Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block] | 5. Share-Based Compensation The Company has adopted incentive and nonqualified stock option plans for executive, scientific and administrative personnel of the Company as well as outside directors and consultants. In June 2015, the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan, increasing the number of shares reserved for issuance from 5,730,000 8,230,000 As of , there are 7,230,558 1.41 34.10 1,545,000 1,442,876 The Company records compensation expense associated with stock options and other equity-based compensation in accordance with provisions of authoritative guidance. Compensation costs are recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the option vesting term of up to three years. Awards with will be expensed if it is probable that the will be achieved. As of June 30, 2015, no expense has been recorded for share awards with performance conditions. The Company’s net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 includes non-cash compensation expense of $ 872,126 864,262 SIX MONTH PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2015 2014 Research and development $ 421,908 $ 275,492 General and administrative 450,218 588,770 Share-based compensation expense $ 872,126 $ 864,262 Net share-based compensation expense, per common share: Basic and diluted $ 0.03 $ 0.03 The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model to estimate the fair value of service based and performance based stock options granted to employees. Option valuation models, including Black-Scholes-Merton, require the input of highly subjective assumptions, and changes in the assumptions used can materially affect the grant date fair value of an award. SIX MONTH PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2015 2014 Expected volatility 85.28 % 102.72% Risk-free interest rate 1.58 % 1.78% Expected term of option 5.67 years 5.63 years Forfeiture rate* 3.00 % 3.00% Expected dividend yield 0.00 % 0.00% * - Authoritative guidance requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. During the six-month period ended June 30, 2015, forfeitures were estimated at 3 The weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the six-month period ended June 30, 2015 was $ 1.02 Weighted Average Number of Exercise Options Price Outstanding at January 1, 2015 4,557,682 $ 2.40 Granted 2,675,000 $ 1.43 Exercised - $ - Expired (2,124) $ 1.71 Forfeited - $ - Outstanding at June 30, 2015 7,230,558 $ 2.04 Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2015 7,138,741 $ 2.05 Exercisable at June 30, 2015 4,170,004 $ 2.44 There were no option exercises during the three or six months ended June 30, 2015 or 2014. |