Preneed Funeral Activities | Preneed Funeral Activities Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments represent trust investments, including investment earnings, and customer receivables, net of unearned finance charges, related to unperformed price-guaranteed preneed funeral contracts. Our merchandise and service trusts are variable interest entities. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of these trusts, as we absorb a majority of the losses and returns associated with these trusts. Our trust investments detailed in Notes 4 and 5 are also accounted for as variable interest entities. When we receive payments from the customer, we deposit the amount required by law into the trust and reclassify the corresponding amount from Deferred preneed funeral revenue into Deferred preneed receipts held in trust. Amounts are withdrawn from the trusts after the contract obligations are performed. Cash flows from preneed contracts are presented as operating cash flows in our unaudited condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments are reduced by the trust investment earnings (realized and unrealized) that we have been allowed to withdraw in certain states prior to maturity. These earnings are recorded in Deferred preneed funeral revenue until the merchandise is delivered or the service is performed. The table below sets forth certain investment-related activities associated with these preneed merchandise and service trusts: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 (In thousands) Deposits $ 34,976 $ 27,708 Withdrawals $ 42,123 $ 35,170 Purchases of available-for-sale securities $ 90,952 $ 109,522 Sales of available-for-sale securities $ 89,412 $ 99,493 The components of Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments in our unaudited condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are as follows: March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 (In thousands) Trust investments, at market $ 1,199,453 $ 1,152,752 Cash and cash equivalents 115,914 122,517 Insurance-backed fixed income securities 270,348 271,248 Trust investments 1,585,715 1,546,517 Receivables from customers 319,456 312,556 Unearned finance charge (13,233 ) (12,562 ) 1,891,938 1,846,511 Allowance for cancellation (29,283 ) (29,066 ) Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments $ 1,862,655 $ 1,817,445 The costs and values associated with trust investments measured at market at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are detailed below. Cost reflects the investment (net of redemptions) of control holders in the trusts. Value represents the value of the underlying securities held by the trusts. March 31, 2017 Value Hierarchy Level Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Value (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury 2 $ 72,835 $ 405 $ (372 ) $ 72,868 Canadian government 2 53,740 254 (59 ) 53,935 Corporate 2 11,874 193 (71 ) 11,996 Residential mortgage-backed 2 172 17 — 189 Asset-backed 2 52 — (1 ) 51 Equity securities: Preferred stock 2 1,425 112 (54 ) 1,483 Common stock: United States 1 332,089 62,224 (5,017 ) 389,296 Canada 1 11,593 2,966 (441 ) 14,118 Other international 1 23,513 2,212 (2,439 ) 23,286 Mutual funds: Equity 1 320,086 15,302 (12,428 ) 322,960 Fixed income 1 94,756 1,332 (6,782 ) 89,306 Other 3 4,017 1,448 (30 ) 5,435 Trust investments, at fair value 926,152 86,465 (27,694 ) 984,923 Fixed income commingled funds 174,432 4,608 (1,131 ) 177,909 Private equity 36,430 3,150 (2,959 ) 36,621 Trust investments, at net asset value 210,862 7,758 (4,090 ) 214,530 Trust investments, at market $ 1,137,014 $ 94,223 $ (31,784 ) $ 1,199,453 December 31, 2016 Value Hierarchy Level Cost Unrealized Gains Unrealized Losses Value (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury 2 $ 75,245 $ 317 $ (557 ) $ 75,005 Canadian government 2 55,752 272 (42 ) 55,982 Corporate 2 12,702 177 (92 ) 12,787 Residential mortgage-backed 2 29 1 — 30 Asset-backed 2 58 — (3 ) 55 Equity securities: Preferred stock 2 1,428 81 (39 ) 1,470 Common stock: United States 1 334,854 49,785 (11,525 ) 373,114 Canada 1 11,853 2,592 (263 ) 14,182 Other international 1 25,761 1,824 (3,167 ) 24,418 Mutual funds: Equity 1 313,132 7,780 (26,842 ) 294,070 Fixed income 1 92,760 1,344 (7,368 ) 86,736 Other 3 4,079 1,214 (17 ) 5,276 Trust investments, at fair value 927,653 65,387 (49,915 ) 943,125 Fixed income commingled funds 168,959 3,177 (1,167 ) 170,969 Private equity 40,892 2,956 (5,190 ) 38,658 Trust investments, at net asset value 209,851 6,133 (6,357 ) 209,627 Trust investments, at market $ 1,137,504 $ 71,520 $ (56,272 ) $ 1,152,752 Valuation policies and procedures are determined by our Trust Services department, which reports to our Chief Financial Officer. Additionally, valuations are reviewed quarterly by the Investment Committee of the Board of Directors. Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, fair values are estimated by using either quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or an income approach fair value model with observable inputs that include a combination of interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds, ratings, and tax-exempt status. These securities are classified as Level 2 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. The valuation of other investments requires management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of such assets. These funds are classified as Level 3 investments pursuant to the fair value measurements hierarchy. Fixed income commingled funds and private equity investments are measured at net asset value. Fixed income commingled funds are redeemable for net asset value with two weeks' notice. Our private equity investments include several funds that invest in limited partnerships, distressed debt, real estate, and mezzanine financing. These investments can never be redeemed by the funds. Instead, due to the nature of the investments in this category, distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets of the funds. We estimate that the underlying assets will be liquidated over the next 2 to 10 years. As of March 31, 2017 , our unfunded commitment for our private equity investments was $44.0 million which, if called, would be funded by the assets of the trusts. The change in our trust investments measured at fair value with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 (In thousands) Fair value, beginning balance $ 5,276 $ 4,756 Net unrealized gains included in Accumulated other comprehensive income (1) 221 55 Distributions and other (62 ) — Fair value, ending balance $ 5,435 $ 4,811 (1) All net unrealized gains recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income for our merchandise and service trust investments are attributable to our preneed customers and are offset by a corresponding reclassification in Accumulated other comprehensive income to Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . See Note 6 for further information related to our Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . Maturity dates of our fixed income securities range from 2017 to 2041 . Maturities of fixed income securities, excluding mutual funds, at March 31, 2017 are estimated as follows: Fair Value (In thousands) Due in one year or less $ 71,410 Due in one to five years 26,461 Due in five to ten years 33,537 Thereafter 7,631 $ 139,039 Earnings from all our merchandise and service trust investments are recognized in revenue when merchandise is delivered or a service is performed. Fees charged by our wholly-owned registered investment advisor are also included in current revenue. In addition, we are entitled to retain, in certain jurisdictions, a portion of collected customer payments when a customer cancels a preneed contract; these amounts are also recognized in current revenue in the period in which they are earned. Recognized trust fund income (realized and unrealized) related to these trust investments was $14.3 million and $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. We assess our trust investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. Impairment charges resulting from this assessment are recognized as investment losses in Other expense, net and a decrease to Preneed funeral receivables, net and trust investments . These investment losses, if any, are offset by the corresponding reclassification in Other expense, net, which reduces Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . See Note 6 for further information related to our Deferred preneed receipts held in trust . We have determined that the remaining unrealized losses in our merchandise and service trust investments are considered temporary in nature, as the unrealized losses were due to temporary fluctuations in interest rates and equity prices. The investments are diversified across multiple industry segments using a balanced allocation strategy to minimize long-term risk. We believe that none of the remaining securities are other-than-temporarily impaired based on our analysis of the investments. Our analysis included a review of the portfolio holdings and discussions with the individual money managers as to the sector exposures, credit ratings, and the severity and duration of the unrealized losses. Our merchandise and service trust investment unrealized losses, their associated values, and the duration of unrealized losses as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively, are shown in the following tables: March 31, 2017 In Loss Position Less Than 12 Months In Loss Position Greater Than 12 Months Total Value Unrealized Losses Value Unrealized Losses Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury $ 24,169 $ (372 ) $ — $ — $ 24,169 $ (372 ) Canadian government 4,011 (45 ) 173 (14 ) 4,184 (59 ) Corporate 1,383 (15 ) 2,564 (56 ) 3,947 (71 ) Asset-backed — — 51 (1 ) 51 (1 ) Equity securities: Preferred stock 112 (29 ) 95 (25 ) 207 (54 ) Common stock: United States 58,091 (5,017 ) 13,858 — 71,949 (5,017 ) Canada 3,353 (430 ) 124 (11 ) 3,477 (441 ) Other international 3,846 (357 ) 7,567 (2,082 ) 11,413 (2,439 ) Mutual funds: Equity 25,972 (1,954 ) 132,756 (10,474 ) 158,728 (12,428 ) Fixed income 26,910 (447 ) 30,967 (6,335 ) 57,877 (6,782 ) Other — — 1,400 (30 ) 1,400 (30 ) Trust investments, at fair value 147,847 (8,666 ) 189,555 (19,028 ) 337,402 (27,694 ) Fixed income commingled funds 72,487 (467 ) 18,383 (664 ) 90,870 (1,131 ) Private equity 28 (17 ) 20,373 (2,942 ) 20,401 (2,959 ) Trust investments, at net asset value 72,515 (484 ) 38,756 (3,606 ) 111,271 (4,090 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 220,362 $ (9,150 ) $ 228,311 $ (22,634 ) $ 448,673 $ (31,784 ) December 31, 2016 In Loss Position Less Than 12 Months In Loss Position Greater Than 12 Months Total Value Unrealized Losses Value Unrealized Losses Value Unrealized Losses (In thousands) Fixed income securities: U.S. Treasury $ 25,996 $ (557 ) $ — $ — $ 25,996 $ (557 ) Canadian government 2,847 (30 ) 191 (12 ) 3,038 (42 ) Corporate 1,710 (15 ) 3,560 (77 ) 5,270 (92 ) Residential mortgage-backed — — 55 (3 ) 55 (3 ) Equity securities: Preferred stock 125 (17 ) 98 (22 ) 223 (39 ) Common stock: United States 87,059 (8,149 ) 14,939 (3,376 ) 101,998 (11,525 ) Canada 2,832 (254 ) 482 (9 ) 3,314 (263 ) Other international 5,390 (1,301 ) 7,368 (1,866 ) 12,758 (3,167 ) Mutual funds: Equity 108,109 (5,080 ) 127,273 (21,762 ) 235,382 (26,842 ) Fixed income 34,120 (817 ) 31,654 (6,551 ) 65,774 (7,368 ) Other 26 (2 ) 1,160 (15 ) 1,186 (17 ) Trust investments, at fair value 268,214 (16,222 ) 186,780 (33,693 ) 454,994 (49,915 ) Fixed income commingled funds 75,041 (687 ) 17,656 (480 ) 92,697 (1,167 ) Private equity 693 (481 ) 22,812 (4,709 ) 23,505 (5,190 ) Trust investments, at net asset value 75,734 (1,168 ) 40,468 (5,189 ) 116,202 (6,357 ) Total temporarily impaired securities $ 343,948 $ (17,390 ) $ 227,248 $ (38,882 ) $ 571,196 $ (56,272 ) |