Preneed Funeral Activities Text Block | Preneed Funeral Activities Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments represent trust investments, including investment earnings, and customer receivables, net of unearned finance charges, related to unperformed, price-guaranteed preneed funeral contracts. Our funeral merchandise and service trusts are variable interest entities. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of these trusts, as we absorb a majority of the losses and returns associated with these trusts. Our cemetery trust investments detailed in Notes 4 and 5 are also accounted for as variable interest entities. When we receive payments from the customer, we deposit the amount required by law into the trust and reclassify the corresponding amount from Deferred preneed funeral revenues into Deferred preneed receipts held in trust. Amounts are withdrawn from the trusts after the contract obligations are performed. Cash flows from preneed funeral contracts are presented as operating cash flows in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments are reduced by the trust investment earnings (realized and unrealized) that we have been allowed to withdraw in certain states prior to maturity. These earnings are recorded in Deferred preneed funeral revenues until the merchandise is delivered or the service is performed. The table below sets forth certain investment-related activities associated with our preneed funeral merchandise and service trusts for the years ended December 31 : 2015 2014 2013 (In thousands) Deposits $ 121,109 $ 102,553 $ 82,168 Withdrawals $ 160,135 $ 131,352 $ 125,914 Purchases of available-for-sale securities (1) $ 453,092 $ 1,238,257 $ 393,169 Sales of available-for-sale securities (1) $ 458,236 $ 1,318,512 $ 435,267 Realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities (1) $ 42,034 $ 168,567 $ 65,011 Realized losses from sales of available-for-sale securities (1) $ (31,403 ) $ (113,748 ) $ (9,732 ) (1) The increase in activity in 2014 is the result of changing the legal structure of the trust investments. The components of Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31 were as follows: 2015 2014 (In thousands) Trust investments, at market $ 1,109,394 $ 1,205,747 Cash and cash equivalents 134,642 162,229 Assets associated with businesses held for sale (39 ) — Insurance-backed fixed income securities 271,116 260,899 Trust investments 1,515,113 1,628,875 Receivables from customers 290,689 262,700 Unearned finance charge (11,235 ) (11,054 ) 1,794,567 1,880,521 Allowance for cancellation (34,270 ) (37,498 ) Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments $ 1,760,297 $ 1,843,023 The activity in Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments for the years ended December 31 was as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In thousands) Beginning balance — Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments $ 1,843,023 $ 1,870,243 $ 1,536,257 Net preneed contract sales 283,927 247,994 192,712 Cash receipts from customers, net of refunds (234,413 ) (211,830 ) (170,921 ) Deposits to trust 121,109 102,553 82,168 Acquisitions (divestitures) of businesses, net 1,400 (19,203 ) 271,395 Net undistributed investment (losses) earnings (1) (38,510 ) 22,480 125,986 Maturities and distributed earnings (200,635 ) (162,059 ) (153,446 ) Change in cancellation allowance 2,787 7,644 (3,245 ) Effect of foreign currency and other (18,391 ) (14,799 ) (10,663 ) Ending balance — Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments $ 1,760,297 $ 1,843,023 $ 1,870,243 (1) Includes both realized and unrealized investment earnings. The cost and market values associated with our funeral merchandise and service trust investments recorded at fair value at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are detailed below. Cost reflects the investment (net of redemptions) of control holders in the trusts. Fair value represents the value of the underlying securities held by the trusts. December 31, 2015 Fair Value Hierarchy Level Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury 2 $ 82,417 $ 107 $ (1,331 ) $ 81,193 Canadian government 2 72,488 532 (655 ) 72,365 Corporate 2 19,036 235 (284 ) 18,987 Residential mortgage-backed 2 1,297 29 (22 ) 1,304 Asset-backed 2 5 — — 5 Equity securities: Preferred stock 2 1,949 41 (158 ) 1,832 Common stock: United States 1 344,116 30,885 (19,149 ) 355,852 Canada 1 11,930 2,652 (1,077 ) 13,505 Other international 1 32,156 2,636 (3,907 ) 30,885 Mutual funds: Equity 1 323,884 1,263 (43,975 ) 281,172 Fixed income 1 155,717 154 (13,092 ) 142,779 Commingled funds: Fixed income 2 69,148 — (442 ) 68,706 Private equity 3 38,201 3,703 (6,467 ) 35,437 Other 3 4,226 1,146 — 5,372 Trust investments $ 1,156,570 $ 43,383 $ (90,559 ) $ 1,109,394 December 31, 2014 Fair Value Hierarchy Level Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Fair Value (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury 2 $ 85,775 $ 468 $ (455 ) $ 85,788 Canadian government 2 90,430 449 (874 ) 90,005 Corporate 2 24,765 423 (126 ) 25,062 Residential mortgage-backed 2 1,325 29 (12 ) 1,342 Asset-backed 2 6 — — 6 Equity securities: Preferred stock 2 2,503 113 (113 ) 2,503 Common stock: United States 1 377,441 18,533 (7,405 ) 388,569 Canada 1 14,708 4,292 (895 ) 18,105 Other international 1 38,035 1,175 (1,560 ) 37,650 Mutual funds: Equity 1 308,548 3,332 (15,901 ) 295,979 Fixed income 1 229,414 869 (3,576 ) 226,707 Private equity 3 35,094 2,649 (9,418 ) 28,325 Other 3 5,084 726 (104 ) 5,706 Trust investments $ 1,213,128 $ 33,058 $ (40,439 ) $ 1,205,747 Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, fair values are estimated by using either quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or an income approach fair value model with observable inputs that include a combination of interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds, rating, and tax-exempt status. Commingled funds are measured at and readily redeemable for net asset value. These securities are classified as Level 2 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. The valuation of private equity and other alternative investments requires management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of such assets. The fair value of these investments is estimated based on the value of the underlying real estate and private equity investments. The underlying real estate value is determined using the most recent available appraisals. Private equity instruments are valued based on reported net asset values. Valuation policies and procedures are determined by our Trust Services department, which reports to our Chief Financial Officer. Additionally, valuations are reviewed by the Investment Committee of the Board of Directors quarterly. These securities are classified as Level 3 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. As of December 31, 2015 , our unfunded commitment for our private equity and other investments was $41.9 million which, if called, would be funded by the assets of the trusts. Our private equity and other investments include several funds that invest in limited partnerships, distressed debt, real estate, and mezzanine financing. These investments can never be redeemed by the funds. Instead, the nature of the investments in this category is that the distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. We estimate that the underlying assets will be liquidated over the next 2 to 10 years. The change in our market-based funeral merchandise and service trust investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 , and 2013 : 2015 2014 2013 Private Equity Other Private Equity Other Private Equity Other (In thousands) Fair value, beginning balance at January 1, $ 28,325 $ 5,706 $ 26,885 $ 1,808 $ 17,879 $ 744 Net unrealized gains included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (1) 6,449 214 2,242 826 13,429 1,442 Net realized losses included in Other income (expense), net (2) (44 ) (15 ) (39 ) (6 ) (43 ) (3 ) Purchases — 32 — 3,214 1,188 — Sales (36 ) — — — — — Contributions 7,464 1,297 6,122 4 3,229 — Distributions and other (6,721 ) (1,862 ) (6,885 ) (140 ) (9,245 ) (393 ) Acquisitions — — — — 448 18 Fair value, ending balance at December 31, $ 35,437 $ 5,372 $ 28,325 $ 5,706 $ 26,885 $ 1,808 (1) All unrealized gains recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income for our funeral merchandise and service trust investments are attributable to our preneed customers and are offset by a corresponding reclassification in Accumulated other comprehensive income to Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . See Note 6 for further information related to our Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . (2) All losses recognized in Other income (expense), net for our funeral merchandise and service trust investments are attributable to our preneed customers and are offset by a corresponding reclassification in Other income (expense), net to Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . See Note 6 for further information related to our Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . Maturity dates of our fixed income securities range from 2016 to 2045 . Maturities of fixed income securities at December 31, 2015 are estimated as follows: Fair Value (In thousands) Due in one year or less $ 107,784 Due in one to five years 25,635 Due in five to ten years 26,390 Thereafter 14,045 $ 173,854 Earnings from all our funeral merchandise and service trust investments are recognized in funeral revenues when merchandise is delivered or a service is performed. Fees charged by our wholly-owned registered investment advisor are also included in current revenues in the period in which they are earned. In addition, we are entitled to retain, in certain jurisdictions, a portion of collected customer payments when a customer cancels a preneed contract; these amounts are also recognized in current revenues. Recognized earnings (realized and unrealized) related to our funeral merchandise and service trust investments were $52.9 million , $62.8 million , and $48.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 , and 2013 , respectively. We assess our trust investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. Impairment charges resulting from this assessment are recognized as investment losses in Other income (expense), net and a decrease to Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments . These investment losses, if any, are offset by the corresponding reclassification in Other (expense) income, net, which reduces Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . See Note 6 for further information related to our Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . For the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 , and 2013 , we recorded a $3.5 million , a $41.8 million , and a $0.8 million , respectively, impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain investments. We have determined that the remaining unrealized losses in our funeral merchandise and service trust investments are considered temporary in nature, as the unrealized losses were due to temporary fluctuations in interest rates and equity prices. The investments are diversified across multiple industry segments using a balanced allocation strategy to minimize long-term risk. We believe that none of the securities are other-than-temporarily impaired based on our analysis of the investments. Our analysis included a review of the portfolio holdings and discussions with the individual money managers as to the sector exposures, credit ratings, and the severity and duration of the unrealized losses. Our funeral merchandise and service trust investment unrealized losses, their associated fair values, and the duration of unrealized losses for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , are shown in the following tables. December 31, 2015 In Loss Position Less Than 12 Months In Loss Position Greater Than 12 Months Total Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury $ 37,008 $ (1,273 ) $ 4,687 $ (58 ) $ 41,695 $ (1,331 ) Canadian government 2,336 (17 ) 11,535 (638 ) 13,871 (655 ) Corporate 4,644 (156 ) 4,025 (128 ) 8,669 (284 ) Residential mortgage-backed 377 (6 ) 133 (16 ) 510 (22 ) Equity securities: Preferred stock 448 (60 ) 42 (98 ) 490 (158 ) Common stock: United States 128,725 (16,448 ) 14,531 (2,701 ) 143,256 (19,149 ) Canada 1,956 (355 ) 1,097 (722 ) 3,053 (1,077 ) Other international 9,458 (1,638 ) 6,151 (2,269 ) 15,609 (3,907 ) Mutual funds: Equity 185,726 (23,385 ) 79,855 (20,590 ) 265,581 (43,975 ) Fixed income 108,984 (5,052 ) 27,048 (8,040 ) 136,032 (13,092 ) Commingled funds: Fixed income 68,578 (442 ) — — 68,578 (442 ) Private equity — — 18,713 (6,467 ) 18,713 (6,467 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 548,240 $ (48,832 ) $ 167,817 $ (41,727 ) $ 716,057 $ (90,559 ) December 31, 2014 In Loss Position Less Than 12 Months In Loss Position Greater Than 12 Months Total Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses Fair Market Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury $ 32,243 $ (412 ) $ 4,978 $ (43 ) $ 37,221 $ (455 ) Canadian government 2,894 (52 ) 14,904 (822 ) 17,798 (874 ) Corporate 4,988 (56 ) 2,420 (70 ) 7,408 (126 ) Residential mortgage-backed 217 (10 ) 106 (2 ) 323 (12 ) Equity securities: Preferred stock 26 (113 ) — — 26 (113 ) Common stock: United States 126,527 (7,403 ) 438 (2 ) 126,965 (7,405 ) Canada 1,752 (379 ) 1,085 (516 ) 2,837 (895 ) Other international 19,593 (1,557 ) 2 (3 ) 19,595 (1,560 ) Mutual funds: Equity 233,827 (13,219 ) 23,717 (2,682 ) 257,544 (15,901 ) Fixed income 112,160 (3,128 ) 11,452 (448 ) 123,612 (3,576 ) Private equity 203 (461 ) 13,870 (8,957 ) 14,073 (9,418 ) Other 5 (11 ) 464 (93 ) 469 (104 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 534,435 $ (26,801 ) $ 73,436 $ (13,638 ) $ 607,871 $ (40,439 ) Deferred Preneed Funeral Revenues At December 31, 2015 and 2014 , Deferred preneed funeral revenues , net of allowance for cancellation, represent future funeral revenues, including distributed trust investment earnings associated with unperformed trust-funded preneed funeral contracts that are not held in trust accounts. Deferred preneed funeral revenues are recognized in current funeral revenues when merchandise is delivered or the service is performed. Future funeral revenues and net trust investment earnings that are held in trust accounts are included in Deferred preneed receipts held in trust. The following table summarizes the activity in Deferred preneed funeral revenues for the years ended December 31 were as follows: 2015 2014 2013 (In thousands) Beginning balance — Deferred preneed funeral revenue, net $ 540,164 $ 551,948 $ 535,136 Net preneed contract sales 232,628 198,195 144,202 (Divestitures) acquisitions of businesses, net (2,895 ) (21,639 ) 298,047 Net investment (losses) earnings (1) (37,208 ) 24,256 126,428 Recognized deferred preneed revenue (276,359 ) (258,534 ) (200,680 ) Change in cancellation allowance 11,675 21,272 (5,670 ) Change in deferred preneed receipts held in trust 90,351 26,131 (343,878 ) Effect of foreign currency and other (459 ) (1,465 ) (1,637 ) Ending balance — Deferred preneed funeral revenue, net $ 557,897 $ 540,164 $ 551,948 (1) Includes both realized and unrealized investment earnings. Insurance-Funded Preneed Contracts Not included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet are insurance-funded preneed contracts that will be funded by life insurance or annuity contracts issued by third party insurers. Where permitted by state or provincial law, customers may arrange their preneed contract by purchasing a life insurance or annuity policy from third-party insurance companies, for which we earn a commission as general sales agent for the insurance company. These general agency commissions (GA revenues) are based on a percentage per contract sold and are recognized as funeral revenues when the insurance purchase transaction between the customer and third-party insurance provider is completed. GA revenues recognized in 2015 , 2014 , and 2013 were $137.0 million , $123.0 million , and $106.5 million , respectively. Direct selling costs incurred pursuant to the sale of insurance-funded preneed contracts are expensed as incurred. The policy amount of the insurance contract between the customer and the third-party insurance company generally equals the amount of the preneed contract. We do not reflect the unfulfilled insurance-funded preneed contract amounts in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The proceeds of the life insurance policies or annuity contracts will be reflected in funeral revenues as we perform these funerals. |