| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies General The accompanying financial statements reflect the consolidated accounts of Old Dominion Electric Cooperative and TEC. In accordance with Consolidation Accounting, TEC is considered a variable interest entity for which we are the primary beneficiary. We have eliminated all intercompany balances and transactions in consolidation. The assets and liabilities, and non-controlling interest of TEC are recorded at carrying value and the consolidated assets were $5.8 million and $5.7 million, as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The income taxes reported on our Consolidated Statements of Revenues, Expenses, and Patronage Capital relate to the tax provision for TEC, which is a taxable corporation. As TEC is 100% owned by our Class A members, its equity is presented as a non-controlling interest on our consolidated financial statements. Our non-controlling, 50% or less, ownership interest in other entities for which we have significant influence is recorded using the equity method of accounting. We have a power sales contract with TEC under which we may sell to TEC, power that we do not need to meet the needs of our member distribution cooperatives. TEC then sells this power to the market under market-based rate authority granted by FERC. Additionally, we have a separate contract under which we may purchase natural gas from TEC. TEC does not engage in speculative trading. We are a not-for-profit wholesale power supply cooperative, incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1948. We have two classes of members. Our eleven Class A members are customer-owned electric distribution cooperatives engaged in the retail sale of power to customers located in Virginia, Delaware, and Maryland. Our sole Class B member is TEC. Our board of directors is composed of two representatives from each of the member distribution cooperatives and one representative from TEC. Our rates are set periodically by a formula that was accepted for filing by FERC, and are not regulated by the public service commissions of the states in which our member distribution cooperatives operate. We comply with the Uniform System of Accounts prescribed by FERC. In conformity with GAAP, the accounting policies and practices applied by us in the determination of rates are also employed for financial reporting purposes. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported therein. Actual results could differ from those estimates. We did not have any other comprehensive income for the periods presented. Electric Plant Electric plant is stated at original cost when first placed in service. Such cost includes contract work, direct labor and materials, allocable overhead, an allowance for borrowed funds used during construction and asset retirement costs. Upon the partial sale or retirement of plant assets, the original asset cost and current disposal costs less sale proceeds, if any, are charged or credited to accumulated depreciation. In accordance with industry practice, no profit or loss is recognized in connection with normal sales and retirements of property units. Maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. Replacements and renewals of items considered to be units of property are capitalized to the property accounts. Depreciation We use the group method of depreciation and conduct depreciation studies approximately every five years. Our last depreciation study was performed in 2016 and implemented in 2017. Our depreciation rates were as follows:
Depreciation Rates
Generating Facility
2018
2017
2016
Wildcat Point (1)
3.1
%
—
%
—
%
North Anna
3.3
3.3
3.0
Clover
1.9
1.9
1.8
Louisa
3.1
3.1
3.5
Marsh Run
3.0
3.0
3.2
Rock Springs (2)
3.1
3.1
3.3
(1)
Wildcat Point achieved commercial operation on April 17, 2018.
(2)
We sold our interest in Rock Springs and related assets to EPRS on September 14, 2018. Nuclear Fuel Nuclear fuel is amortized on a unit of production basis sufficient to fully amortize the cost of fuel over its estimated service life and is recorded in fuel expense. Virginia Power, as operating agent of North Anna, has the sole authority and responsibility to procure nuclear fuel for the facility. Virginia Power advises us that it primarily uses long-term contracts to support North Anna’s nuclear fuel requirements and that worldwide market conditions are continuously evaluated to ensure a range of supply options at reasonable prices, which are dependent upon the market environment. We are not a direct party to any of these procurement contracts and we do not control their terms or duration. Virginia Power advises us that current agreements, inventories, and spot market availability are expected to support North Anna’s current and planned fuel supply needs for the near term and that additional fuel is purchased as required to attempt to ensure optimal cost and inventory levels. Under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, the DOE is required to provide for the permanent disposal of spent nuclear fuel produced by nuclear facilities, such as North Anna, in accordance with contracts executed with the DOE. The DOE did not begin accepting spent fuel in 1998 as specified in its contract. As a result, Virginia Power sought reimbursement for certain spent nuclear fuel-related costs incurred and in 2012 signed a settlement agreement with the DOE. By mutual agreement of the parties, the settlement agreement is extendable to provide for resolution of damages. The settlement agreement has been extended to provide for periodic payments for damages incurred through December 31, 2019. We continue to recognize receivables for certain spent nuclear fuel-related costs. We believe the recovery of these costs from the DOE is probable. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had an outstanding receivable of $4.7 million and $2.9 million, respectively. Fuel, Materials, and Supplies Fuel, materials, and supplies is primarily composed of fuel and spare parts for our generating assets, and renewable energy credits, all of which are recorded at cost. Fuel consists primarily of coal and No. 2 fuel oil. Allowance for Borrowed Funds Used During Construction Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction is defined as the net cost of borrowed funds used for construction purposes during the construction period and a reasonable rate on other funds when so used. We capitalize interest on borrowings for significant construction projects. Interest capitalized in 2018, 2017, and 2016, was $11.2 million, $35.6 million, and $30.3 million, respectively. Income Taxes We are a not-for-profit electric cooperative and are currently exempt from federal income taxation under IRC Section 501(c)(12), and we intend to continue to operate in this manner. Based on our assessment and evaluations of relevant authority, we believe we could sustain treatment as a tax-exempt utility in the event of a challenge of our tax status. Accordingly, no provision for income taxes has been recorded based on ODEC’s operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. TEC is a taxable corporation and its provision for income taxes was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016. Operating Revenues Our operating revenues are derived from sales to our members and non-members. We supply power requirements (energy and demand) to our eleven member distribution cooperatives subject to substantially identical wholesale power contracts with each of them. We bill our member distribution cooperatives monthly and each member distribution cooperative is required to pay us monthly for power furnished under its wholesale power contract. See Note 5—Wholesale Power Contracts. We transfer control of the electricity over time and our member distribution cooperatives simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of the electricity. The amount we invoice our member distribution cooperatives on a monthly basis corresponds directly to the value to the member distribution cooperatives of our performance, which is determined by our formula rate included in the wholesale power contract. We also sell excess energy and renewable energy credits to non-members at prevailing market prices as control is transferred. We sell excess purchased and generated energy to PJM, TEC, or third parties. Sales to TEC consist of sales of excess energy that we do not need to meet the actual needs of our member distribution cooperatives. TEC’s sales to third parties are reflected as non-member revenues. In 2018, 2017, and 2016, we had no sales to TEC and TEC had no sales to third parties. Our operating revenues for the past three years were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2018
2017
2016
(in thousands)
Member distribution cooperatives
Sales to member distribution cooperatives, excluding renewable energy credit sales
$
865,393
$
731,557
$
844,539
Renewable energy credit sales to member distribution cooperatives
16
19
2,555
Total Sales to member distribution cooperatives
$
865,409
$
731,576
$
847,094
Non-members
Sales to non-members, excluding renewable energy credit sales
$
64,209
$
16,356
$
21,645
Renewable energy credit sales to non-members
2,950
5,175
9,132
Total sales to non-members
$
67,159
$
21,531
$
30,777
Total operating revenues
$
932,568
$
753,107
$
877,871
Formula Rate Our power sales are comprised of two power products – energy and demand. Energy is the physical electricity delivered through transmission and distribution facilities to customers. We must have sufficient committed energy available to us for delivery to our member distribution cooperatives to meet their maximum energy needs at any time, with limited exceptions. This committed available energy at any time is referred to as demand. The rates we charge our member distribution cooperatives for sales of energy and demand are determined by a formula rate accepted by FERC. On December 2, 2013, FERC accepted our formula rate effective January 1, 2014, subject to refund, and established hearing and settlement procedures. On January 19, 2017, FERC directed us to submit a compliance filing making certain revisions to the formula rate. These revisions to the formula rate did not change our overall revenue requirements. On March 22, 2018, FERC accepted our compliance filing and required us to file a refund report to calculate the difference between rates charged under our rate schedule since January 1, 2014, and rates that would have been charged under the revised rate schedule submitted in our compliance filing. On July 24, 2018, FERC accepted the refund report, which resulted in a reallocation of costs among our member distribution cooperatives and did not result in any change to our operating revenues. Our formula rate is intended to permit collection of revenues which will equal the sum of:
•
all of our costs and expenses;
•
20% of our total interest charges; and
•
additional equity contributions approved by our board of directors. The formula rate identifies the cost components that we can collect through rates, but not the actual amounts to be collected. With limited minor exceptions, we can change our rates periodically to match the costs we have incurred and we expect to incur without seeking FERC approval. Energy costs, which are primarily variable costs, such as natural gas, nuclear, and coal fuel costs, and the energy costs under our power purchase contracts with third parties, are recovered through two separate rates, the base energy rate and the energy adjustment rate (collectively referred to as the total energy rate). The base energy rate is developed annually to collect energy costs as estimated in our budget including amounts in the deferred energy account from the prior year. As of January 1 of each year, the base energy rate is reset in accordance with our budget and the energy adjustment rate is reset to zero. We can revise the energy adjustment rate during the year if it becomes apparent that the total energy rate is over-collecting or under-collecting our actual and anticipated energy costs. Any revision to the energy adjustment rate requires board approval and that the resulting change to the total energy rate is at least 2%. Demand costs, which are primarily fixed costs, such as depreciation expense, interest expense, administrative and general expenses, capacity costs under power purchase contracts with third parties, transmission costs, our margin requirement, and additional equity contributions approved by our board of directors, are recovered through our demand rates. The formula rate allows us to change the actual demand rates we charge as our demand-related costs change, without FERC approval, with the exception of decommissioning cost, which is a fixed number in the formula rate that requires FERC approval prior to any adjustment. FERC approval is also needed to change account classifications currently in the formula or to add accounts not otherwise included in the current formula. Additionally, depreciation studies are required to be filed with FERC for its approval if they would result in a change in our depreciation rates. We collect our total demand costs through the following three separate rates:
•
transmission service rate – designed to collect transmission-related and distribution-related costs;
•
RTO capacity service rate – designed to collect capacity costs in PJM that PJM allocates to ODEC and all other PJM members; and
•
remaining owned capacity service rate – designed to collect all remaining demand costs not billed and/or recovered under the transmission service and RTO capacity service rates. As stated above, our margin requirement, and additional equity contributions approved by our board of directors are recovered through our demand rates. We establish our demand rates to produce a net margin attributable to ODEC equal to 20% of our budgeted total interest charges, plus additional equity contributions approved by our board of directors. The formula rate permits us to adjust revenues from the member distribution cooperatives to equal our actual total demand costs incurred, including a net margin attributable to ODEC equal to 20% of actual interest charges, plus additional equity contributions approved by our board. We make these adjustments utilizing Margin Stabilization. See “Margin Stabilization” below. We may revise our budget at any time to the extent that our current budget does not accurately reflect our costs and expenses or estimates of our sales of power. Increases or decreases in our budget automatically amend the energy and/or the demand components of our formula rate, as necessary. If at any time our board of directors determines that the formula does not meet all of our costs and expenses, it may adopt a new formula to meet those costs and expenses, subject to any necessary regulatory review and approval. Margin Stabilization Margin Stabilization allows us to review our actual demand-related costs of service and demand revenues and adjust revenues from our member distribution cooperatives to meet our financial coverage requirements and accumulate additional equity as approved by our board of directors. Our formula rate allows us to collect and return amounts utilizing Margin Stabilization. We record all adjustments, whether increases or decreases, in the year affected and allocate any adjustments to our member distribution cooperatives based on power sales during that year. We collect these increases from our member distribution cooperatives, or offset decreases against amounts owed by our member distribution cooperatives to us, generally in the succeeding calendar year. We adjust operating revenues and accounts receivable–members or accounts payable–members, as appropriate, to reflect these adjustments. These adjustments are treated as due, owed, incurred, and accrued for the year to which the adjustment relates. The following table details the reduction in revenues utilizing Margin Stabilization for the past three years:
Year Ended December 31,
2018
2017
2016
(in thousands)
Margin Stabilization adjustment
$15,312
$34,144
$15,123 Regulatory Assets and Liabilities We account for certain revenues and expenses as a rate-regulated entity in accordance with Accounting for Regulated Operations. This allows certain of our revenues and expenses to be deferred at the discretion of our board of directors, which has budgetary and rate setting authority, if it is probable that these amounts will be collected or returned through our formula rate in future periods. Regulatory assets represent costs that we expect to collect from our member distribution cooperatives based on rates approved by our board of directors in accordance with our formula rate. Regulatory liabilities represent probable future reductions in our revenues associated with amounts that we expect to return to our member distribution cooperatives based on rates approved by our board of directors in accordance with our formula rate. Regulatory assets are generally included in deferred charges and regulatory liabilities are generally included in deferred credits and other liabilities. Deferred energy, which can be either a regulatory asset or a regulatory liability, is included in current assets or current liabilities, respectively. See “Deferred Energy” below. We recognize regulatory assets and liabilities as expenses or as a reduction in expenses, respectively, concurrent with their recovery through rates. Debt Issuance Costs Capitalized costs associated with the issuance of long-term debt totaled $6.7 million and $7.3 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and are included as a direct reduction to long-term debt. Capitalized costs associated with our revolving credit facility totaled $1.0 million and $1.1 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and are recorded in deferred charges–other. These costs are being amortized using the effective interest method over the life of the respective long-term debt issuances and revolving credit facility, and are included in interest charges, net. Deferred Energy In accordance with Accounting for Regulated Operations, we use the deferral method of accounting to recognize differences between our energy expenses and our energy revenues collected from our member distribution cooperatives. The deferred energy balance represents the net accumulation of any under- or over-collection of energy costs. Under-collected energy costs appear as an asset and will be collected from our member distribution cooperatives in subsequent periods through our formula rate. Conversely, over-collected energy costs appear as a liability and will be returned to our member distribution cooperatives in subsequent periods through our formula rate. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had an under-collected deferred energy balance of $26.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively. The following table summarizes the changes to our total energy rate since 2016, which were implemented to address the differences in our realized as well as projected energy costs:
Effective Date of Rate Change
% Change
January 1, 2016
(5.4)
April 1, 2016
(6.8)
September 1, 2016
(6.5)
January 1, 2017
(6.7)
January 1, 2018
11.1
April 1, 2018
3.7
January 1, 2019
(1.3) Financial Instruments (including Derivatives) Investments included in the nuclear decommissioning trust are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on investments held in the nuclear decommissioning trust are deferred as a regulatory liability or a regulatory asset, respectively, until realized. Unrestricted investments in debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are recorded at amortized cost. Non-marketable equity investments, which are accounted for under the equity method, are included in other investments and recorded at cost. Equity securities in other investments are recorded at fair value. See Note 9—Investments. We primarily purchase power under both long-term and short-term physically-delivered forward contracts to supply power to our member distribution cooperatives. These forward purchase contracts meet the accounting definition of a derivative; however, a majority of these forward purchase derivative contracts qualify for the normal purchases/normal sales accounting exception under Accounting for Derivatives and Hedging. As a result, these contracts are not recorded at fair value. We record a liability and purchased power expense when the power under the physically-delivered forward contract is delivered. We also purchase natural gas futures generally for three years or less to hedge the price of natural gas for our facilities which utilize natural gas. These derivatives do not qualify for the normal purchases/normal sales accounting exception. For all derivative contracts that do not qualify for the normal purchases/normal sales accounting exception, we defer all remaining gains and losses on a net basis as a regulatory liability or regulatory asset, respectively, in accordance with Accounting for Regulated Operations. These amounts are subsequently reclassified as purchased power or fuel expense as the power or fuel is delivered and/or the contract settles. Generally, derivatives are reported at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in the regulatory assets or regulatory liabilities account, and deferred charges–other or deferred credits and other liabilities–other. The measurement of fair value is based on actively quoted market prices, if available. Otherwise, we seek indicative price information from external sources, including broker quotes and industry publications. For individual contracts, the use of differing assumptions could have a material effect on the contract’s estimated fair value. Patronage Capital We are organized and operate as a cooperative. Patronage capital represents our retained net margins, which have been allocated to our members based upon their respective power purchases in accordance with our bylaws. Any distributions of patronage capital are subject to the discretion of our board of directors and the restrictions contained in our Indenture. See Note 11—Long-term Debt for discussion of the restrictions contained in the Indenture. We operate on a not-for-profit basis and, accordingly, seek to generate revenues sufficient to recover our cost of service and produce margins sufficient to establish reasonable reserves, meet financial coverage requirements, and accumulate additional equity approved by our board of directors. On November 7, 2017, and December 13, 2016, our board of directors approved an additional equity contribution of $14.1 million and $5.8 million, respectively. Revenues in excess of expenses in any year are designated as net margin attributable to ODEC on our Consolidated Statements of Revenues, Expenses, and Patronage Capital. We designate retained net margins attributable to ODEC on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as patronage capital, which we assign to each of our members on the basis of its class of membership and business with us. On November 7, 2017, and December 13, 2016, our board of directors declared a patronage capital retirement of $14.1 million and $5.8 million, respectively. The $14.1 million patronage capital retirement was paid on April 2, 2018. The $5.8 million patronage capital retirement was paid on April 3, 2017. As a result of the November 7, 2017, and December 13, 2016, declarations, we reduced patronage capital and increased accounts payable–members by $14.1 million and $5.8 million, respectively. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash equivalents, investments, derivatives, and receivables arising from sales to our members and non-members. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables arising from sales to our member distribution cooperatives as reflected by accounts receivable–members were $84.4 million and $83.1 million, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Segment We are organized for the purpose of supplying the power our member distribution cooperatives require to serve their customers on a cost-effective basis. Our President and CEO serves as our chief decision-maker who manages and reviews our operating results as one operating, and therefore one reportable, segment. We supply our member distribution cooperatives’ energy and demand requirements through a portfolio of resources including generating facilities, physically-delivered forward power purchase contracts, and spot market energy purchases. Cash and Cash Equivalents For purposes of our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, we consider all unrestricted highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
As of December 31,
2018
2017
(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
$
8,649
$
4,084
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
14,329
0
Total
$
22,978
$
4,084
Restricted cash and cash equivalents relates to funds held in escrow for payments related to the construction of Wildcat Point. New Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This update requires entities to recognize revenue when the transfer of promised goods or services to customers occurs in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We supply power requirements (energy and demand) to our eleven member distribution cooperatives subject to substantially identical wholesale power contracts with each of them. The revenues from these wholesale power contracts constituted at least 90% of our total revenues for the past three years. We bill our member distribution cooperatives monthly and each member distribution cooperative is required to pay us monthly for power furnished under its wholesale power contract. We transfer control of the electricity over time and our member distribution cooperatives simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of the electricity. The amount we invoice our member distribution cooperatives on a monthly basis corresponds directly to the value to the member distribution cooperatives of our performance, which is determined by our formula rate included in the wholesale power contract. We also sell excess energy and renewable energy credits to non-members at prevailing market prices as control is transferred. We have completed our contract review of our wholesale power and other contracts within the scope of Topic 606, and have finalized our analysis. We have not identified any material impact to our recognition of revenue from the sale of power to our member distribution cooperatives or non-members. We adopted this standard effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. There was no material impact to our recognition of revenue from the sale of power to our member distribution cooperatives or non-members, and there has been no cumulative effect adjustment recognized. See “Operating Revenues” above. In January 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. This update retained the current framework for accounting for financial instruments in GAAP but made targeted improvements to address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. We adopted this update during 2018. The update requires us to measure equity investments at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net margin. We account for certain revenues and expenses as a rate-regulated entity in accordance with Accounting for Regulated Operations. With approval from our board of directors, changes in fair value of certain equity investments are recognized as a change in our regulatory liability account on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 9—Investments. In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 Leases (Subtopic 835-30). This update revised accounting guidance for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leasing arrangements. The update requires the recognition of lease assets and liabilities for those leases currently classified as operating leases while also refining the definition of a lease. In addition, lessees will be required to disclose key information about the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-11 Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which provides an adoption method that would allow companies to apply the new guidance to the financial statements in the period of adoption and thereafter, and not apply the new guidance to comparative periods presented. We have substantially completed our review of the new accounting guidance related to leases on our financial statements and related disclosure and are finalizing the last steps of our analysis. We have identified certain practical expedients we plan to utilize. We currently do not anticipate a material impact from adopting this standard and will adopt it in the first quarter of 2019. In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. This update revised accounting guidance for the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. We adopted this update effective January 1, 2018, and it requires a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents within the Consolidated Balance Sheet and the amounts shown in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. See “Cash and Cash Equivalents” above. |
