NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
OF THE OIL AND GAS PROPERTIES EMPIRE PETROLEUM CORPORATION
PURCHASED ON OCTOBER 29, 2018 FROM RIVIERA UPSTREAM, LLC.
Note 1 – The Properties
On October 29, 2018, Empire Louisiana LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Empire Petroleum Corporation ("Empire") closed on the purchase of oil and gas properties (the "Properties") from Riviera Upstream, LLC formerly known as Linn Energy Holdings, LLC ("Riviera") under an assignment, bill of sale and conveyance dated October 25, 2018 (the "ABOS") for a purchase price of $205,000. The effective date of the transaction was October 1, 2018.
The oil and gas properties purchased from Riviera include 1,200 gross developed and undeveloped acres and six wells currently producing approximately 30 barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) per day. The Company's working interests in the wells range from 0% to 50%.
Note 2 – Basis of Presentation
During the periods presented, the Properties were accounted for by Riviera using the tax basis of accounting. Certain costs, such as depreciation, depletion and amortization, interest, accretion, general and administrative expenses, and corporate income taxes were not allocated to the Properties. Accordingly, full separate financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles do not exist and are not practicable to obtain in these circumstances.
Revenues and direct operating expenses included in the accompanying financial statements represent Empire's net working interest in the Properties for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 and are presented on the accrual basis of accounting. The revenues and direct operating expenses presented herein relate only to the interests in the producing oil and gas properties acquired and do not represent all the operations and administrative activities of Riviera, the other owners, or other third party working interest owners. Depreciation, depletion and amortization, interest, accretion, general and administrative expenses and corporate income taxes have been excluded. The financial statements presented are not indicative of the results of operations of the Properties going forward due to changes in the business, including the price of oil and gas and inclusion of the aforementioned expenses.
The statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the Properties for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. In the opinion of Empire's management, such statements include the adjustments and accruals which are necessary for a fair presentation of results for the Properties. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
Empire reviewed events occurring after the date of the latest financial statement which could affect the Properties' financial position and/or results of operations for the period. Empire reviewed and evaluated events through January 14, 2019 the date these financial statements were available to be issued.
Note 3 – Unaudited Interim Financial Information
The accompanying statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, are unaudited. The unaudited interim statements of revenues and direct operating expenses were prepared on the same basis as the audited statements of revenues and direct operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim statements reflect all adjustments necessary to state fairly the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses of the Properties. The revenues and direct operating expenses for the interim periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the years ending December 31, 2018, or any future periods.
Note 4 – Commitments and Contingencies
Empire is not aware of any legal, environmental or other commitments or contingencies that would have a material effect on the statements of revenues and direct operating expenses.
Note 5 – Supplemental Oil and Natural Gas Reserve Information (Unaudited)
The following reserve estimates present the Company's estimate of the proved natural gas and oil reserves and net cash flow of the Properties, in accordance with the guidelines established by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company emphasizes that reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and that estimates of new discoveries are more imprecise than those of producing natural gas and oil properties. Accordingly, the estimates are expected to change as future information becomes available. All the oil and natural gas reserves are located in Louisiana.
Reserve Quantity Information
Proved oil and natural gas reserves are those quantities of oil and natural gas, which by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be economically producible from a given date forward, from known reservoirs, and under existing economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations. Proved developed reserves are proved reserves that can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods or in which the cost of the required equipment is relatively minor compared to the cost of a new well. Proved undeveloped reserves are proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from new wells on undrilled acreage, or from existing wells where a relatively major expenditures is required for recompletion. Below are the net quantities of net proved developed and undeveloped reserves of the Properties:
| | As of December 31, |
| | 2017 | | 2016 |
| | Oil | Natural Gas | | Oil | Natural Gas |
| | (MBbls) | (MMcf) | | (MBbls) | (MMcf) |
Proved developed reserves: | | | | | | |
Beginning of year | | 102 | 413 | | 115 | 504 |
Revision of estimates | | 11 | 40 | | (6) | (53) |
Production | | (5) | (30) | | (7) | (38) |
| | | | | | |
End of year | | 108 | 423 | | 102 | 413 |
| | | | | | |
Proved developed reserves: | | | | | | |
Beginning of year | | 102 | 413 | | 115 | 504 |
| | | | | | |
End of year | | 108 | 423 | | 102 | 413 |
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Oil and Natural Gas Reserves
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relating to oil and natural gas reserves and associated changes in standard measure amounts were prepared in accordance with the provision of Financial Accounting Standard Board ASC 932-235-555. Future cash inflows were computed by applying average prices of oil and natural gas for the last 12 months to estimated future production. Future production and development costs were computed by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in developing the oil and natural gas reserves at the end of the year, based on year end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic conditions. Future net cash flows are discounted at the rate of 10% annually to derive the standardized measure of discounted cash flows. Actual future cash inflows may vary considerably, and the standardized measure does not necessarily represent the fair value of the Properties' oil and natural gas reserves. Standard measure amounts are:
| | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| | | | | | |
Future cash inflows | | $ | 6,758,873 | | | $ | 5,256,570 | |
Future production costs | | | (3,912,025 | ) | | | (3,266,275 | ) |
Future development costs | | | (105,420 | ) | | | (105,420 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Future net cash flows | | | 2,741,428 | | | | 1,884,875 | |
10% annual discount for timing of cash flows | | | (1,438,776 | ) | | | (895,806 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Standardized Measure | | $ | 1,302,652 | | | $ | 989,069 | |
The 12-month average prices were adjusted to reflect applicable transportation and quality differentials on a well-by-well basis to arrive at realized sales prices used to estimate the Properties' reserves. The prices for the Properties' reserves were as follows:
| | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| | | | | | |
Representative NYMEX prices: | | | | | | |
Natural gas (MMBtu) | | $ | 2.79 | | | $ | 2.23 | |
Oil (Bbl) | | $ | 51.87 | | | $ | 42.42 | |
Changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows at 10% per annum are as follows:
| | 2017 | | | 2016 | |
| | | | | | |
Standardized measure – beginning of year | | $ | 989,069 | | | $ | 1,497,556 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Sales of oil and gas production | | | (353,176 | ) | | | (355,722 | ) |
Production cost, oil and gas produced | | | 323,286 | | | | 397,905 | |
Changes in price and production costs | | | 180,147 | | | | (570,182 | ) |
Accretion of discount | | | 98,907 | | | | 149,756 | |
Revision of quantity estimates | | | 129,713 | | | | (90,387 | ) |
Timing and other | | | (65,294 | ) | | | (39,857 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Change in standardized measure | | | 313,583 | | | | (508,487 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Standardized measure – end of year | | $ | 1,302,652 | | | $ | 989,069 | |
Estimates of economically recoverable natural gas and oil reserves and of future net revenues are based upon a number of variable factors and assumptions, all of which are to some degree subjective and may vary considerably from actual results. Therefore, actual production, revenues, development and operating expenditures may not occur as estimated. The reserve data are estimates only, are subject to many uncertainties, and are based on data gained from production histories and on assumptions as to geologic formations and other matters. Actual quantities of natural gas and oil may differ materially from the amounts estimated.