a result of adverse economic changes.
As mentioned above, revenues from construction contracts are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method established in MFRS. The percentage-of-completion method allows for the adequate presentation of the legal and economic substance of the Company’s contracts. Use of the percentage-of-completion method results in the recognition of revenue as work under the contract progresses, as if it was a continuous sale.
In order to be able to apply percentage-of-completion, the following requirements must be met: (i) the contract must clearly specify the legal rights related to the goods or services to be provided and to be received by the parties, the consideration to be exchanged and the terms of the agreement; (ii) the legal and economic right of the Company to receive the payment for the work performed as the contract is executed must be specified; (iii) the expectation must be that both the contractor and the customer will fulfill their respective contractual obligations; and (iv) based on the construction budget and contract, the total amount of revenue, the total cost to be incurred and the estimated profit can be determined.
Construction contracts are developed taking into account the total expected costs and revenues as the contract progresses. The estimations are based on the terms, conditions and specifications of each specific project, including assumptions made by management of the project in order to ensure that all costs attributable to the project were included.
In order to measure the extent of progress toward completion for the purpose of recognizing revenue, the Company utilizes either the costs incurred method or the units of work method. The base revenue utilized to calculate profit as work progresses includes the following: (i) the initial amount established in the contract, (ii) additional work orders requested by the customer, (iii) changes in the considered yields, (iv) the value of any adjustments (for inflation, exchange rates or changes in prices, for example) agreed to in the contract, (v) the decrease in the original contract value and agreements in contracts (vi) claims and conventional penalties, and (vii) completion or performance bonuses, as of the date on which any revisions take place and they are effectively approved by the customers.
The base cost utilized to calculate the profit percentage under the costs incurred method includes the following: (i) the costs directly related to the specific contract, (ii) indirect costs related to the general contract activity that can be matched to a specific contract; and (iii) any other costs that may be transferred to the customer under the contract terms. The costs directly related to the specific contract include all direct costs such as materials, labor, subcontracting costs, manufacturing and supply costs of equipment,start-up costs and depreciation. Indirect costs include indirect labor, payroll of technical and administrative personnel,
F-21
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
construction site camps and related expenses, quality control and inspection, internal and external contract supervision, insurance costs, bonds, depreciation and amortization, repairs and maintenance.
Costs which are not included within contract costs are: (i) any general administrative expenses not included under any form of reimbursement in the contract; (ii) selling expenses; (iii) any research and development costs and expenses not considered reimbursable under the contract; and (iv) the depreciation of machinery and equipment not used in the specific contract even though it is available on hand for a specific contract, when the contract does not specify revenue for such item. In addition, work performed in independent workshops and construction in-progress are also excluded costs and are recorded as assets when they are received or used under a specific project.
Costs incurred for change orders based on customers’ instructions which are still awaiting definition and price authorization are recognized as assets within cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings of uncompleted contracts.
Periodically, the Company evaluates the reasonableness of the estimates used in the determination of the percentage completion in any given project. Cost estimates are based on assumptions which can differ from the actual cost over the life of the project. Accordingly, estimates are reviewed periodically, taking into account factors such as price increases for materials, the amount of work to be done, inflation, exchange-rate fluctuations, changes in contract specifications due to adverse conditions and provisions created based on the construction contracts over the project duration, including those related to penalties, termination and startup clauses of the project and the rejection of cost by customers, among others. If, as a result of this evaluation, there are modifications to the revenue or cost previously estimated, or if the total estimated cost of the project exceeds expected revenues, an adjustment is made in order to reflect the effect in results of the period in which the adjustment or loss is incurred. The estimated revenues and costs may be affected by future events. Any change in these estimates may affect the Company’s results.
We consider that the potential credit risk related to construction contracts is adequately covered because the construction projects in which we participate generally involve customers of recognized solvency. Billings received in advance of execution or certification of work are recognized as advances from customers. In addition we periodically evaluate the reasonableness of our accounts receivable. In cases when an indication of collection difficulty exists, allowances for bad debts are created and charged to results in the same period. The estimate for such reserve is determined based on management’s best judgment in accordance with prevailing circumstances at that time. We are usually subject to a balance aging of between 30 and 60 days for work performed but not previously estimated in unfinished contracts. Under MFRS, our policy is not to recognize a provision for accounts receivable on contracts that require the customer to pay for the work not as it is performed, but only when the project is completed.
For those projects in which financing revenue is included as part of the selling price, the contract costs also include the net comprehensive financing costs incurred with the financing obtained to perform the contract, except where the actual financing cost exceeds the original estimated financing cost. In these instances, such excess is recognized within financing cost. In these types of contracts, the collection of the contract amount from the client may take place at the completion of the project. However, periodic reports of the advance of the project to date are provided to and approved by the client, which serve as a base so that the Company can continue to obtain financing for the project.
When a contract includes construction of various facilities, construction of each facility is treated as a separate profit center when: i) separate proposals for each facility have been presented; ii) each facility has been separately negotiated and has independent terms and conditions established in the contract; and iii) the revenue, costs and profit margin of each separate facility can be identified.
A group of contracts, whether with one or several clients, are treated together as one unique center of profit when: i) the group of contracts have been negotiated together as a unique package; ii) the contracts are
F-22
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
so intimately related that they are effectively part of a unique project with a global profit; and iii) the contracts are executed simultaneously or in a continuous sequence.
The estimated profit of various profit centers cannot offset one another. The Company ensures that when several contracts integrate a profit center, its results are properly combined.
Construction backlog considers only those contracts in which the Company has control over such project. The Company considers it has control when it has a majority participation in the project and when it is assigned leadership of the project.
| |
(o) | Accounting for Real Estate Sales |
The sale of completed developments is recognized at the date of the signing of the respective sales contract where the rights and obligations of the property are transferred to the buyer and the Company has received at least 20% of the contract price. If there is uncertainty regarding future collection, the revenue is recorded when collected.
In those cases in which recovery appears to be unlikely, the Company creates additional allowances for doubtful accounts, which are applied to the results of the year in which such amounts are determined.
| |
(p) | Accounting for Low Income Housing Sales |
Revenues derived from sales of low income housing are recognized as revenue once the house is completed and credit is approved by the financing agency or the title of the house has passed to the buyer.
| |
(q) | Sales of Goods and Services |
Revenues from sales of goods and services are recognized as the goods are delivered or the services are performed.
Seniority premiums, pension plans and severance payments are recognized as costs over employee years of service and are calculated by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method at net discount rates. Accordingly, the liability is being accrued which, at present value, will cover the obligation from benefits projected to the estimated retirement date of the Company’s employees.
| |
(s) | Maintenance and Repair Expenses |
Maintenance and repair expenses are recorded as costs and expenses in the period in which they are incurred.
| |
(t) | Statutory Employee Profit Sharing |
Statutory employee profit sharing (“PTU”) is recorded in the results of the year in which it is incurred and presented under other income and expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Deferred PTU is derived from temporary differences between the accounting result and income for PTU purposes and is recognized only when it can be reasonably assumed that such difference will generate a liability or benefit, and there is no indication that circumstances will change in such a way that the liabilities will not be paid or benefits will not be realized.
The Company files a consolidated tax return, as permitted by the tax laws of Mexico.
F-23
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The provision for income tax is determined according toBulletin D-4,Accounting Treatment of Income Tax, Tax on Assets and Statutory Employee Profit-Sharing.
Beginning in October 2007, to determine the provision for deferred income taxes, the Company must determine if based on financial projections, it will pay ISR or IETU and accordingly, the Company recognizes deferred income taxes based on the tax it expects to pay. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the applicable temporary differences resulting from comparing the accounting and tax values of assets and liabilities plus any future benefits from tax loss carryforwards and unused tax credits. Deferred income tax assets are reduced by any tax benefits that are not expected to be realized. Management periodically evaluates its assumptions based on historical tax results and estimated tax profits. The resulting deferred tax provision or benefit related to the recognition of the deferred tax liability or asset is reflected in the statement of operations. The calculation and recognition of deferred taxes and the recognition of asset tax requires the use of estimates that could be affected by the amount of future taxable income, the assumptions considered by management and the results of operations. A deferred income tax asset is only recognized when there is a high probability that it can be recovered, periodically evaluating the probability based on the historical taxable results and the estimation of future taxable revenues. A valuation allowance is recorded for any deferred tax asset for which realizability is unlikely. The assumptions used in forming the estimate of a valuation allowance may change based on various circumstances, which may result in the modification of such valuation allowance, thereby affecting the Company’s financial position and results of operations.
The Company files a consolidated asset tax return utilizing consolidation rules similar to those related to income taxes. Asset tax was paid through 2007; the Asset Tax Law was replaced by the IETU Law as discussed in Note 1. During 2007, asset tax was computed at an annual rate of 1.25% (see Note 20) of the average of the majority interest of restated assets; through 2006, the rate was 1.8% and certain liabilities were deducted from the asset base. The tax was paid only to the extent it exceeded the income tax liability for the year. Any required asset tax payment is creditable against the excess of income taxes over asset taxes for the following ten years.
Tax on assets paid that may be carried forward from previous years, and if expected to be recoverable, is recorded as an advance payment at estimated recoverable value at the date of the financial statements and is included in the balance sheet as a deferred tax asset.
| |
(w) | Derivative Financial Instruments |
The Company values all derivatives at fair value, regardless of the purpose for holding them. Fair value is based on market prices for derivatives traded in recognized markets; if no active market exists, fair value is based on other valuation methodologies supported by sufficient and reliable information. Fair value is recognized in the balance sheet as an asset or liability, in accordance with the rights or obligations derived from the contracts executed.
When the transactions comply with all hedging requirements, the Company designates the derivatives as a hedging financial instrument at the beginning of the relationship. For fair value hedges, the fluctuation in the fair value of both the derivative and the open risk position is recognized in results of the period in which it takes place. For cash flow hedges, the effective portion is temporarily recognized in comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity and is subsequently reclassified to results at the same time that they are affected by the item being hedged; the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in results of the period.
Certain derivative financial instruments, although contracted for hedging purposes from an economic viewpoint, because they do not comply with all the requirements established in applicable regulations, have
F-24
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
been designated as trading derivatives for accounting purposes. The fluctuation in fair value on these derivatives is recognized in results of the period.
To finance its projects the Company obtains financing under different conditions; when such financing is at a variable rate, to reduce its exposure to volatility risks, the Company contracts derivative financial instruments, in this case swaps, which convert its interest rate from variable to fixed and, occasionally, options which establish a maximum limit to the variable rate. When it performs transactions which represent additional risks in a currency other than its functional currency, it contracts exchange-rate options which enable it to reduce its exposure to foreign currency risks (see Note 18).
| |
(x) | Excess (Insufficiency) from Restatement of Capital |
This item reflects the result of restating non-monetary assets and liabilities as compared to the restatement of common stock, retained earnings and results of operations. It represents the difference between net non-monetary assets restated by the specific costs method or the specific index method, and general inflation as measured by the NCPI; additionally see Note 2d.
| |
(y) | Restatement of Stockholders’ Equity |
Stockholders’ equity is restated for inflation using the NCPI from the respective dates such capital was contributed or earnings (losses) were generated to the date of the most recent balance sheet presented.
| |
(z) | Foreign Currency Transactions |
Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the exchange rate in effect at the date of the transaction. Balances of monetary assets and liabilities are adjusted monthly at the market rate. The effects of exchange rate fluctuations are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations, except for those cases in which they can be capitalized.
| |
(aa) | (Gain) Loss from Monetary Position |
The (gain) loss from monetary position reflects the result of holding monetary assets and liabilities during periods of inflation. It is calculated using the NCPI for each month as applied to the net monetary position at the beginning of the month. Values stated in current monetary units represent decreasing purchasing power over time. Losses are incurred by holding monetary assets, whereas gains are realized by holding monetary liabilities. The net effect is presented in the consolidated statement of operations for the year, as part of comprehensive financing cost, except in those cases in which it is capitalized.
| |
(bb) | Concentration of Credit Risk |
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of contract receivables and costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings (collectively, “Construction Instruments”) and other receivables. The Company considers that the potential credit risk related to Construction Instruments is adequately mitigated because the construction projects in which it participates generally involve customers of recognized solvency. Additionally, if the Company experiences collection difficulties as the project advances, it normally suspends work until obtaining assurance with regard to the payment situation. The Company is usually subject to a balance aging of between 30 and 60 days for work performed but not previously estimated in unfinished contracts. However, it creates additional allowances for doubtful accounts when there are indications that an account may not be recovered.
Other accounts receivable are comprised of receivables from associated companies and notes receivable. The Company believes that these amounts do not represent a significant concentration of credit risk.
F-25
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
(cc) | Basic (Loss) Earnings Per Share |
Basic (loss) earnings per share is computed by dividing (loss) income of the majority interests available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year.
| |
4. | Cash, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents |
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Cash | | Ps. | 1,394,131 | | | Ps. | 1,404,534 | |
Cash equivalents | | | 5,181,087 | | | | 3,358,245 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 6,575,218 | | | Ps. | 4,762,779 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | | Ps. | 520,997 | | | Ps. | 853,714 | |
Long term | | | (224,647 | ) | | | (291,456 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Current | | Ps. | 296,350 | | | | 562,258 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, Ps.1,188,268 and Ps.1,431,918 respectively, of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were held in the joint venture ICA Fluor Daniel, S. de R.L. de C.V. (“ICAFD”) and Ps.140,947 and Ps.61,899 by the subsidiary Framex, ApS and its subsidiaries (Rodio Cimentaciones Especiales, S.A. and Kronsa International, S.A.), respectively. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, Ps.1,826,827 and Ps.1,685,124, respectively of cash and cash equivalents held by GACN are included in the current portion of cash.
As of December 31, 2006, the current portion includes Ps.183,271 and the non-current portion Ps.91,531 held by Constructora Internacional de Infraestructura, S. A. de C. V.(“CIISA”) for construction of the “El Cajón” hydroelectric plant, which are managed in conformity with the construction program approved and controlled by the consortium of banks. Similarly, at December 31, 2007 and 2006, trusts have been created to administer the amounts received from tolls and other related services generated by the Corredor Sur, the Acapulco Tunnel and the Irapuato-La Piedad Concession, which guarantee and are primarily utilized to pay the debt contracted and the maintenance of the concessions; at December 31, 2007 and 2006, the amounts designated for those concepts are Ps.254,270 and Ps.329,361, respectively, for the current portion; and for the non-current portion for Corredor Sur and Irapuato — La Piedad of Ps.32,531 and Ps.52,933 in 2007 and 2006 respectively. Also as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, Aeroinvest maintains Ps.42,080 and Ps.49,626, respectively, in the current portion and Ps.192,116 and Ps.146,992, respectively, in the non-current portion for the services of the debt contracted.
Contract receivables are comprised of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Billings on contracts(1) | | Ps. | 2,409,447 | | | Ps. | 10,939,712 | |
Retainage | | | 60,827 | | | | 54,730 | |
Less: payments on contracts | | | (39,574 | ) | | | (122,679 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 2,430,700 | | | | 10,871,763 | |
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts | | | (392,302 | ) | | | (141,808 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 2,038,398 | | | Ps. | 10,729,955 | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-26
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The allowance for doubtful accounts for the contract and trade receivables is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Trade receivables | | Ps. | 31,371 | | | Ps. | 35,173 | |
Contract receivables | | | 392,302 | | | | 141,808 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 423,673 | | | Ps. | 176,981 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | At December 31, 2007 and 2006 there were retentions for certifications on billings on contracts for Ps.72,483 and Ps.62,316 respectively; as well as guarantees on billings on contracts for Ps.128,846 and Ps.282,863, respectively. |
The changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Beginning balance | | Ps. | 176,981 | | | Ps. | 187,874 | | | Ps. | 187,355 | |
Increase of the period | | | 348,661 | | | | 98,455 | | | | 36,296 | |
Reversals due to subsequent collection | | | (93,486 | ) | | | (72,264 | ) | | | (9,986 | ) |
Write-off of bad debts | | | — | | | | (31,946 | ) | | | (25,511 | ) |
Inflationary effects | | | (8,483 | ) | | | (5,138 | ) | | | (280 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ending balance | | Ps. | 423,673 | | | Ps. | 176,981 | | | Ps. | 187,874 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2007, billings on contracts include U.S.$37.2 million of the “El Cajón” hydroelectric plant, on which an allowance for doubtful accounts has been recognized for U.S.$18.6 million.
| |
6. | Costs and Estimated Earnings in Excess of Billings on Uncompleted Contracts |
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts | | Ps. | 39,495,457 | | | Ps. | 28,113,612 | |
Estimated earnings | | | 2,447,105 | | | | 2,223,887 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Recognized revenues | | | 41,942,562 | | | | 30,337,499 | |
Change orders pending approval | | | — | | | | 113,566 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Sub-total | | | 41,942,562 | | | | 30,451,065 | |
Less: billings to date | | | (38,227,249 | ) | | | (26,583,809 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts(1) | | Ps. | 3,715,313 | | | Ps. | 3,867,256 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | As of December 31, 2007, includes billings on uncompleted contracts with CFE for U.S.$30.1 (see Note 21.c). |
F-27
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A reconciliation of backlog representing executed construction contracts at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Construction Segment | | | | |
| | Civil | | | Industrial | | | Rodio-Kronsa | | | Total | |
|
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | Ps. | 6,936,368 | | | Ps. | 15,561,015 | | | Ps. | 757,942 | | | Ps. | 23,255,325 | |
Less: restatement of beginning balance | | | 282,139 | | | | 632,950 | | | | 30,830 | | | | 945,919 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nominal balance | | | 6,654,229 | | | | 14,928,065 | | | | 727,112 | | | | 22,309,406 | |
New contracts and changes 2005(1) | | | 5,892,722 | | | | 2,566,970 | | | | 2,687,983 | | | | 11,147,675 | |
Less: construction revenue earned 2005 | | | 7,777,469 | | | | 8,225,803 | | | | 2,539,366 | | | | 18,542,638 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 4,769,482 | | | | 9,269,232 | | | | 875,729 | | | | 14,914,443 | |
Less: restatement of beginning balance | | | 194,000 | | | | 377,029 | | | | 35,621 | | | | 606,650 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nominal balance | | | 4,575,482 | | | | 8,892,203 | | | | 840,108 | | | | 14,307,793 | |
New contracts and changes 2006(1) | | | 9,204,090 | | | | 4,079,704 | | | | 1,136,858 | | | | 14,420,652 | |
Less: construction revenue earned 2006 | | | 9,599,451 | | | | 7,855,484 | | | | 1,625,172 | | | | 19,080,107 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 4,180,121 | | | | 5,116,423 | | | | 351,794 | | | | 9,648,338 | |
Less: restatement of beginning balance | | | 170,029 | | | | 208,112 | | | | 14,309 | | | | 392,450 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nominal balance | | | 4,010,092 | | | | 4,908,311 | | | | 337,485 | | | | 9,255,888 | |
New contracts and changes 2007 | | | 23,631,337 | | | | 11,614,793 | | | | 2,285,950 | | | | 37,532,080 | |
Less: construction revenue earned 2007 | | | 7,743,589 | | | | 8,036,097 | | | | 1,894,307 | | | | 17,673,993 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | Ps. | 19,897,840 | | | Ps. | 8,487,007 | | | Ps. | 729,128 | | | Ps. | 29,113,975 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Due to the adoption of IFRIC 12, at December 31, 2006 and 2005, executed construction contracts from concessions in amounts of Ps.858,307 and Ps.587,788, respectively, and revenues for Ps.427,314 and Ps.9,098, respectively, were added to construction backlog. |
From January 1 to March 6, 2008, the Company entered into contracts totaling Ps. 1,083,780 in Industrial Construction.
F-28
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Other receivables consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Notes receivable from related parties | | Ps. | 330,028 | | | Ps. | 247,322 | |
Financial assets from investment in concessions (current portion) | | | 107,304 | | | | 6,709 | |
Recoverable income and value-added taxes | | | 215,923 | | | | 395,798 | |
Notes receivable | | | 137,635 | | | | — | |
Sale of investment in shares and other | | | — | | | | 14,681 | |
Guarantee deposits | | | 68,114 | | | | 201,791 | |
Other(1) | | | 213,582 | | | | 207,489 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,072,586 | | | Ps. | 1,073,790 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Net of allowance for doubtful accounts for Ps.29,548 and Ps.41,556 in 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
Inventories consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Materials, spare parts and other | | Ps. | 629,263 | | | Ps. | 575,617 | |
Merchandise in-transit | | | 37,553 | | | | 51,447 | |
Allowance for obsolete inventories | | | (109,270 | ) | | | (78,182 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 557,546 | | | Ps. | 548,882 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The changes in the allowance for obsolete inventory are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Beginning balance | | Ps. | 78,182 | | | Ps. | 57,862 | | | Ps. | 1,053 | |
Increase of the period | | | 31,489 | | | | 67,030 | | | | 56,809 | |
Uses | | | — | | | | (46,718 | ) | | | — | |
Inflationary effects | | | (401 | ) | | | 8 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ending balance | | Ps. | 109,270 | | | Ps. | 78,182 | | | Ps. | 57,862 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-29
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
10. | Real Estate Inventories |
Real estate inventories consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
a. Current: | | | | | | | | |
Land held for investment and future development | | Ps. | 3,476 | | | Ps. | 3,984 | |
Land under development | | | 1,326,358 | | | | 1,059,177 | |
Real estate held for sale | | | 512 | | | | 515 | |
Advances to subcontractors | | | 123,497 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,453,843 | | | Ps. | 1,063,676 | |
| | | | | | | | |
b. Non-current: | | | | | | | | |
Land held for investment and future development | | Ps. | 948,015 | | | Ps. | 698,433 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| |
11. | Investment in Concessions |
a) The classification of investment in concessions in accordance with IFRIC 12 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Ownership
| | | | | | | |
| | Date of
| | Percentage | | | Balance as of December 31, | |
Description of Project | | Concession Agreement | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Long-term financial asset: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Water treatment plant in Cd. Acuña | | September 1998 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | Ps. | 238,932 | | | Ps. | 249,909 | |
Irapuato — La Piedad Highway(1) | | August 2005 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 527,054 | | | | 475,782 | |
Querétaro-Irapuato Highway(2) | | June 2006 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 86,958 | | | | 15,129 | |
Nuevo Necaxa-Tihuatlán Highway | | June 2007 | | | 50% | | | | — | | | | 6,115 | | | | — | |
Río Verde-Cd. Valles Highway | | July 2007 | | | 100% | | | | — | | | | 24,038 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ps. | 883,097 | | | Ps. | 740,820 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Ownership
| | | | | | | |
| | Date of
| | Percentage | | | Balance as of December | |
Description of Project | | Concession Agreement | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Intangible asset: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte | | November 1998 | | | 51.61% | | | | 48.5% | | | Ps. | 6,444,908 | | | Ps. | 6,270,525 | |
Corredor Sur in Panamá | | August 1996 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 2,194,263 | | | | 2,223,893 | |
Acapulco Tunnel | | May 1994 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 662,224 | | | | 690,154 | |
Irapuato — La Piedad Highway(1) | | August 2005 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 83,372 | | | | 58,802 | |
Querétaro-Irapuato Highway(2) | | June 2006 | | | 100% | | | | 100% | | | | 266,796 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ps. | 9,651,563 | | | Ps. | 9,243,374 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-30
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Ownership
| | | | | | | |
| | Date of
| | Percentage | | | Balance as of December | |
Investment | | Concession Agreement | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Investment in affiliated companies: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Red de Carreteras de Occidente, S. de R.L. de C.V. | | October 2007 | | | 20% | | | | — | | | Ps. | 3,111,726 | | | Ps. | — | |
Proactiva Medio Ambiente México, S.A. de C.V. | | Various | | | 49% | | | | 10 | % | | | 412,724 | | | | 73,505 | |
Autopistas Concesionadas del Altiplano, S.A. de C.V. | | September 1991 | | | 19.38% | | | | 19.38 | % | | | 31,589 | | | | 29,301 | |
Suministro de Agua de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V. | | May 2007 | | | 37% | | | | — | | | | 61,641 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ps. | 3,617,680 | | | Ps. | 102,806 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | Ps. | 14,152,340 | | | Ps. | 10,087,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Combination of both: 86% financial asset and 14% intangible asset |
|
(2) | | Combination of both: 25% financial asset and 75% intangible asset |
b) An analysis of the concessions classified as intangible assets is as follows:
Airport Concessions
As of December 31, 2005, the Company consolidated GACN’s balance sheet and beginning January 1, 2006, the Company consolidated GACN’s results of operations. As of January 1, 2003, the total cost paid by GACN to obtain the airport concessions from the Mexican government was proportionately assigned to rights to use airport facilities, which represent the cost of the fixed assets at the airports, based on the net replacement value of such assets, as determined by an independent appraiser. The remaining acquisition price, after allocation to such assets, was recorded as airport concessions. ICA’s investment in these rights and airport concessions is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Net acquisition cost | | Ps. | 6,444,908 | | | Ps. | 6,270,525 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Assigned to: | | | | | | | | |
Rights to use airport facilities | | | | | | | | |
Runways, taxiways, aprons | | | 1,528,878 | | | | 1,535,965 | |
Buildings | | | 1,002,794 | | | | 1,007,443 | |
Infrastructure work | | | 349,935 | | | | 351,557 | |
Land | | | 2,043,447 | | | | 2,052,920 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,925,054 | | | | 4,947,885 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | (897,626 | ) | | | (802,522 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,027,428 | | | | 4,145,363 | |
Airport concessions | | | 583,597 | | | | 590,625 | |
F-31
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Accumulated amortization | | | (142,176 | ) | | | (124,981 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 441,421 | | | | 465,644 | |
Improvements in concessioned assets | | | 2,102,094 | | | | 1,816,320 | |
Accumulated amortization | | | (456,132 | ) | | | (305,306 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,645,962 | | | | 1,511,014 | |
Construction of concessioned assets in progress | | | 293,256 | | | | 131,876 | |
Equipment in-transit and other | | | 36,841 | | | | 16,628 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 330,097 | | | | 148,504 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 6,444,908 | | | Ps. | 6,270,525 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Highways and Tunnel
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Projects completed and in operation: | | | | | | | | |
Construction cost | | Ps. | 4,690,102 | | | Ps. | 4,614,902 | |
Total financing cost | | | 268,497 | | | | 284,000 | |
Amortization | | | (985,982 | ) | | | (862,984 | ) |
Allowance for impairment | | | (1,116,130 | ) | | | (1,121,870 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 2,856,487 | | | | 2,914,048 | |
Construction in-progress | | | | | | | | |
Construction cost | | | 350,168 | | | | 58,801 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 3,206,655 | | | | 2,972,849 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 9,651,563 | | | Ps. | 9,243,374 | |
| | | | | | | | |
c) A description of the Company’s primary concessions accounted for as an intangible asset or financial asset is provided as follows:
Grupo Aeroportuario Centro Norte
GACN is engaged in administration, operation and, when applicable, construction and exploitation of airports under the concession granted by the Mexican Federal Government through the Communications and Transportation Ministry (“SCT”) for a50-year period beginning on November 1, 1998. As these airports are state-owned, after the termination of the concession period, any improvements and additional installations permanently attached to the concessioned assets and created during the concession period will revert to the state. The concessioned airports are:
Aeropuerto de Acapulco, Aeropuerto de Ciudad Juárez, Aeropuerto de Culiacán, Aeropuerto de Chihuahua, Aeropuerto de Durango, Aeropuerto de Mazatlán, Aeropuerto de Monterrey, Aeropuerto de Reynosa, Aeropuerto de San Luis Potosí, Aeropuerto de Tampico, Aeropuerto de Torreón, Aeropuerto de Zacatecas and Aeropuerto de Zihuatanejo.
As of 2006, GACN modified its estimate for the amortization of runway surfaces, taxiways and platforms, which are included under the caption of improvements in concessions and, considering an estimated useful life
F-32
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
of eight years, have an annual amortization rate of 12.5%. Through 2005, a 5% amortization rate was applied; the estimated change is primarily based on the experience obtained by GACN during the last eight years (GACN was incorporated in November 1998), which enabled it to identify differences from its original estimates with regards to factors affecting the behavior and wear of surfaces and paving, among other differences. Accordingly, the following factors were identified as those affecting the life of paved surfaces: meteorological conditions such as temperature, rain, humidity, paving structure, the volume of landing and takeoff operations, and aircraft size.
The effect derived from the change of the useful life of assets, net of income tax, for the year ended December 31, 2006, was Ps.22,375. A charge of Ps.31,515 was applied to results for this change and recorded in depreciation and amortization.
Each airport concession agreement contains the following terms and basic conditions:
| | |
| • | The concessionaire has the right to manage, operate, maintain and use the airport facilities and carry out any construction, improvements, or maintenance of facilities in accordance with its Master Development Program (“MDP”), and to provide airport, complementary and commercial services. The MDP must be updated every five years. |
|
| • | The concessionaire will use the airport facilities only for the purposes specified in the concession, will provide services in conformity with the law and applicable regulations, and will be subject to inspections by the SCT. |
|
| • | The concessionaire must pay a tax for the use of the concession assets (currently 5% of the concessionaire’s annual gross revenues derived from the use of public property), in conformity with the Mexican Federal Duties Law. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 such payment was Ps.98,307, Ps.85,028 and Ps.73,288, respectively. |
|
| • | At the time the concessions were granted, the concessionaire assumed the rights and obligations derived from airport-related agreements between Aeropuertos Servicios Auxiliares (“ASA”) and third parties. |
|
| • | ASA has the exclusive right to supply fuel for consumption at the airport. |
|
| • | The concessionaire must grant free access to specific airport areas to certain Mexican government agencies (such as customs and immigration) so that they may carry out their activities within the airport. |
|
| • | According to Article 27 of the Mexican General Law on Airports, the concession may be revoked if the concessionaire breaches any of the obligations established therein or falls under any of the causes for revocation referred to in Article 26 of law and in the concession agreement. The breach of certain concession terms may be cause for revocation if the SCT has applied sanctions in three different instances with respect to the same concession term. As of December 31, 2007, the Company was in compliance with such obligations. |
|
| • | The SCT may modify concession terms and conditions that regulate the Company’s operations. |
|
| • | The concession may be renewed in one or more instances for terms not to exceed 50 additional years. |
GACN is obligated to make investments in and perform improvements to concessioned assets according to the five-year MDP established in the concession title. At December 31, 2007, the total amount allocated for investments in fixed assets and improvements to concessioned goods was Ps.2,145,791 (Ps.1,890,102 historical pesos of September 2004), which represents the investment to be made over the following five years according to the MDP. In the year ended December 31, 2007, GACN did not carry out the planned investment corresponding to the system for inspection of documented luggage, because the provision of this service had not been formally defined between GACN and the airlines. The amount of this investment is for Ps.494,398.
F-33
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The estimated amount of future investments under the MDP as of December 31, 2007, of Ps.1,474,164, assumes the investment in the documented luggage inspection system will be made in 2008.
Annual amounts are as follows:
| | | | |
Year | | December 31, | |
|
2008 | | Ps. | 1,106,127 | |
2009 | | | 266,853 | |
2010 | | | 101,184 | |
| | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,474,164 | |
| | | | |
During the12-month period ended December 31, 2007, GACN made investments and performed improvements for the amount of Ps.658,010, as established by the MDP.
Corredor Sur
In August 1996, the Panamanian Ministry of Public Works (“MOP”) formally awarded to ICA Panama, S.A. (“ICA Panama”) one of the Company’s subsidiaries, a concession for the construction, operation and maintenance of the Corredor Sur Highway, which extends for a distance of 19.5 kilometers. The term of the concession is for 30 years from the commencement of operations, which period may expire prior to or after this stated term as a result of the Company having reached the recoverable investment amount under the concession contract. The Company concluded the first and last stage of the highway in August 1999 and February 2000, respectively.
A summary of the principal conditions of the concession and primary obligations of the concessionaire are outlined below:
| | |
| • | MOP shall not offer any subsidies or additional revenues to the concessionaire during or after construction for events of force majeure. |
|
| • | The concessionaire shall build the necessary improvements and equip an airport located in Albrook, Panama for no more than U.S.$10 million. On December 31, 1999, the Company delivered all of the required equipment and facilities for the Albrook Airport. |
|
| • | As part of the concession cost, the concessionaire assumes liability for any payments or indemnifications that MOP has to make for the acquisition or expropriation of privately owned real estate that is necessary for the execution of the concession. The Company’s liability derived from such payments shall not exceed U.S.$17.8 million. The cost of indemnifications amounted to U.S.$27.7 million; therefore, in accordance with the concession agreement, the remaining U.S.$9.9 million is included as part of the concession investment and will be recovered by means of rights granted to fill, develop and sell marine beds in the area between the Atlalpa convention center and the old Marco A. South Gelabert Airport or another equivalent location. |
|
| • | Under the terms of the original concession agreement the concessionaire received from MOP approximately 29.5 hectares of land and, as partial payment, the rights to fill 35 hectares of marine bed as well as the right to supply, develop and commercialize such marine beds during the concession period. The concessionaire was also granted the right to fill additional marine beds, under certain circumstances. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company still has pending rights to receive 11.6 hectares of the original 35 hectares marine beds or other equivalent rights. |
|
| • | For the first three years after commencement of the concession’s operations, the concessionaire is authorized to adjust the toll rates in conjunction with the NCPI or when the NCPI is increased by 5% or more. In the fourth year and until the ninth year of operation, the concessionaire is authorized to |
F-34
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | |
| | increase toll rates by 25% on an annual basis. After the ninth year of the concession’s operation and within three months of the beginning of each fiscal year, the concessionaire is entitled to adjust the toll rates if it is proven that the toll revenues will be insufficient to obtain the return on investment originally projected in the concession. If the market conditions do not allow for toll rate adjustments, the concession contract contains a clause that the Ministry of Public Works may extend the term of the concession agreement, if agreed upon, in order to allow the Company to recover its investment. |
| | |
| • | Ten years before the concession’s maturity date, the concessionaire shall submit a bond that guarantees the return of the highway in its original condition. |
|
| • | Upon expiration of the concession, the works shall be returned to the Ministry of Public Works, free of any costs and liens and in the same condition as when the highway was originally constructed. |
Toll revenues provided by this concession guarantee a secured bond which incurs a fixed annual interest rate of 6.95% and maturity in 2025, to refinance the debt contracted for Corredor Sur (see Note 18).
All the costs incurred in the construction of the Corredor Sur highway were capitalized.
During the construction phase of the Corredor Sur, certain modifications to the original project were proposed by ICA Panama. As a result, on July 14, 2004, the Center of Conciliation and Arbitration of Panama issued a decision in which it granted to the Company the right to receive in cash the equivalent of U.S.$25.5 million, comprised of additional costs of U.S.$17.1 million and financial costs that, to the date of the decision, amounted to U.S.$7.9 million. On December 30, 2005, ICA Panama received a payment from the government of Panama consisting of a government bond for U.S.$28.8 million, with maturity in 2015 and a 7% interest rate, payable biannually. At December 31, 2005, the Company classified this bond as available — for-sale and included it in short-term cash and cash equivalents. On January 31, 2006, the bond was sold at 101% of its face value.
Acapulco Tunnel
On May 20, 1994, the Government of the State of Guerrero (the “State Government”) granted, to one of the Company’s subsidiaries, a25-year concession for the construction, operation and maintenance of a 2.947 kilometer tunnel connecting Acapulco and Las Cruces. The concession term started in June 1994.
A summary of the principal conditions of the concession and primary obligations of the concessionaire are outlined below:
| | |
| • | The concessionaire cannot assign or encumber part or all of the rights derived from the concession without the prior authorization of the State Government, except for the toll collection rights, which can become part of a trust. |
|
| • | The State Government has the right to deregulate the concession following the procedures provided by law. |
|
| • | The State Government may, at any time, terminate the concession term, taking into consideration whether the concessionaire has recovered its total investment at the rate contained in the concession’s financial projections determined with the definitive amount of the investment and the financing cost. Upon expiration of the concession, the concession assets shall be returned to the State Government, free of any costs or liens, and in good condition. |
|
| • | The concessionaire shall perform the tunnel construction, in accordance with the technical project approved by the State Government. The State Government shall verify the construction standards, terms, opening to vehicle traffic, and the preservation and reconstruction works, in accordance with the standards issued by the State Government. |
F-35
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | |
| • | The concessionaire is authorized to adjust the toll rates every six months in accordance with the NCPI, or sooner if such index is increased by 5% or more. |
On November 25, 2002, the Congress of the State Government of Guerrero approved the extension of the concession term by 15 years because the actual volume of usage was lower than the amount foreseen by the terms of the concession agreement.
Toll revenues provided by this concession guarantee securitization certificates issued for the construction of the Acapulco Tunnel, for a17-year period at the Equilibrium Interbank Interest Rate (“TIIE”) plus 2.95%. Principal and interest will be paid on a semiannual basis commencing June 2008 (see Note 18).
Irapuato — La Piedad
In August 2005, the SCT granted the Company a20-year concession and service contract for the upgrading, operation, conservation and maintenance of the highway between Irapuato and La Piedad in the state of Guanajuato, covering a length of 74.3 km under the Service Provision Project (“PPS”) program. The amount the Company expects to invest is approximately Ps. 735 million. Under the PPS program, such investment is expected to be recovered through quarterly collections comprising: (1) a payment by the SCT for keeping the concessioned route available for its use; and (2) a payment by the SCT for which the amount is based upon the number of vehicles using the concessioned route in accordance with the established tariff. The modernization work must be finished by July 2008 to begin the operation, preservation and maintenance of the concessioned route. At the end of the concession, the assets subject thereto will revert to the Mexican government.
Toll revenues provided by this concession guarantee a simple credit granted for the modernization and extension of the highway of the Irapuato — La Piedad concession, with maturity in November 2019, bearing interest at the TIIE plus 2.5% (see Note 18).
Capitalization of CFC started in February 2006 and has not been concluded. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, accumulated CFC amounts to Ps.6,132 and Ps.4,493, respectively. The annual average capitalization rate was 1.28% and 1.26%, respectively.
Querétaro — Irapuato
In June 2006, the SCT granted a20-year concession and services agreement to upgrade, extend and conserve the toll-free Querétaro-Irapuato highway in the states of Querétaro and Guanajuato. A total of 93 km of the 108 km will be upgraded under the PPS program and will be toll-free. The total project value is Ps.1,465 million, which includes Ps.1,172 million for engineering, procurement and construction of the sections to be modernized and extended. The remaining investment amount includes financing, maintenance and operation during the modernization stage.
This investment will be recovered through quarterly payments comprising: (1) the availability payment received from the SCT; and (2) the payment received from the SCT based on the number of vehicles using the concessioned highway according to the defined tariff. Modernization and extension work must be concluded in October 2009. Following the conclusion of this concession, the assets under the Querétaro-Irapuato concession will revert to the Mexican government.
Capitalization of CFC started in July 2006 and concluded on December 31, 2006; accumulated CFC amounted to Ps.1,260. The annual average capitalization rate was 6%.
Nuevo Necaxa — Tihuatlán
In June 2007, the SCT granted a30-year concession for a total investment of Ps.6,887 for: (i) construction, operation, maintenance and conservation of the Nuevo Necaxa — Ávila Camacho highway of 36.6 km;
F-36
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(ii) operation, maintenance and conservation of the Ávila Camacho — Tihuatlán highway of 48.1 km; and (iii) long-term service contract for the Nuevo Necaxa — Ávila Camacho highway capacity service. Following the conclusion of this concession, the assets under the concession will revert to the Mexican government.
Río Verde — Ciudad Valles
In July 2007, the SCT granted the Company a20-year concession of the highway between Río Verde and Ciudad Valles covering a length of 113.2 km for a total investment of Ps.3,122 million for: (i) operation, maintenance upgrade, conservation and extension of the Río Verde — Rayón highway of 36.6 km; (ii) construction, operation, maintenance and conservation of the Rayón — La Pitaya II highway of 68.6 km; and (iii) operation, maintenance upgrade, conservation and extension of the La Pitaya — Ciudad Valles III highway of 8.0 km. At the end of the concession, the assets subject thereto will revert to the Mexican government.
d) Investments in concessions through associated companies are as follows:
Red de Carreteras de Occidente (“RCO”)
RCO was formed on August 13, 2007, and ICA owns 20% of its capital stock. In October 2007, the SCT granted to RCO a30-year concession for the construction, operation, maintenance and conservation of the Maravatío — Zapotlanejo and Guadalajara — Aguascalientes — León highways covering a length of 558 km, in the states of Michoacán, Jalisco, Guanajuato and Aguascalientes. Additionally, the concession includes up to Ps.1,500 million of additional investments for extension of the four highways to be carried out in the future. At the end of the concession, the assets subject thereto will revert to the Mexican government.
Condensed financial information of RCO at December 31, 2007 is as follows:
| | | | |
| | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | |
|
Balance sheet: | | | | |
Current assets | | Ps. | 2,072,662 | |
Investment in concession | | | 44,251,322 | |
Other non-current assets | | | 770,420 | |
Current liabilities | | | (412,553 | ) |
Long-term debt | | | (31,106,000 | ) |
Other non-current liabilities | | | (19,469 | ) |
Stockholders’ equity | | | (15,556,382 | ) |
Statement of operations: | | | | |
Revenues | | Ps. | 665,696 | |
Operating income | | | 211,677 | |
Net loss | | | (267,680 | ) |
Long-term debt includes a loan received in September 2007 from financial institutions for Ps.31,100 million, which is guaranteed by the toll revenues provided by this concession. The loan has a seven-year term with the possibility to be extended by ten years, with monthly interest payments at the rate of TIIE plus 1.20% to 1.65% in the first year and gradually increasing in subsequent years up to a range of 1.80% to 2.25% in the sixth and seventh years. The loan includes additional credit lines for liquidity and capital expenditures for Ps.3,100 and Ps.3,000 million, respectively.
F-37
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Proactiva Medio Ambiente México
Proactiva Medio Ambiente México (“PMA México”) is a consortium comprised of Constructoras ICA, S.A. de C.V. and Proactiva Medio Ambiente, S.A. de C.V. (“Proactiva”), whose principal activities are the operation of water supply distribution, treatment and management systems, as well as the disposal of solid waste to landfill sites, through concessions granted by governmental organizations. On January 30 2007, the Company executed an agreement to acquire an additional 39% equity interest in PMA México for U.S.$39 million. Accordingly, ICA owns 49% of PMA México, and the remaining 51% is owned by Proactiva.
Condensed financial information of PMA at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Balance sheets: | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | Ps. | 594,186 | | | Ps. | 508,314 | |
Investment in concession | | | 721,947 | | | | 569,406 | |
Other non-current assets | | | 177,648 | | | | 201,528 | |
Current liabilities | | | (440,075 | ) | | | (369,483 | ) |
Long-term debt | | | (146,696 | ) | | | (138,013 | ) |
Other non-current liabilities | | | (64,619 | ) | | | (38,437 | ) |
Stockholders’ equity | | | (842,391 | ) | | | (733,315 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Statements of operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | Ps. | 1,045,583 | | | Ps. | 959,885 | | | Ps. | 950,445 | |
Operating income | | | 154,288 | | | | 142,278 | | | | 102,744 | |
Net income | | | 109,327 | | | | 89,179 | | | | 112,491 | |
Acueducto II Water System in Queretaro
Suministro de Agua de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V. was created on May 17, 2007, for the purpose of rendering services of water pipeline and purification of the Acueducto II System. In May 2007, it signed the concession contract to provide the pipeline and purification service for the Acueducto II system, together with the respective operation and maintenance, to carry water from the El Infiernillo source on the Rio Moctezuma. The project includes the construction of a collection reservoir, two pumping plants, a tunnel 4,840 m long through the mountain and 84 km section downwards, a purification plant and a storage tank. This system will supply 50,000,000 m3 of drinking water a year, equal to 75% of the current supply of water for the metropolitan zone of Querétaro. The fixed-price agreed was Ps.3,156 million.
F-38
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
12. | Investment in Affiliated Companies |
A summary of the investments in affiliated companies accounted for by the equity method is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Investment Balance
| | | | |
| | Ownership Percentage | | | | | As of December 31, | | | | |
Project | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | Type of Business | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | | |
| | % | | | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Consorcio Dragados-ICA-Vialpa (“DRAVICA”) | | | 49.9 | % | | | 49.9 | % | | Construction | | Ps. | 21,511 | | | Ps. | 25,468 | | | | | |
Holding Dicomex, S. A. de C. V. | | | 50 | % | | | 50 | % | | Construction | | | 1,422 | | | | 1,429 | | | | | |
Los Portales, S.A. | | | 18 | % | | | 18 | % | | Real Estate | | | 44,993 | | | | 35,388 | | | | | |
Reinsurance, DG(1) | | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % | | Insurance | | | 30,557 | | | | 11,386 | | | | | |
Autopista Concesionada de Venezuela, C.A. (“AUCOVEN”)(1) | | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % | | Concessionaire | | | 48,993 | | | | 55,925 | | | | | |
Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | 66,056 | | | | 39,340 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ps. | 213,532 | | | Ps. | 168,936 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | This entity is not included in the consolidation regime because its transactions are immaterial. |
| |
13. | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Land | | Ps. | 327,868 | | | Ps. | 199,040 | |
Buildings | | | 443,680 | | | | 449,618 | |
Machinery and operating equipment | | | 1,920,210 | | | | 1,921,372 | |
Furniture, office equipment and vehicles | | | 578,857 | | | | 595,213 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | (1,950,009 | ) | | | (2,040,322 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,320,606 | | | | 1,124,921 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Machinery and equipment under lease | | | 207,880 | | | | 91,025 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | (45,174 | ) | | | (8,190 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,483,312 | | | | 1,207,756 | |
Construction in-process in concessions | | | 6,694 | | | | 5,225 | |
Machinery and equipment in-transit | | | 13,026 | | | | 73,402 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,503,032 | | | Ps. | 1,286,383 | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-39
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Other assets are comprised of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Other expenses related to uncompleted contracts, net (accumulated amortization of Ps.71,114 and Ps.696,442 for 2007 and 2006, respectively) | | Ps. | 294,512 | | | Ps. | 56,113 | |
Intangible asset from labor obligations | | | 388,647 | | | | 410,593 | |
Commissions and other financing costs | | | 298,196 | | | | 207,818 | |
Goodwill | | | 150,641 | | | | 12 | |
Other | | | 208,640 | | | | 96,205 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,340,636 | | | Ps. | 770,741 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Notes payable consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Notes payable to banks(1) | | Ps. | 1,100,872 | | | Ps. | 753,517 | |
Notes payable to banks denominated in U.S. dollars | | | 349,276 | | | | 646,130 | |
Other denominations (mainly euros) | | | 76,624 | | | | 106,963 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,526,772 | | | Ps. | 1,506,610 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, approximately Ps.108,060 and Ps.289,808, respectively, of the notes payable were used to finance low-income housing projects.
The notes payable to banks are unsecured, short-term notes with weighted average variable interest rates of 9.13% and 6.55% in 2007 and 9.4% and 7.6% in 2006, for notes denominated in Mexican pesos and U.S. dollars, respectively.
At December 31, 2007 the Company has available bank credit lines for Ps.13,552 million.
(1) Includes Ps.57,709 and Ps.100,707 of accrued interest as of December 2007 and 2006, respectively.
| |
16. | Other Current Liabilities |
Other current liabilities consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Accrual for operating expenses | | Ps. | 1,160,825 | | | Ps. | 1,234,475 | |
Services and other | | | 935,072 | | | | 555,494 | |
Accounts payable due to related parties | | | 411,175 | | | | 256,484 | |
Freight carriers and subcontractors | | | 49,873 | | | | 30,478 | |
Taxes other than income tax | | | 221,310 | | | | 278,625 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 2,778,255 | | | Ps. | 2,355,556 | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-40
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
At December 31, 2007 the composition and changes of principal provisions is as follows:
a) Current:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Provision
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Used and
| | | | | | | | | Inflationary
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2006 | | | Transfers | | | Additions | | | Reversals | | | Effects | | | 2007 | |
|
Costs expected to be incurred at the end of the project | | Ps. | 195,154 | | | Ps. | (11,126 | ) | | Ps. | 31,366 | | | Ps. | (16,760 | ) | | Ps. | (7,754 | ) | | Ps. | 190,880 | |
Claims | | | 67,409 | | | | (6,911 | ) | | | 5,897 | | | | (13,476 | ) | | | (2,474 | ) | | | 50,445 | |
Contingencies and warranty reserves for construction contracts | | | 453,490 | | | | (22,890 | ) | | | 157,764 | | | | (297,674 | ) | | | (18,446 | ) | | | 272,244 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 716,053 | | | Ps. | (40,927 | ) | | Ps. | 195,027 | | | Ps. | (327,910 | ) | | Ps. | (28,674 | ) | | Ps. | 513,569 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Provision
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | Used and
| | | | | | Inflationary
| | December 31,
|
| | 2005 | | Transfers | | Additions | | Reversals | | Effects | | 2006 |
|
Current provisions | | Ps. | 801,941 | | | Ps. | (49,054 | ) | | Ps. | 274,644 | | | Ps. | (277,018 | ) | | Ps. | (34,460 | ) | | Ps. | 716,053 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Provision
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | Used and
| | | | | | Inflationary
| | December 31,
|
| | 2004 | | Transfers | | Additions | | Reversals | | Effects | | 2005 |
|
Current provisions | | Ps. | 695,529 | | | Ps. | (142,714 | ) | | Ps. | 269,336 | | | Ps. | (19,167 | ) | | Ps. | (1,043 | ) | | Ps | 801,941 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
b) Other long-term:
Other long-term liabilities include among other obligations, labor liabilities as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 of Ps.590,709 and Ps.541,721, respectively, as well as the following provisions:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | Provision
| | | | Inflationary
| | December 31,
|
| | 2006 | | Used | | Additions | | Effects | | 2007 |
|
Contingencies and warranty reserves for construction contracts | | Ps. | 100,215 | | | Ps. | (57,074 | ) | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | (4,076 | ) | | Ps. | 39,065 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | Provision
| | | | Inflationary
| | December 31,
|
| | 2005 | | Used | | Additions | | Effects | | 2006 |
Contingencies and warranty reserves for construction contracts | | Ps. | 603,264 | | | Ps. | (508,178 | ) | | Ps. | 31,052 | | | Ps. | (25,923 | ) | | Ps. | 100,215 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | Provision
| | | | Inflationary
| | December 31,
|
| | 2004 | | Used | | Additions | | Effects | | 2005 |
Contingencies and warranty reserves for construction contracts | | Ps. | 293,837 | | | Ps. | (24,257 | ) | | Ps. | 334,125 | | | Ps. | (441 | ) | | Ps. | 603,264 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company’s industry requires projects to be executed with particular specifications and guarantees, thus obligating the Company to create guarantee and contingency reserves that are reviewed and adjusted during project execution and until or after the conclusion of each specific project.
F-41
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Additions, uses, transfers and reversals shown in the preceding table represent adjustments to the guarantee and contingency reserves derived from the aforementioned reviews, together with any adjustments derived from the expiration of guarantee and contingency reserves. Additionally in 2007, the Company reversed provisions other than costs expected to be incurred at the end of the project for Ps.112,474 related to expired tax contingencies.
Long-term debt consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Payable U.S. dollars: | | | | | | | | |
Secured bond (secured by toll collections), with a fixed annual interest rate of 6.95% and maturity in 2025, to refinance the debt contracted for Corredor Sur, which is guaranteed by toll revenues. | | Ps. | 1,631,925 | | | Ps. | 1,692,306 | |
Loan maturing in September 2008 at the London Interbank Offered rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3.60% (5.39% and 8.97% at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively), collateralized by the shares of SISSA Coahuila, S.A. de C.V., a subsidiary of the Company and by the related project revenues. | | | 26,157 | | | | 54,713 | |
Loan guaranteed by 36% of the shares of GACN, collection rights from dividends and loans paid by SETA and the reimbursement of capital contributions, which bore interest at the LIBOR rate plus 2.35% (7.72% at December 31, 2006); this loan matured in June 2007. | | | — | | | | 2,080,220 | |
Bridge loan for working capital for the construction of the La Yesca Hydroelectric Dam of U.S.$80 million, payable when long-term financing for the project is obtained. The interest rate is LIBOR plus 75 basis points (5.35% as of December 31, 2007). As of December 31, 2007 U.S.$35 million has been drawn against the loan.(1) | | | 383,956 | | | | — | |
Bank loan granted in euros for import purchases, maturing in June 2015, payable in 16 semiannual installments, bearing interest at EUROLIBOR plus a 0.45% margin (5.2056% as of December 31, 2007). | | | 93,910 | | | | — | |
Syndicated loan of U.S.$452 million to finance the El Cajón hydroelectric project, which matured in August 2007. The interest rate as of December 31, 2006 was 8.5%. In 2007, the loan was paid on its maturity date. | | | — | | | | 4,865,011 | |
Bond of U.S.$230 million bearing interest at an annual rate of 6.5% for the El Cajón hydroelectric project, maturing in May 2008. In 2007, this loan was paid early. | | | — | | | | 2,594,237 | |
Other | | | 85,009 | | | | 44,792 | |
F-42
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Payable in Mexican pesos: | | | | | | | | |
Issuance of securitization certificates through the subsidiary Túneles Concesionados de Acapulco, which assigns collection rights and toll revenues of the Acapulco Tunnel. These certificates were issued at a17-year term, bearing interest at TIIE plus 2.95% (10.41% and 10.41% as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively). Principal and interest are paid semiannually beginning in June 2008, with a three-year grace period for principal and the option to early pay as of the ninth anniversary of its issuance. | | | 800,000 | | | | 834,643 | |
Unsecured loan granted for modernization and extension of the Irapuato — La Piedad highway, maturing in November 2019, bearing interest at TIIE plus 2.5% (10% and 9.8% as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively)(2) | | | 480,433 | | | | 374,218 | |
In June 2007, Aeroinvest placed three discounted Europeso bonds for Ps.2,805 million with a ten-year term. In October 2007, a bond with a principal amount of Ps.355 million was prepaid. The fixed interest rates on the remaining two bonds for the first seven years are 7.75% and 11.07%, and 9.75% and 13.07% for the remaining three years. Payment of these bonds is guaranteed with the economic rights associated with equity in GACN, guaranteed by Aeroinvest and ICA. The discount paid in placing these bonds was Ps.216 million and is presented as a reduction of the debt. The effective rate during 2007 was 9.34%. | | | 2,247,263 | | | | — | |
In June 2007, CONOISA obtained financing of Ps.430 million for the acquisition of shares of PMA México. The interest rate is TIIE plus 0.45%; payable quarterly; as of December 31, 2007, the interest rate was 8.46%. The principal payment date begins in June 2008 and concludes in February 2012. | | | 430,001 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 6,178,654 | | | | 12,540,140 | |
Current portion | | | 188,560 | | | | 4,957,864 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 5,990,094 | | | Ps. | 7,582,276 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The scheduled maturities of long-term debt as of December 31, 2007 is as follows:
| | | | |
Year Ending
| | | |
December 31, | | | |
|
2009 | | Ps. | 200,012 | |
2010 | | | 254,846 | |
2011 | | | 247,742 | |
2012 | | | 655,781 | |
2013 and thereafter | | | 4,631,713 | |
| | | | |
| | Ps. | 5,990,094 | |
| | | | |
(1) Two options were executed that establish a maximum interest rate of 5.5% on an ascending notional amount with a maximum of U.S.$910 million. This transaction was designated as a cash flow hedge, and a premium of U.S.$7.3 million was paid at the beginning of the transaction. Since the derivatives were
F-43
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
contracted, the interest rate on the related debt has not exceeded 5.5%, and as of December 31, 2007, the fair value of the derivative is U.S.$3.5 million. The difference between the premium paid and the fair value was recognized in results. No ineffectiveness was recognized in 2007.
(2) With respect to the unsecured loan granted in August 2006, the Company entered into a derivative financial instrument known as a “European option” that limits the interest rate on the debt to a maximum rate of 8.5%(28-day TIIE rate) on a notional amount of Ps.580 million. The option has a term of four years, renewable on an annual basis; the dates of exercise of the option coincide with maturities of monthly interest. On the date the Company entered into the option, it paid a premium of Ps.10,000. The December 31, 2007 fair value of the option was Ps.3,530; the difference between the premium paid and the fair value was recognized in results, because the option was classified as trading for accounting purposes.
Long-term debt and other agreements of the Company’s subsidiaries provide for various covenants that restrict the ability of certain subsidiaries of the Company to incur additional indebtedness and capital lease obligations, issue guarantees, sell fixed and other non-current assets and make capital distributions to the Company, as well as require compliance with certain other financial ratios. These financial ratios include: the ratio of total liabilities to equity; the ratio of current assets to current liabilities; the ratio of current assets less affiliated accounts receivable to current liabilities; and the ratio of operating earnings plus depreciation to net financing expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company and its subsidiaries were in compliance with such covenants.
| |
19. | Foreign Currency Balances and Transactions |
a. The monetary position in foreign currencies of the Company’s Mexican subsidiaries is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Foreign
| | | | | | Foreign
| | | | |
| | Currency
| | | Mexican Peso
| | | Currency
| | | Mexican Peso
| |
Currency | | Balances | | | Equivalent | | | Balances | | | Equivalent | |
| | (Thousands) | | | | | | (Thousands) | | | (Nominal Value) | |
|
U.S. dollars: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets | | $ | 369,518 | | | Ps. | 4,020,169 | | | $ | 943,127 | | | Ps. | 10,139,083 | |
Liabilities | | | (228,036 | ) | | | (2,492,319 | ) | | | (1,080,996 | ) | | | (11,696,915 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset (liability) position | | $ | 141,482 | | | Ps. | 1,527,850 | | | $ | (137,869 | ) | | Ps. | (1,557,832 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
b. The non-monetary assets purchased in foreign currencies by the Company’s Mexican subsidiaries are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
| | Foreign
| | | | | | Foreign
| | | | |
| | Currency
| | | Mexican Peso
| | | Currency
| | | Mexican Peso
| |
| | Balances | | | Equivalent | | | Balances | | | Equivalent | |
| | (Thousands
| | | | | | (Thousands
| | | | |
| | of U.S. dollars) | | | | | | of U.S. dollars) | | | | |
|
Machinery and equipment | | $ | 46,421 | | | Ps. | 505,037 | | | $ | 30,516 | | | Ps. | 328,062 | |
Inventories | | | 7,191 | | | | 78,234 | | | | 5,750 | | | | 61,813 | |
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EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
c. Condensed financial information of foreign subsidiaries expressed in thousands of U.S. dollars is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Current assets | | $ | 198,413 | | | $ | 172,451 | |
Non-current assets | | | 301,259 | | | | 296,469 | |
Total liabilities | | | (318,109 | ) | | | (308,582 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net assets | | $ | 181,563 | | | $ | 160,338 | |
| | | | | | | | |
d. Transactions in thousands of U.S. dollars are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Exports | | $ | 419,939 | | | $ | 16,104 | |
Purchases | | | 1,229,750 | | | | 51,222 | |
Interest expense | | | 39,938 | | | | 97,908 | |
e. Pertinent exchange rate information at the date of the financial statements is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
U.S. dollar currency exchange | | Buy | | Sell | | Buy | | Sell |
|
Interbank rate | | Ps. | 10.8795 | | | Ps. | 10.9295 | | | Ps. | 10.7505 | | | Ps. | 10.8205 | |
f. As of March 6, 2008, the interbank buy and sell exchange rates were Ps 10.8210 and Ps.10.8510, respectively.
| |
20. | Income and Asset Taxes |
In accordance with Mexican tax law, ICA is subject to ISR, and through 2007, to IMPAC on a consolidated basis with its subsidiaries.
In 2007, IMPAC was calculated by applying 1.25% to the value of the Company’s assets, without deducting any liabilities. Through 2006, IMPAC was calculated by applying 1.8% on the net average of the majority of restated assets less certain liabilities, including liabilities payable to banks and foreign entities. IMPAC is payable only to the extent that it exceeded ISR payable for the same period.
a. Income taxes expense is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Income tax expense | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current | | Ps. | 208,552 | | | Ps. | 240,359 | | | Ps. | 96,930 | |
Deferred | | | (453,324 | ) | | | 484,174 | | | | 115,731 | |
Deferred IETU | | | 1,535,653 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Change in statutory tax rate | | | — | | | | — | | | | 49,734 | |
Change in valuation allowance | | | 658,382 | | | | (326,791 | ) | | | 112,916 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 1,949,263 | | | Ps. | 397,742 | | | Ps. | 375,311 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
b. The reconciliation of the statutory income tax rate and the effective income tax rate as a percentage of net income before income tax for 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | % | | | % | | | % | |
|
Statutory rate | | | 28.00 | | | | 29.00 | | | | 30.00 | |
Foreign subsidiaries net operating results | | | (13.56 | ) | | | (4.66 | ) | | | 0.66 | |
Inflationary and monetary fluctuation effects | | | 35.70 | | | | 5.56 | | | | (2.95 | ) |
Change in statutory rates | | | | | | | | | | | 4.74 | |
Tax consolidation effects | | | (30.49 | ) | | | 19.18 | | | | (7.26 | ) |
Other | | | (1.74 | ) | | | (0.68 | ) | | | (4.18 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 17.91 | | | | 48.40 | | | | 21.01 | |
Change in valuation allowance | | | 17.61 | | | | (21.34 | ) | | | 10.77 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
IETU | | | 131.88 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effective rate | | | 167.40 | | | | 27.06 | | | | 31.78 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
c. The main items comprising the asset (liability) balance of deferred income taxes at December 31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts and other | | Ps. | (487,344 | ) | | Ps. | (2,314,823 | ) |
Inventories | | | — | | | | (12,840 | ) |
Real estate inventories | | | — | | | | (102,639 | ) |
Property, plant and equipment | | | (951 | ) | | | (162,468 | ) |
Intangible assets from labor obligations | | | (83,127 | ) | | | (95,547 | ) |
Investment in concessions | | | — | | | | (1,182,842 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | (571,422 | ) | | | (3,871,159 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Accrued expenses and reserves | | | 138,133 | | | | 603,956 | |
Advances from customers | | | 171,341 | | | | 495,315 | |
Real estate inventories | | | 31,158 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 340,632 | | | | 1,099,271 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred income tax liabilities | | | (230,790 | ) | | | (2,771,888 | ) |
Tax loss carryforwards in consolidated tax reporting | | | 786,118 | | | | 923,516 | |
Tax loss carryforwards in unconsolidated tax reporting | | | 343,970 | | | | 2,030,344 | |
Asset tax | | | 2,267,802 | | | | 2,326,746 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total net deferred tax asset | | | 3,167,100 | | | | 2,508,718 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (3,167,100 | ) | | | (2,508,718 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-46
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
d. The main items comprising the liability balance of deferred IETU at December 31, 2007 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | Basis | | | Tax Rate 17.5% | |
|
Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Provisions | | Ps. | 404,983 | | | Ps. | 70,872 | |
Trade accounts receivable | | | (678,697 | ) | | | (118,772 | ) |
Inventories | | | (58,354 | ) | | | (10,212 | ) |
Real estate inventory | | | (1,113,360 | ) | | | (194,838 | ) |
Investment in concessions | | | (4,733,143 | ) | | | (828,300 | ) |
Property, plant and equipment | | | (2,602,840 | ) | | | (455,497 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | (8,781,411 | ) | | Ps. | (1,536,747 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
e. In accordance with Mexican tax law, tax losses restated by the NCPI may be carried forward for a period of ten years, from the year after they were generated. The amount of the Company’s consolidated asset tax credits and consolidated tax loss carryforwards and expiration dates as of December 31, 2007, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
Year of
| | Asset tax
| | | Tax loss
| |
Expiration | | credits | | | carry forwards | |
|
2008 | | Ps. | 470,077 | | | Ps. | — | |
2010 | | | 423,604 | | | | — | |
2011 | | | 344,160 | | | | 465,857 | |
2012 | | | 200,444 | | | | 333,694 | |
2013 | | | 167,260 | | | | — | |
2014 | | | 116,073 | | | | 849,489 | |
2015 | | | 94,993 | | | | — | |
2016 | | | 58,500 | | | | 1,158,524 | |
2017 | | | 226,145 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 2,101,256 | | | Ps. | 2,807,564 | |
| | | | | | | | |
f. The balances of stockholders’ equity tax accounts at December 31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Contributed capital account | | Ps. | 19,284,451 | | | Ps. | 18,757,632 | |
Net consolidated tax profit account | | | 9,559,618 | | | | 9,940,272 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 28,844,069 | | | Ps. | 28,697,904 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| |
21. | Commitments and Contingencies |
a. At December 31, 2007, certain subsidiary companies are party to lawsuits incidental to their business, which the Company’s management believes will be resolved in favor of the Company or with an insignificant effect on financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company.
b. In January 2000, ICA presented an arbitration demand against the Institute for Urban Development of the Capital District of Bogota, Colombia (“IDU,” its acronym in Spanish), in which ICA claimed payment of
F-47
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
works executed, additional costs and the termination and liquidation of the public works contract for the refurbishment of the Malla Vial street network in Bogota (the “Contract”), for contract breach by the IDU and because an economic disequilibria established in the Contract had occurred. In April 2002, the Arbitration Tribunal issued an arbitration award finalizing the process and ordering compensation for the claims by the parties. This arbitration award resulted in a net balance of U.S.$2.2 million in favor of the IDU and set forth the criteria for the termination of the Contract.
After the issuance of the arbitration award, and prior to it being executed, both the IDU and ICA made further formal reciprocal claims. The IDU brought a claim for liquidated damages for breach in the amount of approximately U.S. $4.7 million and made a claim against the bonding company for the return of the advance payment that had not yet been applied. ICA not only challenged these new claims by the IDU, it also demanded indemnification in the amount of U.S. $8.7 million as well as damages caused by the inability to execute public works in Colombia, payment due for various works executed, and interest and other expenses that were not included in the arbitration totaling U.S.$9.1 million. In December 2004, an administrative tribunal decreed the inclusion of all the causes of action initiated by ICA into one case. In February 2006, the administrative tribunal ruled in favor of the IDU with respect to its claim against the bonding company.
Similarly, with regard to the Arbitration Ruling, in September 2004, IDU filed a legal recognition proceeding with a Judge in Mexico City to demand the payment of approximately US$2.2 million, plus legal costs and expenses. Although ICA attempted to challenge the Arbitration Ruling, the legal order was upheld under which ICA must pay IDU the amount of 5,092,642,292 Colombian pesos or the equivalent in Mexican pesos. However, this ruling did not require ICA to pay interest, expenses or costs; the amount payable has therefore been accrued. ICA is awaiting information from IDU to enable it to settle this payment and obtain the respective receipt in Bogota. Likewise, the parties will jointly sign and file a document with the Tenth Civil District Court of the Federal District to request that the Judge acknowledge the definitive conclusion of the Arbitration Ruling.
c. In 1994, Servicio Metropolitano, S.A. de C.V. (“SERVIMET”), filed a claim against the Company for alleged breach of contract. In September 2001, the ruling court ordered the Company to refund the contract amount prepaid by SERVIMET plus an additional penalty equal to 10% of the total contract amount for Ps.34 million. The Company refunded the prepayment made by SERVIMET and has created a provision for the penalty amount plus other charges determined by the management of the Company. ICA has filed a legal challenge with respect to this penalty and is currently awaiting a verdict.
d. As part of the closing and settlement process of the El Cajón Hydroelectric Project, CIISA and the CFE have agreed to submit to arbitration the items where they have been unable to reach agreement in regard to the work contract. Accordingly, on December 28, 2007, CIISA filed an arbitration request with the International Arbitration Court of the International Chamber of Commerce. In February 2008, the CFE appointed its arbitrator with this Court.
e. The following contingencies exist for GACN: A lawsuit has been filed against the Ciudad Juárez Airport, challenging the assertion of the ownership of the land occupied by the airport, and, if a change in ownership is not possible, seeking the payment of compensation for damages and lost profits. Payment sought is for a total of U.S.$120 million. At the date of these financial statements, a verdict has been issued whereby this lawsuit has been resolved and which instructs the airport to return the land, consequently declaring the payment claim invalid. However, the contingency remains in effect because an appeal has been filed by each party, and the outcome of such appeals has yet to be determined. If the verdict goes against the airport, it is believed that any adverse effects will be absorbed by the Mexican federal government, as established in the airport concession title.
On May 18, 2005, after a series of verdicts the Company received and challenged since 2002, a verdict was issued whereby Ciudad Juárez Airport was required to deliver an area of 240 hectares to the successor of
F-48
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Enrique Clay Creel. Correspondingly, the Mexican Airport and Auxiliary Services Agency and GACN were released from the economic claims to which they were subject.
The Ciudad Juárez Airport filed for injunctive relief against the above verdict by submitting several arguments. The first of these is a request for the intervention of the SCT. The importance of the SCT’s participation in this legal proceeding is based on its role as initial grantor of the Ciudad Juárez Airport concession, while the respective concession title only grants the legal capacity of concessionaire. On August 25, 2006, the First Civil Collegiate Court granted injunctive relief to the Ciudad Juárez Airport, subsequently instructing the Court of Appeals to issue a new verdict based on different evidence, while determining the need for the Federal Government to appear as the main defendant, as opposed to only the Ciudad Juárez Airport, which is only the concessionaire.
On November 8, 2006, the Civil Court issued a new ruling which, given the existence of joinder of defendants, overturned the main lawsuit, while maintaining the rights of the plaintiff to file the respective legal proceeding.
The successor of Enrique Clay Creel filed for injunctive relief against the above ruling, which was admitted by the First Collegiate Court on January 22, 2007. The Collegiate Court declared itself unqualified to rule on this lawsuit and subsequently issued an order to submit it to the District Judge. The lawsuit was accepted on March 6, 2007 by the First District Court of Chihuahua, which on July 3, 2007, published a verdict granting injunctive relief to the plaintiff, thereby overturning the favorable verdict received by the Company issued by the Civil Court. It also ordered the issuance of a new verdict regarding the effects of the joinder of defendants.
In the session of November 8, 2007, the Collegiate Court issued a verdict confirming the favorable decision for the plaintiff of the District Court of Chihuahua. On that same date, the plaintiff filed a challenge against the original verdict issued on August 25, 2006, by the judge of the First Civil Collegiate Court, arguing inadequate compliance with the injunctive relief ruling issued to the Ciudad Juarez Airport. This proceeding was heard by the Court on December 13, 2007, and was rejected on December 21, 2007.
As a result of the above rulings, the original claimants must now include the SCT as a party to the litigation. The SCT was notified of this verdict.
On June 27, 2006, the town council of Zihuatanejo issued a ruling determining an additional amount of Ps.4,482 with regard to the liability derived from real estate property tax for the period from 1996 to 2000.
f. Performance guarantees —In the normal course of business, the Company is required to secure construction obligations, mainly related to the completion of construction contracts or the quality of its work, by granting letters of credit or bonds. At December 31, 2007, the Company had granted such letters of credit and bonds to its customers for Ps.2,319,080 and U.S.$1,005 million, respectively.
In addition, the Company entered into a letter of credit of U.S. $8.1 million related to the construction and financing contract of the El Cajón hydroelectric plant. These amounts will decrease over time as the Company completes the final stage andwrap-up of the projects.
Certain affiliated companies have requirements to guarantee their obligations and responsibilities under certain concession arrangements and construction contracts, for which bonds and letters of credit in the amount of Ps.316,687 and U.S.$72.6 million have been entered into.
g. Leasing agreements —ICAFD has entered into a lease agreement for machinery and equipment, tools and related maintenance service for a10-year period, which began in October 1998. The lease expense, which is calculated based on the usage of the machinery and equipment was Ps.390,750, Ps.245,340 and Ps.149,868, for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Such lease agreements do not stipulate a minimum usage requirement.
F-49
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
In addition, beginning in 2002, ICAFD began leasing office space under a15-year operating lease. Such lease agreement stipulates annual lease revenues of approximately U.S.$1.8 million.
h. The subsidiary GACN receives revenues from operating lease agreements. The contracts for these leases are based on either a monthly rental (which generally increases each year based on the monthly NCPI) or the greater of a monthly minimum guaranteed rent or a percentage of the monthly revenues.
At December 31, 2007, minimum future rentals are as follows:
| | | | |
Year | | December 31, | |
|
2008 | | Ps. | 223,149 | |
2009 | | | 109,440 | |
2010 | | | 67,874 | |
2011 | | | 38,440 | |
2012 | | | 22,682 | |
2013 and thereafter | | | 87,205 | |
| | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 548,790 | |
| | | | |
Minimum future rentals, which are generally increased each year according to the NCPI do not include contingent rentals related to increases derived from the NCPI or contingent rentals involving certain contracts that can be collected by GACN in excess of the minimum guaranteed rental based on the percentage of the monthly revenues obtained by the lessee. The revenues from contingent rentals recorded during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, were Ps. 68,379 Ps.57,792 and Ps.61,758, respectively.
a. At December 31, 2007, the authorized common stock of the Company is Ps.6,949,869(including treasury shares, in nominal pesos) with a single class of common stock without par value, comprised of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | Amount | |
|
Subscribed and paid shares | | | 498,029,907 | | | Ps. | 6,901,841 | |
Shares held in treasury | | | 7,242,938 | | | | 48,028 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 505,272,845 | | | Ps. | 6,949,869 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The resolutions made at the Stockholders’ Extraordinary General Meeting on July 14, 2005 approved an amendment to the Company’s corporate bylaws to establish that, at the Ordinary General Meeting held at each year-end close, the financial information of the fiscal year in question be approved, and the Board of Directors must indicate the number of shares representing minimum fixed capital at the end of the business year. The Board of Directors proposed a decrease in the number of shares representing the Company’s minimum fixed capital from 47,084,366 to 34,390,991, which the shareholders approved. The result of the new average theoretical value derived from the consolidation regime was Ps.13.8582872024 for each subscribed and paid-in share. Consequently, the Company’s minimum fixed capital of Ps.480,713 is represented by 34,390,991 shares. Variable capital is unlimited.
b. During 2007, the Company acquired 3.13% of the shares of the minority interest in Grupo Aeroportuario del Centro Norte, S.A.B. de C.V. for Ps.491,906 (par value), and 21.43% of Autopista del Occidente, S.A. de C.V. for Ps.26,484 (par value), both consolidated subsidiaries. Because it was considered a transaction between stockholders of the same economic entity, the excess paid above book value of the acquired shares was recorded as a stockholders’ equity distribution.
F-50
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
c. During a Stockholders’ Extraordinary General Meeting held on August 30, 2007, the stockholders agreed to the following: i) increasing variable common stock up to an amount equivalent to U.S.$550 million and issuing up to 90,000,000 representative unsubscribed shares for placement with the public in Mexican and foreign markets; ii) accepting the waiver expressed by the stockholders’ representatives of the right of first refusal to subscribe the new shares as described above; and iii) performing a public offering of the shares representing the approved common stock increase.
At the Stockholders’ Extraordinary General Meeting on July 14, 2005, the stockholders made the following resolutions: i) increase the Company’s variable capital by an amount equal to U.S.$230 million, while issuing up to 189,453,426 unsubscribed shares for placement on stock markets in Mexico and abroad; ii) the stockholders’ waiver of their right of first refusal to subscribe the new shares representing the capital increase was accepted, thus enabling the new shares to be issued according to the preceding resolution; and iii) a primary public offering of shares representing the approved capital increase.
At the Board of Directors’ meeting on November 7, 2005, various measures were taken to ensure compliance with the resolutions taken by the Stockholders’ Extraordinary General Meeting of July 14, 2005, including the reduction of the total number of outstanding shares, without reducing overall common stock, by issuing one new share for every six shares outstanding, were approved. On December 13, 2005, the respective capital structure adjustments were recognized in the Company’s accounting records, through the following successive actions: (i) the cancellation of the 98,830,934 shares remaining from the public offering; (ii) the transfer of 166 treasury shares designated for the Option Plan to the Shares Plan to enable Company officers and employees to acquire shares, based on the options established for each beneficiary that were not included in the unsubscribed share exchange process; (iii) the adjustment of shares outstanding to 402,657,299 shares, representing authorized common stock, to replace every six outstanding shares with one new share; (iv) the subsequent cancellation and payment of 39 remaining outstanding shares for the amount of Ps 24.48 (pesos per share) (value quoted on the stock market at the close of transactions on December 9, 2005), with a charge to the share buyback reserve.
d. At the Stockholders’ Ordinary General Meeting of November 17, 2003, the following resolutions were approved: i) increase variable capital by Ps.2,486,246, represented by 207,187,144 shares at no par value; ii) the cancellation of 11,956,101 shares deposited with the Company’s treasury that have not been subscribed and paid-in; and iii) the issuance 13,869,676 shares at no par value to comply with the following commitments:
(i) 8,717,919 shares set aside for the convertible subordinated debentures;
(ii) 2,060,703 shares were set aside for the employee bonus plan; and
(iii) 3,091,054 shares were set aside for the stock option plan.
Of the total resources from the capital increase of Ps.2,486,246 (par value), Ps. 2,120,916 (par value) was obtained as of December 31, 2003, with the remainder of Ps.365,330 (par value) obtained on January 9, 2004. Of the increase in treasury stock described above, as of December 31, 2003, 61,636 shares were subscribed for Ps.1,387 (par value), including Ps.981(par value) for share subscription premium.
e. At the Ordinary General Stockholders’ meeting held on April 16, 2004, the stockholders agreed to assign the 8,717,919 shares set aside for the convertible subordinated debenture to meet commitments under the Company’s employee stock option plan. The number of shares held in treasury assigned to meet the Company’s obligation under the employee bonus plan increased to 9,647,899. During 2007 and 2006, 2,219,396 and 1,088,917, respectively, shares were issued to employees of ICA, thereby resulting in a balance in treasury shares at December 31, 2007 designated for the employee bonus plan of 6,339,586 shares.
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EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
f. At the Ordinary General Stockholders’ meetings held on April 27, 2007, April 6, 2006 and April 21, 2005, the stockholders approved the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
g. At the Ordinary General Stockholders’ meeting of March 31, 2000, the stockholders agreed to establish an employee stock option plan. 2,570,000 shares acquired under the Company’s stock repurchase plan were cancelled by reducing authorized variable capital by a nominal amount of Ps.17,041. Also, the shareholders agreed to cancel 21,340,513 shares issued in March 1992 by reducing variable capital by a nominal amount of Ps.141,508 and by declaring a variable capital increase of 5% of the total outstanding shares (5,151,757 shares representing an amount of Ps.37,218). This was done with the purpose of having a sufficient number of shares for the following two years, both for the purchase of shares under the new option plan and for the employee bonus plan approved in 1992, designed exclusively for ICA’s management. Both plans were approved under the Mexican Securities Market Law.
Based on the announcement made in the Official Daily Gazette (the Diario Oficial de la Federación) on April 7, 2000, shares were offered to stockholders pursuant to the exercise of their pre-emptive rights for a term of 15 days, ending April 22, 2000, at a quoted market price of Ps.22.50 (pesos per share) (price as of March 31, 2000). Unsubscribed shares will be maintained in treasury. In the event shares are partially or totally subscribed by the stockholders, the Meeting authorized an additional amount of 5% in order to have sufficient shares, both for the option plan and for the shares plan mentioned above.
Under the option plan, ICA’s employees were able to acquire the treasury shares at the quoted market price of the day before the grant date, which may not be lower than Ps.22.50 (pesos per share). The term for exercising the option is seven years. Shares obtained through options may only be sold in Mexico through the Mexican Stock Exchange, by following the Mexican Law provisions related to confidential information.
The maximum annual amount of options for the purchase of shares that may be granted may not exceed 1.5% of the total amount of outstanding shares at December 31 of the previous year.
The option plan will be effective for ten years and the Board of Directors may modify or suspend it, depending on market conditions.
At the Ordinary General Stockholders’ meeting held on April 16, 2004, the stockholders approved a resolution amending the Company’s employee stock option plan. The resolution terminated the issuance of future options under the plan and amended past grants to lower the exercise price on all grants to Ps.22.50 (pesos per share). Consequently, 4,160,307 shares held in the Company’s treasury were designated for subscription under the employee stock option plan. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, 633,032; 1,431,302 and 1,192,455 shares were exercised, plus 166 shares transferred from the option to the shares plan. At December 31, 2007, the number of shares held in treasury for the option plan is 903,352 shares.
h. Stockholders’ equity, except restated paid-in capital and tax retained earnings, will be subject to income tax at the rate in effect when the dividend is distributed. Any tax paid on such distribution may be credited against the income tax payable of the year in which the tax on the dividend is paid and the two fiscal years following such payment.
F-52
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
i. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, majority stockholders’ equity at historical and restated values was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | |
| | Historical | | | Restatement | | | Total | |
|
Common stock | | Ps. | 6,901,841 | | | Ps. | 475,882 | | | Ps. | 7,377,723 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 6,113,434 | | | | 231,802 | | | �� | 6,345,236 | |
Reserve for repurchase of shares | | | 750,531 | | | | — | | | | 750,531 | |
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings | | | (133,227 | ) | | | 125,880 | | | | (7,347 | ) |
Excess from restatement of capital | | | — | | | | 35,113 | | | | 35,113 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 13,632,579 | | | Ps. | 868,677 | | | Ps. | 14,501,256 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | |
| | Historical | | | Restatement | | | Total | |
|
Common stock | | Ps. | 5,645,005 | | | Ps. | 479,268 | | | Ps. | 6,124,273 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,580,863 | | | | 184,237 | | | | 1,765,100 | |
Reserve for repurchase of shares | | | 676,531 | | | | — | | | | 676,531 | |
Retained earnings | | | 1,341,023 | | | | 140,888 | | | | 1,481,911 | |
Insufficiency from restatement of capital | | | — | | | | (26,054 | ) | | | (26,054 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 9,243,422 | | | Ps. | 778,339 | | | Ps. | 10,021,761 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
23. | Minority Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries |
Minority interest consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Common stock | | Ps. | 3,653,152 | | | Ps. | 3,919,738 | |
Retained earnings | | | 577,838 | | | | 686,297 | |
Excess from restatement of capital | | | 130,892 | | | | 119,593 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 4,361,882 | | | Ps. | 4,725,628 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The fluctuation in the minority interest mainly occurs because of the effects of the dividends received and the effects of gross proportionate consolidation.
F-53
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
24. | Other (Income) Expense, Net |
a. Other (income) expense, net, consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Gain on purchase and sale of investments in shares | | Ps. | 7,465 | | | Ps. | 11,856 | | | Ps. | 103,485 | |
Reversal of allowance for doubtful accounts from sale of investment in shares in affiliated companies (Torre Mayor) | | | (67,975 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Reversal of value-added tax from concessioned highways | | | 10,571 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Reversal of taxes due to the deconsolidation of previously controlled companies from tax consolidation | | | — | | | | (37,035 | ) | | | — | |
Loss on sales of property, plant and equipment | | | 667 | | | | 5,946 | | | | 8,771 | |
Gain on sale of litigious rights | | | — | | | | — | | | | (58,098 | ) |
Other | | | 9,681 | | | | (16,802 | ) | | | (9,341 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (54,521 | ) | | | (59,747 | ) | | | (162,153 | ) |
Statutory employee profit sharing | | | 31,815 | | | | 147,420 | | | | 103,965 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | (22,706 | ) | | Ps. | 87,673 | | | Ps. | (58,188 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
b. Statutory employee profit sharing expense is as follows:
Statutory employee profit sharing expense:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current | | Ps. | 27,140 | | | Ps. | 102,729 | | | Ps. | 87,245 | |
Deferred | | | 4,675 | | | | 44,691 | | | | 16,720 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 31,815 | | | Ps. | 147,420 | | | Ps. | 103,965 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
c. The main items comprising the asset (liability) balance of deferred statutory employee profit sharing at December 31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
PTU assets: | | | | | | | | |
Inventory | | Ps. | 39,902 | | | Ps. | 33,422 | |
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | | | 314 | | | | 139 | |
Provisions | | | 97,359 | | | | 30,127 | |
Advances from customers | | | 43,434 | | | | 13,449 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 181,009 | | | | 77,137 | |
| | | | | | | | |
PTU liability: | | | | | | | | |
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts | | | (156,161 | ) | | | (41,575 | ) |
Investment in concessions | | | (104,135 | ) | | | (110,863 | ) |
Other | | | (1,590 | ) | | | (6,864 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | (261,886 | ) | | | (159,302 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liability | | Ps. | (80,877 | ) | | Ps. | (82,165 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
F-54
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
25. | Comprehensive Financing Cost |
Comprehensive financing cost is detailed as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | Project
| | | Results
| |
| | Total | | | Capitalized | | | Financing | | | of Operations | |
|
Interest expense | | Ps. | 1,086,615 | | | Ps. | 87,160 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 999,455 | |
Interest income | | | (533,017 | ) | | | (6,586 | ) | | | — | | | | (526,431 | ) |
Exchange gain | | | (86,075 | ) | | | 882 | | | | — | | | | (86,957 | ) |
Loss (gain) from monetary position | | | 20,729 | | | | (12,734 | ) | | | — | | | | 33,463 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 488,252 | | | Ps. | 68,722 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 419,530 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| | | | | | | | Project
| | | Results
| |
| | Total | | | Capitalized | | | Financing | | | of Operations | |
|
Interest expense | | Ps. | 1,285,946 | | | Ps. | 40,800 | | | Ps. | 512,294 | | | Ps. | 732,852 | |
Interest income | | | (584,940 | ) | | | (948 | ) | | | (58,832 | ) | | | (525,160 | ) |
Exchange gain | | | (60,636 | ) | | | (63 | ) | | | (23,181 | ) | | | (37,392 | ) |
Loss (gain) from monetary position | | | 45,563 | | | | (5,624 | ) | | | 52,658 | | | | (1,471 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 685,933 | | | Ps. | 34,165 | | | Ps. | 482,939 | | | Ps. | 168,829 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | |
| | | | | | | | Project
| | | Results
| |
| | Total | | | Capitalized | | | Financing | | | of Operations | |
|
Interest expense | | Ps. | 907,555 | | | Ps. | 11,071 | | | Ps. | 408,148 | | | Ps. | 488,336 | |
Interest income | | | (421,539 | ) | | | (748 | ) | | | (1,281 | ) | | | (419,510 | ) |
Exchange loss | | | 95,190 | | | | 23,894 | | | | 50,498 | | | | 20,798 | |
Loss (gain) from monetary position | | | 17,611 | | | | 3,317 | | | | (1,467 | ) | | | 15,761 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | Ps. | 598,817 | | | Ps. | 37,534 | | | Ps. | 455,898 | | | Ps. | 105,385 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
26. | Related Party Transactions |
a. Transactions with related parties, carried out in the ordinary course of business, were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Construction revenues(1) | | Ps. | 201,073 | | | Ps. | 31,550 | | | Ps. | 10,948 | |
Services rendered(2) | | | 82,977 | | | | 3,993 | | | | 7,563 | |
Royalties(3) | | | 110,888 | | | | 112,000 | | | | 105,547 | |
Interest income(4) | | | 18,448 | | | | 9,210 | | | | 9,986 | |
Equipment leasing expense(5) | | | 89,816 | | | | 68,835 | | | | 41,027 | |
General and administrative expenses(6) | | | 21,460 | | | | 58,283 | | | | 37,767 | |
Sale of investments in shares and receivables(7) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 221,307 | |
Revenues from leasing equipment(8) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 15,755 | |
Financing cost(9) | | | 7,758 | | | | 6,548 | | | | — | |
Service cost(10) | | | 66,086 | | | | 42,904 | | | | — | |
F-55
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | |
(1) | | Work performed by ICAFD for Fluor Daniel México, S.A. |
|
(2) | | In 2007, this amount primarily consisted of services provided to RCO for Ps.70,225, Suministros de Agua de Querétaro for Ps.3,751 and Soltanche for Ps.3,758. In 2006, this amount primarily consisted of services rendered to Fundación ICA for Ps.3,170 and in 2005, for services to GEOICASA, S.A. for Ps.3,978, and to Fundación ICA for Ps.3,473. |
|
(3) | | Royalties consist of amounts paid for using the trademark Fluor Daniel Mexico, an affiliate of Fluor Corporation. |
|
(4) | | In 2007, this amount includes interest for Ps.13,173 from la Peninsular and Ps.5,275 earned on the Aucoven investment. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the amount includes Ps.5,431 earned from AUCOVEN and Ps.3,578 from la Peninsular. For the year ended December 31, 2005, this amount includes Ps.9,986 of interest income related to loans granted to Fluor Corporation. |
|
(5) | | Leasing costs for machinery leased from Ameco Services,S.de R.L. de C.V., an affiliate of Fluor Corporation. |
|
(6) | | Primarily relates to administrative services from related parties of Fluor Corporation. |
|
(7) | | In December of 2005, as part of the acquisition of the shares of GACN mentioned in Note 1, the Company exercised the option to buy from Compania Empresarial Andrea J, S.A. de C.V. (“CEAJ” a related party) its 60% participation in Aeroinvest (CEAJ thus had a 22.35% indirect interest in SETA) in the amount of Ps.221,307 (U.S.$19.3 million), generating a gain of Ps.67,834 that is presented within other income in the 2005 statement of operations (see Note 24). |
|
(8) | | Rental of machinery to Cotrisa, a related party of Ingenieros Civiles Asociados, S.A. |
|
(9) | | In 2007 and 2006 the amounts mainly represent interest expense to Aeroports de Paris for Ps.7,369 and Ps.6,548, respectively. |
|
(10) | | In 2007, this amount mainly includes computer services provided by Flour Daniel Latinamerica, administrative services paid to la Peninsular and subcontracts and services provided by Instalaciones ELEMSA S.A. de C.V. for Ps.17,447, Ps.10,888 and Ps.34,522, respectively. In 2006, this amount includes subcontracts and services provided by entities with employees related to key Company officers as follows: (i) Ps.10,418 AQ Industrial, S.A. de C.V.; (ii) Ps.19,481 Elementos Eléctricos, S.A. de C.V.; (iii) Ps.8,823 TPL de México, S.A. de C.V.; (iv) Ps.533 Arquitectura y Comunicación Gráfica, S.A. de C.V. and (v) Ps.3,648 White & Case, S.C. |
b. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the aggregate compensation of our directors and executive officers paid or accrued in those year for services in all capacities was approximately Ps.93 million and Ps.113 million. We pay non-management directors Ps.40,000(nominal value) net of taxes and management directors Ps.20,000(nominal value) net of taxes for each board meeting, corporate practices committee meeting or audit committee meeting they attend.
| |
27. | Postretirement Benefits |
In 2006, the Company created a defined benefit pension plan covering all active employees aged more than 65, who are part of the board of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V. and have a minimum of 10 years’ of service as a member of the board prior to their retirement. These employees are entitled to the benefits at the age of 55, with gradual reductions of the salaries considered for pension purposes.
F-56
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The consolidated net cost of the period of obligations derived from the pension plan, severance payments and seniority premiums was Ps.109,499, Ps.55,496 and Ps.34,808 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Labor cost | | Ps. | 34,843 | | | Ps. | 29,393 | | | Ps. | 19,937 | |
Financial cost | | | 26,361 | | | | 9,196 | | | | 6,349 | |
Yield on plan assets | | | (387 | ) | | | (335 | ) | | | (342 | ) |
Unrecognized items | | | 48,682 | | | | 17,242 | | | | 8,864 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cost of the period | | Ps. | 109,499 | | | Ps. | 55,496 | | | Ps. | 34,808 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The current values of obligations and the rates used in the calculation of the pension plan and seniority premiums are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Accumulated benefit obligation | | Ps. | (584,266 | ) | | Ps. | (536,594 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligation | | Ps. | (615,474 | ) | | Ps. | (562,764 | ) |
Plan assets | | | 7,698 | | | | 6,674 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Fund status | | Ps. | (607,776 | ) | | Ps. | (556,090 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Transition liability | | Ps. | 393,923 | | | Ps. | 440,112 | |
Prior services and plan modifications | | | (8,823 | ) | | | (14,581 | ) |
Variances of assumptions and adjustments based on experience | | | 42,932 | | | | 32,624 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | Ps. | 428,032 | | | Ps. | 458,155 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net projected liability | | Ps. | (179,744 | ) | | Ps. | (97,935 | ) |
Intangible asset | | | (404,522 | ) | | | (438,659 | ) |
Actual rates used in actuarial calculations:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2007
| | | 2006
| |
| | % | | | % | |
|
Discount rate | | | 5.00 | % | | | 5.00 | % |
Salary increase | | | 1.50 | % | | | 1.50 | % |
Yield on plan assets | | | 6.50 | % | | | 6.50 | % |
Unrecognized items are charged to results based on the average remaining service life of employees.
F-57
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
28. | Business Segment Data |
For management purposes, the Company is organized into six major operating divisions, which are: civil construction, industrial construction, Rodio-Kronsa, housing development, infrastructure and corporate and other. The divisions are the basis on which the Company reports its primary segment information. Operating segment information is presented based on the management approach required byBulletin B-5,Financial Information by Segment, issued in April 2003. The principal products for each of the operating segments are summarized below:
| | |
Operating Segment | | Principal Products |
|
Civil construction | | Heavy construction projects such as highways, bridges, tunnels and dams, urban and housing construction, including transportation construction such as subway systems, shopping centers and automobile parking facilities |
Industrial construction | | Industrial construction such as energy generating and petrochemical plants |
Rodio — Kronsa | | Hydraulic construction projects, building, transportation and environmental infrastructure and geotechnology services |
Housing development | | Development, trading, ownership, sale, assistance, operation and administration of housing development |
Infrastructure | | Operation and maintenance of concessioned airports, highways, bridges and tunnels, water supply systems, and waste treatment |
Corporate and other | | Corporate services and operation of grain storage and distribution |
F-58
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A summary of certain segment information is as follows (amounts may not add or tie to other accompanying information due to rounding):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Construction | | | Housing
| | | | | | Corporate
| | | | | | Intersegment
| | | Total
| |
| | Civil | | | Industrial | | | Rodio-Kronsa | | | Subtotal | | | Development | | | Infrastructure | | | and Other | | | Total Segments | | | Eliminations | | | Consolidated | |
|
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External revenues | | Ps. | 7,743,589 | | | Ps. | 8,036,097 | | | Ps. | 1,894,307 | | | Ps. | 17,673,993 | | | Ps. | 2,169,189 | | | Ps. | 2,734,588 | | | Ps. | 159,934 | | | Ps. | 22,737,704 | | | Ps. | (248,685 | ) | | Ps. | 22,489,019 | |
Intersegment revenues | | | 336,646 | | | | 590,458 | | | | (31,605 | ) | | | 895,499 | | | | 1,788 | | | | 1,701,315 | | | | 442,903 | | | | 3,041,505 | | | | 248,685 | | | | 3,290,190 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | 156,444 | | | | 307,205 | | | | 60,738 | | | | 524,387 | | | | 224,437 | | | | 839,447 | | | | (23,202 | ) | | | 1,565,069 | | | | (14,661 | ) | | | 1,550,408 | |
Financing cost (income) | | | 234,028 | | | | (64,592 | ) | | | 8,541 | | | | 177,977 | | | | 1,121 | | | | 129,399 | | | | 130,500 | | | | 438,997 | | | | (19,467 | ) | | | 419,530 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 207,406 | | | | 77,935 | | | | 20,527 | | | | 305,868 | | | | 282,019 | | | | 990,051 | | | | 187,106 | | | | 1,765,044 | | | | 184,219 | | | | 1,949,263 | |
Statutory employee profit sharing expense | | | (4,236 | ) | | | 23,650 | | | | — | | | | 19,414 | | | | (1,147 | ) | | | 9,340 | | | | 4,208 | | | | 31,815 | | | | — | | | | 31,815 | |
Share in operations of affiliated companies | | | (268 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (268 | ) | | | — | | | | (16,793 | ) | | | 27,889 | | | | 10,828 | | | | — | | | | 10,828 | |
Segment assets | | | 8,229,483 | | | | 4,307,301 | | | | 1,309,661 | | | | 13,846,445 | | | | 3,385,972 | | | | 19,900,375 | | | | 18,828,870 | | | | 55,961,662 | | | | (19,776,255 | ) | | | 36,185,407 | |
Investments in affiliated companies | | | 64,291 | | | | — | | | | 114 | | | | 64,405 | | | | 1,761 | | | | 55,753 | | | | 15,309,692 | | | | 15,431,611 | | | | (15,218,079 | ) | | | 213,532 | |
Segment liabilities(1) | | | 2,899,803 | | | | 2,810,405 | | | | 877,968 | | | | 6,588,176 | | | | 801,491 | | | | 2,586,961 | | | | 3,552,022 | | | | 13,528,650 | | | | (4,289,700 | ) | | | 9,238,950 | |
Capital expenditures(2) | | | 415,394 | | | | 79,471 | | | | 124,531 | | | | 619,396 | | | | 57,416 | | | | 4,705,574 | | | | 10,951 | | | | 5,393,337 | | | | — | | | | 5,393,337 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 107,114 | | | | 64,430 | | | | 65,494 | | | | 237,038 | | | | 19,056 | | | | 429,115 | | | | 13,107 | | | | 698,316 | | | | — | | | | 698,316 | |
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Construction | | | Housing
| | | | | | Corporate
| | | | | | Intersegment
| | | Total
| |
| | Civil | | | Industrial | | | Rodio-Kronsa | | | Sub-Total | | | Development | | | Infrastructure | | | and Other | | | Total Segments | | | Eliminations | | | Consolidated | |
|
2006: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External revenues | | Ps. | 9,599,451 | | | Ps. | 7,855,484 | | | Ps. | 1,625,172 | | | Ps. | 19,080,107 | | | Ps. | 1,593,495 | | | Ps. | 2,107,278 | | | Ps. | 87,152 | | | Ps. | 22,868,032 | | | Ps. | (154,349 | ) | | Ps. | 22,713,683 | |
Intersegment revenues | | | 910,523 | | | | 250,629 | | | | 1,558,602 | | | | 2,719,754 | | | | 203,416 | | | | 964,655 | | | | 453,737 | | | | 4,341,562 | | | | 154,348 | | | | 4,495,910 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | 417,355 | | | | 297,253 | | | | 78,018 | | | | 792,626 | | | | 164,425 | | | | 756,847 | | | | (26,356 | ) | | | 1,687,542 | | | | 15,998 | | | | 1,703,540 | |
Financing cost (income) | | | 80,321 | | | | (78,556 | ) | | | 7,864 | | | | 9,629 | | | | 23,785 | | | | 173,279 | | | | (26,896 | ) | | | 179,797 | | | | (10,968 | ) | | | 168,829 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 2,818 | | | | 120,201 | | | | 26,717 | | | | 149,736 | | | | 14,048 | | | | 213,027 | | | | 175,429 | | | | 552,240 | | | | (154,498 | ) | | | 397,742 | |
Statutory employee profit sharing expense | | | 64,363 | | | | 39,705 | | | | — | | | | 104,068 | | | | 1,236 | | | | 42,116 | | | | — | | | | 147,420 | | | | — | | | | 147,420 | |
Share in operations of affiliated companies | | | 7,933 | | | | — | | | | 104 | | | | 8,037 | | | | 1,831 | | | | 4,767 | | | | 7,803 | | | | 22,438 | | | | — | | | | 22,438 | |
Segment assets | | | 16,438,473 | | | | 3,832,904 | | | | 1,213,575 | | | | 21,484,952 | | | | 2,423,781 | | | | 14,433,049 | | | | 12,934,178 | | | | 51,275,960 | | | | (13,423,654 | ) | | | 37,852,306 | |
Investments in affiliated companies | | | 28,026 | | | | — | | | | 20,140 | | | | 48,166 | | | | 1,770 | | | | 55,142 | | | | 10,194,800 | | | | 10,299,878 | | | | (10,130,942 | ) | | | 168,936 | |
Segment liabilities(1) | | | 4,168,511 | | | | 2,615,538 | | | | 801,446 | | | | 7,585,495 | | | | 604,690 | | | | 1,091,770 | | | | 2,236,660 | | | | 11,518,615 | | | | (2,849,113 | ) | | | 8,669,502 | |
Capital expenditures(2) | | | 429,519 | | | | 30,862 | | | | 71,687 | | | | 532,068 | | | | 17,970 | | | | 499,448 | | | | 56,006 | | | | 1,105,492 | | | | — | | | | 1,105,492 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 304,630 | | | | 89,885 | | | | 41,407 | | | | 435,922 | | | | 10,897 | | | | 407,200 | | | | 10,766 | | | | 864,785 | | | | — | | | | 864,785 | |
F-60
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Construction | | | Housing
| | | | | | Corporate
| | | | | | Intersegment
| | | Total
| |
| | Civil | | | Industrial | | | Rodio-Kronsa | | | Sub-Total | | | Development | | | Infrastructure | | | and Other | | | Total Segments | | | Eliminations | | | Consolidated | |
|
2005: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
External revenues | | Ps. | 7,777,469 | | | Ps. | 8,225,803 | | | Ps. | 2,539,366 | | | Ps. | 18,542,638 | | | Ps. | 1,185,220 | | | Ps. | 365,589 | | | Ps. | 91,382 | | | Ps. | 20,184,829 | | | Ps. | (179,845 | ) | | Ps. | 20,004,984 | |
Intersegment revenues | | | 2,346,095 | | | | 492,370 | | | | 26,859 | | | | 2,865,324 | | | | 433,492 | | | | 120,295 | | | | 343,812 | | | | 3,762,923 | | | | 179,846 | | | | 3,942,769 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | 590,888 | | | | 432,811 | | | | 68,544 | | | | 1,092,243 | | | | 99,736 | | | | 27,340 | | | | (67,316 | ) | | | 1,152,003 | | | | (30,409 | ) | | | 1,121,594 | |
Financing cost (income) | | | (78,996 | ) | | | (107,929 | ) | | | 7,868 | | | | (179,057 | ) | | | 80,267 | | | | 191,796 | | | | 38,300 | | | | 131,306 | | | | (25,921 | ) | | | 105,385 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 179,840 | | | | 131,775 | | | | 34,108 | | | | 345,723 | | | | 567 | | | | 40,883 | | | | (37,783 | ) | | | 349,390 | | | | 25,921 | | | | 375,311 | |
Statutory employee profit sharing | | | 61,321 | | | | 41,560 | | | | — | | | | 102,881 | | | | 449 | | | | 469 | | | | 166 | | | | 103,965 | | | | — | | | | 103,965 | |
Share in operations of affiliated companies | | | 41,140 | | | | — | | | | 4,262 | | | | 45,402 | | | | 2,874 | | | | 49,118 | | | | 9,076 | | | | 106,470 | | | | — | | | | 106,470 | |
Segment assets | | | 13,156,844 | | | | 3,971,130 | | | | 2,034,276 | | | | 19,162,250 | | | | 1,181,146 | | | | 13,714,148 | | | | 10,879,664 | | | | 44,937,208 | | | | (11,198,065 | ) | | | 33,739,143 | |
Investments in affiliated companies | | | 99,328 | | | | — | | | | 18,257 | | | | 117,585 | | | | 39,536 | | | | 120,128 | | | | 8,675,946 | | | | 8,953,195 | | | | (8,559,305 | ) | | | 393,890 | |
Segment liabilities(1) | | | 3,565,143 | | | | 2,746,514 | | | | 1,262,805 | | | | 7,574,462 | | | | 161,903 | | | | 1,042,389 | | | | 1,398,486 | | | | 10,177,240 | | | | (2,111,691 | ) | | | 8,065,549 | |
Capital expenditures(2) | | | 188,841 | | | | 160,909 | | | | 104,774 | | | | 454,524 | | | | 26,464 | | | | 87,263 | | | | 42,142 | | | | 610,393 | | | | — | | | | 610,393 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 438,497 | | | | 121,025 | | | | 77,193 | | | | 636,715 | | | | 33,327 | | | | 101,093 | | | | 9,525 | | | | 780,660 | | | | — | | | | 780,660 | |
| | |
(1) | | Segment liabilities include only the operating liabilities attributable to each segment. |
|
(2) | | Capital expenditures include purchases of property, plant and equipment, investments in concessions and other assets. |
F-61
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company’s principal consolidated net revenues are from construction contracts with various Mexican public and private sector entities, as well as foreign public and private sector entities, summarized as follows (amounts may not add or tie to other accompanying information due to rounding):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
National: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
a. Public sector | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Petróleos Mexicanos | | Ps. | 6,466,542 | | | Ps. | 5,593,338 | | | Ps. | 5,037,769 | |
Comisión Federal de Electricidad | | | 669,516 | | | | 1,687,080 | | | | 4,484,442 | |
Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes | | | 316,391 | | | | 506,851 | | | | 110,107 | |
Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares | | | 1,379,928 | | | | 1,611,267 | | | | 566,386 | |
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social | | | 22,030 | | | | 253,994 | | | | 218,353 | |
Poder Judicial de la Federación | | | 227,418 | | | | 334,550 | | | | 204,403 | |
Comité Administrador del Programa Federal de Construcción de Escuelas | | | — | | | | 259,292 | | | | 124,765 | |
Comisión Nacional del Agua | | | — | | | | 2,531 | | | | 72,389 | |
State Government | | | 74,471 | | | | 126,935 | | | | 306,762 | |
Departamento del Distrito Federal | | | 358,004 | | | | 664,106 | | | | — | |
Secretaria de Marina | | | 430,659 | | | | — | | | | — | |
b. Private sector | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Invista Planta Petroquímica | | | 58,991 | | | | 333,594 | | | | — | |
Terminal de Ling-Shell | | | 39,534 | | | | 500,934 | | | | 1,225,423 | |
Tanque Terminal Ling | | | — | | | | 103,622 | | | | 223,195 | |
Indelpro, S.A. de .C.V. | | | 693,143 | | | | 496,833 | | | | 43,295 | |
Fideicomiso de Autotransportes del Golfo | | | 220,767 | | | | 683,495 | | | | 1,015,452 | |
Iberdrola, Altamira III y IV | | | 23,542 | | | | 545,816 | | | | 1,434,774 | |
Iberdrola, La Laguna | | | — | | | | — | | | | 36,048 | |
Aeropuerto de la Ciudad de México | | | — | | | | — | | | | 56,600 | |
Aeropuerto de Monterrey | | | — | | | | — | | | | 25,752 | |
Hotel Moon Palace | | | — | | | | 175,173 | | | | 213,641 | |
Estadio Chivas | | | 186,519 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Foreign: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Public and private sector | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Spain | | Ps. | 1,894,307 | | | Ps. | 1,597,443 | | | Ps. | 2,517,342 | |
Puerto Rico | | | — | | | | 2,974 | | | | 278 | |
Colombia | | | 135,203 | | | | 44,550 | | | | 45,184 | |
Venezuela | | | 1,257,284 | | | | 459,198 | | | | — | |
Argentina | | | — | | | | 27,730 | | | | 22,024 | |
Panama | | | 1,175 | | | | — | | | | — | |
F-62
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company’s six operating segments operate in four principal geographical areas in the world: Mexico, its home country, Spain, United States and Latin America. The Company’s operations by geographic area were as follows(amounts may not add or tie to another balances due to rounding):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Foreign | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | United
| | | Latin
| | | Sub-
| | | Intersegment
| | | | |
| | Mexico | | | Spain | | | States | | | America | | | total | | | Eliminations | | | Total | |
|
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | Ps. | 14,180,158 | | | Ps. | 1,894,307 | | | Ps. | 514 | | | Ps. | 1,599,014 | | | Ps. | 17,673,993 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 17,673,993 | |
Housing development | | | 2,169,191 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,169,191 | | | | (9,404 | ) | | | 2,159,787 | |
Infrastructure | | | 2,391,811 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 342,777 | | | | 2,734,588 | | | | (130,724 | ) | | | 2,603,864 | |
Corporate and other | | | 159,933 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 159,933 | | | | (108,558 | ) | | | 51,375 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 18,901,093 | | | | 1,894,307 | | | | 514 | | | | 1,941,791 | | | | 22,737,705 | | | | (248,686 | ) | | | 22,489,019 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 5,257,267 | | | | 124,531 | | | | 26 | | | | 11,513 | | | | 5,393,337 | | | | — | | | | 5,393,337 | |
Fixed assets | | | 1,191,205 | | | | 323,597 | | | | 36 | | | | 19,766 | | | | 1,534,604 | | | | (31,572 | ) | | | 1,503,032 | |
Total assets | | | 50,558,576 | | | | 1,309,661 | | | | 713,963 | | | | 3,379,468 | | | | 55,961,668 | | | | (19,776,261 | ) | | | 36,185,407 | |
2006: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | Ps. | 16,923,384 | | | Ps. | 1,625,172 | | | Ps. | 116 | | | Ps. | 531,435 | | | Ps. | 19,080,107 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 19,080,107 | |
Housing development | | | 1,593,495 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,593,495 | | | | — | | | | 1,593,495 | |
Infrastructure | | | 1,842,096 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 265,182 | | | | 2,107,278 | | | | (109,378 | ) | | | 1,997,900 | |
Corporate and other | | | 87,152 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 87,152 | | | | (44,971 | ) | | | 42,181 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 20,446,127 | | | | 1,625,172 | | | | 116 | | | | 796,617 | | | | 22,868,032 | | | | (154,349 | ) | | | 22,713,683 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 1,028,588 | | | | 71,687 | | | | 23 | | | | 5,194 | | | | 1,105,492 | | | | — | | | | 1,105,492 | |
Fixed assets | | | 1,037,860 | | | | 258,610 | | | | — | | | | 21,631 | | | | 1,318,101 | | | | (31,718 | ) | | | 1,286,383 | |
Total assets | | | 48,697,425 | | | | 1,142,839 | | | | 728,677 | | | | 707,018 | | | | 51,275,959 | | | | (13,423,653 | ) | | | 37,852,306 | |
2005: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | Ps. | 15,932,765 | | | Ps. | 2,539,366 | | | Ps. | 278 | | | Ps. | 70,229 | | | Ps. | 18,542,638 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 18,542,638 | |
Housing development | | | 1,185,220 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,185,220 | | | | — | | | | 1,185,220 | |
Infrastructure | | | 130,905 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 234,684 | | | | 365,589 | | | | (105,549 | ) | | | 260,040 | |
Corporate and other | | | 91,383 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 91,383 | | | | (74,296 | ) | | | 17,087 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 17,340,273 | | | | 2,539,366 | | | | 278 | | | | 304,913 | | | | 20,184,830 | | | | (179,845 | ) | | | 20,004,985 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 407,647 | | | | 104,774 | | | | 312 | | | | 97,660 | | | | 610,393 | | | | — | | | | 610,393 | |
Fixed assets | | | 1,185,796 | | | | 460,111 | | | | — | | | | 4,247 | | | | 1,650,154 | | | | (31,853 | ) | | | 1,618,301 | |
Total assets | | | 38,636,051 | | | | 1,944,903 | | | | 1,083,596 | | | | 3,272,657 | | | | 44,937,207 | | | | (11,198,064 | ) | | | 33,739,143 | |
F-63
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
29. | Differences Between Mexican Financial Reporting Standards and Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America |
Through December 31, 2007, the consolidated financial statements under MFRS include the effects of inflation as provided for underBulletin B-10, whereas financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP are presented on a historical cost basis. The following reconciliations to U.S. GAAP do not include the reversal of the inflation adjustments required underBulletin B-10, except as discussed in inserts (d) and (h) below. The application ofBulletin B-10 represents a comprehensive measure of the effects of price level changes in the Mexican economy and, as such, is considered a more meaningful presentation than historical cost-based financial reporting.Bulletin B-10 also requires the restatement of all financial statements to constant pesos as of the date of the most recent balance sheet presented.
As further mentioned in Note 30, NIF B-10,Effects of Inflation, is effective January 1, 2008. NIF B-10 revised the accounting for inflation such that the inflation accounting methods summarized in Note 3(b) will no longer apply unless the economic environment in Mexico qualifies as “inflationary” for purposes of MFRS. An environment is considered inflationary if the cumulative inflation rate equals or exceeds an aggregate of 26% over the three preceding years (equivalent to an average of 8% in each year). Because of the relatively low level of Mexican inflation in recent years, and based on current forecasts, the Company does not expect the Mexican economic environment to qualify as inflationary in 2008, although such conclusion could change depending on actual economic performance. Elimination of inflationary accounting in the MFRS financial statements will result in the elimination of certain reconciling items between MFRS and U.S. GAAP in 2008 and thereafter as discussed in insert (h) below.
As required underBulletin A-8,Supplemental Standards, the Company has applied certain aspects of U.S. GAAP in the preparation of its MFRS financial statements where specific accounting guidance under MFRS and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) does not exist.
F-64
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The principal differences, other than inflation accounting, between MFRS and U.S. GAAP and their effects on net income and total stockholders’ equity are presented below with an explanation of such adjustments:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Years Ended December 31, | |
Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income of Majority Interest | | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Net (loss) income of majority interest reported under MFRS | | $ | (80 | ) | | Ps. | (874,427 | ) | | Ps. | 716,398 | | | Ps. | 535,910 | |
U.S. GAAP adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Concession effect (IFRIC 12)(c) | | | (6 | ) | | | (64,070 | ) | | | (44,092 | ) | | | 10,570 | |
Bulletin B-15 effect(d) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3,160 | ) | | | (4,860 | ) |
Deferred income taxes(e) | | | (8 | ) | | | (87,449 | ) | | | (90,334 | ) | | | 52,239 | |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing(e) | | | — | | | | 3,441 | | | | (133,687 | ) | | | — | |
Capitalization of financing costs(f) | | | 1 | | | | 6,412 | | | | 3,173 | | | | 1,656 | |
Reversal of low-income housing sales(g) | | | (10 | ) | | | (102,688 | ) | | | (57,361 | ) | | | — | |
Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets(h) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (6,751 | ) | | | (4,647 | ) |
Accrual for severance payments(i) | | | (1 | ) | | | (16,452 | ) | | | 11,426 | | | | 6,016 | |
Compensation cost on stock option plan | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,483 | ) | | | (1,884 | ) |
Impairment reversal(j) | | | 1 | | | | 7,415 | | | | 7,978 | | | | 5,889 | |
Reversal of compensation cost recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option(m)(6). | | | 2 | | | | 19,150 | | | | 19,910 | | | | 4,248 | |
Purchase method of GACN(l) | | | — | | | | (2,133 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Fair value of interest rate cap | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (64,585 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (102 | ) | | | (1,110,801 | ) | | | 422,017 | | | | 540,552 | |
Minority interest applicable to above adjustments(k) | | | 12 | | | | 125,626 | | | | 62,172 | | | | (40,341 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income under U.S. GAAP | | $ | (90 | ) | | Ps. | (985,175 | ) | | Ps. | 484,189 | | | Ps. | 500,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-65
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | At December 31, | |
Reconciliation of Stockholders’ Equity | | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Total stockholders’ equity reported under MFRS | | $ | 1,728 | | | Ps. | 18,863,138 | | | Ps. | 14,747,389 | | | Ps. | 13,978,735 | |
Concession effect (IFRIC 12)(c) | | | (11 | ) | | | (122,670 | ) | | | (58,600 | ) | | | (14,508 | ) |
Bulletin B-15 effect(d) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (46,110 | ) | | | (73,155 | ) |
Less minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries included as stockholders’ equity under MFRS | | | (400 | ) | | | (4,361,882 | ) | | | (4,725,628 | ) | | | (4,695,085 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,317 | | | | 14,378,586 | | | | 9,917,051 | | | | 9,195,987 | |
U.S. GAAP adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect on retained earnings from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income taxes(e) | | | (216 | ) | | | (2,355,400 | ) | | | (2,267,951 | ) | | | (2,177,617 | ) |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing(e) | | | (34 | ) | | | (371,804 | ) | | | (375,245 | ) | | | (241,558 | ) |
Restatement for inflation on foreign sourced fixed assets(h) | | | (22 | ) | | | (240,830 | ) | | | (240,830 | ) | | | (234,079 | ) |
Capitalization of financing costs(f) | | | (4 | ) | | | (45,968 | ) | | | (52,380 | ) | | | (55,553 | ) |
Reversal of low-income housing sales(g) | | | (15 | ) | | | (160,049 | ) | | | (57,361 | ) | | | — | |
Accrual for severance payments(i) | | | (8 | ) | | | (88,327 | ) | | | (71,875 | ) | | | (83,301 | ) |
Gain on sale of foreign subsidiaries | | | 25 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | | | | 270,715 | |
Impairment reversal(j) | | | (16 | ) | | | (177,842 | ) | | | (185,257 | ) | | | (193,235 | ) |
Reversal of compensation cost recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option(m)(6) | | | 4 | | | | 43,307 | | | | 24,157 | | | | 2,364 | |
Reversal of acquisition cost of minority interest(l) | | | 49 | | | | 530,891 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Purchase method of GACN(l) | | | — | | | | (2,133 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Reversal of additional paid-in capital recognized in MFRS upon exercise of option(m)(6). | | | (4 | ) | | | (43,307 | ) | | | (24,157 | ) | | | — | |
Effect on insufficiency from restatement of capital and accumulated other comprehensive income related to: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 205 | | | | 2,235,643 | | | | 2,233,892 | | | | 2,239,187 | |
Deferred statutory employee profit sharing | | | 8 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | | | | 84,820 | |
Restatement of foreign sourced fixed assets | | | 21 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | | | | 227,554 | |
Gain on sale of foreign subsidiaries | | | (25 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) | | | (270,715 | ) |
Adjustment for excess of additional minimum liability related to severance payments(i) | | | — | | | | 4,299 | | | | 17,267 | | | | 17,267 | |
Adjustment for SFAS No. 158, net of tax(i) | | | (22 | ) | | | (236,095 | ) | | | (266,318 | ) | | | — | |
Minority interest applicable to above adjustments(k) | | | 32 | | | | 355,517 | | | | 229,892 | | | | 167,720 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP | | $ | 1,295 | | | Ps. | 14,138,862 | | | Ps. | 9,193,259 | | | Ps. | 8,949,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-66
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A summary of changes in stockholders’ equity after giving effect to the U.S. GAAP adjustments described above is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP at January 1 | | Ps. | 9,193,259 | | | Ps. | 8,949,556 | | | Ps. | 5,982,709 | |
Issuance of common stock | | | 5,884,947 | | | | 60,658 | | | | 2,636,037 | |
Foreign currency translation | | | 15,608 | | | | (38,193 | ) | | | (186,668 | ) |
Net (loss) income for the year under U.S. GAAP | | | (985,175 | ) | | | 484,189 | | | | 500,211 | |
Compensation cost in stock option plan | | | — | | | | 3,366 | | | | — | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Application of SFAS No. 158, net of tax | | | 30,223 | | | | (266,317 | ) | | | — | |
Adjustment for excess of additional minimum liability | | | — | | | | — | | | | 17,267 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP at December 31 | | Ps. | 14,138,862 | | | Ps. | 9,193,259 | | | Ps. | 8,949,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
(a) | Application of Losses and Stock Issue Costs |
In its MFRS financial statements, the Company recognizes the application of accumulated losses against common stock. This generally involves the reclassification of cumulative inflationary effects included within retained earnings, cumulative other comprehensive income, additional paid-in capital and the reserve for the repurchase of shares to common stock, and is done only upon approval of the stockholders of the Company. However, U.S. GAAP prohibits the reclassification of accumulated earnings against common stock except in certain circumstances.
In addition, when issuing common stock, under MFRS, offering costs in excess of additional paid-in capital are applied against retained earnings. U.S. GAAP requires that all offering costs in excess of additional paid-in capital be deducted against the value of common stock.
These differences do not affect total stockholders’ equity under U.S. GAAP, but rather represent reclassifications among the affected accounts within stockholders’ equity.
The following table shows a rollforward for 2007 of the accumulated adjustments to items within stockholders’ equity to reverse the effect of applications of losses and reclassify the presentation of offering costs within stockholders’ equity. For 2007, the Company applied losses as shown in the stockholders’ equity statement prepared under MFRS, as approved by the stockholders, and reversed below; all offering costs were applied to additional paid-in capital.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accumulated
| | | | | | Accumulated
| |
| | Adjustments for
| | | | | | Adjustments for
| |
| | Application of
| | | | | | Application of
| |
| | Losses and Offering
| | | | | | Losses and Offering
| |
| | Costs at January 1,
| | | 2007
| | | Costs at December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | Reclassifications | | | 2007 | |
|
Common stock | | Ps. | 10,930,001 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 10,930,001 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 6,814,138 | | | | 34,183 | | | | 6,848,321 | |
Reserve for repurchase of shares | | | (1,926,206 | ) | | | (74,000 | ) | | | (2,000,206 | ) |
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | | | (3,418,362 | ) | | | 74,000 | | | | (3,344,362 | ) |
Cumulative other comprehensive loss | | | (12,399,571 | ) | | | (34,183 | ) | | | (12,433,754 | ) |
F-67
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
As of December 31, 2007, undistributed earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method are Ps.1,319 million; restricted net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are Ps.2,914 million.
| |
(b) | Proportionate Gross Consolidation Method |
(i) As mentioned in Note 2(e), the Company fully consolidates ICAFD under MFRS as the Company exercises control over such entity, as defined by MFRS inBulletin B-8,Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Valuation of Long-Term Investments in Shares. However, for purposes of U.S. GAAP, management has determined that the Fluor Corporation, owner of the remaining 49% of ICAFD’s equity, has the following substantive participating rights over ICAFD, as defined by Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Issue96-16,Investor’s Accounting for an Investee when the Investor owns a Majority of the Voting Stock by the Minority Shareholder or Shareholders Have Certain Approval or Veto Rights, by virtue of its participation in the following: (i) selecting, terminating, and setting the compensation of management responsible for implementing the investee’s policies and procedures; and (ii) establishing operating and capital decisions of the investee, including budgets, in the ordinary course of business. Because of these substantive participating rights of the Fluor Corporation, the Company does not exercise unilateral control of ICAFD and is unable to consolidate ICAFD for U.S. GAAP purposes.
Accordingly, given that ICAFD is in the construction industry and is an unincorporated entity, the Company applies the proportionate gross consolidation method to its investment in ICAFD for purposes of U.S. GAAP as permitted by EITF Issue00-1,“Investor Balance Sheet and Income Statement Display under the Equity Method for Investments in Certain Partnerships and Other Ventures”. Under this method, the Company proportionately recognizes its 50% share of the revenues, costs and expenses in ICAFD in the consolidated statements of income as well as its 50% share of the assets and liabilities of ICAFD in the consolidated balance sheets.
ICAFD is a joint venture between the Company and the Fluor Corporation and is organized as asociedad de responsabilidad limitada(company with limited liability, or an “S. de R.L.”) in Mexico. An S. de R.L. is an unincorporated entity that is similar to a limited liability company (“LLC”) or limited liability partnership (“LLP”) under U.S. law.
S. de R.L.s have the following relevant characteristics:
| | |
| • | The capital stock of a S. de R.L. is divided into “participation units” that may not be freely transferable or publicity traded, as distinguished from shares of common stock in a corporation, which may be transferable and publicity traded; |
|
| • | Significant control over management and operations of the entity may be maintained by participants of S. de R.L. in a manner that is similar to a managing members of a limited liability company, as distinguished from a corporation where control is vested in a board of directors rather than the shareholders. |
S. de R.L.s are treated similar to LLCs under U.S. tax regulations.
Given the above, the Company considers that it meets the criteria of EITF Issue00-1 in order to be able to account for ICAFD using the proportionate gross consolidation method.
F-68
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A summarized balance sheet and income statement of ICAFD under MFRS as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 on a 100% basis are presented as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Balance Sheet Data: | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | Ps. | 3,982,399 | | | Ps. | 3,431,843 | |
Non-current assets | | | 351,912 | | | | 475,649 | |
Current liabilities | | | (3,019,704 | ) | | | (2,714,369 | ) |
Non-current liabilities | | | (127,911 | ) | | | (102,419 | ) |
Investment of minority interest | | | (82 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Partners’ equity | | Ps. | 1,186,614 | | | Ps. | 1,090,704 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Statement of Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | Ps. | 8,004,381 | | | Ps. | 7,833,765 | | | Ps. | 8,129,871 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating income | | | 377,634 | | | | 369,369 | | | | 454,493 | |
Other expense | | | 26,868 | | | | 39,522 | | | | 41,142 | |
Income before income tax expense | | | 415,354 | | | | 407,967 | | | | 516,823 | |
Income tax | | | 46,523 | | | | 119,583 | | | | 130,498 | |
Minority interest in results of consolidated subsidiaries | | | 56 | | | | (248 | ) | | | 34 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | Ps. | 368,831 | | | Ps. | 288,384 | | | Ps. | 386,325 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-69
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table shows the reconciliation of net income and stockholders’ equity for ICAFD from MFRS to U.S. GAAP:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Reconciliation of Net Income: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net majority income under MFRS | | Ps. | 368,775 | | | Ps. | 288,632 | | | Ps. | 386,291 | |
U.S. GAAP adjustments: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation due to impairment adjustment | | | 2,242 | | | | 3,651 | | | | 1,679 | |
Deferred income tax related to U.S. GAAP adjustments | | | (2,201 | ) | | | (4,784 | ) | | | (4,165 | ) |
Deferred IETU tax related to U.S. GAAP adjustments | | | 3,295 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Cancellation of deferred income tax due to IETU adoption | | | (22,726 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Deferred employee profit sharing related to U.S. GAAP adjustments | | | (624 | ) | | | (641 | ) | | | (513 | ) |
Labor obligations | | | 6,243 | | | | 6,406 | | | | 4,777 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 355,004 | | | | 293,264 | | | | 388,069 | |
Interest not controlled by ICA | | | (177,502 | ) | | | (146,632 | ) | | | (194,035 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Proportionate consolidated net income under U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | 177,502 | | | Ps. | 146,632 | | | Ps. | 194,034 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | December 31,
| |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Reconciliation of Partners’ Equity: | | | | | | | | |
Majority partners’ equity under MFRS | | Ps. | 1,186,614 | | | Ps. | 1,090,704 | |
Impairment of fixed assets | | | (23,507 | ) | | | (25,749 | ) |
Labor obligations | | | (64,062 | ) | | | (70,305 | ) |
Deferred income tax on U.S. GAAP adjustments | | | — | | | | 24,927 | |
Deferred IETU tax related to U.S. GAAP adjustments | | | 3,295 | | | | — | |
Deferred employee profit sharing | | | 6,406 | | | | 7,030 | |
Reversal of additional minimum liability adjustment in equity from obligations under MFRS | | | 3,619 | | | | 2,421 | |
Effect of implementation of SFAS No. 158 | | | 4,403 | | | | 4,403 | |
Effect of the year of SFAS No. 158 | | | (17,407 | ) | | | — | |
Income tax on effect of implementation of SFAS No. 158 | | | 3,277 | | | | (1,110 | ) |
Employee profit sharing on effect of implementation of SFAS No. 158 | | | 1,300 | | | | (441 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,103,938 | | | | 1,031,880 | |
Interest not controlled by ICA | | | (551,969 | ) | | | (515,940 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Proportionate consolidated partners’ equity under U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | 551,969 | | | Ps. | 515,940 | |
| | | | | | | | |
F-70
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
(c) | Concession Accounting under IFRIC 12 |
As discussed in Note 3(a) to the financial statements under MFRS, effective January 1, 2007, the Company early adopted IFRIC 12. The effects of adoption resulted in reclassifying certain concession assets previously considered to be intangible assets to financial assets, as well as the recognition of revenues during the construction phase in certain concessions. In accordance with the transition provisions of IFRIC 12, financial statements previously issued as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were restated to reflect the effects of adoption. Accordingly, net income from majority stockholders’ for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 and stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2006 under MFRS included in the above reconciliations are different from those amounts previously reported. Because the accounting for the Company’s concessions did not change under U.S. GAAP, the effects of adoption of IFRIC 12 are reversed in each year presented.
| |
(d) | Bulletin B-15, Inflation Effects |
Under MFRS, the Company appliesBulletin B-15. This standard allows the factor used by the Company to restate prior period consolidated financial statements presented for comparative purposes for the effects of inflation to be a weighted-average rate that incorporates the effects of inflation in Mexico using the NCPI for the Company’s Mexican operations and inflation and currency exchange rate fluctuations in countries in which the Company has foreign subsidiaries (the “Restatement Factor”) instead of a rate based solely on the NCPI.
However, because the Restatement Factor used to restate prior period financial statements incorporates the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates through the most recent balance sheet date, it is not consistent withRegulation S-XRule 3-20(d) of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Therefore, for purposes of the U.S. GAAP reconciliation, prior period consolidated financial statements are restated for changes in the NCPI.
The Restatement Factor used by the Company to restate prior period amounts was 1.0424. The applicable NCPI factor is 1.0375. Accordingly, the U.S. GAAP reconciliation includes an adjustment in 2006 and 2005 to reflect the difference between the Restatement Factor and NCPI, to ensure that ending net income and stockholders’ equity of those respective years under U.S. GAAP is restated based on the NCPI. The amounts that would result from using NCPI rather than Restatement Factor on individual line items in the 2006 and 2005 financial statements may be computed by dividing the reported MFRS amount by 1.0424 and multiplying the result by 1.0375.
As discussed in Note 30, NIF B-15,Translation of Foreign Currencies, is effective January 1, 2008, which modifies the accounting for the translation of operations of foreign subsidiaries. The Company is in the process of determining what effect the adoption of this NIF will have on this reconciling item.
| |
(e) | Deferred Income Taxes and Statutory Employee Profit Sharing |
Under MFRS, the Company accounts for deferred income taxes in accordance withBulletin D-4, Income Tax, Asset Tax and Statutory Employee Profit Sharing, which requires a methodology similar to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes, which is applied by the Company for purposes of the U.S. GAAP reconciliation. However, deferred taxes are classified as non-current for MRFS purposes while they are based on the classification of the related asset or liability for U.S. GAAP purposes.
As discussed in Note 20, during 2007, the IETU Law was enacted and will become effective in 2008. The Company determined whether it would be subject to ISR or IETU and recorded the deferred tax asset (liability) based on such determination. However, with respect to the MFRS financial statements, at those entities where, based on its projections, the Company will be subject to ISR in some years and IETU in others, the Company determined and recorded either the larger deferred tax liability or the smaller deferred tax asset. For purposes of U.S. GAAP, in those entities where, based on its projections, the Company will be
F-71
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
subject to ISR in some years and IETU in others, the Company scheduled the reversal of temporary differences for each tax and determined by year whether the applicable reversing temporary differences should be those under ISR or IETU and applied the applicable rate to determine the appropriate amount of deferred taxes.
In addition, the Company calculates a deferred statutory employee profit sharing liability for purposes of MFRS based on the temporary differences between the accounting result and income for employee profit sharing purposes. However, U.S. GAAP requires that deferred employee profit sharing be based on the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the statutory employee profit sharing basis of assets and liabilities for those subsidiaries of the Company which have employees in Mexico. In 2005, the difference between MFRS and U.S. GAAP was not considered material. In 2007 and 2006, the difference between the accounting standards is recognized within the accompanying reconciliation to U.S. GAAP.
As discussed in Note 30, NIF D-3,Employee Benefits, is effective beginning January 1, 2008, which will require companies to calculate deferred PTU using a similar balance sheet methodology similar to that required by U.S. GAAP. The Company is in the process of determining what effect the adoption of this NIF will have on this reconciling item.
F-72
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A reconciliation of the net deferred income tax asset from MFRS to U.S. GAAP and the composition of the deferred income taxes under U.S. GAAP at December 31, 2007 and 2006 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
Reconciliation of net deferred income tax liability: | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income taxes under MFRS (see Note 20c, 20d and 20e) | | Ps. | (1,536,747 | ) | | Ps. | — | |
Restatement of foreign-sourced fixed assets | | | — | | | | 1,890 | |
Additional depreciation related to impairment reversal | | | (1,298 | ) | | | (2,234 | ) |
Difference related to low-income housing sales | | | 16,944 | | | | 16,062 | |
Difference related to severance payments | | | 4,966 | | | | 3,200 | |
Deferred income tax related to proportional consolidation effects and decrease in valuation allowance for U.S. GAAP | | | — | | | | (75,742 | ) |
Difference related to capitalized financing costs | | | (1,795 | ) | | | — | |
Difference related to IFRIC 12 effects | | | 12,540 | | | | — | |
Difference related to purchase method for minority interest | | | 373 | | | | — | |
Reversal of prior year income tax liability | | | 56,824 | | | | — | |
Recognition of deferred IETU liability | | | (176,003 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred income tax liability under U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | (1,624,196 | ) | | Ps. | (56,824 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Composition of deferred income taxes: | | | | | | | | |
Current: | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | Ps. | (420,368 | ) | | Ps. | (1,347,466 | ) |
Assets | | | 337,161 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net current deferred income tax liability before valuation allowance | | | (83,207 | ) | | | (1,347,466 | ) |
Valuation allowance | | | (10,085 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net current deferred income tax liability | | | (93,292 | ) | | | (1,347,466 | ) |
Non-current: | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | (1,810,014 | ) | | | (1,537,706 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Assets | | | 3,593,071 | | | | 5,997,105 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net non-current deferred tax asset before valuation allowance | | | 1,783,057 | | | | 4,459,399 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (3,313,961 | ) | | | (3,168,757 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net non-current deferred income tax (liability) asset | | | (1,530,904 | ) | | | 1,290,642 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred income tax liability under U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | (1,624,196 | ) | | Ps. | (56,824 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”),Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. FIN 48 provides detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. FIN 48 requires an entity to recognize the financial statement impact of a tax position when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination. If the tax position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the tax effect is recognized at the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Any difference between the tax position taken in the tax return and the tax position recognized in the financial statements using the criteria above results in the recognition of a liability in the financial statements for the unrecognized benefit. Similarly, if a tax position
F-73
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
fails to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the benefit taken in the tax return will also result in the recognition of a liability in the financial statements for the full amount of the unrecognized benefit. FIN 48 became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 for public entities and their subsidiaries.
The Company adopted FIN 48 as of January 1, 2007, as required. The provisions of FIN 48 were applied to all tax positions under SFAS No. 109 upon initial adoption. The impact of adopting this interpretation was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
| |
(f) | Capitalization of Financing Costs |
Financing and other costs are subject to capitalization under MFRS, including foreign exchange gains and losses, interest income and expense, and gains and losses from monetary position. According to U.S. GAAP, for debt obligations denominated in U.S. dollars, only interest expense with explicit interest rates and interest expense related to capital lease obligations are eligible for capitalization on qualifying assets. Consequently, in 2007, 2006 and 2005, such non-eligible amounts for U.S. GAAP that were capitalized under MFRS have been reversed in the U.S. GAAP reconciliation and treated as income or expense as appropriate. Additionally, the related effects of depreciation on the amounts capitalized have been reversed.
Total interest capitalized for U.S. GAAP purposes was Ps.12,861 and Ps.35,010 for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. No interest was capitalized in 2005.
| |
(g) | Revenue Recognition for Low-Income Housing Sales |
The Company recognizes revenues derived from sales of low-income housing at the earlier of the date on which the house is completed and credit is approved by the financing agency or the title of the house has passed to the buyer.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, sales are recognized when all of the following conditions are met: (i) a sale is consummated; (ii) the buyer’s initial and continuing investments are adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property; (iii) the seller’s receivable is not subject to future subordination and (iv) the seller has transferred to the buyer the usual risks and rewards of ownership in a transaction that is in substance a sale and does not have a substantial continuing involvement with the property. The reversal of these sales, net of their related cost of sales for 2007 and 2006 is included in the accompanying U.S. GAAP reconciliation. The amounts related to this adjustment in 2005 were not material.
| |
(h) | Restatement of Foreign-Sourced Fixed Assets |
Under MFRS, the Company applies the Fifth Amendment toBulletin B-10, which allows foreign-sourced fixed assets to be restated for inflation using either of two methodologies. Under the first methodology, foreign-sourced fixed assets are restated by applying Mexican NCPI factors to the original cost of the asset, denominated in pesos. The alternate methodology, which is utilized by the Company, restates foreign-sourced fixed assets by applying the inflation factor of the country of origin to the original cost, denominated in the foreign currency, and then translating such amounts into pesos at the foreign exchange rate in effect at the most recent balance sheet date.
The alternate methodology is not consistent withRegulation S-XRule 3-20(d) of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, the effects of applying the alternate methodology to foreign-sourced fixed assets have been adjusted in the reconciliation of net income and stockholders’ equity to U.S. GAAP above, the resulting effect being that such foreign-sourced fixed assets are restated using the NCPI applied to original cost (the balance of the related assets at December 31, 1997 or historical cost if acquired subsequent to 1997) in pesos.
F-74
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
As discussed in the introduction to this note as well as Note 30, beginning January 1, 2008 with the issuance of NIF B-10, the Company expects that the basic financial statements under MFRS will no longer include inflationary effects, for which reason, this reconciling item will no longer be applicable in the future. Further, even during inflationary periods, the alternate methodology has been eliminated by NIF B-10.
| |
(i) | Liability for Severance Payments, Pension Plan and Seniority Premiums |
Under MFRS, effective January 1, 2005, the Company adopted the revised provisions ofBulletin D-3,Employee Benefits, which require the recognition of a severance indemnity liability calculated based on actuarial computations. The same recognition criteria under U.S. GAAP is established in SFAS No. 112,Employers’ Accounting for Postemployment Benefits, which has been effective since 1994, and requires that a liability for certain termination benefits provided under an ongoing benefit arrangement be recognized when the likelihood of future settlement is probable. Accordingly, in the adjustment in the 2005 reconciliation of net income of majority interest and of stockholders’ equity represents the reversal of the effects of the cumulative adoption ofBulletin D-3 and the removal of the intangible asset in the financial statements under MFRS. Also in 2006 and in 2007, the adjustment to net income includes the reversal of amortization of the intangible asset recognized under MFRS.
In addition, in 2006, the Company adopted the recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158,Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans — an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R). SFAS No. 158 requires companies to recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as a net asset or liability and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income to the extent those changes are not included in the net periodic cost. The funded status reported on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 under SFAS No. 158 was measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation on aplan-by-plan basis. The Company believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience and market conditions.
F-75
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
As discussed in Note 30, NIF D-3,Employee Benefits, is effective January 1, 2008. The Company is in the process of determining what effects, if any, adoption of this new NIF will have on this reconciling item.
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
|
At December 31: | | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligation | | Ps. | 588,475 | | | Ps. | 565,463 | |
Unrecognized items | | | 337,241 | | | | 400,880 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Accrued benefit cost recognized in the balance sheet | | Ps. | 925,716 | | | Ps. | 966,343 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Change in benefit obligations: | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | Ps. | 566,075 | | | Ps. | 538,450 | |
Service cost | | | 36,541 | | | | 30,742 | |
Interest cost | | | 45,059 | | | | 18,690 | |
Actuarial loss | | | (32,197 | ) | | | 15,812 | |
Benefits paid | | | (32,310 | ) | | | (10,396 | ) |
Prior service cost | | | 5,307 | | | | (27,223 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | Ps. | 588,475 | | | Ps. | 566,075 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Components of net periodic benefit cost: | | | | | | | | |
Service cost | | Ps. | 36,541 | | | Ps. | 30,742 | |
Interest cost | | | 45,059 | | | | 18,690 | |
Amortization of net loss | | | 41,230 | | | | 8,633 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net periodic benefit cost | | Ps. | 122,830 | | | Ps. | 58,065 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average assumption used to determine benefit obligations at December 31: | | | | |
Discount rate | | | 8.00 | % | | | 8.50 | % |
Rate of compensation increase | | | 5.00 | % | | | 5.00 | % |
Weighted-average assumption used to determine net periodic benefit cost for years ended December 31: | | | | | | | | |
Discount rate | | | 8.00 | % | | | 8.50 | % |
Rate of compensation increase | | | 5.00 | % | | | 5.00 | % |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | |
Net loss and prior service credit recognized as component of net periodic pension cost: | | Ps. | (32,866 | ) | | Ps. | (2,008 | ) |
Net transition obligation recognized as component of net periodic pension cost: | | Ps. | (7,220 | ) | | Ps. | — | |
Net gain, prior service cost and transition obligation included in accumulated OCI: | | Ps. | 308,161 | | | Ps. | 369,886 | |
Estimate to be recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost over the following fiscal year: | | | | | | | | |
Net gain | | Ps. | 1,174 | | | Ps. | 1,601 | |
Prior service cost | | Ps. | 31,942 | | | Ps. | 31,819 | |
Transition obligation | | Ps. | 6,950 | | | Ps. | 7,155 | |
F-76
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Seniority
| | | | |
| | Premium
| | | Severance
| |
| | Benefits | | | Benefits | |
|
2008 | | | Ps. 1,774 | | | | Ps. 24,027 | |
2009 | | | 2,293 | | | | 21,092 | |
2010 | | | 2,524 | | | | 18,340 | |
2011 | | | 2,357 | | | | 16,443 | |
2012 | | | 2,505 | | | | 15,044 | |
Thereafter | | | 13,889 | | | | 62,003 | |
In 2001, the Company recorded an impairment charge related to a construction property, based on the fair value of the property as compared to its carrying value, due to the fact that the Company no longer had projects that would require the use of such property. During 2003, ICAFD was awarded certain projects that would require the use of this construction property. As such, under MFRS, the Company reversed Ps.22,677 of the previously recorded impairment charge. Also, during 2004 the Company’s management reviewed the estimate of the recoverable value of the Acapulco Tunnel concession, considering the present value of future cash flows. As a result of its analysis, the Company recognized a reversal of Ps.179,437 of the impairment loss taken in previous years, recorded against the caption other expense in the statement of income in its MFRS financial statements.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the reversal of a previously recorded loss for impairment is not permitted. Therefore, the effects of these impairment reversals taken in those years are included as reconciling items in the reconciliation of stockholders’ equity. In addition, this line item in the reconciliation for 2007, 2006 and 2005 includes the reversal of additional depreciation expense that is recognized under MFRS, given a higher asset value than would be under U.S. GAAP, which was Ps.7,415, Ps.7,978 and Ps.5,889, respectively.
Under MFRS, the minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries is presented as a separate component within stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet. For U.S. GAAP purposes, minority interest is presented separately between total liabilities and stockholders’ equity. Additionally, the minority interest in the net earnings of consolidated subsidiaries is excluded from consolidated net income. Accordingly, the effects of minority interest on stockholders’ equity have been removed in the preceding reconciliations of stockholders’ equity and net income.
As discussed in Note 30, SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51, will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009. SFAS No. 160 modifies the presentation of minority interest in the balance sheet and statement of income similar to that of MFRS, for which reason the Company anticipates that this difference will no longer be applicable beginning January 1, 2009.
| |
(l) | Acquisition of Minority Interest |
As discussed in Note 22(b), during 2007, the Company purchased a portion of the minority interest of two of its consolidated subsidiaries, GACN and Autopista del Occidente, S.A. de C.V. In conformity with MFRS, given that the transactions were between stockholders of the same economic entity, the excess purchase price paid above book value of the acquired shares was recorded as a stockholders’ equity
F-77
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
distribution. Accordingly, the 2007 statement of changes in stockholders’ equity under MFRS shows a reduction for Ps.530,891 representing the excess of the purchase price.
Under U.S. GAAP, the excess of the purchase price must be distributed between the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed under the purchase method of accounting of SFAS No. 141,Business Combinations. Accordingly, the effect included in stockholders’ equity under MFRS has been removed in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP. Additionally, Ps.157,782 was allocated to the fair value of assets, including an intangible concession asset, which generated additional depreciation and amortization for U.S. GAAP purposes of Ps.2,133 as included in the accompanying reconciliation of net (loss) income.
As discussed in Note 30, SFAS No. 160 will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009. SFAS No. 160 modifies the accounting for the acquisition of minority interest similar to that of MFRS, for which reason the Company anticipates that acquisitions of minority interest after December 31, 2008 will be accounted for in a similar manner under both MFRS and U.S. GAAP.
| |
(m) | Other Differences and Supplemental U.S. GAAP and Securities and Exchange Commission Disclosures |
(1) Inventories— At December 31, 2007, the Company classified Ps. 123,497 of advances to subcontractors within the caption “Real estate inventories” in its balance sheet under MFRS. Such amounts should be classified separately as prepaid expenses within the 2007 balance sheet under U.S. GAAP.
(2) Other (income) expense, net —The Company recorded the following amounts within other (income) expense, net in the accompanying MFRS financial statements: (i) in 2007, the reversal of Ps. 10,571 of value-added tax from concessioned highways; (ii) in 2007, 2006 and 2005, current and deferred PTU expense of Ps. 31,815, Ps. 147,420 and Ps. 103,965, respectively; and (iii) in 2007, 2006 and 2005, loss on the sale of property, plant and equipment of Ps. 667, Ps. 5,946 and Ps. 8,771, respectively.
Under U.S. GAAP, these expenses would be considered a component of operating income. This difference, which does not affect the determination of net income, would decrease other expense by Ps. 43,053, Ps., 153,366 and Ps. 112,736 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and would decrease operating income by an equal amount in the respective years.
(3) Statement of cash flows— For MFRS purposes, the Company presents a statement of changes in financial position. However, for U.S. GAAP, it is required to present a statement of cash flows in accordance with SFAS No. 95,Statement of Cash Flows.
As discussed in Note 30, NIF B-2,Statement of Cash Flows, is effective January 1, 2008. The Company is in the process of determining the effects that the adoption of this NIF will have on this reconciling item.
The information for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is presented below, represents supplemental cash flow information on an MFRS basis, prepared under SFAS No. 95, excluding the effects of inflation in each individual line item.
F-78
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consolidated net income (loss) under MFRS | | $ | (72 | ) | | Ps. | (784,851 | ) | | Ps. | 1,071,734 | | | Ps. | 805,556 | |
Concession effect (IFRIC 12) | | | 2 | | | | 17,115 | | | | (42,298 | ) | | | 9,706 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income of minority interest of ICAFD reported under MFRS | | | (16 | ) | | | (168,645 | ) | | | (144,077 | ) | | | (174,874 | ) |
Effects of inflation | | | 6 | | | | 63,656 | | | | (51,340 | ) | | | (58,574 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 59 | | | | 640,290 | | | | 769,076 | | | | 662,569 | |
Deferred income tax expense | | | 152 | | | | 1,653,676 | | | | 177,321 | | | | 261,265 | |
Provision for seniority premiums and severance payments | | | 7 | | | | 73,956 | | | | 52,362 | | | | 92,365 | |
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment | | | — | | | | 679 | | | | 11,391 | | | | 6,389 | |
Other reserves | | | 3 | | | | 34,268 | | | | 19,259 | | | | 35,000 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | | 17 | | | | 184,090 | | | | (27 | ) | | | (305 | ) |
Share in net loss of affiliated companies | | | — | | | | 3,515 | | | | (14,259 | ) | | | (95,821 | ) |
Gain on sale of investment | | | (1 | ) | | | (9,063 | ) | | | (11,310 | ) | | | (15,847 | ) |
Unrealized exchange loss (gain) | | | 3 | | | | 33,977 | | | | 153,829 | | | | (263,041 | ) |
Uncollected interest income | | | — | | | | (2,963 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Interest payable | | | — | | | | — | | | | 25,810 | | | | 5,786 | |
Long-term provisions | | | (4 | ) | | | (41,196 | ) | | | (387,939 | ) | | | 196,673 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (excluding acquisitions and disposals): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trade receivables | | | (17 | ) | | | (185,774 | ) | | | (260,753 | ) | | | (7,661 | ) |
Contract receivables | | | 842 | | | | 9,157,038 | | | | (2,648,850 | ) | | | (3,612,622 | ) |
Cost and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts | | | (55 | ) | | | (597,544 | ) | | | (1,123,642 | ) | | | (320,800 | ) |
Other receivables | | | (64 | ) | | | (696,747 | ) | | | (1,178,323 | ) | | | 328,717 | |
Inventories | | | (6 | ) | | | (65,083 | ) | | | (99,761 | ) | | | (71,674 | ) |
Real estate inventories | | | (62 | ) | | | (670,827 | ) | | | (711,769 | ) | | | 57,993 | |
Trade accounts payable | | | (6 | ) | | | (61,522 | ) | | | 663,391 | | | | 10,011 | |
Other current liabilities | | | — | | | | (3,777 | ) | | | 586,644 | | | | (325,017 | ) |
Advances from customers | | | (100 | ) | | | (1,088,955 | ) | | | 393,567 | | | | 236,836 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities | | | 688 | | | | 7,485,313 | | | | (2,749,964 | ) | | | (2,237,370 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-79
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | Year Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisitions of property, plant and equipment | | | (43 | ) | | | (468,973 | ) | | | (732,199 | ) | | | (178,858 | ) |
Investment in concessions | | | (80 | ) | | | (872,679 | ) | | | (456,286 | ) | | | (16,543 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | | | 6 | | | | 69,244 | | | | 98,547 | | | | 36,483 | |
Investment in affiliated companies | | | (359 | ) | | | (3,903,543 | ) | | | 217,859 | | | | (30,880 | ) |
Loan due from to affiliated company | | | (5 | ) | | | (54,419 | ) | | | (143,901 | ) | | | 137,137 | |
Cash proceeds from sale of investments in affiliated companies | | | 2 | | | | 22,401 | | | | 109,595 | | | | 624,326 | |
Marketable securities | | | — | | | | — | | | | 305,280 | | | | (305,280 | ) |
Restricted cash and cash equivalents | | | 27 | | | | 297,992 | | | | 306,891 | | | | 440,006 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash generated by (used in) investing activities | | | (452 | ) | | | (4,909,977 | ) | | | (294,214 | ) | | | 706,391 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Payments of long-term debt | | | (843 | ) | | | (9,176,436 | ) | | | (72,251 | ) | | | (614,570 | ) |
Proceeds from long-term debt | | | 293 | | | | 3,184,612 | | | | 2,355,902 | | | | 3,183,289 | |
Repayments of notes payable | | | (61 | ) | | | (668,954 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Proceeds from short-term debt | | | 66 | | | | 713,411 | | | | (123,186 | ) | | | 121,027 | |
Payments of short-term debt | | | — | | | | — | | | | 832,782 | | | | (931,424 | ) |
Issuance of common stock | | | 532 | | | | 5,789,408 | | | | 79,708 | | | | 2,451,173 | |
(Decrease) increase in minority interest | | | (72 | ) | | | (778,885 | ) | | | (269,601 | ) | | | 99,473 | |
Derivative financial instruments | | | 4 | | | | 52,433 | | | | 21,046 | | | | (74,074 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash generated by (used in) financing activities | | | (81 | ) | | | (884,411 | ) | | | 2,824,400 | | | | 4,234,894 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Inflation and exchange rate effect | | | | | | | (10,884 | ) | | | (18,581 | ) | | | (21,407 | ) |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 154 | | | | 1,680,041 | | | | (238,359 | ) | | | 2,682,508 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year | | | 367 | | | | 3,989,392 | | | | 4,227,751 | | | | 1,545,243 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | | $ | 521 | | | Ps. | 5,669,433 | | | Ps. | 3,989,392 | | | Ps. | 4,227,751 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest | | | | | | Ps. | 964,653 | | | Ps. | 647,291 | (1) | | Ps. | 845,854 | |
Income taxes | | | | | | | 219,239 | | | | 80,808 | | | | 80,158 | |
Supplemental non-cash investing activity: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisitions of fixed assets on account | | | | | | Ps. | 359,681 | | | Ps. | 158,009 | | | Ps. | 124,129 | |
F-80
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| | |
(1) | | This amount has been restated (Ps.92,020, previously reported). |
(4) Statement of comprehensive income— The Company’s statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, after giving effect to the U.S. GAAP adjustments described above, are set forth below:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Millions of
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | U.S. Dollars
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | (Convenience
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Translation)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31,
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Net income under U.S. GAAP | | $ | (90 | ) | | Ps. | (985,175 | ) | | Ps. | 484,189 | | | Ps. | 500,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation | | | 1 | | | | 15,606 | | | | (38,192 | ) | | | (186,667 | ) |
Effect of the year of SFAS No. 158 | | | 3 | | | | 30,223 | | | | | | | | | |
Adjustment for excess of additional liability | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 17,267 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income (loss) under U.S. GAAP | | $ | (86 | ) | | Ps. | (939,346 | ) | | Ps. | 445,997 | | | Ps. | 330,811 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(5) Earnings per share in accordance with U.S. GAAP— Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted earnings per share is adjusted to include any potential common shares. Potential common shares include the Company’s stock options under the 2000 stock option plan. The computation and reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
|
Basic (loss) earnings per share: | | Ps. | (2.28 | ) | | Ps. | 1.19 | | | Ps. | 1.44 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted (loss) earnings per share: | | Ps. | (2.28 | ) | | Ps. | 1.19 | | | Ps. | 1.44 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding (thousands) | | | 432,198 | | | | 404,182 | | | | 347,127 | |
Dilutive effects of stock option | | | 651 | | | | 815 | | | | 383 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total potential dilutive shares | | | 432,849 | | | | 404,997 | | | | 347,510 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
(6) Stock option plan— As discussed in the MFRS disclosures, the Company established an employee stock option plan in March 2000. During 2004, the stockholders determined that no further grants would be made under the plan but that those awards outstanding would keep their original terms through the life of the award. Through December 31, 2006, for purposes of U.S. GAAP, the Company applied APB No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,in order to determine compensation cost related to the grant of stock options to employees. On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R),Share-Based Payment, using modified prospective application.
On the date of grant of the options, the exercise price of the options was equal to or less than the market price of the stock on the date of grant, resulting in zero intrinsic value under APB 25 and thus, no related compensation expense. On April 16, 2005, the Company’s stockholders held a meeting approving the reduction of the exercise price on past grants to Ps.3.75. This amendment affected the 2002 grant, which was the only grant whose exercise price was greater than Ps.3.75. As a result of this modification to reduce the
F-81
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
exercise price of the award, the 2002 grant became subject to variable accounting under Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 44,Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation. Accordingly, compensation cost of Ps.1,884 was recognized in the reconciliation of consolidated net income for the year ended December 31, 2005.
All awards granted were vested through 2005 except for the 2003 grant, which vested in April 2006. Accordingly, based on the modified prospective application method required by SFAS No. 123(R), the Company recognized Ps. 1,483 of compensation cost related to the unvested portion of the 2003 award in 2006. Compensation cost was recognized based on the award’s grant-date fair value, which was the fair value previously calculated for purposes of the Company’s pro forma disclosure.
In addition, 633,032, 1,431,302 and 1,192,455 shares were exercised during 2007, 2006 and 2005 respectively, for which a cost (and corresponding additional paid-in capital) of Ps. 19,150, Ps. 19,910 and Ps. 4,248, respectively, was recognized under MFRS related to the difference between the fair value of the stock and the exercise price on the date of exercise. For purposes of U.S. GAAP, as compensation cost is recognized over the service period of the employees, no additional compensation cost is recognized upon exercise of the options. Accordingly, such amount is reversed in the reconciliation of consolidated net income and stockholders’ equity in 2007, 2006 and 2005. Furthermore, under U.S. GAAP, upon exercise of the options, given that the stock has no par value, the value of common stock is calculated as the amount of cash received from the exercise plus amounts previously credited to additional paid-in capital for services rendered that were charged to compensation cost. The 2002 and 2003 tranches were the only tranches on which compensation cost was recognized under APB 25 and SFAS No. 123(R). During 2005, as none of the options exercised were from the 2002 grant, the amount of common stock recognized under both MFRS and U.S. GAAP was solely represented by the cash proceeds received. During 2007 and 2006, exercises were made from the 2002 and 2003 tranches; accordingly, the value of common stock was represented by the cash proceeds received from the exercise and the previously recognized compensation expense of Ps.740 and Ps. 2,448 which for U.S. GAAP purposes would be reclassified from additional paid-in capital to common stock.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), given that the Company followed accounting under APB 25, it was subject to pro forma compensation cost presentation requirements previously required of SFAS No. 123; subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), pro forma information is not required. Pro forma information previously reported in 2005, as well as other additional disclosures required by SFAS No. 123(R), are presented below.
Options outstanding as of December 31, 2007 consist of 903,352 options, all with an exercise price of Ps.22.50 and a weighted-average remaining contractual life of 2.29 years. At December 31, 2006, all options have vested. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, options exercisable consist of 903,352, 1,536,384 and 2,544,824 shares, respectively, at a weighted average exercise price of Ps. 22.50 and a weighted-average remaining contractual life at December 31, 2007 of 2.29 years.
F-82
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table reflects the Company’s employee stock option activity from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2007, and the weighted average exercise prices:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Weighted Average
| |
| | Number of Shares | | | Exercise Price | |
|
Options outstanding at January 1, 2005 | | | 4,160,308 | | | | 22.50 | |
Granted | | | 1,192,455 | | | | 22.50 | |
Forfeited | | | 167 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Options outstanding at December 31, 2005 | | | 2,967,686 | | | | 22.50 | |
Granted | | | — | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | — | | | | | |
Exercised | | | 1,431,302 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Options outstanding at December 31, 2006 | | | 1,536,384 | | | | 22.50 | |
Granted | | | — | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | — | | | | | |
Exercised | | | 633,032 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Options outstanding at December 31, 2007 | | | 903,352 | | | | 22.50 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and net income per share under U.S. GAAP as if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) at December 31, 2005, including the effects of modification accounting as required for the modification of the exercise price on the 2002 grant in 2005 as discussed previously. For purposes of these pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized over the options’ vesting period.
| | | | |
| | Year Ended,
| |
| | December 31,
| |
| | 2005 | |
|
Net income under U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | 500,211 | |
Plus: Compensation cost recognized under APB No. 25 | | | 1,884 | |
Minus: Stock-based employee compensation expense determined using the fair value method | | | (6,949 | ) |
| | | | |
Pro forma net income U.S. GAAP | | Ps. | 495,146 | |
| | | | |
(7) Valuation and qualifying accounts —Changes in the Company’s valuation and qualifying accounts are outlined in the table below. Rollforward information for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 for short-term and long-term provisions is included in Note 17. Additionally, rollforward information for
F-83
EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
the year ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, for the allowance for doubtful accounts is included in Note 5:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at
| | | Additions Charged
| | | | | | | | | Balance at
| |
| | Beginning of
| | | to Costs and
| | | Inflation
| | | | | | End of
| |
Description | | Year | | | Expenses | | | Effects | | | Deductions | | | Year | |
|
Allowance for impairment(1): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2005 | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | |
Year ended December 31, 2006 | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | |
Year ended December 31, 2007 | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 1,116,143 | |
Allowance for obsolete inventory(2): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Year ended December 31, 2005 | | Ps. | 1,044 | | | Ps. | 94,350 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 95,394 | |
Year ended December 31, 2006 | | Ps. | 95,394 | | | Ps. | 22,446 | | | Ps. | (3,713 | ) | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | 114,127 | |
Year ended December 31, 2007 | | Ps. | 114,127 | | | Ps. | — | | | Ps. | (4,125 | ) | | Ps. | (732 | ) | | Ps. | 109,270 | |
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(1) | | Includes impairment losses related to the Company’s property, plant and equipment, investment in concessions and investments in associated companies. |
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(2) | | Amounts represent allowance for obsolete material and spare parts inventories as well as reserves for real estate inventories. |
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30. | New Accounting Principles |
Mexico
In 2007, the Mexican Board for Research and Development of Financial Information Standards (“CINIF”) issued the following NIFs and INIFs , which became effective for fiscal years beginning on January 1, 2008:
NIF B-2,Statement of Cash Flows
NIF B-10,Effects of Inflation
NIF B-15,Translation of Foreign Currencies
NIF D-3,Employee Benefits
NIF D-4,Taxes on Income
INIF 5,Recognition of the Additional Consideration Agreed to at the Inception of a Derivative Financial Instrument to Adjust It to Fair Value
INIF 6,Timing of Formal Hedge Designation
INIF 7,Application of Comprehensive Income or Loss Resulting From a Cash Flow Hedge on a Forecasted Purchase of a Non-Financial Asset
Some of the significant changes established by these standards are as follows:
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| • | NIF B-2,Statement of Cash Flows. This NIF establishes general rules for the presentation, structure and preparation of a cash flow statement, as well as the disclosures supplementing such statement, which replaces the statement of changes in financial position. NIF B-2 requires that the statement show a company’s cash inflows and outflows during the period. Line items should be preferably presented gross. Cash flows from financing activities are now presented below those from investing activities (a departure from the statement of changes in financial position). In addition, NIF B-2 allows entities to determine and present their cash flows from operating activities using either the direct or the indirect method. |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
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| • | NIF B-10,Effects of Inflation. This NIF defines two economic environments: a) inflationary environment, when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is 26% or more, in which case, the effects of inflation should be recognized using the comprehensive method; and b) non-inflationary environment, when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is less than 26%, in which case, no inflationary effects should be recognized in the financial statements. Additionally, NIF B-10 eliminates the replacement cost and specific indexation methods for inventories and fixed assets, respectively, and requires that the cumulative gain or loss from holding non-monetary assets be reclassified to retained earnings, if such gain or loss is realized; the gain or loss that is not realized will be maintained in stockholders’ equity and charged to current earnings of the period in which the originating item is realized. Accordingly, the potential effects of adopting NIF B-10 could include (i) no longer recognizing monetary gains and losses attributable to the effects of inflation on monetary assets and liabilities; (ii) ceasing to adjust the carrying value of non-monetary assets for inflation and currency variations; (iii) ceasing to re-express the results of prior periods (such that prior period results will continue to be expressed in constant pesos of December 31, 2007); (iv) no longer recalculating the results of foreign operations by applying the period end exchange rate to the inflation-adjusted local currency, but instead, using nominal local currency amounts and applying average exchange rates for the period; (v) ceasing to use inflation-adjusted assumptions in determining employee benefit obligations and instead using nominal discount rates and other assumptions. |
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| • | NIF B-15,Translation of Foreign Currencies. NIF B-15 eliminates classification of integrated foreign operations and foreign entities and incorporates the concepts of accounting currency, functional currency and reporting currency. NIF B-15 establishes the procedures to translate the financial information of a foreign subsidiary: i) from the accounting to the functional currency; and ii) from the functional to the reporting currency, and allows entities to present their financial statements in a reporting currency other than their functional currency. |
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| • | NIF D-3,Employee Benefits. This NIF addresses current and deferred employee statutory profit-sharing, or PTU. Deferred PTU should be calculated using the same methodology established in NIF D-4. It also includes the career salary concept and the amortization period of most items is reduced to five years, as explained below. |
Items will be amortized over a five-year period, or less, if employees’ remaining labor life is less than the:
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| • | Beginning balance of the transition liability for severance and retirement benefits |
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| • | Beginning balance of past service cost and changes to the plan |
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| • | Beginning balance of gains and losses from severance benefits, according to actuarial calculations, should be amortized against the results of 2008 |
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| • | Beginning balance of gains and losses from retirement benefits, according to actuarial calculations, should be amortized over a five-year period (net of the transition liability), with the option to fully amortize such item against the results of 2008. |
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| • | NIF D-4, Taxes on Income. This NIF relocates accounting for current and deferred PTU to NIF D-3, eliminates the permanent difference concept, redefines and incorporates various definitions and requires that the cumulative ISR effect be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with some of the other comprehensive income items that have not been applied against current earnings. |
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| • | INIF 5,Recognition of the Additional Consideration Agreed to at the Inception of a Derivative Financial Instrument to Adjust It to Fair Value. INIF 5 states that any additional consideration agreed to at the inception of a derivative financial instrument to adjust it to its fair value at that time should be part of the instrument’s initial fair value and not subject to amortization as established by paragraph 90 ofBulletin C-10. INIF 5 also establishes that the effect of the change should be prospectively |
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
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| | recognized, affecting results of the period in which this INIF becomes effective. If the effect of the change is material, it should be disclosed. |
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| • | INIF 6,Timing of Formal Hedge Designation. INIF 6 states that hedge designations may be made as of the date a derivative financial instrument is contracted, or at a later date, provided its effects are prospectively recognized as of the date when formal conditions are met and the instrument qualifies as a hedging relationship. Paragraph 51.a) ofBulletin C-10 only considered the hedge designation at the inception of the transaction. |
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| • | INIF 7,Application of Comprehensive Income or Loss Resulting From a Cash Flow Hedge on a Forecasted Purchase of a Non-Financial Asset. INIF 7 states that the effect of a hedge reflected in other comprehensive income or loss resulting from a forecasted purchase of a non-financial asset should be capitalized within the cost of such asset, whose price is set through a hedge, rather than reclassifying the effect to the results of the period affected by the asset, as required by Paragraph 105 ofBulletin C-10. The effect of this change should be recognized by applying any amounts recorded in other comprehensive income or loss to the cost of the acquired asset, as of the effective date of this INIF. |
At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the Company has not fully assessed the effects of adopting these new standards on its financial information.
United States of America
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements. SFAS No. 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 clarifies the definition of exchange price as the price between market participants in an orderly transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability, that is, the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability. The changes to current practice resulting from the application of this statement relate to the definition of fair value, the methods used to measure fair value, and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years for financial assets and liabilities such as derivatives measured at fair value under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an irrevocable election to measure hybrid financial instruments at fair value under SFAS No. 155 Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, servicing assets and liabilities measured at fair value under SFAS No. 156, Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets, etc. SFAS No. 157 has been deferred until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities such as asset retirement obligations measured at fair value at initial recognition under SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, long-lived asset groups measured at fair value under SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, liabilities for exit or disposal activities measured at fair value under SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated With Exit or Disposal Activities, etc. The Company is in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159 permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to expand the use of fair value measurements in accounting for financial instruments. The fair value option permits a company to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates. A company will report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings after adoption. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2006. The Company is in the process of determining the impact of adopting this new accounting principle on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
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EMPRESAS ICA, S.A.B. DE C.V. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51. SFAS No. 160 (a) amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and the deconsolidation of a subsidiary; (b) changes the way the consolidated income statement is presented; (c) establishes a single method of accounting for changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation; (d) requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated; and (e) requires expanded disclosures in the consolidated financial statements that clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent’s owners and the interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 must be applied prospectively but presentation and disclosure requirements (relating to the presentation of minority interest in the balance sheet and statement of income) must be applied retrospectively to provide comparability in the financial statements. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company does not anticipate the adoption of this new accounting principle will have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R),Business Combinations — a replacement of FASB No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) requires (a) a company to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date; and (b) an acquirer in preacquisition periods to expense all acquisition-related costs. SFAS No. 141(R) requires that any adjustments to an acquired entity’s deferred tax asset and liability balance that occur after the measurement period be recorded as a component of income tax expense. This accounting treatment is required for business combinations consummated before the effective date of SFAS No. 141(R) (non-prospective), otherwise SFAS No. 141(R) must be applied prospectively. The presentation and disclosure requirements must be applied retrospectively to provide comparability in the financial statements. Early adoption is prohibited. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company does not anticipate the adoption of this new accounting principle will have an immediate material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
On March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161,Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which enhances the current disclosure framework in SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 161 primarily requires (i) qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives in the context of each instrument’s primary underlying risk exposure; (ii) quantitative disclosures about the location and fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, in a tabular format; and (iii) disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. This Statement encourages, but does not require, comparative disclosures for earlier periods at initial adoption. The Company is in the process of determining the effects of this new standard on its consolidated financial information.
In March 2008, ICA acquired 100% of the shares of Consorcio del Mayab, S.A. de C.V. (the “Mayab Consortium”) for Ps. 870 million. The Mayab Consortium holds the concession for the upgrade, operation, conservation and maintenance for 30 years of the 241.5 km highway between Kantunil and Cancun in the states of Yucatan and Quintana Roo, respectively.
On March 25, 2008, one of the subsidiaries of the Company issued new securitization certificates for an amount of Ps.1,250 million, which accrue interest on any unpaid balance and mature beginning December 30, 2010 through December 30, 2033. Proceeds received were used to repay existing debt of Ps. 800 million.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
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32. | Authorization for issuance of financial statements |
On March 6, 2008, the issuance of these financial statements was authorized by Dr. José Luis Guerrero Álvarez, General Director of Empresas ICA, S.A.B. de C.V., subsequent to which additional disclosures related to U.S. GAAP were included. These consolidated financial statements are subject to approval at the ordinary stockholders’ meeting, where they may be modified based on provisions set forth by the Mexican General Corporate Law.
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