Exhibit 99.1
Independent Auditors’ Report
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of FD International (Holdings) Limited:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of FD International (Holdings) Limited and its subsidiaries (“the Group”) as of 31 December 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated profit and loss accounts, consolidated cash flow statements, consolidated statements of total recognised gains and losses and the related notes for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Group’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those Standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Group as of 31 December 2005 and 2004, and of the results of its operations and its cash flows for the two years then ended in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United Kingdom.
Accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in the Note 25 to the consolidated financial statements.
| | |
KPMG LLP London, United Kingdom | | |
Chartered Accountants December 14, 2006 | | |
1
FD International (Holdings) Limited Financial Statements
Consolidated profit and loss accounts
for the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Notes | | Existing operations | | | Acquisitions | | | Continuing Operations 2005 | | | Continuing Operations 2004 | |
| | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Turnover: group and share of joint ventures | | | | 50,842 | | | 1,156 | | | 51,998 | | | 38,469 | |
Less: share of joint venture’s turnover | | | | (763 | ) | | — | | | (763 | ) | | (611 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Group turnover | | 2 | | 50,079 | | | 1,156 | | | 51,235 | | | 37,858 | |
Cost of sales | | | | (5,893 | ) | | — | | | (5,893 | ) | | (4,501 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | | 44,186 | | | 1,156 | | | 45,342 | | | 33,357 | |
| | | | | |
Administrative expenses | | | | (37,086 | ) | | (859 | ) | | (37,945 | ) | | (29,825 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating profit | | | | 7,100 | | | 297 | | | 7,397 | | | 3,532 | |
Share of operating profit in joint venture | | | | 254 | | | — | | | 254 | | | 127 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating profit | | | | 7,354 | | | 297 | | | 7,651 | | | 3,659 | |
| | | | | |
Profit/(loss) on sale of fixed assets | | | | | | | | | | 29 | | | (5 | ) |
Interest receivable and similar income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Group | | 6 | | | | | | | | 25 | | | 136 | |
Joint venture | | | | | | | | | | — | | | 1 | |
Interest payable and similar charges | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Group | | 7 | | | | | | | | (2,576 | ) | | (2,255 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation | | 3 | | | | | | | | 5,129 | | | 1,536 | |
Tax on profit on ordinary activities | | 8 | | | | | | | | (2,030 | ) | | (637 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Retained profit for the year for group and its share of associates and joint ventures | | | | | | | | | | 3,099 | | | 899 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Notes 1 to 25 are an integral part of these financial statements.
2
FD International (Holdings) Limited Financial Statements
Consolidated balance sheets
at 31 December 2005 and 2004
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 2005 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2004 | |
| | Notes | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Fixed assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Intangible assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | 9 | | | | | 35,956 | | | | | | 20,995 | |
| | | | | |
Tangible assets | | 10 | | | | | 3,003 | | | | | | 2,626 | |
Investments | | 11 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in joint venture | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | 293 | | | | | | 310 | | | | |
Share of gross assets | | | | 324 | | | | | | 271 | | | | |
Share of gross liabilities | | | | (97 | ) | | | | | (102 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 520 | | | | | | 479 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 39,479 | | | | | | 24,100 | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Work in progress | | | | 539 | | | | | | 381 | | | | |
Debtors | | 12 | | 12,953 | | | | | | 8,520 | | | | |
Cash at bank and in hand | | | | 11,231 | | | | | | 4,730 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 24,723 | | | | | | 13,631 | | | | |
| | | | | |
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year | | 13 | | (19,862 | ) | | | | | (8,178 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net current assets | | | | | | | 4,861 | | | | | | 5,453 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Total assets less current liabilities | | | | | | | 44,340 | | | | | | 29,553 | |
| | | | | |
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year (including convertible debt) | | 14 | | | | | (36,514 | ) | | | | | (25,733 | ) |
| | | | | |
Provisions for liabilities and charges | | 15 | | | | | — | | | | | | (239 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net assets | | | | | | | 7,826 | | | | | | 3,581 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital and reserves | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Called up share capital | | 16 | | | | | 421 | | | | | | 351 | |
Share premium account | | 17 | | | | | 3,844 | | | | | | 2,986 | |
Profit and loss account | | 17 | | | | | 3,561 | | | | | | 244 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity shareholders’ funds | | | | | | | 7,826 | | | | | | 3,581 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Notes 1 to 25 are an integral part of these financial statements.
3
FD International (Holdings) Limited Financial Statements
Consolidated cash flow statements
for the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | Notes | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Cash inflow from operating activities | | 20 | | 10,167 | | | 4,618 | |
Dividends from joint venture | | 11 | | 97 | | | — | |
Returns on investments and servicing of finance | | 21 | | (598 | ) | | (555 | ) |
Taxation | | 21 | | (1,186 | ) | | (909 | ) |
Capital expenditure and financial investment | | 21 | | (1,028 | ) | | (1,038 | ) |
Acquisitions and disposals | | 21 | | (10,623 | ) | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash (outflow)/inflow before financing | | | | (3,171 | ) | | 2,116 | |
Financing | | 21 | | 9,153 | | | (1,515 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Increase in cash in the year | | | | 5,982 | | | 601 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net debt | | 22 | | | | | | |
Increase in cash in the year | | | | 5,982 | | | 601 | |
Net cash acquired with subsidiaries | | 21 | | 519 | | | — | |
Cash (inflow)/outflow from increase in debt and lease financing | | | | (8,371 | ) | | 1,670 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Change in net debt resulting from cash flows | | | | (1,870 | ) | | 2,271 | |
Issue of loan notes | | 14 | | (2,265 | ) | | — | |
Exchange movements on loans | | 22 | | (116 | ) | | 15 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Movement in net debt in the year | | | | (4,251 | ) | | 2,286 | |
Net debt at the start of the year | | 22 | | (20,968 | ) | | (23,254 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net debt at the end of the year | | 22 | | (25,219 | ) | | (20,968 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Notes 1 to 25 are an integral part of these financial statements.
4
FD International (Holdings) Limited Financial Statements
Consolidated statements of total recognised gains and losses
for the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004
| | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | |
Profit for the financial year | | | | | |
Group | | 2,961 | | 822 | |
Share of joint venture (note 11) | | 138 | | 77 | |
Exchange differences on the retranslation of net investments and related borrowings | | 218 | | (66 | ) |
| | | | | |
Total recognised gains relating to the financial year | | 3,317 | | 833 | |
| | | | | |
Reconciliations of movements in shareholders’ funds
for the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004
| | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | |
Profit for the financial year | | 3,099 | | 899 | |
Other recognised gains/(losses) relating to the year (net) | | 218 | | (66 | ) |
New share capital subscribed (net of issue costs) | | 928 | | 155 | |
| | | | | |
Net addition to shareholders’ funds | | 4,245 | | 988 | |
Opening shareholders’ funds | | 3,581 | | 2,593 | |
| | | | | |
Closing shareholders’ funds | | 7,826 | | 3,581 | |
| | | | | |
Notes 1 to 25 are an integral part of these financial statements.
5
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements
1 Accounting policies
The following accounting policies have been applied consistently in dealing with items which are considered material in relation to the Group’s financial statements.
Basis of preparation
The information set out in these financial statements does not constitute the Group’s statutory accounts for the years ended 31 December 2005 or 2004. Those accounts have been reported on by the Group’s auditors; their reports were unqualified and did not contain a statement under section 237(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 1985. The financial statements for the years ended 2005 and 2004 have been delivered to the registrar of companies.
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Group made up to 31 December 2005. The acquisition method of accounting has been adopted. Under this method, the results of subsidiary undertakings acquired or disposed of in the period are included in the consolidated profit and loss account from the date of acquisition or up to the date of disposal.
Acquisitions during the year represent the results of LLM Communications Ltd for the five months from acquisition to 31 December 2005.
The results of the Tamesis Partnership and Westhill Partners are included in existing operations as their trade is no longer separately identifiable following full integration within the operations of the acquiring entity on the date of acquisition. Turnover generated from Westhill Partners in the year was approximately £0.8 million and from the Tamesis Partnership approximately £2.6 million.
The results of Dittus Communications Inc. in the period from date of acquisition (23 December 2005) to 31 December 2005 are immaterial to the Group and have not been included in the consolidated results.
A joint venture is an undertaking in which the Group has a long-term interest and over which it exercises joint control. The Group’s share of the profits less losses of associates and of joint ventures is included in the consolidated profit and loss account and its interest in their net assets, is included in investments in the consolidated balance sheet.
Goodwill
Purchased goodwill (representing the excess of the fair value of the consideration given over the fair value of the separable net assets acquired) arising on business combinations in respect of acquisitions is capitalised. Positive goodwill is amortised to nil by equal annual instalments over its estimated useful life being 20 years. Any impairment charge is included within operating profits.
On the subsequent disposal or termination, the profit or loss on disposal or termination is calculated after charging the unamortised amount of any related goodwill.
Tangible fixed assets and depreciation
Depreciation is provided to write off the cost of tangible fixed assets by equal instalments over their estimated useful economic lives as follows:
| | | | |
Leasehold improvements | | - | | life of lease |
Furniture and equipment, computer equipment | | - | | 15-33% per annum on a straight line basis |
Motor vehicles | | - | | 25% per annum on a straight line basis |
6
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
Foreign currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded using the rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date and the gains or losses on translation are included in the profit and loss account.
The assets and liabilities of overseas subsidiary undertakings and associated undertakings are translated at the closing exchange rates. Profit and loss accounts of such undertakings are consolidated at the average rates of exchange during the year. Gains and losses arising on these translations are taken to the reserves, net of exchange differences arising on related foreign currency borrowings.
Leases
Assets acquired under finance leases are capitalised and the outstanding future lease obligations are shown in creditors. Operating lease rentals are charged to the profit and loss account on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.
Post retirement benefits
The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Group in an independently administered fund. The amount charged to the profit and loss account represents the contributions payable to the scheme in respect of the accounting period.
Taxation
The charge for taxation is based on the profit for the year and takes into account taxation deferred because of timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting purposes.
Deferred tax is recognised, without discounting, in respect of all timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting purposes which have arisen but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except as otherwise required by FRS 19.
Turnover
Turnover comprises the gross amounts billed to clients in respect of fee based income together with the total of other fees earned. Turnover is stated exclusive of VAT.
Turnover is derived from fees for services performed which are specific to the contract with the client. In such cases, turnover is recognised when the service has been performed, in accordance with the contractual arrangements and the stage of completion of the work.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales comprises the costs incurred directly from the principal activity of the Group. Cost of sales is stated exclusive of VAT. To enact this policy a reclassification of costs has been necessary in the 2004 comparatives.
2 Turnover
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
By geographical market | | | | |
UK | | 32,493 | | 20,662 |
Europe | | 3,437 | | 6,757 |
Rest of the world | | 15,305 | | 10,439 |
| | | | |
| | 51,235 | | 37,858 |
| | | | |
7
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
Turnover is attributable to the principal activity of providing Financial, Consumer and Corporate Public Relations services.
3 Profit on ordinary activities before taxation
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation is stated after charging:
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Auditor’s remuneration | | | | |
Group audit | | 85 | | 100 |
Other services | | 20 | | 114 |
Depreciation of fixed assets | | 825 | | 792 |
Amortisation of goodwill | | 1,451 | | 1,099 |
Hire of plant and machinery rentals payable under operating leases | | 105 | | 12 |
Land and buildings – operating leases | | 1,623 | | 1,374 |
| | | | |
4 Remuneration of directors
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Directors’ emoluments | | 913 | | 650 |
Company contributions to personal pension schemes | | 61 | | 62 |
| | | | |
| | 974 | | 712 |
| | | | |
The emoluments of the highest paid director were £467,713 (2004:£422,000) and company pension contributions of £37,387 (2004:£43,800) were made to the director’s personal pension scheme on their behalf.
Contributions to the personal pension schemes were made for 2 directors.
5 Staff numbers and costs
The average number of persons employed by the Group (including directors) during the year, analysed by category, was as follows:
| | | | |
| | Number of employees |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
Administration | | 53 | | 45 |
Account Handling | | 297 | | 237 |
| | | | |
| | 350 | | 282 |
| | | | |
The aggregate payroll costs of these persons were as follows:
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Wages and salaries | | 24,209 | | 18,269 |
Social security costs | | 2,423 | | 1,989 |
Other pension costs | | 1,227 | | 970 |
| | | | |
| | 27,859 | | 21,228 |
| | | | |
8
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
6 Other interest receivable and similar income
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Interest receivable | | 25 | | 136 |
| | | | |
| | 25 | | 136 |
| | | | |
7 Interest payable and similar charges
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
On bank loans and overdrafts | | 623 | | 588 |
Amortisation of finance fees | | 135 | | 106 |
On preferred finance securities | | 1,818 | | 1,561 |
| | | | |
| | 2,576 | | 2,255 |
| | | | |
8 Taxation
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
UK corporation tax | | | | | | |
Current tax on income for the year | | 1,251 | | | 551 | |
Prior year adjustment | | 29 | | | — | |
Foreign tax | | | | | | |
Current tax on income for the year | | 1,058 | | | 422 | |
Share of joint venture’s current tax | | 116 | | | 67 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current tax charge | | 2,454 | | | 1,040 | |
Deferred tax | | | | | | |
Adjustments in respect of prior years | | — | | | (4 | ) |
UK deferred tax | | (73 | ) | | (5 | ) |
Overseas deferred tax | | (351 | ) | | (394 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total tax charge | | 2,030 | | | 637 | |
| | | | | | |
Factors affecting the tax charge for the current year
The current tax charge for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK (30%) (2004:30%). The differences are explained below.
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Current tax reconciliation | | | | | | |
Profit on ordinary activities before tax | | 5,129 | | | 1,536 | |
| | | | | | |
Current tax at 30% | | 1,538 | | | 461 | |
| | |
Effects of: | | | | | | |
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes (including goodwill amortisation) | | 645 | | | 540 | |
Capital allowances in (surplus)/excess of depreciation | | 22 | | | (15 | ) |
Utilisation of available losses | | (102 | ) | | (207 | ) |
Short term timing differences | | 127 | | | 19 | |
Higher tax rates on overseas earnings | | 194 | | | 188 | |
Prior year adjustment | | 29 | | | — | |
Permanent differences | | — | | | 54 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current tax charge (see above) | | 2,454 | | | 1,040 | |
| | | | | | |
9
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
9 Intangible fixed assets—Goodwill
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Cost | | | | |
At 1 January 2005 | | 22,562 | | 22,451 |
Additions | | 16,412 | | — |
Fair value adjustment | | — | | 111 |
| | | | |
At 31 December 2005 | | 38,974 | | 22,562 |
| | | | |
Amortisation | | | | |
At 1 January 2005 | | 1,567 | | 468 |
Charge for the year | | 1,451 | | 1,099 |
| | | | |
At 31 December 2005 | | 3,018 | | 1,567 |
| | | | |
Net book value at 31 December | | 35,956 | | 20,995 |
| | | | |
The adjustment to provisional fair values in the prior year relates to an additional provision on rental deposits.
10 Tangible fixed assets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Leasehold improvements | | Motor vehicles | | | Computer equipment | | | Furniture and equipment | | | Total | |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Cost | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 1 January 2005 | | 1,330 | | 353 | | | 854 | | | 541 | | | 3,078 | |
Additions | | 433 | | 44 | | | 412 | | | 187 | | | 1,076 | |
On acquisition (note 24) | | — | | — | | | — | | | 119 | | | 119 | |
Disposals | | — | | (102 | ) | | (22 | ) | | (161 | ) | | (285 | ) |
Exchange movements | | 86 | | — | | | 95 | | | (73 | ) | | 108 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 31 December 2005 | | 1,849 | | 295 | | | 1,339 | | | 613 | | | 4,096 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 1 January 2005 | | 98 | | 51 | | | 135 | | | 168 | | | 452 | |
Charge for year | | 206 | | 109 | | | 208 | | | 302 | | | 825 | |
On disposals | | — | | (94 | ) | | (13 | ) | | (160 | ) | | (267 | ) |
Exchange movements | | 42 | | — | | | 72 | | | (31 | ) | | 83 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 31 December 2005 | | 346 | | 66 | | | 402 | | | 279 | | | 1,093 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net book value | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 31 December 2005 | | 1,503 | | 229 | | | 937 | | | 334 | | | 3,003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At 31 December 2004 | | 1,232 | | 302 | | | 719 | | | 373 | | | 2,626 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
10
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
11 Fixed asset investments
| | | | | |
| | | | | Interests in Joint Ventures 2005 |
| | | | | £’000 |
At beginning of the year | | | | | 479 |
Share of operating profit in joint venture | | 254 | | | |
Share of joint venture’s current tax | | (116 | ) | | |
Dividend received | | (97 | ) | | |
| | | | | |
Share of joint venture’s profit for financial year | | | | | 41 |
| | | | | |
At end of the year | | | | | 520 |
| | | | | |
The principal undertakings in which the ultimate parent company’s interest at the year end is more than 20% are as follows:
| | | | | | |
Subsidiary undertakings | | Country of incorporation | | Principal activity | | Class and percentage of shares held |
FD International 2 Ltd | | England and Wales | | Holding company | | Ordinary shares–100% |
FD International 3 Ltd | | England and Wales | | Holding company | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
FD International 4 Ltd | | England and Wales | | Holding company | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Financial Dynamics Ltd | | England and Wales | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
85 Four Ltd | | England and Wales | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Financial Dynamics Ireland Ltd | | Republic of Ireland | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
FD MWA Holdings, Inc. | | United States | | Holding company | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Dittus Communications, Inc. | | United States | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
FD US Communications, Inc. | | United Sates | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Financial Dynamics S.A. | | France | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
LLM Communications Ltd | | England and Wales | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Financial Dynamics Asia Ltd | | Hong Kong | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%* |
Financial Dynamics Russia Ltd | | England and Wales | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–100%*^ |
| | | |
Joint venture | | | | | | |
Ahrens & Bimboese Financial Dynamics GmBH | | Germany | | Public relations | | Ordinary shares–50%* |
^ | Country of operation is Russia |
11
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
12 Debtors
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Trade debtors | | 9,118 | | 6,327 |
Prepayments and accrued income | | 1,483 | | 607 |
Other debtors | | 1,375 | | 1,033 |
Deferred tax assets | | 977 | | 553 |
| | | | |
| | 12,953 | | 8,520 |
| | | | |
The elements of deferred taxation are:
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Prior year adjustment | | — | | 4 |
Other timing differences | | 424 | | 399 |
| | | | |
Credit to profit and loss account (note 8) | | 424 | | 403 |
Deferred tax assets at start of year | | 553 | | 150 |
| | | | |
Deferred tax assets at end of year | | 977 | | 553 |
| | | | |
13 Creditors: amount falling due within one year
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Bank loans (note 14) | | 3,228 | | | 1,304 | |
Deferred finance fees (note 14) | | (160 | ) | | (160 | ) |
Amounts owed to Group undertakings | | — | | | — | |
Trade creditors | | 1,995 | | | 1,182 | |
Taxation and social security | | 2,951 | | | 899 | |
Other creditors | | 5,056 | | | 104 | |
Accruals and deferred income | | 6,792 | | | 4,849 | |
| | | | | | |
| | 19,862 | | | 8,178 | |
| | | | | | |
14 Creditors: amount falling due after more than one year (including convertible debt)
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Bank loans | | 12,435 | | | 5,872 | |
Deferred finance fees | | (699 | ) | | (834 | ) |
Preferred finance securities | | 16,336 | | | 16,336 | |
Loan notes | | 4,451 | | | 2,186 | |
Accrued interest | | 3,991 | | | 2,173 | |
| | | | | | |
| | 36,514 | | | 25,733 | |
| | | | | | |
The Preferred Finance Securities (‘PFS’) are redeemable on 24 July 2018 in cash or at the option of FD International 2 Limited, by allotment of preference shares in FD International 3 Ltd. If the Group is privately or publicly sold, the PFS will be redeemed for cash. On insolvency of the Group the PFS is redeemable for preference shares in FD International 3 Limited. PFS accrues interest at 8% p.a. The rights of the holders of the PFS are intended to be identical to the rights of the loan note holders.
12
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
The original issue of loan notes (£2,185,431) is unsecured and redeemable at the earlier of 24 July 2018 or the sale of the ultimate parent company’s shares in public or private offering. Interest is accrued at a rate of 8% per annum. Early repayment is permitted but is subject to the same proportion of the PFS being redeemed at the same time.
In 2005, additional loan notes were issued of £2,265,911. £880,000 were issued in relation to the purchase of the Tamesis Partnership and £1,320,000 in relation to the purchase of LLM (Holdings) Limited. Further loan notes were issued of £65,911 as part of the normal course of business. The terms of these issues are as those of the original issue.
The principal amount of the Term A bank loan is £8,062,000 which is repayable in instalments over a period of 7 years to 2010.
The principal amount of the US Dollar Term A bank loan was US$1,500,000 which was repayable in instalments over a period of 7 years to 2010. In 2004 an amount of US$830,769 (including accrued interest) was repaid leaving a principal amount to be paid over the remaining period of US$669,231.
During the year, further bank loans were drawn of £4,600,000 and US$9,100,000 they are repayable by instalments over the remaining period of the original term loans.
All bank loans are secured by a debenture creating fixed and floating charges over the assets of the Group.
Historic deferred finance fees of £630,919 are amortised on a straight line basis over the term of the PFS period, being 15 years to 2018.
Historic deferred finance fees of £406,327 are amortised on a straight line basis over the period of the Term A Loan, being 7 years to 2010.
Historic deferred finance fees of US$141,550 are amortised on a straight line basis over the period of the US Dollar Term Loan, being 7 years to 2010.
Analysis of debt:
| | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 |
Debt can be analysed as falling due: | | | | |
Within one year | | 3,068 | | 1,144 |
In one to five years | | 12,435 | | 4,577 |
In five years or more | | 24,079 | | 21,156 |
| | | | |
| | 39,582 | | 26,877 |
| | | | |
15 Provisions for liabilities and charges
| | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 |
As at beginning of year | | 239 | | | — |
Arising in year | | — | | | 239 |
Provision utilised in year | | (239 | ) | | |
| | | | | |
As at end of year | | — | | | 239 |
| | | | | |
This provision related to a litigation claim.
13
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
16 Called up share capital
| | | | | | |
| | | | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | | | £’000 | | £’000 |
Authorised | | | | | | |
Equity: | | 2,704,055 (2004: 2,614,055) ordinary A shares of 10p each | | 271 | | 261 |
| | 1,500,000 (2004: 1,500,000) ordinary B shares of 10p each | | 150 | | 150 |
| | 1,000,000 (2004: 1,000,000) ordinary C shares of 10p each | | 100 | | 100 |
| | | | | | |
| | | | 521 | | 511 |
| | | | | | |
Allotted, called up and fully paid | | | | |
Equity: | | 2,704,055 (2004: 2,554,055) ordinary A shares of 10p each | | 271 | | 256 |
| | 1,421,167 (2004: 951,304) ordinary B shares of 10p each | | 142 | | 95 |
| | 83,143 (2004: nil) ordinary C Shares of 10p each | | 8 | | — |
| | | | | | |
| | | | 421 | | 351 |
| | | | | | |
By special resolution passed on 30 June 2005 the authorised share capital of the ultimate parent company was increased by 90,000 A ordinary shares with a nominal value of £0.10 each.
A comparison of the principal rights of each class of share is set out below:
| 1. | the A, B and C shares all rank pari passu in respect of income; |
| 2. | on liquidation or a capital reduction of the company payment is made first to the A shareholders, then to the B shareholders and finally to the C shareholders. Any balance to then be distributed evenly pro rata between all the shareholders as if they were members of a single class; |
| 3. | on a poll the A shareholders shall be entitled to cast 9,300 votes irrespective of the number of shares in issue and all these votes are deemed to be cast in the same way as that cast by the majority. The B and C shareholders together are entitled to cast 700 votes. |
17 Share premium and reserves
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Share premium account | | Profit and loss account | |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | | £’000 | | £’000 | |
At start of year | | 2,986 | | 2,844 | | 244 | | (589 | ) |
Retained profit for the year | | — | | — | | 3,099 | | 899 | |
Premium on share issues, less expenses | | 858 | | 142 | | — | | — | |
Gain/(loss) on translation of foreign subsidiaries | | — | | — | | 218 | | (66 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
At end of year | | 3,844 | | 2,986 | | 3,561 | | 244 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
18 Commitments
Annual commitments under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Land & Buildings | | Other |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | | £’000 | | £’000 |
Operating leases which expire: | | | | | | | | |
Within one year | | 69 | | 264 | | 9 | | — |
In the second to fifth years inclusive | | 286 | | 338 | | 43 | | 12 |
Over five years | | 1,784 | | 1,131 | | — | | — |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2,139 | | 1,733 | | 52 | | 12 |
| | | | | | | | |
14
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
19 Pension scheme
The Group operates several defined contribution pension schemes.
There were no outstanding or prepaid contributions either at the beginning or end of the financial year.
20 Reconciliation of operating profit to operating cash flows
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Total operating profit | | 7,397 | | | 3,516 | |
Amortisation of goodwill | | 1,451 | | | 1,099 | |
Depreciation | | 825 | | | 792 | |
Amortisation of finance fees | | 135 | | | 82 | |
(Increase) in work in progress | | (158 | ) | | (126 | ) |
(Increase) in debtors | | (2,130 | ) | | (1,702 | ) |
Increase in creditors | | 2,886 | | | 718 | |
(Decrease)/Increase in provisions | | (239 | ) | | 239 | |
| | | | | | |
Net cash inflow from operating activities | | 10,167 | | | 4,618 | |
| | | | | | |
21 Analysis of cash flows
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Returns on investment and servicing of finance | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest paid | | (623 | ) | | | | | (692 | ) | | | |
Net interest received | | 25 | | | | | | 137 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (598 | ) | | | | | (555 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax paid | | (1,186 | ) | | | | | (909 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (1,186 | ) | | | | | (909 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital expenditure and financial investment | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of tangible fixed assets | | (1,075 | ) | | | | | (1,131 | ) | | | |
Sale of plant and machinery | | 47 | | | | | | 93 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (1,028 | ) | | | | | (1,038 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisitions and disposals | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of subsidiary undertaking | | (11,141 | ) | | | | | — | | | | |
Net cash acquired with subsidiary | | 518 | | | | | | — | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (10,623 | ) | | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financing | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Issue of ordinary share capital (net of equity issue costs) | | 782 | | | | | | 155 | | | | |
New bank loans | | 9,787 | | | | | | — | | | | |
Repayment of loans | | (1,416 | ) | | | | | (1,679 | ) | | | |
Issue of loan notes and finance securities | | — | | | | | | 12 | | | | |
Capital element of finance lease rental payments | | — | | | | | | (3 | ) | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 9,153 | | | | | | (1,515 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
15
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
22 Analysis of net debt
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | At start of year | | | Cash flow | | | Other | | | At end of year | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Cash in hand and at bank | | 4,730 | | | 5,982 | | | 519 | | | 11,231 | |
Overdrafts | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 4,730 | | | 5,982 | | | 519 | | | 11,231 | |
Bank loan due in one year | | (1,304 | ) | | (1,924 | ) | | — | | | (3,228 | ) |
Debt due after one year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bank loan | | (5,872 | ) | | (6,447 | ) | | (116 | ) | | (12,435 | ) |
Preferred finance securities | | (16,336 | ) | | — | | | — | | | (16,336 | ) |
Loan notes | | (2,186 | ) | | — | | | (2,265 | ) | | (4,451 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | (20,968 | ) | | (2,389 | ) | | (1,862 | ) | | (25,219 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
23 Related party disclosures
The Group has taken advantage of the exemption under the Financial Reporting Standard 8—Related Party Disclosures (FRS 8) not to disclose related party transactions between wholly owned Group undertakings.
24 Acquisitions
The Group acquired the trade and net assets of the Tamesis Partnership on the 31 January 2005 for a consideration of £3,272,000 before acquisition costs. The fair value table is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Book value prior to acquisition | | | Fair value adjustment | | | Fair value | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Fixed assets | | 83 | | | (83 | ) | | — | |
Debtors | | 530 | | | (29 | ) | | 501 | |
Cash | | 102 | | | — | | | 102 | |
Creditors | | (495 | ) | | (195 | ) | | (690 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net assets/(liabilities) acquired | | 220 | | | (307 | ) | | (87 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | | | | | 3,521 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Consideration | | | | | | | | 3,434 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Consideration satisfied by: | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | | | | 2,332 | |
Share Capital | | | | | | | | 60 | |
Loan notes (see note 14) | | | | | | | | 880 | |
Acquisition costs | | | | | | | | 162 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | 3,434 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The acquisition of the trade and assets of Tamesis Partnership was made by Financial Dynamics Ltd.
The trade of the Tamesis Partnership has been fully integrated within Financial Dynamics Ltd and therefore is not separately identifiable from the date of acquisition.
16
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
The fair value adjustments represent the director’s valuation of the assets/(liabilities) at the date of acquisition, this includes the write off of old fixed assets. The adjustment to debtors represents a review of the bad debts position and the fair value adjustment to creditors represents a provision for the fair value of an acquired lease at the acquisition date.
The acquired undertaking made a profit of £362,000 from the beginning of its financial year to the date of acquisition. In its previous financial year the profit was £550,000.
The Group acquired LLM Holdings Ltd on the 22nd July 2005 for a consideration of £5,008,000 before acquisition costs. The fair value table is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Book value prior to acquisition | | | Fair value adjustment | | | Fair value | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | | | £’000 | |
Goodwill | | 1,767 | | | (1,767 | ) | | — | |
Fixed assets | | 24 | | | (24 | ) | | — | |
Debtors | | 847 | | | — | | | 847 | |
Cash | | 123 | | | — | | | 123 | |
Creditors | | (854 | ) | | (25 | ) | | (879 | ) |
Deferred consideration | | (50 | ) | | — | | | (50 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | 1,857 | | | (1,816 | ) | | 41 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | | | | | 5,092 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Consideration | | | | | | | | 5,133 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Consideration satisfied by: | | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | | | | 2,600 | |
Share Capital | | | | | | | | 88 | |
Loan notes (see note 14) | | | | | | | | 1,320 | |
Deferred consideration | | | | | | | | 1,000 | |
Acquisition costs | | | | | | | | 125 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | 5,133 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The Investment in LLM Holdings Ltd is held by FD International 4 Ltd.
The book value of the assets and liabilities have been taken from the management accounts of LLM Holdings Ltd as of 22nd July 2005 (being the date of acquisition).
From the date of acquisition to 31st December 2005, the acquisition contributed £1,156,000 to turnover and £297,000 profit to profit before tax and interest.
The fair value adjustments represent the director’s valuation of the assets/(liabilities) at the date of acquisition, this includes the write off of old fixed assets. The fair value adjustment to creditors represents a previously unaccrued liability.
Deferred consideration will be paid, in cash, one year after the completion date.
The acquired undertaking made a profit of £549,000 from the beginning of its financial year to the date of acquisition. In its previous financial year the profit was £757,000.
17
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
The Group acquired Dittus Communications Inc on 23rd December 2005 for a consideration of £5,378,000 before acquisition costs. The fair value table is presented below:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Book value prior to acquisition | | | Fair value adjustment | | Fair value | |
| | £’000 | | | £’000 | | £’000 | |
Fixed assets | | 52 | | | — | | 52 | |
Debtors | | 1,464 | | | — | | 1,464 | |
Cash | | 294 | | | — | | 294 | |
Creditors | | (1,010 | ) | | — | | (1,010 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | 800 | | | — | | 800 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | | | | 4,903 | |
Consideration | | | | | | | 5,703 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Consideration satisfied by: | | | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | | | 2,607 | |
Share Capital | | | | | | | 143 | |
Deferred consideration | | | | | | | 2,628 | |
Acquisition costs | | | | | | | 325 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 5,703 | |
| | | | | | | | |
In 2005, £2,607,184 was paid in cash for this acquisition, a further £1,300,000 of cash consideration and £1,328,000 of loan notes is payable over a period of 3 years to 2008 based on an earn-out clause relating to EBITA.
The Investment in Dittus Communications Inc is held by FD MWA Holdings Inc.
The post acquisition results of Dittus Communications, Inc. are not material to the Group and have not been included in the consolidated profit and loss statement.
The acquired undertaking made a profit of £1,335,000 from the beginning of its financial year to the date of acquisition. In its previous financial year the profit was £357,000.
The Group acquired the trade and net assets of Westhill Partners on the 17th August 2005 for a consideration of £2,670,000 before acquisition costs. The fair value table is presented below:
| | | | | | |
| | Book value prior to acquisition | | Fair value adjustment | | Fair value |
| | £’000 | | £’000 | | £’000 |
Fixed assets | | 82 | | — | | 82 |
Debtors | | 14 | | — | | 14 |
| | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | 96 | | — | | 96 |
| | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | | | | 2,894 |
| | | | | | |
Consideration | | | | | | 2,990 |
| | | | | | |
Consideration satisfied by: | | | | | | |
Cash | | | | | | 2,787 |
Acquisition costs | | | | | | 203 |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | 2,990 |
| | | | | | |
18
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
The acquisition of the trade and net assets of Westhill Partners was made by FD US Communications Inc.
The trade of the entity has been fully integrated within FD US Communications Inc and therefore is not separately identifiable from the date of acquisition.
The acquired undertaking made a profit of £297,000 from the beginning of its financial year to the date of acquisition. In its previous financial year the profit was £527,000.
25 Summary of differences between accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom and the United States of America
The Group’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom (‘UK GAAP’), which differs in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (‘US GAAP’). Reconciliations of profit after taxation (or net income) and equity shareholders’ funds (or shareholders’ equity) under UK GAAP and those under US GAAP are set out below.
Effect on net income of differences between UK and US GAAP
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | For the year ended 31 December | |
| | Note | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | £’000s | | | £’000s | |
Net income in accordance with UK GAAP | | | | | 3,099 | | | 899 | |
US GAAP adjustments: | | | | | | | | | |
- Goodwill | | (i | ) | | 1,451 | | | 1,099 | |
- Business combinations | | (ii | ) | | (1,263 | ) | | (1,160 | ) |
- Contingent consideration | | (iii | ) | | (748 | ) | | — | |
- Deferred Taxes | | (iv | ) | | 612 | | | 348 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income in accordance with US GAAP | | | | | 3,151 | | | 1,186 | |
Cumulative effect on shareholders’ equity of differences between UK and US GAAP
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | At 31 December | |
| | Note | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | £’000s | | | £’000s | |
Shareholders’ equity in accordance with UK GAAP | | | | | 7,826 | | | 3,581 | |
US GAAP adjustments: | | | | | | | | | |
- Goodwill | | (i | ) | | 3,018 | | | 1,567 | |
- Business combinations | | (ii | ) | | (3,036 | ) | | (1,725 | ) |
- Contingent consideration | | (iii | ) | | (748 | ) | | — | |
- Deferred Taxes | | (iv | ) | | 1,236 | | | 518 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shareholders’ equity in accordance with US GAAP | | | | | 8,296 | | | 3,940 | |
Under UK GAAP, goodwill arising on acquisitions after 1 April 1998 is accounted for in accordance with FRS 10, ‘Goodwill and Intangible Assets’, and capitalised and amortised. Where capitalised goodwill is regarded as having a limited useful economic life, FRS 10 requires the cost to be amortised on a straight-line basis over that life, which generally does not exceed 20 years.
Under US GAAP, the Group has adopted SFAS 142, ‘Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets’ under which it is no longer required to amortise goodwill but is required to subject these assets to at least annual testing for impairment. As a result of these impairment tests, no impairment charge was recorded in the year ended 31 December 2005 (2004 :£nil).
19
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
Goodwill amortisation under UK GAAP in the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004 was £1.5m and £1.1m respectively. Under US GAAP, goodwill amortisation was £nil in the years ended 31 December 2005 and 2004.
For business combinations, the purchase method of accounting is used for UK GAAP whereby the acquiring entity allocates consideration for the transaction to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition with the differences treated as goodwill. The Group accounts for these business combinations on a consistent basis under US GAAP with the following exceptions:
Under UK GAAP, the Group recognises intangible assets separately in a business combination only when they can be disposed of separately without disposing of the business of the entity. Under US GAAP, the Group recognises acquired intangible assets apart from goodwill if they arise from contractual or other legal rights even if the assets are not transferable or separable from the acquired entity or from other rights and obligations. In connection with the acquisition of FD International, occurring in the year ended 31 December 2003, the Group recognised intangible assets of £7.1m under US GAAP, comprising customer relationships, trademarks and non-compete contracts which are amortised over the their estimated useful lives of 1 to 8 years. In connection with the further business combinations occurring in the year ended 31 December 2005, the Group recognised intangible assets of £4.1m, also comprising customer relationships, trademarks and non-compete contracts which are being amortised over their estimated useful lives of 1 to 10 years. As at 31 December 2005, the net book value of intangible assets under US GAAP was £8.2m, net of £3.0m of accumulated amortisation, with an amortisation charge in the year of £1.3m. (2004: £5.4m, net of £1.7m accumulated amortisation, with an amortisation charge in the year of £1.2m).
3. | Contingent Consideration |
In business combinations, under UK GAAP, the fair value of the consideration payable includes an estimate of amounts that are deferred or that are contingent upon the future revenues of the acquired entity. Under US GAAP, the contractual terms relating to the determination and payment of deferred and contingent consideration may cause elements of the total expected consideration to be treated as compensation cost for post acquisition services. This element is accrued over the relevant service period. In connection with business combinations occurring in the year ended 31 December 2005, the Group recognised £4.1m of contingent consideration as part of the purchase price of the acquired companies under UK GAAP. Under US GAAP, this is recognised as compensation expense in periods subsequent to the acquisition. In the year ended 31 December 2005, £0.7m (2004: £nil) was recognised as compensation expense under US GAAP.
Under UK GAAP, the Group provides for deferred tax in respect of timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date, where transactions or events that result in an obligation to pay more tax in the future or a right to pay less tax in the future have occurred at the balance sheet date. A net deferred tax asset is regarded as recoverable and therefore recognised only when, on the basis of available evidence, it is regarded as more likely than not that there will be suitable taxable profits against which to recover carried forward tax losses and from which the future reversal of underlying timing differences can be deducted.
Under US GAAP, deferred taxation is provided for all temporary differences (differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities and their corresponding tax bases) on a full liability basis. Deferred tax assets are also recognised (net of a valuation allowance) to the extent that it is more likely than not that the benefit will be realised.
5. | Reconciliation of consolidated statement of cash flows |
Under UK GAAP, the Group complies with FRS 1 (Revised), ‘Cash Flow Statements’, the objective and principles of which are similar to those set out in SFAS 95, ‘Statement of Cash Flows’. The principal
20
FD International (Holdings) Limited
Notes to the financial statements(continued)
difference between the two standards is in respect of classification. Under FRS 1 (Revised), the Group presents its cash flows for (a) operating activities; (b) returns on investments and servicing of finance; (c) taxation; (d) capital expenditure and financial investment; (e) acquisitions and disposals; (f) equity dividends paid; (g) management of liquid resources; and (h) financing activities. SFAS 95 is less prescriptive and recognises only three categories of cash flow activity: (a) operating; (b) investing; and (c) financing.
Cash flows arising from taxation and returns on investments and servicing of finance under FRS 1 (Revised) would be included as operating activities under SFAS 95; dividend payments would be included as a financing activity under SFAS 95 and cash flows from capital expenditure, long-term investments, acquisitions and disposals would be included as investing activities under SFAS 95. In addition, under FRS 1 (Revised), cash represents cash at bank and in hand, less bank overdrafts; cash equivalents (i.e. liquid resources) are not included with cash. Movements of liquid resources are included under a separate heading. Bank overdrafts are classified within financing activities under US GAAP. Set out below is a summary consolidated statement of cash flows under US GAAP:
| | | | | | |
| | For the year ended 31 December | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | £’000s | | | £’000s | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | 8,480 | | | 3,154 | |
Net cash used in investing | | (11,132 | ) | | (1,038 | ) |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | 9,153 | | | (2,063 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net increase in cash | | 6,501 | | | 53 | |
Cash at beginning of year | | 4,730 | | | 4,677 | |
Cash at end of year | | 11,231 | | | 4,730 | |
21