UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
Report of Foreign Issuer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
COMPANIA CERVECERIAS UNIDAS S.A.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
UNITED BREWERIES COMPANY, INC.
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
Republic of Chile
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Vitacura 2670, 23rdfloor, Santiago, Chile
(Address of principal executive offices)
_________________________________________
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-FXForm 40-F ___
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes ___ NoX
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INDEX |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION | 4 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION | 5 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME | 6 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME | 7 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY | 8 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW | 9 |
NOTE 1 GENERAL INFORMATION | 10 |
NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 15 |
2.1 | Basis of preparation | 15 |
2.2 | Basis of consolidation | 16 |
2.3 | Financial information as per operating segments | 17 |
2.4 | Foreign currency and unidad de fomento (Adjustment unit) | 17 |
2.5 | Cash and cash equivalents | 18 |
2.6 | Other finantial assets | 18 |
2.7 | Financial instruments | 19 |
2.8 | Financial asset impairment | 21 |
2.9 | Inventories | 21 |
2.10 | Biological current assets | 21 |
2.11 | Other non-financial assets | 21 |
2.12 | Property, plant and equipment | 21 |
2.13 | Leases | 22 |
2.14 | Investment property | 23 |
2.15 | Intangible assets other than goodwill | 23 |
2.16 | Goodwill | 23 |
2.17 | Impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill | 24 |
2.18 | Assets of a disposal group held for sale | 24 |
2.19 | Income taxes | 24 |
2.20 | Employees benefits | 25 |
2.21 | Provisions | 25 |
2.22 | Revenue recognition | 25 |
2.23 | Commercial agreements with distributors and supermarket chains | 26 |
2.24 | Cost of sales of products | 26 |
2.25 | Other expenses by function | 26 |
2.26 | Distribution expenses | 26 |
2.27 | Administration expenses | 27 |
2.28 | Environment liabilities | 27 |
2.29 | Reclassification to the Consolidated Financial Statements of previous years | 27 |
NOTE 3 ESTIMATES AND APPLICATION OF PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT | 29 |
NOTE 4 ACCOUNTING CHANGES | 29 |
NOTE 5 RISK ADMINISTRATION | 30 |
NOTE 6 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | 36 |
NOTE 7 FINANCIAL INFORMATION AS PER OPERATING SEGMENTS | 42 |
NOTE 8 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS | 49 |
NOTE 9 NET SALES | 49 |
NOTE 10 NATURE OF COST AND EXPENSE | 50 |
NOTE 11 FINANCIAL RESULTS | 50 |
| |
NOTE 12 OTHER INCOME BY FUNCTION | 50 |
NOTE 13 OTHER GAINS (LOSSES) | 51 |
NOTE 14 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 51 |
NOTE 15 ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES – TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES | 52 |
NOTE 16 ACCOUNTS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED COMPANIES | 55 |
NOTE 17 INVENTORIES | 60 |
NOTE 18 BIOLOGICAL CURRENT ASSETS | 61 |
NOTE 19 OTHER NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS | 62 |
NOTE 20 INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR BY THE EQUITY METHOD | 62 |
NOTE 21 INTANGIBLE ASSETS OTHER TAN GOODWILL | 65 |
NOTE 22 GOODWILL | 67 |
NOTE 23 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT | 69 |
NOTE 24 INVESTMENT PROPERTY | 71 |
NOTE 25 ASSETS OF DISPOSAL GROUP HELD FOR SALE | 72 |
NOTE 26 INCOME TAXES | 73 |
NOTE 27 OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES | 76 |
NOTE 28 ACCOUNTS PAYABLE – TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES | 91 |
NOTE 29 PROVISIONS | 91 |
NOTE 30 OTHER NON-FINANCIAL LIABILITIES | 92 |
NOTE 31 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS | 92 |
NOTE 32 NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS | 95 |
NOTE 33 COMMON SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | 96 |
NOTE 34 EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE | 100 |
NOTE 35 CONTINGENCIES AND COMMITMENTS | 104 |
NOTE 36 ENVIRONMENT | 107 |
NOTE 37 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS | 109 |
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Financial Position (Assets) (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) |
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ASSETS | Notes | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 (Restated) (*) | As of January 1, 2014 (Restated) (*) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current assets | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalent | 14 | 192,554,239 | 214,774,876 | 408,853,267 |
Other financial assets | 6 | 13,644,105 | 6,483,652 | 4,468,846 |
Other non-financial assets | 19 | 17,654,373 | 18,558,445 | 21,495,398 |
Accounts receivable-trade and other receivables | 15 | 252,225,937 | 238,602,893 | 211,504,047 |
Accounts receivable from related companies | 16 | 4,788,930 | 11,619,118 | 9,610,305 |
Inventories | 17 | 174,227,415 | 167,545,598 | 146,955,193 |
Biological current assets | 18 | 7,633,340 | 7,633,591 | 6,130,652 |
Taxes receivables | 26 | 15,264,220 | 19,413,414 | 9,139,406 |
Total current assets different from assets of disposal group held for sale | | 677,992,559 | 684,631,587 | 818,157,114 |
Assets of disposal group held for sale | 25 | 6,319,316 | 758,760 | 339,901 |
Total assets of disposal group held for sale | | 6,319,316 | 758,760 | 339,901 |
Total current assets | | 684,311,875 | 685,390,347 | 818,497,015 |
| | | | |
Non-current assets | | | | |
Other financial assets | 6 | 80,217 | 343,184 | 38,899 |
Other non-financial assets | 19 | 27,067,454 | 5,828,897 | 15,281,111 |
Accounts receivable from related companies | 16 | 445,938 | 522,953 | 350,173 |
Investments accounted by equity method | 20 | 49,995,263 | 31,998,620 | 17,563,028 |
Intangible assets other than goodwill | 21 | 64,120,426 | 68,656,895 | 64,033,931 |
Goodwill | 22 | 83,300,573 | 86,779,903 | 81,872,847 |
Property, plant and equipment (net) | 23 | 872,667,210 | 851,255,642 | 698,656,429 |
Investment property | 24 | 6,838,002 | 7,917,613 | 6,901,461 |
Deferred tax assets | 26 | 34,529,593 | 30,207,019 | 24,525,361 |
Total non-current assets | | 1,139,044,676 | 1,083,510,726 | 909,223,240 |
Total Assets | 1,823,356,551 | 1,768,901,073 | 1,727,720,255 |
(*)SeeNote 2,29 and 4.
F-4
The accompanying notes 1 to 37 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Financial Position (Liabilities and Equity) (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) |
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LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | Notes | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 (Restated) (*) | As of January 1, 2014 (Restated) (*) |
LIABILITIES | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current liabilities | | | | |
Other financial liabilities | 27 | 43,973,991 | 65,318,293 | 120,488,188 |
Accounts payable-trade and other payables | 28 | 227,736,803 | 203,782,805 | 183,508,115 |
Accounts payable- to related companies | 16 | 11,624,218 | 10,282,312 | 7,286,064 |
Other short-term provisions | 29 | 503,440 | 410,259 | 833,358 |
Tax liabilities | 26 | 12,198,024 | 11,697,135 | 10,916,865 |
Employee benefits provisions | 31 | 21,712,059 | 17,943,771 | 20,217,733 |
Other non-financial liabilities | 30 | 70,942,144 | 68,896,763 | 65,878,578 |
Total current liabilities | | 388,690,679 | 378,331,338 | 409,128,901 |
Non-current liabilities | | | | |
Other financial liabilities | 27 | 136,926,545 | 134,534,557 | 142,763,030 |
Others accounts payable | 28 | 1,645,098 | 369,506 | 841,870 |
Accounts payable to related companies | 16 | - | - | 377,020 |
Other long-term provisions | 29 | 1,476,518 | 2,209,832 | 2,135,122 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 26 | 88,146,963 | 87,518,700 | 73,033,414 |
Employee benefits provisions | 31 | 18,948,603 | 17,437,222 | 15,196,620 |
Total non-current liabilities | | 247,143,727 | 242,069,817 | 234,347,076 |
Total liabilities | | 635,834,406 | 620,401,155 | 643,475,977 |
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EQUITY | |
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | 33 | | | |
Paid-in capital | | 562,693,346 | 562,693,346 | 562,693,346 |
Other reserves | | (103,226,416) | (75,050,544) | (65,881,809) |
Retained earnings | | 598,349,442 | 537,945,375 | 491,864,319 |
Subtotal equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | | 1,057,816,372 | 1,025,588,177 | 988,675,856 |
Non-controlling interests | 32 | 129,705,773 | 122,911,741 | 95,568,422 |
Total Shareholders' Equity | 1,187,522,145 | 1,148,499,918 | 1,084,244,278 |
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | 1,823,356,551 | 1,768,901,073 | 1,727,720,255 |
(*)SeeNote 2,29 and 4.
F-5
The accompanying notes 1 to 37 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Income (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME | Notes | For the years ended December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Net sales | 9 | 1,498,371,715 | 1,297,966,299 | 1,197,226,510 |
Cost of sales | 10 | (685,075,251) | (604,536,815) | (536,696,634) |
Gross margin | | 813,296,464 | 693,429,484 | 660,529,876 |
Other income by function | 12 | 6,577,244 | 25,463,716 | 5,508,863 |
Distribution costs | 10 | (277,599,722) | (240,848,630) | (221,701,175) |
Administrative expenses | 10 | (128,135,799) | (110,014,716) | (93,289,698) |
Other expenses by function | 10 | (209,201,189) | (188,109,562) | (162,782,032) |
Other gains (losses) | 13 | 8,512,000 | 4,036,939 | 958,802 |
Income from operational activities | | 213,448,998 | 183,957,231 | 189,224,636 |
Financial Income | 11 | 7,845,743 | 12,136,591 | 8,254,170 |
Financial costs | 11 | (23,101,329) | (22,957,482) | (24,084,226) |
Equity and income of joint ventures and associated | 20 | (5,228,135) | (898,607) | 308,762 |
Foreign currency exchange differences | 11 | 957,565 | (613,181) | (4,292,119) |
Result as per adjustment units | 11 | (3,282,736) | (4,159,131) | (1,801,765) |
Income before taxes | | 190,640,106 | 167,465,421 | 167,609,458 |
Income taxes | 26 | (50,114,516) | (46,673,500) | (34,704,907) |
Net income of year | | 140,525,590 | 120,791,921 | 132,904,551 |
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Net income attibutable to: | | | | |
Equity holders of the parent | | 120,808,135 | 106,238,450 | 123,036,008 |
Non-controlling interests | 32 | 19,717,455 | 14,553,471 | 9,868,543 |
Net income of year | | 140,525,590 | 120,791,921 | 132,904,551 |
Net income per share (Chilean pesos) from: | | | | |
Continuing operations | | 326.95 | 287.52 | 370.81 |
Diluted earnings per share (Chilean pesos) from: | | | | |
Continuing operations | | 326.95 | 287.52 | 355.57 |
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F-6
The accompanying notes 1 to 37 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME | Notes | For the years ended December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Net income of year | | 140,525,590 | 120,791,921 | 132,904,551 |
Other income and expenses charged or credited againts equity | | | | |
Cash flow hedges (1) | 33 | 80,693 | (155,258) | 256,592 |
Exchange differences of foreign subsidiaries (1) | 33 | (29,678,944) | (4,629,683) | (17,054,187) |
Gains (losses) from defined plans | 33 | (939,433) | (1,884,054) | (469,987) |
Income tax related with cash flow hedge (1) | 33 | (17,563) | 39,470 | (51,304) |
Income tax relating to defined benefit plans | 33 | 314,541 | 501,689 | 105,151 |
Total other comprehensive income and expense | | (30,240,706) | (6,127,836) | (17,213,735) |
Comprehensive income and expense | | 110,284,884 | 114,664,085 | 115,690,816 |
Comprehensive income originated by: | | | | |
Equity holders of the parent (2) | | 92,606,720 | 97,067,296 | 107,443,199 |
Non-controlling interests | | 17,678,164 | 17,596,789 | 8,247,617 |
Comprehensive income and expense | | 110,284,884 | 114,664,085 | 115,690,816 |
(1) These items will be reclassified to Consolidated Statement of Income when they are settled.
(2) Corresponds to the income for the year where no income or expenses have been recorded directly against shareholder´s equity.
.
F-7
The accompanying notes 1 to 37 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY | Paid in capital | Other reserves | Retained earnings | Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent | Non-controlling interests | Total Shareholders' Equity |
Common Stock | Shares premium | Currency translation difference | Hedge reserves | Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans reserves | Other reserves |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Balanced as of January 1, 2013 | 215,540,419 | 15,479,173 | (44,675,962) | (98,990) | - | (3,371,276) | 430,346,315 | 613,219,679 | 97,298,607 | 710,518,286 |
Changes | | | | | | | | | | |
Interim dividends (1) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (23,278,681) | (23,278,681) | - | (23,278,681) |
Interim dividends according to policy (2) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (38,239,323) | (38,239,323) | - | (38,239,323) |
Other increase (decrease) in Equity (5) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (4,961,354) | (4,961,354) |
Effects business combination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,138,195 | 3,138,195 |
Other increase (decrease) in Equity (4) | 15,479,173 | (15,479,173) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Increase (decrease) through changes in ownership interests in subsidaries that do not result in loss of control (3) | - | - | - | - | - | 2,867,444 | - | 2,867,444 | (8,154,643) | (5,287,199) |
Issuance Equity (4) | 331,673,754 | - | - | - | - | (5,010,216) | - | 326,663,538 | - | 326,663,538 |
Comprehensive income and expense | - | - | (15,408,235) | 164,099 | (348,673) | - | 123,036,008 | 107,443,199 | 8,247,617 | 115,690,816 |
Total changes in equity | 347,152,927 | (15,479,173) | (15,408,235) | 164,099 | (348,673) | (2,142,772) | 61,518,004 | 375,456,177 | (1,730,185) | 373,725,992 |
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2013 | 562,693,346 | - | (60,084,197) | 65,109 | (348,673) | (5,514,048) | 491,864,319 | 988,675,856 | 95,568,422 | 1,084,244,278 |
Balanced as of January 1, 2014 | 562,693,346 | - | (60,084,197) | 65,109 | (348,673) | (5,514,048) | 491,864,319 | 988,675,856 | 95,568,422 | 1,084,244,278 |
Changes | | | | | | | | | | |
Interim dividends (1) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (23,278,681) | (23,278,681) | - | (23,278,681) |
Interim dividends according to policy (2) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (36,500,001) | (36,500,001) | - | (36,500,001) |
Other increase (decrease) in Equity (3) | - | - | - | - | - | 2,419 | (378,712) | (376,293) | (8,594,222) | (8,970,515) |
Effects business combination | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 18,340,752 | 18,340,752 |
Comprehensive income and expense | - | - | (7,698,661) | (108,479) | (1,364,014) | - | 106,238,450 | 97,067,296 | 17,596,789 | 114,664,085 |
Total changes in equity | - | - | (7,698,661) | (108,479) | (1,364,014) | 2,419 | 46,081,056 | 36,912,321 | 27,343,319 | 64,255,640 |
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2014 | 562,693,346 | - | (67,782,858) | (43,370) | (1,712,687) | (5,511,629) | 537,945,375 | 1,025,588,177 | 122,911,741 | 1,148,499,918 |
Balanced as of January 1, 2015 | 562,693,346 | - | (67,782,858) | (43,370) | (1,712,687) | (5,511,629) | 537,945,375 | 1,025,588,177 | 122,911,741 | 1,148,499,918 |
Changes | | | | | | | | | | |
Interim dividends (1) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (24,387,190) | (24,387,190) | - | (24,387,190) |
Interim dividends according to policy (2) | - | - | - | - | - | - | (36,016,878) | (36,016,878) | - | (36,016,878) |
Other increase (decrease) in Equity (5) | - | - | - | - | - | 25,543 | - | 25,543 | (10,884,132) | (10,858,589) |
Comprehensive income and expense | - | - | (27,652,528) | 40,844 | (589,731) | - | 120,808,135 | 92,606,720 | 17,678,164 | 110,284,884 |
Total changes in equity | - | - | (27,652,528) | 40,844 | (589,731) | 25,543 | 60,404,067 | 32,228,195 | 6,794,032 | 39,022,227 |
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2015 | 562,693,346 | - | (95,435,386) | (2,526) | (2,302,418) | (5,486,086) | 598,349,442 | 1,057,816,372 | 129,705,773 | 1,187,522,145 |
(1) Related to declared dividends at December 31 of each year and paid during January of the following year, as agreed by the Board of Directors.
(2) Corresponds to the differences between CCU’s policy to distribute a minimum dividend of at least 50% of the income (Note 33) based on the local statutory reported to SVS and the interim dividends declared at December 31 of each year.
(3) In 2013, the Company acquired additional interests in Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. with a carrying value to ThCh$ 8,153,946 resulting in an increase to Other reserves of ThCh$ 2,526,520Note 1 (1).Additionally, as a part of the balance of 2013 recorded ThCh$ 341,169 related to an increase in additional interest in Saenz Briones & Cía S.A.I.C.
(4) SeeNote 33, paid in capital.
(5) Mainly related to dividends to Non-controlling interest.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow (Figures expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos) | 
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW | Notes | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Net cash flows from (used in) operational activities | | | | |
Collection classes: | | | | |
Proceeds from goods sold and services rendered | | 1,770,338,769 | 1,584,494,230 | 1,464,286,085 |
Other proceeds from operating activities | | 20,467,143 | 30,247,374 | 19,057,966 |
Types of payments: | | | | |
Payments of operating activities | | (1,120,571,275) | (1,051,616,618) | (950,888,252) |
Payments of salaries | | (178,915,580) | (171,898,347) | (145,277,349) |
Other payments for operating activities | | (220,365,087) | (162,644,788) | (154,495,134) |
Dividends received | | 45,492 | 75,169 | 95,463 |
Interest paid | | (19,813,502) | (20,757,207) | (21,112,371) |
Interest received | | 6,476,628 | 10,763,936 | 8,244,764 |
Income tax reimbursed (paid) | | (44,584,176) | (44,208,661) | (26,390,153) |
Other cash movements | 13 | 6,432,460 | (833,425) | 634,480 |
Net cash flows from (used in) operational activities | | 219,510,872 | 173,621,663 | 194,155,499 |
| | | | |
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities | | | | |
Cash flows used for control of subsidaries or other businesses | 14 | - | (8,369) | (14,566,278) |
Cash flows used in the purchase of non-controlling interests | 14 | (1,921,245) | (13,776,885) | - |
Proceeds from payments of Associates | | 6,709,845 | - | - |
Other payments to acquire interests in joint ventures | 14 | (42,163,032) | (1,445,478) | - |
Proceeds from sale of property, plan and equipment | | 2,776,474 | 2,587,448 | 1,740,687 |
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | | (129,668,910) | (227,863,039) | (122,451,045) |
Purchases of intangibles assets | | (2,062,012) | (2,217,113) | (2,107,984) |
Other cash movements | | 518,711 | 3,753,297 | 466,710 |
Net cash flows from (used in) investing activities | | (165,810,169) | (238,970,139) | (136,917,910) |
| | | | |
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities | | | | |
Payments for changes in ownership interests in subsidaries | 14 | - | - | (5,627,425) |
Proceeds from long-term loans | | 19,570,689 | 15,482,763 | 10,852,892 |
Porceeds from short-term loans | | 23,358,700 | 21,882,842 | 12,040,310 |
Total amount from loans | | 42,929,389 | 37,365,605 | 22,893,202 |
Loan payments | | (54,797,023) | (20,766,024) | (22,343,703) |
Proceeds from issuing shares | | - | - | 326,663,538 |
Payments of finance lease liabilities | | (1,697,649) | (1,745,210) | (1,641,370) |
Payments of loan from related entities | | (601,494) | (223,225) | (1,479,201) |
Dividends paid | | (66,147,145) | (65,315,914) | (63,680,979) |
Other cash movements | | (2,525,569) | (81,470,807) | (3,162,277) |
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities | | (82,839,491) | (132,155,575) | 251,621,785 |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash equivalents, before the effect of changes in exchange rate | (29,138,788) | (197,504,051) | 308,859,374 |
Effects of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | | 6,918,151 | 3,425,660 | (2,343,382) |
| | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, initial balance | | 214,774,876 | 408,853,267 | 102,337,275 |
Cash and cash equivalents, final balance | 14 | 192,554,239 | 214,774,876 | 408,853,267 |
F-9
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 1General Information
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. (CCU, or the Company or the Parent Company) was incorporated in Chile as an open stock company, and it is registered in the Securities Record of the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros de Chile (Local Superintendence of Equity Securities, SVS) under Nº 0007, consequently, the Company is subject to Regulation by the SVS. The Company’s shares are quoted in Chile on the Santiago Stock Exchange, Electronic Stock Exchange and Valparaíso Stock Exchange. The Company is also registered with the United States of America Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and it quotes its American Depositary Shares (ADS) on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). There was an amendment to the Deposit Agreement dated December 3, 2012, between the Company, JP Morgan Chase Bank, NA and all holders of ADRs. According to this Amendment, there was an ADS ratio change from 1 ADS to 5 common shares to a new ratio of 1 ADS to 2 common shares. There was no change to CCU's underlying ordinary shares. This action was effective on December 20, 2012.
CCU is a diversified beverage company, with operations mainly in Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia and Bolivia. CCU is the largest Chilean brewery, the second largest brewery in Argentina, the second largest producer of soft drinks in Chile, the second-largest wine producer in Chile, the largest bottler of mineral water and nectar in Chile and one of the largest pisco producer in Chile. It also participates in the business of Home and Office Delivery (“HOD”), in a business of home delivery of purified water in bottles through the use of dispensers, and in the rum and candy in Chile. It participates in the industry of the ciders, spirits and wines in Argentina and also participates in the industry of mineral water and soft drinks and beer distribution in Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia and Bolivia.
In Chile and abroad, CCU and its subsidiaries are the owners of a wide range of brands, under which market our products. In the domestic market, its portfolio of brands in the beer category consists among others of Cristal, Cristal Light, Cristal Cero, 0°, Escudo, Kunstmann, Austral, Dolbeck, Royal Guard, Morenita, Dorada and Lemon Stones. It holds exclusive license to produce and market Heineken, Sol and Coors. In Chile, the Company is the exclusive distributor of Tecate and Blue Moon beer.
In Argentina, CCU produces beers in its plants located in the cities of Salta, Santa Fé and Luján. Its main brands are Schneider, Imperial, Palermo, Santa Fé, Salta, Córdoba and are the holders of exclusive license for the production and marketing of Budweiser, Heineken, Amstel and Sol. CCU also imports Guiness and Kunstmann. Additionally, exports beer to different countries in the region mainly under the Schneider, Heineken and Budweiser brands. In Argentina, CCU is the exclusive distributor of the energy drink Red Bull. Besides, participates in the cider business, controlling of Saenz Briones. In these categories, its portfolio brands are Sidra Real and “1888”. Also participates in the spirits business, which is marketed under the brand El Abuelo, as well as import other liquors from Chile.
In Uruguay, the Company participates in the mineral waters and soft drinks business with Native and Nix brand, respectively. In addition, it sells beers imported under Heineken, Schneider and Kuntsmann brand and cider Sidra Real.
In Paraguay, the Company participates in the non-alcoholic beverages and beer business since December 2013. Its portfolio of non-alcoholic brands consists of Pulp, Watt's and La Fuente. These brands include own, licensed and imported. In the beer business, the Company imports Heineken, Coors Light, Coors 1873, Schneider, Paulaner and Kunstmann, brands.
In Colombia, CCU participates in the business of beers and malts since November 2014. Its portfolio of beers include licensed and imported Heineken, Amstel, Murphys and Buckler brands. Its has of exclusive license for the importation, distribution and production of Heineken. It holds exclusive license to produce and market Coors and Coors Light.
In Bolivia, the Company participates in the non-alcoholic and alcoholic business since May 2014. Its portfolio of non-alcoholic brands consist of Mendocina, Free cola, Sinalco, Cordillera and Real. These brands include own and licensed. The alcoholic brands consist of Real and Capital. It has of exclusive license for the importation and distribution of Heineken and the energy drink Monster.
Within the non-alcoholic, in Chile Operating segment, CCU has the Bilz,Pap, Kem, Kem Xtreme, Nobis, Cachantun, Cachantun Más, Mas Woman and Porvenir brands. Regarding the HOD category, CCU has the Manantial brand. The Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, has license agreements with Pepsi, 7up, Mirinda, Gatorade, Adrenaline Red, Sobe LifeWater, Lipton Ice Tea, Ocean Spray, Crush, Canada Dry Limón Soda, Canada Dry Ginger Ale, Canada Dry Agua Tónica, Nestlé Pure Life, Perrier, Watt´s and Frugo. In Chile,CCU is the exclusive distributor of the energy drink Red Bull.
Besides, throught of joint operation also owns the Sprim and Fructus and the licencse Vivo and Caricia brands.
In the spirits, in Chile Operating segment, in the category of pisco, CCU owns the brand Mistral, Campanario, Horcón Quemado, Control C, Tres Erres, La Serena and Ruta cocktail, and their respective extensions. In rum category Company owns thebrands Sierra Morena and their extensions and Cabo Viejo. The Company has the Fehrenberg brand and is exclusive distributor in Chile of Pernod Ricard’s products.
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In theWine Operating segment, through its subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. (“VSPT”), produces wines and sparkling, which are sold in the domestic and overseas markets exporting to more than 80 countries.Its main brands are Altaïr, Sideral, Cabo de Hornos, Kankana del Elqui, Tierras Moradas, 1865, Castillo de Molina, Épica, 35 Sur Reserva, 35 Sur, Urmeneta, GatoNegro, Gato, Manquehuito Pop Wine, San Pedro Exportación. The brands´s portfolio of Viña Tarapacá includes: TaraPakay, Gran Reserva, Gran Tarapacá, León de Tarapacá and Tarapacá Varietal. The brands´s portfolio of Viña Santa Helena includes: Parras Viejas, Vernus, Selección del Directorio, Siglo de Oro, Santa Helena Varietal, Alpaca, Gran Vino and Santa Helena. VSPT also participates in Chile and international market with vines Misiones de Rengo, Viña Mar, Casa Rivas, Leyda and Finca La Celia and Tamari in Argentina.
The joint venture in Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. ("Foods"), who participates in the business of snacks and food in Chile, sold Calaf and Natur brands to Empresas Carozzi S.A. Foods maintains its share of the brand Nutra Bien.
The detail of the described licenses appears below:
Main brands under license |
Licenses | Validity Date |
Amstel in Argentina (1) | July 2022 |
Austral (2) | July 2016 |
Blue Moon in Chile (3) | December 2021 |
Budweiser in Argentina | December 2025 |
Coors in Chile (4) | December 2025 |
Coors in Argentina (5) | December 2019 |
Crush, Canada Dry (Ginger Ale, Agua Tónica and Limón Soda) in Chile (6) | December 2018 |
Gatorade in Chile (7) | December 2018 |
Heineken in Bolivia (8) | December 2024 |
Heineken in Chile and Argentina (9) | 10 years renewables |
Heineken in Colombia (10) | March 2028 |
Heineken in Paraguay (8) | November 2022 |
Heineken in Uruguay (9) | 10 years renewables |
Nestlé Pure Life (6) | December 2017 |
Pepsi, Seven Up and Mirinda | December 2043 |
Red Bull in Argentina | December 2017 |
Red Bull in Chile (11) | Indefinitely |
Sol in Chile and Argentina (9) | 10 years renewables |
Té Lipton in Chile | March 2020 |
Watt's (nectars, fruit-based drinks and other) rigid packaging, except carton (12) | indefinitely |
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(1) After the initial termination date, license is automatically renewed under the same conditions (Rolling Contract), each year for a period of 10 years, unless notice of non-renewal is given.
(2) Renewable for periods of two years, subject to the compliance of the contract conditions .
(3) If Renewal criteria have been satisfied, renewable through December, 2025, thereafter shall automatically renew every year for a new term of 5 years (Rolling Contract).
(4) After the initial termination date, license is automatically renewed under the same conditions (Rolling Contract), each year for a period of 5 years, subject to the compliance of the contract conditions.
(5) License renewable for one period of 5 years, subject to the compliance of the contract conditions.
(6) License renewable for periods of 5 years, subject to the compliance of the contract conditions.
(7) Renewable for an additional period equal to the duration of the Shareholders Agreement of Bebidas CCU-PepsiCo SpA., subject to the compliance of the contract conditions.
(8) License for 10 years, automatically renewable for periods of 5 years, unless notice of non-renewal.
(9) License for 10 years, automatically renewable on the same terms (Rolling Contract), each year for a period of 10 years, unless notice of non-renewal is given.
(10) After the initial termination date, License is automatically renewable each year for a period of 5 years (Rolling Contract), unless notice of non-renewal is given.
(11) Indefinite contract, notice of termination 6 months in advance. The earliest possible effective date of termination is October 31, 2018.
(12) Indefinite contract, subject to the compliance of the contract conditions
The Company’s address and main office is located in Santiago, Chile, at Avenida Vitacura Nº 2670, Las Condes district and its tax identification number (Rut) is 90,413,000-1.
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As of December 31, 2015 the Company had a total of 8,100 employees according to the following detail:
| Number of employes |
| Parent company | Consolidated |
Main Executives | 86 | 400 |
Professionals and techniciens | 252 | 2,138 |
Workers | 27 | 5,562 |
Total | 365 | 8,100 |
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. is under the control of Inversiones y Rentas S.A. (IRSA), which is the direct and indirect owner of 60% of the Company shares. IRSA is currently a joint venture between Quiñenco S.A. and Heineken Chile Limitada, a company controlled by Heineken Americas B.V, each with a 50% equity participation.
The consolidated financial statements include the following direct and indirect significant subsidiaries where the percentage of participation represents the economic interests at the consolidated level:
Subsidiary | Tax ID | Country of origin | Functional currency | Share percentage direct and indirect |
As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
Direct | Indirect | Total | Total |
Cervecera CCU Chile Limitada | 96,989,120-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.7500 | 0.2499 | 99.9999 | 99.9999 |
Embotelladora Chilenas Unidas S.A. (4) | 99,501,760-1 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 97.7746 | 2.1592 | 99.9338 | 99.9433 |
Cía. Cervecerías Unidas Argentina S.A. | 0-E | Argentina | Argentine pesos | - | 99.9923 | 99.9923 | 99.9923 |
Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 91,041,000-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | - | 64.6980 | 64.6980 | 64.6980 |
Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 99,586,280-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 46.0000 | 34.0000 | 80.0000 | 80.0000 |
Transportes CCU Limitada | 79,862,750-3 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 98.0000 | 2.0000 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
CCU Investments Limited | 0-E | Islas Cayman | Chilean pesos | 99.9999 | 0.0001 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Inversiones INVEX DOS CCU Limitada | 76,126,311-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.6451 | 0.3548 | 99.9999 | 99.9997 |
CRECCU S.A. | 76,041,227-9 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9602 | 0.0398 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Fábrica de Envases Plásticos S.A. | 86,150,200-7 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 90.9100 | 9.0866 | 99.9966 | 99.9966 |
Southern Breweries Establishment | 0-E | Vaduz-Liechtenstein | Chilean pesos | 50.0000 | 49.9553 | 99.9553 | 99.9553 |
Comercial CCU S.A. | 99,554,560-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 50.0000 | 49.9866 | 99.9866 | 99.9866 |
CCU Inversiones S.A. (1) | 76,593,550-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 98.8398 | 1.1334 | 99.9732 | 99.9732 |
Millahue S.A. | 91,022,000-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9621 | - | 99.9621 | 99.9621 |
Aguas CCU-Nestlé Chile S.A. (2) | 76,007,212-5 | Chile | Chilean pesos | - | 50.0716 | 50.0716 | 50.0716 |
CCU Inversiones II Limitada (3) | 76,349,531-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 80.0000 | 19.9946 | 99.9946 | 99.9946 |
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | 96,981,310-6 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 50.0007 | - | 50.0007 | 50.0007 |
Inversiones INVEX TRES Limitada | 76,248,389-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.0000 | 0.9884 | 99.9884 | 99.9884 |
Milotur S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | - | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Coralina S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | - | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Marzurel S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | - | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. (3) | 0-E | Paraguay | Paraguayan guarani | 50.0050 | - | 50.0050 | 50.0050 |
Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. (3) | 0-E | Paraguay | Paraguayan guarani | 49.9590 | - | 49.9590 | 49.9590 |
Bebidas Ecusa SpA. (4) | 76,517,798-7 | Chile | Chilean pesos | - | 99.9338 | 99.9338 | - |
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In addition to the table presented above, below are the percentages of participation with voting rights, in each of the subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Each shareholder has one vote per share which he owns or represents. The percentage of participation with voting rights represents the sum of the direct participation and indirect participation via subsidiary.
Subsidiary | Tax ID | Country of origin | Functional currency | Share percentage with voting rights |
As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
% | % |
Cervecera CCU Chile Limitada | 96,989,120-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Embotelladora Chilenas Unidas S.A. (4) | 99,501,760-1 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9338 | 99.9444 |
Cía. Cervecerías Unidas Argentina S.A. | 0-E | Argentina | Argentine pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 91,041,000-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 64.6980 | 64.6980 |
Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 99,586,280-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 80.0000 | 80.0000 |
Transportes CCU Limitada | 79,862,750-3 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
CCU Investments Limited | 0-E | Islas Cayman | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Inversiones INVEX DOS CCU Limitada | 76,126,311-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
CRECCU S.A. | 76,041,227-9 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Fábrica de Envases Plásticos S.A. | 86,150,200-7 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Southern Breweries Establishment | 0-E | Vaduz-Liechtenstein | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Comercial CCU S.A. | 99,554,560-8 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
CCU Inversiones S.A. (1) | 76,593,550-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9737 | 99.9737 |
Millahue S.A. | 91,022,000-4 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9621 | 99.9621 |
Aguas CCU-Nestlé Chile S.A. (2) | 76,007,212-5 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 50.1000 | 50.1000 |
CCU Inversiones II Limitada (3) | 76,349,531-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | 96,981,310-6 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 50.0007 | 50.0007 |
Inversiones INVEX TRES Limitada | 76,248,389-0 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Milotur S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Coralina S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Marzurel S.A. | 0-E | Uruguay | Uruguayan pesos | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. (3) | 0-E | Paraguay | Paraguayan guarani | 50.0050 | 50.0050 |
Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. (3) | 0-E | Paraguay | Paraguayan guarani | 49.9590 | 49.9590 |
Bebidas Ecusa SpA. (4) | 76,517,798-7 | Chile | Chilean pesos | 99.9338 | - |
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The main movements in the ownership of the subsidiaries included in these consolidated financial statements are the following:
(1) CCU Inversiones S.A.
In September and November, 2012, the Company, through its subsidiary CCU Inversiones S.A., acquired an additional 10.4430% interest in Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. for ThCh$ 12,521,899 increasing its ownership interest to 60.4488%. Subsequently, during 2013, acquired an additional 4.2664% interest for ThCh$ 5,627,425 increasing its ownership interest to 64.7153%. As the Company has control of this subsidiary, the difference of ThCH$ 7,254,957 and ThCh$ 2,527,217 generated between purchase price and the equity method value was recorded under the item Other reserves in Equity in 2012 and 2013, respectively.
(2) Aguas CCU-Nestlé S.A.
On December 24, 2012, the Company, through the subsidiary Aguas CCU-Nestlé S.A., acquired 51.01% of shares of Manantial S.A. for ThCh$ 9,416,524. Manantial S.A. isa Chilean company that specializes in purified water in bottlesfor home and office, use through dispensers referred to internationally as HOD (Home and Office Delivery). Subsequently, on June 7, 2013, the Company paid the outstanding balance of ThCh$ 1,781,909.
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(3) CCU Inversiones II Limitada
As explained inNote 20, the Company participates of 50% of shares of Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S.
As explained inNote 8, during December 2013, the Company acquired 50.005% and 49.959% of the stock of Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A., respectively. This transaction allows the Company, participates in the beer distribution business, and production and marketing of non-alcoholic drinks, waters and nectars. The total amount of this transaction was ThCh$ 11,254,656. Subsequently, on June 9, 2015, the Company paid a committed capital of ThCh$ 7,414,290.
(4) Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A.
On November 16, 2015,formed a new company called Bebidas ECUSA SpA.,where the subsidiary Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. has the 99.9338% of participation. The purpose of this companyis the distribution, transport, import, export and marketing in general, on all types of soft drinks.
Below we briefly describe the companies that qualify as joint operations:
(a)Promarca S.A.
Promarca S.A. is a closed stock company with its main activity being the acquisition, development and administration of trademarks and their corresponding licenses to their operators.
On December 31, 2015, Promarca S.A. recorded a profit of ThCh$ 4,708,318 (ThCh$ 4,646,620 in 2014 and ThCh$ 4,540,335 in 2013), which in accordance with the Company´s policies is 100% distributable.
(b) Compañía Pisquera Bauzá S.A.
On December 2, 2011, the subsidiary Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. (CPCh) signed a license agreement for the commercialization and distribution of the pisco brand Bauzá in Chile. In addition, this transaction included the acquisition by CPCh of 49% of Compañía Pisquera Bauzá S.A. (CPB), owner of the brand Bauzá in Chile. The family Bauzá owns 51% of that company and all of its productive assets, thereby continuing the link to the production of pisco Bauzá maintaining its quality, origin and premium character.
On December 31, 2015, CPB recorded a profit of ThCh$ 82,663 (ThCh$ 109,207 in 2014 and ThCh$ 133,635 in 2013), which in accordance with the Company´s policies is 100% distributable.
At the end of December 31, 2015 this joint operation was classified to Assets of disposal group held for sale (seeNote 25).
(c) Bebidas CCU-Pepsico SpA.
On October 23, 2013, a new company called Bebidas CCU-PepsiCo SpA (BCP) was incorporated, which is defined as an joint operation, where the subsidiary Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. has the 50% of participation. The capital of this entity amounts to ThCh$ 1,000. The purpose of this company is the manufacture, production, processing, transformation, transport, import, export, purchase, sale and in general comercialization of all type of concentrates. Its operations commencedonJanuary 1, 2014.
On December 31, 2015, BCP recorded a profit of ThCh$ 802,418 (ThCh$ 789,648 in 2014), which in accordance with the Company´s policies is 100% distributable.
(d) Bebidas Carozzi CCU SpA.
On November 26, 2015, the Company, through its subsidiary ECCUSA, entered into a joint arrangement that qualifies as a joint operation, in the company called Bebidas Carozzi CCU SpA. (BCCCU). CCU and Empresas Carozzi S.A. participate as only shareholders in equal parts. The purpose of this company is the production, marketing and distribution of instant beverage powder in the national territory. The total disbursement by ECCUSA in this transaction was an amount of ThCh$ 21,846,500 (seeNote 19). Its operations commenced on December 1, 2015.
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On December 31, 2015, BCCCU recorded a profit of ThCh$ 402,228, which in accordance with the Company´s policies is 100% distributable.
The companies mentioned above (letter a) to d)) meet the conditions stipulated in IFRS 11 to be considered "joint operations", as the primary assets in both entities are trademarks, the contractual arrangements establishes that the parties to the joint arrangement share all interests in the assets relating to the arrangement in a specified proportion and their income is 100% royalty charged to the joint operators from the sale of products using these trademarks.
Note 2 Summary of significant accounting policies
Significant accounting policies adopted for the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are described below:
2.1 Basis of preparation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), issued by the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB), which have been applied uniformly to the periods presented.
The consolidated financial statements cover the following periods: Statement of Financial Position as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and January 1, 2014, Statement of changes in Equity, Statement of Income, Statement of Comprehensive Income and Statement of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
The amounts shown in the attached financial statements are expressed in thousands of Chilean pesos, which is the Company’s functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to thousand pesos, except when otherwise indicated.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical basis, as modified by the subsequent valuation of financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit and loss.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires that management uses its professional judgment in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies. SeeNote 3 for disclosure of significant accounting estimates and judgments.
At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements the following Amendments, Improvements and Interpretations to existing IFRS standards have been published. These standard are required to be applied as following:
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New Standard Improvements and Amendments | Mandatory for years beginning in: |
IFRS 14 | Regulatory deferral accounts | January 1, 2016 |
Amendment IFRS 11 | Accounting for acquisitions of interests in joint operations | January 1, 2016 |
Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38 | Clarification of Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation | January 1, 2016 |
Amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 41 (1) | Agriculture: bearer plants | January 1, 2016 |
Amendment IAS 27 | Equity method in separate financial statements | January 1, 2016 |
IFRS 5 Improvement | Changes in methods of disposal | January 1, 2016 |
IFRS 7 Improvement | Servicing contracts - applicability of the amendments to IFRS 7 to condensed interim financial statements | January 1, 2016 |
IAS 19 Improvement | Discount rate: regional market issue | January 1, 2016 |
IAS 34 Improvement | Disclosure of information elsewhere in the interim financial report | January 1, 2016 |
Amendment IFRS 10 , IFRS 12 and IAS 28 | Investment Entities: Applying the Consolidated Exception | January 1, 2016 |
Amendment IAS 1 | Disclosure initiative | January 1, 2016 |
Amendment IAS 12 | Recognition of deferred tax assets for unrealized losses | January 1, 2017 |
IFRS 9 | IAS 39 replacement | January 1, 2018 |
IFRS 15 | Revenue from contracts with customers | January 1, 2018 |
IFRS 16 | Leases | January 1, 2019 |
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(1) As explained inNote 4, the Company has early adopted the amendment IAS 16 and IAS 41.
The Company estimates that the adoption of these Standards, Amendments and Interpretations as described above will not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon initial application, except for the IFRS 15, IFRS 16 and the Amendment of IAS 12, because the Company is in the process of analysis of the possible impact.
2.2 Basis of consolidation
Subsidiaries
Subsidiaries are the entities over which the Company is empowered to direct financial and operational policies, which is generally the result of ownership of over half the voting rights. Subsidiaries are consolidated as from the date on which control was obtained by the Company, and they are excluded from consolidation as of the date the Company loses such control.
The acquisition method is used for the accounting of acquisition of subsidiaries. The acquisition cost is the fair value of the assets delivered, of the equity instruments issued and of the liabilities incurred or assumed as of the exchange date. The identifiable assets acquired, as well as the identifiable liabilities and contingencies assumed in a business combination are initially valued at their fair value on the acquisition date, independently from the scope of minority interests.Goodwill is initially measured as the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the fair value of non-controlling interest over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If this consideration is lower than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognized as income.
Joint operations
As explained inNote 1, in those joint arrangements that qualify as joint operations, the Company recognises the assets, liabilities, gains (losses) from operational activities respect of its interest in the joint operations in accordance with IFRS 11.
Intercompany transaction
Intercompany transactions, balances and unrealized gains from transactions between the Group’s entities are eliminated during consolidation. Unrealized losses are also eliminated, unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Whenever necessary, the subsidiaries accounting policies are amended to ensure uniformity with the policies adopted by the Company.
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Non-controlling Interest
The non-controlling interest is presented in the Equity section of the Statement of Financial Position. The net income attributable to equity holder of the parent and the non-controlling interest are each disclosed separately in the Consolidated Statement of Income after net income.
Investments accounted by the equity method
Joint ventures and associates
The Company maintains investments in joint arrangements that qualify as joint ventures, which correspond to a contractual agreement by which two or more parties carry out an economic activity that is subject to joint control, and normally involves the establishment of a separate entity in which each party has a share based on a shareholders’ agreement. In addition the Company maintains investments in associates which are defined as those entities that investor has significant influence and is not a subsidiary or is a joint venture.
The Company accounts for its participation in joint arrangement that qualify as joint ventures and associates using the equity method. The financial statements of the joint ventures are prepared for the same year, under accounting policies consistent with those of the Company. Adjustments are made to conform any difference in accounting policies that may exist to the Company´s accounting policies.
Whenever the Company contributes or sells assets to the companies under joint control or associate, any part of the income or loss originated by the transaction is recognized based on how the asset is realized. Whenever the Company purchases assets of such companies, it does not recognize its share in the income or loss of the joint venture as regards to such transaction until the asset is sold or realized by the joint venture.
2.3 Financial information as per operating segments
The Company has defined three operating segments which are essentially defined with respect to its revenues in the geographic areas of commercial activity: 1.- Chile, 2.- International business and 3.- Wine.
These operating segments mentioned are consistent with the way the Company is managed and how results will be reported by CCU. These segments reflect separate operating results which are regularly reviewed by each segment chief operating decision maker in order to make decisions about the resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance(See Note 7).
The segments performance is measured according to several indicators, of which OR (Operating Result), ORBDA (Operating Result Before Depreciation and Amortization), ORBDA margin (ORBDA’s % of total revenues for the operating segment), the volumes and Net sales. Sales between segments are conducted using terms and conditions at current market rates.
The Company defined the Operating Result as the Incomes (losses) before Other gains (losses), Net financial cost, Equity and income from joint ventures and associates, Foreign currency exchange differences, Results as per adjustment units and Income tax, and the ROADA, for the Company purposes, is defined as Operating Result before Depreciation and Amortization.
Corporate revenues and expenses are presented separately within the Other segment.
2.4 Foreign currency and unidad de fomento (Adjustment unit)
Presentation and functional currency
The Company uses the Chilean peso ($ or CLP) as its functional currency and for the presentation of its financial statements. The functional currency has been determined considering the economic environment in which the Company carries out its operations and the currency in which the main cash flows are generated. The functional currency of the Argentine, Uruguayan and Paraguayan subsidiaries is the Argentine peso, Uruguayan peso and Paraguayan guarani, respectively. The functional currency of the joint venture an associates in Colombia and Bolivia are Colombian peso and Boliviano, respectively.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Transactions and balances
Transactions in foreign currencies and adjustment units (“Unidad de Fomento” or “UF”) are initially recorded at the exchange rate of the corresponding currency or adjustment unit as of the date on which the transaction occurs. The Unidad de Fomento (UF) is a Chilean inflation-indexed peso-denominated monetary unit. The UF rate is set daily in advance based on changes in the previous month’s inflation rate. At the close of each Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, the monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and adjustment units are translated into Chilean pesos at the exchange rate of the corresponding currency or adjustment unit. The exchange difference arising, both from the liquidation of foreign currency transactions, as well as from the valuation of foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities, is included in statement of income, in Foreign currency exchange differences, while the difference arising from the changes in adjustment units are recorded in the statement of income as Result as per adjustment units.
For consolidation purposes, the assets and liabilities of the subsidiaries whose functional currency is different from the Chilean peso are translated into Chilean pesos by using the exchange rates valid as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the exchange differences originated by the translation of the assets and liabilities are recorded in Equity Reserve, under the Currency Translation Reserves item. The income and expense are translated at the monthly average exchange rate for the corresponding terms as differences since there have not been significant fluctuations in the exchange rates during each month.
The exchange rates of the primary foreign currencies and adjustment units used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013are as follows:
Chilan Pesos as per unit of foreign currency or adjustable unit | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 | As of December 31, 2013 |
Ch$ | Ch$ | Ch$ |
Foreign currencies | | | | | |
US Dollar | USD | | 710.16 | 606.75 | 524.61 |
Euro | EUR | | 774.61 | 738.05 | 724.30 |
Argentine Peso | ARG | | 54.46 | 70.96 | 80.45 |
Uruguayan Peso | UYU | | 23.71 | 24.90 | 24.49 |
Sterling Pound | GBP | | 1,053.02 | 944.21 | 866.41 |
Paraguayan guarani | PYG | | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.11 |
Bolivians | BS | | 103.67 | 88.45 | 76.47 |
Colombian peso | COP | | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.27 |
Adjustment Units | | | | | |
Unidad de fomento* | UF | | 25,629.09 | 24,627.10 | 23,309.56 |
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* The Unidad de Fomento (UF) is a Chilean inflation-indexed, peso-denominated monetary unit. The UF rate is set daily in advance based on changes in the previous month´s inflation rate.
2.5 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash available, bank balances, time deposits at financial entities, investments in mutual funds and financial instruments acquired under re-sale agreements, as well as short-term investments with a high liquidity, normally with an original maturity of up to three months.
2.6 Other finantial assets
Other financial assets include market securities, derivatives contracts and time deposits at financial entities with a maturity over 90 days.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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2.7 Financial instruments
Financial assets
The Company recognizes a financial asset in its Consolidated Statement of Financial Position according to the following:
As of the date of the initial recognition, Management classifies its financial assets (i) at fair value through profit and loss and (ii) collectible credits and accounts, depending on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired. For those instruments not classified at fair value through income, any cost attributable to the transaction is recognized as part of the asset value.
The fair value of the instruments that are actively quoted in formal markets is determined by the quoted price as of the financial statement closing date. For those investments without an active market, the fair value is determined using valuation technique including (i) the use of recent market transactions, (ii) references to the current market value of another financial instrument of similar characteristics, (iii) discounted cash flow and (iv) other valuation models.
After the initial recognition the Company values the financial assets as described below:
Accounts receivable
Trade receivable credits or accounts are recognized according to their invoice value.
Estimated losses from bad debts are determined by applying differentiated percentages, taking into account maturity factors, until reaching 100% of the balance in most of the debts older than 180 days, with the exception of those cases that in accordance with current policies, losses are estimated due to partial deterioration based on a case by case analysis.
Current trade receivable credits and accounts are initially recognized at their nominal value and are not discounted because they do not differ significantly from their fair value. The Company has determined that the calculation of the amortized cost is not materially different from the invoiced amount because the transactions do not have significant associated costs.
Financial liabilities
The Company recognizes a financial liability in its Consolidated Statement of Financial Position according to the following:
Debts and financial liabilities that accrue interests
Loans and financial obligations accruing interest are initially recognized at the fair value of the resources obtained, less costs incurred directly attributable to the transaction. After initial recognition, loans and obligations accruing interest are measured at their amortized cost. The difference between the net amount received and the value to be paid is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income during the term of the loan, using the effective interest rate method.
Interest paid and accrued related to debts and obligations used in a financing operations appear under financial cost.
Loans and obligations accruing interest with a maturity within twelve month period are classified as current liabilities, unless the Company has the unconditional right to defer the payment of the obligation for at least a twelve month period after the financial statement closing date.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Trade accounts payable and other payables
Accounts payable and other accounts payable are initially recognized at their nominal value because they do not differ significantly from fair value. The Company has determined that no significant differences exist between the carrying value and amortized cost using the effective interest method.
Derivative Instruments
All derivative financial instruments are initially recognized as of the date of the agreement and subsequently measured at their fair value as of the date of the financial statements. Gains and losses resulting from fair value measurement are recorded in the Statement of Income as gains or losses due to fair value of financial instruments, unless the derivative instrument qualifies is designated, and is effective as a hedging instrument.
The Financial Instruments at fair value through profit and loss include financial assets classified as held for trading by the Company. Financial assets are classified as held for trading when acquired with the purpose of selling them within a short term. Derivative instruments are classified as held for trading unless they are classified as hedge instruments.
Derivative instruments classified as hedges are accounted for as cash flow hedges.
In order to classify a derivative as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes, the Company documents (i) as of the transaction date or at designation time, the relationship or correlation between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as the risk management purposes and strategies, (ii) the assessment, both at designation date as well as on a continuing basis, whether the instrument used is effective to offset changes in fair value or in the cash flows of the hedged item. A hedge is considered effective when changes in the fair value or in the cash flows of the underlying directly attributable to the risk hedged are offset with the changes in fair value, or in the cash flows of the hedging instrument with effectiveness between 80% to 125%.
The total fair value of hedging derivatives are classified as assets or financial liabilities in Other non-current if the maturity of the hedged item is more than 12 months and as other assets or current liabilities if the remaining maturity of the hedged item is less than 12 months. The effect on results of these instruments can be viewed in Other gains (losses) of the Consolidated Statements of Income. The effective portion of the change in the fair value of derivative instruments that are designated and qualified as cash flow hedges are initially recognized in Cash Flow Hedge Reserve in a separate component of Equity. The income or loss related to the ineffective portion is immediately recognized in the Statement of Income. The amounts accumulated in Equity are reclassified in Income during the same period in which the corresponding hedged item is reflected in the Statement of Income. When a cash flow hedge ceases to comply with the hedge accounting criteria, any accumulated income or loss existing in Equity remains in Equity and is recognized when the expected transaction is finally recognized in the Statement of Income. When it is estimated that an expected transaction will not occur, the accumulated gain or loss recorded in Equity is immediately recognized in the Statement of Income.
Deposits for returns of bottles and containers
Deposits for returns of bottles and containers corresponds to the liabilities registered by the guarantees of money received from customers for bottles and containers placed at their disposal and represents the value that will be returned to the customer when it returns the bottles to the Company in good condition along with the original document. This value is determined by the estimation of the bottles and containers in circulation that are expected to be returned to the Company in the course of time based on the historic experience, physical counts held by clients and independent studies over the quantities that are in the hands of end consumers, valued at the average weighted guarantees for each type of bottles and containers.
The Company does not intend to make significant repayment of these deposits within the next 12 months. Such amounts are classified within current liabilities, under the line Other financial liabilities, since the Company does not have the legal ability to defer this payment for a period exceeding 12 months. This liability is not discounted, since it is considered a payable on demand, with the original document and the return of the respective bottles and containers and it does not have adjustability or interest clauses of any kind in its origin.
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2.8 Financial asset impairment
At each financial statement date the Company assesses if a financial asset or financial group of assets is impaired.
The Company assesses impairment of accounts receivable collectively by grouping the financial assets according to similar risk characteristics, which indicate the debtor’s capacity to comply with their obligations under the agreed upon conditions. When there is objective evidence that a loss due to impairment has been incurred in the accounts receivable, the loss amount is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income, as Administrative expenses.
In the event that during subsequent periods the impairment loss amount decreases and such decrease may be objectively related to an event occurring after impairment recognition, the impairment loss previously recognized is reversed.
Any subsequent impairment reversal is recognized in Income provided that the book value of the asset does not exceed its value as of the date the impairment was recognized.
2.9 Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost acquisition or production cost and net realizable value. The production cost of finished products and of products under processing includes raw material, direct labor, indirect manufacturing expenses based on a normal operational capacity and other costs incurred to place the products at the locations and in the conditions necessary for sale, net of discounts attributable to inventories.
The net realizable value is the estimated sale price in the normal course of business, less marketing and distribution expenses. When market conditions cause the production cost to be higher than its net realizable value, an allowance for assets deterioration is registered for the difference in value. This allowance for inventory deterioration also includes amounts related to obsolete items due to low turnover, technical obsolescence and products withdrawn from the market.
The inventories and cost of products sold, is determined using the Weighted Average Cost (WAC). The Company estimates that most of the inventories have a high turnover.
The materials and raw materials purchased from third parties are valued at their acquisition cost; once used, they are incorporated in finished products using the WAC methodology.
2.10 Biological current assets
Under the Biological current assets, the Company includes the costs associated with agricultural activities (grapes), which are capitalized up to the harvest date, at which time they become part of inventory cost for subsequents processes. The Company considers that the costs associated with agricultural activities represent a reasonable approximation to fair value. According toNote 4 until December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014, the Biological current assets are recorded under Inventories. The above mentioned implies only a reclassification andhas no impact on its value, Net income or Equity.
2.11 Other non-financial assets
Other non-financial assets mainly includes disbursements related to commercial advertising preparation that is in process but has not yet been shown, advances to property, plant and equipment to suppliers and current and non-current advertising agreements.
2.12 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are recorded at their historic cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. The cost includes both the disbursements directly attributable to the asset acquisition or construction, as well as the financing interest directly related to certain qualified assets, which are capitalized during the construction or acquisition period, as long as these assets qualify for these purposes considering the period necessary to complete and prepare the assets to be operative. Disbursements after the purchase or acquisition are only capitalized when it is likely that the futureeconomic benefits associated to the investment flow towards the Company, and costs may be reasonably measured. Subsequent disbursements related to repairs and maintenance are recorded as expense when incurred.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Property, plant and equipment depreciation, including the assets under financial lease, is calculated on a straight line basis over the estimated useful life of the fixed assets, taking into account their estimated residual value. When an asset is formed by significant components with different useful lives, each part is separately depreciated. Property, plant and equipment useful lives and residual values estimates are reviewed and adjusted at each financial statement closing date, if necessary.
Property, plant and equipment estimated useful lives are as follows:
Type of Assets | Number of years |
Land | Indefinite |
Buildings and Constructions | 20 to 60 |
Machinery and equipment | 10 to 25 |
Furniture and accesories | 5 to 10 |
Other equipment (coolers and mayolicas) | 5 to 8 |
Glass containers, and plastic containers | 3 to 12 |
Vines in production | 30 |
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Gains and losses resulting from the sale of properties, plants and equipment are calculated comparing their book values against the related sales proceeds and are included in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
Biological assets held by Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. (VSPT) and its subsidiaries consist of vines under formation and under production. The harvested grapes are used for the later production of wines.
Vines under production are valued at the historic cost, less depreciation and any impairment loss.
Depreciation of under production vines is recorded on a straight-line basis based on the 30-years average estimated production useful life, which is periodically assessed. Vines under formation are not depreciated until they start production.
Costs incurred in acquiring and planting new vines are capitalized.
When the book value of an asset of property, plant and equipment exceeds its recoverable amount, this is reduced immediately to its recoverable amount(See Note 2.17).
As described inNote 4, during year 2015, the Company has early adopted the amendment of IAS 16 and 41, therefore vines under formation and under production are recorded in Properties, plant and equipment. Until December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014, these were recorded under the Biological non-current assets. This early application implies only a reclassification and has not impact on its value, Net income or Equity.
2.13 Leases
Lease agreements are classified as financial leases when the agreement transfers to the Company substantially all the risks and rewards inherent to the asset ownership, according to International Accounting Standard No. 17 “Leases”. For those agreements that qualify as financial leases, at the initial date an asset and a liability are recognized at a value equivalent to the lower of the fair value of the asset and the present value of future lease payments. Subsequently, lease payments are allocated between the financial expense and the obligation reduction, so that a constant interest rate on the obligation balance is obtained.
Lease agreements that do not qualify as financial leases are classified as operating leases. Lease payments of operating leases are charged to income on a straight line basis over the life of the lease.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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2.14 Investment property
Investment property consists of land and building held by the Company with the purpose of generating appreciation and are not used in the normal course of business, and are recorded at historic cost less impairment loss, if any. Investment property depreciation is calculated on a straight line basis over the estimated useful life of such property, taking into account the estimated residual value of such property.
2.15 Intangible assets other than goodwill
Commercial Trademarks
The Company’s commercial trademarks correspond to intangible assets with an indefinite useful life that are presented at their historic cost, less any impairment loss. The Company believes that through marketing investments trademarks maintain their value, consequently they are considered as having an indefinite useful life and they are not amortizable. Such assets are subject to impairment tests on a yearly basis, or when factors exist indicating a likely loss of value(Note 2.17).
Software Program
Software Program licenses acquired are capitalized at the value of the costs incurred for their acquisition and preparation for the use of the specific programs. Such costs are amortized over their estimated useful lives (4 to 7 years). The maintenance costs of the software programs are recognized as expense in the year during which they are incurred.
Research and development
Research and development expenses are recognized in the period incurred.
Water Rights
Water Rights acquired by the Company correspond to the existing exploitation rights of water from natural sources, and they are recorded at their attributed cost as of the transition date to IFRS. Given that such rights are perpetual they are not amortizable, nevertheless they are annually subject to impairment assessment, or when factors exist that indicate a likely loss of value(See Note 2.17).
2.16 Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of cost of a business combination over the Company’s share in the fair value of identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities as of the acquisition date, and is accounted for at its cost value less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill related to joint venture acquisitions is included in the investment accounting value.
For the purposes of impairment tests, goodwill is assigned Cash Generating Units (CGU) that are expected to benefit from the synergies of a business combination. Each unit or group of units (CGU -See Note 22) represents the lowest level inside the Company at which goodwill is monitored for internal administration purposes, which is not larger than a business segment. The cash generating units to which the goodwill is assigned are tested for impairment annually or with a higher frequency, when there are signs indicating that a cash generating unit could experience impairment or some of the significant market conditions have changed.
Goodwill in the acquisition of joint ventures is assessed for impairment as part of the investment, provided that there are signs indicating that the investment may be impaired.
An impairment loss is recognized for the amount that the book value of the cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable value, the recoverable value being the higher of the fair value of the cash generating unit, less costs to sell and its value in use.
An impairment loss is first assigned in goodwill to reduce its book value, and then to other assets in the cash generating unit. A recognized impairment loss is not reversed in the following years.
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2.17 Impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill
The Company annually assesses the existence of impairment indicators on non-financial assets. When indicators exist, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the impaired asset. In case it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of the impaired asset at an individual level, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs.
For indefinite useful life intangible assets, which are not amortized, the Company performs all required test to ensure that the carrying amount does not exceed recoverable value.
The recoverable amount is defined as the higher of the fair value, less cost to sell and the value in use. The value in use is determined by estimating future cash flows associated with the asset or with the cash generating unit, discounted from its current value by using interest rates before taxes, which reflect the time value of money and the specific risks of the asset. In the event the asset book value exceeds its recoverable amount, the Company records an impairment loss in the Statement of Income.
For other non-financial assets different than goodwill and intangibles with indefinite useful life, the Company assesses the existence of impairment indicators when some event or change in business circumstances indicate that the book value of the asset may not be recoverable and impairment is recognised when the book value is higher than its recoverable value.
The Company annually assesses if impairment indicators of non-financial assets for which impairment losses were recorded during prior years have disappeared or decreased. In the event of such situation, the recoverable amount of the specific asset is recalculated and its book value increased, if necessary. Such increase is recognized in the Statement of Income as reversal of impairment losses. The increase in the value of the previously impaired asset is recognized only when it is originated by changes in the assumptions used to calculate the recoverable amount. The asset amount increase resulting from the reversal of the impairment loss is limited to the amount that would have been recorded had impairment not occurred.
2.18 Assets of a disposal group held for sale
Property, plant and equipment expected to be recovered primarily through sale rather than through continuing use, for which active sale negotiations have begun and it is estimated that they will be sold within twelve months following the closing date are classified as assets of a disposal group held for sale.
These assets are measured at the lower of their book value and the estimated fair value, less costs to sell. From the moment in which the assets are classified as assets of a disposal group held for sale they are no longer depreciated.
2.19 Income taxes
Income taxes are composed by the legal obligations and the deferred taxes recognized according to International Accounting Standard Nº 12 – Income Taxes. Income tax is recognized in the Statement of Income, except when it is related to entries directly recorded in Equity, in which case the tax effect is also recognized in Equity.
Income Tax Obligation
Income tax obligations are recognized in the financial statements on the basis of the best estimates of the taxable profits as of the financial statement closing date, and the income tax rate valid as of that date in the countries where the Company operates.
Deferred Tax
Deferred taxes are those the Company expects to pay or to recover in the future, due to temporary differences between the book value of assets and liabilities (carrying amount for financial reporting purposes) and the corresponding tax basis of such assets and liabilities used to determine the profits subject to taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are generally recognized for all temporary differences, and they are calculated at the rates that will be valid on the date the liabilities are paid or the assets realized.
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Deferred tax is recognized for temporary differences arising from investments in subsidiaries and associates, except in those cases where the Company is able to control the date on which temporary differences will be reversed, and it is likely that they will not be reverted in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets, including those originated by tax losses are recognized provided it is likely that in the future there are taxable profits against which deductible temporary differences may be charged.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legal right to offset tax assets against tax liabilities, and the deferred tax is related to the same taxable entity and the same taxing authority.
2.20 Employees benefits
Employees Vacation
The Company accrues the expense associated with staff vacation when the employee earns the benefit.
Employees Bonuses
The Company recognizes a liability and an expense for bonuses when it’s contractually obligated, it is estimated that, depending on the income requirement at a given date, bonuses will be paid out at the end of the year.
Severance Indemnity
The Company recognizes a liability for the payment of irrevocable severance indemnities, originated from the collective and individual agreements entered into with employees. Such obligation is determined based on the actuarial value of the accrued cost of the benefit, a method which considers several factors in the calculation, such as estimates of future continuance, mortality rates, future salary increases and discount rates. The determined value is shown at its present value by using the accrued benefits for years of service method. The discount rates are determined by reference to market interest rates curves. The current losses and gains are directly recorded in Income.
According to the amendment of IAS 19, the actuarial gains and losses are recognized directly in Other Comprehensive Income, under Equity and, according to the accounting policies of the Company, financial costs related to the severance indemnity are directly recorded under Financial cost in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
2.21 Provisions
Provisions are recognized when: (i) the Company has a current obligation, legal or implicit, as a result of past events, (ii) it is probable that monetary resources will be required to settle the obligation and (iii) the amounts can be reasonably established. The amounts recognized as provisions as of financial statements closing date, are Management´s best estimates, and consider the necessary disbursements to liquidate the obligation.
The concepts by which the Company establishes provisions against Income correspond to civil, labour and taxation proceedings that could affect the Company(See Note 29).
2.22 Revenue recognition
Revenues are recognized when it is likely that economic benefits flow to the Company and can be measured reliably. Income is measured at the fair value of the economic benefits received or to be received, and they are presented net of valued added taxes, specific taxes, returns, discounts and rebates.
Sales of goods are recognized after the Company has transferred to buyer all the risks and benefits inherent in the ownership of such goods, and it does not hold the right to dispose of them; in general, this means that sales are recorded at the transfer of risks and benefits to clients, pursuant to the terms agreed in the commercial agreements.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Sale of products in the domestic market
The Company obtains its revenues, both in Chile and Argentina, mainly from the sales of beers, soft drinks, mineral waters, purified water, juices, wines, cider and spirits, products that are distributed through retail establishments, wholesale distributors and supermarket chains. None of which act as commercial agents of the Company. Such revenues in the domestic markets, net of the value added tax, specific taxes, returns, discounts and rebates to clients, are recognized when products are delivered, together with the transfer of all risks and benefits related to them.
Exports
In general, the Company´s delivery conditions for sale are the basis for revenue recognition related to exports.
The structure of revenue recognition is based on the grouping of Incoterms, mainly in the following groups:
• "FOB (Free on Board) shipping point", by which buyer organizes and pays for transportation, consequently the sales occur and revenue is recognized upon the delivery of merchandise to the transporter hired by buyer.
• “CIF (Cost, Insurance & Freight) and similar", by which the Company organizes and pays for external transportation and some other expenses, although CCU ceases being responsible for the merchandise after delivering it to the maritime or air company in accordance with the relevant terms. The sales occur and revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the merchandise at the port of destination.
In the case of discrepancies between the commercial agreements and Incoterms, the first one will prevail.
2.23 Commercial agreements with distributors and supermarket chains
The Company enters into commercial agreements with its clients, distributors and supermarkets through which they establish: (i) volume discounts and other client variables, (ii) promotional discounts that correspond to an additional rebate on the price of the products sold by reason of commercial initiatives development (temporary promotions), (iii) services payment and rendering of counter-services (advertising and promotion agreements, use of preferential spaces and others) and (iv) shared advertising, which corresponds to the Company’s participation in advertising campaigns, promotion magazines and opening of new sales locations.
Volume discounts and promotional discounts are recognized as a reduction in the sales price of the products sold. Shared advertising contributions are recognized when the advertising activities agreed upon with the distributor have been carried out, and they are recorded as marketing expenses incurred, under Other expenses by function.
The commitments with distributors or importers in the exports area are recognized on the basis of existing trade agreements.
2.24 Cost of sales of products
The costs of sales include the production cost of the products sold and other costs incurred to place inventories in the locations and under the conditions necessary for the sale. Such costs mainly include raw material costs, packing costs, production staff labour costs, production-related assets depreciation, returnable bottles depreciation, license payments, operational costs and plant and equipment maintenance costs.
2.25 Other expenses by function
Other expenses by function include, mainly advertising and promotion expenses, depreciation of assets sold, selling expenses, marketing costs (sets, signs, neon signs at client’s facilities) and marketing and sales staff remuneration and compensations.
2.26 Distribution expenses
Distribution costs include all the necessary costs to deliver products to clients.
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2.27 Administration expenses
Administration expenses include the support units staff remuneration and compensation, depreciation of offices, equipment, facilities and furniture used for these functions, non-current assets amortization and other general and administration expenses.
2.28 Environment liabilities
Environmental liabilities are recorded based on the current interpretation of environmental laws and regulations, or when an obligation is likely to occur and the amount of such liability can be calculated reliably.
Disbursements related to environmental protection are charged to the Consolidated Statements of Income as incurred, except, investments in infrastructure designed to comply with environmental requirements, are recorded following the accounting policies for property, plant and equipment.
2.29 Reclassification to the Consolidated Financial Statements of previous years
The Company has early adopted the amendment of IAS 16 and IAS 41. For comparison purposes of this Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company, had restated the originally figures reported at December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014.This early application implies only a reclassification and has not impact on its value, Net income or Equity.
Below are the reclassifications that only affecting the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position:
a)OnDecember 31, 2014:
Current assets | Previously Reportedat December 31, 2014 | Reclassification | Total at December 31, 2014 (Restated) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Inventories | | | 175,179,189 | (7,633,591) | 167,545,598 |
Biological current assets | | | - | 7,633,591 | 7,633,591 |
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Non-current assets | Previously Reported at December 31, 2014 | Reclassification | Total at December 31, 2014 (Restated) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Property, plant and equipment (net) | | | 833,171,234 | 18,084,408 | 851,255,642 |
Biological assets | | | 18,084,408 | (18,084,408) | - |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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b) January 1, 2014:
Current assets | At January 1, 2014 | Reclassification | Total at January 1, 2014 (Restated) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Inventories | | | 153,085,845 | (6,130,652) | 146,955,193 |
Biological current assets | | | - | 6,130,652 | 6,130,652 |
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Non-current assets | At January 1, 2014 | Reclassification | Total at January 1, 2014 (Restated) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Property, plant and equipment (net) | | | 680,994,421 | 17,662,008 | 698,656,429 |
Biological assets | | | 17,662,008 | (17,662,008) | - |
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The costs associated with agricultural activities (grapes) for an amount of ThCh$ 7,633,591 and ThCh$ 6,130,652 as of December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014, respectively, were presented under the Inventories. Beginning the year 2015, according to IAS 41, these are presented under the Biological current assets.
The vines under formation and under production for an amount of ThCh$ 18,084,408 and ThCh$ 17,662,008 as of December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014, respectively, were presented under the Biological assets. Beginning the year 2015, according to Amendment of IAS 16 and IAS 41, these are presented under Property, plant and equipment.
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Note 3Estimates and application of professional judgment
Financial statement preparation requires estimates and assumptions from Management affecting the amounts included in the consolidated financial statements and their related notes. The estimates made and the assumptions used by the Company are based on the historical experience, changes in the industry and the information supplied by external qualified sources. Nevertheless, final results could differ from the estimates under certain conditions.
Significant estimates and accounting policies are defined as those that are important to correctly reflect the Company’s financial position and income, and/or those that require a high level of judgment by Management.
The primary estimates and professional judgments relate to the following concepts:
• The valuation of goodwill acquired to determine the existence of losses due to potential impairment(Note 2.16 and Note 22).
• The valuation of commercial trademarks to determine the existence of potential losses due to potential impairment (Note 2.17 and Note 21).
• The assumptions used in the current calculation of liabilities and obligations to employees(Note 2.20 and Note 31).
• Useful life of property, plant and equipment (Note 2.12 and Note 23) and intangibles (Note 2.15 and Note 21).
• The assumptions used for the calculation of fair value financial instruments(Note 2.7 and Note 6).
• The occurrence likelihood and the estimates amount in an uncertain or contingent manner(Note 2.21 and Note 29).
• The valuation of Biological current assets(Note 2.10 and Note 18).
Such estimates are based on the best available information of the events analysed to date in these consolidated financial statements. However, it is possible that events that may occur in the future that result in adjustments to such estimates, which would be recorded prospectively.
Note 4Accounting changes
a) The Company adopted the early application of Amendment to IAS 16 and 41 in 2015. This change in accounting policy implies that Biological assets (vines under formation and under production) are reclassified to Property, plant and equipment from Biological assets. Additionally, the costs associated with agricultural activities are reclassified to Biological current assets from Inventories. Until December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2014 these were presented under Biological assets (vines under formation and under production) and Inventories, respectively. The effects of this accounting policy are explained inNote 2.29. For comparison purposes these change was applied retroactively to 2014.
b) During the year ended on December 31, 2015, there have been no other changes in the use of accounting principles or relevant changes in any accounting estimates with regard to previous years that have affected these consolidated financial statements.
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Note 5 Risk Administration
Risk administration
In those companies without a significant non-controlling interest, the Company’s Administration and Finance Officer provides a centralized service for the group’s companies to obtain financing and administration of exchange rate, interest rate, liquidity, inflation, raw material and loan risks. Such activity operates according to a policies and procedures framework, which is regularly reviewed to comply with the purpose of administrating the risk originated by the business needs.
In those companies with a significant non-controlling interest (VSPT, CPCh, Aguas CCU-Nestlé, Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Cervecera Kunstmann) each Administration and Finance Officer exercises such responsibility. When necessary, the Board of Directors has the final responsibility for establishing and reviewing the risk administration structure, as well as for the review of significant changes made to the risk administration policies.
According to the financial risk policies, the Company uses derivative instruments only for the purpose of covering exposures to the interest rate and exchange rate risks originated by the Company’s operations and its financing sources. The Company does not acquire derivative facilities with speculative or investment purposes nevertheless, some derivatives are not treated as hedges for accounting purposes because they do not qualify as such. Transactions with derivative instruments are exclusively carried out by staff under the Finance Management and Internal Audit Management regularly reviews the control environment of this function. The relationship with Credit Rating Agencies and the monitoring of financial restrictions (covenants) are also administered by Finance Management.
The Company’s main risk exposure is related to the exchange rates, interest rates, inflation and raw material prices (commodities), taxes, client’s accounts receivable and liquidity. For the purpose of managing the risk originated by such exposures, several financial instruments are used.
For each of the following, where applicable, sensitivity analysis developed are for illustrative purposes, since in practice the sensitized variables rarely change without affecting each other and without affecting other factors that were considered as constants.
Exchange rate risk
The Company is exposed to exchange rate risks originated by: a) its net exposure to foreign currency assets and liabilities, b) exports sales, c) the purchase of raw material, products and capital investments effected in foreign currencies, or indexed in such currencies, and d) the net investment of subsidiaries in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. The Company’s greatest exchange rate exposure is the variation of the Chilean peso as compared to the US Dollar, Euro, Argentine Peso, Uruguayan Peso, Paraguayan Guarani, Colombian peso and Boliviano.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company maintained foreign currency obligations amounting to ThCh$ 49,785,548 (ThCh$ 46,780,406 in 2014), mostly denominated in US Dollars. Foreign currency obligations (ThCh$ 16,626,496 in 2015 and ThCh$ 19,838,965 in 2014) represent 10% (11% in 2014) of the total of Other financial liabilities. The remaining 90% (89% in 2014) is mainly denominated in inflation-indexed Chilean pesos (see inflation risk section). In addition, the Company maintains foreign currency assets for ThCh$72,887,721 (ThCh$ 57,086,683 in 2014) that mainly correspond to exports accounts receivable.
Regarding the foreign subsidiaries operations, the net exposure liability in US Dollars and other currencies amounts to ThCh$ 1,368,068 (ThCh$ 1,932,014 in 2014).
To protect the value of the net foreign currency assets and liabilities position of its Chilean operations, the Company enters into derivative agreements (currency forwards) to ease any variation in the Chilean peso as compared to other currencies.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company’s mitigate net asset exposure in foreign currencies in Chile, after the use of derivative instruments, is a liability amounting to ThCh$ 757,256 (ThCh$ 2,588,053 in 2014).
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Of the Company’s total sales, both in Chile and abroad, 8% (8% in 2014 and 8% in 2013) corresponds to export sales made in foreign currencies, mainly US Dollars and Euro and of the total costs 54% (55% in 2014 and 57% in 2013) corresponds to raw materials and products purchased in foreign currencies, or indexed to such currencies. The Company does not hedge the eventual variations in the expected cash flows from such transactions.
The Company is also exposed to movements in exchange rates relating to the conversion from Argentine Pesos, Uruguayan Pesos, Paraguayan Guaranis, Bolivians and Colombian Pesos to Chilean Pesos with respect to assets, liabilities, income and expenses of its subsidiaries in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, associated in Bolivia and joint ventures in Colombia. The Company does not cover the risks associated with the conversion of its subsidiaries, which effects are recorded in Equity.
As of December 31, 2015, the net investment in foreign subsidiaries, associated and joint ventures amounted to ThCh$ 133,554,918, ThCh$ 14,276,937 and ThCh$ 18,718,832 respectively (ThCh$ 127,753,473, ThCh$ 12,757,874 and ThCh$ 1,445,478 in 2014).
Exchange rate sensitivity analysis
The exchange rate differences effect recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended as of December 31, 2015, related to the foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, was an income of ThCh$ 957,565 (and a loss of ThCh$ 613,181 in 2014 and ThCh$ 4,292,119 in 2013). Considering the exposure as of December 31, 2015, and assuming a 10% increase (or decrease) in the exchange rate, and maintaining constant all other variables, such as interest rates, it is estimated that the effect over the Company’s income would be loss after taxes of ThCh$ 58,687 (a loss of ThCh$ 204,456 in 2014 and a loss of ThCh$ 85,506 in 2013).
Considering that approximately 8% of the Company’ sales relates to export sales carried out in Chile (8% in 2014 and 2013), in currencies different from the Chilean Peso, and in approximately 54% (55% in 2014 and 57% in 2013) of the Company’s direct costs are indexed to the US Dollar and assuming that the functional currencies will be appreciated or (depreciated) by 10% as compared to the set of foreign currencies, when maintaining constant the rest of the variables the hypothetical effect on the Company’s income would be income (loss) after taxes of ThCh$ 10,380,193 income (loss) fromThCh$ 10,004,379 in 2014 and ThCh$ 9,320,804 in 2013).
The Company can also be affected by the variation of the exchange rate of where the foreign subsidiaries operate, since the result is converted to Chilean Pesos at the average rate of each month. The result of the operations in the foreign subsidiaries during the year 2015 were ThCh$ 32,141,475 (ThCh $ 29,235,462 in 2014 and ThCh $ 26,738,414 in 2013). Therefore, a depreciation (or appreciation) of 10% in the exchange rate of the Argentine Peso, the Uruguayan Peso and the Paraguayan Guarani against the Chilean Peso, would be a loss (income) before tax of ThCh$ 3,214,147 (ThCh$ 2,923,546 in 2014 and ThCh$ 2,673,841 in 2013).
The net investment in foreign subsidiaries, associated and joint ventures amounted to ThCh$ 133,554,918, ThCh$ 14,276,937 and ThCh$ 18,718,832, respectively (ThCh$ 127,753,473, ThCh$ 12,757,874 and ThCh$ 1,445,4788 in 2014). Assuming a 10% increase or decrease in the Argentine Peso, Uruguayan Peso, Paraguayan Guarani, Bolivians and Colombian Peso against the Chilean Peso, and maintaining constant all the rest of the variables, the increase (decrease) would hypothetically result in income (loss) of ThCh$ 16,655,069 (ThCh$ 14,195,683 in 2014) recorded as a credit (charge) against Equity.
The company does not cover the risks associated with the currency conversion of the financial statements of its subsidiaries that have other functional currency, whose effects are reported in Equity.
Interest rates risk
The interest rate risk mainly originated from the Company’s financing sources. The main exposure is related to LIBOR and BADLAR variable interest rate indexed obligations.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had a total ThCh$ 20,206,608 in debt indexed to LIBOR (ThCh$ 13,690,987 in 2014). Consequently, as of December 31, 2015, the company’s financing structure is comprised by (without considering the effects of cross currency swaps effect) in approximately 12% (7% in 2014) in debt with variable interest rates, and 88% (93% in 2014) in debt with fixed interest rates.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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To administer the interest rate risk, the Company has a policy that intends to reduce the volatility of its financial expense, and to maintain an ideal percentage of its debt in fixed rate instruments. The financial position is mainly set by the use of short-term and long-term debt, as well as derivative instruments such as cross currency interest rate swaps.
As of December 31, 2015, after considering the effect of interest rates and currency swaps, approximately 97% (100% in 2014) of the Company’s long-term debt has fixed interest rates.
The terms and conditions of the Company’s obligations as of December 31, 2015, including exchange rates, interest rates, maturities and effective interest rates, are detailed in Note 27.
Interest rates sensitivity analysis
The total financial expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the twelve month ended December 31, 2015, related to short-term and long-term debts amounted to ThCh$ 23,101,329 (ThCh$ 22,957,482 in 2014 and ThCh$ 24,084,226 in 2013). Assuming a 100 base point increase (or decrease) in the Interest rate, and maintaining constant all other variables, it is estimated that the effect over the Company’s income would be loss before taxes of ThCh$ 41,872.
Inflation risk
The Company maintains a series of Unidad de Fomento* (UF) indexed agreements with third parties, as well as UF indexed financial debt, which means that the Company is exposed to the UF fluctuations, generating increases in the value of the agreements and inflation adjustable liabilities, in the event it experiences growth. This risk is mitigated by the Company’s policy of keeping the unitary net sales in UF constant, as long as the market conditions allow it.
* The Unidad de Fomento (UF) is a Chilean inflation-indexed, peso-denominated monetary unit. The UF rate is set daily based on changes in the previous month´s inflation rate.
Inflation sensitivity analysis
The income for total adjustment unit recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the twelve month ended December 31, 2015, related to UF indexed short-term and long-term debt, and resulted in a loss of ThCh$ 3,282,736 (ThCh$ 4,159,131 in 2014 and ThCh$ 1,801,765 in 2013). Assuming a reasonably possible increase (decrease) of the Unidad de Fomento by approximately 3% and maintaining constant all the rest of the variables, such as interest rates, the aforementioned increase (decrease) would hypothetically result in a loss (income) of ThCh$ 3,065,747 (ThCh$ 3,035,371 in 2014 and ThCh$ 2,999,467 in 2013) in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
Raw material price risk
The main exposure to the raw material price variation is related to barley and malt used in the production of beer, concentrates, sugar and plastic containers used in the production of soft drinks and bulk wine and grapes for the manufacturing of wine and spirits.
Barley, malt and cans
In Chile, the Company obtains its barley and malt supply both from local producers and the international market. Long-term supply agreements are entered into with local producers where the barley price is set annually according to market prices, which are used to determine the malt price according to the agreements. The purchases commitments made expose the Company to a raw material price fluctuation risk. During 2015, the Company purchased 46,620 tons (52,720 tons in 2014) of barley and 53,890 tons (37,315 tons in 2014) of malt. CCU Argentina acquires mainly malt from local producers. Such raw materials represent approximately 9 % (12% in 2014) of the direct cost of Chile Operating segment.
Of the cost of Chile Operating segment, the cost of cans represents approximately 12% of the direct cost in 2015 (12% in 2014). Meanwhile in International business Operating segment the cans cost represent approximately 30% of the direct cost of raw materials in 2015 (20% in 2014).
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Concentrates, Sugar and plastic containers
The main raw materials used in the production of non-alcoholic beverages are concentrates, which are mainly acquired from licensees, sugar and plastic resin for the manufacturing of plastic bottles and containers. The Company is exposed to price fluctuation risks of these raw materials, which jointly represent approximately 29% in 2015 (29% in 2014 and 27% in 2013) of the direct cost of Chile Operating segment. The company does not engage in hedging the purchases of raw materials.
Grapes and wine
The main raw material used by the subsidiary VSPT for wine production are harvested grapes from own production and grapes and wines acquired from third parties through long term and spot contracts. For the last 12 months, approximately 31% of the total wine of VSPT supply comes from its own vineyards. In the export business the own supply for 2015 was 48% (37% for 2014).
The remaining 69% (77% in 2014) supply is purchased from third parties through long term and spot contracts. During 2015, the subsidiary VSPT acquired 55% (69% in 2014) of the necessary grapes and wine from third parties through spot contracts. It also acquired 14% of its grape needs in 2015 from long term agreements (8% in 2014).
We must consider that as of December 31, 2015, the wine represents 57% (59% in 2014) of the total direct cost of the Wine Operating Segment, meaning that the supply purchased to third parties represents 31% of the direct cost.
Raw material price sensitivity Analysis
The total direct cost in the Consolidated Statement of Income for 2015 amounts to ThCh$ 485,391,583 (ThCh$ 433,749,832 in 2014 and ThCh$ 382,645,778 in 2013). Assuming a reasonably possible increase (decrease) in the direct cost of each Operating segment of 8% and maintaining constant all the rest of the variables, such as exchange rates, the aforesaid increase (decrease) would hypothetically result into a loss (income) before taxes of ThCh$ 24,078,370 (ThCh$ 21,875,405 in 2014 and ThCh$ 20,363,653 in 2013) for Chile Operating segment, ThCh$ 8,444,331 (ThCh$ 5,925,786 in 2014 and ThCh$ 5,421,437 in 2013) for International Business Operating segment, ThCh$ 6,736,734 (ThCh$ 6,414,035 in 2014 and ThCh$ 6,180,951in2013) for Wine Operating segment.
Credit risk
The credit risk to which the Company is exposed originates from: a) the commercial accounts receivable maintained with retail clients, wholesale distributors and supermarket chains of domestic markets; b) accounts receivable from exports; and c) financial facilities maintained with Banks and financial institutions, such as demand deposits, mutual funds investments, facilities acquired under resale commitments and derivatives.
Domestic market
The credit risk related to commercial collectible accounts of domestic markets is administered by the Loan and Collection Administration Officer, and it is monitored by the Loan Committee of each business unit. The Company has a wide client base that is subject to the policies, procedures and controls established by the Company. The loan limits are established for all clients on the basis of an internal qualification and payment performance. Outstanding commercial accounts receivable are regularly monitored. In addition, the Company acquires loan insurances covering 90% of the individually significant accounts receivable balances, a coverage that as of December 31, 2015, amounts to 88% (87% in 2014) of the total accounts receivable.
Overdue but not impaired commercial accounts receivable corresponds to clients that show delays of less than 21.4 days (18.2 days in 2014).
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had approximately 998 clients (904 clients in 2014) indebted in over Ch$ 10 million each that together represent approximately 85% (86% in 2014) of the total commercial accounts receivable. There were 217 clients (195 clients in 2014) with balances over Ch$ 50 million each, representing approximately 74% (76% in 2014) of the total accounts receivable. The 93% (94% in 2014) of such accounts receivable are covered by the loan insurance.
The Company believes that no additional credit risk provisions are needed to the individual and collective provisions determined at December 31, 2015, as a large percentage of these are covered by insurance.
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Exports market
The loan risk related to accounts receivable for exports is administered by VSPT Head of Loan and Collection, and it is monitored by VSPT Administration and Finance Officer. The Company has a large client base, in over eighty countries, which are subject to the policies, procedures and controls established by the Company. In addition, the Company acquires loan insurance covering 99% (98% in 2014) of the total accounts receivable. Pending payment of commercial accounts receivable is regularly monitored. Apart from the loan insurance, having diversified sales in different countries decreases the loan risk.
As of December 31, 2015, there were 69 clients (72 clients in 2014) indebted for over ThCh$ 65,000 each, which represent 88% (87% in 2014) of the total accounts receivable of the export market.
Overdue but not impaired commercial accounts receivable corresponds to clients that show delays of less than 19 days
(32 days in 2014).
The Company estimates that no loan risk provisions are necessary in addition to the individual and collective provisions determined as of December 31, 2015. See analysis of accounts receivables maturities and losses due to impairment of accounts receivables (Note 15).
The Company has policies limiting the counterparty loan risk exposure with respect to financial institutions, and such exposures are frequently monitored. Consequently, the Company does not have significant risk concentration with any specific financial institutions as of December 31, 2015.
Tax risk
Our businesses are taxed with different duties, particularly with excise taxes on the consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
The Argentine excise tax is 8.7% for beer, and the Chilean excise tax is 20.5% for beer and wine (15% in 2014), 31.5% for spirits (27% in 2014), 18% for sugar content non alcoholic beverages and 10% for no sugar content non alcoholic beverages (13% in 2014). In Uruguay the excise tax is 22% for beer, 19% for sugar content non alcoholic beverages, 12% for no sugar content non alcoholic beverages and 8% for bottled water. As for Paraguay, the excise tax is 9% for beer and 5% for sugar content non alcoholic beverages and bottled water.
An increase in the rate of these or any other tax could negatively affect our sales and profitability.
Liquidity risk
The Company administers liquidity risk at a consolidated level. The cash flows originated from operational activities being the main liquidity source. Additionally, the Company has the ability to issue debt and equity instruments in the capital market according to our needs.
To manage short-term liquidity, the Company considers projected cash flows for a twelve months moving period and maintains cash and cash equivalents available to meet its obligations.
Based on the current operational performance and its liquidity position, the Company estimates that cash flows originated by operating activities and the cash available shall be sufficient to finance working capital, capital investments, interest payments, dividend payments and debt payment requirements for the next 12-month period and the foreseeable future.
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A summary of the Company’s financial liabilities with their maturities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, based on the non-discounted contractual cash flows appears below:
As of December 31, 2015 | Book value | Contractual flows maturities |
Less than 1 year | Between 1 and 5 years | More than 5 years | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Other financial liabilities no derivative | | | | | |
Bank borrowings | 76,050,091 | 33,250,667 | 52,025,633 | - | 85,276,300 |
Bond payable | 74,508,233 | 5,606,949 | 28,255,440 | 64,742,891 | 98,605,280 |
Financial leases obligations | 17,559,874 | 1,505,697 | 5,148,941 | 28,871,228 | 35,525,866 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | 12,503,170 | 12,503,170 | - | - | 12,503,170 |
Sub-Total | 180,621,368 | 52,866,483 | 85,430,014 | 93,614,119 | 231,910,616 |
Derivative financial liabilities | | | | | |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 107,698 | 107,876 | - | - | 107,876 |
Derivative financial instruments | 171,470 | 171,471 | - | - | 171,471 |
Sub-Total | 279,168 | 279,347 | - | - | 279,347 |
Total | 180,900,536 | 53,145,830 | 85,430,014 | 93,614,119 | 232,189,963 |
As of December 31, 2014 | Book value | Contractual flows maturities |
Less than 1 year | Between 1 and 5 years | More than 5 years | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Other financial liabilities no derivative | | | | | |
Bank borrowings | 95,822,149 | 51,813,214 | 52,789,648 | - | 104,602,862 |
Bond payable | 73,937,639 | 5,485,283 | 23,204,531 | 71,545,695 | 100,235,509 |
Financial leases obligations | 17,392,945 | 1,681,160 | 5,228,658 | 28,911,336 | 35,821,154 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | 11,787,424 | 11,787,424 | - | - | 11,787,424 |
Sub-Total | 198,940,157 | 70,767,081 | 81,222,837 | 100,457,031 | 252,446,949 |
Derivative financial liabilities | | | | | |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 228,376 | 161,879 | (307,947) | - | (146,068) |
Derivative financial instruments | 684,317 | 684,317 | - | - | 684,317 |
Sub-Total | 912,693 | 846,196 | (307,947) | - | 538,249 |
Total | 199,852,850 | 71,613,277 | 80,914,890 | 100,457,031 | 252,985,198 |
View current and non-current book value inNote 6.
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Note 6Financial Instruments
Financial instruments categories
The following are the book values of each financial instrument category at the closing of each year:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| Current | Non current | Current | Non current |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash and cash equivalents | 192,554,239 | - | 214,774,876 | - |
Other financial assets | 13,644,105 | 80,217 | 6,483,652 | 343,184 |
Accounts receivable - trade and other receivable | 252,225,937 | - | 238,602,893 | - |
Acoounts receivable from related companies | 4,788,930 | 445,938 | 11,619,118 | 522,953 |
Total financial assets | 463,213,211 | 526,155 | 471,480,539 | 866,137 |
Bank borrowings | 27,714,998 | 48,335,093 | 49,137,896 | 46,684,253 |
Bonds payable | 3,155,239 | 71,352,994 | 3,029,425 | 70,908,214 |
Financial leases obligations | 321,416 | 17,238,458 | 518,139 | 16,874,806 |
Derivative financial instruments | 171,470 | - | 684,317 | - |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 107,698 | - | 161,092 | 67,284 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | 12,503,170 | - | 11,787,424 | - |
Total other non-financial liabililities (*) | 43,973,991 | 136,926,545 | 65,318,293 | 134,534,557 |
Account payable- trade and other payable | 227,736,803 | 1,645,098 | 203,782,805 | 369,506 |
Accounts payable to related entities | 11,624,218 | - | 10,282,312 | - |
Total financial liabilities | 283,335,012 | 138,571,643 | 279,383,410 | 134,904,063 |
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(*) SeeNote 27 - Other financial liabilities.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Financial instruments fair value
a) Composition of financial assets and liabilities:
The following tables show the fair values, based on the financial instrument categories, as compared to the book value included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| Book Value | Fair Value | Book Value | Fair Value |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash and cash equivalents | 192,554,239 | 192,554,239 | 214,774,876 | 214,774,876 |
Other financial assets | 13,724,322 | 13,724,322 | 6,826,836 | 6,826,836 |
Accounts receivable - trade and other receivable | 252,225,937 | 252,225,937 | 238,602,893 | 238,602,893 |
Acoounts receivable from related companies | 5,234,868 | 5,234,868 | 12,142,071 | 12,142,071 |
Total financial assets | 463,739,366 | 463,739,366 | 472,346,676 | 472,346,676 |
Bank borrowings | 76,050,091 | 77,380,452 | 95,822,149 | 98,167,470 |
Bonds payable | 74,508,233 | 80,087,449 | 73,937,639 | 80,134,117 |
Financial leases obligations | 17,559,874 | 29,104,078 | 17,392,945 | 28,975,321 |
Derivative financial instruments | 171,470 | 171,470 | 684,317 | 684,317 |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 107,698 | 107,698 | 228,376 | 228,376 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | 12,503,170 | 12,503,170 | 11,787,424 | 11,787,424 |
Total other non-financial liabililities (*) | 180,900,536 | 199,354,317 | 199,852,850 | 219,977,025 |
Account payable- trade and other payable | 229,381,901 | 229,381,901 | 204,152,311 | 204,152,311 |
Accounts payable to related entities | 11,624,218 | 11,624,218 | 10,282,312 | 10,282,312 |
Total financial liabilities | 421,906,655 | 440,360,436 | 414,287,473 | 434,411,648 |
| | | | |
The book value of current accounts receivables, cash and cash equivalents and other financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of such facilities, and in the case of accounts receivable, due to the fact that any collection loss is already reflected in the impairment loss provision.
The fair value of non-derivative financial assets and liabilities that are not quoted in active markets are estimated through the use of discounted cash flows calculated on market variables observed as of the date of the financial statements. The fair value of derivative instruments is estimated through the discount of future cash flows, determined according to information observed in the market or to variables and prices obtained from third parties.
The fair value of bank borrowings and Bonds payable have hierarchy level 2 of fair value.
b) Financial instruments as per category:
As of December 31, 2015 | Fair value with changes in income | Cash and cash equivalents and loans and accounts receivables | Hedge derivatives | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Financial assets | | | | |
Derivative financial instruments | 9,365,572 | - | 816,622 | 10,182,194 |
Marketable securities and investments in other companies | 3,542,128 | - | - | 3,542,128 |
Total other financial assets | 12,907,700 | - | 816,622 | 13,724,322 |
Cash and cash equivalents | - | 192,554,239 | - | 192,554,239 |
Accounts receivable-trade and other receivables | - | 252,225,937 | - | 252,225,937 |
Account receivable from to related companies | - | 5,234,868 | - | 5,234,868 |
Total | 12,907,700 | 450,015,044 | 816,622 | 463,739,366 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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As of December 31, 2015 | Fair value with changes in income | Hedge derivatives | Financial libilities measured at amortized cost | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Financial liabilities | | | | |
Bank borrowings | - | - | 76,050,091 | 76,050,091 |
Bonds payable | - | - | 74,508,233 | 74,508,233 |
Financial leases obligations | - | - | 17,559,874 | 17,559,874 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | - | - | 12,503,170 | 12,503,170 |
Derivative financial instruments | 171,470 | 107,698 | - | 279,168 |
Total others financial liabililities | 171,470 | 107,698 | 180,621,368 | 180,900,536 |
Account payable- trade and other payable | - | - | 229,381,901 | 229,381,901 |
Accounts payable to related entities | - | - | 11,624,218 | 11,624,218 |
Total | 171,470 | 107,698 | 421,627,487 | 421,906,655 |
As of December 31, 2014 | Fair value with changes in income | Cash and cash equivalents and loans and accounts receivables | Hedge derivatives | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Financial assets | | | | |
Derivative financial instruments | 5,467,620 | - | 343,184 | 5,810,804 |
Marketable securities and investments in other companies | 1,016,032 | - | - | 1,016,032 |
Total other financial assets | 6,483,652 | - | 343,184 | 6,826,836 |
Cash and cash equivalents | - | 214,774,876 | - | 214,774,876 |
Accounts receivable-trade and other receivables | - | 238,602,893 | - | 238,602,893 |
Account receivable from to related companies | - | 12,142,071 | - | 12,142,071 |
Total | 6,483,652 | 465,519,840 | 343,184 | 472,346,676 |
As of December 31, 2014 | Fair value with changes in income | Hedge derivatives | Financial libilities measured at amortized cost | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Financial liabilities | | | | |
Bank borrowings | - | - | 95,822,149 | 95,822,149 |
Bonds payable | - | - | 73,937,639 | 73,937,639 |
Financial leases obligations | - | - | 17,392,945 | 17,392,945 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | - | - | 11,787,424 | 11,787,424 |
Derivative financial instruments | 684,317 | 228,376 | - | 912,693 |
Total others financial liabililities | 684,317 | 228,376 | 198,940,157 | 199,852,850 |
Account payable- trade and other payable | - | - | 204,152,311 | 204,152,311 |
Accounts payable to related entities | - | - | 10,282,312 | 10,282,312 |
Total | 684,317 | 228,376 | 413,374,780 | 414,287,473 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Derivative Instruments
The detail of maturities, number of derivative agreements, contracted nominal amounts, fair values and the classification of such derivative instruments as per type of agreement at the closing of each year is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
Number agreements | Notional amounts thousand | Asset | Liability | Number agreements | Notional amounts thousand | Asset | Liability |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cross interest rate swaps USD/USD | 1 | 10,094 | - | 107,698 | 2 | 18,185 | - | 184,999 |
Less than a year | 1 | 10,094 | - | 107,698 | 1 | 8,185 | - | 117,713 |
Between 1 and 5 years | - | - | - | - | 1 | 10,000 | - | 67,286 |
Cross currency interest rate swaps USD/EURO | 2 | 12,353 | 816,622 | - | 1 | 4,499 | 343,184 | 43,377 |
Less than a year | 1 | 4,477 | 736,405 | - | - | 63 | - | 43,377 |
Between 1 and 5 years | 1 | 7,877 | 80,217 | - | 1 | 4,436 | 343,184 | - |
Forwards USD | 27 | 148,404 | 9,276,156 | 117,151 | 30 | 93,709 | 5,467,620 | 570,413 |
Less than a year | 27 | 148,404 | 9,276,156 | 117,151 | 30 | 93,709 | 5,467,620 | 570,413 |
Forwards Euro | 7 | 11,981 | 57,834 | 52,368 | 8 | 11,975 | - | 98,507 |
Less than a year | 7 | 11,981 | 57,834 | 52,368 | 8 | 11,975 | - | 98,507 |
Forwards CAD | 4 | 1,500 | 18,192 | 1,951 | 1 | 870 | - | 1,622 |
Less than a year | 4 | 1,500 | 18,192 | 1,951 | 1 | 870 | - | 1,622 |
Forwards GBP | 3 | 865 | 13,390 | - | 2 | 1,060 | - | 13,775 |
Less than a year | 3 | 865 | 13,390 | - | 2 | 1,060 | - | 13,775 |
Total derivative instruments | 44 | | 10,182,194 | 279,168 | 44 | | 5,810,804 | 912,693 |
| | | | | | | | |
These derivative agreements have been entered into as a hedge of exchange rate risk exposure. In the case of forwards, the Company does not comply with the formal requirements for hedging classified; consequently their effects are recorded in Income, in Other gains (losses), separately from the hedged item.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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In the case of Cross Currency Interest Rate Swaps and the Cross Interest Rate Swaps, these qualify as cash flow hedges of the flows related to loans from Banco de Chile and Banco Scotiabank. See additional disclosures inNote 27.
As of December 31, 2015 |
Entity | Nature of risks covered | Rights | Obligations | Fair value of net asset (liabilities) | Maturity |
Currency | Amount | Currency | Amount | Amount |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Scotiabank | Interest rate and exchange rate in bank obligations | USD | 5,700,299 | EUR | 5,589,172 | 111,127 | 18-06-2018 |
Banco de Chile | Interest rate and exchange rate in bank obligations | USD | 3,205,865 | EUR | 2,500,370 | 705,495 | 11-07-2016 |
Banco de Chile | Interest rate on bank loans | USD | 7,227,245 | USD | 7,334,943 | (107,698) | 07-07-2016 |
| | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 |
Entity | Nature of risks covered | Rights | Obligations | Fair value of net asset (liabilities) | Maturity |
Currency | Amount | Currency | Amount | Amount |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Scotiabank | Interest rate on bank loans | USD | 4,862,197 | USD | 4,870,405 | (8,208) | 22-06-2015 |
Banco de Chile | Interest rate and exchange rate on bank loans | USD | 2,718,035 | EUR | 2,418,228 | 299,807 | 11-07-2016 |
Banco de Chile | Interest rate on bank loans | USD | 6,128,184 | USD | 6,304,976 | (176,792) | 07-07-2016 |
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The Consolidated Statement of Other Comprehensive Income includes under the caption cash flow hedge, for the years ended December 31, 2015, a debit before income taxes of ThCh$ 80,693 (a credit before incomes taxes of ThCh$ 155,258 and a debit of ThCh$ 256,592, in 2014 and 2013, respectively), relating to the fair value of the Cross Currency Interest Swap and Cross Interest Rate Swap derivatives instruments.
Fair value hierarchies
The financial instruments recorded at fair value in the Statement of Financial Position are classified as follows, depending on the method used to obtain their fair values:
Level 1 Fair values obtained through direct reference to quoted market prices, without any adjustment.
Level 2 Fair values obtained through the use of valuation models accepted in the market and based on prices different from those of Level 1, which may be directly or indirectly observed as of the measurement date (adjusted prices).
Level 3 Fair values obtained through internally developed models or methodologies that use information which may not be observed or which is illiquid.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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The fair value of financial instruments recorded at fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements, are as follows:
As of December 31, 2015 | Recorded fair value | Fair value hierarchy |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Derivative financial instruments | 9,365,572 | - | 9,365,572 | - |
Market securities and investments in other companies | 3,542,128 | 3,542,128 | - | - |
Derivative hedge assets | 816,622 | - | 816,622 | - |
Fair value financial assets | 13,724,322 | 3,542,128 | 10,182,194 | - |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 107,698 | - | 107,698 | - |
Derivative financial instruments | 171,470 | - | 171,470 | - |
Fair value financial liabilities | 279,168 | - | 279,168 | - |
| | | | |
| | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | Recorded fair value | Fair value hierarchy |
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Derivative financial instruments | 5,467,620 | - | 5,467,620 | - |
Market securities and investments in other companies | 1,016,032 | 1,016,032 | - | - |
Derivative hedge assets | 343,184 | - | 343,184 | - |
Fair value financial assets | 6,826,836 | 1,016,032 | 5,810,804 | - |
Derivative hedge liabilities | 228,376 | - | 228,376 | - |
Derivative financial instruments | 684,317 | - | 684,317 | - |
Fair value financial liabilities | 912,693 | - | 912,693 | - |
| | | | |
During year ended as ofDecember 31, 2015, the Company has not made any significant instrument transfer between levels 1 and 2.
Credit Quality of financial assets
The Company uses two credit assessment systems for its clients: a) Clients with loan insurance are assessed according to the external risk criteria (trade reports, non-compliance and protested documents that are available in the local market), payment capability and equity situation required by the insurance company to grant a loan coverage; b) All other the clients are assessed through an ABC risk model, which considers internal risk (non-compliance and protested documents), external risk (trade reports, non-compliance and protested documents that are available in the local market) and payment capacity and equity situation. The uncollectible rate during the last two years has not been significant.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 7Financial Information as per operating segments
The Company has defined three Operating segments, essentially defined with respect to its revenues in the geographic areas of commercial activity: 1. Chile, 2. International business and 3. Wine.
From the fourth quarter of 2015 onwards, was created the Committee of International Business, which brings together management of the business activities regarding the geographical areas Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. Following this change, the Río de la Plata Operating segment (consisting of the business activities referred to) will be renamed into the International Business Operating Segment. The Committee of International Business will at the same time represent and look after the interests associated with the investments in Bolivia and Colombia, which will continue to report its results under Equity and income of JVs and associated on a consolidated basis.
These Operating segments mentioned are consistent with the way the Company is managed and how results are reported by CCU. These segments reflect separate operating results which are regularly reviewed by each segment chief operating decision maker in order to make decisions about the resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance.
Operating segment | Products |
Chile | Beers, non-alcoholic beverages and spirits. |
International business | Beers, cider, non-alcoholic beverages and spirits in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. |
Wines | Wines, mainly in export markets to more 80 countries. |
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Corporate revenues and expenses are presented separately within the Other segment. In addition this segment presents the elimination of transactions between segments.
The Company does not have any customers representing more than 10% of consolidated revenues.
The detail of the segments is presented in the following tables.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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a) Information as per operating segments for the years ended as ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014:
| Chile Operating segment | International business segment operation | Wines operating segment | Others | Total |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Sales revenue external customers | 885,769,609 | 813,639,952 | 400,051,022 | 292,152,707 | 184,169,165 | 168,139,809 | - | - | 1,469,989,796 | 1,273,932,468 |
Other income | 10,238,408 | 9,100,957 | 4,708,728 | 3,992,902 | 5,214,674 | 3,918,028 | 8,220,109 | 7,021,944 | 28,381,919 | 24,033,831 |
Sales revenue between segments | 6,013,177 | 7,600,483 | 953,967 | 3,522,074 | 131,209 | 290,716 | (7,098,353) | (11,413,273) | - | - |
Net sales | 902,021,194 | 830,341,392 | 405,713,717 | 299,667,683 | 189,515,048 | 172,348,553 | 1,121,756 | (4,391,329) | 1,498,371,715 | 1,297,966,299 |
Change % | 8.6 | - | 35.4 | - | 10.0 | - | - | - | 15.4 | - |
Cost of sales | (420,297,983) | (383,558,625) | (162,665,341) | (136,174,602) | (105,956,281) | (97,523,601) | 3,844,354 | 12,720,013 | (685,075,251) | (604,536,815) |
% of Net sales | 46.6 | 46.2 | 40.1 | 45.4 | 55.9 | 56.6 | - | - | 45.7 | 46.6 |
Gross margin | 481,723,211 | 446,782,767 | 243,048,376 | 163,493,081 | 83,558,767 | 74,824,952 | 4,966,110 | 8,328,684 | 813,296,464 | 693,429,484 |
% of Net sales | 53.4 | 53.8 | 59.9 | 54.6 | 44.1 | 43.4 | - | - | 54.3 | 53.4 |
MSD&A (1) | (328,488,527) | (317,765,236) | (216,098,525) | (154,299,739) | (51,070,291) | (50,284,130) | (16,907,433) | (13,253,897) | (612,564,776) | (535,603,002) |
% of Net sales | 36.4 | 38.3 | 53.3 | 51.5 | 26.9 | 29.2 | - | - | 40.9 | 41.3 |
Other operating income (expenses) | 688,920 | 722,478 | 3,315,892 | 20,173,967 | 44,823 | 238,952 | 155,675 | 2,585,913 | 4,205,310 | 23,721,310 |
Operating result before Exceptional Items (EI) | 153,923,604 | 129,740,009 | 30,265,743 | 29,367,309 | 32,533,299 | 24,779,774 | (11,785,648) | (2,339,300) | 204,936,998 | 181,547,792 |
Change % | 18.6 | - | 3.1 | - | 31.3 | - | - | - | 12.9 | - |
% of Net sales | 17.1 | 15.6 | 7.5 | 9.8 | 17.2 | 14.4 | - | - | 13.7 | 14.0 |
Exceptional Items (EI) (2) | - | - | - | (1,214,505) | - | - | - | (412,995) | - | (1,627,500) |
Operating result (3) | 153,923,604 | 129,740,009 | 30,265,743 | 28,152,804 | 32,533,299 | 24,779,774 | (11,785,648) | (2,752,295) | 204,936,998 | 179,920,292 |
Change % | 18.6 | - | 7.5 | - | 31.3 | - | - | - | 13.9 | - |
% of Net sales | 17.1 | 15.6 | 7.5 | 9.4 | 17.2 | 14.4 | - | - | 13.7 | 13.9 |
Net financial expense | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (15,255,586) | (10,820,891) |
Equity and income of associates and joint ventures | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (5,228,135) | (898,607) |
Foreign currency exchange differences | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 957,565 | (613,181) |
Results as per adjustment units | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (3,282,736) | (4,159,131) |
Other gains (losses) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 8,512,000 | 4,036,939 |
Income before taxes | | | | | | | | | 190,640,106 | 167,465,421 |
Income taxes | | | | | | | | | (50,114,516) | (46,673,500) |
Net income for year | | | | | | | | | 140,525,590 | 120,791,921 |
Non-controlling interests | | | | | | | | | 19,717,455 | 14,553,471 |
Net income attributable to equity holders of the parent | | | | | | | | | 120,808,135 | 106,238,450 |
Depreciation and amortization | 45,766,393 | 38,832,969 | 14,334,415 | 11,194,117 | 7,568,991 | 7,115,790 | 13,897,003 | 11,464,690 | 81,566,802 | 68,607,566 |
ORBDA before EI | 199,689,997 | 168,572,978 | 44,600,158 | 40,561,426 | 40,102,290 | 31,895,564 | 2,111,355 | 9,125,390 | 286,503,800 | 250,155,358 |
Change % | 18.5 | - | 10.0 | - | 25.7 | - | - | - | 14.5 | - |
% of Net sales | 22.1 | 20.3 | 11.0 | 13.5 | 21.2 | 18.5 | - | - | 19.1 | 19.3 |
ORBDA (4) | 199,689,997 | 168,572,978 | 44,600,158 | 39,346,921 | 40,102,290 | 31,895,564 | 2,111,355 | 8,712,395 | 286,503,800 | 248,527,858 |
Change % | 18.5 | - | 13.4 | - | 25.7 | - | - | - | 15.3 | - |
% of Net sales | 22.1 | 20.3 | 11.0 | 13.1 | 21.2 | 18.5 | - | - | 19.1 | 19.1 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(1) MSD&A, included Marketing, Selling, Distribution and Administrative expenses.
(2) Exceptional Items are income or expenses that do not occur regularly as part of the normal activities of the Company. It’s presented separately because its important items for the understanding the normal operations of the Company due to importance or nature.During the year 2014, the Company has considered this result as an Exceptional Items related to different restructuring process of operating segments.
(3) Operating result (For management purposes we have defined as earnings before other gains (losses), net financial expense, equity and income of joint venture, foreign currency exchange differences, result as per adjustment units and income taxes).
(4) ORBDA (For management purpose we have defined as Operating Result before Depreciation and Amortization).
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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b) Information as per operating segments for the years ended as ofDecember 31, 2014 and 2013:
| Chile Operating segment | International business segment operation | Wines operating segment | Others | Total |
| 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Sales revenue external customers | 813,639,952 | 751,079,523 | 292,152,707 | 274,029,865 | 168,139,809 | 146,938,005 | - | - | 1,273,932,468 | 1,172,047,393 |
Other income | 9,100,957 | 8,560,450 | 3,992,902 | 7,405,658 | 3,918,028 | 4,524,947 | 7,021,944 | 4,688,062 | 24,033,831 | 25,179,117 |
Sales revenue between segments | 7,600,483 | 5,555,707 | 3,522,074 | 999,777 | 290,716 | 792,495 | (11,413,273) | (7,347,979) | - | - |
Net sales | 830,341,392 | 765,195,680 | 299,667,683 | 282,435,300 | 172,348,553 | 152,255,447 | (4,391,329) | (2,659,917) | 1,297,966,299 | 1,197,226,510 |
Change % | 8.5 | - | 6.1 | - | 13.2 | - | - | - | 8.4 | - |
Cost of sales | (383,558,625) | (343,230,330) | (136,174,602) | (113,264,790) | (97,523,601) | (92,864,092) | 12,720,013 | 12,662,578 | (604,536,815) | (536,696,634) |
% of Net sales | 46.2 | 44.9 | 45.4 | 40.1 | 56.6 | 61.0 | - | - | 46.6 | 44.8 |
Gross margin | 446,782,767 | 421,965,350 | 163,493,081 | 169,170,510 | 74,824,952 | 59,391,355 | 8,328,684 | 10,002,661 | 693,429,484 | 660,529,876 |
% of Net sales | 53.8 | 55.1 | 54.6 | 59.9 | 43.4 | 39.0 | - | - | 53.4 | 55.2 |
MSD&A (1) | (317,765,235) | (275,202,656) | (154,299,739) | (142,972,002) | (50,284,131) | (46,036,147) | (13,253,897) | (9,312,740) | (535,603,002) | (473,523,545) |
% of Net sales | 38.3 | 36.0 | 51.5 | 50.6 | 29.2 | 30.2 | - | - | 41.3 | 39.6 |
Other operating income (expenses) | 722,478 | 1,385,111 | 20,173,967 | 1,038,067 | 238,952 | (166,311) | 2,585,913 | 1,991,965 | 23,721,310 | 4,248,832 |
Operating result before Exceptional Items (EI) | 129,740,010 | 148,147,805 | 29,367,309 | 27,236,575 | 24,779,773 | 13,188,897 | (2,339,300) | 2,681,886 | 181,547,792 | 191,255,163 |
Change % | (12.4) | - | 7.8 | - | 87.9 | - | - | - | (5.1) | - |
% of Net sales | 15.6 | 19.4 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 14.4 | 8.7 | - | - | 14.0 | 16.0 |
Exceptional Items (EI) (2) | - | (780,458) | (1,214,505) | (543,111) | - | (275,700) | (412,995) | (1,390,060) | (1,627,500) | (2,989,329) |
Operating result (3) | 129,740,010 | 147,367,347 | 28,152,804 | 26,693,464 | 24,779,773 | 12,913,197 | (2,752,295) | 1,291,826 | 179,920,292 | 188,265,834 |
Change % | (12.0) | - | 5.5 | - | 91.9 | - | - | - | (4.4) | - |
% of Net sales | 15.6 | 19.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 14.4 | 8.5 | - | - | 13.9 | 16 |
Net financial expense | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (10,820,891) | (15,830,056) |
Equity and income of associates and joint ventures | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (898,607) | 308,762 |
Foreign currency exchange differences | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (613,181) | (4,292,119) |
Results as per adjustment units | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (4,159,131) | (1,801,765) |
Other gains (losses) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,036,939 | 958,802 |
Income before taxes | | | | | | | | | 167,465,421 | 167,609,458 |
Income taxes | | | | | | | | | (46,673,500) | (34,704,907) |
Net income for year | | | | | | | | | 120,791,921 | 132,904,551 |
Non-controlling interests | | | | | | | | | 14,553,471 | 9,868,543 |
Net income attributable to equity holders of the parent | | | | | | | | | 106,238,450 | 123,036,008 |
Depreciation and amortization | 38,832,969 | 37,534,253 | 11,194,117 | 9,957,053 | 7,115,790 | 7,238,886 | 11,464,690 | 9,516,304 | 68,607,566 | 64,246,496 |
ORBDA before EI | 168,572,979 | 185,682,058 | 40,561,426 | 37,193,628 | 31,895,563 | 20,427,783 | 9,125,390 | 12,198,190 | 250,155,358 | 255,501,659 |
Change % | (9.2) | - | 9.1 | - | 56.1 | - | - | - | (2.1) | - |
% of Net sales | 20.3 | 24.3 | 13.5 | 13.2 | 18.5 | 13.4 | - | - | 19.3 | 21.3 |
ORBDA (4) | 168,572,979 | 184,901,600 | 39,346,921 | 36,650,517 | 31,895,563 | 20,152,083 | 8,712,395 | 10,808,130 | 248,527,858 | 252,512,330 |
Change % | (8.8) | - | 7.4 | - | 58.3 | - | - | - | (1.6) | - |
% of Net sales | 20.3 | 24.2 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 18.5 | 13.2 | - | - | 19.1 | 21.1 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(1) MSD&A, included Marketing, Selling, Distribution and Administrative expenses.
(2) Exceptional Items are income or expenses that do not occur regularly as part of the normal activities of the Company. It’s presented separately because its important items for the understanding the normal operations of the Company due to importance or nature.For the year 2013, the Companyhas considered this result as an Exceptional items (EI) related to restructuring process which implied the early retirement of managers replaced internally, promotions and the sole and exceptional payments of incentives to the leaving and remaining personnel.
(3) Operating result (For management purposes we have defined as earnings before other gains (losses), net financial expense, equity and income of joint venture, foreign currency exchange differences, result as per adjustment units and income taxes).
(4) ORBDA (For management purpose we have defined as Operating Result before Depreciation and Amortization).
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Sales information by geographic location
Net sales per geographical location | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile | 1,081,835,420 | 991,938,043 | 907,947,965 |
Argentina | 366,886,701 | 264,631,403 | 279,342,525 |
Uruguay | 14,432,950 | 11,204,806 | 9,936,020 |
Paraguay | 35,216,644 | 30,192,047 | - |
Total | 1,498,371,715 | 1,297,966,299 | 1,197,226,510 |
See distribution of domestic and exports revenues in Note 9.
Depreciation and amortization as per operating segments
Property, plant and equipment depreciation and amortization of software | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile Operating segment | 45,766,393 | 38,832,969 | 37,534,253 |
International business segment operation | 14,334,415 | 11,194,117 | 9,957,053 |
Wines operating segment | 7,568,991 | 7,115,790 | 7,238,886 |
Others (1) | 13,897,003 | 11,464,690 | 9,516,304 |
Total | 81,566,802 | 68,607,566 | 64,246,496 |
(1) Others includes depreciation and amortization corresponding to the Corporate Support Units and Strategic Service Units.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Capital expenditures as per operating segments
Capital expenditures (property, plant and equipment and software additions) | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile Operating segment | 72,292,561 | 85,904,965 | 70,441,360 |
International business segment operation | 27,871,662 | 33,481,407 | 29,779,226 |
Wines operating segment | 10,052,863 | 12,686,080 | 4,839,881 |
Others (1) | 21,513,836 | 98,007,700 | 19,498,562 |
Total | 131,730,922 | 230,080,152 | 124,559,029 |
(1) Others includes the capital investments corresponding to the Corporate Support Units and Strategic Service Units.
Assets as per operating segments
Assets per segment | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile Operating segment | 685,295,557 | 653,728,891 |
International business segment operation | 256,319,478 | 275,037,618 |
Wines operating segment | 308,288,465 | 297,145,081 |
Others (1) | 573,453,051 | 542,989,483 |
Total | 1,823,356,551 | 1,768,901,073 |
(1) Others includes goodwill and the assets corresponding to the Corporate Support Units and Strategic Service Units.
Assets per geographic location
Assets per geographical location | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile | 1,555,550,811 | 1,480,587,584 |
Argentina | 188,897,724 | 211,886,432 |
Uruguay | 25,703,157 | 23,971,219 |
Paraguay | 53,204,859 | 52,455,838 |
Total | 1,823,356,551 | 1,768,901,073 |
Liabilites as per operating segments
Liabilites per segments | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile Operating segment | 328,182,912 | 370,380,118 |
International business segment operation | 97,680,139 | 125,647,902 |
Wines operating segment | 102,780,420 | 99,164,051 |
Others (1) | 107,190,935 | 25,209,084 |
Total | 635,834,406 | 620,401,155 |
(1) Others includes liabilites corresponding to the Corporate Support Units and Strategic Service Units.
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Operating Segment’s additional information
The Consolidated Statement of Income classified according to the Company’s operations management is as follows:
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME | Notes | For the years ended December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Sales revenue external customers | | 1,469,989,796 | 1,273,932,468 | 1,172,047,393 |
Other income | | 28,381,919 | 24,033,831 | 25,179,117 |
Net sales | 9 | 1,498,371,715 | 1,297,966,299 | 1,197,226,510 |
Change % | | 15.4 | 8.4 | - |
Cost of sales | | (685,075,251) | (604,536,815) | (536,696,634) |
% of Net sales | | 45.7 | 46.6 | 44.8 |
Gross margin | | 813,296,464 | 693,429,484 | 660,529,876 |
% of Net sales | | 54.3 | 53.4 | 55.2 |
MSD&A (1) | | (612,564,776) | (535,603,002) | (473,523,545) |
% of Net sales | | 40.9 | 41.3 | 39.6 |
Other operating income (expenses) | | 4,205,310 | 23,721,310 | 4,248,832 |
Operating result before Exceptional Items (EI) | | 204,936,998 | 181,547,792 | 191,255,163 |
Change % | | 12.9 | (5.1) | - |
% of Net sales | | 13.7 | 14.0 | 16.0 |
Exceptional Items (EI) (2) | | - | (1,627,500) | (2,989,329) |
Operating result (3) | | 204,936,998 | 179,920,292 | 188,265,834 |
Change % | | 13.9 | (4.4) | - |
% of Net sales | | 13.7 | 13.9 | 15.7 |
Net financial expense | 11 | (15,255,586) | (10,820,891) | (15,830,056) |
Equity and income of associates and joint ventures | 20 | (5,228,135) | (898,607) | 308,762 |
Foreign currency exchange differences | 11 | 957,565 | (613,181) | (4,292,119) |
Results as per adjustment units | 11 | (3,282,736) | (4,159,131) | (1,801,765) |
Other gains (losses) | 13 | 8,512,000 | 4,036,939 | 958,802 |
Income before taxes | | 190,640,106 | 167,465,421 | 167,609,458 |
Income taxes | 26 | (50,114,516) | (46,673,500) | (34,704,907) |
Net income for year | | 140,525,590 | 120,791,921 | 132,904,551 |
Non-controlling interests | 32 | 19,717,455 | 14,553,471 | 9,868,543 |
Net income attributable to equity holders of the parent | | 120,808,135 | 106,238,450 | 123,036,008 |
Depreciation and amortization | | 81,566,802 | 68,607,566 | 64,246,496 |
ORBDA before EI | | 286,503,800 | 250,155,358 | 255,501,659 |
Change % | | 14.5 | (2.1) | - |
% of Net sales | | 19.1 | 19.3 | 21.3 |
ORBDA (4) | | 286,503,800 | 248,527,858 | 252,512,330 |
Change % | | 15.3 | (1.6) | - |
% of Net sales | | 19.1 | 19.1 | 21.1 |
| | | | |
See definition of (1), (2), (3) and (4) in information as per Operating segment.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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(4) The following is a reconciliation of our income operational activities, the most directly comparable IFRS measure to Operating Result for the years ended on December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:
| For the years ended December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Income from operational activities | 213,448,998 | 183,957,231 | 189,224,636 |
Add (Subtract): | | | |
Results derivative contracts | (9,839,675) | (4,152,548) | (2,390,493) |
Marketable securities to fair value | (36,280) | 103,306 | 107,914 |
Other | 1,363,955 | 12,303 | 1,323,777 |
Exceptional Items (EI) (2) | - | 1,627,500 | 2,989,329 |
Operating result before EI | 204,936,998 | 181,547,792 | 191,255,163 |
Exceptional Items (EI) (2) | - | (1,627,500) | (2,989,329) |
Operating result (1) | 204,936,998 | 179,920,292 | 188,265,834 |
See definition of (1) and (2) in information as per Operating segment.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 8Business Combinations
a) Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A.
Year 2013 Acquisitions
During December 2013, the Company acquired 50.005% and 49.96% of the stock of Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A., respectively. This transaction allows the Company, to participate in the beer distribution business, and production and marketing of non-alcoholic drinks, waters and nectars. The total amount of this transaction was ThCh$ 11,254,656.
On June 9, 2015 the committed equity of ThCh$7,414,290 was paid.
For the acquisition of the Paraguayan companies, the Company have been determined the fair values of the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities, generating goodwill and trademarks for an amount of ThCh$ 5,566,003 and
ThCh$ 3,658,167, respectively, among others (Note 21 and 22).
On December 23, 2014, the Company signed a contract with its subsidiary CCU Inversiones II Limited, in which the last acquired all of stock of Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A.
Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. (BdP) and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. (DdP) are considered as an economic group that share operational and financial strategy. BdP manufactures products with different brands of its property. DdP is sole and exclusive customer, which is responsible for the distribution and marketing of its products, reason why BdP is it consolidates DdP.
It is expected that the acquisition of these companies increases their productive capacities, through the expansion of their productive assets, growth in market share through the various brands market and participation in local and foreign markets, as well as operational improvements as a result of synergies obtained in the operational and administrative functions.
b) Manantial S.A.
Year 2013 Acquisitions
On June 7, 2013, the Company proceeded to pay outstanding balance of ThCh$ 1,781,909 related to the acquisition of Manantial S.A.
c)As of December 31, 2015, the Company has not made business combinations.
Note 9Net Sales
Net sales distributed between domestic and export, are as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Domestic sales | 1,374,282,584 | 1,188,231,333 | 1,102,834,492 |
Exports sales | 124,089,131 | 109,734,966 | 94,392,018 |
Total | 1,498,371,715 | 1,297,966,299 | 1,197,226,510 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 10Nature of cost and expense
Operational cost and expense grouped by natural classification are as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Raw material cost | 485,391,583 | 433,749,832 | 382,645,778 |
Materials and maintenance expense | 43,093,939 | 38,678,842 | 32,596,344 |
Personnel expense (1) | 197,915,151 | 169,331,464 | 155,010,442 |
Transportation and distribution | 234,431,464 | 201,371,151 | 184,417,248 |
Advertising and promotion expense | 117,921,841 | 105,649,991 | 85,063,591 |
Lease expense | 13,641,122 | 13,347,091 | 12,201,288 |
Energy expense | 25,178,032 | 29,566,627 | 25,398,656 |
Depreciation and amortization | 81,566,802 | 68,607,566 | 64,246,496 |
Other expenses | 100,872,027 | 83,207,159 | 72,889,696 |
Total | 1,300,011,961 | 1,143,509,723 | 1,014,469,539 |
(1) See Note 31 Employee benefits.
Note 11Financial results
The financial income composition for the year ended as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, is as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
Financial Results | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Financial income | 7,845,743 | 12,136,591 | 8,254,170 |
Financial cost | (23,101,329) | (22,957,482) | (24,084,226) |
Foreign currency exchange differences | 957,565 | (613,181) | (4,292,119) |
Result as per adjustment units | (3,282,736) | (4,159,131) | (1,801,765) |
Total | (17,580,757) | (15,593,203) | (21,923,940) |
Note 12Other income by function
The detail of other income by function is as follows:
Other income by function | For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Sales of fixed assets | 3,644,435 | | 3,146,816 | 2,381,160 |
Lease expense | 245,285 | | 364,388 | 318,830 |
Others | 2,687,524 | (1) | 21,952,512 | 2,808,873 |
Total | 6,577,244 | 25,463,716 | 5,508,863 |
(1) Under this amount includes, the positive one-time effect compensations received by our Argentine subsidiary CICSA for an amount 227,245 thousands of Argentine pesos (equivalent to MUS$ 34,200), for the termination of the contract which allowed us to import and distribute on an exclusive basis, Corona and Negra Modelo beers in Argentina and the license for the production and distribution of Budweiser beer in Uruguay.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 13Other Gains (Losses)
The detail of other gains (losses) items is as follows:
Other gains (losses) | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Results derivative contracts (1) | 9,839,675 | 4,152,548 | 2,390,493 |
Marketable securities to fair value | 36,280 | (103,306) | (107,914) |
Other | (1,363,955) | (12,303) | (1,323,777) |
Total | 8,512,000 | 4,036,939 | 958,802 |
(1) Under this concept the Company received cash flows amounting ThCh$ 5,419,700, ThCh$ 927,149 and ThCh$ 358,195 corresponding to 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectevily and these were recorded in the Consolidated Cash Flow Statement, under Operational activities, in line item Other cash movements.
Note 14 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalent balances were as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 | As of December 31, 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash | 12,712 | 12,708 | 16,242 |
Overnight deposits | 462,873 | 1,319,399 | 883,299 |
Bank balances | 42,370,367 | 30,853,126 | 29,614,669 |
Time deposits | 32,639,373 | 99,373,117 | 282,628,752 |
Investments in mutual funds | - | - | 503,838 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 117,068,914 | 83,216,526 | 95,206,467 |
Total | 192,554,239 | 214,774,876 | 408,853,267 |
The currency composition of cash and cash equivalents atDecember 31, 2015, is as follows:
| Chilean Peso | US Dollar | Euro | Argentine Peso | Uruguayan Peso | Paraguayan guarani | Others | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash | 10,675 | 39 | - | 1,998 | - | - | - | 12,712 |
Overnight deposits | - | 462,873 | - | - | - | - | - | 462,873 |
Bank balances | 21,964,295 | 4,922,732 | 955,840 | 5,699,756 | 948,816 | 7,519,619 | 359,309 | 42,370,367 |
Time deposits | 32,639,373 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 32,639,373 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 117,068,914 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 117,068,914 |
Total | 171,683,257 | 5,385,644 | 955,840 | 5,701,754 | 948,816 | 7,519,619 | 359,309 | 192,554,239 |
The currency composition of cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2014, is as follows:
| Chilean Peso | Unidad de Fomento | US Dollar | Euro | Argentine Peso | Uruguayan Peso | Paraguayan guarani | Others | Total |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash | 9,939 | - | 420 | - | 2,349 | - | - | - | 12,708 |
Overnight deposits | - | - | 1,319,399 | - | - | - | - | - | 1,319,399 |
Bank balances | 8,790,934 | - | 4,738,935 | 974,179 | 11,726,073 | 536,097 | 3,753,420 | 333,488 | 30,853,126 |
Time deposits | 90,962,579 | 8,410,538 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 99,373,117 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 83,216,526 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 83,216,526 |
Total | 182,979,978 | 8,410,538 | 6,058,754 | 974,179 | 11,728,422 | 536,097 | 3,753,420 | 333,488 | 214,774,876 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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The currency composition of cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2013, is as follows:
| Chilean Peso | Unidad de Fomento | US Dollar | Euro | Argentine Peso | Uruguayan Peso | Paraguayan guarani | Others | Total |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash | 6,446 | - | 42 | - | 1,217 | 8,537 | - | - | 16,242 |
Overnight deposits | - | - | 883,299 | - | - | - | - | - | 883,299 |
Bank balances | 24,559,899 | - | 695,292 | 1,718,676 | 1,730,671 | 545,378 | - | 364,753 | 29,614,669 |
Time deposits | 282,628,752 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 282,628,752 |
Investments in mutual funds | 503,838 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 503,838 |
Securities purchased under resale agreements | 95,206,467 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 95,206,467 |
Total | 402,905,402 | - | 1,578,633 | 1,718,676 | 1,731,888 | 553,915 | - | 364,753 | 408,853,267 |
The total accumulated cash flows paid in business combinations and acquisitions of associates are as follows:
| | For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Total disbursements for business acquisition | | | | | |
Cash flows used in the purchase of non-controlling interests | (1) | 1,921,245 | 13,776,885 | | - |
Other payments to acquire interests in joint ventures | (2) | 42,163,032 | 1,445,478 | | - |
Cash flows used for control of subsidaries or other businesses | | - | 8,369 | (3) | 14,566,278 |
Payments for changes in ownership interests in subsidaries | | - | - | (4) | 5,627,425 |
Total | | 44,084,277 | 15,230,732 | 20,193,703 |
(1) Corresponds to an increased of capital made in 2015 and the acquisitions made during 2014 of 34% of Bebidas Bolivianas S.A.
(2) Corresponds to pay of 50% of the acquisitions of Bebidas Carozzi CCU SpA. and to an increased of capital made in 2015 and 2014 of Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S.
(3) Corresponds to the purchase of Bebidas del Paraguay S.A., Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. and a pay of outstanding balance related to the acquisition in Manantial S.A. and Compañía Pisquera Bauzá S.A. in 2013.
(4) Corresponds to additionally percentage of acquisition in VSPT (Note 1) in 2013.
Note 15Accounts receivables – Trade and other receivables
The accounts receivables – trade and other receivables were as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Accounts receivables: | | |
Chile reportable segment | 88,332,401 | 87,979,118 |
International business segment operation | 52,591,935 | 50,498,496 |
Wines reportable segment | 43,333,189 | 38,575,440 |
Total Others reportable segment(1) | 47,871,339 | 43,083,819 |
Others accounts receivables | 24,033,944 | 21,619,152 |
Impairment loss estimate | (3,936,871) | (3,153,132) |
Total | 252,225,937 | 238,602,893 |
(1) Primarlly includes Comercial CCU S.A. which makes sales multiclass on behalf of Cervecera CCU Chile, ECUSA, CPCh, VSPT and FOODs.
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The Company’s accounts receivable are denominated in the following currencies:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chilean Peso | 158,757,937 | 151,677,364 |
Argentine Peso | 48,535,814 | 46,140,278 |
US Dollar | 25,498,590 | 19,030,421 |
Euro | 7,463,166 | 10,038,934 |
Unidad de Fomento | 7,102 | 2,021 |
Uruguayan Pesos | 4,074,908 | 4,519,676 |
Paraguayan guarani | 6,111,636 | 5,477,622 |
Others currencies | 1,776,784 | 1,716,577 |
Total | 252,225,937 | 238,602,893 |
The detail of the accounts receivable maturities as ofDecember 31, 2015, is as follows:
| Total | Current balance | Overdue balances |
0 to 3 months | 3 to 6 months | 6 to 12 months | More than 12 months |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Accounts receivables: | | | | | | |
Chile reportable segment | 88,332,401 | 80,543,609 | 6,601,090 | 421,928 | 298,999 | 466,775 |
International business segment operation | 52,591,935 | 45,600,898 | 5,839,178 | 226,648 | 321,512 | 603,699 |
Wines reportable segment | 43,333,189 | 40,022,791 | 2,715,939 | 193,781 | 299,921 | 100,757 |
Total Others reportable segment(1) | 47,871,339 | 43,481,018 | 3,507,731 | 237,742 | 212,994 | 431,854 |
Others accounts receivables | 24,033,944 | 22,204,897 | 370,715 | 982,963 | 475,369 | - |
Sub-Total | 256,162,808 | 231,853,213 | 19,034,653 | 2,063,062 | 1,608,795 | 1,603,085 |
Impairment loss estimate | (3,936,871) | - | (888,274) | (280,839) | (1,168,592) | (1,599,166) |
Total | 252,225,937 | 231,853,213 | 18,146,379 | 1,782,223 | 440,203 | 3,919 |
(1) Primarlly includes Comercial CCU S.A. which makes sales multiclass on behalf of Cervecera CCU Chile, ECUSA, CPCh, VSPT and FOODs.
The detail of the accounts receivable maturities as of December 31, 2014, is as follows:
| Total | Current balance | Overdue balances |
| 0 to 3 months | 3 to 6 months | 6 to 12 months | More than 12 months |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Accounts receivables: | | | | | | |
Chile reportable segment | 87,979,118 | 81,335,105 | 5,453,180 | 485,827 | 325,316 | 379,690 |
International business segment operation | 50,498,496 | 41,505,514 | 7,058,969 | 791,980 | 289,994 | 852,039 |
Wines reportable segment | 38,575,440 | 33,384,725 | 4,696,632 | 187,721 | 150,061 | 156,301 |
Total Others reportable segment (1) | 43,083,819 | 38,808,700 | 3,218,244 | 212,767 | 230,855 | 613,253 |
Others accounts receivables | 21,619,152 | 19,689,147 | 663,317 | 1,266,688 | - | - |
Sub-Total | 241,756,025 | 214,723,191 | 21,090,342 | 2,944,983 | 996,226 | 2,001,283 |
Impairment loss estimate | (3,153,132) | - | (608,126) | (285,728) | (505,187) | (1,754,091) |
Total | 238,602,893 | 214,723,191 | 20,482,216 | 2,659,255 | 491,039 | 247,192 |
(1) Primarlly includes Comercial CCU S.A. which makes sales multiclass on behalf of Cervecera CCU Chile, ECUSA, CPCh, VSPT and FOODs.
The Company markets its products through retail, wholesale clients, chains and supermarkets. As ofDecember 31, 2015, the accounts receivable from the three most important supermarket chains in Chile and Argentina represent 29.1% (29.2% in 2014) of the total accounts receivable.
F-53
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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As indicated in the Risk management note (Note 5), for Credit Risk purposes, the Company acquires credit insurance policies to cover approximately 90% of the accounts receivable balances. For this reason, management estimates that it does not require establishing allowances for further deterioration, in addition to those already constituted based on an aging analysis of these balances.
Regarding amounts aged more than 6 months and for which no allowances have been constituted, they correspond mainly to amounts already covered by the credit insurance policies. In addition, there are amounts overdue within ranges for which, in accordance with current policies are only partially impaired for, based on a case by case analysis.
The movement of the impairment losses provision for accounts receivable is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Balance at the beginning of year | 3,153,132 | 4,506,069 |
Impairment estimate for accounts receivable | 1,883,258 | 346,606 |
Uncollectible accounts | (264,618) | (914,016) |
Release of unused provisions | (557,106) | (680,950) |
Effect of translation into presentation currency | (277,795) | (104,577) |
Total | 3,936,871 | 3,153,132 |
F-54
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 16Accounts and transactions with related companies
Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries occur in the normal course of operations and have been eliminated during the consolidation process.
The amounts indicated as transactions in the following table relate to trade operations with related companies, which are under similar terms than what a third party would get respect to price and payment conditions. There are no uncollectible estimates decreasing accounts receivable or guarantees provided to related companies.
Balances and transactions with related companies consist of the following:
(1) Business operations agreed upon in Chilean Pesos. Companies not under a current trade account agreement not accrue interest and have payment terms of 30 days.
(2) Business operations agreed upon in Chilean Pesos. The remaining balance accrues interest at 90-days active bank rate (TAB) plus an annual spread. Interests is paid or charged against the trade current account.
(3) Business operations in foreign currencies, not covered by a current trade account, that do not accrue interest and have payment terms of 30 days. Balances are presented at the closing exchange rate.
(4) An agreement between the subsidiary Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. with Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui and Limarí Ltda. due to differences resulting from the contributions made by the latter. It establishes a 3% annual interest over capital, with annual payments to be made in eight instalments of UF 1,124 each. Beginning February 28, 2007 and UF 9,995 bullet payment at the last contribution date. In accordance with the contract,Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui and Limari Ltda.renew the contract for a period of ten years. Consequently, the UF 9,995 will pay in ten instalments of UF 1,162 each one, beginning February 28, 2015.
(5) An agreement of grape supply between the subsidiary Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. with Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limarí Ltda. These contracts stipulate a 3% annual interest on the capital, with a term of eight years, and annual payments due on May 31, 2018.
The transaction schedule includes all the transactions made with related parties.
The detail of the accounts receivable and payable from related companies as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, is as follows:
F-55
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Accounts receivable from related companies
Current:
Tax ID | Company | Country of origin | Ref. | Relationship | Transaction | Currency | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
0-E | Bebidas Bolivianas SA | Bolivia | (1) | Associated | Sales of products | USD | 78,810 | - |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | USD | - | 43,428 |
0-E | Pepsi Cola Panamericana S.R.L | Perú | (1) | Related to the joint venture | Sales of products | USD | 1,149 | - |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 126,435 | 179,284 |
96.571.220-8 | Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 1,073 | - |
96.819.020-2 | Agrícola El Cerrito S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 30 | - |
87.938.700-0 | Agroproductos Bauza y Cía Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Related joint operating | Sales of products | CLP | 10,297 | - |
93.920.000-2 | Antofagasta Minerals S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 4,198 | - |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Sales of products | CLP | 29,502 | 235,683 |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Billed services | CLP | - | 15,391 |
77.051.330-8 | Cervecería Kunstmann Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 142,789 | 142,957 |
90.160.000-7 | Cia. Sud Americana de Vapores S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 522 | - |
77.755.610-K | Comercial Patagona Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture subsidiary | Sales of products | CLP | 738,270 | 1,573,306 |
77.755.610-K | Comercial Patagona Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture subsidiary | Rental of cranes | CLP | 2,875 | 2,191 |
90.081.000-8 | Compañía Chilena de Fósforos S.A. | Chile | (1) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Sales of products | CLP | 5,651 | 2,978 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Advance purchase | CLP | 1,054,917 | 1,055,714 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Sales of products | CLP | 24,027 | 60,673 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (4) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Loan | U.F. | 29,589 | 29,602 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (5) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Supply contract | U.F. | 74,529 | 71,616 |
96.591.040-9 | Empresas Carozzi S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related joint venture | Sales of products | CLP | 301,882 | - |
92.011.000-2 | Empresa Nacional de Energia ENEX S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Supply contract | CLP | 2,136 | - |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Sales of products | CLP | 358,428 | 841,647 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Transport service | CLP | 881,499 | 433,647 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (2) | Joint venture | Remittance send | CLP | - | 6,108,351 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (2) | Joint venture | Interests | CLP | 219,647 | 362,790 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Sales Service | CLP | 118,292 | 128,430 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Shared service | CLP | 182,822 | 238,980 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Collection service | CLP | 49,646 | - |
96.847.140-6 | Inmobiliaria Norte Verde S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 40 | - |
96.427.000-7 | Inversiones y Rentas S.A. | Chile | (1) | Controller | Sales of products | CLP | 12,664 | 9,330 |
96.536.010-7 | Inversiones Consolidadas Limitadas | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 1,409 | - |
76.029.109-9 | Inversiones Chile Chico Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Billing services | CLP | 5,353 | - |
94.625.000-7 | Inversiones Enex S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 203,349 | - |
99.525.700-9 | Las Margaritas S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 47 | - |
91.021.000-9 | Madeco S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 3,723 | 3,683 |
78.780.780-1 | Operaciones y servicios Enex Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 90,323 | - |
76.028.758-K | Norgistics Chile S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 110 | - |
91.705.000-7 | Quiñenco S.A. | Chile | (1) | Shareholder Controller | Sales of products | CLP | 3,070 | - |
96.645.790-2 | Socofin S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Sales of products | CLP | 10 | - |
76.178.803-5 | Viña Tabalí S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Billing services | CLP | 29,817 | 79,437 |
Total | | | | | | | 4,788,930 | 11,619,118 |
Non Current:
Tax ID | Company | Country of origin | Ref. | Relationship | Transaction | Currency | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (4) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Loan | U.F. | 209,330 | 223,980 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | (5) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Supply contract | U.F. | 236,608 | 298,973 |
Total | | | | | | | 445,938 | 522,953 |
F-56
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Accounts payable to related companies
Current:
Tax ID | Company | Country of origin | Ref. | Relationship | Transaction | Currency | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | License and technical asssintance | Euros | 6,568,594 | 3,354,448 |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | Euros | 307,118 | 1,009,856 |
0-E | Heineken Nederland Supply | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | License and technical asssintance | Euros | 37,772 | - |
0-E | Heineken supply chain B.V. | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | Euros | 11,647 | - |
0-E | Amstel Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | (3) | Related to the controller | License and technical asssintance | Euros | 246,334 | 121,854 |
0-E | Tabacos del Paraguay S.A. | Paraguay | (3) | Related to the controller | Marketing services | PYG | - | 13,051 |
0-E | Nestle Waters Marketing & Distribution | Francia | (3) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | Euros | 21,861 | - |
0-E | Nestle Waters Management & Tecnology | Francia | (3) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | Euros | 12,191 | - |
0-E | Pespsi-cola manufacturi co.of uruguay SRL | Uruguay | (3) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | USD | 151,578 | - |
87.938.700-0 | Agroproductos Bauza y Cía. Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Related joint venture | Purchase of products | CLP | - | 31,199 |
99.540.870-8 | Aguas de Antofagasta S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Water service | CLP | 36,879 | - |
89.010.400-2 | Alusa Chile S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | CLP | 437,884 | - |
84.898.000-5 | Alusa S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | CLP | - | 73,233 |
78.105.460-7 | Alimentos Nutrabien S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Purchase of products | CLP | 212 | 314 |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Billing services | CLP | 2,431 | 4,504 |
76.115.132-0 | Canal 13 S.P.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Marketing services | CLP | 21,100 | 170,091 |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Purchase of products | CLP | 414,400 | 1,232,609 |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Royalty paid | CLP | - | 45,687 |
77.051.330-8 | Cervecería Kunstmann Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Purchase of products | CLP | 15,707 | 6,400 |
77.755.610-K | Comercial Patagona Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture subsidiary | Marketing services | CLP | 24,694 | 22,810 |
90.160.000-7 | Compañía Sud Americana de Vapores S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Transport service | CLP | - | 2,928 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Purchase of products | CLP | 63,212 | 158,744 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Discount of transport | CLP | - | 11,883 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | (1) | Joint venture | Consignation sales | CLP | 2,015,613 | 2,801,544 |
78.259.420-6 | Inversiones PFI Chile Ltda. | Chile | (1) | Shareholders of subsidiary | Purchase of products | CLP | 1,195,665 | 1,116,372 |
96.798.520-1 | Saam Extraportuarios S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Transport service | CLP | 17 | - |
94.058.000-5 | Servicios Aeroportuarios Aerosan S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Transport service | CLP | 193 | - |
92.048.000-4 | Sudamericana Agencias Aéreas y Maritimas S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Transport service | CLP | - | 231 |
96.689.310-9 | Transbank S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Commission | CLP | 25,911 | 54 |
76.178.803-5 | Viña Tabalí S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related to the controller | Collect of customers | CLP | - | 37,185 |
92.236.000-6 | Watt´s S.A. | Chile | (1) | Related joint venture | Purchase of products | CLP | 13,205 | 67,315 |
Total | | | | | | | 11,624,218 | 10,282,312 |
F-57
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Most significant transactions and effects on results:
The following are the most significant transactions with related entities that are not subsidiaries of the Company and their effect on the Consolidated Statement of Income:
Tax ID | Company | Country of origin | Relationship | Transaction | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
Amounts | (Charges)/Credits (Effect on Income) | Amounts | (Charges)/Credits (Effect on Income) | Amounts | (Charges)/Credits (Effect on Income) |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
0-E | Bebidas Bolivianas S.A. | Bolivia | Associated | Sales of products | 209,292 | 79,531 | - | - | - | - |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | Related to the controller | Billing services | 27,904 | (27,904) | 95,533 | (95,533) | 58,343 | (58,343) |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | 71,107 | - | 295,899 | - | 225,145 | - |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | Related to the controller | Sales of products | - | - | 208,932 | 79,394 | 244,804 | 93,026 |
0-E | Heineken Brouwerijen B.V. | Holanda | Related to the controller | License and technical asssintance | 9,331,241 | (9,331,241) | 6,338,435 | (6,338,435) | 6,990,715 | (6,990,715) |
0-E | Heineken Italia Spa | Italia | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | - | - | - | - | 40,025 | - |
0-E | Nestle Waters Argentina S.A. | Argentina | Shareholders of subsidiary | License and technical asssintance | - | - | - | - | 1,350 | (1,350) |
0-E | Nestle Waters S.A. | Italia | Shareholders of subsidiary | Royalty paid | 308,527 | (308,527) | 204,010 | (204,010) | 155,839 | (155,839) |
96.956.680-K | Alusa S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | 2,665,007 | - | 1,562,351 | - | 1,427,550 | - |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Transport service | 452,384 | (452,384) | 356,432 | (356,432) | 72,005 | (72,005) |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Sales of products | 39,148 | 25,446 | 60,472 | 21,165 | 30,865 | 10,803 |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Derivatives | 105,973,453 | 1,708,487 | 2,595,060 | (1,637) | 9,358,500 | 3,158 |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Investments | 423,550,000 | 770,364 | 181,200,794 | 1,427,444 | 111,695,000 | 366,198 |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Interests | 316,411 | (316,411) | 387,547 | (387,547) | 258,196 | (258,196) |
97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | Related to the controller | Leasing paid | 123,316 | (23,901) | 224,872 | (24,155) | 140,033 | (24,680) |
96.571.220-8 | Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Investments | 944,450,000 | 583,333 | 315,790,000 | 797,953 | 205,902,500 | 368,684 |
96.571.220-9 | Banchile Corredores de Bolsa S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Commissions | - | - | - | - | 577,994 | (577,994) |
76.115.132-0 | Canal 13 S.P.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Marketing services | 1,554,332 | (405,349) | 3,318,107 | (1,196,948) | 4,397,642 | (2,078,401) |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Sales of products | 36,560 | 23,764 | 315,650 | 126,260 | 293,194 | 117,278 |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Royalty paid | 425,164 | (425,164) | 389,655 | (389,655) | 340,706 | (340,706) |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Royalty charged | - | - | 30,694 | 30,694 | 47,265 | 47,265 |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Purchase of products | 4,776,140 | - | 3,525,715 | - | 2,703,252 | - |
96.919.980-7 | Cervecería Austral S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Billing services | 425,165 | 425,165 | 231,038 | 231,038 | 205,076 | 205,076 |
77.051.330-8 | Cervecería Kunstmann Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Sales of products | 405,652 | 324,522 | 317,990 | 254,392 | 265,054 | 212,043 |
77.051.330-8 | Cervecería Kunstmann Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Billing services | 77,166 | 77,166 | 23,335 | 23,335 | 174,871 | 174,871 |
77.755.610-K | Comercial Patagona Ltda. | Chile | Joint venture subsidiary | Marketing services | 279,401 | (279,401) | 225,128 | (225,128) | 208,191 | (208,191) |
77.755.610-K | Comercial Patagona Ltda. | Chile | Joint venture subsidiary | Sales of products | 2,679,985 | 1,098,794 | 1,410,939 | 578,485 | 1,998,700 | 819,468 |
79.985.340-K | Cervecera Valdivia S.A. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Dividends paid | 489,942 | - | 511,172 | - | 523,063 | - |
76.029.691-0 | Comarca S.A. | Chile | Related subsidiary | Access fee | - | - | - | - | 1,313,475 | - |
90.081.000-8 | Compañía Chilena de Fósforo S.A. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Dividends paid | 4,055,034 | - | 1,637,775 | - | 1,134,431 | - |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Loan | 29,589 | 5,827 | 27,681 | 7,975 | 26,200 | 8,092 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Supply contract | 74,529 | 8,487 | 71,616 | 11,411 | 67,784 | 12,456 |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Purchase of grape | 6,226,156 | - | 5,027,758 | - | 8,251,401 | - |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Dividends paid | 791,836 | - | 617,964 | - | 774,087 | - |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Billing services | 181,437 | 181,437 | - | - | - | - |
81.805.700-8 | Cooperativa Agrícola Control Pisquero de Elqui y Limari Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Sales of products | 8,071 | 6,457 | - | - | - | - |
89.602.300-4 | Csav Austral Spa | Chile | Related to the controller | Transport service | 122,991 | (122,991) | 81,743 | (81,743) | - | - |
76.173.468-7 | Fondo de Inversión Privado Mallorca | Chile | Related subsidiary | Remaining amount of shares | - | - | - | - | 1,529,715 | - |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Interests | 287,243 | 287,243 | 363,945 | 363,945 | 334,899 | 334,899 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Remittance send | 27,189,651 | - | 31,144,541 | - | 22,938,115 | - |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Remittances received | 33,298,001 | - | 31,367,766 | - | 24,353,351 | - |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Billing services | 7,633,582 | 7,633,582 | 6,990,442 | 6,990,442 | 4,901,800 | 4,901,800 |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Purchase of products | 30,209 | - | 430,381 | (430,381) | 345,267 | (345,267) |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Consignation sales | 24,067,498 | - | 23,303,360 | - | 13,523,940 | - |
99.542.980-2 | Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | Chile | Joint venture | Sales of products | 13,540 | 6,223 | 15,097 | 9,511 | 16,926 | 12,981 |
76.173.468-7 | Fondo de Inversión Privado Mallorca | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Billing services | - | - | 17,172 | - | 60,053 | - |
92.011.000-2 | Empresa Nacional de Energia Enex S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Billing services | 170,878 | (170,878) | - | - | - | - |
76.313.970-0 | Inversiones Irsa LTDA. | Chile | Controller | Billing services | 4,089,832 | - | - | - | - | - |
78.259.420-6 | Inversiones PFI Chile Ltda. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Purchase of products | 3,161,063 | - | 7,147,674 | - | - | - |
96.657.690-7 | Inversiones Punta Brava S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Sales of products | 1,587 | 1,270 | - | - | - | - |
96.427.000-7 | Inversiones y Rentas S.A. | Chile | Controller | Billing services | 31,777,378 | - | 32,701,972 | - | 35,285,513 | - |
96.427.000-7 | Inversiones y Rentas S.A. | Chile | Controller | Office rental | 11,006 | 11,006 | 10,539 | 10,539 | 10,174 | 10,174 |
90.703.000-8 | Nestle Chile S.A. | Chile | Shareholders of subsidiary | Billing services | 2,704,376 | - | 2,581,736 | - | 2,442,310 | - |
78.780.780-1 | Operaciones y Servicios Enex LTDA. | Chile | Related to the controller | Sales of products | 328,256 | 262,605 | - | - | - | - |
91.705.000-7 | Quiñenco S.A. | Chile | Shareholder controller | Sales of products | 14,509 | 11,607 | - | - | - | - |
79.903.790-4 | Soc. Agrícola y Ganadera Río Negro Ltda. | Chile | Related to the controller | Purchase of products | - | - | - | - | 162,772 | - |
96.689.310-9 | Transbank S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Commission | 45,756 | (45,756) | 26,585 | (26,585) | - | - |
76.178.803-5 | Viña Tabalí S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Billing services | 50,787 | 50,787 | 64,321 | 64,321 | 47,440 | 47,440 |
76.178.803-5 | Viña Tabalí S.A. | Chile | Related to the controller | Sales of fixed assets | - | - | 15,306 | 15,306 | - | - |
| | | | | | | | | | |
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Remuneration of the Management key employees
The Company is managed by a Board of Directors comprised of 9 members, each of whom is in office for a 3-year term and may be re-elected.
The Board was appointed at the Ordinary Shareholders´ Meeting held on April 10, 2013, being elected Messrs. Andrónico Luksic Craig, Pablo Granifo Lavín, Carlos Molina Solís, John Nicolson, Manuel José Noguera Eyzaguirre, Philippe Pasquet, Francisco Pérez Mackenna, Jorge Luis Ramos Santos and Vittorio Corbo Lioi, who is independent, according to article 50 bis of Law Nº18,046. The Chairman and the Vice Chairman, as well as the members of the Audit Committee were appointed at the Board of Directors´ meeting held on April 10, 2013. At the same meeting, and according to article 50 bis of Law N° 18,046, the independent Director Mr. Vittorio Corbo Lioi appointed the other members of the Directors Committee, which is composed of Directors Messrs. Pérez, Pasquet and Corbo. Additionally, Messrs. Corbo and Pasquet were appointed as members of the Audit Committee, both meeting the independence criteria under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the New York Stock Exchange Rules (the “SoX Regulation”). The Board of Directors also resolved that Directors Messrs. Pérez and Ramos shall participate in the Audit Committee´s meetings as observers.
Due to the resignation of Mr. Manuel José Noguera Eyzaguirre and Philippe Pasquet to their position as director of the Company, both effective as of June 30, 2015, at the Board of Directors Meeting held on July 7, 2015, Messrs. Didier Debrosse and Rodrigo Hinzpeter Kirberg were appointed as Directors, until the next Ordinary Shareholders´ Meeting, as permitted by Article 32 of Law N°18,046.
Furthermore, at that same Board meeting, the independent Director Mr. Vittorio Corbo Lioi appointed Director Mr. Jorge Luis Ramos Santos as a member of the Directors Committee, in place of Mr. Philippe Pasquet, as required by art. 50 bis of Law N°18,046 and Regulation N°1956 of 2009 of the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros (“SVS”). Therefore the Directors Committee is currently composed by Messrs. Vittorio Corbo Lioi, Francisco Pérez and Jorge Luis Ramos Santos.
Director Jorge Luis Ramos Santos was appointed at the June 7, 2015 Board of Directors´ meeting, as a member of the Audit Committee, in place of Mr. Pasquet. Also at the same meeting, Director Carlos Molina Solis was appointed as an observer of the Audit Committee. Therefore, the Audit Committee is currently composed by the Directors. Vittorio Corbo Lioi and Jorge Luis Ramos Santos, who met the independence requirements as set out in the SOX Regulation, and Directors. Francisco Pérez Mackenna and Carlos Molina Solis participate in the Audit Committee’s meetings on an observer status.
As agreed to at the Ordinary Shareholders´ Meeting held on April 15, 2015, the Directors’ remuneration for their attendance at each meeting was fixed in UF 100 per Director, and UF 200 for the Chairman, plus an amount equivalent to 3% of the distributed dividends, for the whole Board, at a rate of one-ninth for each Director and in proportion to the time each one served as such during the year 2015. If the distributed dividends exceed 50% of the net profits, the Board of Directors’ variable remuneration shall be calculated over a maximum 50% of such profits.
Those Directors that are members of the Directors Committee receive a remuneration of UF 34 for each meeting they attend, plus the amount that, as the percentage of the dividends, is required to complete one third of the total remuneration a Director is entitled to, pursuant to article 50 bis of Law Nº 18,046 and Regulation N° 1956 of the SVS. Directors that are members of the Audit Committee receive a monthly remuneration of UF 25.
According to the above, as ofDecember 31, 2015, the Directors received ThCh$ 2,657,132 (ThCh$ 2,746,921 in 2014 and ThCh$ 2,461,403 in 2013) in per diems and shares. In addition, ThCh$ 141,283 (ThCh$ 117,342 in 2014 and ThCh$ 109,981 in 2013) were paid in compensation for gains sharing to the main executives of the Parent Company.
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The following is the total remuneration received by the top officers of the Parent Company during the years ended as ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Salaries | 6,441,196 | 5,212,395 |
Employees’ short-term benefits | 1,897,823 | 2,620,769 |
Employments termination benefits | 331,022 | 3,107,575 |
Total | 8,670,041 | 10,940,739 |
The Company grants annual discretionary and variable bonuses to the top officers, which are not subject to an agreement and are decided on the basis of the compliance with individual and corporate goals and depending on the year results.
Note 17Inventories
The inventory balances were as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Finished products | 50,873,881 | 56,873,874 |
In process products | 1,828,386 | 1,568,879 |
Raw material | 113,716,967 | 103,535,487 |
In transit raw material | 3,707,440 | 553,972 |
Materials and products | 5,926,122 | 7,602,904 |
Realizable net value estimate and obsolescence | (1,825,381) | (2,589,518) |
Total | 174,227,415 | 167,545,598 |
The Company wrote off a total of ThCh$ 2,057,246, ThCh$ 1,033,337 and ThCh$ 1,495,381 relating to inventory shrinkage and obsolescence for the year endedDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Additionally, an estimate for obsolescence inventories include amounts related to low turnover, technical obsolescence and product recalls from the market.
Movement of Realizable net value and obsolescence estimate is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
|
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Initial balance | (2,589,518) | (1,286,695) |
Inventories write-down estimation | (1,469,233) | (2,682,310) |
Inventories recognised as an expense | 2,057,704 | 1,369,096 |
Business combination effect | 175,666 | 10,391 |
Total | (1,825,381) | (2,589,518) |
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company does not have any inventory pledged as guarantee against financial obligations.
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Note 18Biological current assets
The Company recorded under Biological current assets the agricultural activities (grapes) derived from production of plantations that will be destined to be an input to the following process of the wine production.
The costs associated to the agricultural activities (grapes) are accumulated to the harvest date.
The valuation of Biological current assets is described inNote 2.10.
The movement of Biological current assets were as follows:
| Total |
| ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | |
Historic cost | 6,130,652 |
Book Value | 6,130,652 |
| |
As of December 31, 2014 | |
Additions | 16,886,294 |
Decreases due to the harvest | (15,383,355) |
Book Value | 7,633,591 |
| |
As of December 31, 2014 | |
Historic cost | 7,633,591 |
Book Value | 7,633,591 |
| |
As of December 31, 2015 | |
Additions | 18,192,939 |
Decreases due to the harvest | (18,193,190) |
Book Value | 7,633,340 |
| |
As of December 31, 2015 | |
Historic cost | 7,633,340 |
Book Value | 7,633,340 |
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Note 19 Other non-financial assets
The Company maintained the following other non-financial assets:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Insurance paid | 3,512,317 | 2,841,121 |
Advertising | 7,474,579 | 7,885,301 |
Advances to suppliers | 7,438,102 | 9,098,153 |
Guarantees paid | 328,242 | 318,105 |
Consumables | 526,645 | 453,548 |
Dividends receivable | 150,343 | 36,044 |
Recoverable taxes (1) | 1,303,925 | 1,610,979 |
Stock rights (2) | 21,846,500 | - |
Other | 2,141,174 | 2,144,091 |
Total | 44,721,827 | 24,387,342 |
Current | 17,654,373 | 18,558,445 |
Non current | 27,067,454 | 5,828,897 |
Total | 44,721,827 | 24,387,342 |
(1) Correspond to a minimum presumed income tax and an exporter credit of the subsidiaries in Argentine.
(2)See Note 1.
Note 20Investments accounted for by the equity method
Joint ventures and Associates
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded investments qualifying as joint venture and associates.
The share value of the investments in joint ventures and associates is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cervecería Austral S.A. (1) | 5,043,071 | 4,957,494 |
Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. (2) | 11,582,085 | 12,837,774 |
Bebidas Bolivianas S.A. (3) | 14,276,937 | 12,757,874 |
Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S. (4) | 18,718,832 | 1,445,478 |
Other companies | 374,338 | - |
Total | 49,995,263 | 31,998,620 |
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The above mentioned values include the goodwill generated through the acquisition of the following joint ventures, which are presented net of any impairment loss:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cervecería Austral S.A. | 1,894,770 | 1,894,770 |
Bebidas Bolivianas S.A. | 9,581,614 | 8,186,271 |
Total | 11,476,384 | 10,081,041 |
The results accrued in joint ventures and associates are as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cervecería Austral S.A. | 247,180 | 157,836 | 221,662 |
Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A. | (1,251,392) | (16,476) | 87,100 |
Bebidas Bolivianas S.A. | (1,557,886) | (1,039,967) | - |
Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S. | (2,668,179) | - | - |
Other companies | 2,142 | - | - |
Total | (5,228,135) | (898,607) | 308,762 |
Changes in investments in joint ventures and associates during such periods are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Balance at the beginning of year | 31,998,620 | 17,563,028 |
Business combination effect | 23,387,006 | 15,222,363 |
Participation in the joint ventures and associates (losses) | (5,228,135) | (898,607) |
Dividends received | (150,343) | (39,096) |
Other changes | (11,885) | 150,932 |
Total | 49,995,263 | 31,998,620 |
Following are the significant matters regarding the investments accounted by the equity method:
(1) Cervecería Austral S.A.
A closed stock company that operates a beer manufacturing facility in the southern end of Chile, being the southernmost brewery in the world.
(2)Foods Compañía de Alimentos CCU S.A.
A closed stock company devoted to the production and marketing of food products such as like cookies and other baked goods, caramels, candy and cereal, among others.
On November 26, 2015, Foods signed an agreement of sale with Empresas Carozzi S.A., under which the first sold to the second machinery, equipment and brands related to products marketed under the brands Natur and Calaf. The amount of this transaction was ThCh$ 14,931,000 and CCU recognized a net loss after taxes for an amount of ThCh$ 1,034,638, corresponding to their participation.
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(3) Bebidas Bolivianas S.A.
On May 7, 2014, the Company acquired 34% of the stock rights of Bebidas Bolivianas S.A. a Bolivian and a closed stock company that produces soft drinks and beers in three plants located in Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Nuestra Señora de la Paz cities.The amount of this transaction was ThCh$ 13,776,885. On December 9, 2015, the Company paid an increased of capital for an amount of USD 2,720,000 (equivalents to ThCh$ 1,921,244).
(4) Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S.
On November 10, 2014, CCU, directly and through its subsidiaries CCU Inversiones II Limitada, and Postobón have established a joint arrangements through a company named Central Cervecera de Colombia S.A.S. (the "Company"), in which CCU and Postobón participate as equal shareholders. The purpose of this Company is the beer and non-alcoholic drinks production, marketing and distribution based on malt. The Parties will invest in the Company an approximate amount of US$ 400,000,000, following a gradual investment plan conditioned to the fulfillment of certain milestones. At the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements CCU Inversiones II Limitada paid US$ 33,901,562.11 (US$ 2,411,019.21 in 2014). The partnership involves the construction of a beer production plant, with an annual total capacity of 3,000,000 hectoliters.
The summarized financial information of these companies as ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, appears in detail inNote 7.
The Company does not have any contingent liabilities related to joint ventures and associates as ofDecember 31, 2015.
The figures for each entity 100% of each in summary form are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 | As of December 31, 2013 |
Joint Ventures | Associated | Joint Ventures | Associated | Joint Ventures |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Net sales | 59,187,508 | 18,310,272 | 46,399,652 | 8,470,716 | 31,261,730 |
Operating result | (6,796,020) | (4,039,249) | 212,503 | (2,882,721) | 238,819 |
Net income for year | (6,803,143) | (4,573,734) | (392,427) | (2,920,431) | 620,549 |
Depreciation and amortization | (1,998,935) | (534,485) | (1,936,455) | 1,091,414 | (1,416,740) |
Current assets | 57,908,034 | 9,326,003 | 15,625,609 | 6,987,602 | 13,610,219 |
Non-current assets | 29,453,402 | 31,393,842 | 39,076,178 | 17,664,655 | 32,411,942 |
Current liabilities | 6,233,586 | 6,086,146 | 17,550,702 | 4,467,768 | 13,385,478 |
Non-current liabilities | 3,720,129 | 9,494,421 | 2,725,097 | 5,244,421 | 1,285,096 |
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Note 21 Intangible assets other than goodwill
The intangible assets movement during the years ended as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 was as follows:
| Trademarks | Software programs | Water rights | Distribution rights | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | | | | | |
Historic cost | 56,088,048 | 19,199,598 | 925,356 | 1,024,457 | 77,237,459 |
Accumulated amortization | - | (12,639,953) | - | (563,575) | (13,203,528) |
Book Value | 56,088,048 | 6,559,645 | 925,356 | 460,882 | 64,033,931 |
| | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | | | |
Additions | - | 2,292,555 | 988,783 | 21,933 | 3,303,271 |
Additions by business combination (1) | 3,658,167 | - | - | 568,666 | 4,226,833 |
Amortization of the year | - | (1,718,514) | - | (45,718) | (1,764,232) |
Effect of conversion amortization | - | 79,405 | - | 7,512 | 86,917 |
Conversion effect | (1,025,947) | (141,556) | - | (62,322) | (1,229,825) |
Book Value | 58,720,268 | 7,071,535 | 1,914,139 | 950,953 | 68,656,895 |
| | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | | | |
Historic cost | 58,720,268 | 21,353,252 | 1,914,139 | 1,046,487 | 83,034,146 |
Accumulated amortization | - | (14,281,717) | - | (95,534) | (14,377,251) |
Book Value | 58,720,268 | 7,071,535 | 1,914,139 | 950,953 | 68,656,895 |
| | | | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | | | |
Additions | - | 3,160,435 | - | 104,739 | 3,265,174 |
Transfers (2) | (3,266,332) | - | - | - | (3,266,332) |
Divestitures (amortization) | - | 3,748 | - | - | 3,748 |
Divestitures (cost) | - | (3,748) | - | - | (3,748) |
Amortization of the year | - | (1,814,784) | - | (126,877) | (1,941,661) |
Effect of conversion amortization | - | 164,652 | - | 22,210 | 186,862 |
Conversion effect | (2,235,479) | (297,814) | - | (247,219) | (2,780,512) |
Book Value | 53,218,457 | 8,284,024 | 1,914,139 | 703,806 | 64,120,426 |
| | | | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | | | |
Historic cost | 53,218,457 | 24,212,125 | 1,914,139 | 904,006 | 80,248,727 |
Accumulated amortization | - | (15,928,101) | - | (200,200) | (16,128,301) |
Book Value | 53,218,457 | 8,284,024 | 1,914,139 | 703,806 | 64,120,426 |
(1) SeeNote 8 –Business Combinations
(2) SeeNote 25 – Assets of disposal group held for sale
There are no restriction or any pledge against on intangible assets.
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The detail of the Trademarks appears below:
Segment | Cash Generating Unit | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
(CGU) | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile | Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. | 19,280,007 | 19,280,007 |
| Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 1,363,782 | 4,630,114 |
| Compañía Cerveceria Kunstmann S.A. | 286,518 | 286,518 |
| Sub-Total | 20,930,307 | 24,196,639 |
International Business | CCU Argentina S.A. and subsidiaries | 6,171,061 | 8,040,335 |
| Marzurel S.A., Coralina S.A. and Milotur S.A. | 2,932,762 | 3,079,360 |
| Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. | 3,440,608 | 3,658,167 |
| Sub-Total | 12,544,431 | 14,777,862 |
Wines | Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 19,743,719 | 19,745,767 |
| Sub-Total | 19,743,719 | 19,745,767 |
Total | | 53,218,457 | 58,720,268 |
Management has not identified any evidence of impairment of intangible assets. Respect to trademarks with indefinite useful life, used the same methodology which is designated inNote 22.
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Note 22Goodwill
The goodwill movements during the years ended as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 was as follows:
| Goodwill |
| ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | |
Historic cost | 81,872,847 |
Book Value | 81,872,847 |
| |
As of December 31, 2014 | |
Additions through business combination (1) | 5,566,003 |
Conversion effect | (658,947) |
Book Value | 86,779,903 |
| |
As of December 31, 2014 | |
Historic cost | 86,779,903 |
Book Value | 86,779,903 |
| |
As of December 31, 2015 | |
Transfers (2) | (2,856,245) |
Conversion effect | (623,085) |
Book Value | 83,300,573 |
| |
As of December 31, 2015 | |
Historic cost | 83,300,573 |
Book Value | 83,300,573 |
(1) SeeNote 8 –Business Combinations
(2) SeeNote 25 – Assets of disposal group held for sale
There are no restrictions or pledges against on goodwill.
Goodwill from investments acquired in business combinations is assigned as of the acquisition date to the Cash Generating Units (CGU), or group of CGUs that it is expected will benefit from the business combination synergies. The book value of the goodwill of the investments assigned to the CGUs inside the Company segments are:
Segment | Cash Generating Unit | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
(CGU) | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chile | Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. | 9,083,766 | 9,083,766 |
| Manantial S.A. | 8,879,245 | 8,879,245 |
| Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 9,808,550 | 12,664,795 |
| Los Huemules S.R.L. | 47,443 | 47,443 |
| Sub-Total | 27,819,004 | 30,675,249 |
International Business | CCU Argentina S.A. and subsidiaries | 8,864,697 | 11,557,934 |
| Marzurel S.A., Coralina S.A. and Milotur S.A. | 7,701,975 | 6,580,451 |
| Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. and Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. | 6,514,631 | 5,566,003 |
| Sub-Total | 23,081,303 | 23,704,388 |
Wines | Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 32,400,266 | 32,400,266 |
| Sub-Total | 32,400,266 | 32,400,266 |
Total | | 83,300,573 | 86,779,903 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Goodwill assigned to the CGU is submitted to impairment tests annually or with a higher frequency in case there are indications that any of the CGU could experience impairment. The recoverable amount of each CGU is determined as the higher of value in use or fair value less costs to sell. To determine the value in use, the Company has used cash flow projections over a 5-year span, based on the budgets and projections reviewed by the Management for the same term and with an average grown-rate of 3%. The rates used to discount the projected cash flows reflect the market assessment of the specific risks related to the corresponding CGU. The pre-tax discount rates used range from a 9.6% to 13.3%. Given the materiality of the amounts involved, it was not considered relevant to describe additional information in this Note. A reasonable change in assumptions would not result in an impairment to goodwill.
As December 31, 2015, the Company has not identified any evidence of impairment of goodwill.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 23Property, plant and equipment
The movement of Property, plant and equipment is as follows:
| Land, buildings and contruction | Machinery and equipment | Bottles and containers | Other Equipment | Assets under contruction and vines under formation | Furniture, accesories and vehicles | Assets under finance lease | Under production vines | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | | | | | | | | | |
Historic cost | 453,487,502 | 349,828,341 | 161,171,871 | 97,514,125 | 89,374,472 | 46,791,929 | 16,605,170 | 28,664,297 | 1,243,437,707 |
Accumulated depreciation | (123,108,099) | (218,430,772) | (85,972,361) | (68,502,303) | - | (33,715,569) | (2,240,127) | (12,812,047) | (544,781,278) |
Book Value | 330,379,403 | 131,397,569 | 75,199,510 | 29,011,822 | 89,374,472 | 13,076,360 | 14,365,043 | 15,852,250 | 698,656,429 |
| | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | | | | | | | |
Additions | - | - | - | - | 212,498,423 | - | - | - | 212,498,423 |
Additions of historic cost by business combintation | 10,427,012 | 12,835,099 | - | 3,418,895 | 36,673 | 1,183,127 | - | - | 27,900,806 |
Additions of acumulated depreciation by business combination | (1,389,726) | (7,479,822) | - | (1,432,178) | - | (976,481) | - | - | (11,278,207) |
Transfers | 100,881,784 | 36,903,635 | 31,891,992 | 16,780,869 | (198,536,632) | 10,054,122 | 214,720 | 1,809,510 | - |
Conversion effect historic cost | (3,282,317) | (4,921,609) | (4,702,605) | (1,528,664) | (318,097) | (230,044) | - | (20,437) | (15,003,773) |
Write off (cost) | (1,209,647) | (1,572,892) | (806,633) | (869,736) | - | (1,107,114) | (4,543) | (415,903) | (5,986,468) |
Write off (depreciation) | 1,662 | 1,413,756 | 788,331 | 868,292 | - | 880,419 | 2,310 | 231,641 | 4,186,411 |
Capitalized interests | 189,738 | 888,636 | - | - | (68,078) | - | - | - | 1,010,296 |
Depreciation | (13,108,407) | (17,346,363) | (18,438,461) | (7,772,824) | - | (5,888,407) | (435,795) | (1,179,010) | (64,169,267) |
Conversion effect depreciation | 360,239 | 1,784,979 | 1,700,078 | 850,194 | - | 184,539 | - | 42,677 | 4,922,706 |
Others increase (decreased) | (1,577,324) | 1,465,411 | 2,208,005 | (643,234) | (567,720) | 28,620 | (392,983) | - | 520,775 |
Transfers to Investment Property (cost) | (534,384) | - | - | - | (559,440) | - | - | - | (1,093,824) |
Transfers to Investment Property (depreciation) | 12,590 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 12,590 |
Divestitures (cost) | (912,917) | (8,793,380) | (751,727) | (2,887,307) | - | (525,145) | (7,538) | - | (13,878,014) |
Divestitures (depreciation) | 424,428 | 8,619,785 | 694,205 | 2,761,160 | - | 451,775 | 5,406 | - | 12,956,759 |
Book Value | 420,662,134 | 155,194,804 | 87,782,695 | 38,557,289 | 101,859,601 | 17,131,771 | 13,746,620 | 16,320,728 | 851,255,642 |
| | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | | | | | | | |
Historic cost | 557,500,819 | 388,454,274 | 189,538,674 | 111,860,840 | 101,859,601 | 56,290,001 | 16,367,167 | 30,037,467 | 1,451,908,843 |
Accumulated depreciation | (136,838,685) | (233,259,470) | (101,755,979) | (73,303,551) | - | (39,158,230) | (2,620,547) | (13,716,739) | (600,653,201) |
Book Value | 420,662,134 | 155,194,804 | 87,782,695 | 38,557,289 | 101,859,601 | 17,131,771 | 13,746,620 | 16,320,728 | 851,255,642 |
| | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | | | | | | | |
Additions | - | - | - | - | 123,581,249 | - | - | - | 123,581,249 |
Transfers | 24,332,658 | 53,855,456 | 21,539,178 | 12,777,031 | (121,954,867) | 8,596,245 | 8,750 | 845,549 | - |
Conversion effect historic cost | (6,736,100) | (10,797,668) | (11,546,968) | (4,002,063) | (460,019) | (511,782) | (2,578) | (180,003) | (34,237,181) |
Write off (cost) | (747,359) | (289,708) | (3,742,613) | (1,918,945) | - | (1,156,594) | (18,734) | - | (7,873,953) |
Write off (depreciation) | 394,898 | 184,171 | 3,456,971 | 1,909,228 | - | 636,696 | 12,858 | - | 6,594,822 |
Capitalized interests | 579,382 | 1,434,338 | - | - | (926,744) | - | - | - | 1,086,976 |
Depreciation | (16,319,675) | (23,241,987) | (20,568,254) | (9,738,483) | - | (6,504,278) | (290,871) | (1,009,087) | (77,672,635) |
Conversion effect depreciation | 828,924 | 4,905,696 | 5,480,844 | 2,894,015 | - | 353,900 | 256 | 81,519 | 14,545,154 |
Others increase (decreased) | (314,605) | (1,065,596) | 783,920 | 226,420 | (4,709) | 150,953 | (23,262) | - | (246,879) |
Divestitures (cost) | (416,892) | (1,536,631) | (11,721,918) | (1,758,026) | - | (1,512,864) | (283) | (1,063,451) | (18,010,065) |
Divestitures (depreciation) | 489,274 | 1,193,606 | 10,980,342 | 1,624,423 | - | 965,423 | 165 | 629,647 | 15,882,880 |
Transfers to assets held for sale (cost) | (2,682,692) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | (2,682,692) |
Transfers to assets held for sale (depreciation) | 443,892 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 443,892 |
Book Value | 420,513,839 | 179,836,481 | 82,444,197 | 40,570,889 | 102,094,511 | 18,149,470 | 13,432,921 | 15,624,902 | 872,667,210 |
| | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | | | | | | | |
Historic cost | 569,642,008 | 428,398,944 | 185,024,437 | 117,920,217 | 102,094,511 | 60,844,400 | 16,447,490 | 29,639,562 | 1,510,011,569 |
Accumulated depreciation | (149,128,169) | (248,562,463) | (102,580,240) | (77,349,328) | - | (42,694,930) | (3,014,569) | (14,014,660) | (637,344,359) |
Book Value | 420,513,839 | 179,836,481 | 82,444,197 | 40,570,889 | 102,094,511 | 18,149,470 | 13,432,921 | 15,624,902 | 872,667,210 |
F-69
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 |  |
The balance of the land at the end of each year is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Land | 227,849,584 | 228,846,045 |
Total | 227,849,584 | 228,846,045 |
Capitalized interest as of December 31, 2015, amounted to ThCh$ 1,086,976 (ThCh$ 1,010,296 in 2014), using an annually capitalization rate of 4.17% for both years.
The Company, through its subsidiaries Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A., has biological assets corresponding to vines that produce grapes. The vines are segmented into those under formation and those under production, and they are grown both on leased and owned land.
The grapes harvested from these vines are used in the manufacturing of wine, which is marketed both in the domestic market and abroad.
As ofDecember 31, 2015, the Company maintained approximately 4,245, of which 3,967 hectares are for vines in production stage. Of the total hectares mentioned above, 3,648 correspond to own land and 319 to leased land.
The vines under formation are recorded at historic cost, and only start being depreciated when they are transferred to the production phase, which occurs in the majority of cases in the third year after plantation, when they start producing grapes commercially (in volumes that justify their production-oriented handling and later harvest).
During 2015, the production plant vines yield approximately 60.1 million kilos of grapes (42.5 million kilos of grapes in 2014).
As part of the risk administration activities, the subsidiaries use insurance agreements for the damage caused by nature or other to their biological assets. In addition, either productive or under formation vines are not affected by title restrictions of any kind, nor have they been pledged as a guarantee for financial liabilities.
For production vines depreciation is carried out on a linear basis and it is based on the 30-years average estimated production useful life, which is periodically assessed. Vines under formation are not depreciated until they start production.
By the nature of business of the Company, in the value of the assets it is not considered to start an allowance for cost of dismantling, removal or restoration.
In relation to the impairment losses of property, plant and equipment, the administration has not perceived evidence of impairment with respect to these at December 31, 2015.
Assets under finance lease:
The book value of land and buildings relates to finance lease agreements for the Parent Company and its subsidiaries. Such assets will not be owned by the Company until the corresponding purchase options are exercised.
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Land | 4,511,623 | 4,511,623 |
Buildings | 9,333,443 | 9,449,575 |
Machinery and equipment | 1,061,907 | 1,352,085 |
Total | 14,906,973 | 15,313,283 |
InNote 27, letter b)includes the detail of the lease agreements, and it also reconciles the total amount of the future minimum lease payments and their current value as regards such assets, the purchase options originated at CCU S.A., Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. and Manantial S.A.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 24Investment Property
Changes in the movement of the investment property during the years endedasof December 31, 2014 and 2015 is as follows:
| Lands | Buildings | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | | | |
Historic cost | 5,590,369 | 1,964,783 | 7,555,152 |
Depreciation | - | (653,691) | (653,691) |
Book Value | 5,590,369 | 1,311,092 | 6,901,461 |
| | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | |
Additions | 275,001 | - | 275,001 |
Transfers from PPE (Cost) | 243,505 | 850,319 | 1,093,824 |
Transfers from PPE (acumulated depreciation) | - | (12,590) | (12,590) |
Depreciation | - | (65,208) | (65,208) |
Convertion effect (Cost) | (248,418) | (39,897) | (288,315) |
Conversion effect (depreciation) | - | 13,440 | 13,440 |
Book Value | 5,860,457 | 2,057,156 | 7,917,613 |
| | | |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | |
Historic cost | 5,860,457 | 2,775,205 | 8,635,662 |
Depreciation | - | (718,049) | (718,049) |
Book Value | 5,860,457 | 2,057,156 | 7,917,613 |
| | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | |
Additions | - | 4,148 | 4,148 |
Transfers from PPE (cost) | (275,000) | - | (275,000) |
Depreciation | - | (60,450) | (60,450) |
Convertion effect (Cost) | (488,315) | (291,926) | (780,241) |
Conversion effect (depreciation) | - | 31,932 | 31,932 |
Book Value | 5,097,142 | 1,740,860 | 6,838,002 |
| | | |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | |
Historic cost | 5,097,142 | 2,487,425 | 7,584,567 |
Depreciation | - | (746,565) | (746,565) |
Book Value | 5,097,142 | 1,740,860 | 6,838,002 |
Investment property includes twenty land properties, two offices and one apartment, situated in Chile, which are maintained for appreciation purposes, with one land property, two offices and one apartment of them being leased and generating ThCh$ 172,243 revenue during year 2015 (ThCh$ 153,283 in 2014 and ThCh$110,333 in 2013). Additionally, there are three land properties in Argentina, which are leased and generated an income for ThCh$ 127,093 for year 2015 (ThCh$ 117,661 in 2014 and ThCh$ 134,103 in 2013). In addition, the expenses associated with such investment properties amounted to ThCh$ 120,340 for the year ended as of December 31, 2015 (ThCh$ 190,670 in 2014 and ThCh$ 161,915 in 2013).
The fair value, of investment property that represent 90% of the book value, is ThCh$ 18,365,934.
Management has not detected any evidence of impairment of Investment property.
The Company does not maintain any pledge or restriction over investment property items.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 25Assets of disposal group held for sale
During the last quarter of 2009, the Board of Tamarí S.A. (merged with Finca la Celia S.A. as of April 1, 2011)authorized the sale of fixed assets which includes the winery with facilities for processing and storage of wines as well as of acres that surround it and the guest house. This decision is based primarily on the advantage of consolidating the operations of processing and packaging of wines from the Wine Group subsidiaries VSPT facilities in Finca La Celia, generating significant synergies for the Group.
During 2010, the Company hired a specialist broker for such assets. Subsequently, on December 13, 2011, a sales reservation contract was signed for all of the assets.
During December 2014, the subsidiary Sidra La Victoria S.A. authorized the sale of property located in Cipolletti city, Provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. During November 2015 this property was sold and a gain before tax of ThCh$ 1,977,432 was recognize.
During September 2015, the subsidiary Saenz Briones S.A. authorized the sale of property located in Luján de Cuyo city, Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina.
Besides, during 2015, the subsidiary Viña Valles de Chile S.A. (legal and continuing successor of Viña Misiones de Rengo S.A.) authorized the sale of certanis fixed asstes located in Rengo city, Provincia de Cachapoal, Sexta Región.
On January 7, 2016, the shareholders of Compañía Pisquera Bauzá S.A. came to an agreement in which Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. (subsidiary of Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A.) has sold its interest of 49% to Agroproductos Bauzá S.A. The price of the transaction amounted to UF 150,000 (equivalent to ThCh$ 3,844,364 on December 31, 2015).
Previously, in October 2015, the Board Director of CPCh agreed to order the Administration to obtain an agreement with Agroproductos Bauzá in terms which were reflected in the before mentioned transaction. The consequence the aforementioned was CPCh recorded a provision before taxes for an amount of ThCh$ 1,401,253, charged to the result for the year 2015. This amount is presented under Other gains/losses in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
As described inNote 2.18, non-current assets held for sale have been recorded at the lower of book value and estimated sale valueDecember 31, 2015.
AtDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the items of assets held for sale are the following:
Assets of disposal group held for sale | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Land | 1,855,980 | 196,818 |
Contructions | 544,863 | 467,833 |
Machinery | 74,109 | 94,109 |
Joint agreement (Trade surplus , net of deferred taxes) | 3,844,364 | - |
Total | 6,319,316 | 758,760 |
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Note 26Income taxes
Tax accounts receivable
The detail of the taxes receivables is the following:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Refundable tax previous year | 1,773,573 | 658,744 |
Taxes under claim | 3,661,253 | 2,808,110 |
Argentinean tax credits | 3,756,333 | 3,910,500 |
Monthly provisions | 4,592,593 | 9,394,028 |
Payment of absorbed profit provision | 33,276 | 975,477 |
Other credits | 1,447,192 | 1,666,555 |
Total | 15,264,220 | 19,413,414 |
Taxes accounts payable
The detail of taxes payable taxes is as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Chilean income taxes | 7,689,139 | 6,718,638 |
Monthly provisional payments | 3,488,085 | 4,113,611 |
Chilean unique taxes | 224,045 | 48,810 |
Estimated Argentine minimum gain subsidiaries taxes | 796,755 | 816,076 |
Total | 12,198,024 | 11,697,135 |
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Tax expense
The detail of the income tax and deferred tax expense for the years ended as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, is as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Income as per deferred tax related to the origin and reversal of temporary differences | (454,933) | | 992,342 | 101,216 |
Prior year adjustments | 3,204,656 | | 4,763,242 | 7,857,107 |
Effect of change in tax rates | (1,066,964) | (1) | (14,520,287) | - |
Tax benefits (loss) | 248,559 | | 527,447 | (2,225,971) |
Total deferred tax expense (1) | 1,931,318 | (8,237,256) | 5,732,352 |
Current tax expense | (48,168,474) | | (34,522,795) | (35,137,106) |
Prior period adjustments | (3,877,360) | | (3,913,449) | (5,300,153) |
(Loss) Income from income tax | (50,114,516) | (46,673,500) | (34,704,907) |
(1) On September 29, 2014 Act No. 20,780 was published in Chile, regarding the so called “Tax reform” which introduces amendments, among others, to the Income tax system. The said Act provides that corporations will apply by default the "Partially Integrated System", unless a future Extraordinary Shareholders Meeting agrees to opt for the "Attributed Income Regime”. The Act provides for the "Partially Integrated System" a gradual increase in the First Category Income tax rate, going from 20% to 21% for the business year 2014, to 22.5% for the business year 2015, to 24% for the business year 2016, to 25.5% for the business year 2017 and to 27% starting 2018 business year.
The effect of the new tax rate of 21%, applicable from January 1, 2014, resulted in charges of ThCh$ 1,359,437 against income in 2014.
The difference between assets and liabilities for deferred taxes which occur as a direct effect of the increase in the First Category Income tax rate introduced by Act No. 20,780, has been accounted against to Net income. As of December 31, 2014, the total effect registered against the Net income was an amount of ThCh$ 14,520,287.
The deferred taxes related to items charged or credited directly to Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income are as follows:
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
| 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Net income from cash flow hedge | (17,563) | | 39,470 | (51,304) |
Actuarial gains and losses deriving from defined benefit plans | 314,541 | | 501,689 | 105,151 |
Charge to equity | 296,978 | 541,159 | 53,847 |
Effective Rate
The Company’s income tax expense as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 represents 26.4%, 27.9% and 20.7%, respectively of income before taxes. The following is reconciliation between such effective tax rate and the statutory tax rate valid in Chile.
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | Tax rate % | ThCh$ | Tax rate % | ThCh$ | Tax rate % |
Income before taxes | 190,640,106 | - | 167,465,421 | - | 167,609,458 | - |
Income tax using the statutory rate | (42,894,024) | 22.5 | (35,167,738) | 21.0 | (33,521,892) | 20.0 |
Adjustments to reach the effective rate | | | | | | |
Tax effect of permanent differences and non-taxable items, net | (3,202,337) | 1.7 | (70,944) | 0.1 | (1,307,033) | 0.7 |
Effect of change in tax rate | (1,066,964) | 0.6 | (14,520,287) | 8.6 | - | - |
Effect of tax rates abroad | (2,278,489) | 1.2 | 2,235,676 | (1.3) | (2,432,936) | 1.5 |
Prior year adjustments | (672,702) | 0.4 | 849,793 | (0.5) | 2,556,954 | (1.5) |
Income tax, as reported | (50,114,516) | 26.4 | (46,673,500) | 27.9 | (34,704,907) | 20.7 |
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Deferred taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities included in the Balance Sheet were as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Deferred tax assets | | |
Accounts receivable impairment provision | 712,135 | 721,772 |
Employee benefits and other non taxable expenses | 10,402,580 | 7,984,756 |
Inventory impairment provision | 894,231 | 886,694 |
Severance indemnity | 5,044,560 | 4,592,647 |
Inventory valuation | 1,060,489 | 1,143,039 |
Amortization of intangibles | 1,785,174 | 1,021,992 |
Other assets | 8,927,120 | 8,401,374 |
Tax loss carryforwards | 5,703,304 | 5,454,745 |
Total assets from deferred taxes | 34,529,593 | 30,207,019 |
| | |
Deferred taxes liabilities | | |
Fixed assets depreciation | 39,673,300 | 36,618,758 |
Capitalized software expense | 1,852,161 | 1,694,859 |
Agricultural operation expense | 4,348,021 | 3,493,499 |
Manufacturing indirect activation costs | 3,867,574 | 3,777,813 |
Intangibles | 8,654,342 | 10,524,509 |
Land | 28,756,600 | 30,479,610 |
Other liabilities | 994,965 | 929,652 |
Total liabilities from deferred taxes | 88,146,963 | 87,518,700 |
Total | (53,617,370) | (57,311,681) |
No deferred taxes have been recorded for the temporary differences between the taxes and accounting value generated by investments in subsidiaries; consequently deferred tax is not recognized for the Translation Adjustments or investments in Joint Ventures and Associates.
In accordance with current tax laws in Chile, taxable losses do not expire and can be applied indefinitely. Regarding Argentina, taxable losses expire after 5 years.
Movement of deferred taxes | Deferred Taxes ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | (48,508,053) |
Deferred taxes for business combination | (461,566) |
Deferred Tax Losses Tax absorption | (968,195) |
Charge to income tax deferred | (8,237,257) |
Conversion effect | 84,862 |
Deferred taxes against equity | 541,159 |
Other deferred movements taxes | 237,369 |
Charge | (8,803,628) |
As of December 31, 2014 | (57,311,681) |
| |
As of January 1, 2015 | |
Deferred taxes for joint operation | 881,910 |
Deferred taxes from tax loss carry forwards absortion | (33,276) |
Credit to income tax deferred | 1,931,318 |
Conversion effect | 503,187 |
Deferred taxes against equity | 296,978 |
Other deferred movements taxes | 114,194 |
Credit | 3,694,311 |
As of December 31, 2015 | (53,617,370) |
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Note 27Other financial liabilities
Debts and financial liabilities classified based on the type of obligation and their classifications in the consolidated balance sheet are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Bank borrowings (*) | 76,050,091 | 95,822,149 |
Bonds payable (*) | 74,508,233 | 73,937,639 |
Financial leases obligations (*) | 17,559,874 | 17,392,945 |
Deposits for return of bottles and containers | 12,503,170 | 11,787,424 |
Derivatives (**) | 171,470 | 684,317 |
Liability coverage (**) | 107,698 | 228,376 |
Total | 180,900,536 | 199,852,850 |
Current | 43,973,991 | 65,318,293 |
Non current | 136,926,545 | 134,534,557 |
Total | 180,900,536 | 199,852,850 |
(*) SeeNote 5.
(**) SeeNote 6.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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The maturities and interest rates of such obligations are as follows:
As ofDecember 31, 2015:
| | | | | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Lending party Tax ID | Creditor name | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Bank borrowings | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Supervielle | Argentina | USD | - | 128,459 | - | - | - | 128,459 | At maturity | 6.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 272,706 | - | - | - | - | 272,706 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 106,222 | - | - | - | - | 106,222 | At maturity | 28.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 420,665 | - | - | - | - | 420,665 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 1,857 | 7,389 | 3,095 | - | - | 12,341 | Quarter | 15.25 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 506,450 | - | - | - | - | 506,450 | At maturity | 27.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 151,260 | - | - | - | - | 151,260 | At maturity | 29.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | - | 486,804 | - | - | - | 486,804 | At maturity | 29.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 405,927 | - | - | - | - | 405,927 | At maturity | 25.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco BBVA | Argentina | $ARG | 535,283 | - | - | - | - | 535,283 | At maturity | 29.50 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (1) | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | USD | 28,782 | 3,150,341 | - | - | - | 3,179,123 | At maturity | 1.92 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (2) | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | USD | 66,496 | 7,101,600 | - | - | - | 7,168,096 | At maturity | 1.90 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | UF | - | 56,243 | - | 9,739,054 | - | 9,795,297 | At maturity | 2.70 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (1) | Chile | 97.018.000-1 | Scotiabank | Chile | USD | - | 2,977 | 5,590,024 | - | - | 5,593,001 | At maturity | 1.15 |
99.586.280-8 | Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 449,879 | - | 15,978,778 | - | - | 16,428,657 | At maturity | 6.86 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 15,123 | 46,470 | 109,544 | - | - | 171,137 | Monthly | 4.80 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 8,529 | 26,304 | 75,692 | 16,855 | - | 127,380 | Monthly | 5.48 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 7,004 | 21,588 | 12,375 | - | - | 40,967 | Monthly | 5.36 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 13,500 | 40,500 | 108,000 | 72,000 | - | 234,000 | Monthly | 6.00 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 19,000 | 57,000 | 88,668 | - | - | 164,668 | Monthly | 7.59 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 14,000 | 42,000 | 112,000 | 32,667 | - | 200,667 | Monthly | 5.88 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 22,500 | 67,500 | 180,000 | 112,500 | - | 382,500 | Monthly | 5.76 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 23,690 | 56,839 | - | - | - | 80,529 | Monthly | 6.66 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 7,704 | 23,532 | 68,516 | 50,621 | - | 150,373 | Monthly | 6.12 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 200,000 | - | - | - | - | 200,000 | At maturity | 5.26 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 254,313 | - | - | - | - | 254,313 | At maturity | 4.38 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 35,843 | 36,436 | - | - | - | 72,279 | Monthly | 7.56 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 150,000 | - | - | - | 150,000 | Monthly | 5.40 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 255,510 | - | - | - | 255,510 | At maturity | 4.22 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 18,029 | 55,418 | 158,974 | 138,117 | - | 370,538 | Monthly | 5.02 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | USD | 25,991 | 71,036 | - | - | - | 97,027 | Monthly | 5.50 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Banco Itaú | Uruguay | UYI | - | 344,850 | 1,701,800 | - | - | 2,046,650 | Monthly | 6.00 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 515,083 | - | - | - | 515,083 | At maturity | 4.34 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 618,100 | - | - | - | 618,100 | At maturity | 4.34 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | - | 1,030,538 | - | - | - | 1,030,538 | At maturity | 4.38 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.018.000-1 | Scotiabank | Chile | USD | 7,229 | 453,561 | - | - | - | 460,790 | At maturity | 1.90 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 180,724 | 555,208 | 1,589,858 | 1,378,183 | - | 3,703,973 | Monthly | 5.02 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.018.000-1 | Scotiabank | Chile | CLP | - | 1,028,447 | - | - | - | 1,028,447 | At maturity | 4.08 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BNA | Argentina | $ARG | 345,777 | 927,294 | 2,472,784 | 1,236,392 | - | 4,982,247 | Monthly | 15.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BNA | Argentina | $ARG | 173,166 | 392,114 | 697,088 | - | - | 1,262,368 | Monthly | 25.19 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BBVA | Argentina | $ARG | 560,011 | 1,633,640 | 1,089,584 | - | - | 3,283,235 | Quarter | 26.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Galicia | Argentina | $ARG | 1,272,502 | 1,815,157 | 5,446,285 | - | - | 8,533,944 | Quarter | 29.40 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Macro | Argentina | $ARG | 44,130 | 136,150 | 75,639 | - | - | 255,919 | Monthly | 15.25 |
0-E | Saenz Briones & Cía SAIC | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Citibank | Argentina | $ARG | 65,596 | 121,022 | - | - | - | 186,618 | Monthly | 15.25 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | | 6,259,888 | 21,455,110 | 35,558,704 | 12,776,389 | - | 76,050,091 | | |
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| | | | | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Registration or ID No. Instrument | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Bonds payable | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
90.413.000-1 | Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. | Chile | 388 18/10/2004 BONO SERIE E | Chile | UF | - | 2,539,921 | 4,953,915 | 5,095,419 | 10,251,636 | 22,840,891 | Semiannual | 4.00 |
90.413.000-1 | Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. | Chile | 573 23/03/2009 BONO SERIE H | Chile | UF | 615,318 | - | - | 2,252,581 | 48,799,443 | 51,667,342 | Semiannual | 4.25 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | | 615,318 | 2,539,921 | 4,953,915 | 7,348,000 | 59,051,079 | 74,508,233 | | |
| | | | | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Lending party Tax ID | Creditor name | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Financial leases obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Supervielle | Argentina | $ARG | 1,267 | 3,900 | 6,147 | - | - | 11,314 | Monthly | 17.50 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.000.600-6 | Banco de Creditos e Inversiones | Chile | UF | 5,371 | 16,386 | 9,292 | - | - | 31,049 | Monthly | 5.06 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 10,764 | 16,845 | 13,524 | - | - | 41,133 | Monthly | 9.31 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.053.000-2 | Banco Security | Chile | UF | 21,598 | 25,628 | 12,867 | - | - | 60,093 | Monthly | 6.81 |
90.413.000-1 | Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. | Chile | 99.012.000-5 | Consorcio Nacional de Seguros S.A | Chile | UF | 12,499 | 38,806 | 113,757 | 225,991 | 16,628,473 | 17,019,526 | Monthly | 7.07 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 42,822 | 23,183 | 12,799 | - | - | 78,804 | Monthly | 5.58 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | UF | 23,716 | 72,672 | 196,552 | - | - | 292,940 | Monthly | 4.33 |
76.077.848-6 | Cervecera Belga de la Patagonia | Chile | 97.015.000-5 | Banco Santander de Chile | Chile | UF | 1,455 | 4,504 | 13,097 | 5,959 | - | 25,015 | Monthly | 6.27 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | 119,492 | 201,924 | 378,035 | 231,950 | 16,628,473 | 17,559,874 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | 6,994,698 | 24,196,955 | 40,890,654 | 20,356,339 | 75,679,552 | 168,118,198 | | |
(1) This obligation is hedged by a Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap agreement(Note 6).
(2) This obligation is hedged by a Cross Interest Rate Swap agreement(Note 6).
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As of December 31, 2014:
| | | | | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Lending party Tax ID | Creditor name | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Bank borrowings | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Santader RIO | Argentina | USD | 338,173 | - | - | - | - | 338,173 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Santader RIO | Argentina | USD | 338,173 | - | - | - | - | 338,173 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Supervielle | Argentina | USD | - | 73,057 | - | - | - | 73,057 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Supervielle | Argentina | USD | - | 79,145 | - | - | - | 79,145 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Supervielle | Argentina | USD | - | 76,101 | - | - | - | 76,101 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Supervielle | Argentina | USD | - | 75,844 | - | - | - | 75,844 | At maturity | 4.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Fondo para la Transformación y Crec. | Argentina | $ARG | - | 2,114 | - | - | - | 2,114 | Semiannual | 6.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 581,393 | - | - | - | - | 581,393 | At maturity | 28.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 569,746 | - | - | - | - | 569,746 | At maturity | 30.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 327,034 | - | - | - | - | 327,034 | At maturity | 28.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 174,129 | - | - | - | - | 174,129 | At maturity | 26.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 3,725 | 13,226 | 13,708 | - | - | 30,659 | Quarter | 15.25 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 131,476 | - | - | - | - | 131,476 | At maturity | 26.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,640 | - | - | - | - | 29,640 | At maturity | 26.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,640 | - | - | - | - | 29,640 | At maturity | 26.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 177,838 | - | - | - | - | 177,838 | At maturity | 26.50 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco San Juan | Argentina | $ARG | 29,711 | - | - | - | - | 29,711 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | BBVA | Argentina | $ARG | 402,311 | - | - | - | - | 402,311 | At maturity | 28.00 |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 43,659 | - | - | - | - | 43,659 | At maturity | 24.00 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (1) | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | USD | 23,097 | - | 2,691,604 | - | - | 2,714,701 | At maturity | 1.79 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (2) | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | USD | 53,348 | - | 6,067,500 | - | - | 6,120,848 | At maturity | 1.79 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. (2) | Chile | 97.018.000-1 | Scotiabank | Chile | USD | 1,438 | 4,854,000 | - | - | - | 4,855,438 | At maturity | 1.19 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | EUR | - | 4,590,673 | - | - | - | 4,590,673 | At maturity | 0.59 |
91.041.000-8 | Viña San Pedro Tarapaca S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | UF | - | 54,044 | - | 9,358,298 | - | 9,412,342 | At maturity | 2.70 |
99.586.280-8 | Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 448,895 | - | 15,949,982 | - | - | 16,398,877 | At maturity | 6.86 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 14,752 | 42,394 | 120,811 | 48,426 | - | 226,383 | Monthly | 4.80 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 7,798 | 23,813 | 68,838 | 53,562 | - | 154,011 | Monthly | 5.48 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 6,392 | 19,613 | 39,365 | - | - | 65,370 | Monthly | 5.36 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 1,654 | 2,266 | - | - | - | 3,920 | Monthly | 9.12 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 19,000 | 57,000 | 152,000 | 12,667 | - | 240,667 | Monthly | 7.59 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | 14,000 | 42,000 | 112,000 | 88,667 | - | 256,667 | Monthly | 5.88 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 9,214 | 3,107 | - | - | - | 12,321 | Monthly | 7.32 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 7,426 | 17,873 | - | - | - | 25,299 | Monthly | 7.56 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 22,178 | 68,690 | 80,528 | - | - | 171,396 | Monthly | 6.66 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 62,759 | 192,305 | - | - | - | 255,064 | At maturity | 4.38 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 251,734 | - | - | - | 251,734 | Monthly | 0.37 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 5,834 | 14,043 | - | - | - | 19,877 | Monthly | 0.63 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 33,596 | 104,022 | 72,279 | - | - | 209,897 | Monthly | 0.63 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 200,852 | - | - | - | 200,852 | Monthly | 0.63 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 76.645.030-K | Banco Itaú | Chile | CLP | 18,792 | - | - | - | - | 18,792 | Monthly | 0.50 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | USD | 23,418 | 69,795 | 93,672 | - | - | 186,885 | Monthly | 5.50 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | UYU | 601,212 | - | - | - | - | 601,212 | At maturity | 17.00 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | UYU | 357,814 | - | - | - | - | 357,814 | At maturity | 1.12 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | UYU | 138,532 | - | - | - | - | 138,532 | At maturity | 17.00 |
0-E | Milotur S.A. | Uruguay | O-E | Nuevo Banco Comercial | Uruguay | UYU | 643,409 | - | - | - | - | 643,409 | At maturity | 16.80 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 515,411 | - | - | - | 515,411 | At maturity | 4.50 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | - | 618,493 | - | - | - | 618,493 | At maturity | 4.50 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | CLP | - | 1,034,167 | - | - | - | 1,034,167 | At maturity | 4.92 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.018.000-1 | Scotiabank | Chile | USD | 2,413 | - | 387,514 | - | - | 389,927 | At maturity | 1.90 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañia Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | CLP | 1,303,864 | - | - | - | - | 1,303,864 | At maturity | 3.22 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BBVA | Argentina | $ARG | 1,541,623 | 4,401,173 | - | - | - | 5,942,796 | Quarter | 15.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BNA | Argentina | $ARG | 445,789 | 1,208,180 | 3,221,814 | 3,221,813 | - | 8,097,596 | Monthly | 15.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Macro | Argentina | $ARG | 54,865 | 177,392 | 335,073 | - | - | 567,330 | Monthly | 15.25 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco BBVA | Argentina | $ARG | 690,557 | 1,418,990 | 4,257,610 | - | - | 6,367,157 | Quarter | 26.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Citibank | Argentina | $ARG | 14,494,421 | - | - | - | - | 14,494,421 | At maturity | 26.00 |
0-E | Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Santander Río | Argentina | $ARG | 3,063,385 | - | - | - | - | 3,063,385 | At maturity | 29.00 |
0-E | Saenz Briones SA | Argentina | 0-E | HSBC | Argentina | $ARG | 2,724 | - | - | - | - | 2,724 | At maturity | 20.00 |
0-E | Saenz Briones SA | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Citibank | Argentina | $ARG | 93,631 | 236,522 | 236,522 | - | - | 566,675 | Monthly | 15.25 |
0-E | Saenz Briones SA | Argentina | 0-E | Banco Patagonia | Argentina | $ARG | 829,136 | - | - | - | - | 829,136 | At maturity | 30.00 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | | 28,599,857 | 20,538,039 | 33,900,820 | 12,783,433 | - | 95,822,149 | | |
F-79
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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| | | Registration or ID No. Instrument | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Bonds payable | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
90.413.000-1 | CCU S.A | Chile | 388 18/10/2014 BONO SERIE E | Chile | UF | - | 2,437,294 | 4,741,076 | 4,818,518 | 12,313,550 | 24,310,438 | Semiannual | 4.00 |
90.413.000-1 | CCU S.A | Chile | 573 23/03/2009 BONO SERIE H | Chile | UF | 592,131 | - | - | 2,149,320 | 46,885,750 | 49,627,201 | Semiannual | 4.25 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | | 592,131 | 2,437,294 | 4,741,076 | 6,967,838 | 59,199,300 | 73,937,639 | | |
| | | | | | | Undiscounting amounts according to maturity | | |
Debtor Tax ID | Company | Debtor country | Lending party Tax ID | Creditor name | Creditor country | Currency | 0 to 3 months | 3 months to 1 year | Over 1 year to 3 years | Over 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | Amortization rate | Interest Rate |
| | | | | | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | % |
Financial leases obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0-E | Finca La Celia S.A | Argentina | O-E | Supervielle | Argentina | $ARG | 1,475 | 4,620 | 11,088 | 2,466 | - | 19,649 | At maturity | 17.50 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.000.600-6 | Banco de Creditos e Inversiones | Chile | UF | 7,058 | 15,218 | 29,841 | - | - | 52,117 | Monthly | 0.42 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 20,250 | 42,944 | 37,825 | - | - | 101,019 | Monthly | 0.50 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | UF | 12,160 | 6,585 | - | - | - | 18,745 | Monthly | 1.17 |
96.711.590-8 | Manantial S.A. | Chile | 97.053.000-2 | Banco Security | Chile | UF | 31,538 | 79,780 | 57,744 | - | - | 169,062 | Monthly | 0.55 |
90.413.000-1 | CCU S.A | Chile | 99.012.000-5 | Consorcio Nacional de Seguros S.A | Chile | UF | 22,926 | 38,773 | 102,087 | 117,043 | 16,135,005 | 16,415,834 | Monthly | 7.07 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A | Chile | 97.004.000-5 | Banco de Chile | Chile | UF | 38,866 | 101,818 | 75,724 | - | - | 216,408 | Monthly | 6.43 |
96.981.310-6 | Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A | Chile | 97.030.000-7 | Banco Estado | Chile | UF | 21,843 | 66,935 | 189,245 | 92,241 | - | 370,264 | Monthly | 4.33 |
76.077.848-6 | Cervecera Belga de la Patagonia | Chile | 97.015.000-5 | Banco Santander de Chile | Chile | UF | 1,306 | 4,044 | 11,760 | 12,737 | - | 29,847 | Monthly | 6.27 |
Sub-Total | | | | | | 157,422 | 360,717 | 515,314 | 224,487 | 16,135,005 | 17,392,945 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | 29,349,410 | 23,336,050 | 39,157,210 | 19,975,758 | 75,334,305 | 187,152,733 | | |
(1) This obligation is hedged by a Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap agreement(Note 6).
(2) This obligation is hedged by a Cross Currency Rate Swap agreement(Note 6).
F-80
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Details of the fair value of bank borrowings, financial leases obligations and bonds payable are described inNote 6.
The effective interest rates of bond obligations are as follows:
Bonds Serie A 3.96%
Bonds Serie E 4.52%
Bonds Serie H 4.26%
Bonds Serie I 3.18%
The debts and financial liabilities are stated in several currencies and they accrue fixed and variable interest rates. The details of such obligations classified as per currency and interest type (excluding the effect of cross currency interest rate swap agreements) are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| Fixed Interest Rate | Variable Interest Rate | Fixed Interest Rate | Variable Interest Rate |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
US Dollar | 686,276 | 15,940,220 | 1,557,305 | 13,690,987 |
Chilean Pesos | 25,840,175 | - | 21,537,298 | - |
Argentine Pesos | 17,146,915 | 4,266,388 | 42,866,462 | - |
Unidades de Fomento | 102,191,574 | - | 101,169,041 | - |
Euros | - | - | 4,590,673 | - |
Uruguayan Pesos | - | - | 1,740,967 | - |
UYI | 2,046,650 | - | - | - |
Total | 147,911,590 | 20,206,608 | 173,461,746 | 13,690,987 |
The terms and conditions of the main interest accruing obligations as of December 31, 2015, were as follows:
A) Bank Borrowings
Banco Estado – Bank Loans
a) On July 27, 2012, the subsidiary Compañía Pisquera Chile S.A. (CPCh) signed a bank loan with the Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 16,000,000, for a period of 5 years, with maturity on July 27, 2017.
This loan accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 6.86% and an effective rate of 7.17%. The Company amortizes interest semi-annually, and the capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
This obligation is subject to certain reporting obligations in addition to complying with the following financial ratios,which will be measured on the half-yearly financial statements of CPCh:
(a) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage not less than 3, calculated as the relationship between Gross Margin less Marketing costs, Distribution and Administration expenses, plus Other income by function, less Other expenses by function, plus Depreciation and Amortization, divided by Financial costs.
(b) Maintain a debt ratio of no more than 2.5, measured as Total liabilities divided by Equity.
(c) Maintain an Equity higher than UF 770,000.
In addition, this loan obliges CPCh to comply with certain restrictions of affirmative nature, including maintaining insurance, maintaining the ownership of essential assets, and also to comply with certain restrictions, such as not to pledge, mortgage or grant any kind of encumbrance or real right over any fixed asset with an individual accounting value higher than UF 10,000, except under the terms established by the agreement, among other.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants and specific requirements of this loan.
F-81
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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b) On April 25, 2012, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 500,000, maturing on April 25, 2013. Subsequently this loan was renewed for one year, maturing on April 25, 2014. It was renewed for one year, maturing on April 25, 2015. Subsequently this loan was renewed for one year, maturing on April 27, 2016.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On April 25, 2014 it was renewed for one year, maturing on April 25, 2015.
On April 24, 2015 it was renewed for one year, maturing on April 27, 2016.
c) On April 25, 2013, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 600,000, maturing on April 25, 2014. It was renewed for one year, maturing on April 25, 2015. Subsequently this loan was renewed for one year, maturing on April 27, 2016.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On April 25, 2014 it was renewed for one year, maturing on April 25, 2015.
On April 24, 2015 it was renewed for one year, maturing on April 27, 2016.
d) On April 23, 2012, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 3,000,000, maturing on July 19, 2012.
On July 19, 2012 the previous loan was renewed for a period of 71 days, maturing on September 28, 2012. Subsequently, on the same time this loan was renewed for a period of 84 days, maturing on December 21, 2012. On December 21, 2012, this loan was renewed for 60 days, maturing on February 19, 2013, renewed again for 94 days, maturing on May 24, 2013.
This loan accrued interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortized interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On May 24, 2013, this loan was paid.
e) On July 19, 2012, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 1,000,000, maturing on September 28, 2012. Subsequently this loan was renewed for a period of 84 days, maturing on December 21, 2012. It was renewed for 60 days, maturing in February 19, 2013, renewed again for 94 days, maturing on May 24, 2013.
This loan accrued a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortized interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On May 24, 2013, this loan was paid.
f) On June 16, 2014, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of 6,200,000 euros, maturing on June 16, 2015.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On June 17, 2015, payment of the loan was made.
g) On October 15, 2014, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of UF 380,000, maturing on October 15, 2019.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest semi-annually and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
h) On December 3, 2014, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Estado for a total of ThCh$ 1,300,000, maturing on March 31, 2015.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On May 29, 2015 the loan was renewed for a term of 3 months, maturing on July 28, 2015.
On July 17, 2015, payment of the loan was made.
Banco de Chile – Bank Loans
a) On July 11, 2011, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco de Chile for a total of US$ 4,436,100, maturing on July 11, 2016.
This loan accrues interest at a compound floating rate Libor plus 180 days plus a fixed margin. The subsidiary amortizes interest semi-annually, and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
This debt was changed to Euros and a fixed interest rate through a currency US$-Euro and interest rate swap agreements (Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap). For details of the Company`s hedge strategies seeNote 5 and 6.
b) On July 7, 2011, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco de Chile for a total of US$ 10,000,000, maturing on July 7, 2016.
This loan accrues interest at a compound floating rate Libor plus 180 days plus a fixed margin. The subsidiary amortizes interest semi-annually, and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
The interest rate risk to which the subsidiary is exposed as result of this loan is mitigated by the use of cross interest rate swap agreements (interest rate fixed). For details of the Company`s hedge strategies seeNote 5 and6.
F-82
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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The aforementioned loans oblige the Company to comply with the same covenants as the Series A Bond as indicated in letter D)Restrictions in this Note.
c) On April 24, 2014, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco de Chile for a total of ThCh$ 1,000,000, maturing on April 24, 2015.
This loan accrued interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On April 24, 2015 the loan was renewed for a term of 1 year, maturing on April 21, 2016.
d) On April 24, 2015, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann SA He signed a bank loan with Banco de Chile for a total of ThCh$ 600,000 for a period of three months expiring on July 24, 2015.
This loan bears interest at a fixed interest rate. The subsidiary pays the interest and principal in a single payment at the end of the deadline.
On July 24, 2015, payment of the loan was made.
Banco Scotiabank – Bank Loans
a) On June 21, 2012, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Scotiabank for a total of US$ 3,897,940, maturing on June 20, 2013.
This loan accrued interest at a compound floating rate Libor plus 180 days plus a fixed margin. The subsidiary amortized interest quarterly and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
This debt was changed to Euros and a fixed interest rate through a currency US$-Euro and interest rate swap agreements (Cross Currency Interest Rate Swap). For details of the Company`s hedge strategies seeNote 5 and 6.
On June 20, 2013, this loan was paid.
b) On June 21, 2012, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Scotiabank for a total of US$ 11,000,000, maturing on June 21, 2013.
This loan accrued interest at a compound floating rate Libor plus 180 days plus a fixed margin. The subsidiary amortized interest semi-annually and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On June 21, 2013, this loan was paid.
c) On June 21, 2013, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Scotiabank for a total of US$ 8,000,000, maturing on June 22, 2015.
This loan accrues interest at a compound floating rate Libor plus 90 days plus a fixed margin. The subsidiary amortizes interest quarterly and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
The interest rate risk to which the subsidiary is exposed as result of this loan is mitigated by the use of cross interest rate swap agreements (interest rate fixed). For details of the Company`s hedge strategies seeNote 5 and 6.
On June 22, 2015, payment of the loan was made.
d) On September 4, 2014, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Scotiabank for a total of US$ 638,674, maturing on September 4, 2016.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest semi-annually and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
F-83
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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e) On June 17, 2015, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. it signed a bank loan with Scotiabank for a total of US$ 7,871,500, with a term of three years maturing on June 18, 2018.
This loan bears interest at a floating interest rate composed dollar Libor at 90 days plus a fixed margin. The company pays quarterly interest and amortization of capital consists of a single payment at the end of the deadline.
The interest rate risk to which the subsidiary is exposed as result of this loan is mitigated by the use of cross interest rate swap agreements (interest rate fixed). For details of the Company`s hedge strategies seeNote 5 and 6.
The aforementioned loans oblige the Company to comply with the covenants indicated in letter D) Restriction in this Note.
f) On April 24, 2015, the subsidiary Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann SA He signed a bank loan with Scotiabank for a total of US $ 1,000,000, with a term of one year expiring at April 22, 2016.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest semi-annually and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
Banco Santander Chile – Bank Loans
a) On June 17, 2013, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Santander Chile for a total of US$ 8,000,000, maturing on June 17, 2014.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On June 17, 2014, this loan was paid.
b) On June 17, 2013, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. signed a bank loan with Banco Santander Chile for a total of 6,200,000 Euros, maturing on June 17, 2014.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization consists of a single payment at the end of the established term.
On June 17, 2014, this loan was paid.
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.; HSBC Bank Argentina S.A.; Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A.; La Sucursal de Citibank NA established in Argentinian Republic; Banco de La Provincia de Buenos Aires – Syndicated Bank Loan with Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA)
On October 5, 2012, the subsidiary CICSA signed a syndicated bank loan for a total of 187.5 million Argentine Pesos, maturing on October 5, 2015.
The proportional participation of banks lenders is as follows:
a) BBVA Bank French S.A., with 55 million Argentine Pesos of pro rata participation.
b) Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, with 54 million Argentine Pesos.
c) HSBC Bank Argentina S.A., with 43.5 million Argentine Pesos of pro rata participation.
d) Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., with 20 million Argentine Pesos of pro rata participation.
e) Citibank NA established in Argentinian Republic, with 15 million Argentine Pesos of pro rata participation.
This loan accrues interest at an annual rate of 15.01% whose payment is made monthly. The subsidiary amortizes capital in 9 consecutive and equal quarterly quotes, once the grace period of 12 months from the date of disbursement.
F-84
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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This loan obliges the subsidiary to meet specific requirements and financial covenants related to their Consolidated Financial Statements, which according to agreement of the parties are as follows:
a) Maintain a capability of repayment measure at the end of each quarter less than or equal to 3, calculated as the financial debt over Adjusted EBITDA1.Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA as calculated by the Company in accordance with particular debt instruments in order to measure such instruments’ financial covenants and is defined as: Operating result before Interest, Income taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for the period of 12 months immediately prior to the date of calculation.
b) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage measured at the end of each quarter and retroactively for periods of 12 months, not less than 2.5, calculated as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in paragraph (a)) and Financial Costs account.
c) Maintain at the end of each quarter an indebtedness ratio not higher than 1.5, defined as the ratio Financial Liabilities over the Equity meaning the Equity at the time of calculation, as it arises from their Financial Statements and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Argentinian Republic.
d) Maintain at the end of each quarter a minimum Equity of 600 million of Argentine Pesos.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants and specific requirements of this loan.
Banco de la Nación Argentina – Bank Loan with Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA)
a) On December 28, 2012, CICSA signed a bank loan for a total of 140 million of Argentine pesos for a period of 7 years, maturing on November 26, 2019, and whose loan is delivered in two stages, where the first was carried out on December 28, 2012, for a total of 56 million argentine pesos and the second on June 28, 2013, for a total of 84 million of Argentine pesos.
This loan accrues interest at an annual rate of 15% fixed by first 36 months.Having completed that term, accrues interest at a compound floating rate BADLAR in pesos plus a fixed spread of 400 basis points and to this effect will be taken BADLAR rate published by the Central Bank of the Argentina Republic, corresponding to five working days prior to the start of the period, subject to the condition that does not exceed the lending rate of portfolio general of Banco de la Nación Argentina, in whose case shall apply this.
The subsidiary amortizes capital in 74 consecutive and equal, once the grace period of 10 months from the date of disbursement.
This loan is guaranteed by CCU S.A., through a Stand By issued by the Banco Estado de Chile in favor of Banco de la Nación Argentina (seeNote 35).
b) On April 20, 2015, the subsidiary CICSA signed a bank loan for a total of 24 million of argentine pesos, maturing on April 4, 2018.
This loan accrues interestat a compound floating rate BADLAR in pesos plus a fixed spread of 500 basis points and subject to the condition that does not exceed the lending rate of portfolio general of Banco de la Nación Argentina, in whose case shall apply this.
The subsidiary amortizes capital in 30 monthly, once the grace period of 6 months from de date of disbursement.
This loan is guaranteed by CCU S.A., through a Stand By issued by the Banco Estado de Chile (seeNote 35).
c) On June 26, 2015, the subsidiary CICSA signed a bank loan for a total of 30 million of argentine pesos, maturing on December 26, 2015.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate of 23%. The subsidiary amortizes monthly interest and the capital amortization in 6 monthly.
1EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization).
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Banco BBVA Francés S.A. – Bank Loan with Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA)
On June 18, 2014, the subsidiary CICSA signed a bank loan with BBVA Bank for a total of 90 million argentine pesos, maturing on June 19, 2017.
This loan accrues a fixed interest at an annual rate. The subsidiary amortizes interest and capital amortization quarterly.
Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A.; Banco Santander Río S.A.; – Syndicated Bank Loan with Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA)
On April 20, 2015, the subsidiary CICSA signed a syndicated bank loan for a total of 150 million argentine pesos, maturing on April 20, 2018.
The proportional participation of banks lenders is as follows:
(a) Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., with 75 million argentine pesos of pro rata participation.
(b) Banco Santander Río, with 75 million argentine pesos of pro rata participation.
This loan accrues interest at an annual rate of 29.4% fixed by first 12 months and thereafteraccrues interest at a compound floating rate BADLAR in pesos plus a fixed spread of 360 basis points and the payments will be quarterly. The capital amortization will payment in 9 quarterly,once the grace period of 12 months from de date of disbursement.
This loan obliges the subsidiary to meet specific requirements and financial covenants related to their Consolidated Financial Statements, which according to agreement of the parties are as follows:
a) Maintain a capability of repayment measure at the end of each quarter less than or equal to 3, calculated as the financial debt over Adjusted EBITDA2.Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA as calculated by the Company in accordance with particular debt instruments in order to measure such instruments’ financial covenants and is defined as: Operating result before Interest, Income taxes, Depreciation and Amortization for the period of 12 months immediately prior to the date of calculation.
b) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage measured at the end of each quarter and retroactively for periods of 12 months, not less than 2.5, calculated as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in paragraph (a)) and Financial Costs account.
c) Maintain at the end of each quarter an indebtedness ratio not higher than 1.5, defined as the ratio Financial Liabilities over the Equity meaning the Equity at the time of calculation, as it arises from their Financial Statements and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Argentinian Republic.
d) Maintain at the end of each quarter a minimum Equity of 600 million of Argentine Pesos.
As of December 31, 2015, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants and specific requirements of this loan.
2EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization).
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B) Financial Lease Obligations
The most significant financial lease agreements are as follows:
CCU S.A.
In December, 2004, the Company sold a piece of land previously classified as investment property. As part of the transaction, the Company leased eleven floors of a building under construction on the mentioned piece of land.
The building was completed during 2007, and on June 28, 2007, the Company entered into a 25-years lease agreement with Compañía de Seguros de Vida Consorcio Nacional de Seguros S.A., for a total amount of UF 688,635.63, with an annual interest rate of 7.07%. The current value of the agreement amounted to ThCh$ 10,403,632 as of December 31, 2007. The agreement also grants CCU the right or option to acquire the assets contained in the agreement (real estate, furniture and facilities) as from month 68 of the lease. The lease rentals committed are according to the conditions prevailing in the market. For Chilean GAAP purposes, in 2004 the Company recognized a ThCh$ 3,108,950 gain for the building portion not leased by the Company, and a ThCh$ 2,276,677 liability deferred through completion of the building, when the Company recorded the transaction as financial lease.
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A., Manantial S.A. and Finca La Celia S.A.:
Other lease agreements are as follows:
Type | Institution | Contract Date | Currency | ThCh$ | Number of quotas | Anual Interest % | Purchase option (UF) |
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. |
Production Plant | Banco de Chile | 19-04-05 | UF | 20,489 | 168 | 8.30% | 302 |
Land Lote 2 C | Banco de Chile | 26-06-07 | UF | 7,716 | 121 | 5.80% | 85 |
Land Lote 2 D | Banco de Chile | 25-03-08 | UF | 15,000 | 97 | 4.30% | 183 |
Land Lote 13F1 | Banco Estado | 10-10-12 | UF | 22,341 | 72 | 4.33% | 348 |
Manantial S.A. |
Dispensers | Banco de Crédito e Inversiones | 04-01-12 | UF | 4,275 | 37 | 5.06% | 116 |
Dispensers | Banco de Chile | 05-12-11 | UF | 1,073 | 37 | 5.98% | 311 |
Vehicles | Banco de Chile | 27-08-12 | UF | 1,265 | 25 | 12.63% | 51 |
Vehicles | Banco Estado | 15-09-11 | UF | 5,342 | 25 | 14.01% | 208 |
Computers | Banco Security | 23-08-11 | UF | 2,387 | 37 | 6.99% | 65 |
Dispensers | Banco Security | 09-08-11 | UF | 20,845 | 37 | 6.62% | 563 |
Finca La Celia S.A. |
Automotor | Banco Supervielle | 10-06-14 | $ARG | 10,814 | 45 | 17.50% | 6,250 |
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The following is a detail of future payments and the current value of the financial lease obligations as ofDecember 31, 2015:
Lease Minimum Future Payments | As of December 31, 2015 |
Gross Amount | Interest | Current Value |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Less than one years | 1,505,697 | 1,184,281 | 321,416 |
Between one and five year | 5,148,941 | 4,538,956 | 609,985 |
Over five years | 28,871,228 | 12,242,755 | 16,628,473 |
Total | 35,525,866 | 17,965,992 | 17,559,874 |
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C) Bonds Payable
Series A Bonds – Subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A.
On June 13, 2005, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. recorded in the Securities Record a bond issue for a total UF 1,500,000 at a 20-years term maturing on July 15, 2025. Such issue was placed in the local market on July 20, 2005, with a premium amounting to ThCh$ 227,378. This obligation accrues interest at a fixed annual rate of 3.8% and amortizes interest and capital semi-annually.
On December 17, 2010, took place the Board of Bondholders Serie A, which decided to modify the issued Contract of such bonds in order to update certain references and adapt it to the new IFRS accounting standards. The amendment of the issued Contract is dated December 21, 2010 and has the repertory No. 35739-2010 in the Notary of Ricardo San Martín Urrejola. Because of these changes, the commitment of this subsidiary is to comply with certain financial ratios that will be calculated only on the Consolidated Financial Statements. These financial ratios and other conditions are describe in letter D).
On July 21, 2011 the subsidiary made a partial prepayment for 750 Series A Bonds (of the 1,500 issued) equivalent to
UF 513,750, according to Section Twelve of Clause Four for the Issue Contract Bond issued by public deed dated April 28, 2005. Additionally, the subsidiary recognized in the Consolidated Income Statement of that date an expenditure of
ThCh$ 103,735, for expenses associated with the issuance of this debt.
On November 7, 2014, the subsidiary made a total prepayment for Series A Bonus for an amount of ThCh$ 9,778,759 and recognized in the Consolidated Income Statement of that date an expenditure of ThCh$ 117,200.
At the time of this total prepayment, the subsidiary was in compliance with the financial covenants required for this public issue detailed in letter D).
Series E Bonds – CCU S.A.
On October 18, 2004, under number 388 the Company recorded in the Securities Record the issue of 20-year term public bonds for a total UF 2,000,000 maturing on December 1, 2024. This issue was placed in the local market on December 1, 2004, with a discount amounting to ThCh$ 897,857. This obligation accrues interests at a fixed annual rate of 4.0%, and it amortizes interest and capital semi-annually.
On December 17, 2010, took place the Board of Bondholders Serie E, which decided to modify the issued Contract of those bonds in order to update certain references and adapt it to the new IFRS accounting standards. The amendment of the issued Contract is dated December 21, 2010 and has the repertory No. 35738-2010 in the Notary of Ricardo San Martín Urrejola. Because of these changes, the commitment of the Company is to comply with certain financial ratios that will be calculated only on the Consolidated Financial Statements. These financial ratios and other conditions are as follows:
(a) Maintain at the end of each quarter an indebtedness ratio measured over the consolidated financial statements not higher than 1.5, defined as the ratio of Total Adjusted Liabilities and Total Adjusted Equity. Total Adjusted Liabilities is defined as Total Liabilities less Dividends provisioned, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity, plus the amount of all guarantees granted by the Issuer or its subsidiaries that are cautioned by real guarantees, except as noted in the contract. Total Adjusted Equity is defined as Total Equity plus Dividends provisioned, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity.
(b) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage measured at the end of each quarter and retroactively for periods of 12 months, not less than 3, calculated as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA and Financial Costs account. Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA as calculated by the Company in accordance with particular debt instruments in order to measure such instruments’ financial covenants and is defined as: (i) the sum of Gross Margin and Other income by function accounts; (ii) less (absolute numbers) Distribution costs, Administrative expenses and Other expenses by function accounts; and (iii) plus (absolute numbers) Depreciation and Amortization recorded on the Note Nature of the costs and expenses.
(c) Maintain at the end of each quarter, assets free of liens for an amount equal to at least 1.2, defined as the ratio of Total Assets free of lien and Total Adjusted Liabilities free of lien. Is defined as Total Assets free of lien are defined as Total Assets less assets pledged as collateral for cautioned obligations of third parties. Total Adjusted Liabilities free of lien are defined as Total Liabilities less Dividends provisioned according to policy contained in the Statement of Changes in Equity.
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(d) Maintain at the end of each quarter a minimum equity of ThCh$ 312,516,750, meaning Equity Attributable to Equity Holders of the Parent plus the Dividends provisioned account, according to policy contained in the Statement of Changes in Equity. This requirement will increase in the amount resulting from each revaluation of property, plant and equipment to be performed by the Issuer.
(e) To maintain, either directly or indirectly, ownership over more than 50% of the subscribed and paid-up shares and over the voting rights of the following companies: Cervecera CCU Chile Limitada, Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A. and Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A., except in the cases and under the terms established in the agreement.
(f) To maintain, either directly or through a subsidiary, ownership of the trademark "CRISTAL", denominative for beer class 32 of the international classifier, and not to transfer its use, except to its subsidiaries.
(g) Not to make investments in facilities issued by related parties, except in the cases and under the terms established in the agreement.
(h) Neither sells nor transfer assets from the issuer and its subsidiaries representing over 25% of the assets total of the consolidated financial statements.
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants required for this public issue.
Series H and I Bonds – CCU S.A.
On March 23, 2009, the Company recorded in the Securities Record the issue of bonds Series H and I for a combined total of UF 5 million, with 5 and 21 years terms, respectively. Emissions of both series were placed in the local market on April 2, 2009. The issuance of the Bond I was UF 3 million with maturity on March 15, 2014, with a discount amounting to
ThCh$ 413,181, and accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 3.0%, with amortize interest semi-annually and excluding the capital (bullet). The issuance of the Bond H was UF 2 million with maturity on March 15, 2030, with a discount amounting to ThCh$ 156,952, and accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 4.25%, with amortizes interest and capital semi-annually.
By deed dated December 27, 2010 issued in the Notary of Ricardo San Martín Urrejola, under repertoires No. 36446-2010 and 36447-2010, were amended Issue Contract Series H and I, respectively, in order to update certain references and to adapt to the new IFRS accounting rules.
The current issue was subscribed with Banco Santander Chile as representative of the bond holders and as paying bank, and it requires that the Company complies with the following financial covenants on its Consolidated Financial Statements and other specific requirements:
(a) Maintain at the end of each quarter an indebtedness ratio measured over the consolidated financial statements not higher than 1.5, defined as the ratio of Total Adjusted Liabilities and Total Adjusted Equity. The Total Adjusted Liabilities are defined as Total Liabilities less Dividends provisioned, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity, plus the amount of all guarantees, debts or obligations of third parties not within the liability and outside the Issuer or its subsidiaries that are cautioned by real guarantees granted by the Issuer or its subsidiaries. Total Adjusted Equity is defined as Total Equity plus Dividends provisioned account, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity.
(b) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage measured at the end of each quarter and retroactively for periods of 12 months, not less than 3, calculated as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA and Financial Costs account. Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA as calculated by the Company in accordance with particular debt instruments in order to measure such instruments’ financial covenants and is defined as: (i) the sum of Gross Margin and Other income by function accounts; (ii) less (absolute numbers) Distribution costs, Administrative expenses and Other expenses by function accounts; and (iii) plus (absolute numbers) Depreciation and Amortization recorded on the Note Nature of the cost and expenses.
(c) Maintain at the end of each quarter, assets free of liens for an amount equal to, at least, 1.2, defined as the ratio of Total Assets free of lien and Financial Debt free of lien. Total Assets free of lien are defined as Total Assets less assets pledged as collateral for cautioned obligations of third parties. Financial Debt free of lien is defined as the sum of lines Bank Loans, Bonds payable and Finance lease obligations contained in Note Other financial liabilities of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
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(d) Maintain at the end of each quarter a minimum equity of ThCh$ 312,516,750, meaning Equity Attributable to Equity Holders of the Parent plus the Dividends provisioned account, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity. This requirement will increase in the amount resulting from each revaluation of property, plant and equipment to be performed by the Issuer.
(e) To maintain, either directly or indirectly, ownership over more than 50% of the subscribed and paid-up shares and over the voting rights of the following companies: Cervecera CCU Chile Limitada and Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A.
(f) Maintain a nominal installed capacity for the production manufacturing of beer and soft drinks, equal or higher altogether than 15.9 million hectolitres a year, except in the cases and under the terms of the contract.
(g) To maintain, either directly or through a subsidiary, ownership of the trademark "CRISTAL", denominative for beer class 32 of the international classifier, and not to transfer its use, except to its subsidiaries.
(h) Not to make investments in facilities issued by related parties, except in the cases and under the terms established in the agreement.
On March 17, 2014, the Company paid the total Serie I Bonds, equivalent UF 3,000,000.
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants required for this public issue.
D) Restriction of subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A.
The subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. mustcomply with certain financial ratios that will be calculated only on its Consolidated Financial Statements. These financial ratios and other conditions are as follows:
(a) Control over subsidiaries representing at least 30% of the consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of the issuer. Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA means EBITDA as calculated by the Company in accordance with particular debt instruments in order to measure such instruments’ financial covenants and is defined as: (i) the sum of Gross Margin and Other income by function accounts; (ii) less (absolute numbers) Distribution costs, Administrative expenses and Other expenses by function accounts; and (iii) plus (absolute numbers) Depreciation and Amortization recorded in the Note Nature of the costs and expenses.
(b) Not to enter into investments in instruments issued by related parties different from its subsidiaries.
(c) Neither sells nor transfers essential assets that jeopardize the continuance of its current purpose.
(d) Maintain at the end of each quarter an indebtedness ratio measured over the consolidated financial statements not higher than 1.2, defined as the ratio of Total Adjusted Liabilities and Total Adjusted Equity. The Total Adjusted Liabilities is defined as Total Liabilities less Dividends provisioned, according to policy contained in the Statement of Changes in Equity, plus the amount of all guarantees, debts or obligations of third parties not within the liabilities and outside the Issuer or its subsidiaries that are cautioned by real guarantees granted by the Issuer or its subsidiaries. Total Adjusted Equity is defined as Total Equity plus Dividends provisioned, according to policy contained in the Statement of Changes in Equity.
(e) Maintain a Financial Expense Coverage measured at the end of each quarter and retroactively for periods of 12 months, not less than 3, calculated as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in paragraph (a)) and Financial Costs account.
(f) Maintain at the end of each quarter a minimum equity of ThCh$ 83,337,800, meaning Equity Attributable to Equity Holders of the Parent plus the Dividends provisioned account, according to policy included in the Statement of Changes in Equity. This requirement will increase in the amount resulting from each revaluation of property, plant and equipment to be performed by the Issuer.
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Note 28Accounts payable – trade and other payables
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the total Accounts payable-trade and other payables are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Suppliers | 179,926,026 | 159,782,385 |
Notes payable | 5,575,754 | 3,940,353 |
Withholdings payable | 43,880,121 | 40,429,573 |
Total | 229,381,901 | 204,152,311 |
Current | 227,736,803 | 203,782,805 |
Non-current | 1,645,098 | 369,506 |
Total | 229,381,901 | 204,152,311 |
Note 29Provisions
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the total provisions recorded in the consolidated statement of financial position are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Litigation | 1,343,374 | 1,023,895 |
Others | 636,584 | 1,596,196 |
Total | 1,979,958 | 2,620,091 |
Current | 503,440 | 410,259 |
Non-current | 1,476,518 | 2,209,832 |
Total | 1,979,958 | 2,620,091 |
The following was the change in provisions during the years ended as of December 31, 2014 and 2015:
| Litigation | Others | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
As of January 1, 2014 | | 1,294,570 | | 1,673,910 | 2,968,480 |
As of December 31, 2014 | | | | | |
Incorporated | | 622,320 | | 151,966 | 774,286 |
Used | | (751,636) | | (1,668) | (753,304) |
Released | | (71,667) | | (175,968) | (247,635) |
Conversion effect | | (69,692) | | (52,044) | (121,736) |
As of December 31, 2014 | | 1,023,895 | | 1,596,196 | 2,620,091 |
As of December 31, 2015 | | | | | |
Incorporated | | 792,724 | | 888 | 793,612 |
Used | | (222,139) | | - | (222,139) |
Released | | (31,005) | | (801,778) | (832,783) |
Conversion effect | | (220,101) | | (158,722) | (378,823) |
As of December 31, 2015 | (1) | 1,343,374 | | 636,584 | 1,979,958 |
(1) SeeNote 35.
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The maturities of provisions at December 31, 2015, were as follows:
| Litigation | Others | Total |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Less than one year | 503,441 | - | 503,441 |
Between two and five years | 486,294 | 636,584 | 1,122,878 |
Over five years | 353,639 | - | 353,639 |
Total | 1,343,374 | 636,584 | 1,979,958 |
Litigation
The detail of significant litigation proceedings to which the Company is exposed at a consolidated level is described in
Note 35.
Management believes based on the development of such proceedings to date, the provisions established on a case by basis are adequate to cover the eventual adverse effects that could arise from these proceedings.
Note 30Other non-financial liabilities
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the total Other non-financial liabilities are as follows:
| As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Parent dividend provisioned by the board | 24,387,190 | 23,278,681 |
Parent dividend provisioned according to policy | 36,016,878 | 36,500,001 |
Outstanding parent dividends | 723,259 | 520,145 |
Subsidiaries dividends according to policy | 9,725,015 | 7,764,386 |
Others | 89,802 | 833,550 |
Total | 70,942,144 | 68,896,763 |
Current | 70,942,144 | 68,896,763 |
Total | 70,942,144 | 68,896,763 |
Note 31Employee Benefits
The Company grants short term and employment termination benefits as part of its compensation policies.
The Parent Company and its subsidiaries maintain collective agreements with their employees, which establish the compensation and/or short–term and long-term benefits for their staff, the main features of which are described below:
i. Short-term benefits are generally based on combined plans or agreements, designed to compensate benefits received, such as paid vacation, annual performance bonuses and compensation through annuities.
ii. Long-term benefits are plans or agreements mainly intended to cover the post-employment benefits generated at the end of the labour relationship, be it by voluntary resignation or death of personnel hired.
The cost of such benefits is charged against income, in the “Personnel Expense” item.
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the total staff benefits recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position is as follows:
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Employees’ Benefits | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Short term benefits | 21,617,103 | 17,943,771 |
Employment termination benefits | 19,043,559 | 17,437,222 |
Total | 40,660,662 | 35,380,993 |
Current | 21,712,059 | 17,943,771 |
Non-current | 18,948,603 | 17,437,222 |
Total | 40,660,662 | 35,380,993 |
Employees’ Bonuses
Short-term benefits are mainly comprised of recorded vacation (on accruals basis), bonuses and share compensation. Such benefits are recorded when the obligation is accrued and are usually paid within a 12-month periods, consequently, they are not discounted.
As ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, the total short-term benefits recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position are as follows:
Short-Term Employees’ Benefits | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Vacation | 8,442,610 | 7,856,572 |
Bonus and compensation | 13,174,493 | 10,087,199 |
Total | 21,617,103 | 17,943,771 |
The Company records the staff vacation cost on an accrual basis.
Severance Indemnity
The Company records a liability for the payment of an irrevocable severance indemnity, originated by collective and individual agreements entered into with certain groups of employees. Such obligation is determined by means of the current value of the benefit accrued cost, a method that considers several factors for the calculation such as estimates of future continuance, mortality rates, future salary increases and discount rates. The Company periodically evaluates the above-mentioned factors based on historical data and future projections, making adjustments that apply when checking changes sustained trend. The so-determined value is presented at the current value by using the severance benefits accrued method. The discount rate is determined by reference to market interest rates curves for high quality entrepreneurial bonds. The discount rate in Chile was 6.36% (6.00% in 2014) and in Argentina 39.26% (42.43% in 2014).
As ofDecember 31, 2015, the obligation recorded for severance indemnity is as follows:
Severance Indemnity | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current | 94,956 | - |
Non-current | 18,948,603 | 17,437,222 |
Total | 19,043,559 | 17,437,222 |
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The change in the severance indemnity during the year ended as of December 31, 2014 and 2015 was as follows:
Severance Indemnity | Severance Indemnity |
ThCh$ |
Balance as of January 1, 2014 | 16,574,806 |
Current cost of service | 601,053 |
Interest cost | 1,187,731 |
Actuarial loss | 1,884,054 |
Paid-up benefits | (3,341,434) |
Past service cost | 1,090,429 |
From business combinations | 893,608 |
Others | (1,453,025) |
Movements of the year | 862,416 |
As of December 31, 2014 | 17,437,222 |
Current cost of service | 1,023,969 |
Interest cost | 1,703,107 |
Actuarial loss | 947,153 |
Paid-up benefits | (1,700,491) |
Past service cost | 131,204 |
Others | (498,605) |
Movements of the year | 1,606,337 |
As of December 31, 2015 | 19,043,559 |
The figures recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, are as follows:
Expense recognized for severance indemnity | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current cost of service | 1,023,969 | 601,053 | 607,443 |
Past service cost | 131,204 | 1,090,429 | 430,120 |
Non-provided paid benefits | 4,377,570 | 5,916,192 | 2,860,262 |
Other | 646,501 | 335,808 | 1,333,466 |
Total expense recognized in Consolidated Statement of Income | 6,179,244 | 7,943,482 | 5,231,291 |
Actuarial Assumptions
As mentioned inNote 2.20– Employees’ Benefits, the severance payment obligation is recorded at its actuarial value. The main actuarial assumptions used for the calculation of the severance indemnity obligation as ofDecember 31, 2015 and 2014, are as follows:
Actuarial Assumptions | Chile | Argentina |
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2015 | 2014 |
Mortality table | RV-2004 | RV-2004 | Gam'83 | Gam'83 |
Annual interest rate | 6.36% | 6.00% | 39.26% | 42.43% |
Voluntary employee turnover rate | 1.9% | 1.9% | n/a | n/a |
Company’s needs rotation rate | 5.3% | 5.3% | n/a | n/a |
Salary increase | 3.7% | 3.7% | 36.35% | 36.35% |
| Officers | | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
Estimated retirement age for | Other | Male | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 |
| | Female | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
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Sensitivity Analysis
The Following is a sensitivity analysis based on increased (decreased) of 1 percent on the discount rate:
Sensitivity Analysis | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
1% increase in the Discount Rate (Gain) | 1,164,165 | 1,073,272 |
1% decrease in the Discount Rate (Loss) | (1,344,213) | (1,245,219) |
| | |
Personnel expense
The amounts recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income for the years ended as ofDecember 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, are as follows:
Personal expense | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Salaries | 138,359,074 | 119,623,310 | 108,611,206 |
Employees’ short-term benefits | 24,693,325 | 18,128,043 | 19,887,127 |
Employments termination benefits | 6,179,245 | 7,943,482 | 5,231,291 |
Other staff expense | 28,683,507 | 23,636,629 | 21,280,818 |
Total (1) | 197,915,151 | 169,331,464 | 155,010,442 |
(1)See Note 10.
The detail of Non-controlling Interests is the following:
a. Equity
Equity | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 72,512,897 | 69,856,322 |
Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. | 20,403,140 | 21,903,962 |
Aguas CCU-Nestlé Chile S.A. | 19,891,176 | 16,389,004 |
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | 4,979,490 | 4,424,495 |
Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 4,699,612 | 4,653,894 |
Manantial S.A. | 3,767,028 | 3,353,256 |
Saenz Briones & Cía. S.A. | 962,286 | 1,145,657 |
Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. | 1,949,490 | 701,002 |
Los Huemules S.R.L. | 395,469 | 116,892 |
Sidra La Victoria S.A. | - | 1,166 |
Others | 145,185 | 366,091 |
Total | 129,705,773 | 122,911,741 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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b. Result
| For the years ended as of December 31, |
Result | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Aguas CCU-Nestlé Chile S.A. | 7,052,867 | 5,408,750 | 4,870,501 |
Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | 9,182,843 | 6,003,439 | 3,319,366 |
Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | 1,267,335 | 966,212 | 1,022,346 |
Manantial S.A. | 861,072 | 684,427 | 587,119 |
Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. | 592,506 | 889,482 | 765,624 |
Saenz Briones & Cía. S.A. | 128,407 | (58,433) | (733,068) |
Distribuidora del Paraguay S.A. | 1,144,911 | 429,527 | - |
Bebidas del Paraguay S.A. | (486,790) | 253,516 | - |
Los Huemules S.R.L. | (45,370) | (48,171) | (12,624) |
Sidra La Victoria S.A. | - | 175 | 123 |
Others | 19,674 | 24,547 | 49,156 |
Total | 19,717,455 | 14,553,471 | 9,868,543 |
Note 33Common Shareholders’ Equity
Subscribed and paid-up Capital
The Extraordinary Shareholders´Meeting held on June 18, 2013, resolved to increase the capital of the Company in the amount of ThCh$ 340,000,000, through the issuance of 51,000,000 shares of common stock. Such shares are to be issued and paid within a period of 3 years as from June 18, 2013. Also, the Board of Directors, in accordance with the powers granted by the Extraordinary Shareholders´ Meeting, determined the price at which these shares were to be offered. Additionally, the above Extraordinary Shareholders´ Meeting agreed to recognize as part of the Paid-in Capital (Common Stock) the share premium for an amount of ThCh$ 15,479,173. Therefore, the Company´s capital, including the referred capital increase, amounts to ThCh$ 571,019,592, divided into 369,502,872 shares of common stock, without face value, which has been subscribed and paid and shall be subscribe and paid as follows:
- ThCh$ 231,019,592, divided into 318,502,872 shares, fully subscribed and paid prior to the date of the Extraordinary Shareholders´ Meeting.
- ThCh$ 340,000,000, divided into 51,000,000 shares, to be subscribed and paid.
On July 23, 2013 the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros authorized the registration of such shares.
Subsequently, the Board of Director at the meeting held on September 12, 2013, set in $ 6,500 per share the price of the 51,000,000 shares to be placed during the preemptive-rights period, which extended from September 13 to October 12, 2013.
As of December 31, 2013, the referred capital increase has been fully subscribed and paid, amounting to
ThCh$ 331,673,754 and generated share premium and issuance and placement costs for ThCh$ 45,176 and
ThCh$ 5,055,392, respectively, which are net recorded under item "Other reserves", in Equity. Any difference between the issuance and placement costs of shares must be recognized as a less paid-in capital in the next Extraordinary Shareholders´ Meeting that modifies the capital of the company.
As of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company’s capital shows a balance of ThCh$ 562,693,346, divided into 369,502,872 shares of common stock without face value, entirely subscribed and paid-up. The Company has issued only one series of common shares. Such common shares are registered for trading at the Santiago Stock Exchange, the Chilean Electronic Stock Exchange and the Valparaíso Stock Exchange, and at the New York Stock Exchange /NYSE), evidenced by ADS (American Depositary Shares), with an equivalence of two shares per ADS (See Note 1).
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The Company has not issued any others shares or convertible instruments during the period, thus changing the number of outstanding shares as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.
Capital Management
The main purpose, when managing shareholder’s capital, is to maintain an adequate credit risk profile and a healthy capital ratio, allowing the access of the Company to the capitals market for the development of its medium and long term purposes and, at the same time, to maximize shareholder’s return.
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the detail of the comprehensive income and expense of the term is as follows:
Other Income and expense charged or credited against net equity | Gross Balance | Tax | Net Balance |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash flow hedge (1) | 80,693 | (17,563) | 63,130 |
Conversion differences of international subsidiaries (1) | (29,678,944) | - | (29,678,944) |
Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans reserves | (939,433) | 314,541 | (624,892) |
Total comprehensive income as of december 31, 2015 | (30,537,684) | 296,978 | (30,240,706) |
| | | |
Other Income and expense charged or credited against net equity | Gross Balance | Tax | Net Balance |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash flow hedge (1) | (155,258) | 39,470 | (115,788) |
Conversion differences of international subsidiaries (1) | (4,629,683) | - | (4,629,683) |
Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans reserves | (1,884,054) | 501,689 | (1,382,365) |
Total comprehensive income as of december 31, 2014 | (6,668,995) | 541,159 | (6,127,836) |
| | | |
Other Income and expense charged or credited against net equity | Gross Balance | Tax | Net Balance |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Cash flow hedge (1) | 256,592 | (51,304) | 205,288 |
Conversion differences of international subsidiaries (1) | (17,054,187) | - | (17,054,187) |
Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans reserves | (469,987) | 105,151 | (364,836) |
Total comprehensive income As of December 31, 2013 | (17,267,582) | 53,847 | (17,213,735) |
(1) These concepts will be reclassified to the Statement of Income when its settled.
Income per share
The basic income per share is calculated as the ratio between the net income (loss) of the term corresponding to shares holders and the weighted average number of valid outstanding shares during such term.
The diluted earnings per share is calculated as the ratio between the net income (loss) for the period attributable to shares holders and the weighted average additional common shares that would have been outstanding if it had become all ordinary potential dilutive shares.
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As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the information used for the calculation of the income as per each basic and diluted share is as follows:
Income per share | For the years ended as of December 31, |
2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
Equity holders of the controlling company (ThCh$) | 120,808,135 | | 106,238,450 | | 123,036,008 |
Weighted average number of shares | 369,502,872 | (1) | 369,502,872 | (2) | 331,806,416 |
Basic and diluted income per share (in Chilean pesos) | 326.95 | 287.52 | 370.81 |
Equity holders of the controlling company (ThCh$) | 120,808,135 | | 106,238,450 | | 123,036,008 |
Weighted average number of shares | 369,502,872 | | 369,502,872 | (3) | 346,028,899 |
Basic and diluted income per share (in Chilean pesos) | 326.95 | 287.52 | 355.57 |
(1) Determined considering 369,502,872 shares outstanding on December 31, 2015 and 2014.
(2) Determined considering 331,806,416 shares, equivalents to 318,502,872 shares outstanding on December 31, 2012, plus the weighted average of permanence of shares paid due to increase of capital described in this Note.
(3) Determined considering 346,028,899 shares, equivalents to 318,502,872 shares outstanding on December 31, 2012, plus the weighted average of permanence of shares issued due to increase of capital described in this Note.
As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company has not issued any convertible or other kind of instruments creating diluting effects.
Distributable net Income
In accordance with Circular No 1945 from the SVS on November 4, 2009, the Board of Directors agreed that the net distributable profit for the year 2009 will be that reflected in the financial statements attributable to equity holders of the parents,without adjustment it. The above agreement remains in effect for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Dividends
The Company’s dividend policy consists of annually distributing at least 50% of the net distributable profit of the year.
As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company has distributed the following dividends, either or final:
Dividend Nº | Payment Date | Type of Dividend | Dividends per Share | Related to FY |
245 | 19-04-2013 | Final | 116.64610 | 2012 |
246 | 10-01-2014 | Interim | 63.00000 | 2013 |
247 | 17-04-2014 | Final | 103.48857 | 2013 |
248 | 09-01-2015 | Interim | 63.00000 | 2014 |
249 | 23-04-2015 | Final | 98.78138 | 2014 |
250 | 08-01-2016 | Interim | 66.00000 | 2015 |
| | | | |
On April 9, 2013, at the General Shareholders Meeting it was agreed to pay the final Dividend No. 245, amounting to ThCh$ 37,150,685 corresponding to $ 116.64610 per share. This dividend was paid on April 19, 2013.
On April 9, 2014, at the General Shareholders Meeting it was agreed to pay the final Dividend No. 247, amounting to ThCh$ 38,239,323 corresponding to $ 103.48857 per share. This dividend was paid on April 17, 2014.
On April 15, 2015, at the General Shareholders Meeting it was agreed to pay the final Dividend No. 249, amounting to ThCh$ 36,500,004 corresponding to $ 98.78138 per share. This dividend was paid on April 23, 2015.
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Other Reserves
The reserves that are a part of the Company’s equity are as follows:
Currency Translation Reserves: This reserve originated mainly from the translation of foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements which functional currency is different from the presentation currency of the Consolidated Financial Statements. As of December 31, 2015, it amounts to a negative reserve of ThCh$ 95,435,386 (ThCh$ 67,782,858 in 2014 and
ThCh$60,084,197 in 2013).
Hedge reserve: This reserve originated from the hedge accounting application of financial liabilities for. The reserve is reversed at the end of the hedge agreement, or when the transaction ceases qualifying hedge accounting, whichever is first. The reserve effects are transferred to income. As of December 31, 2015, it amounts to a negative reserve of
ThCh$ 2,526 (ThCh$ 43,370 in 2014 and positive reserve of ThCh$ 65,109 in 2013), net of deferred taxes.
Actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans reserves: This reserve originates from January 1, 2013, due application of the amendment to IAS 19. The amount recorded is a negative reserve of ThCh$ 2,302,418 (ThCh$ 1,712,687 in 2014 and ThCh$ 348,673 in 2013), net of deferred taxes.
Other reserves: As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 the amount is a negative reserve of ThCh$ 5,486,086,
ThCh$ 5,511,629 and ThCh$5,514,048, respectively. Such reserves relate mainly to the following concepts:
- Adjustment due to re-assessment of fixed assets carried out in 1979.
- Price level restatement of paid-up capital registered as of December 31, 2008, according to SVS Circular Letter Nª456.
- Difference in purchase of shares of the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. made during year 2012 and 2013 (Note 1).
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Note 34Effects of changes in currency exchange rate
Current assets are denominated in the following currencies:
CURRENT ASSETS | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current assets | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | 192,554,239 | 214,774,876 |
CLP | 171,683,257 | 182,979,978 |
U.F. | - | 8,410,538 |
USD | 5,385,644 | 6,058,754 |
Euros | 955,840 | 974,179 |
$ARG | 5,701,754 | 11,728,422 |
UYU | 948,816 | 536,097 |
PYG | 7,519,619 | 3,753,420 |
Others currencies | 359,309 | 333,488 |
Other financial assets | 13,644,105 | 6,483,652 |
CLP | 1,052,312 | 1,016,032 |
USD | 12,495,117 | 5,467,620 |
Euros | 57,833 | - |
PYG | 7,261 | - |
Others currencies | 31,582 | - |
Other non-financial assets | 17,654,373 | 18,558,445 |
CLP | 12,083,128 | 11,576,191 |
U.F. | 29,882 | 28,826 |
USD | 972,718 | - |
Euros | 723,216 | - |
$ARG | 3,780,430 | 4,759,154 |
UYU | 7,789 | 1,457,234 |
PYG | 57,210 | 737,040 |
Accounts receivable - trade and other receivables | 252,225,937 | 238,602,893 |
CLP | 158,757,937 | 151,677,364 |
U.F. | 7,102 | 2,021 |
USD | 25,498,590 | 19,030,421 |
Euros | 7,463,166 | 10,038,934 |
$ARG | 48,535,814 | 46,140,278 |
UYU | 4,074,908 | 4,519,676 |
PYG | 6,111,636 | 5,477,622 |
Others currencies | 1,776,784 | 1,716,577 |
Accounts receivable from related companies | 4,788,930 | 11,619,118 |
CLP | 4,606,002 | 11,474,472 |
U.F. | 104,118 | 101,218 |
USD | 78,810 | 43,428 |
Inventories | 174,227,415 | 167,545,598 |
CLP | 147,189,195 | 136,336,787 |
USD | 2,474,304 | 744,544 |
Euros | 237,848 | 189,100 |
$ARG | 18,850,888 | 22,684,784 |
UYU | 1,645,888 | 1,508,208 |
PYG | 3,829,292 | 6,082,175 |
Biological assets | 7,633,340 | 7,633,591 |
CLP | 7,130,962 | 7,209,981 |
$ARG | 502,378 | 423,610 |
Tax receivables | 15,264,220 | 19,413,414 |
CLP | 11,080,218 | 14,443,142 |
$ARG | 4,184,002 | 4,970,272 |
Non-current assets held for sale | 6,319,316 | 758,760 |
CLP | 5,890,543 | - |
$ARG | 428,773 | 758,760 |
Total current assets | 684,311,875 | 685,390,347 |
| | |
| | |
CLP | 519,473,554 | 516,713,947 |
U.F. | 141,102 | 8,542,603 |
USD | 46,905,183 | 31,344,767 |
Euros | 9,437,903 | 11,202,213 |
$ARG | 81,984,039 | 91,465,280 |
UYU | 6,677,401 | 8,021,215 |
PYG | 17,525,018 | 16,050,257 |
Others currencies | 2,167,675 | 2,050,065 |
Total current assets by currencies | 684,311,875 | 685,390,347 |
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Non-Current assets are denominated in the following currencies:
NON-CURRENT ASSETS | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Non-current assets | | |
Other financial assets | 80,217 | 343,184 |
Euros | 80,217 | 343,184 |
Other non-financial assets | 27,067,454 | 5,828,897 |
CLP | 24,880,950 | 3,303,040 |
USD | 80,137 | - |
$ARG | 1,839,876 | 1,762,652 |
PYG | 266,491 | 763,205 |
Accounts receivable from related companies | 445,938 | 522,953 |
U.F. | 445,938 | 522,953 |
Investments accounted for using the equity method | 49,995,263 | 31,998,620 |
CLP | 49,884,870 | 31,897,043 |
$ARG | 110,393 | 101,577 |
Intangible assets different than goodwill | 64,120,426 | 68,656,895 |
CLP | 49,960,476 | 51,881,835 |
U.F. | 41,558 | 41,558 |
$ARG | 7,039,283 | 9,169,249 |
UYU | 3,296,510 | 3,332,682 |
PYG | 3,782,599 | 4,231,571 |
Goodwill | 83,300,573 | 86,779,903 |
CLP | 60,192,744 | 63,075,515 |
USD | 14,216,606 | 12,146,454 |
$ARG | 8,891,223 | 11,557,934 |
Property, plant and equipment (net) | 872,667,210 | 851,255,642 |
CLP | 763,339,926 | 733,238,733 |
$ARG | 76,412,324 | 91,003,978 |
UYU | 13,747,872 | 10,390,332 |
PYG | 19,167,088 | 16,622,599 |
Investment property | 6,838,002 | 7,917,613 |
CLP | 4,401,400 | 5,783,933 |
$ARG | 2,436,602 | 2,133,680 |
Deferred tax assets | 34,529,593 | 30,207,019 |
CLP | 29,392,503 | 23,496,860 |
$ARG | 5,032,803 | 6,622,426 |
UYU | 10,801 | 10,206 |
PYG | 93,486 | 77,527 |
Total non-current assets | 1,139,044,676 | 1,083,510,726 |
| | |
| | |
CLP | 982,052,869 | 912,676,959 |
U.F. | 487,496 | 564,511 |
USD | 14,296,743 | 12,146,454 |
Euros | 80,217 | 343,184 |
$ARG | 101,762,504 | 122,351,496 |
UYU | 17,055,183 | 13,733,220 |
PYG | 23,309,664 | 21,694,902 |
Total non-current assets by currencies | 1,139,044,676 | 1,083,510,726 |
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Current liabilities are denominated in the following currencies:
CURRENT LIABILITIES | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
Until 90 days | More than 91 days until 1 year | Until 90 days | More than 91 days until 1 year |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Current liabilities | | | | |
Other financial liabilities | 7,223,935 | 36,750,056 | 30,097,822 | 35,220,471 |
CLP | 1,239,182 | 17,035,281 | 1,947,212 | 14,909,387 |
U.F. | 764,199 | 2,888,550 | 777,020 | 2,933,255 |
USD | 303,416 | 10,957,905 | 1,392,180 | 5,303,949 |
Euros | 52,368 | - | 120,894 | 4,611,662 |
$ARG | 4,862,819 | 5,523,470 | 24,104,151 | 7,462,218 |
UYU | - | - | 1,740,967 | - |
UYI | - | 344,850 | - | - |
Others currencies | 1,951 | - | 15,398 | - |
Account payable - trade and other payables | 226,844,826 | 891,977 | 200,673,786 | 3,109,019 |
CLP | 148,162,838 | 303,060 | 133,274,464 | 3,109,019 |
U.F. | 9,933 | - | 3,995 | - |
USD | 17,676,381 | 566,572 | 14,012,905 | - |
Euros | 6,402,517 | - | 7,166,674 | - |
$ARG | 47,686,146 | - | 40,867,375 | - |
UYU | 2,607,826 | - | 4,371,988 | - |
PYG | 3,874,709 | 22,345 | 976,385 | - |
Others currencies | 424,476 | - | - | - |
Accounts payable to related companies | 11,624,218 | - | 10,282,312 | - |
CLP | 4,267,123 | - | 5,783,103 | - |
USD | 151,578 | - | - | - |
Euros | 7,205,517 | - | 4,486,158 | - |
PYG | - | - | 13,051 | - |
Other short-term provisons | 382,152 | 121,288 | 380,912 | 29,347 |
CLP | - | 121,288 | - | 29,347 |
$ARG | 382,152 | - | 380,912 | - |
Tax liabilities | 3,664,162 | 8,533,862 | 3,986,966 | 7,710,169 |
CLP | 3,487,812 | 5,802,277 | 3,803,137 | 3,872,219 |
USD | - | 26,747 | - | - |
$ARG | - | 2,704,838 | - | 3,837,950 |
UYU | 176,350 | - | 183,829 | - |
Employee benefits provisions | 21,388,736 | 323,323 | 17,702,626 | 241,145 |
CLP | 16,558,870 | 323,323 | 13,490,145 | 241,145 |
$ARG | 4,437,159 | - | 3,909,627 | - |
UYU | 392,707 | - | 302,854 | - |
Other non-financial liabilities | 28,440,259 | 42,501,885 | 24,104,387 | 44,792,376 |
CLP | 28,350,457 | 42,501,885 | 23,278,681 | 44,789,042 |
$ARG | 89,802 | - | 825,706 | - |
PYG | - | - | - | 3,334 |
Total current liabilities | 299,568,288 | 89,122,391 | 287,228,811 | 91,102,527 |
| | | | |
| | | | |
CLP | 202,066,282 | 66,087,114 | 181,576,742 | 66,950,159 |
U.F. | 774,132 | 2,888,550 | 781,015 | 2,933,255 |
USD | 18,131,375 | 11,551,224 | 15,405,085 | 5,303,949 |
Euros | 13,660,402 | - | 11,773,726 | 4,611,662 |
$ARG | 57,458,078 | 8,228,308 | 70,087,771 | 11,300,168 |
UYU | 3,176,883 | - | 6,599,638 | - |
PYG | 3,874,709 | 22,345 | 989,436 | 3,334 |
UYI | - | 344,850 | - | - |
Others currencies | 426,427 | - | 15,398 | - |
Total current liabilities by currency | 299,568,288 | 89,122,391 | 287,228,811 | 91,102,527 |
F-102
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Non-Current liabilities are denominated in the following currencies:
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES | As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
More than 1 year until 3 years | More than 3 year untl 5 years | More than 5 years | More than 1 year until 3 years | More than 3 year untl 5 years | More than 5 years |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Non-current liabilities | | | | | | |
Other financial liabilities | 40,890,654 | 20,356,339 | 75,679,552 | 39,224,496 | 19,975,758 | 75,334,303 |
CLP | 18,284,794 | 1,784,088 | - | 16,366,789 | 101,334 | - |
U.F. | 5,523,414 | 17,335,859 | 75,679,552 | 5,474,316 | 16,650,145 | 75,334,303 |
USD | 5,590,024 | - | - | 9,307,576 | - | - |
$ARG | 9,790,622 | 1,236,392 | - | 8,075,815 | 3,224,279 | - |
UYI | 1,701,800 | - | - | - | - | - |
Other accounys payable | 1,098,985 | 546,113 | - | 369,506 | - | - |
CLP | 808,161 | 404,081 | - | - | - | - |
U.F. | 6,760 | - | - | 6,496 | - | - |
USD | 284,064 | 142,032 | - | 363,010 | - | - |
Other long term provisions | 712,806 | 410,073 | 353,639 | 1,484,317 | 489,969 | 235,546 |
CLP | - | 49,996 | 15,000 | - | - | 15,000 |
$ARG | 396,987 | 360,077 | 338,639 | 336,813 | 489,969 | 220,546 |
UYU | 314,991 | - | - | 1,147,504 | - | - |
PYG | 828 | - | - | - | - | - |
Deferred tax liabilities | 21,787,421 | 8,622,777 | 57,736,765 | 20,617,913 | 7,491,363 | 59,409,424 |
CLP | 21,175,080 | 8,219,255 | 51,820,864 | 19,850,278 | 6,979,606 | 51,690,008 |
$ARG | 601,313 | 400,875 | 4,288,716 | 767,635 | 511,757 | 5,713,866 |
UYU | - | - | 1,154,787 | - | - | 1,466,456 |
PYG | 11,028 | 2,647 | 472,398 | - | - | 539,094 |
Employee benefits provisons | 643,905 | - | 18,304,698 | 798,428 | - | 16,638,794 |
CLP | - | - | 15,369,150 | - | - | 14,202,830 |
$ARG | - | - | 2,935,548 | - | - | 2,435,964 |
PYG | 643,905 | - | - | 798,428 | - | - |
Total non-current liabilities | 65,133,771 | 29,935,302 | 152,074,654 | 62,494,660 | 27,957,090 | 151,618,067 |
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CLP | 40,268,035 | 10,457,420 | 67,205,014 | 36,217,067 | 7,080,940 | 65,907,838 |
U.F. | 5,530,174 | 17,335,859 | 75,679,552 | 5,480,812 | 16,650,145 | 75,334,303 |
USD | 5,874,088 | 142,032 | - | 9,670,586 | - | - |
$ARG | 10,788,922 | 1,997,344 | 7,562,903 | 9,180,263 | 4,226,005 | 8,370,376 |
UYU | 314,991 | - | 1,154,787 | 1,147,504 | - | 1,466,456 |
PYG | 655,761 | 2,647 | 472,398 | 798,428 | - | 539,094 |
UYI | 1,701,800 | - | - | - | - | - |
Total non-current liabilities by currency | 65,133,771 | 29,935,302 | 152,074,654 | 62,494,660 | 27,957,090 | 151,618,067 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 35Contingencies and Commitments
Operating lease agreements
The total amount of the Company’s obligations to third parties relating to lease agreements that may not be terminated is as follows:
Lease Agreements not to be terminated | As of December 31, 2015 |
ThCh$ |
Within 1 year | 82,677,035 |
Between 1 and 5 years | 76,807,297 |
Over 5 years | 53,580,133 |
Total | 213,064,465 |
Purchase and supply agreements
The total amount of the Company’s obligations to third parties relating to purchase and supply agreements as of December 31, 2015 is as follows:
Purchase and supply agreements | Purchase and supply agreements | Purchase and contract related to wine and grape |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
Within 1 year | 134,430,322 | 10,226,466 |
Between 1 and 5 years | 328,110,170 | 8,683,488 |
Over 5 years | 53,875,436 | 250,544 |
Total | 516,415,928 | 19,160,498 |
Capital investment commitments
As of December 31, 2015, the Company had capital investment commitments related to Property, plant and equipment and intangibles (software) for approximately ThCh$ 81,696,975.
Litigation
The following are the most significant proceedings faced by the Company and its subsidiaries, including all thosepresent a possible risk of occurrence and causes whose committed amounts, individually, are more than ThCh$ 25,000.Those losses contingencies for which an estimate cannot be made have been also considered.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Proceedings and claim
Subsidiary | Court | Number | Description | Status | Estimated accrued loss contingency |
Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. | Labour Court of Collection. | C-3292-2010 | Interpretation of collective bargaining agreement. | Pending practice of award liquidation by court. | ThCh$ 15,000 |
Viña Tarapaca Ex Zavala, Viña Misiones de Rengo | 14th Civil Court of Santiago. | 28869-2007 | Breach of contract. | Appeal of first instance verdict. | ThCh$ 50,000 |
Transportes CCU Ltda. | Labour Court of Collection. | C-3287-2015 | Collection of employee benefits. | On execution phase. | ThCh$ 40,000 |
Transportes CCU Ltda. | 9th Labor Court of Santiago. | L-3601-2004 | Collection of employee benefits. | On execution phase. | ThCh$ 11,932 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 24,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Supreme Court of Tucuman. | | Intempestive breach of distribution contract. | Supreme Court review. | USD 71,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 29,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 30,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Intempestive breach of distribution contract. | On execution phase. | USD 30,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 55,000 |
Compañía Industrial Cervecera S.A. (CICSA) | | | City Council´s Administrative Claim related to advertising and publicity fees. | The process is in pre-trial administrative phase. | USD 538,000 |
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Subsidiary | Court | Number | Description | Status | Estimated accrued loss contingency |
Saenz Briones S.A. | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 59,000 |
Saenz Briones S.A. | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 54,000 |
Saenz Briones S.A. | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 108,000 |
Saenz Briones S.A. | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 42,000 |
Saenz Briones S.A. | Court of first instance in Argentina. | | Labor trial for layoff. | On evidentiary phase. | USD 135,000 |
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The Company and its subsidiaries have established provisions to allow for such contingencies for ThCh$ 1,343,374 and ThCh$ 1,023,895, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively (See Note 29).
Tax processes
At the date of issue of these consolidated financial statements, there are no material taxlitigations.
Guarantees
As of December 31, 2015, the subsidiary Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A. (VSPT) has not granted direct guarantees as part of its common financing operations. Nevertheless, its VSPT has entered into indirect guarantees as joint guarantors of financing operations by Finca La CeliaS.A.subsidiary, in the Republic of Argentina.
A summary of the main terms of the guarantees granted appears below:
The subsidiary Finca La CeliaS.A.maintains financial debt with local banks in Argentina, guaranteed by VSPT through stand-by letters issued by Banco Estado de Chile, according to the following detail:
Institution | Amount | Due date |
Banco Santander Río | USD 1,100,000 | March 31, 2016 |
Banco Patagonia | USD 1,600,000 | March 31, 2016 |
Banco Patagonia | USD 1,600,000 | May 11, 2016 |
Banco San Juan | USD 1,200,000 | October 30, 2016 |
Banco BBVA Frances | USD 1,500,000 | October 30, 2016 |
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The mentioned stand-by letters were issued by VSPT according to the maturity of the financial debts negotiated with the Argentine banks, and they are within the financing policy framework approved by VSPT Board of Directors.
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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The loan obtained by the subsidiary CICSA in Argentina, as described inNote 27, is guaranteed by CCU S.A. through a stand- by unrestricted, 1 year term, renewable for equal period during the term of the loan.
Institution | Amount | Due date |
Banco de la Nación Argentina S.A. | USD 16,500,000 | December 31, 2016 |
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On July 11, 2013, the subsidiary in Argentina Saenz Briones & Cía. S.A. (SB) has signed a loan agreement with the Citibank Bank of Argentina, which restricted its ability to distribute profits in each year. The loan was by 10,000,000 argentine pesos and whose return was agreed in 9 (nine) quotes with different maturities. Until SB not pay this loan, plus interest or commissions, fees and expenses, may not make any payment to its shareholders (including, without limitation, distribution of profits or dividends, advances, withdrawals from account or similar, as well as any payment made in connection with rebuy it, rescue or redemption of all or part of its shares) for an amount that exceeds the 50% of the profits that the SB is legally empowered to distribute as dividends with regard to each of its years. It should be noted, for the purposes of the above restriction, that the last date of maturity of the loan is July 11, 2016.
Note 36Environment
Major Environmental costs accrued as of December 31, 2015, in the Industrial Units of CCU S.A. are distributed as follows:
- Industrial Waste Water Treatment (IWWT):58.0%
These expenses are mainly related to the maintenance and control of the respective Industrial Waste Water Treatment Plants (IWWT).
- Solid Industrial Residues (SIR): 29.6%
These expenses are related to the handling and disposal of Solid Industrial Residues (SIR), including hazardous Waste (ResPel) and valorization of recyclable residues.
- Gas Emission Expenses:0.9%
These expenses are related to the calibration and verification of monitoring and operational instrumentation of stationary sources (mainly industrial boilers and electric generators) and their respective emissions, in order to provide compliance to rules and central and local government regulations.
- Other Environmental Expenses: 11.5%
These expenses are related to the verification and compliance of Food Safety, Environmental Management and Operational Health & Safety Management Standards (ISO 22000, ISO 14000 and ISO 18000 OHSAS respectively) in CCU´s industrial sites and distribution centers, which are in different stages of implementation and certification. The implementation and certification of those three standards is a corporate goal of CCU SA.
The most relevant investments during the year 2015, are listed below:
- Compañía Cervecera Kunstmann S.A.,construction of an industrial wastewater treatment plant in Valdivia which includes an anaerobic reactor with IC technology (UF 115,930).
- Aguas CCU-Nestlé, IWWT plant project in Coinco (UF 19,915), hazardous material storage improvement
(UF 4,709), CO2, water and energy control equipment (UF 3,014), sanitary installation improvements (UF 141), two tanks for IWWT plant (UF 110).
- Cervecera CCU Chile Ltda.,Industrial Waste Water Treatment (IWWT) plant in Temuco stage 1 (UF 10,136), normalizing decree N° 78 (UF 7,704), fire detection system in Santiago (UF 3,695), IWWT plant improvement
(UF 3,564), CO2 and NH3 sensors in Elaboration area (UF 2,571), improvement fire detection system in Temuco (UF 1,393), pavement improvement (UF 1,262), steam and biogas gauges (UF 818), sanitary installation improvements (UF 678), hot water flowmeters (UF 553), glass and solid waste containers (UF 478), boiler N° 2 economizer (UF 412), storage tank insulation (UF 301), and finally rain water piping (UF 217).
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Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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- Viña San Pedro Tarapacá S.A., FES project (second payment 2/3) (UF 3,614), Industrial Waste Water Treatment (IWWT) plant improvement (UF 2,653), IWWT plant Isla de Maipo (UF 1,564), IWW collecting chamber expansion (UF 96), vintage courtyard improvement (UF 96), floor and drain (UF 87), rain water channel (UF 53), and pH correction in IWWT plant (UF 50).
- Compañía Cervecerías Unidas Argentina S.A., IWWT plant Salta (UF 7,280), IWWT plant Salta second stage (UF 9,617) and warehouse SV fire network (UF 4,122).
- Embotelladora Chilenas Unidas S.A., boiler insulation (UF 1,314), CIP solutions recovery (UF 886), smoke detection system for offices (UF 789), plant emergency lighting (UF 400), emergency lighting (UF 164), emergency showers (UF 74), fire networks second stage (UF 70).
- Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A., overhaul IWWT sludge equipment (UF 734), electrical network improvement in Salamanca (UF 392), IWWT plant in Salamanca (UF 281), IWWT plant in site Sotaquí (UF 255), solid waste extractor in site Elqui (UF 76) and a technological improvement project in sludge load system (UF 47).
- �� Transportes CCU Ltda., water improvement project in San Antonio (UF 365).
- Fabrica de Envases Plásticos S.A.,hazardous material storage (UF 2,396), electricity consumption meters by lines (UF 1,168) and replacement of lighting plant (UF 739).
- Cervecera Austral S.A., they have not carried out significant environmental investments to December 2015.
The main disbursements of the year, detailed by projects, are the following:
Company that made the disbursement | Project | Disbursment incurred during the years ended |
As of December 31, 2015 | As of December 31, 2014 |
Expenditure | Investment | Committed amount in future periods | Estimated date completion of disbursements | Expenses | Investment |
ThCh$ | ThCh$ | ThCh$ | | ThCh$ | ThCh$ |
CCU Chile Ltda. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 1,966,752 | 535,842 | 329,941 | December 2016 | 1,924,508 | 4,224,403 |
CCU Argentina S.A. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 1,862,559 | 116,134 | 422,561 | December 2016 | 1,847,522 | 85,013 |
Cía. Cervecera Kunstmann S.A. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 143,482 | 2,958,767 | 12,416 | December 2016 | 132,350 | 62,898 |
Cía. Pisquera de Chile S.A. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 318,419 | 9,712 | 36,035 | December 2016 | 295,382 | 137,593 |
Transportes CCU Ltda. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 362,142 | - | 9,355 | December 2016 | 297,734 | 12,954 |
VSPT S.A. | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 559,209 | 136,181 | 74,293 | December 2016 | 491,104 | 508,254 |
Others | Disposal of liquid , solid industrial waste and other | 1,084,700 | 197,504 | 722,305 | December 2016 | 943,663 | 1,244,437 |
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F-108
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. and subsidiaries Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2015 | 
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Note 37Subsequent Events
a) The Consolidated Financial Statements of CCU S.A. have been approved by the Board Directors on February 2, 2016.
b) On January 7, 2016, the shareholders of Compañía Pisquera Bauzá S.A. came to an agreement in which Compañía Pisquera de Chile S.A. (subsidiary of Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A.) has sold its interest of 49% to Agroproductos Bauzá S.A. The price of the transaction amounted to UF 150,000 (equivalent to ThCh$ 3,844,364 on December 31, 2015). This investment at December 31, 2015, was recorded under Assets of disposal group held for sale (SeeNote 25).
c) On January 29, the subsidiaries AguasCCU-Nestlé Chile S.A. (“Aguas”) and Embotelladoras Chilenas Unidas S.A.(“ECUSA”) have acquired 48.07% and 0.92% of the shares of Manantial S.A. (“Manantial”) respectively, exercising the call option granted in the Shareholders’ Agreement of Manantial. As a consequence, Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A. is currently the indirect owner of 100% of the shares of Manantial, remaining as the only direct shareholders of Manantial: (i) Aguas with 99.08% of the capital stock, and (ii) ECUSA with 0.92% of the capital stock.
d) There are no others subsequent events between the closing date and the filing date of these Financial Statements (February 26, 2016) that could significantly affect their interpretation.
F-109
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Compañía Cervecerías Unidas S.A.
(United Breweries Company, Inc.)
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| /s/ Felipe Dubernet |
| Chief Financial Officer |
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Date: February 22, 2016